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The model will identify technological pathways to meet BC's energy decarbonization targets through electrification and utilization of alternate energy carriers (e.g. hydrogen) while considering the water, food and land-use implications of expanding the electricity supply in British Columbia (BC), Canada. The BC CLEWS model comprises three major components: water, food, energy (WFE), and their interactions with the BC climate (CO2 emissions). Most of the information on this wiki page is borrowed from the paper of the modelling team who developed the based model. Related publications related to this model are [1],[2].
This section provides general background information on the model's framework, the temporal and spatial resolution, and the technologies and commodities (fuels) used in the structure of the model.
an upgraded version of this model is under development to incorporate the following features:
- automate and streamline the input data supply chain and preparation.
- automate the temporal resolution scaling with temporal clustering approach.
- advancing hydropower and storage modelling. Updates could be tracked via BC_Combined_Modelling
The BC Nexus Model is built using the CLEWS (Climate, Land, Energy, Water Systems) framework and platform, which is an extension of the OSeMOSYS (the Open-Source energy MOdelling SYStem) energy modelling system. OSeMOSYS is a bottom-up linear modelling framework designed for long-term energy system cost optimization in specific regions. More information can be found at CLEWS GitHub page and OSeMOSYS page.
Currently, the model spatial resolution is limited to British Columbia (BC)'s geographical borders.
Example: Powerplant aggregation in the spatial region of BC
"In the BC Nexus model, temporal representation is a user-defined option and can be changed based on inquiry. This is especially important in the case of variable renewable energy (VRE) sources such as solar and wind, where the production at different times of the year and site locations are diverse" [1]. To represent the energy demand and supply, temporal resolution defines by two elements of "time slices" and "seasons" in the model. The demand and supply for other systems, e.g. agriculture and water, are on an annual basis.
In the reference version of the model (BASE Model), for the energy system, "temporal resolutions are simplified to the four seasons per year (Spring, Summer, Fall and Winter) and two day-splits of day and night to reduce computational complexity," as summarized below [1].
| Seasons | Spring (Mar 20-Jun19) |
Summer (Jun 20-Sep 21) |
Fall (Sep 22-Dec 20) |
Winter (Dec 21-Mar 19) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seasonal days | 93.00 | 93.00 | 90.00 | 89.00 |
To better capture time-sensitive parameters such daily fluctuation of renewable energy sources, each season presents as a single 24-hour day in the model, as shown below. Note that the information below is based on BC's specification in the base model and can be revised by a user based on their specific inquiries and assumptions:
| Time slicing | Day | Night | Day | Night | Day | Night | Day | Night |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ave. Seasonal hrs. | 13.90 | 10.10 | 15.36 | 8.64 | 10.00 | 14.00 | 8.75 | 15.25 |
| Daylight hours start (a.m.), end (p.m.) |
6 | 20 | 6 | 21 | 8 | 18 | 8 | 17 |
Although it looks like blocks due to high-density of datapoints in plots, but it is actually a bit different in representation. To explain the actual vs downscaled resolution of the load profile a typical day (24hrs) load profile has been shown (assume it as a zoomed in version of the plot above) below :
VRE Site Timeslice:
.png)
The following abbreviation and naming conventions are used to represent the commodities (e.g. fuels) and technologies in the model.
| Abbreviation/ naming conventions |
Description |
|---|---|
| IND | 'Industry', |
| RES | 'Residential', |
| COM | 'Commercial', |
| AGR | 'Agricultural', |
| TRA | 'Transport', |
| OTH | 'Other', |
| BIO | 'Biomass', |
| COA | 'Coal', |
| CRU | 'Crude oil', |
| DSL | 'Diesel', |
| ELC | 'Electricity' |
| ELC001 | 'Electricity from power plants', |
| ELC002 | 'Electricity from transmission', |
| ELCB01 | 'Electricity from power plants in region B', |
| ELCB02 | 'Electricity from transmission in region B', |
| GSL | 'Gasoline', |
| HFO | 'Heavy fuel oil', |
| NGS | 'Natural gas', |
| KER | 'Kerosene', |
| LPG | 'Liquefied petroleum gas', |
| OHC | 'Other hydrocarbons', |
| GEO | 'Geothermal', |
| HYD | 'Hydropower', |
| SOL | 'Solar', |
| WND | 'Wind', |
| CHC | 'Charcoal', |
| PCK | 'Petroleum coke', |
| JFL | 'Jet fuel', |
| URN | 'Uranium', |
| ALF | 'Alfalfa', |
| WHE | 'Wheat', |
| RAP | 'Rapeseed', |
| OAT | 'Oat', |
| BRL | 'Barley', |
| PEA | 'Dry pea', |
| MAI | 'Maize', |
| RYE | 'Rye', |
| PWT | 'White potato' |
| RYE | Rye' |
| PWT | 'White potato' |
| DEM | 'Demand' |
| PWR | 'Power plant' |
| LND | 'Land' |
| GWT | 'Groundwater' |
| SUR | 'Surface water' |
| IMP | 'Import' |
| EXP | 'Export' |
| MIN | 'Represent non-renewable resource mining technologies (e.g. coal, uranium)' |
| RNW | 'Represent renewable resource mining technologies (e.g. solar, water)' |
| RPP | 'Refined Petroleum Products' |
Any input element (such as fuels, water, and land) is going to be consumed by technology or if they feed a final demand. Also, demands for energy services are defined as fuels; e.g., a heating demand would be defined as a fuel. The list of commodities included in the base model is as follows and also can be located in the Resources folder under the file name FUEL.csv:
| Commodity (Fuel) | Description |
|---|---|
| AGRDSL | DSL input in AGR |
| AGRELCB02 | ELC input in AGR |
| AGRNGS | NGS input in AGR |
| AGRWATBC1 | Agricultural water for irrigation. |
| BIO | Biomass |
| COA | Coal |
| COMBIO | BIO input in COM |
| COMELCB02 | ELC input in COM |
| COMKER | KER input in COM |
| COMNGS | NGS input in COM |
| CRPALF | Crop ALF |
| CRPBRL | Crop BRL |
| CRPMAI | Crop MAI |
| CRPOAT | Crop OAT |
| CRPOTH | Crop OTH |
| CRPPEA | Crop PEA |
| CRPPTW | Crop PTW |
| CRPRAP | Crop RAP |
| CRPRYE | Crop RYE |
| CRPWHE | Crop WHE |
| CRU | Cruel oil |
| DSL | Diesel |
| ELCB01 | Electricity from power plants |
| ELCB02 | Electricity from the transmission |
| GEO | Geothermal |
| GSL | Gasoline |
| HFO | Heavy fuel oil |
| HYD | Hydro |
| INDBIO | BIO input in IND |
| INDDSL | DSL input In IND |
| INDELCB02 | ELC input in IND |
| INDNGS | NGS input in IND |
| JFL | Jet Fuel |
| KER | Kerosene |
| LALFHIBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo ALF Irrigation |
| LALFHRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo ALF Rain-fed |
| LALFIIBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo ALF Irrigation |
| LALFIRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo ALF Rain-fed |
| LALFLRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo ALF Rain-fed |
| LBARBC1 | Barren and sparsely vegetated land commodity in BC |
| LBC1 | Land resource in BC1. |
| LBLTBC1 | Built-up land commodity in BC1. |
| LBRLHIBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo BRL Irrigation |
| LBRLHRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo BRL Rain-fed |
| LBRLIIBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo BRL Irrigation |
| LBRLIRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo BRL Rain-fed |
| LBRLLRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo BRL Rain-fed |
| LFORBC1 | Forest land commodity in BC1. |
| LGRSBC1 | Grassland & woodland commodity in BC1. |
| LMAIHIBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo MAI Irrigation |
| LMAIHRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo MAI Rain-fed |
| LMAIIIBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo MAI Irrigation |
| LMAIIRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo MAI Rain-fed |
| LMAILRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo MAI Rain-fed |
| LND4PWR | Land density used for power generation based on technology |
| LOATHIBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo OAT Irrigation |
| LOATHRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo OAT Rain-fed |
| LOATIIBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo OAT Irrigation |
| LOATIRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo OAT Rain-fed |
| LOATLRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo OAT Rain-fed |
| LOTHBC1O | the agricultural land commodity in BC1. |
| LOTHHIBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo OTH Irrigation |
| LOTHHRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo OTH Rain-fed |
| LOTHIIBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo OTH Irrigation |
| LOTHIRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo OTH Rain-fed |
| LOTHLRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo OTH Rain-fed |
| LPEAHIBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo PEA Irrigation |
| LPEAHRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo PEA Rain-fed |
| LPEAIIBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo PEA Irrigation |
| LPEAIRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo PEA Rain-fed |
| LPEALRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo PEA Rain-fed |
| LPTWHIBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo PTW Irrigation |
| LPTWHRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo PTW Rain-fed |
| LPTWIIBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo PTW Irrigation |
| LPTWIRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo PTW Rain-fed |
| LPTWLRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo PTW Rain-fed |
| LRAPHIBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo RAP Irrigation |
| LRAPHRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo RAP Rain-fed |
| LRAPIIBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo RAP Irrigation |
| LRAPIRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo RAP Rain-fed |
| LRAPLRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo RAP Rain-fed |
| LRYEHIBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo RYE Irrigation |
| LRYEHRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo RYE Rain-fed |
| LRYEIIBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo RYE Irrigation |
| LRYEIRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo RYE Rain-fed |
| LRYELRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo RYE Rain-fed |
| LWATBC1 | Water bodies commodity in BC1. |
| LWHEHIBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo WHE Irrigation |
| LWHEHRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo WHE Rain-fed |
| LWHEIIBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo WHE Irrigation |
| LWHEIRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo WHE Rain-fed |
| LWHELRBC1 | Land resource commodity for crop combo WHE Rain-fed |
| NGS | Natural gas |
| PUBWATBC1 | Water lost to evapotranspiration. |
| PWRBIO | BIO input to PWR |
| PWRGEO | GEO input to PWR |
| PWRHYD | HYD input to PWR |
| PWRNGS | NGS input to PWR |
| PWRSOL | SOL input to PWR |
| PWRURN | URN input to PWR |
| PWRWATBC1 | WAT input to PWR |
| PWRWND | WND input to PWR |
| RESBIO | BIO |
| RESELCB02 | ELC input in RES |
| RESKER | KER input in RES |
| RESNGS | NGS input in RES |
| SOL | Solar |
| TRABIO | BIO input in the Transportation sector |
| TRADSL | DSL input in the Transportation sector |
| TRAELCB02 | ELC input in the Transportation sector |
| TRAGSL | GSL input in the Transportation sector |
| TRAHFO | HFO input in the Transportation sector |
| TRAJFL | JFL input in the Transportation sector |
| TRALPG | LPG input in the Transportation sector |
| TRANGS | NGS input in the Transportation sector |
| URN | Uranium |
| WND | Wind |
| WTREVTBC1 | Water lost to evapotranspiration. |
| WTRGRCBC1 | Water lost to evapotranspiration. |
| WTRPRCBC1 | Agricultural water for irrigation. |
| WTRSURBC1 | Agricultural water for irrigation. |
In CLEWS, technology includes any element that converts or consumes an input commodity (e.g. fuels or land) into another form (output), such as electricity or crops.
The list of technologies defined in the model can be located in the "Resources" folder under the file name "TECHNOLOGY.csv".
| Name (Abbreviation) | Description |
|---|---|
| DEMAGRDSL | Demand technology for DSL in Agriculture |
| DEMAGRELCB02 | Demand technology for electricity in Agriculture |
| DEMAGRGWTBC1 | Agricultural groundwater supply. |
| DEMAGRNGS | Demand technology for NGS in Agriculture |
| DEMAGRSURBC1 | Agricultural groundwater supply |
| DEMCOMBIO | Demand technology for BIO in the Commercial sector |
| DEMCOMELCB02 | Demand technology for electricity in the Commercial sector |
| DEMCOMKER | Demand technology for KER in the Commercial sector |
| DEMCOMNGS | Demand technology for NGS in the Commercial sector |
| DEMINDBIO | Demand technology for BIO in the industry sector |
| DEMINDDSL | Demand technology for DSL in the industry sector |
| DEMINDELCB02 | Demand technology for electricity in the industry sector |
| DEMINDNGS | Demand technology for NGS in the industry sector |
| DEMPUBGWTBC1 | Public demand for groundwater |
| DEMPUBSURBC1 | Public demand for surface water |
| DEMPWRBIO | Demand technology for BIO in the power sector |
| DEMPWRGEO | Demand technology for GEO in the power sector |
| DEMPWRHYD | Demand technology for HYD in the power sector |
| DEMPWRNGS | Demand technology for NGS in the power sector |
| DEMPWRSOL | Demand technology for SOL in the power sector |
| DEMPWRSURBC1 | Demand technology for surface water in the power sector |
| DEMPWRURN | Demand technology for URN in the power sector |
| DEMPWRWND | Demand technology for WND in the power sector |
| DEMRESBIO | Demand technology for BIO in the Residential sector |
| DEMRESELCB02 | Demand technology for electricity in the Residential sector |
| DEMRESKER | Demand technology for KER in the Residential sector |
| DEMRESNGS | Demand technology for NGS in the Residential sector |
| DEMTRABIO | Demand technology for BIO in the transportation sector |
| DEMTRADSL | Demand technology for DSL in the transportation sector |
| DEMTRAELCB02 | Demand technology for electricity in the transportation sector |
| DEMTRAGSL | Demand technology for GSL in the transportation sector |
| DEMTRAHFO | Demand technology for HFO in the transportation sector |
| DEMTRAJFL | Demand technology for JFL in the transportation sector |
| DEMTRALPG | Demand technology for LPG in the transportation sector |
| DEMTRANGS | Demand technology for NGS in the transportation sector |
| EXPBIO | Export BIO |
| EXPCOA | Export COA |
| EXPCRU | Export CRU |
| EXPNGS | Export NGS |
| IMPCOA | Import COA |
| IMPCRU | Import CRU |
| IMPDSL | Import DSL |
| IMPGSL | Import GSL |
| IMPHFO | Import HFO |
| IMPJFL | Import JFL |
| IMPKER | Import KER |
| IMPLPG | Import LPG |
| LNDAGRBC1C01 | Land resource in BC1. |
| LNDAGRBC1C02 | Land resource in BC1. |
| LNDAGRBC1C03 | Land resource in BC1. |
| LNDAGRBC1C04 | Land resource in BC1. |
| LNDAGRBC1C05 | Land resource in BC1. |
| LNDAGRBC1C06 | Land resource in BC1. |
| LNDAGRBC1C07 | Land resource in BC1. |
| LNDALFHIBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo ALF Irrigation |
| LNDALFHRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo ALF Rain-fed |
| LNDALFIIBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo ALF Irrigation |
| LNDALFIRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo ALF Rain-fed |
| LNDALFLRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo ALF Rain-fed |
| LNDBARBC1 | Barren and sparsely vegetated land technology in BC |
| LNDBLTBC1 | Built-up land technology in BC1. |
| LNDBRLHIBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo BRL Irrigation |
| LNDBRLHRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo BRL Rain-fed |
| LNDBRLIIBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo BRL Irrigation |
| LNDBRLIRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo BRL Rain-fed |
| LNDBRLLRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo BRL Rain-fed |
| LNDFORBC1 | Forest land technology in BC1. |
| LNDGRSBC1 | Grassland & woodland technology in BC1. |
| LNDMAIHIBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo MAI Irrigation |
| LNDMAIHRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo MAI Rain-fed |
| LNDMAIIIBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo MAI Irrigation |
| LNDMAIIRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo MAI Rain-fed |
| LNDMAILRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo MAI Rain-fed |
| LNDOATHIBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo OAT Irrigation |
| LNDOATHRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo OAT Rain-fed |
| LNDOATIIBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo OAT Irrigation |
| LNDOATIRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo OAT Rain-fed |
| LNDOATLRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo OAT Rain-fed |
| LNDOTHBC1O | agricultural land technology in BC1. |
| LNDOTHHIBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo OTH Irrigation |
| LNDOTHHRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo OTH Rain-fed |
| LNDOTHIIBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo OTH Irrigation |
| LNDOTHIRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo OTH Rain-fed |
| LNDOTHLRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo OTH Rain-fed |
| LNDPEAHIBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo PEA Irrigation |
| LNDPEAHRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo PEA Rain-fed |
| LNDPEAIIBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo PEA Irrigation |
| LNDPEAIRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo PEA Rain-fed |
| LNDPEALRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo PEA Rain-fed |
| LNDPTWHIBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo PTW Irrigation |
| LNDPTWHRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo PTW Rain-fed |
| LNDPTWIIBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo PTW Irrigation |
| LNDPTWIRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo PTW Rain-fed |
| LNDPTWLRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo PTW Rain-fed |
| LNDRAPHIBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo RAP Irrigation |
| LNDRAPHRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo RAP Rain-fed |
| LNDRAPIIBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo RAP Irrigation |
| LNDRAPIRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo RAP Rain-fed |
| LNDRAPLRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo RAP Rain-fed |
| LNDRYEHIBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo RYE Irrigation |
| LNDRYEHRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo RYE Rain-fed |
| LNDRYEIIBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo RYE Irrigation |
| LNDRYEIRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo RYE Rain-fed |
| LNDRYELRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo RYE Rain-fed |
| LNDWATBC1 | Water bodies technology in BC1. |
| LNDWHEHIBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo WHE Irrigation |
| LNDWHEHRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo WHE Rain-fed |
| LNDWHEIIBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo WHE Irrigation |
| LNDWHEIRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo WHE Rain-fed |
| LNDWHELRBC1 | Land resource technology for crop combo WHE Rain-fed |
| MINCOA | Mining supply COA |
| MINCRU | Mining supply CRU |
| MINLNDBC1 | Land supply in BC |
| MINNGS | Mining supply NGS |
| MINPRCBC1 | Agricultural groundwater supply |
| MINURN | Mining supply URN |
| PWRBIOB01 | Bio plant on B grid, PR Region (49 MW). |
| PWRBIOB02 | Bio plant on B grid, PG-J Region (184 MW). |
| PWRBIOB03 | Bio plant on B grid, VI Region (55 MW). |
| PWRBIOB04 | Bio plant on B grid, K-SE Region (270 MW). |
| PWRBIOB05 | Bio plant on B grid, LM Region (160 MW). |
| PWRBIOB06 | Bio plant on B grid for future expansions, (? MW). |
| PWRGEOB01 | Geothermal plant (Steam technology) on B grid, (? M) |
| PWRGEOB02 | Geothermal plant (Steam technology) on B grid, (? M) |
| PWRGEOB03 | Geothermal plant (Steam technology) on B grid, (? M) |
| PWRHYDB01 | Large hydro plant on B grid, PR Region (2730 MW). |
| PWRHYDB02 | Meduim-size hydro plant on B grid, PR Region (694) |
| PWRHYDB03 | Aggregated hydro plants on B grid, N Region (312 M) |
| PWRHYDB04 | Large hydro plant on B grid, PR-G Region (960 MW) |
| PWRHYDB05 | Aggregated hydro plants on B grid, PR_G Region (58 |
| PWRHYDB06 | Large hydro plant on B grid, PG-J Region (2746 MW) |
| PWRHYDB07 | Aggregated hydro plants on B grid, PG-J Region (36 |
| PWRHYDB08 | Aggregated hydro plants on B grid, VI Region (595.5 |
| PWRHYDB09 | Aggregated hydro plants on B grid, LM Region (2363 |
| PWRHYDB10 | Large hydro plant on B grid, K-SE Region (2480 MW) |
| PWRHYDB11 | Large hydro plant on B grid, K-SE Region (805 MW) |
| PWRHYDB12 | Aggregated hydro plants on B grid, K-SE Region (27 |
| PWRHYDB13 | Hydro plants on B grid for future expansions, (? MW) |
| PWRNGSB01 | Aggregated Natural gas power stations on grid B. |
| PWRSOLB01 | Solar plant on B grid, K-Se Region (1 MW). |
| PWRTRNB01 | Power transmission grid B |
| PWRURNB01 | Nuclear plant (OT technology) on B grid, (? MW). |
| PWRWNDB01 | wind plant on B grid, PR Region (144 MW). |
| PWRWNDB02 | wind plant on B grid, PR Region (102 MW). |
| PWRWNDB03 | wind plant on B grid, PR Region (142 MW). |
| PWRWNDB04 | wind plant on B grid, PR Region (180 MW). |
| PWRWNDB05 | wind plant on B grid, PR Region (15 MW). |
| PWRWNDB06 | wind plant on B grid, VI Region (99 MW). |
| PWRWNDB07 | wind plant on B grid, K-SE Region (15 MW). |
| PWRWNDB08 | wind plant on B grid, K-SE Region (15 MW). |
| PWRWNDB09 | Wind plant on B grid for future expansions, (? MW). |
| PWRWNDB10 | Wind plant on B grid for future expansions, (? MW). |
| PWRWNDB11 | Wind plant on B grid for future expansions, (? MW). |
The following table summarizes the unit values used to specify each element in the model:
| Parameter | Units in Model |
|---|---|
| energy(demand, use, and production) | Petajoules(PJ) |
| Residual capacity (existing capacity) | Gigawatts (GW) |
| Capital costs | '$/Kilowatt(kW) |
| Fixed costs | '$/Kilowatt(kW) per year |
| Variable costs | '$/Gigajoules(GJ) |
| Availability factor | % |
| Capacity factor | % |
| Capacity to activity Unit | |
| Emissions | tons |
| Emission activity ratio | kg/GJ = tons/PJ |
| Emission penalty | '$/kg = million $/tons |
| Land | 1000 square kilometres |
| Water | billion cubic meter |
| Land-use intensity | (1000 square kilometre)/PJ |
| Reserve margin | % |
The modes of operation refer to the different ways a technology can operate, determined by the mix of input fuels it can use and output products it can provide. For instance, a CHP power plant may switch from generating heat to generating electricity or both under different modes of operation.
The mode of operation has been defined vide the input datafile "MODE_OF_OPERATION.csv".
| Mode of Operation | Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | ALFHI and technology activities in the energy sector |
| 2 | ALFII |
| 3 | ALFHR |
| 4 | ALFIR |
| 5 | ALFLR |
| 6 | BARHI |
| 7 | BARII |
| 8 | BARHR |
| 9 | BARIR |
| 10 | BARLR |
| 11 | MAIHI |
| 12 | MAIII |
| 13 | MAIHR |
| 14 | MAIIR |
| 15 | MAILR |
| 16 | OATHI |
| 17 | OATII |
| 18 | OATHR |
| 19 | OATIR |
| 20 | OATLR |
| 21 | OTHHI |
| 22 | OTHII |
| 23 | OTHHR |
| 24 | OTHIR |
| 25 | OTHLR |
| 26 | PEAHI |
| 27 | PEAII |
| 28 | PEAHR |
| 29 | PEAIR |
| 30 | PEALR |
| 31 | PTWHI |
| 32 | PTWII |
| 33 | PTWHR |
| 34 | PTWIR |
| 35 | PTWLR |
| 36 | RAPHI |
| 37 | RAPII |
| 38 | RAPHR |
| 39 | RAPIR |
| 40 | RAPLR |
| 41 | RYEHI |
| 42 | RYEII |
| 43 | RYEHR |
| 44 | RYEIR |
| 45 | RYELR |
| 46 | WHEHI |
| 47 | WHEII |
| 48 | WHEHR |
| 49 | WHEIR |
| 50 | WHELR |
| 51 | Barren and sparsely vegetated land |
| 52 | Forest land |
| 53 | Grassland & woodland |
| 54 | Built-up land |
| 55 | Water bodies |
| 56 | Other agricultural lands |
Note for Abbreviation in the agriculture sector:
- HI – High Irrigation
- HR – High Rainfall
- II – Intermediate Irrigation
- IR - Intermediate Rainfall
- LR - Low Rainfall
Model structure explained here.
Step-by-Step guideline here
- Next recommended Read >
- Systems - Climate & Water | Land | Energy
- Model Structure | Modell Shell Building
[1] Electrification Policy Impacts on Land System in British Columbia, Canada; Nastaran Arianpoo, Md Eliasinul Islam, Andrew S. Wright, and Taco Niet, Aug 2024
[2] ELECTRIFICATION POLICY IMPACTS ON LAND SYSTEM IN BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA; Nastaran Arianpoo, Andrew S. Wright, and Taco Niet, March 2021
BC Nexus Model by Delta E+ Team is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
- About BC Nexus Model
- Naming Conventions | Parameter Units
- Systems - Climate & Water | Land | Energy
- Model Structure
- How to RUN the Model
- Recommended Learning Resources