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文章目录

一 效果图

在这里插入图片描述

在这里插入图片描述

二 思维导图

1.类的属性关系

图片

2.类的相关方法

图片

三 设计步骤

1.素材准备(在以上的文件中我都提供了)

2.预备知识及其运用

1.面向对象的封装:设计包装出小鸟、地面、柱子、游戏四个类。 2.swing和awt包:图形界面工具,绘制出游戏场景。 3.Math类:运用atan等方法辅助完成小鸟旋转角度转换。 4.事件监听器:运用鼠标监听器完成游戏状态转换及小鸟移动。 5.多线程:该项目就用到了一个sleep休眠。

相关的知识用到的不多,一边做一边学习(熟悉)运用就好。

3.大体流程

1.绘制面板,放入背景图。 2.设计地面、柱子类完成移动的效果(移动方法实现)。 3.设计小鸟,完成飞行轨迹、与柱子是否碰撞的方法等。 4.设计游戏类,完成游戏类界面的绘制。 5.设计游戏开始的方法与流程。 6.增加鼠标监听器完成对小鸟飞行及游戏运行的控制。

四 源码

1.游戏类

package game;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.util.*;

import javax.swing.*;

import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import javax.imageio.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class BirdGame extends JPanel {
	
	
	Image background;//背景图片
	Image startImage;//开始图片
	Image overImage;//游戏结束图片
	Ground ground;//地面
	Column column1,column2;//两根柱子
	Bird bird;//小鸟
	int score;//游戏分数
	int state;//游戏状态
	//状态常量
	public static final int START=0;//开始
	public static final int RUNNING=1;//运行
	public static final int GAME_OVER=2;//结束
	
	public BirdGame() throws Exception
	{
		//初始背景图片
		//background = new ImageIcon("D:\\java\\elipse\\project_workplace\\Bird\\src\\resources\\bg.png").getImage();//绝对路径
		//background = new ImageIcon("src\\resources\\bg.png").getImage();//相对路径,一开始默认位置是Bird项目文件夹
		background = new ImageIcon("./source/bg.png").getImage();
		startImage = new ImageIcon("./source/start.png").getImage();
		overImage=new ImageIcon("./source/gameover.png").getImage();
		//初始化地面、柱子、小鸟、分号、状态
		ground=new Ground();
		column1=new Column(1);
		column2=new Column(2);
		bird=new Bird();
		score=0;
		state=0;
	}
	
	public void paint(Graphics g)
	{
		//绘制背景
		g.drawImage(background, 0, 0,null);
		//绘制地面
		g.drawImage(ground.image, ground.x, ground.y, null);
		//绘制柱子
		g.drawImage(column1.image,column1.x-column1.width/2,column1.y-column1.height/2,null);
		g.drawImage(column2.image,column2.x-column2.width/2,column2.y-column2.height/2,null);
		//绘制小鸟
		Graphics2D g2=(Graphics2D) g;
		g2.rotate(-bird.alpha,bird.x,bird.y);
		g.drawImage(bird.image,bird.x-bird.width/2,bird.y-bird.height/2,null);
		g2.rotate(bird.alpha,bird.x,bird.y);
		//绘制分数
		Font f=new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF,Font.BOLD,40);
		g.setFont(f);
		g.drawString(""+score, 40, 60);
		g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
		g.drawString(""+score,40-3, 60-3);//一个阴影效果
		//绘制开始和结束界面
		switch(state)
		{
		case START:
			g.drawImage(startImage, 0, 0, null);
			break;
		case GAME_OVER:
			g.drawImage(overImage, 0, 0, null);
			break;
		}
	}
	
	public void action() throws Exception
	{
		//不断重复和绘制
		MouseListener l=new MouseAdapter()
		{
			public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e)
			{
				try {
					switch(state) {
					case START:
						//在开始前按下鼠标转为运行状态
						state=RUNNING;
						break;
					case RUNNING:
						//在运行状态,按下鼠标小鸟向上飞行
						bird.flappy();
						break;
					case GAME_OVER:
						//在结束状态,按下鼠标重置数据变为开始
						column1=new Column(1);
						column2=new Column(2);
						bird=new Bird();
						score=0;
						state=START;
						break;
					}
				}
				catch (Exception ex)
				{
					ex.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			
		};
		addMouseListener(l);
		while(true)
		{
			switch(state)
			{
			case START:
				bird.fly();
				ground.step();
				break;
			case RUNNING:
				ground.step();
				column1.step();
				column2.step();
				bird.fly();
				bird.step();
//				if(bird.x==column1.x||bird.x==column2.x)
//				{
//					score++;
//				}
				score++;
				//检测是否碰撞
				if(bird.hit(ground)||bird.hit(column1)||bird.hit(column2))
				{
					state=GAME_OVER;
				}
				break;
			}	
			//休眠1000/60毫秒
			Thread.sleep(1000/60);
			repaint();
		}
	}
	
	//启动方法
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
	{
		
		JFrame frame=new JFrame();
		BirdGame game=new BirdGame();
		frame.add(game);
		frame.setSize(440,670);
		frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
		frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
		frame.setVisible(true);
		game.action();
	}
	
}

2.地面类

package game;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class Ground {

	Image image;
	
	int x,y;//位置
	
	int width,height;
	
	//地面初始化
	public Ground() throws Exception
	{
		image =new ImageIcon("source/ground.png").getImage();
		width=image.getWidth(null);
		height=image.getHeight(null);
		x=0;
		y=500;
	}
	
	//左移
	public void step()
	{
		x-=4;
		if(x<=-109)
		{
			x=0;
		}
	}
	
	
}

3.小鸟类

package game;
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

public class Bird {

	Image image;
	int x,y;
	int width,height;
	int size;
	//重力加速度
	double g;
	//位移间隔时间
	double t;
	//最初速度
	double v0;
	//当前上抛速度
	double speed;
	//经过时间t后的位移
	double s;
	//小鸟的倾角(弧度)
	double alpha;
	
	//一组图片记录小鸟动画帧
	Image[] images;
	//帧数下标
	int index;
	
	public Bird() throws Exception
	{
		image=new ImageIcon("source/0.png").getImage();
		width = image.getWidth(null);
		height = image.getHeight(null);
		x=132;
		y=280;
		size=40;
		//位移参数
		g=4;
		v0=20;
		t=0.25;
		speed=v0;
		s=0;
		//小鸟偏转角度
		alpha=0;
		
		//初始化动画帧参数
		images=new Image[8];
		
		for(int i=0;i<8;i++)
		{
			images[i]=new ImageIcon("source/"+i+".png").getImage();
		}
		index=0;
		
	}
	
	//飞行动作(变化一帧)
	public void fly()
	{
		index++;
		image=images[(index/12)%8];
	}
	
	//移动一步
	public void step()
	{
		double v0=speed;
		//计算上跑位移
		s=v0*t+g*t*t/2;
		//计算鸟的坐标
		y=y-(int)s;
		//计算下次移动速度
		double v=v0-g*t;
		speed =v;
		//计算倾角(反正切函数)
		alpha=Math.atan(s/8);
		
	}
	
	//向上飞行
	public void flappy()
	{
		//重置速度
		speed=v0;
	}
	
	//检测小鸟是否碰撞到地面
	public boolean hit(Ground ground)
	{
		boolean hit =y+size/2>ground.y;
		if(hit)
		{
			y=ground.y-size/2;
			alpha=Math.PI/2;
		}
		return hit;
	}
	
	//检测小鸟是否撞到柱子
	public boolean hit(Column column)
	{
		//检测是否在柱子范围内
		if(x>column.x-column.width/2-size/2&&x<column.x+column.width/2+size/2)
		{
			if(y>column.y-column.gap/2+size/2&&y<column.y+column.gap/2-size/2) return false;
			return true;
		}
		return false;
	}
}

4.柱子类

package game;

import java.util.*;
import java.awt.*;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.*;

public class Column {

	Image image;
	
	int x,y;
	int width,height;
	//柱子之间缝隙
	int gap;
	//柱子之间的距离
	int distance;
	Random random =new Random();
	
	//初始第N根柱子
	
	public Column(int n) throws Exception
	{
		image=new ImageIcon("source/column.png").getImage();
		width=image.getWidth(null);
		height=image.getHeight(null);
		gap=144;
		distance=245;
		x=550+(n-1)*distance;
		y=random.nextInt(218)+132;
	}
	
	public void step()
	{
		x-=4;
		if(x<= -width/2)
		{
			x=distance*2-width/2;
			y=random.nextInt(218);
		}
	}
}

About

"Flying Bird" is a classic game in which players control a bird to cross obstacles. By tapping the screen, the bird will fly upward, and by reading, it will fall. Players need to pay careful attention to pipe obstacles on the flight path and do not squat on them

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