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WalkthroughIntroduces a Spring REST controller in DemoController with a new GET /items endpoint. The items method accepts a sort request parameter, calls Class.forName on it, returns "ok", and declares throws Exception. No additional usage of the loaded class is present. Changes
Sequence Diagram(s)sequenceDiagram
autonumber
actor C as Client
participant DC as DemoController
participant J as JVM Reflection
C->>DC: GET /items?sort=<className>
DC->>J: Class.forName(sort)
alt Class found
J-->>DC: Class<?> loaded
DC-->>C: "ok"
else Class not found or error
J-->>DC: throws Exception
DC-->>C: Propagated error (exception)
end
Estimated code review effort🎯 2 (Simple) | ⏱️ ~10 minutes Pre-merge checks (2 passed, 1 warning)❌ Failed checks (1 warning)
✅ Passed checks (2 passed)
Poem
✨ Finishing touches
🧪 Generate unit tests
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🔐 Secure Code Review (AI)Risk Summary: High (1), Medium (1)
Safeguards Checklist:
The diff is small and focused, but the issues identified pose significant security risks that need to be addressed immediately. Models can make mistakes. Verify before merging. |
Micro-Learning Topic: Injection attack (Detected by phrase)Matched on "injection attack"Injection flaws, such as SQL, NoSQL, OS, and LDAP injection, occur when untrusted data is sent to an interpreter as part of a command or query. The attacker’s hostile data can trick the interpreter into executing unintended commands or accessing data without proper authorization. Source: https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Category:OWASP_Top_Ten_Project Try a challenge in Secure Code WarriorHelpful references
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Actionable comments posted: 2
🧹 Nitpick comments (1)
src/main/java/com/acme/DemoController.java (1)
4-4: Declare an explicit content type for the endpoint.Helps clients and avoids ambiguous defaults for String responses.
- @GetMapping("/items") + @GetMapping(value = "/items", produces = "text/plain")
📜 Review details
Configuration used: CodeRabbit UI
Review profile: CHILL
Plan: Pro
📒 Files selected for processing (1)
src/main/java/com/acme/DemoController.java(1 hunks)
🔇 Additional comments (1)
src/main/java/com/acme/DemoController.java (1)
1-9: Unsafe reflection — validate/whitelist or remove Class.forName(sort)DemoController.java calls Class.forName(sort) on an untrusted @RequestParam (src/main/java/com/acme/DemoController.java:1-9) — replace reflection with a whitelist or remove it.
Re-run a repo-wide scan (previous rg skipped files) to find other occurrences:
rg -nP -C2 --hidden --no-ignore 'Class\.forName\s*\(|ClassLoader\s*\.\s*getSystemClassLoader\s*\(' -g '!**/target/**' -g '!**/build/**'
| @@ -1,2 +1,9 @@ | |||
| // safe baseline | |||
| public class DemoController {} | |||
| import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; | |||
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Missing package declaration; class won’t compile under src/main/java/com/acme. Also replace wildcard import and add required imports.
Add the package and explicit imports (needed for the fix below).
+package com.acme;
-import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
+import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
+import java.util.Set;📝 Committable suggestion
‼️ IMPORTANT
Carefully review the code before committing. Ensure that it accurately replaces the highlighted code, contains no missing lines, and has no issues with indentation. Thoroughly test & benchmark the code to ensure it meets the requirements.
| import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; | |
| package com.acme; | |
| import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity; | |
| import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; | |
| import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; | |
| import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; | |
| import java.util.Set; |
🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
In src/main/java/com/acme/DemoController.java at lines 1-1, add the package
declaration "package com.acme;" at the top and replace the wildcard import with
explicit Spring MVC imports; e.g., import
org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import
org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import
org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import
org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping; import
org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import
org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody; and any other specific
annotations or types used in the file (plus import
org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity if you return ResponseEntity). Ensure
the package line is the first statement and only the needed imports are listed
instead of the wildcard.
| Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(sort); | ||
| return "ok"; |
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Uncontrolled reflection: Class.forName on user input is a critical vulnerability (classloader injection).
A user can cause arbitrary classes to load and run static initializers (DoS/side effects). Remove reflection and validate input via an allowlist, returning proper HTTP status.
- public String items(@RequestParam String sort) throws Exception {
- Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(sort);
- return "ok";
- }
+ public ResponseEntity<String> items(
+ @RequestParam(name = "sort", required = false, defaultValue = "name") String sort) {
+ // Allow-list acceptable sort keys only; do NOT reflectively load anything from user input.
+ Set<String> allowed = Set.of("name", "price", "createdAt");
+ if (!allowed.contains(sort)) {
+ return ResponseEntity.badRequest().body("invalid sort");
+ }
+ return ResponseEntity.ok("ok");
+ }📝 Committable suggestion
‼️ IMPORTANT
Carefully review the code before committing. Ensure that it accurately replaces the highlighted code, contains no missing lines, and has no issues with indentation. Thoroughly test & benchmark the code to ensure it meets the requirements.
| public String items(@RequestParam String sort) throws Exception { | |
| Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(sort); | |
| public ResponseEntity<String> items( | |
| @RequestParam(name = "sort", required = false, defaultValue = "name") String sort) { | |
| // Allow-list acceptable sort keys only; do NOT reflectively load anything from user input. | |
| Set<String> allowed = Set.of("name", "price", "createdAt"); | |
| if (!allowed.contains(sort)) { | |
| return ResponseEntity.badRequest().body("invalid sort"); | |
| } | |
| return ResponseEntity.ok("ok"); | |
| } |
🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
In src/main/java/com/acme/DemoController.java around lines 5-6, the code calls
Class.forName(sort) directly on user-provided input which enables uncontrolled
reflection and classloader injection; replace this by validating the incoming
'sort' parameter against a strict allowlist of permitted sort keys (e.g., map of
allowed names to concrete comparator/strategy classes or enums), do not call
Class.forName on raw input, and if the value is not in the allowlist return an
appropriate HTTP error (400 or 403) rather than loading a class; implement the
mapping server-side so only known, safe implementations are used and remove any
dynamic class loading or execution triggered by user input.
Micro-Learning Topic: External entity injection (Detected by phrase)Matched on "xxE"An XML External Entity attack is a type of attack against an application that parses XML input. This attack occurs when XML input containing a reference to an external entity is processed by a weakly configured XML parser. This attack may lead to the disclosure of confidential data, denial of service, server-side request forgery, port scanning from the perspective of the machine where the parser is located, and other system impacts. Try a challenge in Secure Code WarriorHelpful references
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1 participant
This PR intentionally adds risky patterns for testing ai-secure-code-review-action.
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