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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
<title><![CDATA[RainySummer's New Blog]]></title>
<link href="http://blog.xd547.com/atom.xml" rel="self"/>
<link href="http://blog.xd547.com/"/>
<updated>2015-01-03T12:59:35+08:00</updated>
<id>http://blog.xd547.com/</id>
<author>
<name><![CDATA[RainySummer]]></name>
<email><![CDATA[RainySummer@gmail.com]]></email>
</author>
<generator uri="http://octopress.org/">Octopress</generator>
<entry>
<title type="html"><![CDATA[Octopress中一个神奇的bug－无法选中代码]]></title>
<link href="http://blog.xd547.com/blog/2014/10/18/a-mystical-bug-octopress/"/>
<updated>2014-10-18T21:05:00+08:00</updated>
<id>http://blog.xd547.com/blog/2014/10/18/a-mystical-bug-octopress</id>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>使用 OctoPress 作为 blog 的程序主要就是看中它的代码高亮的功能，但是它出现了一个神奇的bug。
无法选中代码（其实不是真的无法选中，后面说）。</p>
<p>描述：将代码高亮的主题从dark切换到light后，所有的代码高亮中的代码无法被选中。</p>
<p>发现：将代码高亮的代码切换回dark，bug消失。于是搜索代码中的 <code>@if $solarized == light</code> 。
反复确认后发现将 ｀_solarized.scss｀ 中的第31行注释后bug消失（当然样式不正确）。</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span>_solarized.scss</span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
<span class='line-number'>12</span>
<span class='line-number'>13</span>
<span class='line-number'>14</span>
<span class='line-number'>15</span>
<span class='line-number'>16</span>
<span class='line-number'>17</span>
<span class='line-number'>18</span>
<span class='line-number'>19</span>
<span class='line-number'>20</span>
<span class='line-number'>21</span>
<span class='line-number'>22</span>
<span class='line-number'>23</span>
<span class='line-number'>24</span>
<span class='line-number'>25</span>
<span class='line-number'>26</span>
<span class='line-number'>27</span>
<span class='line-number'>28</span>
<span class='line-number'>29</span>
<span class='line-number'>30</span>
<span class='line-number'>31</span>
<span class='line-number'>32</span>
<span class='line-number'>33</span>
<span class='line-number'>34</span>
<span class='line-number'>35</span>
<span class='line-number'>36</span>
<span class='line-number'>37</span>
<span class='line-number'>38</span>
<span class='line-number'>39</span>
<span class='line-number'>40</span>
<span class='line-number'>41</span>
<span class='line-number'>42</span>
<span class='line-number'>43</span>
<span class='line-number'>44</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='scss'><span class='line'><span class="nv">$base03</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mh">#002b36</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="c1">//darkest blue</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$base02</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mh">#073642</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="c1">//dark blue</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$base01</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mh">#586e75</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="c1">//darkest gray</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$base00</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mh">#657b83</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="c1">//dark gray</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$base0</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mh">#839496</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="c1">//medium gray</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$base1</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mh">#93a1a1</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="c1">//medium light gray</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$base2</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mh">#eee8d5</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="c1">//cream</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$base3</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mh">#fdf6e3</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="c1">//white</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="na">$solar-yellow</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mh">#b58900</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="na">$solar-orange</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mh">#cb4b16</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="na">$solar-red</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mh">#dc322f</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="na">$solar-magenta</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mh">#d33682</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="na">$solar-violet</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mh">#6c71c4</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="na">$solar-blue</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mh">#268bd2</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="na">$solar-cyan</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mh">#2aa198</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="na">$solar-green</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mh">#859900</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">$solarized</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="n">dark</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">@if</span> <span class="nv">$solarized</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">light</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">$_base03</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nv">$base03</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">$_base02</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nv">$base02</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">$_base01</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nv">$base01</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">$_base00</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nv">$base00</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">$_base0</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nv">$base0</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">$_base1</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nv">$base1</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">$_base2</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nv">$base2</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">$_base3</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nv">$base3</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">$base03</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nv">$_base3</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">$base02</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nv">$_base2</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">$base01</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nv">$_base1</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">$base00</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nv">$_base0</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">$base0</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nv">$_base00</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">$base1</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nv">$_base01</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">$base2</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nv">$_base02</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">$base3</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nv">$_base03</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="p">}</span>
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="cm">/* non highlighted code colors */</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="na">$pre-bg</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nv">$base03</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="na">$pre-border</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nf">darken</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$base02</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="na">$pre-color</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nv">$base1</span> <span class="nv">!default</span><span class="p">;</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>查看代码发现 <code>$base03</code> 被设置为白色（#fdf6e3），于是搜索 <code>$base03</code>，发现 <code>_syntax.scss</code> 的第31行（又是31）
下面单独列出相关的行</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='scss'><span class='line'><span class="nc">.gist</span> <span class="nc">.highlight</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nt">figure</span><span class="nc">.code</span> <span class="nc">.highlight</span> <span class="p">{</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="k">@include</span><span class="nd"> selection</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nf">adjust-color</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">$base03</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nv">$lightness</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">23</span><span class="kt">%</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nv">$saturation</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="mi">-65</span><span class="kt">%</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nv">$text-shadow</span><span class="o">:</span> <span class="nv">$base03</span> <span class="mi">0</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="p">);</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="p">}</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>看到这里就真相大白了，不是无法选中。而是选中颜色是 <strong>白色</strong> 而背景也是白色，于是 bug 就出现了，选中颜色和背景一样，
看起来就像没有选中。
暴力的将其注释掉。bug 解决。</p>
]]></content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title type="html"><![CDATA[如何在Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 上安装L2TP Server]]></title>
<link href="http://blog.xd547.com/blog/2014/06/19/how-to-install-l2tp-on-ubuntu-12-04/"/>
<updated>2014-06-19T15:20:00+08:00</updated>
<id>http://blog.xd547.com/blog/2014/06/19/how-to-install-l2tp-on-ubuntu-12-04</id>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<h3>安装必要组件</h3>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'>sudo apt-get install xl2tpd openswan ppp
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h3>IPSec / Openswan</h3>
<ul>
<li>拷贝下面内容到 <code>/etc/ipsec.conf</code>，
并把其中的<code>x.x.x.x</code>替换为你服务器的ip</li>
</ul>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
<span class='line-number'>12</span>
<span class='line-number'>13</span>
<span class='line-number'>14</span>
<span class='line-number'>15</span>
<span class='line-number'>16</span>
<span class='line-number'>17</span>
<span class='line-number'>18</span>
<span class='line-number'>19</span>
<span class='line-number'>20</span>
<span class='line-number'>21</span>
<span class='line-number'>22</span>
<span class='line-number'>23</span>
<span class='line-number'>24</span>
<span class='line-number'>25</span>
<span class='line-number'>26</span>
<span class='line-number'>27</span>
<span class='line-number'>28</span>
<span class='line-number'>29</span>
<span class='line-number'>30</span>
<span class='line-number'>31</span>
<span class='line-number'>32</span>
<span class='line-number'>33</span>
<span class='line-number'>34</span>
<span class='line-number'>35</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'>config setup
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">nat_traversal</span><span class="o">=</span>yes
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">virtual_private</span><span class="o">=</span>%v4:10.0.0.0/8,%v4:192.168.0.0/16,%v4:172.16.0.0/12,%v4:!10.152.2.0/24
</span><span class='line'> <span class="c">#contains the networks that are allowed as subnet= for the remote client. In other words, the address ranges that may live behind a NAT router through which a client connects.</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">oe</span><span class="o">=</span>off
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">protostack</span><span class="o">=</span>netkey
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>conn L2TP-PSK-NAT
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">rightsubnet</span><span class="o">=</span>vhost:%priv
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">also</span><span class="o">=</span>L2TP-PSK-noNAT
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>conn L2TP-PSK-noNAT
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">authby</span><span class="o">=</span>secret
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">pfs</span><span class="o">=</span>no
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">auto</span><span class="o">=</span>add
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">keyingtries</span><span class="o">=</span>3
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">rekey</span><span class="o">=</span>no
</span><span class='line'> <span class="c"># Apple iOS doesn't send delete notify so we need dead peer detection</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="c"># to detect vanishing clients</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">dpddelay</span><span class="o">=</span>30
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">dpdtimeout</span><span class="o">=</span>120
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">dpdaction</span><span class="o">=</span>clear
</span><span class='line'> <span class="c"># Set ikelifetime and keylife to same defaults windows has</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">ikelifetime</span><span class="o">=</span>8h
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">keylife</span><span class="o">=</span>1h
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nb">type</span><span class="o">=</span>transport
</span><span class='line'> <span class="c"># Replace IP address with your local IP (private, behind NAT IP is okay as well)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">left</span><span class="o">=</span>x.x.x.x
</span><span class='line'> <span class="c"># For updated Windows 2000/XP clients,</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="c"># to support old clients as well, use leftprotoport=17/%any</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">leftprotoport</span><span class="o">=</span>17/1701
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">right</span><span class="o">=</span>%any
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">rightprotoport</span><span class="o">=</span>17/%any
</span><span class='line'> <span class="c">#force all to be nat'ed. because of iOS</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nv">forceencaps</span><span class="o">=</span>yes
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<ul>
<li>拷贝下面内容到 <code>/etc/ipsec.secrets</code>，
并把其中的<code>x.x.x.x</code>替换为你服务器的ip</li>
</ul>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'>x.x.x.x %any: PSK <span class="s2">"somegoodpassword"</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<ul>
<li>开启ipsec服务</li>
</ul>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'>/etc/init.d/ipsec start
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<ul>
<li>执行下面脚本</li>
</ul>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="k">for </span>each in /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/*
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nb">echo </span>0 > <span class="nv">$each</span>/accept_redirects
</span><span class='line'><span class="nb">echo </span>0 > <span class="nv">$each</span>/send_redirects
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">done</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<ul>
<li>验证ipsec服务</li>
</ul>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'>sudo ipsec verify
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>不能出现任何错误</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
<span class='line-number'>12</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'>Checking your system to see <span class="k">if </span>IPsec got installed and started correctly:
</span><span class='line'>Version check and ipsec on-path <span class="o">[</span>OK<span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'>Linux Openswan U2.6.28/K2.6.32-32-generic-pae <span class="o">(</span>netkey<span class="o">)</span>
</span><span class='line'>Checking <span class="k">for </span>IPsec support in kernel <span class="o">[</span>OK<span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'>NETKEY detected, testing <span class="k">for </span>disabled ICMP send_redirects <span class="o">[</span>OK<span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'>NETKEY detected, testing <span class="k">for </span>disabled ICMP accept_redirects <span class="o">[</span>OK<span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'>Checking that pluto is running <span class="o">[</span>OK<span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'>Pluto listening <span class="k">for </span>IKE on udp 500 <span class="o">[</span>OK<span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'>Pluto listening <span class="k">for </span>NAT-T on udp 4500 <span class="o">[</span>OK<span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'>Checking <span class="k">for</span> <span class="s1">'ip'</span> <span class="nb">command</span> <span class="o">[</span>OK<span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'>Checking <span class="k">for</span> <span class="s1">'iptables'</span> <span class="nb">command</span> <span class="o">[</span>OK<span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'>Opportunistic Encryption Support <span class="o">[</span>DISABLED<span class="o">]</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<ul>
<li>创建<code>/etc/init.d/ipsec.vpn</code>的启动脚本</li>
</ul>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
<span class='line-number'>12</span>
<span class='line-number'>13</span>
<span class='line-number'>14</span>
<span class='line-number'>15</span>
<span class='line-number'>16</span>
<span class='line-number'>17</span>
<span class='line-number'>18</span>
<span class='line-number'>19</span>
<span class='line-number'>20</span>
<span class='line-number'>21</span>
<span class='line-number'>22</span>
<span class='line-number'>23</span>
<span class='line-number'>24</span>
<span class='line-number'>25</span>
<span class='line-number'>26</span>
<span class='line-number'>27</span>
<span class='line-number'>28</span>
<span class='line-number'>29</span>
<span class='line-number'>30</span>
<span class='line-number'>31</span>
<span class='line-number'>32</span>
<span class='line-number'>33</span>
<span class='line-number'>34</span>
<span class='line-number'>35</span>
<span class='line-number'>36</span>
<span class='line-number'>37</span>
<span class='line-number'>38</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="k">case</span> <span class="s2">"$1"</span> in
</span><span class='line'> start<span class="o">)</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"Starting my Ipsec VPN"</span>
</span><span class='line'>iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -s 10.152.2.0/24 -j MASQUERADE
</span><span class='line'><span class="nb">echo </span>1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">for </span>each in /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/*
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="k"> </span><span class="nb">echo </span>0 > <span class="nv">$each</span>/accept_redirects
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nb">echo </span>0 > <span class="nv">$each</span>/send_redirects
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">done</span>
</span><span class='line'>/etc/init.d/ipsec start
</span><span class='line'>/etc/init.d/xl2tpd start
</span><span class='line'>;;
</span><span class='line'>stop<span class="o">)</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"Stopping my Ipsec VPN"</span>
</span><span class='line'>iptables --table nat --flush
</span><span class='line'><span class="nb">echo </span>0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
</span><span class='line'>/etc/init.d/ipsec stop
</span><span class='line'>/etc/init.d/xl2tpd stop
</span><span class='line'>;;
</span><span class='line'>restart<span class="o">)</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"Restarting my Ipsec VPN"</span>
</span><span class='line'>iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -s 10.152.2.0/24 -j MASQUERADE
</span><span class='line'><span class="nb">echo </span>1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">for </span>each in /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/*
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">do</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="k"> </span><span class="nb">echo </span>0 > <span class="nv">$each</span>/accept_redirects
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nb">echo </span>0 > <span class="nv">$each</span>/send_redirects
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">done</span>
</span><span class='line'>/etc/init.d/ipsec restart
</span><span class='line'>/etc/init.d/xl2tpd restart
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>;;
</span><span class='line'> *<span class="o">)</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"Usage: /etc/init.d/ipsec.vpn {start|stop|restart}"</span>
</span><span class='line'> <span class="nb">exit </span>1
</span><span class='line'> ;;
</span><span class='line'><span class="k">esac</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>开启执行权限</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'>sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/ipsec.vpn
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>关闭默认的ipsec服务</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'>sudo update-rc.d -f ipsec remove
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>添加刚刚创建的服务</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'>sudo update-rc.d ipsec.vpn defaults
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h3>L2TP</h3>
<ul>
<li>拷贝下面内容到<code>/etc/xl2tpd/xl2tpd.conf</code></li>
</ul>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
<span class='line-number'>12</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'><span class="o">[</span>global<span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'>ipsec <span class="nv">saref</span> <span class="o">=</span> no
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'><span class="o">[</span>lns default<span class="o">]</span>
</span><span class='line'>ip <span class="nv">range</span> <span class="o">=</span> 10.152.2.2-10.152.2.254
</span><span class='line'><span class="nb">local </span><span class="nv">ip</span> <span class="o">=</span> 10.152.2.1
</span><span class='line'>require <span class="nv">chap</span> <span class="o">=</span> yes
</span><span class='line'>refuse <span class="nv">pap</span> <span class="o">=</span> yes
</span><span class='line'>require <span class="nv">authentication</span> <span class="o">=</span> yes
</span><span class='line'>ppp <span class="nv">debug</span> <span class="o">=</span> yes
</span><span class='line'><span class="nv">pppoptfile</span> <span class="o">=</span> /etc/ppp/options.xl2tpd
</span><span class='line'>length <span class="nv">bit</span> <span class="o">=</span> yes
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<ul>
<li>在<code>/etc/xl2tpd/l2tp-secrets</code>中创建验证字符串</li>
</ul>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'>* * exampleforchallengestring
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<ul>
<li>拷贝下面内容到<code>/etc/ppp/options.xl2tpd</code></li>
</ul>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
<span class='line-number'>12</span>
<span class='line-number'>13</span>
<span class='line-number'>14</span>
<span class='line-number'>15</span>
<span class='line-number'>16</span>
<span class='line-number'>17</span>
<span class='line-number'>18</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'>refuse-mschap-v2
</span><span class='line'>refuse-mschap
</span><span class='line'>ms-dns 8.8.8.8
</span><span class='line'>ms-dns 8.8.4.4
</span><span class='line'>asyncmap 0
</span><span class='line'>auth
</span><span class='line'>crtscts
</span><span class='line'>idle 1800
</span><span class='line'>mtu 1200
</span><span class='line'>mru 1200
</span><span class='line'>lock
</span><span class='line'>hide-password
</span><span class='line'><span class="nb">local</span>
</span><span class='line'><span class="c">#debug</span>
</span><span class='line'>name l2tpd
</span><span class='line'>proxyarp
</span><span class='line'>lcp-echo-interval 30
</span><span class='line'>lcp-echo-failure 4
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h3>添加用户</h3>
<p>－ 编辑文件<code>/etc/ppp/chap-secrets</code>这里和pptp是同一个文件</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'>user1 l2tpd chooseagoodpassword *
</span><span class='line'>user2 * chooseagoodpassword *
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h3>开启转发，配置过pptp则可跳过</h3>
<p>－ 编辑文件<code>/etc/sysctl.conf</code></p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'>net.ipv4.ip_forward<span class="o">=</span>1
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>执行</p>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'>sysctl -p
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h3>开启服务</h3>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'>sudo /etc/init.d/ipsec.vpn restart
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h3>开启防火墙端口，如果使用防火墙</h3>
<figure class='code'><figcaption><span></span></figcaption><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class='bash'><span class='line'>L2TP
</span><span class='line'>———————————
</span><span class='line'>UDP:500 <span class="o">(</span>isakmp<span class="o">)</span>
</span><span class='line'>UDP:4500 <span class="o">(</span>nat-t<span class="o">)</span>
</span><span class='line'>UDP:1701 <span class="o">(</span>l2tp<span class="o">)</span>
</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<h3>Mac连接</h3>
<ul>
<li>打开network preferences创建l2tp类型的vpn，填入服务器ip，用户名</li>
<li>验证里面password填上面设置的somegoodpassword</li>
<li>shared secret 填 exampleforchallengestring</li>
<li>iOS设备同理
<h1>Winter is coming</h1>
<p>来源:
<a href="https://help.ubuntu.com/community/L2TPServer">L2TPServer</a>,
<a href="http://www.xshell.net/networks/339.html">VPN端口号：PPTP、L2TP</a></p></li>
</ul>
]]></content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title type="html"><![CDATA[Swift学习笔记-2-函数和闭包]]></title>
<link href="http://blog.xd547.com/blog/2014/06/10/swift-learning-notes-2-functions-closures/"/>
<updated>2014-06-10T21:10:00+08:00</updated>
<id>http://blog.xd547.com/blog/2014/06/10/swift-learning-notes-2-functions-closures</id>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>使用<code>func</code>定义函数，通过函数名和参数列表来调用函数，
使用<code>-></code>分割参数列表和返回类型</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>func greet(name: String, day: String) -> String {
</span><span class='line'> return "Hello \(name), today is \(day)"
</span><span class='line'>}
</span><span class='line'>greet("Bob", "Tuesday")</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>使用元组（tuple）返回多个值</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>func getGasPrices -> (Double, Double, Double) {
</span><span class='line'> return (3.59, 3.69, 3.79)
</span><span class='line'>}
</span><span class='line'>// 还不知道如何获得返回值，会补上
</span><span class='line'>getGasPrices()</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>函数的变长参数会保存在指定名字的数组中</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>func sumOf(numbers:Int...) -> Int {
</span><span class='line'> var sum = 0
</span><span class='line'> for number in numbers {
</span><span class='line'> sum += number
</span><span class='line'> }
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> return sum
</span><span class='line'>}
</span><span class='line'>sumOf() // 0
</span><span class='line'>sumOf(42, 597, 12) // 651</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>可以使用嵌套函数，嵌套的函数可以访问它所嵌入函数中所的声明的变量。
函数太长或是太复杂的情况下可以使用嵌套函数来组织代码。</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>func returnFifteen() -> Int {
</span><span class='line'> var y = 0
</span><span class='line'> func add() {
</span><span class='line'> y += 5
</span><span class='line'> }
</span><span class='line'> add()
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> return y
</span><span class='line'>}
</span><span class='line'>returnFifteen() // 5</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>函数是一等类型，这意味着可以把函数当做另一个函数的返回值</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>// 返回类型的解释是：返回 一个接受整形参数返回整形的函数
</span><span class='line'>func makeIncrementer() -> (Int -> Int) {
</span><span class='line'> func addOne(number:Int) ->Int {
</span><span class='line'> return 1 + number
</span><span class='line'> }
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'> return addOne
</span><span class='line'>}
</span><span class='line'>var increment = makeIncrementer()
</span><span class='line'>increment(7) // 8</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>也意味着函数可以作为另一个函数的参数</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
<span class='line-number'>12</span>
<span class='line-number'>13</span>
<span class='line-number'>14</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>func hasAnyMathces(list:Int[], condition:Int -> Bool) -> Bool {
</span><span class='line'> for item in list {
</span><span class='line'> if condition(item) {
</span><span class='line'> return true
</span><span class='line'> }
</span><span class='line'> }
</span><span class='line'> return false
</span><span class='line'>}
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>func lessThanTen(number:Int) -> Bool {
</span><span class='line'> return number < 10
</span><span class='line'>}
</span><span class='line'>var numbers = [20, 19, 7, 12]
</span><span class='line'>hasAnyMathces(numbers, lessThanTen) // true</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>函数是闭包的特例，闭包没有名字，使用花括号（<code>{}</code>）包围，
使用<code>in</code>来分割参数列表返回类型与主体</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>...
</span><span class='line'>numbers.map({
</span><span class='line'> (number:Int) -> Int in
</span><span class='line'> let result = 3 * number
</span><span class='line'> return result
</span><span class='line'> })
</span><span class='line'>// [60, 57, 21, 36]</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>有几个方法可以简化闭包，当闭包的类型是已知时
（如：委托（delegate）的回调（callback）），可以省略参数的类型，
返回类型，返回语句。而返回值隐含的包含在闭包唯一的语句之中</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>// [60, 57, 21, 36]
</span><span class='line'>numbers.map({ number in 3 * number })</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>使用参数的序号代替参数名，即可写出超短的闭包，
闭包可以作为函数的最后一个参数</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>sort([1, 5, 3, 12, 2]) { $0 > $1 } // [12, 5, 3, 2, 1]</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
]]></content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title type="html"><![CDATA[Swift学习笔记-1-流程控制 ]]></title>
<link href="http://blog.xd547.com/blog/2014/06/05/swift-learning-notes-1-control-flow/"/>
<updated>2014-06-05T09:14:00+08:00</updated>
<id>http://blog.xd547.com/blog/2014/06/05/swift-learning-notes-1-control-flow</id>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>条件语句使用<code>if</code>，<code>switch</code>，循环使用<code>for-in</code>，<code>for</code>，<code>while</code>和<code>do-while</code>，
条件变量和循环变量的圆括号可选，条件体和循环体必须有花括号。</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
<span class='line-number'>12</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>let individualScores = [75, 43, 103, 87, 12]
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>var teamScore = 0
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>for score in individualScores {
</span><span class='line'> if score > 50 {
</span><span class='line'> teamScore += 3
</span><span class='line'> } else {
</span><span class='line'> teamScore += 1
</span><span class='line'> }
</span><span class='line'>}
</span><span class='line'>teamScore // 11</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p><code>if</code>语句中，条件必须是布尔表达式，也就是说<code>if socre { ... }</code>是错误的，
没有隐含的0比较.</p>
<p>一个变量可能没有值的时候，<code>if</code>和<code>let</code>可以一起使用，这些值通过
可选值（optional value）表示。一个可选值要么包含一个值，要么是<code>nil</code>，
在类型后面加问号（?）就可以把一个值标记为可选值</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>var optionalString: String? = "Hello"
</span><span class='line'>optionalString == nil
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>var optionalName: String? = "John Appleseed"
</span><span class='line'>//var optionalName: String? = nil
</span><span class='line'>var greeting = "Hello!"
</span><span class='line'>if let name = optionalName {
</span><span class='line'> greeting = "Hello, \(name)"
</span><span class='line'>} else {
</span><span class='line'> greeting = "Hello, world"
</span><span class='line'>}</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>可选值为<code>nil</code>条件的结果是<code>false</code>，用<code>let</code>声明的<code>name</code>的作用域
仅在<code>if-else</code>结构中</p>
<p><code>switch</code>可以使用任何种类的比较数据，而不只是整型数值和相等的比较</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>let vegetable = "red pepper"
</span><span class='line'>switch vegetable {
</span><span class='line'>case "celery":
</span><span class='line'> let vegetableComment = "Add some raisins and make ants on a log."
</span><span class='line'>case "cucumber", "watercress":
</span><span class='line'> let vegetableComment = "That would make a good tea sandwich"
</span><span class='line'>case let x where x.hasSuffix("pepper"):
</span><span class='line'> let vegetableComment = "Is it a spicy \(x)?"
</span><span class='line'>default:
</span><span class='line'> let vegetableComment = "Everything tastes good in soup"
</span><span class='line'>}</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>代码执行时如果<code>switch case</code>匹配，<code>switch</code>就会退出，不会执行后面的<code>case</code>，
所以不必要在每个<code>case</code>结束之后加入<code>break</code>
要注意的是在<code>switch</code>必须要有一个<code>default</code>，否则会报错</p>
<p>使用键值对在<code>for-in</code>遍历字典</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
<span class='line-number'>12</span>
<span class='line-number'>13</span>
<span class='line-number'>14</span>
<span class='line-number'>15</span>
<span class='line-number'>16</span>
<span class='line-number'>17</span>
<span class='line-number'>18</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>let interestingNumbers = [
</span><span class='line'> "Prime": [2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13],
</span><span class='line'> "Fibonacci": [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8],
</span><span class='line'> "Square": [1, 4, 9, 16, 25],
</span><span class='line'>]
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>var largest = 0;
</span><span class='line'>var largestKind = "";
</span><span class='line'>for (kind, numbers) in interestingNumbers {
</span><span class='line'> for number in numbers {
</span><span class='line'> if number > largest {
</span><span class='line'> largest = number
</span><span class='line'> largestKind = kind
</span><span class='line'> }
</span><span class='line'> }
</span><span class='line'>}
</span><span class='line'>largest // 25
</span><span class='line'>largestKind // Square</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>用<code>while</code>来执行一段代码直到条件改变，条件可以放在循环的最后（<code>do-while</code>），
来保证循环至少执行一次</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
<span class='line-number'>12</span>
<span class='line-number'>13</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>var n = 2
</span><span class='line'>while n < 100 {
</span><span class='line'> n = n * 2
</span><span class='line'>}
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>n // 128
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>var m = 2
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>do {
</span><span class='line'> m = m * 2
</span><span class='line'>} while m < 100
</span><span class='line'>m // 128</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>在循环中使用range<code>..</code>或是初始化，条件，增量的形式来获得索引</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
<span class='line-number'>5</span>
<span class='line-number'>6</span>
<span class='line-number'>7</span>
<span class='line-number'>8</span>
<span class='line-number'>9</span>
<span class='line-number'>10</span>
<span class='line-number'>11</span>
<span class='line-number'>12</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>var firstForLoop = 0
</span><span class='line'>for i in 0..3 {
</span><span class='line'> firstForLoop += i
</span><span class='line'>}
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>firstForLoop // 3
</span><span class='line'>
</span><span class='line'>var secondForLoop = 0
</span><span class='line'>for var i = 0; i < 3; ++i {
</span><span class='line'> secondForLoop += 1
</span><span class='line'>}
</span><span class='line'>secondForLoop // 3</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p><code>..</code>排除最后一个值
<code>...</code>包含最后一个值</p>
]]></content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title type="html"><![CDATA[Swift学习笔记-0]]></title>
<link href="http://blog.xd547.com/blog/2014/06/03/swift-learning-notes-0/"/>
<updated>2014-06-03T09:39:00+08:00</updated>
<id>http://blog.xd547.com/blog/2014/06/03/swift-learning-notes-0</id>
<content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>Apple在昨天的WWDC上发布了新的语言Swift，非常值得一学，
主要用来做书<a href="https://itunes.apple.com/us/book/the-swift-programming-language/id881256329?mt=11">The Swift Programming Language</a>
（iBooks）的笔记和一些自己的想法。</p>
<p>Hello,world不用载入其他的库，不需要main函数，不需要分号结尾</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>println("Hello， world")</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>用<code>var</code>声明变量，用<code>let</code>声明常量,
编译器根据变量和常量的赋值推断其类型</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>var myVariable = 42
</span><span class='line'>myVariable = 50
</span><span class='line'>let myConstant = 42</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>也可以显式的指定类型</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>let explicitDouble: Double = 70</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>不能隐式改变类型，要显式改变</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>let label = "The width is"
</span><span class='line'>let width = 94
</span><span class='line'>let widthLabel = label + String(width)</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p><code>\()</code>内嵌字符串</p>
<figure class='code'><div class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre class="line-numbers"><span class='line-number'>1</span>
<span class='line-number'>2</span>
<span class='line-number'>3</span>
<span class='line-number'>4</span>
</pre></td><td class='code'><pre><code class=''><span class='line'>let apples = 3
</span><span class='line'>let oranges= 5
</span><span class='line'>let appleSummary = "I have \(apples) apples."
</span><span class='line'>let fruitSummary = "I have \(apples + oranges) pieces of fruit."</span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></figure>
<p>下面这点让我开始喜欢Swift，数组（array）和字典（dictionary）