diff --git a/.github/workflows/deploy.yml b/.github/workflows/deploy.yml
index f218640..dca69d3 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/deploy.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/deploy.yml
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ name: Deploy
 
 on:
   workflow_dispatch:
-  push:
+  push: &trigger
     branches:
       - main
     paths:
@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ on:
       - "Dockerfile"
       - "requirements.txt"
       - "app/**"
-      # - "data/**"
       - "root/**"
       - "scripts/**"
+  pull_request: *trigger
   release:
     types:
       - published
@@ -71,4 +71,6 @@ jobs:
           tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
           labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
           target: prod
-          push: true
+
+          # pr에서는 테스트용이기 때문에 push하지 않음 (dry-run)
+          push: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/tests.yml b/.github/workflows/tests.yml
index 1939f3e..dd492ce 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/tests.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/tests.yml
@@ -29,7 +29,9 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install dependencies
         run: |
           python -m pip install --upgrade pip
-          if [ -f requirements.txt ]; then
+          if [ -f requirements-dev.txt ]; then
+            pip install -r requirements-dev.txt
+          elif [ -f requirements.txt ]; then
             pip install -r requirements.txt
           fi
 
diff --git a/Dockerfile b/Dockerfile
index 8a5bff6..d19d6ff 100644
--- a/Dockerfile
+++ b/Dockerfile
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ RUN uv venv $VIRTUAL_ENV
 
 # 운영용: 빌드
 FROM prod-base AS prod-build
-RUN apk add --no-cache gdal-dev gcc g++
 COPY requirements.txt .
 RUN uv pip install --no-cache -r requirements.txt
 
@@ -40,5 +39,4 @@ WORKDIR /app/scripts
 FROM base AS dev
 ENV APP_ENV=development
 ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1
-RUN apk add --no-cache gdal-dev gcc g++
 WORKDIR /app/scripts
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 891239c..0a26c59 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -23,6 +23,11 @@
 
 ## 설치
 
+> [!NOTE]
+> `requirements-dev.txt` 파일 지정 시
+> [테스트](#테스트) 및 [insert-data](#insert-data)
+> 작업에 사용되는 라이브러리까지 같이 설치됨
+
 나열된 목록을 한 번에 설치
 
 ```shell
@@ -54,7 +59,7 @@ fastapi dev app
 
 내장 명령어 목록 및 설명
 
-### create-user
+### create user
 
 데이터베이스에 사용자 추가
 
@@ -63,7 +68,11 @@ fastapi dev app
 docker exec -it <container_name> create-user <email> [name]
 ```
 
-### insert-data
+### insert data
+
+> [!IMPORTANT]
+> 도커 이미지 경량화를 위해 제거되었으며,
+> 파이썬으로 직접 파일을 실행할 수 있습니다.
 
 > [!IMPORTANT]
 > [url.txt](data/url.txt) 파일 내 구글 드라이브에서 모든 파일 다운로드
@@ -71,10 +80,11 @@ docker exec -it <container_name> create-user <email> [name]
 `data` 폴더 내 csv 파일 내 데이터를 데이터베이스에 삽입 (테이블 자동 생성)
 
 ```shell
-docker exec -it <container_name> insert-data
+python3 scripts/insert_data.py
+# docker exec -it <container_name> insert-data  # deprecated
 ```
 
-### insert-seeds
+### insert seeds
 
 > [!IMPORTANT]
 > `insert-data`가 먼저 수행되어야 함
@@ -88,10 +98,13 @@ docker exec -it <container_name> insert-data
 ```shell
 # num_of_recs 기본값: 30
 # num_of_users 기본값: 0
+
+python3 scripts/insert_seeds.py [num_of_recs] [num_of_users]
+# or
 docker exec -it <container_name> insert-seeds [num_of_recs] [num_of_users]
 ```
 
-### drop-seeds
+### drop seeds
 
 > [!NOTE]
 > 게스트 계정과 property_infrastructure 테이블 데이터는 삭제되지 않음
@@ -99,21 +112,25 @@ docker exec -it <container_name> insert-seeds [num_of_recs] [num_of_users]
 생성된 seed 데이터 삭제.
 
 ```shell
+python3 scripts/drop_seeds.py
+# or
 docker exec -it <container_name> drop-seeds
 ```
 
-### drop-tables
+### drop tables
 
 데이블 삭제
 
 ```shell
+python3 scripts/drop_tables.py [-y|--yes]
+# or
 docker exec -it <container_name> drop-tables [-y|--yes]
 ```
 
 연결된 데이터베이스의 모든 테이블 삭제.
 `-y` 또는 `--yes` 입력 시 삭제 여부를 묻지 않고 즉시 삭제함.
 
-### drop-to-seeds
+### drop to seeds
 
 `drop-tables`, `insert-data`, `insert-seeds`를 연속으로 실행하는 스크립트
 
diff --git a/requirements-dev.txt b/requirements-dev.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a0a5b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/requirements-dev.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+-r requirements.txt
+
+pytest
+pytest-cov
+geopandas
diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt
index b594e02..55a8fa7 100644
--- a/requirements.txt
+++ b/requirements.txt
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 fastapi[standard]
 itsdangerous
 scalar-fastapi
-pytest
-pytest-cov
 sqlalchemy          
 geoalchemy2
 pymysql             
@@ -10,4 +8,3 @@ argon2-cffi
 python-dotenv  
 cuid2
 redis
-geopandas
diff --git a/scripts/insert_data.py b/scripts/insert_data.py
old mode 100755
new mode 100644
index 97f40cd..a03686f
--- a/scripts/insert_data.py
+++ b/scripts/insert_data.py
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-#!/usr/bin/with-contenv python3
-
 import re
 import os
 import sys