Rebuild deterministic country data core

[DataTideHH]

Summary

• remove the Anthropic client, API-key configuration and generated country facts
• introduce a Flask application factory, blueprints and stable JSON error responses
• add an explicit World Bank ingestion client with timeout and source-shape validation
• separate live source retrieval from deterministic fixture-based refreshes
• persist normalized country metadata, population observations and ingestion runs in constrained SQLite tables
• add versioned API endpoints for health, country lists, country details and population history
• add a fixture-capable refresh-data Flask CLI command
• add 20 unit, persistence, route and CLI tests
• add required Python 3.12 CI jobs for Ubuntu and Windows
• rewrite the README and data-quality documentation around deterministic data integration

Validation target

• application and tests compile on Python 3.12
• all tests pass without live network access
• the Flask CLI builds a deterministic SQLite database from versioned fixtures on Ubuntu and Windows

Repository rename

After this change is merged, the repository should be renamed from flask-ai-country-api to flask-country-data-api so the public name matches the implementation.

[chatgpt-codex-connector]

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[chatgpt-codex-connector]

Reject fractional population values before storing them

When the source supplies a JSON number with a fractional component, such as 123.9, int(value) silently normalizes it to 123 rather than raising SourceValidationError. This lets malformed source data pass the stated integer validation and stores a corrupted population value; verify that numeric inputs are integral before converting them.

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