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VMD-HT: Data-Adaptive Frequency Partitioning for Coda-Wave Interferometry

MATLAB implementation of VMD-HT, a dv/v estimator that pairs variational mode decomposition (VMD) with the Hilbert transform (HT). Instead of fixing the frequency support in advance (filter banks, wavelet grids), VMD-HT lets the data set the partition: the coda is resolved into narrowband modes whose center frequencies follow the signal's energy, each mode yields a phase-based dv/v, and an energy-weighted fusion combines them.

Chu, B., et al. (2026). Data-adaptive frequency partitioning for coda-wave interferometry using variational mode decomposition and the Hilbert transform.

Repository structure

VMD-HT-dvv/
├── src/                             # core method
│   └── dvv_vmd_hht.m                #   VMD-HT dv/v pipeline (+ dependencies)
├── tools/
│   └── vmd_adaptive_explorer.m      # K x alpha parameter exploration
├── examples/
│   ├── example_run_vmdht.m          # Example 1+2: synthetic benchmark + station AL201
│   ├── example_explore_parameters.m # Example 3: adaptive parameter exploration
│   ├── synth_example.mat            # synthetic coda pair (+0.05% ground truth)
│   ├── ZZ_AL201-AL201.txt           # daily ACFs at station AL201
│   └── data/daily/                  # multi-station ACFs
├── LICENSE
└── README.md

Requirements

  • MATLAB R2020b or later
  • Signal Processing Toolbox (butter, filtfilt, hilbert)

No other toolboxes are required.

Quick start

Clone the repository and run the examples from the examples/ folder:

cd examples
example_run_vmdht            % Examples 1 and 2
example_explore_parameters   % Example 3 (needs >= 3 stations in data/daily/)

Data

The ACF data at the Anninghe fault zone are from the dense-array deployment of Sun et al. (2025); only a small subset is redistributed here for the examples. The full data set is available from the original publication:

Sun, T., Yao, H., Yang, H., Yu, C., Luo, S., & Sheng, Y. (2025). Pronounced temporal velocity variations within the fault fracture zone in response to Earth tide modes. National Science Review, 12(4), nwaf023. doi: 10.1093/nsr/nwaf023

The synthetic data are generated with a 2-D elastic staggered-grid finite-difference code (von Kármán random medium, configuration after Mao et al., 2020, GJI).

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