Add include and exclude devices to device selector

[andrew-codechimp]

Proposed change

Add optional include and exclude device id lists to the device selector.

The entity selector provides options to include or exclude existing entities, so that helpers/blueprints can reduce the list of displayed entities within the selector. The device selector does not provide this.

A use case, using the custom component Battery Notes as an example

Within Battery Notes you create a "helper" which adds additional entities to a device, it is not applicable to add a second set of entities to a device and will display an already added message. But with most users having a large number of devices, even using the existing filtering available, this is a large list to mentally navigate/track what has already been added, causing frustration with a select/submit/fail/try another approach.

The device selector does not have the ability to exclude devices, with this change the add note functionality within Battery Notes could obtain a list of existing device id's already added to Battery Notes and exclude these from the selector, making it easier for users to pick a device that they have not already added a battery note helper to.

The include filter is included for feature completeness to match the entity selector, I do not have a use case for this personally.

Type of change

• Dependency upgrade
• Bugfix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New integration (thank you!)
• New feature (which adds functionality to an existing integration)
• Deprecation (breaking change to happen in the future)
• Breaking change (fix/feature causing existing functionality to break)
• Code quality improvements to existing code or addition of tests

Additional information

• This PR fixes or closes issue: fixes #
• This PR is related to issue:
• Link to documentation pull request: Add include and exclude devices to device selector home-assistant.io#44130
• Link to developer documentation pull request:
• Link to frontend pull request: Add include and exclude devices to device selector frontend#30153

Checklist

• I understand the code I am submitting and can explain how it works.
• The code change is tested and works locally.
• Local tests pass. Your PR cannot be merged unless tests pass
• There is no commented out code in this PR.
• I have followed the development checklist
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• The code has been formatted using Ruff (ruff format homeassistant tests)
• Tests have been added to verify that the new code works.
• Any generated code has been carefully reviewed for correctness and compliance with project standards.

If user exposed functionality or configuration variables are added/changed:

• Documentation added/updated for www.home-assistant.io

If the code communicates with devices, web services, or third-party tools:

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  Updated and included derived files by running: python3 -m script.hassfest.
• New or updated dependencies have been added to requirements_all.txt.
  Updated by running python3 -m script.gen_requirements_all.
• For the updated dependencies a diff between library versions and ideally a link to the changelog/release notes is added to the PR description.

To help with the load of incoming pull requests:

• I have reviewed two other open pull requests in this repository.

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

Adds optional include_devices / exclude_devices filtering support to the backend device selector, enabling callers (e.g., future “helper-style” flows) to constrain which device IDs are valid selections.

Changes:

• Extend DeviceSelector config schema/types to accept include_devices and exclude_devices.
• Enforce include/exclude validation when a device selector value is submitted (single and multiple modes).
• Add unit tests covering include/exclude behavior for device selectors.

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 2 out of 2 changed files in this pull request and generated no comments.

File	Description
homeassistant/helpers/selector.py	Adds include/exclude lists to device selector config and validates selections against them.
tests/helpers/test_selector.py	Adds test cases verifying include/exclude validation for single and multi device selection.

[MartinHjelmare]

I think this needs a more comprehensive PR description with example use cases and the motivation explained.

This sentence doesn't explain it enough:

future helper style integrations where it is not applicable to add a second helper to a device

Potentially we'll need an architecture discussion. But please start with a more detailed explanation here. Thanks!

[andrew-codechimp]

Updated with a detailed use case, device selectors aren't used that frequently so use case refers to my custom component but hopefully gets the point across.

[MartinHjelmare]

Seems ok to me to proceed with this. I'm checking with the core team for a second opinion.

[issue-triage-workflows]

There hasn't been any activity on this pull request recently. This pull request has been automatically marked as stale because of that and will be closed if no further activity occurs within 7 days.
If you are the author of this PR, please leave a comment if you want to keep it open. Also, please rebase your PR onto the latest dev branch to ensure that it's up to date with the latest changes.
Thank you for your contribution!

[andrew-codechimp]

Would still like this to be merged.
The call for a second opinion on core discord got a thumbs up from Joost, not sure if that's good enough?

The failing test is not related to this change.