chore: upgrade Angular and related dependencies to version 16 for Jupyter, TensorBoard, and Volumes Web Apps

[Prateekbala]

Changes :

1. Upgraded Angular packages from 14.3 to 16.2
2. Upgraded Angular Material from 14.2 to 16.2
3. Updated TypeScript to 5.1.6, RxJS to 7.8, zone.js to 0.13
4. Removed deprecated relativeLinkResolution from RouterModule
5. Migrated Material chip components (mat-chip-list → mat-chip-grid)
6. Updated RxJS subscribe() to use object notation
7. Fixed TypeScript configuration (ES2020 target/module)

Breaking Changes Addressed :

1. Removed relativeLinkResolution: 'legacy' from RouterModule.forRoot()
2. Removed deprecated require.context() from test.ts files
3. Updated Material chip components to new API
4. Added ignoreDeprecations: "5.0" to tsconfig.json
5. Updated TypeScript module/target to ES2020
6. Removed deprecated ngcc postinstall script

[google-oss-prow]

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[juliusvonkohout]

@andyatmiami

[christian-heusel]

@Prateekbala did you use some AI tool to create this change or did you do it yourself?

Also please look into the test failures, currently the full CI is red on this PR 😅