Add files to configure with CMake

[claudioperez]

This pull request adds some CMake scripts I put together a while ago. CMake is becoming a defacto standard in the scientific computing ecosystem. Some advantages of using CMake include:

• Integration with new libraries Because many new libraries in the scientific computing ecosystem are migrating to CMake-based builds, using it can greatly simplify integration of these tools as project dependencies.
• Quarantined builds: When building with the newly added CMake scripts, builds are automatically quarantined so that no files are created in source directories. Instead, all build artifacts (*.o files, etc.) are contained under a root-level build folder. With make alone, it can quickly become very cumbersome to implement quarantined builds.
• Dependency resolution: CMake can significantly simplify the configuration of builds and dependency resolution.
• Consistent workflow: CMake facilitates using a single workflow for building. The following commands should work on any operating system:

  # Configure once with:
  mkdir ./build
  cmake -S . -B ./build
  # Compile with 8 parallel jobs
  cmake --build ./build -j8

Notes:

• These changes only introduce an alternative build method and will have no impact on the existing make build. Things will continue to work exactly as they always have.
• With the exception of .gitignore, no preexisting files have been modified. Only new files are introduced.