fix(vite-dev-server): sync Vite 8.3.1 optimizer and asset URL fixes

[kazupon]

Sync the remaining Vite 8.3.1 changes to ported code that is disabled or build-only in the preview Worker (refers/vite 42a4ea7 → cf5c028), keeping the fork aligned with upstream:

• chore: update optimizeDeps.include comment vitejs/vite#23489: update the optimizeDeps.include comment
• fix(optimizer): don't skip imports whose binding starts with type vitejs/vite#23540: don't skip imports whose binding starts with type
• chore(optimizer): add debug log when waiting for dep before init vitejs/vite#23566: expose DepsOptimizer.initState and log when waiting for a dep before init
• fix(optimizer): resolve pending discovered dep processing on close before init vitejs/vite#23567: resolve pending discovered dep processing on close before init
• fix(optimizer): preserve excluded optional peer require fallbacks vitejs/vite#23600: preserve excluded optional peer require() fallbacks
• fix: pass queries to renderBuiltUrl vitejs/vite#23586: pass queries to renderBuiltUrl (the html.ts part is not ported because buildHtmlPlugin does not exist in this fork)
• fix(optimize-deps): avoid "unsupported" warnings for browser:false mappings vitejs/vite#23590: avoid "unsupported" warnings for browser: false mappings

Each upstream change is a separate commit. Where upstream only covers a change with integration or E2E tests (#23567, #23600, #23590), equivalent unit tests are added. The asset URL tests are updated for the new placeholder format, in which the postfix is carried in URL metadata instead of trailing the token, and a renderBuiltUrl test mirrors the upstream build test.

The dependency optimizer stays disabled in the Worker. Changes to code that is not ported (bundled dev, buildHtmlPlugin, resolveRolldownOptions, proxy, SSR) are not included.

Validated with typecheck, lint, vp run test:unit:vite:node (642 → 649 tests) and the @vrowzer/vite-dev-server build. Integration and E2E tests were not run locally.