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OBJECTS

HTTP requests

//obvious methods
//return a response

REQUEST(URL, cookies:Dict[str,str], data:Dict|List[tuples]|string, headers:Dict[str,str], json:Dict, params:Dict[str,str]) :

  • cookies: send your own cookies to server
  • data :
    • for send functions, i.e. post, put
    • sends encrypted
  • headers : custom headers, passed like parameters;
    • notes: custom headers are given less importance than default ones;
    • i.e. if default are defined with same names, these ones are used;
    • custom headers are different from parameters: define info about cline (user-agent), server, comm. channel, resources metadata, debug info;
    • usually names in the form X-header
  • json : data sent as json
  • params : pass parameters (query) as params
    • implementation: adds params to URL as query;
    • if key==None, not added;

.delete(URL) :
.get(URL) :
.head(URL) : only receive headers;

  • useful when just want some metadata, not full response (if big file)

.options(URL) : list supported requests, in header Allow
.patch(URL) :
.post(URL, data={‘key’:’value’}) : send (more used) (for web forms)
(specific application header)
.put(URL, data={‘key’:’value’}) : send
note: this get doesn’t keep data, cookies, params… as a normal browser, but establishes a new connection every time. (use Session instead)

some headers

Accept : response format considered “acceptable” by client, in the form of a list, in order of preference, following the types MIME (defined by IANA)

  • = application/html
  • = application/json
  • = application/xml
  • = application/x-www-form-urlencoded : only and specifically used for web forms (once);
    • actually obsolete and substituted, when possible, by xml and json
      (more appropriate to send structured data);

Allow : allowed requests (returned by options() )

RESPONSE

// response object

content : response in bytes
cookies -> RequestsCookieJar : cookies used by site
encoding : encoding format

  • =”utf-8”|”ISO-8859-1”

headers : header
json :
text : response decoded as text
url : processed/sent url (e.g. added params)

OBJECTS

.RequestsCookieJar : acts like a dictionary, but also allows more operations

.Session : allows to keep an established connection (session), like a browser, thus keeping

  • data, cookies, parameters…

.Session.get() :