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3 changes: 3 additions & 0 deletions Dockerfile
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -40,6 +40,9 @@ COPY risk-ratings/ ./risk-ratings/
# Round 49 pSEO — regulatory framework and compliance deadlines
COPY regulations/ ./regulations/
COPY deadlines/ ./deadlines/
# Round 50 pSEO — enforcement case studies, developer examples, red flags expansion
COPY case-studies/ ./case-studies/
COPY examples/ ./examples/
# how-to expansion pages (static fallthrough from _howto_page method)
COPY how-to/ ./how-to/
# Interactive shareable tools (compliance-check, ai-spend-optimizer)
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39 changes: 38 additions & 1 deletion api.py
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Expand Up @@ -3597,7 +3597,7 @@ def do_GET(self):
if _os.path.isfile(_rp):
with open(_rp, "r", encoding="utf-8") as _fh:
return self._serve_text(_fh.read(), "text/html; charset=utf-8")
for _pfx in ("/vs/", "/faq/", "/learn/", "/alternatives-to/", "/penalties/", "/guides/", "/checklists/", "/cost-of/", "/best/", "/templates/", "/stats/", "/redflags/", "/scenarios/", "/programs/", "/benchmarks/", "/evasion/", "/risk-ratings/", "/regulations/", "/deadlines/"):
for _pfx in ("/vs/", "/faq/", "/learn/", "/alternatives-to/", "/penalties/", "/guides/", "/checklists/", "/cost-of/", "/best/", "/templates/", "/stats/", "/redflags/", "/scenarios/", "/programs/", "/benchmarks/", "/evasion/", "/risk-ratings/", "/regulations/", "/deadlines/", "/case-studies/", "/examples/"):
if p.path.startswith(_pfx):
_slug = p.path[len(_pfx):].split("?")[0].split("/")[0]
if not _slug:
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -6546,6 +6546,43 @@ def _sitemap_xml(self):
("/deadlines/rescreening-frequency", "monthly", "0.8", "Rescreening Frequency"),
("/deadlines/license-application-timeline", "monthly", "0.8", "License Application Timeline"),
("/deadlines/audit-trail-retention", "monthly", "0.8", "Audit Trail Retention"),
("/case-studies/binance-ofac-settlement-2023", "monthly", "0.9", "Binance Ofac Settlement 2023"),
("/case-studies/kraken-ofac-settlement-2022", "monthly", "0.9", "Kraken Ofac Settlement 2022"),
("/case-studies/bitgo-ofac-settlement-2020", "monthly", "0.9", "Bitgo Ofac Settlement 2020"),
("/case-studies/etherdelta-ofac-settlement-2018", "monthly", "0.9", "Etherdelta Ofac Settlement 2018"),
("/case-studies/bitpay-ofac-settlement-2021", "monthly", "0.9", "Bitpay Ofac Settlement 2021"),
("/case-studies/tornado-cash-designation-2022", "monthly", "0.9", "Tornado Cash Designation 2022"),
("/case-studies/binance-settlement-timeline", "monthly", "0.9", "Binance Settlement Timeline"),
("/case-studies/standard-chartered-ofac-case", "monthly", "0.9", "Standard Chartered Ofac Case"),
("/case-studies/societe-generale-ofac-case", "monthly", "0.9", "Societe Generale Ofac Case"),
("/case-studies/blender-io-designation-2022", "monthly", "0.9", "Blender Io Designation 2022"),
("/case-studies/garantex-designation-2022", "monthly", "0.9", "Garantex Designation 2022"),
("/case-studies/hydra-market-designation", "monthly", "0.9", "Hydra Market Designation"),
("/examples/python-wallet-screening", "weekly", "0.8", "Python Wallet Screening"),
("/examples/javascript-wallet-check", "weekly", "0.8", "Javascript Wallet Check"),
("/examples/curl-sanctions-check", "weekly", "0.8", "Curl Sanctions Check"),
("/examples/name-screening-python", "weekly", "0.8", "Name Screening Python"),
("/examples/go-wallet-screening", "weekly", "0.8", "Go Wallet Screening"),
("/examples/rust-wallet-screening", "weekly", "0.8", "Rust Wallet Screening"),
("/examples/payment-gateway-integration", "weekly", "0.8", "Payment Gateway Integration"),
("/examples/stripe-payment-screening", "weekly", "0.8", "Stripe Payment Screening"),
("/examples/ethereum-transaction-screening", "weekly", "0.8", "Ethereum Transaction Screening"),
("/examples/smart-contract-pre-check", "weekly", "0.8", "Smart Contract Pre Check"),
("/examples/batch-screening-script", "weekly", "0.8", "Batch Screening Script"),
("/examples/compliance-dashboard-setup", "weekly", "0.8", "Compliance Dashboard Setup"),
("/examples/webhook-alert-setup", "weekly", "0.8", "Webhook Alert Setup"),
("/redflags/trade-finance-red-flags", "monthly", "0.8", "Trade Finance Red Flags"),
("/redflags/correspondent-banking-red-flags", "monthly", "0.8", "Correspondent Banking Red Flags"),
("/redflags/wire-transfer-red-flags", "monthly", "0.8", "Wire Transfer Red Flags"),
("/redflags/crypto-wallet-red-flags", "monthly", "0.8", "Crypto Wallet Red Flags"),
("/redflags/ppe-sanctions-red-flags", "monthly", "0.8", "Ppe Sanctions Red Flags"),
("/redflags/shipping-trade-red-flags", "monthly", "0.8", "Shipping Trade Red Flags"),
("/redflags/insurance-sanctions-red-flags", "monthly", "0.8", "Insurance Sanctions Red Flags"),
("/redflags/defi-protocol-red-flags", "monthly", "0.8", "Defi Protocol Red Flags"),
("/redflags/payment-processor-red-flags", "monthly", "0.8", "Payment Processor Red Flags"),
("/redflags/nft-marketplace-red-flags", "monthly", "0.8", "Nft Marketplace Red Flags"),
("/redflags/vasp-onboarding-red-flags", "monthly", "0.8", "Vasp Onboarding Red Flags"),
("/redflags/ai-agent-payment-red-flags", "monthly", "0.8", "Ai Agent Payment Red Flags"),
]
import datetime
today = datetime.date.today().isoformat()
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70 changes: 70 additions & 0 deletions case-studies/binance-ofac-settlement-2023/index.html
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<html lang="en">
<head>
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<title>Binance OFAC settlement case study (2023) | SanctionsAI</title>
<meta name="description" content="Case study: Binance $968M OFAC settlement in 2023. What happened, root causes, penalties, and compliance lessons for crypto exchanges and AI agents.">
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<meta property="og:description" content="Case study: Binance $968M OFAC settlement in 2023. What happened, root causes, penalties, and compliance lessons for crypto exchanges and AI agents.">
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<p class="byline">By SanctionsAI team &middot; Updated 2026-08-09</p>
<h1>Binance OFAC settlement case study (2023)</h1>
<p class="lede">In November 2023, Binance agreed to a $968 million settlement with OFAC for 1.6 million apparent violations of multiple sanctions programs. This is one of the largest OFAC settlements in history.</p>
<p><strong>TL;DR:</strong> Binance failed to screen transactions involving users in comprehensively sanctioned jurisdictions (Iran, Syria, Cuba, Crimea). The root cause: inadequate compliance infrastructure that prioritized growth over controls. The settlement demonstrates why real-time screening is non-negotiable.</p>
<h2>Background</h2>
<p>Binance, the world's largest crypto exchange by volume, grew rapidly from 2017 to 2021. During this period, the exchange allowed users from comprehensively sanctioned jurisdictions to trade freely, despite US sanctions prohibiting such transactions.</p>
<h2>What happened</h2>
<p>Between August 2017 and October 2022, Binance processed approximately 1.6 million transactions worth $899 million involving users in Iran, Syria, Cuba, and the Crimea region of Ukraine. The exchange failed to implement adequate IP-based geolocation controls and did not screen users against OFAC sanctions lists.</p>
<h2>Root causes</h2>
<table><tr><th>Root cause</th><th>Detail</th></tr>
<tr><td>No effective geolocation</td><td>Users from sanctioned jurisdictions accessed the platform using VPNs</td></tr>
<tr><td>No real-time screening</td><td>Transactions were not screened against OFAC SDN list</td></tr>
<tr><td>Growth over compliance</td><td>Compliance staff were outnumbered and under-resourced</td></tr>
<tr><td>No voluntary self-disclosure</td><td>Binance did not voluntarily disclose; OFAC discovered independently</td></tr></table>
<h2>Penalty breakdown</h2>
<p><strong>$968 million</strong> OFAC civil penalty (part of a broader $4.3 billion global resolution including DOJ and FinCEN). No voluntary self-disclosure mitigation. Statutory maximum was $3.5 billion.</p>
<h2>Lessons for compliance teams</h2>
<p><strong>1. Geolocation is not enough.</strong> VPNs bypass IP checks. Screen user names and wallet addresses, not just IP addresses. <strong>2. Real-time screening is mandatory.</strong> Post-hoc review of historical transactions does not prevent violations. <strong>3. Compliance must scale with growth.</strong> Hiring and resourcing compliance teams must keep pace with transaction volume.</p>
<div class="callout warn"><strong>For AI agents:</strong> If your agent processes crypto payments, implement real-time wallet screening via API BEFORE transaction execution. The Binance case shows what happens when screening is absent.</div>
<div class="cta"><h2>Screen your agent's next payment</h2>
<p style="color:#9ca3af;margin:.5rem 0">Check any wallet, name, or entity against OFAC, EU, UN sanctions lists in real time.</p>
<a href="/tools/wallet-checker">Free wallet checker</a></div>
<div class="faq-section"><h2>Frequently Asked Questions</h2><dl>
<dt>What was the Binance OFAC settlement?</dt><dd>$968 million in November 2023 for 1.6 million apparent sanctions violations involving users in Iran, Syria, Cuba, and Crimea. Part of a $4.3 billion global resolution.</dd><dt>What was the root cause of Binance violations?</dt><dd>Inadequate compliance infrastructure: no effective geolocation, no real-time screening, under-resourced compliance team, and growth prioritized over controls.</dd><dt>Did Binance voluntarily self-disclose?</dt><dd>No. OFAC discovered the violations independently. The lack of voluntary self-disclosure meant no penalty mitigation was applied.</dd><dt>What can other exchanges learn from Binance?</dt><dd>Implement real-time wallet and name screening, use multiple layers of geolocation verification (not just IP), and resource compliance teams proportionally to transaction volume.</dd>
</dl></div>
<p><a href="/case-studies">&larr; Back to case-studies</a> &middot; <a href="/">SanctionsAI</a></p>
</body></html>
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