Side-by-side comparisons of how states make decisions when a new industry outgrows the existing rules: data centers, energy, infrastructure, payments, and health care.

Homepage: jphoebus.github.io

• Which data center load counts: How six PJM states screen data center electricity requests before they count in the load forecast: forecast review, contract terms, collateral, and duplicate-request disclosure.
• Who pays for data center power: How states set the terms large electricity customers must accept: size thresholds, minimum bills, contract terms, exit fees, and collateral.
• What states changed on data centers in 2026: What legislatures, governors, utility regulators, and local governments changed this year, and where each change came from.
• Who approves a data center?: How five states decide where data centers can be built: local zoning, state permits, regional review and utility rules.

• State data center incentives, compared: How states structure their data center sales tax exemptions: eligibility, investment and job requirements, and duration.
• What counts as exempt data center equipment: Which equipment qualifies under each state's data center sales tax exemption.
• How states check their tax incentives: How states evaluate whether their tax incentives deliver what they promise.

• DOE's SPARK grid selections, tracked: The Department of Energy's SPARK grid-upgrade selections, tracked as they move forward.
• Are state rules ready for quantum computing?: Whether state data center incentives, tariffs, and reporting rules address quantum computing, and how states are preparing.

• Is it a loan? How states set payments rules: How eleven states classify earned wage access, how a federal bill would change state authority, and how Illinois and Colorado handled card fees on sales tax and tips.

• Who sets the price of a prescription?: How five states regulate pharmacy benefit managers, drug prices, and 340B contract pharmacy arrangements.
• Who arranges the ride?: How five Northeast states run Medicaid non-emergency medical transportation: delivery models, broker contracts, procurement, and 2025–26 legislation.

I'm Joshua Phoebus. I spent seven and a half years in Pennsylvania state government, including four years as Director of Performance and Transformation in the Office of Governor Tom Wolf, where I led the Commonwealth's performance-based budgeting engagement across twenty-nine executive agencies and guided agencies on compliance with the tax credit reviews required under Act 48.

• LinkedIn: linkedin.com/in/joshuaphoebus
• Website: joshuaphoebusllc.com