A description can be found here: http://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/wrfda/OnlineTutorial/Help/littler.html
Data is stored in reports. Each report consists of three or more records (one record is one line).
WRF requires that each time period is saved in a separate file. The following is from the focumentation:
All input files must have the format obs_filename:<YYYY-MM-DD_HH>. One file required for each time period.