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89 changes: 47 additions & 42 deletions src/pages/tools/advanced.astro
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -36,48 +36,53 @@ const tools = [
</p>
</header>

<section class="prose prose-slate max-w-none mb-8">
<p>
Treatment detection requires correlating multiple lines of evidence. Heat treatment
in corundum leaves characteristic stress fractures around rutile inclusions and
healed fingerprints, but not all heated stones show these features — a clean,
well-heated stone may show no internal evidence at all. Fracture filling in emerald
suppresses the fingerprint inclusions that would otherwise be visible under
magnification, but the filling material itself can be identified by its flash effect
and RI mismatch with the host. Diffusion treatment in sapphire concentrates
colour at the surface, visible as concentrated colour at facet edges when the stone
is immersed. Each treatment leaves a different combination of positive and negative
evidence, and confident treatment assessment depends on accumulating independent
observations rather than relying on any single clue.
</p>
<p>
The treatment wizard on this page formalises this evidence-accumulation approach.
It covers 18 observable clues — including inclusion type, surface texture, colour
distribution, spectral absorption anomalies, fluorescence pattern, and magnification
features — mapped against 11 treatment categories: heat, fracture filling, surface
coating, diffusion, irradiation, oiling, waxing, bleaching, impregnation, laser
drilling, and flux healing. Each clue carries positive or negative evidence weights
for each treatment type. Submit the clues you have observed and the wizard sums the
weights per treatment, producing a confidence-banded conclusion — high confidence
when three or more independent indicators align, low confidence when evidence is
mixed or a single clue stands alone. This mirrors the reasoning process used in
major gemmological laboratories and makes the logic explicit rather than implicit.
</p>
<p>
The proportion analyzer applies a different kind of multi-parameter assessment to
cut quality in round brilliant diamonds. The GIA cut-grade system evaluates seven
proportions independently: table percentage, total depth percentage, crown angle,
pavilion angle, girdle thickness, culet size, and star length. Each parameter falls
into one of five grade bands (Excellent, Very Good, Good, Fair, Poor) according to
published GIA thresholds, and the overall cut grade is determined by the
lowest-grading individual parameter. Enter the measured proportions from a
proportion scope or grading report and the tool displays the per-parameter band for
each value, highlights the limiting parameter, and returns the resulting cut grade.
Understanding which proportion is pulling the grade down — crown angle too shallow,
table too wide, or girdle too thick — gives a precise basis for cut-quality
assessment and client communication.
</p>
</section>
<details class="group mb-6 rounded-lg border border-slate-200 bg-slate-50 px-4 py-3 open:bg-white">
<summary class="cursor-pointer select-none text-sm font-medium text-crystal-700 hover:text-crystal-900 marker:text-slate-400">
About these advanced tools &amp; methodology
</summary>
<div class="prose prose-slate prose-sm mt-3 max-w-none">
<p>
Treatment detection requires correlating multiple lines of evidence. Heat treatment
in corundum leaves characteristic stress fractures around rutile inclusions and
healed fingerprints, but not all heated stones show these features — a clean,
well-heated stone may show no internal evidence at all. Fracture filling in emerald
suppresses the fingerprint inclusions that would otherwise be visible under
magnification, but the filling material itself can be identified by its flash effect
and RI mismatch with the host. Diffusion treatment in sapphire concentrates
colour at the surface, visible as concentrated colour at facet edges when the stone
is immersed. Each treatment leaves a different combination of positive and negative
evidence, and confident treatment assessment depends on accumulating independent
observations rather than relying on any single clue.
</p>
<p>
The treatment wizard on this page formalises this evidence-accumulation approach.
It covers 18 observable clues — including inclusion type, surface texture, colour
distribution, spectral absorption anomalies, fluorescence pattern, and magnification
features — mapped against 11 treatment categories: heat, fracture filling, surface
coating, diffusion, irradiation, oiling, waxing, bleaching, impregnation, laser
drilling, and flux healing. Each clue carries positive or negative evidence weights
for each treatment type. Submit the clues you have observed and the wizard sums the
weights per treatment, producing a confidence-banded conclusion — high confidence
when three or more independent indicators align, low confidence when evidence is
mixed or a single clue stands alone. This mirrors the reasoning process used in
major gemmological laboratories and makes the logic explicit rather than implicit.
</p>
<p>
The proportion analyzer applies a different kind of multi-parameter assessment to
cut quality in round brilliant diamonds. The GIA cut-grade system evaluates seven
proportions independently: table percentage, total depth percentage, crown angle,
pavilion angle, girdle thickness, culet size, and star length. Each parameter falls
into one of five grade bands (Excellent, Very Good, Good, Fair, Poor) according to
published GIA thresholds, and the overall cut grade is determined by the
lowest-grading individual parameter. Enter the measured proportions from a
proportion scope or grading report and the tool displays the per-parameter band for
each value, highlights the limiting parameter, and returns the resulting cut grade.
Understanding which proportion is pulling the grade down — crown angle too shallow,
table too wide, or girdle too thick — gives a precise basis for cut-quality
assessment and client communication.
</p>
</div>
</details>

<AdvancedTools client:load />
</div>
Expand Down
77 changes: 41 additions & 36 deletions src/pages/tools/conversions.astro
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -36,42 +36,47 @@ const tools = [
</p>
</header>

<section class="prose prose-slate max-w-none mb-8">
<p>
The metric carat was standardised internationally in 1907 at exactly 200&nbsp;mg
(0.2&nbsp;g). Before that date, the carat varied by country — the old English carat
differed from the French, which differed from the Turkish — making gem weights in
historical records difficult to compare. The 1907 standard fixed the unit absolutely,
and today a 1.00&nbsp;ct stone means the same weight in every country. In trade, the
carat is subdivided into 100 points: a 0.50&nbsp;ct stone is described as
fifty points, a 0.35&nbsp;ct stone as thirty-five points. The weight converter on
this page handles carats, grams, milligrams, grains, and troy ounces — the full
range of units encountered when reading historic inventory records, laboratory
reports, and customs documentation.
</p>
<p>
Length conversion between millimetres and inches is a routine need when gem
dimensions measured with a metric caliper must be communicated in markets that use
imperial measurements, or when a published cutting diagram gives proportions in
inches that must be scaled to millimetres before use in the carat estimator. The
conversion is straightforward (1&nbsp;inch = 25.4&nbsp;mm exactly), but having a
dedicated converter eliminates the mental arithmetic error that can occur when
managing multiple measurements at once.
</p>
<p>
Temperature conversion matters in two specific gemmological contexts. First, the
specific gravity calculation depends on the density of water at the temperature of
the liquid used during hydrostatic weighing: water is densest at 4&nbsp;&deg;C
(1.0000&nbsp;g/cm&sup3;) and becomes measurably less dense as temperature rises,
reaching 0.9957&nbsp;g/cm&sup3; at 30&nbsp;&deg;C. The SG calculator on the
Measurement page applies this water-density correction automatically, and the
temperature converter here lets you enter a Fahrenheit reading from a lab thermometer
and obtain the Celsius value needed for that correction. Second, some refractometer
reference tables and refractive index databases list temperature coefficients in
Fahrenheit; converting to Celsius before applying a temperature correction to an RI
reading ensures the adjustment is applied in the right direction and magnitude.
</p>
</section>
<details class="group mb-6 rounded-lg border border-slate-200 bg-slate-50 px-4 py-3 open:bg-white">
<summary class="cursor-pointer select-none text-sm font-medium text-crystal-700 hover:text-crystal-900 marker:text-slate-400">
About these converters
</summary>
<div class="prose prose-slate prose-sm mt-3 max-w-none">
<p>
The metric carat was standardised internationally in 1907 at exactly 200&nbsp;mg
(0.2&nbsp;g). Before that date, the carat varied by country — the old English carat
differed from the French, which differed from the Turkish — making gem weights in
historical records difficult to compare. The 1907 standard fixed the unit absolutely,
and today a 1.00&nbsp;ct stone means the same weight in every country. In trade, the
carat is subdivided into 100 points: a 0.50&nbsp;ct stone is described as
fifty points, a 0.35&nbsp;ct stone as thirty-five points. The weight converter on
this page handles carats, grams, milligrams, grains, and troy ounces — the full
range of units encountered when reading historic inventory records, laboratory
reports, and customs documentation.
</p>
<p>
Length conversion between millimetres and inches is a routine need when gem
dimensions measured with a metric caliper must be communicated in markets that use
imperial measurements, or when a published cutting diagram gives proportions in
inches that must be scaled to millimetres before use in the carat estimator. The
conversion is straightforward (1&nbsp;inch = 25.4&nbsp;mm exactly), but having a
dedicated converter eliminates the mental arithmetic error that can occur when
managing multiple measurements at once.
</p>
<p>
Temperature conversion matters in two specific gemmological contexts. First, the
specific gravity calculation depends on the density of water at the temperature of
the liquid used during hydrostatic weighing: water is densest at 4&nbsp;&deg;C
(1.0000&nbsp;g/cm&sup3;) and becomes measurably less dense as temperature rises,
reaching 0.9957&nbsp;g/cm&sup3; at 30&nbsp;&deg;C. The SG calculator on the
Measurement page applies this water-density correction automatically, and the
temperature converter here lets you enter a Fahrenheit reading from a lab thermometer
and obtain the Celsius value needed for that correction. Second, some refractometer
reference tables and refractive index databases list temperature coefficients in
Fahrenheit; converting to Celsius before applying a temperature correction to an RI
reading ensures the adjustment is applied in the right direction and magnitude.
</p>
</div>
</details>

<ConversionTools client:load />
</div>
Expand Down
91 changes: 48 additions & 43 deletions src/pages/tools/identification.astro
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -34,49 +34,54 @@ const tools = [
</p>
</header>

<section class="prose prose-slate max-w-none mb-8">
<p>
Systematic gem identification follows a fixed sequence to avoid confirmation bias.
Start with non-destructive observations — colour, transparency, lustre — then move
to refractive index, then specific gravity, then the spectroscope if the RI falls in
an ambiguous range. Only after these quantitative steps should qualitative tests
(Chelsea filter, fluorescence) be applied to confirm or refute a working hypothesis.
This sequence matches the FGA Diploma practical examination protocol, and it matters
because qualitative tests are sensitive to treatment, coating, and imitation —
whereas RI and SG are intrinsic physical constants of the material itself.
</p>
<p>
The gem identifier on this page applies this logic directly. Enter the RI reading
from your refractometer, the SG value from hydrostatic weighing, the crystal system
if known from polariscope behaviour, and the optic character (singly refractive,
uniaxial, or biaxial). Each parameter constrains the search independently, and the
tool returns every family in the 96-entry mineral database that satisfies all the
criteria you supply simultaneously. You do not need to fill in every field — a single
RI reading already eliminates the majority of species, and adding SG typically
reduces the candidate list to three or fewer families. The underlying database
includes all 93 natural mineral families as well as 13 synthetic, 11 simulant, and
4 composite entries, so lookalike materials appear in the same results set as genuine
natural species.
</p>
<p>
Results are displayed with origin badges that immediately flag whether a matching
entry is a natural mineral, a lab-grown synthetic with the same chemical composition,
a simulant made from a different material, or a composite assembled stone. This
distinction is critical at the identification stage: a stone with an RI of 1.762 and
SG of 3.99 could be natural ruby, flux-grown synthetic ruby, or a garnet-topped
doublet — three very different commercial situations that require different follow-up
tests. Seeing all three in a single ranked results table prevents the common error
of stopping investigation once a plausible natural species is found.
</p>
<p>
After the identifier narrows the field, the results table provides direct links to
the relevant entries in the spectroscope band-matcher and UV fluorescence lookup, so
the next logical test is always one click away. This end-to-end workflow — from
first observation to a confirmed identification supported by multiple independent
properties — is the foundation of professional gemmological practice and the
standard taught at the Gemmological Association of Great Britain.
</p>
</section>
<details class="group mb-6 rounded-lg border border-slate-200 bg-slate-50 px-4 py-3 open:bg-white">
<summary class="cursor-pointer select-none text-sm font-medium text-crystal-700 hover:text-crystal-900 marker:text-slate-400">
About the identifier &amp; methodology
</summary>
<div class="prose prose-slate prose-sm mt-3 max-w-none">
<p>
Systematic gem identification follows a fixed sequence to avoid confirmation bias.
Start with non-destructive observations — colour, transparency, lustre — then move
to refractive index, then specific gravity, then the spectroscope if the RI falls in
an ambiguous range. Only after these quantitative steps should qualitative tests
(Chelsea filter, fluorescence) be applied to confirm or refute a working hypothesis.
This sequence matches the FGA Diploma practical examination protocol, and it matters
because qualitative tests are sensitive to treatment, coating, and imitation —
whereas RI and SG are intrinsic physical constants of the material itself.
</p>
<p>
The gem identifier on this page applies this logic directly. Enter the RI reading
from your refractometer, the SG value from hydrostatic weighing, the crystal system
if known from polariscope behaviour, and the optic character (singly refractive,
uniaxial, or biaxial). Each parameter constrains the search independently, and the
tool returns every family in the 96-entry mineral database that satisfies all the
criteria you supply simultaneously. You do not need to fill in every field — a single
RI reading already eliminates the majority of species, and adding SG typically
reduces the candidate list to three or fewer families. The underlying database
includes all 93 natural mineral families as well as 13 synthetic, 11 simulant, and
4 composite entries, so lookalike materials appear in the same results set as genuine
natural species.
</p>
<p>
Results are displayed with origin badges that immediately flag whether a matching
entry is a natural mineral, a lab-grown synthetic with the same chemical composition,
a simulant made from a different material, or a composite assembled stone. This
distinction is critical at the identification stage: a stone with an RI of 1.762 and
SG of 3.99 could be natural ruby, flux-grown synthetic ruby, or a garnet-topped
doublet — three very different commercial situations that require different follow-up
tests. Seeing all three in a single ranked results table prevents the common error
of stopping investigation once a plausible natural species is found.
</p>
<p>
After the identifier narrows the field, the results table provides direct links to
the relevant entries in the spectroscope band-matcher and UV fluorescence lookup, so
the next logical test is always one click away. This end-to-end workflow — from
first observation to a confirmed identification supported by multiple independent
properties — is the foundation of professional gemmological practice and the
standard taught at the Gemmological Association of Great Britain.
</p>
</div>
</details>

<IdentificationTools client:load />
</div>
Expand Down
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