diff --git a/util/opentelemetry-util-genai/.changelog/634.added b/util/opentelemetry-util-genai/.changelog/634.added
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..70a580f69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/util/opentelemetry-util-genai/.changelog/634.added
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Add agent call count metrics on AgentInvocation.
diff --git a/util/opentelemetry-util-genai/src/opentelemetry/util/genai/_agent_invocation.py b/util/opentelemetry-util-genai/src/opentelemetry/util/genai/_agent_invocation.py
index a8bbb45ff..0584dab59 100644
--- a/util/opentelemetry-util-genai/src/opentelemetry/util/genai/_agent_invocation.py
+++ b/util/opentelemetry-util-genai/src/opentelemetry/util/genai/_agent_invocation.py
@@ -96,6 +96,9 @@ def __init__(
         self.input_tokens: int | None = None
         self.output_tokens: int | None = None
 
+        self.inference_calls: int | None = None
+        self.tool_calls: int | None = None
+
         self.input_messages: list[InputMessage] = []
         self.output_messages: list[OutputMessage] = []
         self.system_instruction: (
@@ -173,6 +176,22 @@ def _apply_finish(self, error: Error | None = None) -> None:
         )
         self._record_metrics()
 
+    def _record_call_metrics(
+        self, attributes: dict[str, AttributeValue]
+    ) -> None:
+        if self.inference_calls is not None:
+            self._instruments.invoke_agent_inference_calls.record(
+                self.inference_calls,
+                attributes=attributes,
+                context=self._span_context,
+            )
+        if self.tool_calls is not None:
+            self._instruments.invoke_agent_tool_calls.record(
+                self.tool_calls,
+                attributes=attributes,
+                context=self._span_context,
+            )
+
     @abstractmethod
     def _record_metrics(self) -> None:
         """Record invocation metrics."""
@@ -234,11 +253,13 @@ def _record_metrics(self) -> None:
             timeit.default_timer() - self._monotonic_start_s,
             0.0,
         )
+        attributes = self._get_metric_attributes()
         self._instruments.invoke_agent_duration.record(
             duration_seconds,
-            attributes=self._get_metric_attributes(),
+            attributes=attributes,
             context=self._span_context,
         )
+        self._record_call_metrics(attributes)
 
 
 class RemoteAgentInvocation(AgentInvocation):
@@ -375,5 +396,12 @@ def _get_metric_token_counts(self) -> dict[str, int]:
             )
         return counts
 
+    def _get_call_metric_attributes(self) -> dict[str, AttributeValue]:
+        attrs = dict(self._get_metric_attributes())
+        if self._agent_name is not None:
+            attrs[GenAI.GEN_AI_AGENT_NAME] = self._agent_name
+        return attrs
+
     def _record_metrics(self) -> None:
         self._record_client_metrics()
+        self._record_call_metrics(self._get_call_metric_attributes())
diff --git a/util/opentelemetry-util-genai/src/opentelemetry/util/genai/_instruments.py b/util/opentelemetry-util-genai/src/opentelemetry/util/genai/_instruments.py
index ed43e85a0..5068440ed 100644
--- a/util/opentelemetry-util-genai/src/opentelemetry/util/genai/_instruments.py
+++ b/util/opentelemetry-util-genai/src/opentelemetry/util/genai/_instruments.py
@@ -63,6 +63,10 @@
 _GEN_AI_EXECUTE_TOOL_DURATION: Final = "gen_ai.execute_tool.duration"
 _GEN_AI_INVOKE_WORKFLOW_DURATION: Final = "gen_ai.invoke_workflow.duration"
 _GEN_AI_INVOKE_AGENT_DURATION: Final = "gen_ai.invoke_agent.duration"
+_GEN_AI_INVOKE_AGENT_INFERENCE_CALLS: Final = (
+    "gen_ai.invoke_agent.inference_calls"
+)
+_GEN_AI_INVOKE_AGENT_TOOL_CALLS: Final = "gen_ai.invoke_agent.tool_calls"
 _GEN_AI_INVOKE_AGENT_DURATION_BUCKETS: Final = [
     0.1,
     0.2,
@@ -126,6 +130,22 @@ def __init__(self, meter: Meter) -> None:
             unit="s",
             explicit_bucket_boundaries_advisory=_GEN_AI_INVOKE_AGENT_DURATION_BUCKETS,
         )
+        self.invoke_agent_inference_calls: Histogram = meter.create_histogram(
+            name=_GEN_AI_INVOKE_AGENT_INFERENCE_CALLS,
+            description=(
+                "The number of inference (model) calls a GenAI agent makes"
+                " during a single invocation."
+            ),
+            unit="{inference_call}",
+        )
+        self.invoke_agent_tool_calls: Histogram = meter.create_histogram(
+            name=_GEN_AI_INVOKE_AGENT_TOOL_CALLS,
+            description=(
+                "The number of tool calls a GenAI agent makes during a single"
+                " invocation."
+            ),
+            unit="{tool_call}",
+        )
 
 
 __all__ = ["_Instruments"]
diff --git a/util/opentelemetry-util-genai/tests/test_handler_agent.py b/util/opentelemetry-util-genai/tests/test_handler_agent.py
index 18a0c5db6..558debdc2 100644
--- a/util/opentelemetry-util-genai/tests/test_handler_agent.py
+++ b/util/opentelemetry-util-genai/tests/test_handler_agent.py
@@ -731,6 +731,152 @@ def test_fail_agent_records_error_metric(self) -> None:
         )
         self.assertAlmostEqual(duration_point.sum, 1.0, places=3)
 
+    def test_agent_records_inference_and_tool_calls(self) -> None:
+        handler = TelemetryHandler(
+            tracer_provider=self.tracer_provider,
+            meter_provider=self.meter_provider,
+        )
+        invocation = handler.invoke_local_agent(
+            agent_name="SearchAgent",
+            request_model="gpt-4o",
+        )
+        invocation.inference_calls = 3
+        invocation.tool_calls = 5
+        invocation.stop()
+
+        metrics = self._harvest_metrics()
+
+        self.assertIn("gen_ai.invoke_agent.inference_calls", metrics)
+        inf_points = metrics["gen_ai.invoke_agent.inference_calls"]
+        self.assertEqual(len(inf_points), 1)
+        self.assertAlmostEqual(inf_points[0].sum, 3.0, places=3)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            inf_points[0].attributes[GenAI.GEN_AI_AGENT_NAME],
+            "SearchAgent",
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            inf_points[0].attributes[GenAI.GEN_AI_REQUEST_MODEL],
+            "gpt-4o",
+        )
+
+        self.assertIn("gen_ai.invoke_agent.tool_calls", metrics)
+        tool_points = metrics["gen_ai.invoke_agent.tool_calls"]
+        self.assertEqual(len(tool_points), 1)
+        self.assertAlmostEqual(tool_points[0].sum, 5.0, places=3)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            tool_points[0].attributes[GenAI.GEN_AI_AGENT_NAME],
+            "SearchAgent",
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            tool_points[0].attributes[GenAI.GEN_AI_REQUEST_MODEL],
+            "gpt-4o",
+        )
+
+    def test_agent_without_calls_does_not_record_call_metrics(self) -> None:
+        handler = TelemetryHandler(
+            tracer_provider=self.tracer_provider,
+            meter_provider=self.meter_provider,
+        )
+        invocation = handler.invoke_local_agent(agent_name="MinimalAgent")
+        invocation.stop()
+
+        metrics = self._harvest_metrics()
+        self.assertIn("gen_ai.invoke_agent.duration", metrics)
+        self.assertNotIn("gen_ai.invoke_agent.inference_calls", metrics)
+        self.assertNotIn("gen_ai.invoke_agent.tool_calls", metrics)
+
+    def test_agent_records_zero_calls(self) -> None:
+        handler = TelemetryHandler(
+            tracer_provider=self.tracer_provider,
+            meter_provider=self.meter_provider,
+        )
+        invocation = handler.invoke_local_agent(agent_name="ZeroAgent")
+        invocation.inference_calls = 1
+        invocation.tool_calls = 0
+        invocation.stop()
+
+        metrics = self._harvest_metrics()
+        self.assertIn("gen_ai.invoke_agent.inference_calls", metrics)
+        self.assertAlmostEqual(
+            metrics["gen_ai.invoke_agent.inference_calls"][0].sum,
+            1.0,
+            places=3,
+        )
+        self.assertIn("gen_ai.invoke_agent.tool_calls", metrics)
+        self.assertAlmostEqual(
+            metrics["gen_ai.invoke_agent.tool_calls"][0].sum,
+            0.0,
+            places=3,
+        )
+
+    def test_remote_agent_records_calls_with_server_attrs(self) -> None:
+        handler = TelemetryHandler(
+            tracer_provider=self.tracer_provider,
+            meter_provider=self.meter_provider,
+        )
+        invocation = handler.invoke_remote_agent(
+            provider="openai",
+            request_model="gpt-4o",
+            server_address="api.openai.com",
+            server_port=443,
+            agent_name="RemoteAgent",
+        )
+        invocation.inference_calls = 2
+        invocation.tool_calls = 1
+        invocation.stop()
+
+        metrics = self._harvest_metrics()
+        inf_points = metrics["gen_ai.invoke_agent.inference_calls"]
+        self.assertEqual(len(inf_points), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            inf_points[0].attributes["server.address"],
+            "api.openai.com",
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(inf_points[0].attributes["server.port"], 443)
+        self.assertEqual(
+            inf_points[0].attributes[GenAI.GEN_AI_PROVIDER_NAME],
+            "openai",
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            inf_points[0].attributes[GenAI.GEN_AI_AGENT_NAME],
+            "RemoteAgent",
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            inf_points[0].attributes[GenAI.GEN_AI_OPERATION_NAME],
+            "invoke_agent",
+        )
+        tool_points = metrics["gen_ai.invoke_agent.tool_calls"]
+        self.assertEqual(len(tool_points), 1)
+        self.assertAlmostEqual(tool_points[0].sum, 1.0, places=3)
+
+    def test_failed_agent_records_calls_with_error_type(self) -> None:
+        handler = TelemetryHandler(
+            tracer_provider=self.tracer_provider,
+            meter_provider=self.meter_provider,
+        )
+        invocation = handler.invoke_local_agent(agent_name="FailingAgent")
+        invocation.inference_calls = 2
+        invocation.fail(Error(message="boom", type="ValueError"))
+
+        metrics = self._harvest_metrics()
+        self.assertIn("gen_ai.invoke_agent.inference_calls", metrics)
+        inf_point = metrics["gen_ai.invoke_agent.inference_calls"][0]
+        self.assertEqual(inf_point.attributes.get("error.type"), "ValueError")
+        self.assertAlmostEqual(inf_point.sum, 2.0, places=3)
+
+    def test_agent_name_omitted_from_metrics_when_none(self) -> None:
+        handler = TelemetryHandler(
+            tracer_provider=self.tracer_provider,
+            meter_provider=self.meter_provider,
+        )
+        invocation = handler.invoke_local_agent()
+        invocation.inference_calls = 1
+        invocation.stop()
+
+        metrics = self._harvest_metrics()
+        inf_point = metrics["gen_ai.invoke_agent.inference_calls"][0]
+        self.assertNotIn(GenAI.GEN_AI_AGENT_NAME, inf_point.attributes)
+
     def _harvest_metrics(self):
         metrics = self.get_sorted_metrics()
         metrics_by_name = {}