diff --git a/Tests/test_file_xbm.py b/Tests/test_file_xbm.py
index 1988c417f6e..7b514ba7ea3 100644
--- a/Tests/test_file_xbm.py
+++ b/Tests/test_file_xbm.py
@@ -43,6 +43,111 @@ def test_pil151() -> None:
         assert im.size == (32, 32)
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("name", [b"basic_bits", b"basic_xbm", b"bitmap", b"_bitmap2"])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("hotspot", [False, True])
+def test_array_name(name: bytes, hotspot: bool) -> None:
+    data = PIL151.replace(b"basic_bits", name)
+    if hotspot:
+        data = data.replace(
+            b"static char", b"#define basic_x_hot 3\n#define basic_y_hot 7\nstatic char"
+        )
+
+    with Image.open(BytesIO(PIL151)) as expected, Image.open(BytesIO(data)) as im:
+        im.load()
+        assert im.mode == "1"
+        assert im.size == expected.size
+        assert im.tobytes() == expected.tobytes()
+        if hotspot:
+            assert im.info["hotspot"] == (3, 7)
+        else:
+            assert "hotspot" not in im.info
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("name", [b"basic_bits", b"bitmap"])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "suffix", [b"/* sample[] */", b"static char sample[] = {0xff};"]
+)
+def test_array_name_with_trailing_array(name: bytes, suffix: bytes) -> None:
+    data = (
+        b"#define basic_width 8\n#define basic_height 1\nstatic char "
+        + name
+        + b"[] = {0x55};\n"
+        + suffix
+    )
+    with Image.open(BytesIO(data)) as im:
+        assert im.tobytes() == b"\xaa"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("name", [b"basic_bits", b"bitmap"])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "comment",
+    [b"/* sample[] = {0xff}; */", b"/* sample[] example */", b"// sample[] = {0xff};"],
+)
+def test_array_name_with_header_comment(name: bytes, comment: bytes) -> None:
+    data = (
+        b"#define basic_width 8\n#define basic_height 1\n"
+        + comment
+        + b"\nstatic char "
+        + name
+        + b"[] = {0x55};\n"
+    )
+    with Image.open(BytesIO(data)) as im:
+        assert im.tobytes() == b"\xaa"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "prefix",
+    [
+        b"static char metadata[] = {0xff};",
+        b"extern char external[]; /* example 0xff */",
+        b'static const char label[] = "example";',
+        b'char *label = "/*";',
+    ],
+)
+def test_conventional_array_with_preceding_declaration(prefix: bytes) -> None:
+    data = (
+        b"#define basic_width 8\n#define basic_height 1\n"
+        + prefix
+        + b"\nstatic char basic_bits[] = {0x55};\n"
+    )
+    with Image.open(BytesIO(data)) as im:
+        assert im.tobytes() == b"\xaa"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "prefix",
+    [
+        b"extern char external[];",
+        b'static char label[] = "example";',
+        b'static char label[] = "/*";',
+        b'static char label[] = "sample[] = {0xff}";',
+        b'static char label[] = "\\"sample[] = {0xff}";',
+        b"static char label = '\\'';",
+    ],
+)
+def test_nonconventional_array_with_preceding_declaration(prefix: bytes) -> None:
+    data = (
+        b"#define basic_width 8\n#define basic_height 1\n"
+        + prefix
+        + b"\nstatic unsigned char bitmap[] = {0x55};\n"
+    )
+    with Image.open(BytesIO(data)) as im:
+        assert im.tobytes() == b"\xaa"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.timeout(3)
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("declaration", [b"", b"static char bitmap[] = {0x55};"])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("comment", [b"/**/", b"//"])
+def test_repeated_header_comments(declaration: bytes, comment: bytes) -> None:
+    data = b"#define basic_width 8\n#define basic_height 1\n" + comment * 60 + b"\n"
+    if declaration:
+        with Image.open(BytesIO(data + declaration)) as im:
+            assert im.tobytes() == b"\xaa"
+    else:
+        with pytest.raises(SyntaxError):
+            XbmImagePlugin.XbmImageFile(BytesIO(data))
+
+
 def test_open() -> None:
     # Arrange
     # Created with `convert hopper.png hopper.xbm`
@@ -74,6 +179,13 @@ def test_invalid_file() -> None:
         XbmImagePlugin.XbmImageFile(invalid_file)
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("declaration", [b"static char bitmap", b"static char []"])
+def test_missing_array_name_or_brackets(declaration: bytes) -> None:
+    data = b"#define basic_width 8\n#define basic_height 1\n" + declaration
+    with pytest.raises(SyntaxError):
+        XbmImagePlugin.XbmImageFile(BytesIO(data))
+
+
 def test_save_wrong_mode(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     im = hopper()
     out = tmp_path / "temp.xbm"
@@ -82,12 +194,12 @@ def test_save_wrong_mode(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
         im.save(out)
 
 
-def test_hotspot(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("hotspot", [None, (0, 7)])
+def test_hotspot(tmp_path: Path, hotspot: tuple[int, int] | None) -> None:
     im = hopper("1")
     out = tmp_path / "temp.xbm"
 
-    hotspot = (0, 7)
     im.save(out, hotspot=hotspot)
 
     with Image.open(out) as reloaded:
-        assert reloaded.info["hotspot"] == hotspot
+        assert reloaded.info.get("hotspot") == hotspot
diff --git a/docs/releasenotes/13.0.0.rst b/docs/releasenotes/13.0.0.rst
index b9906b7f19d..5be016ddb5a 100644
--- a/docs/releasenotes/13.0.0.rst
+++ b/docs/releasenotes/13.0.0.rst
@@ -134,6 +134,11 @@ escape sequences.
 Other changes
 =============
 
+XBM array names
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+XBM images can now be opened when their data array name does not end in ``_bits``.
+
 Python 3.15
 ^^^^^^^^^^^
 
diff --git a/src/PIL/XbmImagePlugin.py b/src/PIL/XbmImagePlugin.py
index 95729d73d8a..2c789fa231b 100644
--- a/src/PIL/XbmImagePlugin.py
+++ b/src/PIL/XbmImagePlugin.py
@@ -36,7 +36,11 @@
     b"#define[ \t]+[^_]*_x_hot[ \t]+(?P<xhot>[0-9]+)[\r\n]+"
     b"#define[ \t]+[^_]*_y_hot[ \t]+(?P<yhot>[0-9]+)[\r\n]+"
     b")?"
-    rb"[\000-\377]*_bits\[]"
+    rb"(?:[\000-\377]*_bits\[]|"
+    rb"(?:/\*(?:[^*]|\*(?!/))*\*/|//[^\r\n]*(?:[\r\n]|$)|"
+    rb'"(?:\\[\000-\377]|[^"\\])*"|'
+    rb"'(?:\\[\000-\377]|[^'\\])*'|/(?![/*])|[^/\"'])*?"
+    rb"[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*\[](?=\s*=\s*\{))"
 )