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88 changes: 63 additions & 25 deletions lib/recursive-methods.rb
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,49 +1,87 @@
# Authoring recursive algorithms. Add comments including time and space complexity for each method.

# Time complexity: ?
# Space complexity: ?
# Time complexity: O(n)
# Space complexity: O(n)
def factorial(n)
raise NotImplementedError, "Method not implemented"
raise ArgumentError if n < 0
return 1 if n == 1 || n == 0
return n * factorial(n - 1)
end

# Time complexity: ?
# Space complexity: ?
# Time complexity: O(n)
# Space complexity: O(n)
def reverse(s)
raise NotImplementedError, "Method not implemented"
return s if s.length <= 1
reversed_str = reverse(s[1..-1])

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s[1..-1] creates a new string of length n-2, which means your time and space complexities are going to be O(n^2)

reversed_str += s[0]
reversed_str
end

# Time complexity: ?
# Space complexity: ?
# Time complexity: O(n)
# Space complexity: O(1)
def reverse_inplace(s)
raise NotImplementedError, "Method not implemented"
return s if s.length < 1
return (s[-1] + reverse_inplace(s[0...-1]))

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This is not in place since you create a new string.

Think about making a helper which takes the string, a left index and right index. The base case is when left_index >= right_index Each recursive call you swap the characters at left_index or right_index and then make a recursive call with the string, and left_index + 1 and right_index -1.

end

# Time complexity: ?
# Space complexity: ?
# Time complexity: O(n)
# Space complexity: O(n)
def bunny(n)
raise NotImplementedError, "Method not implemented"
if n == 0
return 0
elsif n == 1
return 2
end
return 2 + bunny(n - 1)
end

# Time complexity: ?
# Space complexity: ?
# Time complexity: O(n)

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This is actually O(n^2)

# Space complexity: O(1)

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Space complexity will be O(n^2) due to the system stack and a new string on each level of the stack.

def nested(s)
raise NotImplementedError, "Method not implemented"
if s == ""
return true
elsif s.length == 1
return false
elsif s[0] == s[-1]
return false
else
return nested(s[1..-2])
end
end

# Time complexity: ?
# Space complexity: ?
# Time complexity: O(n)

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This is also O(n^2) for both space and time complexity.

# Space complexity: O(1)
def search(array, value)
raise NotImplementedError, "Method not implemented"
if array.empty?
return false
elsif array[0] == value
return true
else
return search(array[1..-1], value)
end
end

# Time complexity: ?
# Space complexity: ?
# Time complexity: O(n)

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O(n^2) for both time and space complexity. You could do it with O(n) using a helper method and current left_index and right_index parameters.

# Space complexity: O(1)
def is_palindrome(s)
raise NotImplementedError, "Method not implemented"
if s.length < 2
return true
elsif s[0] != s[-1]
return false
else
return is_palindrome(s[1..-2])
end
end

# Time complexity: ?
# Space complexity: ?
# Time complexity: O(n)
# Space complexity: O(1)

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Due to the system stack, the space complexity will be O(n)

def digit_match(n, m)
raise NotImplementedError, "Method not implemented"
end
if m == 0 || n == 0
return 0
end
if m % 10 == n % 10
return 1 + digit_match(n / 10, m / 10)
else
return digit_match(n / 10, m / 10)
end
end
82 changes: 40 additions & 42 deletions specs/recursion_writing_spec.rb
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
require 'minitest/autorun'
require 'minitest/reporters'
require "minitest/autorun"
require "minitest/reporters"
require "minitest/skip_dsl"
require_relative '../lib/recursive-methods'
require_relative "../lib/recursive-methods"

describe "factorial" do
it "will find the factorial of 0" do
Expand All @@ -23,8 +23,7 @@
answer = factorial(num)

# Assert
expect(answer).must_equal 5*4*3*2*1

expect(answer).must_equal 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1
end

it "will raise an ArgumentError if given a number not >= 0" do
Expand All @@ -38,7 +37,7 @@
end
end

xdescribe "reverse" do
describe "reverse" do
it "will reverse 'cat'" do
# Arrange
string = "cat"
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -83,8 +82,7 @@
end
end


xdescribe "reverse_in_place" do
describe "reverse_in_place" do
it "will reverse 'cat'" do
# Arrange
string = "cat"
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -129,7 +127,7 @@
end
end

xdescribe "bunny" do
describe "bunny" do
it "returns 0 for 0 bunnies" do
# Arrange
count = 0
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -164,7 +162,7 @@
end
end

xdescribe "nested" do
describe "nested" do
it "will return true for empystring" do
# Arrange
string = ""
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -210,7 +208,7 @@
end
end

xdescribe "search" do
describe "search" do
it "will return false for empty array" do
# Arrange
item = "a"
Expand All @@ -224,43 +222,43 @@
end

it "will return true when looking for something in the array" do
# Arrange
item = "a"
array = ["b", "c", "a"]
# Arrange
item = "a"
array = ["b", "c", "a"]

# Act
answer = search(array, item)
# Act
answer = search(array, item)

# Assert
expect(answer).must_equal true
# Assert
expect(answer).must_equal true
end

it "will return false when looking for something not in the array" do
# Arrange
item = "x"
array = ["b", "c", "a"]

# Act
answer = search(array, item)

# Assert
expect(answer).must_equal false
end

it "will return true when finding something at the front of the array" do
# Arrange
item = "b"
array = ["b", "c", "a"]
# Act
answer = search(array, item)
# Assert
expect(answer).must_equal true
end
end

it "will return true when finding something at the front of the array" do
# Arrange
item = "b"
array = ["b", "c", "a"]

# Act
answer = search(array, item)

# Assert
expect(answer).must_equal true
end
end

xdescribe "is_palindrome" do
describe "is_palindrome" do
it "will return true for emptystring" do
# Arrange
string = ""
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -295,7 +293,7 @@
end
end

xdescribe "digit_match" do
describe "digit_match" do
it "returns 4 for 1072503891 and 62530841" do
# Arrange
num1 = 1072503891
Expand All @@ -304,8 +302,8 @@
# Act
answer = digit_match(num1, num2)

# Assert
expect(answer).must_equal 4
# Assert
expect(answer).must_equal 4
end

it "returns 0 for nonmatching numbers" do
Expand All @@ -316,8 +314,8 @@
# Act
answer = digit_match(num1, num2)

# Assert
expect(answer).must_equal 0
# Assert
expect(answer).must_equal 0
end

it "returns 3 for 841 and 62530841" do
Expand All @@ -328,7 +326,7 @@
# Act
answer = digit_match(num1, num2)

# Assert
expect(answer).must_equal 3
# Assert
expect(answer).must_equal 3
end
end
end