diff --git a/server/index.ts b/server/index.ts
index 3ca2ca4ac..7f3d7e262 100644
--- a/server/index.ts
+++ b/server/index.ts
@@ -3620,7 +3620,7 @@ const server = createServer(async (req, res) => {
         } else return json(res, 400, { error: "pinnedMessageId must be a message id" });
       }
       if (section !== undefined) patch.section = section ?? undefined;
-      if (body.chiefOfStaff === false) patch.chiefOfStaff = false;
+      if (body.chiefOfStaff !== undefined) patch.chiefOfStaff = body.chiefOfStaff;
       // per-bot gate on the workspace's connected apps (Composio)
       if (body.composio !== undefined) {
         if (typeof body.composio !== "boolean") return json(res, 400, { error: "composio must be true or false" });
@@ -3689,18 +3689,8 @@ const server = createServer(async (req, res) => {
           ?.adapter.interruptTurn(existingBot.threadId)
           .catch(() => {});
       }
-      const chiefMovedSections =
-        Boolean(existingBot?.chiefOfStaff) &&
-        body.chiefOfStaff !== false &&
-        section !== undefined &&
-        sectionKey(existingBot?.section) !== sectionKey(section);
       const bot = store.patchBot(m[1], patch);
       if (!bot) return json(res, 404, { error: "no such bot" });
-      const chiefChanges =
-        body.chiefOfStaff === true || chiefMovedSections
-          ? store.setChiefOfStaff(bot.id)
-          : [];
-      if (chiefChanges === null) return json(res, 404, { error: "no such bot" });
       return json(res, 200, { bot: wireBot(store.bot(bot.id)!) });
     }
 
diff --git a/server/store.test.ts b/server/store.test.ts
index 181c88eab..9152ed4f8 100644
--- a/server/store.test.ts
+++ b/server/store.test.ts
@@ -238,6 +238,22 @@ describe("Store", () => {
     expect(reloaded.bot(second.id)?.chiefOfStaff).toBe(false);
   });
 
+  it("patches a Chief section change and handoff in one store operation", () => {
+    const store = new Store(selection);
+    const work = store.createBot({ section: "Work" });
+    const personal = store.createBot({ section: "Personal" });
+    store.setChiefOfStaff(work.id);
+    store.setChiefOfStaff(personal.id);
+
+    store.patchBot(work.id, { section: "Personal" });
+
+    expect(store.bot(work.id)?.chiefOfStaff).toBe(true);
+    expect(store.bot(personal.id)?.chiefOfStaff).toBe(false);
+    const reloaded = new Store(selection);
+    expect(reloaded.bot(work.id)?.chiefOfStaff).toBe(true);
+    expect(reloaded.bot(personal.id)?.chiefOfStaff).toBe(false);
+  });
+
   it("patchMessage merges card patches and returns null for unknown ids", () => {
     const store = new Store(selection);
     const bot = store.createBot();
diff --git a/server/store.ts b/server/store.ts
index 09027cd0e..89dd8a433 100644
--- a/server/store.ts
+++ b/server/store.ts
@@ -861,8 +861,17 @@ export class Store {
     const bot = this.bot(id);
     if (!bot) return null;
     Object.assign(bot, patch);
+    const changed = [bot];
+    if (bot.chiefOfStaff) {
+      const section = sectionKey(bot.section);
+      for (const candidate of this.bots) {
+        if (candidate.id === bot.id || !candidate.chiefOfStaff || sectionKey(candidate.section) !== section) continue;
+        candidate.chiefOfStaff = false;
+        changed.push(candidate);
+      }
+    }
     this.saveBots();
-    this.emit({ type: "bot", botId: id });
+    for (const candidate of changed) this.emit({ type: "bot", botId: candidate.id });
     return bot;
   }
 
diff --git a/src/App.tsx b/src/App.tsx
index 480922445..a96bd1db8 100644
--- a/src/App.tsx
+++ b/src/App.tsx
@@ -16,10 +16,12 @@ import { DesktopCapabilitiesProvider } from "@/components/DesktopCapabilities";
 import { RoutinesPage } from "@/components/RoutinesPage";
 import { NoEngines } from "@/components/NoEngines";
 import { CommandPalette } from "@/components/CommandPalette";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 import { SkillRecorderPage } from "@/components/SkillRecorderPage";
 
 function Shell() {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   // Mobile-only drawer state. Above md, none of these properties are emitted
   // at all — Sidebar scopes every mobile class with max-md: rather than
   // cancelling them with md:, which would still emit a translate value and
@@ -86,7 +88,7 @@ function Shell() {
       <button
         type="button"
         ref={menuButtonRef}
-        aria-label="Open bot list"
+        aria-label={t("Open bot list")}
         aria-expanded={drawerOpen}
         onClick={() => setDrawerOpen(true)}
         className="absolute left-3 top-3 z-30 rounded-md p-1.5 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink md:hidden"
@@ -121,11 +123,11 @@ function Shell() {
         <main className="flex h-full min-w-0 flex-1 flex-col items-center justify-center gap-3 bg-app text-ink-secondary">
           <Loader2 size={20} className="animate-spin" />
           <div className="text-[14px]">
-            {state.connected ? "No bots yet" : "Connecting to the bot server…"}
+            {state.connected ? t("No bots yet") : t("Connecting to the bot server…")}
           </div>
           {!state.connected && (
             <div className="text-[12px]">
-              Start it with <code className="rounded bg-raised px-1.5 py-0.5">pnpm dev:server</code>
+              {t("Start it with")} <code className="rounded bg-raised px-1.5 py-0.5">pnpm dev:server</code>
             </div>
           )}
         </main>
diff --git a/src/components/AndroidDevicePanel.tsx b/src/components/AndroidDevicePanel.tsx
index 6fe400324..adde88e57 100644
--- a/src/components/AndroidDevicePanel.tsx
+++ b/src/components/AndroidDevicePanel.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react";
 import { ArrowLeft, Circle, Loader2, RotateCcw, ShieldCheck, Smartphone, Usb } from "lucide-react";
 import type { AndroidDeviceInput, AndroidDeviceStatus, AndroidUsbDevice } from "@/types/ogb";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 
 type UnitPoint = { x: number; y: number };
 
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@ function deviceLabel(device: AndroidUsbDevice) {
 }
 
 export function AndroidDevicePanel({ status }: { status: AndroidDeviceStatus }) {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const bridge = window.ogb?.androidDevice;
   const authorized = status.devices.filter((device) => device.state === "device");
   const [serial, setSerial] = useState(authorized[0]?.serial ?? status.devices[0]?.serial ?? "");
@@ -196,7 +198,7 @@ export function AndroidDevicePanel({ status }: { status: AndroidDeviceStatus })
               <Smartphone size={16} className="text-success" /> {deviceLabel(selected)}
             </div>
             <div className="mt-1 text-[12px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
-              Connected directly over USB. The screen and controls stay on this computer.
+              {t("Connected directly over USB. The screen and controls stay on this computer.")}
             </div>
           </div>
           <span className="flex shrink-0 items-center gap-1 text-[11px] text-success">
@@ -211,7 +213,7 @@ export function AndroidDevicePanel({ status }: { status: AndroidDeviceStatus })
           >
             {status.devices.map((device) => (
               <option key={device.serial} value={device.serial}>
-                {deviceLabel(device)} · {device.state}
+                {deviceLabel(device)} · {t(device.state)}
               </option>
             ))}
           </select>
@@ -221,14 +223,14 @@ export function AndroidDevicePanel({ status }: { status: AndroidDeviceStatus })
       {!ready ? (
         <div className="rounded-xl border border-warning/25 bg-warning/10 p-4 text-[12px] leading-relaxed text-warning">
           {selected.state === "unauthorized"
-            ? "Unlock the Android phone, accept the “Allow USB debugging” prompt, and optionally choose Always allow from this computer."
-            : `The phone is ${selected.state}. Reconnect the USB cable and keep USB debugging enabled.`}
+            ? t("Unlock the Android phone, accept the “Allow USB debugging” prompt, and optionally choose Always allow from this computer.")
+            : t("The phone is {state}. Reconnect the USB cable and keep USB debugging enabled.", { state: selected.state })}
         </div>
       ) : (
         <>
           <div
             role="application"
-            aria-label={`Interactive Android screen for ${deviceLabel(selected)}`}
+            aria-label={t("Interactive Android screen for {name}", { name: deviceLabel(selected) })}
             tabIndex={0}
             onKeyDown={keyDown}
             onWheel={wheel}
@@ -268,7 +270,7 @@ export function AndroidDevicePanel({ status }: { status: AndroidDeviceStatus })
               <img
                 ref={imageRef}
                 src={frame}
-                alt={`${deviceLabel(selected)} screen`}
+                alt={t("{name} screen", { name: deviceLabel(selected) })}
                 draggable={false}
                 onLoad={(event) => {
                   setDimensions({
@@ -287,23 +289,23 @@ export function AndroidDevicePanel({ status }: { status: AndroidDeviceStatus })
               onClick={() => send({ type: "key", key: "back" })}
               className="flex items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-raised py-2 text-[12px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover"
             >
-              <ArrowLeft size={13} /> Back
+              <ArrowLeft size={13} /> {t("Back")}
             </button>
             <button
               onClick={() => send({ type: "key", key: "home" })}
               className="flex items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-raised py-2 text-[12px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover"
             >
-              <Circle size={12} /> Home
+              <Circle size={12} /> {t("Home")}
             </button>
             <button
               onClick={() => send({ type: "key", key: "recent" })}
               className="flex items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-raised py-2 text-[12px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover"
             >
-              <RotateCcw size={13} /> Recent
+              <RotateCcw size={13} /> {t("Recent")}
             </button>
           </div>
           <div className="text-center text-[11px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
-            Click to tap, drag or use a trackpad to scroll, and type after selecting a field.
+            {t("Click to tap, drag or use a trackpad to scroll, and type after selecting a field.")}
           </div>
         </>
       )}
@@ -316,26 +318,22 @@ export function AndroidDevicePanel({ status }: { status: AndroidDeviceStatus })
 
       <div className="rounded-xl bg-card p-4">
         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[13px] font-medium text-ink">
-          <Usb size={15} className="text-accent" /> First-time USB setup
+          <Usb size={15} className="text-accent" /> {t("First-time USB setup")}
         </div>
         <ol className="mt-2 list-decimal space-y-1.5 pl-4 text-[11.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
-          <li>Connect the phone with a data-capable USB cable and keep it unlocked.</li>
+          <li>{t("Connect the phone with a data-capable USB cable and keep it unlocked.")}</li>
           <li>
-            Enable Developer options by tapping <span className="text-ink">Build number</span> seven times in
-            About phone, then turn on <span className="text-ink">USB debugging</span>.
+            {t("Enable Developer options by tapping Build number seven times in About phone, then turn on USB debugging.")}
           </li>
           <li>
-            Accept <span className="text-ink">Allow USB debugging</span> on the phone. You can choose Always allow
-            for this trusted computer.
+            {t("Accept Allow USB debugging on the phone. You can choose Always allow for this trusted computer.")}
           </li>
         </ol>
         <div className="mt-2 text-[11px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
-          Agent control uses this same authorized USB connection. No phone companion app, account, Tailscale, or
-          wireless pairing is needed.
+          {t("Agent control uses this same authorized USB connection. No phone companion app, account, Tailscale, or wireless pairing is needed.")}
         </div>
         <div className="mt-2 rounded-lg bg-inset px-3 py-2 text-[11px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
-          Once connected, ask any compatible Maus to open an Android app or complete a task on your phone. The
-          bundled Phone Harness skill loads automatically for phone requests.
+          {t("Once connected, ask any compatible Maus to open an Android app or complete a task on your phone. The bundled Phone Harness skill loads automatically for phone requests.")}
         </div>
       </div>
     </div>
diff --git a/src/components/ApiKeys.tsx b/src/components/ApiKeys.tsx
index f61184458..13f557759 100644
--- a/src/components/ApiKeys.tsx
+++ b/src/components/ApiKeys.tsx
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { useEffect, useId, useRef, useState } from "react";
 import { Check, CircleHelp, ExternalLink, Loader2, TriangleAlert } from "lucide-react";
 import { api, useStore, type ConfigStatus } from "@/state/store";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 
 export type ConfigSection = "composio" | "box" | "opencodeGo";
 
@@ -67,6 +68,7 @@ const CREDENTIALS: Record<
 
 function CredentialHelp({ section }: { section: ConfigSection }) {
   const credential = CREDENTIALS[section];
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const [open, setOpen] = useState(false);
   const rootRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   const buttonRef = useRef<HTMLButtonElement>(null);
@@ -97,7 +99,7 @@ function CredentialHelp({ section }: { section: ConfigSection }) {
       <button
         ref={buttonRef}
         type="button"
-        aria-label={`About ${credential.label}`}
+        aria-label={t("About {label}", { label: t(credential.label) })}
         aria-expanded={open}
         aria-controls={popoverId}
         onClick={() => setOpen((current) => !current)}
@@ -109,14 +111,14 @@ function CredentialHelp({ section }: { section: ConfigSection }) {
         <div
           id={popoverId}
           role="group"
-          aria-label={`${credential.label} help`}
+          aria-label={t("{label} help", { label: t(credential.label) })}
           className="animate-pop-in absolute right-0 z-30 mt-1.5 w-[270px] rounded-xl border border-hairline bg-panel p-3 text-left shadow-2xl"
         >
-          <div className="text-[12px] leading-[1.45] text-ink-secondary">{credential.description}</div>
+          <div className="text-[12px] leading-[1.45] text-ink-secondary">{t(credential.description)}</div>
           {credential.warning && (
             <div className="mt-2 flex gap-1.5 rounded-lg border border-warning/25 bg-warning/10 px-2 py-1.5 text-[11px] leading-[1.4] text-warning">
               <TriangleAlert size={13} className="mt-px shrink-0" aria-hidden="true" />
-              <span>{credential.warning}</span>
+              <span>{t(credential.warning)}</span>
             </div>
           )}
           <a
@@ -126,7 +128,7 @@ function CredentialHelp({ section }: { section: ConfigSection }) {
             onClick={() => setOpen(false)}
             className="mt-2.5 flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[12px] font-medium text-accent hover:underline focus-visible:rounded-sm focus-visible:outline-none focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-accent/70"
           >
-            {credential.linkLabel}
+            {t(credential.linkLabel)}
             <ExternalLink size={12} aria-hidden="true" />
           </a>
         </div>
@@ -144,6 +146,7 @@ export function ApiKeyRow({
   onSaved?: (configured: boolean) => void;
 }) {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const [value, setValue] = useState("");
   const [saving, setSaving] = useState(false);
   const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -176,13 +179,13 @@ export function ApiKeyRow({
     <div>
       <div className="mb-1.5 flex items-center gap-2 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
         <span className={cn("size-1.5 rounded-full", configured ? "bg-success" : "bg-raised-hover")} />
-        <span>{credential.label}</span>
+        <span>{t(credential.label)}</span>
         {credential.optional && (
           <span className="rounded bg-control px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[10px] font-medium uppercase tracking-wide text-ink-secondary">
-            Optional
+            {t("Optional")}
           </span>
         )}
-        {configured && <span className="text-[11px] text-success">Connected</span>}
+        {configured && <span className="text-[11px] text-success">{t("Connected")}</span>}
         <CredentialHelp section={section} />
       </div>
       <div className="flex gap-2">
@@ -191,8 +194,8 @@ export function ApiKeyRow({
           value={value}
           onChange={(e) => setValue(e.target.value)}
           onKeyDown={(e) => e.key === "Enter" && save()}
-          placeholder={configured ? "••••••••  (paste to replace)" : credential.placeholder}
-          aria-label={credential.label}
+          placeholder={configured ? t("••••••••  (paste to replace)") : t(credential.placeholder)}
+          aria-label={t(credential.label)}
           autoComplete="off"
           className="w-full rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 bg-inset px-3 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:border-hairline focus:outline-none"
         />
@@ -206,9 +209,9 @@ export function ApiKeyRow({
               : "bg-control text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover",
             "disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-50",
           )}
-          title={clearing ? "Remove the saved key" : "Save"}
+          title={clearing ? t("Remove the saved key") : t("Save")}
         >
-          {saving ? <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" /> : clearing ? "Clear" : <><Check size={13} />Save</>}
+          {saving ? <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" /> : clearing ? t("Clear") : <><Check size={13} />{t("Save")}</>}
         </button>
       </div>
       {error && <div className="mt-1 text-[12px] text-danger">{error}</div>}
@@ -219,6 +222,7 @@ export function ApiKeyRow({
 /** Non-secret Docker-over-SSH target. Keys and passwords stay with SSH. */
 export function VpsConnection() {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const [alias, setAlias] = useState("");
   const [saving, setSaving] = useState(false);
   const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -248,24 +252,24 @@ export function VpsConnection() {
     <div>
       <div className="mb-1.5 flex items-center gap-2 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
         <span className={cn("size-1.5 rounded-full", configured ? "bg-success" : "bg-raised-hover")} />
-        <span>Self-hosted VPS</span>
+        <span>{t("Self-hosted VPS")}</span>
         <span className="rounded bg-control px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[10px] font-medium uppercase tracking-wide text-ink-secondary">
-          Optional
+          {t("Optional")}
         </span>
-        {configured && <span className="text-[11px] text-success">Connected</span>}
+        {configured && <span className="text-[11px] text-success">{t("Connected")}</span>}
       </div>
       <div className="mb-1.5 text-[12px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
-        SSH config alias for the Linux VPS. OpenMausBot uses your normal SSH config and agent; it does not store keys or passwords.{" "}
-        See the{" "}
+        {t("SSH config alias for the Linux VPS. OpenMausBot uses your normal SSH config and agent; it does not store keys or passwords.")}{" "}
+        {t("See the")}{" "}
         <a
           href="https://github.com/milind-soni/OpenMausBot/blob/main/docs/byo-vps.md"
           target="_blank"
           rel="noopener noreferrer"
           className="text-accent hover:underline"
         >
-          setup guide
+          {t("setup guide")}
         </a>{" "}
-        for the required SSH alias shape.
+        {t("for the required SSH alias shape.")}
       </div>
       <div className="flex gap-2">
         <input
@@ -274,7 +278,7 @@ export function VpsConnection() {
           onChange={(e) => setAlias(e.target.value)}
           onKeyDown={(e) => e.key === "Enter" && save()}
           placeholder="my-vps"
-          aria-label="Self-hosted VPS SSH config alias"
+          aria-label={t("Self-hosted VPS SSH config alias")}
           autoComplete="off"
           className="w-full rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 bg-inset px-3 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:border-hairline focus:outline-none"
         />
@@ -286,9 +290,9 @@ export function VpsConnection() {
             !alias.trim() && configured ? "bg-control text-danger hover:bg-raised-hover" : "bg-control text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover",
             "disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-50",
           )}
-          title={!alias.trim() && configured ? "Remove the saved alias" : "Save"}
+          title={!alias.trim() && configured ? t("Remove the saved alias") : t("Save")}
         >
-          {saving ? <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" /> : !alias.trim() && configured ? "Clear" : <><Check size={13} />Save</>}
+          {saving ? <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" /> : !alias.trim() && configured ? t("Clear") : <><Check size={13} />{t("Save")}</>}
         </button>
       </div>
       {error && <div className="mt-1 text-[12px] text-danger">{error}</div>}
diff --git a/src/components/BotProfileAvatarCard.tsx b/src/components/BotProfileAvatarCard.tsx
index 4cf1e8f16..1c392306b 100644
--- a/src/components/BotProfileAvatarCard.tsx
+++ b/src/components/BotProfileAvatarCard.tsx
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import {
   type BotAvatarCrop,
 } from "../../shared/bot-avatar";
 import { BotAvatar, MausAvatar } from "./Avatar";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 
 type AvatarPatch = Partial<
   Pick<Bot, "avatarCrop" | "avatarUrl" | "color" | "mascotExpression">
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ export function BotProfileAvatarCard({
   onPatch: (patch: AvatarPatch) => void;
 }) {
   const { state, dispatch, flushBotPatches } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const fileRef = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);
   const [uploading, setUploading] = useState(false);
   const [imageKey, setImageKey] = useState("");
@@ -129,12 +131,12 @@ export function BotProfileAvatarCard({
   return (
     <div className="overflow-hidden rounded-xl border border-hairline/40 bg-card">
       <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-hairline/40 px-3 py-2.5">
-        <span className="rounded-lg bg-control px-3 py-1.5 text-[14px] font-medium text-ink">Avatar</span>
+        <span className="rounded-lg bg-control px-3 py-1.5 text-[14px] font-medium text-ink">{t("Avatar")}</span>
         <button
           onClick={() => onPatch({ avatarCrop: "mascot", color: "green", mascotExpression: null })}
           className="rounded-md px-2 py-1.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-control hover:text-ink"
         >
-          Reset mascot
+          {t("Reset mascot")}
         </button>
       </div>
 
@@ -164,25 +166,25 @@ export function BotProfileAvatarCard({
             className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-control px-3 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-50"
           >
             {uploading ? <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" /> : <ImagePlus size={14} />}
-            Upload image
+            {t("Upload image")}
           </button>
           {bot.avatarUrl && (
             <button
               type="button"
               onClick={removeImage}
               disabled={uploading || generating}
-              aria-label="Remove custom avatar image"
-              title="Remove custom image"
+              aria-label={t("Remove custom avatar image")}
+              title={t("Remove custom image")}
               className="flex size-10 items-center justify-center rounded-lg text-ink-secondary hover:bg-control hover:text-danger disabled:opacity-50"
             >
               <Trash2 size={14} />
             </button>
           )}
         </div>
-        <div className="mt-1.5 text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">PNG, JPEG, GIF, or WebP · up to 10 MB</div>
+        <div className="mt-1.5 text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">{t("PNG, JPEG, GIF, or WebP · up to 10 MB")}</div>
 
         <div className="mb-2 mt-4 text-[12px] font-medium uppercase tracking-[0.08em] text-ink-secondary">
-          Shape
+          {t("Shape")}
         </div>
         <div className="grid grid-cols-4 overflow-hidden rounded-lg border border-hairline/40">
           {BOT_AVATAR_CROPS.map((candidate, index) => (
@@ -197,7 +199,7 @@ export function BotProfileAvatarCard({
                 crop === candidate ? "bg-control text-ink" : "text-ink-secondary hover:bg-control/60 hover:text-ink",
               )}
             >
-              {CROP_LABEL[candidate]}
+              {t(CROP_LABEL[candidate])}
             </button>
           ))}
         </div>
@@ -205,7 +207,7 @@ export function BotProfileAvatarCard({
         {crop === "mascot" && (
           <>
             <div className="mb-2 mt-4 text-[12px] font-medium uppercase tracking-[0.08em] text-ink-secondary">
-              Expression
+              {t("Expression")}
             </div>
             <div className="grid grid-cols-5 gap-2">
               {PICKABLE_STATES.map((expression) => (
@@ -218,8 +220,8 @@ export function BotProfileAvatarCard({
                     "flex h-[58px] items-center justify-center rounded-xl bg-inset transition-colors hover:bg-control",
                     activeState === expression && "ring-2 ring-accent-border",
                   )}
-                  title={expression}
-                  aria-label={`Use ${expression} expression`}
+                  title={t(expression)}
+                  aria-label={t("Use {expression} expression", { expression: t(expression) })}
                 >
                   <MausAvatar color={bot.color} state={expression} size={42} animated={false} />
                 </button>
@@ -227,7 +229,7 @@ export function BotProfileAvatarCard({
             </div>
 
             <div className="mb-2 mt-4 text-[12px] font-medium uppercase tracking-[0.08em] text-ink-secondary">
-              Color
+              {t("Color")}
             </div>
             <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-2.5">
               {MAUS_COLOR_NAMES.map((color) => (
@@ -241,8 +243,8 @@ export function BotProfileAvatarCard({
                     bot.color === color && "ring-2 ring-accent-border ring-offset-2 ring-offset-card",
                   )}
                   style={{ backgroundColor: MAUS_COLORS[color] }}
-                  title={color}
-                  aria-label={`Use ${color} mascot color`}
+                  title={t(color)}
+                  aria-label={t("Use {color} mascot color", { color: t(color) })}
                 />
               ))}
             </div>
@@ -251,10 +253,10 @@ export function BotProfileAvatarCard({
 
         <div className="mt-5 border-t border-hairline/40 pt-4">
           <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[13px] font-medium text-ink">
-            <Sparkles size={14} className="text-accent" /> Generate with GPT Image 2
+            <Sparkles size={14} className="text-accent" /> {t("Generate with GPT Image 2")}
           </div>
           <div className="mt-1 text-[11.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
-            Uses a low-quality square draft to keep cost down. OpenAI bills your API account.
+            {t("Uses a low-quality square draft to keep cost down. OpenAI bills your API account.")}
           </div>
 
           {!imageConfigured ? (
@@ -265,8 +267,8 @@ export function BotProfileAvatarCard({
                   value={imageKey}
                   onChange={(event) => setImageKey(event.target.value)}
                   onKeyDown={(event) => event.key === "Enter" && void saveImageKey()}
-                  placeholder="Paste OpenAI image API key"
-                  aria-label="OpenAI image API key"
+                  placeholder={t("Paste OpenAI image API key")}
+                  aria-label={t("OpenAI image API key")}
                   autoComplete="off"
                   className="min-w-0 flex-1 rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 bg-inset px-3 py-2 text-[12.5px] text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:border-hairline focus:outline-none"
                 />
@@ -276,10 +278,10 @@ export function BotProfileAvatarCard({
                   disabled={savingKey || !imageKey.trim()}
                   className="flex w-[72px] items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-control text-[12.5px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-50"
                 >
-                  {savingKey ? <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" /> : <><Check size={13} /> Save</>}
+                  {savingKey ? <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" /> : <><Check size={13} /> {t("Save")}</>}
                 </button>
               </div>
-              <div className="mt-1.5 text-[11px] text-ink-secondary">Stored in the operating system's encrypted credential store in the installed app.</div>
+              <div className="mt-1.5 text-[11px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Stored in the operating system's encrypted credential store in the installed app.")}</div>
             </div>
           ) : (
             <div className="mt-3">
@@ -287,8 +289,8 @@ export function BotProfileAvatarCard({
                 value={direction}
                 onChange={(event) => setDirection(event.target.value.slice(0, 400))}
                 maxLength={400}
-                placeholder={`Optional direction, e.g. “a calm navigator inspired by ${bot.title || bot.name}”`}
-                aria-label="Avatar generation direction"
+                placeholder={t("Optional direction, e.g. “a calm navigator inspired by {name}”", { name: bot.title || bot.name })}
+                aria-label={t("Avatar generation direction")}
                 className="min-h-[72px] w-full resize-none rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 bg-inset px-3 py-2 text-[12.5px] text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:border-hairline focus:outline-none"
               />
               <div className="mt-2 flex items-center justify-between gap-3">
@@ -300,19 +302,19 @@ export function BotProfileAvatarCard({
                   className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-accent px-3 py-1.5 text-[12.5px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110 disabled:opacity-50"
                 >
                   {generating ? <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" /> : <Sparkles size={13} />}
-                  {generating ? "Generating…" : "Generate avatar"}
+                  {generating ? t("Generating…") : t("Generate avatar")}
                 </button>
               </div>
               <details className="mt-3 rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 bg-inset px-3 py-2">
-                <summary className="cursor-pointer text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">Replace OpenAI image key</summary>
+                <summary className="cursor-pointer text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Replace OpenAI image key")}</summary>
                 <div className="mt-2 flex gap-2">
                   <input
                     type="password"
                     value={imageKey}
                     onChange={(event) => setImageKey(event.target.value)}
                     onKeyDown={(event) => event.key === "Enter" && void saveImageKey()}
-                    placeholder="Paste replacement key"
-                    aria-label="Replacement OpenAI image API key"
+                    placeholder={t("Paste replacement key")}
+                    aria-label={t("Replacement OpenAI image API key")}
                     autoComplete="off"
                     className="min-w-0 flex-1 rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 bg-card px-3 py-2 text-[12px] text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:border-hairline focus:outline-none"
                   />
@@ -322,7 +324,7 @@ export function BotProfileAvatarCard({
                     disabled={savingKey || !imageKey.trim()}
                     className="flex w-[72px] items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-control text-[12px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-50"
                   >
-                    {savingKey ? <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" /> : <><Check size={13} /> Save</>}
+                    {savingKey ? <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" /> : <><Check size={13} /> {t("Save")}</>}
                   </button>
                 </div>
               </details>
diff --git a/src/components/CallView.tsx b/src/components/CallView.tsx
index 9e17ad015..b466488b6 100644
--- a/src/components/CallView.tsx
+++ b/src/components/CallView.tsx
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ import { pendingApprovals } from "./PendingApproval";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
 import { track } from "@/lib/analytics";
 import { useDesktopCapabilities } from "./DesktopCapabilities";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 
 /** Spoken answers to a permission card. Anything else is read as a reply
  * to the bot, not as consent — an approval must never be granted by a
@@ -71,6 +72,7 @@ export function CallTargetButton({
   onStart: () => void;
 }) {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const { capabilities, ready: capabilitiesReady } = useDesktopCapabilities();
   const active = useOnCall() === targetId;
   const supported = capabilities.dictation.available && Boolean(window.ogb?.speechStart);
@@ -85,29 +87,29 @@ export function CallTargetButton({
   const buttonRef = useRef<HTMLButtonElement>(null);
   const helpId = useId();
   const label = active
-    ? `Hang up on ${targetName}`
+    ? t("Hang up on {name}", { name: targetName })
     : !capabilitiesReady
-      ? "Checking call availability"
+      ? t("Checking call availability")
       : !supported
-        ? "Calls currently need the macOS desktop app"
+        ? t("Calls currently need the macOS desktop app")
         : !configured
-          ? "Add an ElevenLabs key in an agent profile to make calls"
+          ? t("Add an ElevenLabs key in an agent profile to make calls")
           : !voiceReady
-            ? "Pick a voice in an agent profile to make calls"
-            : `Call ${targetName}`;
+            ? t("Pick a voice in an agent profile to make calls")
+            : t("Call {name}", { name: targetName });
 
   const reason = !capabilitiesReady
-    ? "Checking whether this device can make calls."
+    ? t("Checking whether this device can make calls.")
     : !capabilities.dictation.available
-      ? "Calls require OpenMausBot for macOS because speech recognition runs on-device."
+      ? t("Calls require OpenMausBot for macOS because speech recognition runs on-device.")
       : !window.ogb?.speechStart
-        ? "The speech service is unavailable in this app build. Restart or update OpenMausBot."
+        ? t("The speech service is unavailable in this app build. Restart or update OpenMausBot.")
         : !configured
-          ? "Add an ElevenLabs API key so the bot can speak during calls."
+          ? t("Add an ElevenLabs API key so the bot can speak during calls.")
           : !voiceReady
             ? voices.length > 1
-              ? "Give every channel member an ElevenLabs voice before starting a channel call."
-              : "Choose an ElevenLabs voice before starting a call."
+              ? t("Give every channel member an ElevenLabs voice before starting a channel call.")
+              : t("Choose an ElevenLabs voice before starting a call.")
             : "";
 
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -164,10 +166,10 @@ export function CallTargetButton({
         <div
           id={helpId}
           role="group"
-          aria-label="Call unavailable"
+          aria-label={t("Call unavailable")}
           className="animate-pop-in absolute right-0 z-30 mt-1.5 w-[280px] rounded-xl border border-hairline bg-panel p-3 text-left shadow-2xl"
         >
-          <div className="text-[13px] font-medium text-ink">Call unavailable</div>
+          <div className="text-[13px] font-medium text-ink">{t("Call unavailable")}</div>
           <div className="mt-1 text-[12px] leading-[1.45] text-ink-secondary">{reason}</div>
           {voiceSetupRequired && (
             <button
@@ -179,7 +181,7 @@ export function CallTargetButton({
               }}
               className="mt-2.5 rounded-lg bg-accent px-3 py-1.5 text-[12px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110"
             >
-              Open agent settings
+              {t("Open agent settings")}
             </button>
           )}
         </div>
@@ -196,6 +198,7 @@ export function CallOverlay({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
 
 function Call({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
   const { dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const speech = useSpeech();
   const initialPhase: Phase = bot.busy ? "working" : "listening";
   const [phase, setPhase] = useState<Phase>(initialPhase);
@@ -482,7 +485,7 @@ function Call({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
     <div className="absolute inset-0 z-30 flex flex-col items-center justify-center gap-6 bg-app/95 backdrop-blur-sm">
       <button
         onClick={() => endCall(bot.id)}
-        aria-label="Hang up"
+        aria-label={t("Hang up")}
         className="absolute right-5 top-5 rounded-md p-2 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
       >
         <X size={18} />
@@ -494,7 +497,7 @@ function Call({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
         <div className="text-[20px] font-medium text-ink">{bot.name}</div>
         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[13.5px] text-ink-secondary">
           {(phase === "working" || phase === "sending") && <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" />}
-          {status}
+          {t(status)}
         </div>
       </div>
 
@@ -503,7 +506,7 @@ function Call({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
         {phase === "listening" ? (
           heard || (
             <span className="text-ink-secondary">
-              {pushToTalk ? "Release Control + Option to send…" : "Say something…"}
+              {pushToTalk ? t("Release Control + Option to send…") : t("Say something…")}
             </span>
           )
         ) : (
@@ -513,12 +516,12 @@ function Call({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
 
       {note && (
         <div className="flex max-w-[460px] flex-col items-center gap-2 text-center text-[12.5px] text-warning">
-          <span>{note}</span>
+          <span>{t(note)}</span>
           <button
             onClick={listen}
             className="rounded-full border border-warning/40 px-3 py-1.5 text-[12px] hover:bg-warning/10"
           >
-            Try microphone again
+            {t("Try microphone again")}
           </button>
         </div>
       )}
@@ -534,19 +537,19 @@ function Call({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
             }}
             className="rounded-full border border-hairline/50 px-4 py-2 text-[13.5px] text-ink hover:bg-raised"
           >
-            Interrupt
+            {t("Interrupt")}
           </button>
         )}
         <button
           onClick={() => endCall(bot.id)}
           className="flex items-center gap-2 rounded-full bg-danger px-5 py-2.5 text-[14px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110"
         >
-          <PhoneOff size={16} /> Hang up
+          <PhoneOff size={16} /> {t("Hang up")}
         </button>
       </div>
 
       <div className="text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary/70">
-        Hold Control + Option to talk · Space interrupts · Esc hangs up
+        {t("Hold Control + Option to talk · Space interrupts · Esc hangs up")}
       </div>
     </div>
   );
diff --git a/src/components/ChatView.tsx b/src/components/ChatView.tsx
index 21b030c14..df3665997 100644
--- a/src/components/ChatView.tsx
+++ b/src/components/ChatView.tsx
@@ -62,33 +62,39 @@ import {
   resolveTranscriptWindow,
   tailWindowStart,
 } from "@/lib/transcript-window";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
+import type { TranslationValues } from "@/lib/i18n";
 import { timelineEvents } from "@/lib/taskTimeline";
 
+type Translate = (source: string, values?: TranslationValues) => string;
+
 /** Long user messages collapse behind a fade so pasted walls of text don't
  * bury the conversation; bots get full markdown. */
 const USER_COLLAPSE_CHARS = 600;
 const USER_COLLAPSE_LINES = 8;
 
 /** "Today" / "Yesterday" / "Mon, Aug 11" — real dates, not a hardcoded label. */
-function dayLabel(at: number): string {
+function dayLabel(at: number, locale: string, t: Translate): string {
   const d = new Date(at);
   const now = new Date();
   const startOfDay = (x: Date) => new Date(x.getFullYear(), x.getMonth(), x.getDate()).getTime();
   const diffDays = Math.round((startOfDay(now) - startOfDay(d)) / 86_400_000);
-  if (diffDays === 0) return "Today";
-  if (diffDays === 1) return "Yesterday";
-  return d.toLocaleDateString([], { weekday: "short", month: "short", day: "numeric" });
+  if (diffDays === 0) return t("Today");
+  if (diffDays === 1) return t("Yesterday");
+  return d.toLocaleDateString(locale, { weekday: "short", month: "short", day: "numeric" });
 }
 
 function DaySeparator({ at }: { at: number }) {
+  const { locale, t } = useI18n();
   return (
     <div className="py-3 text-center text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
-      {dayLabel(at)} {formatTime(at)}
+      {dayLabel(at, locale, t)} {formatTime(at, locale)}
     </div>
   );
 }
 
 function TaskTimeline({ messages, busy }: { messages: Message[]; busy: boolean }) {
+  const { locale, t } = useI18n();
   const [open, setOpen] = useState(false);
   const events = useMemo(() => timelineEvents(messages), [messages]);
   if (events.length === 0) return null;
@@ -101,7 +107,9 @@ function TaskTimeline({ messages, busy }: { messages: Message[]; busy: boolean }
         aria-expanded={open}
         className="flex w-full items-center justify-between rounded-lg px-2 py-1.5 text-left text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised/50 hover:text-ink"
       >
-        <span className="flex items-center gap-1.5"><ListTree size={14} /> Execution timeline{busy ? " · running" : ""}</span>
+        <span className="flex items-center gap-1.5">
+          <ListTree size={14} /> {t("Execution timeline")}{busy ? <> · {t("running")}</> : null}
+        </span>
         <ChevronDown size={14} className={cn("transition-transform", open && "rotate-180")} />
       </button>
       {open && (
@@ -121,9 +129,9 @@ function TaskTimeline({ messages, busy }: { messages: Message[]; busy: boolean }
                         : "bg-ink-secondary",
                 )}
               />
-              <span className="sr-only">{event.state}: </span>
-              <span className="truncate">{event.label}</span>
-              <time className="ml-auto shrink-0 text-[11px] text-ink-secondary/70">{formatTime(event.at)}</time>
+              <span className="sr-only">{t(event.state)}: </span>
+              <span className="truncate">{event.kind === "tool" ? event.label : t(event.label)}</span>
+              <time className="ml-auto shrink-0 text-[11px] text-ink-secondary/70">{formatTime(event.at, locale)}</time>
             </li>
           ))}
         </ol>
@@ -135,6 +143,7 @@ function TaskTimeline({ messages, busy }: { messages: Message[]; busy: boolean }
 /** Hover/focus-revealed copy control shared by user + bot bubbles. */
 function CopyButton({ text, className }: { text: string; className?: string }) {
   const [copied, setCopied] = useState(false);
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   return (
     <button
       onClick={() => {
@@ -142,8 +151,8 @@ function CopyButton({ text, className }: { text: string; className?: string }) {
         setCopied(true);
         setTimeout(() => setCopied(false), 1200);
       }}
-      aria-label="Copy message"
-      title="Copy message"
+      aria-label={t("Copy message")}
+      title={t("Copy message")}
       className={cn(
         "rounded-md p-1.5 text-ink-secondary opacity-0 transition-opacity hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink focus-visible:opacity-100 group-hover:opacity-100 group-focus-within:opacity-100",
         className,
@@ -158,6 +167,7 @@ function CopyButton({ text, className }: { text: string; className?: string }) {
  * Ephemeral — rendered only while the turn runs, dropped when it settles. */
 function ThinkingStrip({ text, active }: { text: string; active: boolean }) {
   const [open, setOpen] = useState(false);
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const tailRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   useEffect(() => {
     if (open) tailRef.current?.scrollTo({ top: tailRef.current.scrollHeight });
@@ -172,7 +182,7 @@ function ThinkingStrip({ text, active }: { text: string; active: boolean }) {
         >
           <Brain size={13} className="text-ink-secondary" />
           <span className={cn(active ? "thinking-shimmer animate-shimmer" : "text-ink-secondary")}>
-            {active ? "Thinking…" : "Thought process"}
+            {active ? t("Thinking…") : t("Thought process")}
           </span>
           <ChevronDown size={12} className={cn("text-ink-secondary transition-transform", open && "rotate-180")} />
         </button>
@@ -211,6 +221,7 @@ function ErrorRow({
   onRetry?: () => void;
   setupInstance?: InstanceInfo;
 }) {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   return (
     <div className="flex justify-start">
       <div className="max-w-[70%] rounded-xl border border-danger/30 bg-danger/10 px-3.5 py-2.5 text-[13.5px] text-danger">
@@ -227,7 +238,7 @@ function ErrorRow({
               onClick={onRetry}
               className="mt-1.5 flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-full border border-danger/30 px-2.5 py-1 text-[12.5px] hover:bg-danger/15"
             >
-              <RefreshCw size={12} /> Retry
+              <RefreshCw size={12} /> {t("Retry")}
             </button>
           )
         )}
@@ -267,6 +278,7 @@ function BubbleEditor({
   onSubmit: (text: string) => void;
 }) {
   const [draft, setDraft] = useState(initial);
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const ref = useRef<HTMLTextAreaElement>(null);
   useEffect(() => {
     const el = ref.current;
@@ -299,14 +311,14 @@ function BubbleEditor({
           onClick={onCancel}
           className="rounded-full px-3 py-1 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
         >
-          Cancel
+          {t("Cancel")}
         </button>
         <button
           onClick={submit}
           disabled={!draft.trim()}
           className="rounded-full bg-accent px-3 py-1 text-[13px] font-medium text-white disabled:opacity-40"
         >
-          Send
+          {t("Send")}
         </button>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -333,6 +345,7 @@ function Bubble({
   onRegenerate?: () => void;
 }) {
   const { dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { locale, t } = useI18n();
   const user = message.role === "user";
   const [expanded, setExpanded] = useState(false);
   const text = message.text ?? "";
@@ -365,9 +378,9 @@ function Bubble({
         {user && message.kind === "text" && !webhookView && !bot.busy && (
           <button
             onClick={onStartEdit}
-            aria-label="Edit message"
+            aria-label={t("Edit message")}
             className="rounded-md p-1.5 text-ink-secondary opacity-0 transition-opacity hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink focus-visible:opacity-100 group-hover:opacity-100 group-focus-within:opacity-100"
-            title="Edit message"
+            title={t("Edit message")}
           >
             <Pencil size={14} />
           </button>
@@ -382,12 +395,12 @@ function Bubble({
               patch: { pinnedMessageId: bot.pinnedMessageId === message.id ? "" : message.id },
             })
           }
-          aria-label={bot.pinnedMessageId === message.id ? "Unpin message" : "Pin message"}
+          aria-label={bot.pinnedMessageId === message.id ? t("Unpin message") : t("Pin message")}
           className="rounded-md p-1.5 text-ink-secondary opacity-0 transition-opacity hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink focus-visible:opacity-100 group-hover:opacity-100 group-focus-within:opacity-100"
           title={
             bot.pinnedMessageId === message.id
-              ? "Unpin this message"
-              : "Pin this message to the top of the thread"
+              ? t("Unpin this message")
+              : t("Pin this message to the top of the thread")
           }
         >
           {bot.pinnedMessageId === message.id ? <PinOff size={14} /> : <Pin size={14} />}
@@ -407,12 +420,12 @@ function Bubble({
             <div className="min-w-[300px] max-w-[520px]">
               <div className="flex items-center gap-2 border-b border-accent/15 bg-accent/[0.055] px-4 py-2.5 text-[11.5px] font-medium text-accent">
                 <Webhook size={13} />
-                <span>Webhook task</span>
+                <span>{t("Webhook task")}</span>
               </div>
               <div className="px-4 py-3 whitespace-pre-wrap">{webhookView.task}</div>
               {webhookView.payload && (
                 <details className="border-t border-hairline/30 bg-inset/25 px-4 py-2.5 text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">
-                  <summary className="cursor-pointer select-none hover:text-ink">View event payload</summary>
+                  <summary className="cursor-pointer select-none hover:text-ink">{t("View event payload")}</summary>
                   <pre className="mt-2 max-h-48 overflow-auto rounded-lg border border-hairline/25 bg-black/25 p-3 font-mono text-[10.5px] leading-relaxed whitespace-pre-wrap text-ink-secondary">{webhookView.payload}</pre>
                 </details>
               )}
@@ -432,7 +445,7 @@ function Bubble({
                     >
                       <img
                         src={`/api/attachments/${encodeURIComponent(attachmentBasename(path))}`}
-                        alt="Attached image"
+                        alt={t("Attached image")}
                         loading="lazy"
                         className="block max-h-[220px] w-full object-cover"
                       />
@@ -446,18 +459,18 @@ function Bubble({
                 {visibleText}
               </div>
               {message.steered && (
-                <div className="mt-1 text-[11px] text-ink-secondary/70" title="Sent while the bot was working — it saw this before its next step, inside the same turn.">
-                  sent mid-turn
+                <div className="mt-1 text-[11px] text-ink-secondary/70" title={t("Sent while the bot was working — it saw this before its next step, inside the same turn.")}>
+                  {t("sent mid-turn")}
                 </div>
               )}
               {collapsible && (
                 <button onClick={() => setExpanded(true)} className="mt-1 text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink">
-                  Show full message
+                  {t("Show full message")}
                 </button>
               )}
               {expanded && (
                 <button onClick={() => setExpanded(false)} className="mt-1 text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink">
-                  Show less
+                  {t("Show less")}
                 </button>
               )}
             </>
@@ -476,8 +489,8 @@ function Bubble({
             {isLastBotText && !bot.busy && onRegenerate && (
               <button
                 onClick={onRegenerate}
-                aria-label="Regenerate response"
-                title="Regenerate response"
+                aria-label={t("Regenerate response")}
+                title={t("Regenerate response")}
                 className="rounded-md p-1.5 text-ink-secondary opacity-0 transition-opacity hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink focus-visible:opacity-100 group-hover:opacity-100 group-focus-within:opacity-100"
               >
                 <RefreshCw size={14} />
@@ -492,14 +505,14 @@ function Bubble({
             user ? "order-first mr-1" : "ml-1",
           )}
         >
-          {formatTime(message.at)}
+          {formatTime(message.at, locale)}
         </span>
       </div>
       {/* busy-gated so a flag stranded by a server restart shows nothing */}
       {user && message.queued && bot.busy && (
         <div className="mt-1 flex items-center gap-1 pr-1 text-[11px] text-ink-secondary/70">
           <Clock size={11} aria-hidden="true" />
-          <span>Queued — sends when this turn finishes</span>
+          <span>{t("Queued — sends when this turn finishes")}</span>
         </div>
       )}
       <ReactionChips threadId={bot.threadId} message={message} align={user ? "right" : "left"} />
@@ -509,7 +522,7 @@ function Bubble({
             onClick={() => switchTo(versions[versionIndex - 1])}
             disabled={versionIndex <= 0 || bot.busy}
             className="rounded p-0.5 hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink disabled:opacity-30 disabled:hover:bg-transparent"
-            title="Previous version"
+            title={t("Previous version")}
           >
             <ChevronLeft size={14} />
           </button>
@@ -520,7 +533,7 @@ function Bubble({
             onClick={() => switchTo(versions[versionIndex + 1])}
             disabled={versionIndex >= versions.length - 1 || bot.busy}
             className="rounded p-0.5 hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink disabled:opacity-30 disabled:hover:bg-transparent"
-            title="Next version"
+            title={t("Next version")}
           >
             <ChevronRight size={14} />
           </button>
@@ -533,6 +546,7 @@ function Bubble({
 /** A tool run: spinner while live, check/cross once settled. */
 function ActivityChip({ message }: { message: Message }) {
   const { dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const tool = message.tool;
   if (!tool) return null;
   // bot⇄bot comm chip: opens the channel where the exchange lives
@@ -542,7 +556,7 @@ function ActivityChip({ message }: { message: Message }) {
       <div className="flex justify-start">
         <button
           onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "select", id: comm.groupId })}
-          title={`Open the conversation with ${comm.withName}`}
+          title={t("Open the conversation with {name}", { name: comm.withName })}
           className="flex items-center gap-2 rounded-full border border-hairline/40 bg-panel px-3 py-1.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
         >
           <MausAvatar color={comm.withColor} state="happy" size={16} />
@@ -575,11 +589,12 @@ function ActivityChip({ message }: { message: Message }) {
 }
 
 function ScreenFrame({ png, mime }: { png: string; mime?: string }) {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   return (
     <div className="flex justify-start">
       <img
         src={`data:${mime ?? "image/png"};base64,${png}`}
-        alt="Bot's screen"
+        alt={t("Bot's screen")}
         className="max-w-[70%] rounded-2xl border border-hairline/40"
       />
     </div>
@@ -606,14 +621,15 @@ function StreamingBubble({ text }: { text: string }) {
  * no React commit per second while a turn streams (upstream trick). */
 function WorkingTimer({ since }: { since: number }) {
   const ref = useRef<HTMLSpanElement>(null);
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   useEffect(() => {
     const tick = () => {
-      if (ref.current) ref.current.textContent = `Working for ${Math.max(0, Math.round((Date.now() - since) / 1000))}s`;
+      if (ref.current) ref.current.textContent = t("Working for {seconds}s", { seconds: Math.max(0, Math.round((Date.now() - since) / 1000)) });
     };
     tick();
     const timer = setInterval(tick, 1000);
     return () => clearInterval(timer);
-  }, [since]);
+  }, [since, t]);
   return <span ref={ref} className="text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary" />;
 }
 
@@ -651,6 +667,7 @@ const MessagesList = memo(function MessagesList({
   onRegenerate: () => void;
 }) {
   const { dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   return (
     <>
       {messages.length === 0 && !bot.busy && (
@@ -663,7 +680,7 @@ const MessagesList = memo(function MessagesList({
             inputClassName="rounded bg-inset px-1.5 py-0.5 text-center text-[17px] font-semibold"
           />
           <div className="max-w-[360px] text-[14px] text-ink-secondary">
-            {bot.description || "Send a message to start the conversation."}
+            {bot.description || t("Send a message to start the conversation.")}
           </div>
         </div>
       )}
@@ -738,10 +755,11 @@ function PinnedBanner({
   onJump: (messageId: string) => void;
   onUnpin: () => void;
 }) {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const pinned = messages.find((m) => m.id === pinnedId);
   if (!pinned || pinned.kind !== "text") return null;
   const sender =
-    pinned.role === "user" ? "You" : (pinned.from?.name ?? bot.name);
+    pinned.role === "user" ? t("You") : (pinned.from?.name ?? bot.name);
   const text = (pinned.text ?? "").replace(/\s+/g, " ").trim();
   if (!text) return null;
   return (
@@ -751,15 +769,15 @@ function PinnedBanner({
         <button
           onClick={() => onJump(pinned.id)}
           className="flex min-w-0 flex-1 items-baseline gap-2 text-left"
-          title="Jump to the pinned message"
+          title={t("Jump to the pinned message")}
         >
           <span className="shrink-0 text-[11.5px] font-medium text-accent">{sender}</span>
           <span className="truncate text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary">{text}</span>
         </button>
         <button
           onClick={onUnpin}
-          aria-label="Unpin message"
-          title="Unpin"
+          aria-label={t("Unpin message")}
+          title={t("Unpin")}
           className="shrink-0 rounded p-0.5 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
         >
           <X size={13} />
@@ -771,6 +789,7 @@ function PinnedBanner({
 
 export function ChatView({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const scrollRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
 
   const stream = useStreaming();
@@ -963,8 +982,8 @@ export function ChatView({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
           <button
             onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "toggleSettings", open: true })}
             className="flex size-10 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-lg hover:bg-raised/50"
-            title="Open agent profile"
-            aria-label={`Open ${bot.name}'s profile`}
+            title={t("Open agent profile")}
+            aria-label={t("Open {name}'s profile", { name: bot.name })}
           >
             <BotAvatar
               bot={bot}
@@ -984,7 +1003,7 @@ export function ChatView({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
           />
           {bot.chiefOfStaff && (
             <span className="flex items-center gap-1 rounded-full bg-accent/12 px-2 py-0.5 text-[11px] font-medium text-accent">
-              <Crown size={11} /> Chief of Staff
+              <Crown size={11} /> {t("Chief of Staff")}
             </span>
           )}
           {bot.busy && <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin text-ink-secondary" />}
@@ -997,10 +1016,10 @@ export function ChatView({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
                 "flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-full border border-hairline/40 bg-raised/60 px-2.5 py-1 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink",
                 COMPACT_BUBBLE,
               )}
-              title="Stop this turn"
+              title={t("Stop this turn")}
             >
               <Square size={12} className="fill-current" />
-              <span className="@max-4xl/chathead:hidden">Stop</span>
+              <span className="@max-4xl/chathead:hidden">{t("Stop")}</span>
             </button>
           )}
           <TaskPicker bot={bot} />
@@ -1014,19 +1033,19 @@ export function ChatView({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
               "rounded-md p-1.5 hover:bg-raised",
               state.computerOpen ? "text-accent" : "text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink",
             )}
-            title="Bot's computer"
+            title={t("Bot's computer")}
           >
             <Monitor size={18} />
           </button>
           <button
             onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "toggleInspector" })}
-            aria-label="Inspector"
+            aria-label={t("Inspector")}
             aria-pressed={state.inspectorOpen}
             className={cn(
               "rounded-md p-1.5 hover:bg-raised",
               state.inspectorOpen ? "text-accent" : "text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink",
             )}
-            title="Inspector — runtime events and raw protocol for this thread"
+            title={t("Inspector — runtime events and raw protocol for this thread")}
           >
             <Bug size={18} />
           </button>
@@ -1089,7 +1108,7 @@ export function ChatView({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
           className="mx-auto flex max-w-[900px] flex-col gap-3 pb-4"
           role="log"
           aria-live="polite"
-          aria-label={`Conversation with ${bot.name}`}
+          aria-label={t("Conversation with {name}", { name: bot.name })}
         >
           {hiddenCount > 0 && (
             <div className="flex justify-center pt-2">
@@ -1097,7 +1116,7 @@ export function ChatView({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
                 onClick={showEarlier}
                 className="rounded-full border border-hairline/40 bg-panel px-3 py-1 text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
               >
-                Show earlier messages ({hiddenCount} more)
+                {t("Show earlier messages ({count} more)", { count: hiddenCount })}
               </button>
             </div>
           )}
@@ -1120,7 +1139,7 @@ export function ChatView({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
                 onClick={showLater}
                 className="rounded-full border border-hairline/40 bg-panel px-3 py-1 text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
               >
-                Show later messages ({laterCount} more)
+                {t("Show later messages ({count} more)", { count: laterCount })}
               </button>
             </div>
           )}
@@ -1128,7 +1147,7 @@ export function ChatView({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
             <div className="flex justify-start">
               <div className="flex items-center gap-2 rounded-full border border-hairline/40 bg-panel px-3 py-1.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
                 <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" />
-                Setting up this bot's computer…
+                {t("Setting up this bot's computer…")}
               </div>
             </div>
           )}
@@ -1156,10 +1175,10 @@ export function ChatView({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
       {!follow && (
         <button
           onClick={jumpToLatest}
-          aria-label="Jump to latest messages"
+          aria-label={t("Jump to latest messages")}
           className="animate-pop-in absolute bottom-24 left-1/2 z-10 flex -translate-x-1/2 items-center gap-1.5 rounded-full border border-hairline/40 bg-raised px-3 py-1.5 text-[12.5px] text-ink shadow-lg hover:bg-raised-hover"
         >
-          <ArrowDown size={13} /> Jump to latest
+          <ArrowDown size={13} /> {t("Jump to latest")}
         </button>
       )}
 
@@ -1212,6 +1231,7 @@ function UsageChip({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
  * folder a first turn would pin. Click opens bot settings to change it. */
 function WorkingFolderChip({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
   const { dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const task = bot.tasks?.find((t) => t.threadId === bot.threadId);
   const folder = task?.cwd === undefined ? bot.cwd : (task.cwd ?? undefined);
   if (!folder) return null;
@@ -1223,7 +1243,7 @@ function WorkingFolderChip({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
         "flex max-w-[180px] items-center gap-1.5 rounded-full border border-hairline/40 bg-raised/60 px-2.5 py-1 text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink",
         COMPACT_SQUARE,
       )}
-      title={`Working folder: ${folder}`}
+      title={t("Working folder: {folder}", { folder })}
     >
       <Folder size={12} className="@max-4xl/chathead:size-[14px]" />
       <span className="truncate font-mono @max-4xl/chathead:hidden">{name}</span>
diff --git a/src/components/CloudBackendPicker.tsx b/src/components/CloudBackendPicker.tsx
index 35e099aa9..3621d8b4f 100644
--- a/src/components/CloudBackendPicker.tsx
+++ b/src/components/CloudBackendPicker.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 // rules can never drift apart.
 import type { CloudBackend } from "../../server/contracts.ts";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 
 export function CloudBackendPicker({
   value,
@@ -14,13 +15,14 @@ export function CloudBackendPicker({
   vpsSupported: boolean;
   onChange: (backend: CloudBackend) => void;
 }) {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   return (
     <div className="mt-3 rounded-lg bg-inset p-3">
-      <div className="text-[12px] font-medium text-ink">Cloud backend</div>
+      <div className="text-[12px] font-medium text-ink">{t("Cloud backend")}</div>
       <div className="mt-0.5 text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">
         {value === "vps"
-          ? "Auto only attaches to a VPS container that is already running — a stopped or missing one is never provisioned or started, and the bot quietly works as if no cloud computer existed. Choose Cloud to provision or start it. No interactive desktop tunnel is exposed."
-          : "Box is the default hosted computer. Choose Self-hosted VPS to use your SSH-configured Linux Docker host."}
+          ? t("Auto only attaches to a VPS container that is already running — a stopped or missing one is never provisioned or started, and the bot quietly works as if no cloud computer existed. Choose Cloud to provision or start it. No interactive desktop tunnel is exposed.")
+          : t("Box is the default hosted computer. Choose Self-hosted VPS to use your SSH-configured Linux Docker host.")}
       </div>
       <div className="mt-2 flex overflow-hidden rounded-lg border border-hairline/40">
         {(["box", "vps"] as const).map((backend, i) => {
@@ -29,7 +31,7 @@ export function CloudBackendPicker({
             <button
               key={backend}
               disabled={disabled}
-              title={disabled ? "Self-hosted VPS requires Claude or an ACP engine" : undefined}
+              title={disabled ? t("Self-hosted VPS requires Claude or an ACP engine") : undefined}
               onClick={() => onChange(backend)}
               className={cn(
                 "flex-1 py-1.5 text-[12px]",
@@ -38,7 +40,7 @@ export function CloudBackendPicker({
                 value === backend ? "bg-raised text-ink" : "text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised/60 hover:text-ink",
               )}
             >
-              {backend === "vps" ? "Self-hosted VPS" : "Box"}
+              {backend === "vps" ? t("Self-hosted VPS") : "Box"}
             </button>
           );
         })}
diff --git a/src/components/CompanionSection.tsx b/src/components/CompanionSection.tsx
index aadafd30b..dfb816867 100644
--- a/src/components/CompanionSection.tsx
+++ b/src/components/CompanionSection.tsx
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ import { useCallback, useEffect, useState } from "react";
 import { Loader2, Smartphone, Trash2 } from "lucide-react";
 import { QRCodeSVG } from "qrcode.react";
 import { companionPairingLink } from "../lib/companion-pairing";
+import { useI18n } from "../lib/i18n-context";
+import type { TranslationValues } from "../lib/i18n";
 import { Card } from "./SettingsPrimitives";
 
 interface Device {
@@ -64,17 +66,18 @@ const bridge = (): Bridge | null =>
   // SAFETY: the preload owns `ogb.companion`; every call is still guarded for browser builds where it is absent.
   (globalThis as { ogb?: { companion?: Bridge } }).ogb?.companion ?? null;
 
-const relative = (at: number) => {
+const relative = (at: number, t: (source: string, values?: TranslationValues) => string) => {
   const seconds = Math.round((Date.now() - at) / 1000);
-  if (seconds < 90) return "just now";
+  if (seconds < 90) return t("just now");
   const minutes = Math.round(seconds / 60);
-  if (minutes < 60) return `${minutes} min ago`;
+  if (minutes < 60) return t("{count} min ago", { count: minutes });
   const hours = Math.round(minutes / 60);
-  if (hours < 24) return `${hours} h ago`;
-  return `${Math.round(hours / 24)} d ago`;
+  if (hours < 24) return t("{count} h ago", { count: hours });
+  return t("{count} d ago", { count: Math.round(hours / 24) });
 };
 
 export function CompanionSection() {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const [state, setState] = useState<CompanionState | null>(null);
   const [busy, setBusy] = useState(false);
   const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -133,8 +136,8 @@ export function CompanionSection() {
   if (!bridge()) {
     return (
       <Card
-        title="Companion"
-        subtitle="The companion runs as its own process, which only the desktop app can start. Open OpenMausBot on this computer to turn it on."
+        title={t("Companion")}
+        subtitle={t("The companion runs as its own process, which only the desktop app can start. Open OpenMausBot on this computer to turn it on.")}
       >
         <div />
       </Card>
@@ -143,7 +146,7 @@ export function CompanionSection() {
 
   if (!state) {
     return (
-      <Card title="Companion" subtitle="Loading…">
+      <Card title={t("Companion")} subtitle={t("Loading…")}>
         <Loader2 size={15} className="animate-spin text-ink-secondary" />
       </Card>
     );
@@ -178,19 +181,19 @@ export function CompanionSection() {
   return (
     <div className="flex flex-col gap-4">
       <Card
-        title="Companion"
-        subtitle="Let a phone open your chats, answer approvals, and send new work. Off by default: your bots run commands on this computer, so only pair a device you trust, on a network you trust."
+        title={t("Companion")}
+        subtitle={t("Let a phone open your chats, answer approvals, and send new work. Off by default: your bots run commands on this computer, so only pair a device you trust, on a network you trust.")}
       >
         <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-4">
           <div className="min-w-0">
-            <div className="text-[14px] text-ink">{state.enabled ? "On" : "Off"}</div>
+            <div className="text-[14px] text-ink">{state.enabled ? t("On") : t("Off")}</div>
             <div className="mt-0.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
               {!state.enabled
-                ? "Nothing on this computer is reachable from the network."
+                ? t("Nothing on this computer is reachable from the network.")
                 : !address
-                  ? `Listening on port ${state.port} — no network address yet.`
+                  ? t("Listening on port {port} — no network address yet.", { port: state.port })
                   : tailnet
-                    ? `Enter ${tailnet}:${state.port} on your phone — that works from anywhere on your tailnet, on any network.`
+                    ? t("Enter {address}:{port} on your phone — that works from anywhere on your tailnet, on any network.", { address: tailnet, port: state.port })
                     : state.discovery?.advertising
                       ? // The address is shown even when Bonjour is working.
                         // Discovery can be advertising happily and still not
@@ -198,14 +201,14 @@ export function CompanionSection() {
                         // clients blocks multicast — and when that happens the
                         // typed address is the way out. Hiding it behind a
                         // failure the panel cannot detect is no help at all.
-                        `Your phone will find this computer as "${state.discovery.name}", or you can enter ${address}:${state.port}.`
-                      : `Listening on ${address}:${state.port} — enter that on your phone.`}
+                        t("Your phone will find this computer as \"{name}\", or you can enter {address}:{port}.", { name: state.discovery.name, address, port: state.port })
+                      : t("Listening on {address}:{port} — enter that on your phone.", { address, port: state.port })}
             </div>
           </div>
           <button
             role="switch"
             aria-checked={state.enabled}
-            aria-label="Companion"
+            aria-label={t("Companion")}
             disabled={busy}
             onClick={() => void act((c) => (state.enabled ? c.stop() : c.start()))}
             className={cnSwitch(state.enabled)}
@@ -215,7 +218,7 @@ export function CompanionSection() {
         </div>
         {state.enabled && tailnet && state.lan && (
           <div className="mt-3 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
-            On this network only: {state.lan}:{state.port}
+            {t("On this network only: {address}:{port}", { address: state.lan, port: state.port })}
           </div>
         )}
         {/* A tailnet address with no name is workable on a laptop and not on
@@ -223,16 +226,12 @@ export function CompanionSection() {
             unexplained policy error. */}
         {state.enabled && state.tailscale && !state.tailnetName && (
           <div className="mt-3 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
-            You're on a tailnet, but this computer's MagicDNS name couldn't be read from the
-            Tailscale app — either MagicDNS is off, or the Tailscale command line tool isn't
-            where we looked. iPhones can't connect to a bare tailnet address, so check the
-            OpenMausBot log for which paths were tried.
+            {t("You're on a tailnet, but this computer's MagicDNS name couldn't be read from the Tailscale app — either MagicDNS is off, or the Tailscale command line tool isn't where we looked. iPhones can't connect to a bare tailnet address, so check the OpenMausBot log for which paths were tried.")}
           </div>
         )}
         {state.enabled && !state.tailscale && (
           <div className="mt-3 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
-            Only reachable on this network. Install Tailscale on both this computer and your phone
-            to reach it from anywhere — including networks that stop devices from seeing each other.
+            {t("Only reachable on this network. Install Tailscale on both this computer and your phone to reach it from anywhere — including networks that stop devices from seeing each other.")}
           </div>
         )}
         {(error || state.error) && (
@@ -241,33 +240,33 @@ export function CompanionSection() {
       </Card>
 
       <Card
-        title="Connect a phone"
+        title={t("Connect a phone")}
         subtitle={
           state.pairing
             ? pairingLink
-              ? "Scan with your phone's Camera, then confirm in OpenMausMobile. You can also use the code manually."
-              : "Open OpenMausMobile, choose this computer, and enter the code."
+              ? t("Scan with your phone's Camera, then confirm in OpenMausMobile. You can also use the code manually.")
+              : t("Open OpenMausMobile, choose this computer, and enter the code.")
             : state.enabled
-              ? "Open a short, single-use pairing window for a trusted phone."
-              : "This turns on Companion and opens a short, single-use pairing window in one step."
+              ? t("Open a short, single-use pairing window for a trusted phone.")
+              : t("This turns on Companion and opens a short, single-use pairing window in one step.")
         }
       >
         {state.pairing ? (
           <div className="flex flex-col gap-4 sm:flex-row sm:items-center">
             {pairingLink && (
-              <div className="w-fit shrink-0 rounded-xl bg-white p-3" aria-label="Phone pairing QR code">
+              <div className="w-fit shrink-0 rounded-xl bg-white p-3" aria-label={t("Phone pairing QR code")}>
                 <QRCodeSVG value={pairingLink} size={144} level="M" bgColor="#ffffff" fgColor="#111111" />
               </div>
             )}
             <div className="min-w-0 flex-1">
-              <div className="text-[12px] font-medium uppercase tracking-wide text-ink-secondary">Manual code</div>
+              <div className="text-[12px] font-medium uppercase tracking-wide text-ink-secondary">{t("Manual code")}</div>
               <div className="mt-1 font-mono text-[28px] tracking-[0.3em] text-ink">{state.pairing.code}</div>
               <div className="mt-1 break-all text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
-                Expires in {secondsLeft}s{address ? ` · ${address}:${state.port}` : ""}
+                {t("Expires in {seconds}s", { seconds: secondsLeft })}{address ? ` · ${address}:${state.port}` : ""}
               </div>
               {state.discovery?.advertising && (
                 <div className="mt-2 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
-                  Or open the mobile app and choose “{state.discovery.name}” under On this network.
+                  {t("Or open the mobile app and choose “{name}” under On this network.", { name: state.discovery.name })}
                 </div>
               )}
               <button
@@ -275,7 +274,7 @@ export function CompanionSection() {
                 onClick={() => void act((c) => c.pairing(false))}
                 className="mt-3 rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 px-3 py-1.5 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-control disabled:opacity-40"
               >
-                Cancel
+                {t("Cancel")}
               </button>
             </div>
           </div>
@@ -285,17 +284,17 @@ export function CompanionSection() {
             onClick={beginSetup}
             className="rounded-lg bg-accent px-3 py-2 text-[13px] font-medium text-white hover:opacity-90 disabled:opacity-40"
           >
-            {busy ? "Preparing…" : state.devices.length ? "Pair another phone" : "Set up a phone"}
+            {busy ? t("Preparing…") : state.devices.length ? t("Pair another phone") : t("Set up a phone")}
           </button>
         )}
       </Card>
 
       <Card
-        title="Paired devices"
+        title={t("Paired devices")}
         subtitle={
           state.devices.length
-            ? "Cloud desktop is full interactive access. Enable it only for a phone you trust; removing a device signs it out immediately."
-            : "No phones are paired yet."
+            ? t("Cloud desktop is full interactive access. Enable it only for a phone you trust; removing a device signs it out immediately.")
+            : t("No phones are paired yet.")
         }
       >
         {state.devices.length > 0 && (
@@ -305,14 +304,14 @@ export function CompanionSection() {
                 <Smartphone size={15} className="shrink-0 text-ink-secondary" />
                 <div className="min-w-0 flex-1">
                   <div className="truncate text-[14px] text-ink">{device.name}</div>
-                  <div className="text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">Last seen {relative(device.lastSeenAt)}</div>
+                  <div className="text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Last seen {time}", { time: relative(device.lastSeenAt, t) })}</div>
                 </div>
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-                  <span className="text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">Cloud desktop</span>
+                  <span className="text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Cloud desktop")}</span>
                   <button
                     role="switch"
                     aria-checked={device.cloudDesktopAccess}
-                    aria-label={`Cloud desktop access for ${device.name}`}
+                    aria-label={t("Cloud desktop access for {name}", { name: device.name })}
                     disabled={busy}
                     onClick={() => void act((c) => c.cloudDesktop(device.id, !device.cloudDesktopAccess))}
                     className={cnSwitch(device.cloudDesktopAccess)}
@@ -323,7 +322,7 @@ export function CompanionSection() {
                 <button
                   disabled={busy}
                   onClick={() => void act((c) => c.revoke(device.id))}
-                  aria-label={`Remove ${device.name}`}
+                  aria-label={t("Remove {name}", { name: device.name })}
                   className="shrink-0 rounded p-1 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-control hover:text-danger disabled:opacity-40"
                 >
                   <Trash2 size={14} />
diff --git a/src/components/Composer.tsx b/src/components/Composer.tsx
index fcbaf38af..84d77d9ca 100644
--- a/src/components/Composer.tsx
+++ b/src/components/Composer.tsx
@@ -15,9 +15,11 @@ import {
   type Attachment,
 } from "@/lib/composer-attachments";
 import { normalizeState } from "@/lib/mascot";
-import { groupComposerHint, roomRespondersForComposer } from "@/lib/group-routing";
+import { defaultResponderName, groupComposerHint, roomRespondersForComposer } from "@/lib/group-routing";
 import { PendingApprovalActions, PendingApprovalPanel, pendingApprovals } from "./PendingApproval";
 import { useDesktopCapabilities } from "./DesktopCapabilities";
+import { dictationError } from "@/lib/desktop";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 
 /** The active @mention query at the caret: the text between an `@` that
  * starts a word and the caret. null = no mention being typed. */
@@ -49,6 +51,7 @@ export function Composer({
 }) {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
   const { capabilities } = useDesktopCapabilities();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   // Unified target: a 1:1 bot thread or a room. In a room the @ picker
   // offers members plus @everyone; explicit mentions override the room's
   // configured default responder.
@@ -68,8 +71,8 @@ export function Composer({
       members?.find((b) => b.id === group.busyBotId)
     : bot;
   const busyName = group
-    ? (members?.find((b) => b.id === group.busyBotId)?.name ?? "A bot")
-    : (bot?.name ?? "The bot");
+    ? (members?.find((b) => b.id === group.busyBotId)?.name ?? t("A bot"))
+    : (bot?.name ?? t("The bot"));
   // Per-thread draft: switching bots unmounts this component, so both the
   // text and its attachment chips have to outlive it (see lib/drafts).
   const [text, setText, attachments, setAttachments] = useComposerDraft(
@@ -91,6 +94,8 @@ export function Composer({
   const inputRef = useRef<HTMLTextAreaElement>(null);
   // what was typed before the mic went on — partials append after it
   const baseText = useRef("");
+  const translateRef = useRef(t);
+  translateRef.current = t;
 
   // image paste is offered only when every bot that will actually answer
   // can open one. sendGroup routes to mentions, else the room default —
@@ -167,22 +172,22 @@ export function Composer({
   const send = () => {
     if (locked) return;
     if (attachments.some((attachment) => attachment.kind === "image") && !imageTargetsSupport(text)) {
-      dispatch({ type: "error", message: "The selected responder does not support image attachments." });
+      dispatch({ type: "error", message: t("The selected responder does not support image attachments.") });
       return;
     }
-    const t = composeMessage(text, attachments);
-    if (!t) return;
+    const composed = composeMessage(text, attachments);
+    if (!composed) return;
     if (busy && group) {
-      setQueued(t);
+      setQueued(composed);
       setText("");
       setAttachments([]);
       return;
     }
     if (group) {
-      dispatch({ type: "sendGroup", groupId: group.id, text: t });
+      dispatch({ type: "sendGroup", groupId: group.id, text: composed });
       track("message_sent", { room: true });
     } else if (bot) {
-      dispatch({ type: "send", botId: bot.id, text: t });
+      dispatch({ type: "send", botId: bot.id, text: composed });
       track("message_sent", { driver: bot.modelSelection?.instanceId, queued: busy && !canSteer });
     }
     setText("");
@@ -192,7 +197,7 @@ export function Composer({
     if (busy || !queued) return;
     if (group) {
       if (queued.includes("<attached-image ") && !imageTargetsSupport(queued)) {
-        dispatch({ type: "error", message: "The selected responder does not support image attachments." });
+        dispatch({ type: "error", message: t("The selected responder does not support image attachments.") });
         setQueued(null);
         return;
       }
@@ -220,13 +225,8 @@ export function Composer({
     });
     const offEnd = bridge.onSpeechEnd(({ code }) => {
       setRecording(false);
-      if (code === 2) {
-        setSpeechError("Dictation is only available on macOS for now.");
-      } else if (code === 1) {
-        setSpeechError(
-          "Dictation needs Microphone + Speech Recognition access — System Settings → Privacy & Security.",
-        );
-      }
+      const error = dictationError(code, translateRef.current);
+      if (error) setSpeechError(error);
     });
     void bridge.speechStart();
     return () => {
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ export function Composer({
 
   const toggleMic = () => {
     if (!capabilities.dictation.available || !window.ogb) {
-      setSpeechError("Dictation isn't available in this build.");
+      setSpeechError(t("Dictation isn't available in this build."));
       return;
     }
     baseText.current = text.trim();
@@ -257,12 +257,12 @@ export function Composer({
           <div className="mb-2 flex items-center gap-2 rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 bg-panel px-3 py-2 text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary">
             <Clock size={13} className="shrink-0" />
             <span className="min-w-0 flex-1 truncate">
-              Queued — sends when {busyName} finishes: “{pendingChip}”
+              {t("Queued — sends when {name} finishes: “{message}”", { name: busyName, message: pendingChip })}
             </span>
             {group && (
               <button
                 onClick={() => setQueued(null)}
-                aria-label="Discard queued message"
+                aria-label={t("Discard queued message")}
                 className="rounded p-0.5 hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
               >
                 <X size={13} />
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ export function Composer({
         {pickerOpen && (
           <div
             role="listbox"
-            aria-label="Tag a bot"
+            aria-label={t("Tag a bot")}
             className="absolute bottom-full left-2 z-20 mb-2 w-72 overflow-hidden rounded-xl border border-hairline/40 bg-raised shadow-lg"
           >
             {candidates.map((peer, i) => (
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ export function Composer({
                   </span>
                 )}
                 <span className="min-w-0 flex-1 truncate text-[14px] font-medium text-ink">{peer.name}</span>
-                <span className="shrink-0 text-xs text-ink-secondary">{peer.bot ? "Agent" : "Channel"}</span>
+                <span className="shrink-0 text-xs text-ink-secondary">{peer.bot ? t("Agent") : t("Channel")}</span>
               </button>
             ))}
           </div>
@@ -410,22 +410,27 @@ export function Composer({
           disabled={Boolean(approval) || locked}
           placeholder={
             locked
-              ? "Finish room setup to start chatting"
+              ? t("Finish room setup to start chatting")
               : approval
-              ? "Answer the approval above to continue"
+                ? t("Answer the approval above to continue")
               : recording
-              ? "Listening…"
+              ? t("Listening…")
               : busy && canSteer
-                ? `${busyName} is working — Enter sends this into the running turn`
+                ? t("{name} is working — Enter sends this into the running turn", { name: busyName })
               : busy
                 ? group
-                  ? `${busyName} is working — Enter queues your message`
-                  : `${busyName} is working — sends when this turn finishes`
+                  ? t("{name} is working — Enter queues your message", { name: busyName })
+                  : t("{name} is working — sends when this turn finishes", { name: busyName })
                 : group
-                  ? `Message ${group.name} — ${groupComposerHint(group, members ?? [])}`
-                  : `Message ${bot?.name ?? ""}`
+                  ? t("Message {name} — {hint}", {
+                      name: group.name,
+                      hint: t(groupComposerHint(group, members ?? []), {
+                        name: defaultResponderName(group, members ?? []) ?? t("Lead"),
+                      }),
+                    })
+                  : t("Message {name}", { name: bot?.name ?? "" })
           }
-          aria-label={`Message ${group ? group.name : (bot?.name ?? "")}`}
+          aria-label={t("Message {name}", { name: group ? group.name : (bot?.name ?? "") })}
           className="max-h-40 w-full resize-none self-center bg-transparent py-1 text-[15px] leading-6 text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:outline-none"
         />
         {busy && !locked && (
@@ -434,9 +439,9 @@ export function Composer({
               if (group) dispatch({ type: "interruptGroup", groupId: group.id });
               else if (bot) dispatch({ type: "interrupt", botId: bot.id });
             }}
-            aria-label="Stop this turn"
+            aria-label={t("Stop this turn")}
             className="flex size-8 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-full text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
-            title="Stop"
+            title={t("Stop")}
           >
             <Square size={14} className="fill-current" />
           </button>
@@ -444,14 +449,14 @@ export function Composer({
         {!locked && !busy && !hasContent && capabilities.dictation.available && (
           <button
             onClick={toggleMic}
-            aria-label={recording ? "Stop dictation" : "Start dictation"}
+            aria-label={recording ? t("Stop dictation") : t("Start dictation")}
             className={cn(
               "flex size-8 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-full",
               recording
                 ? "animate-pulse bg-danger/20 text-danger"
                 : "text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink",
             )}
-            title={recording ? "Stop dictation (Esc)" : "Dictate"}
+            title={recording ? t("Stop dictation (Esc)") : t("Dictate")}
           >
             <Mic size={18} />
           </button>
@@ -459,8 +464,8 @@ export function Composer({
         {hasContent && !locked && (
           <button
             onClick={send}
-            aria-label={busy && canSteer ? "Send into the running turn" : busy ? "Queue message" : "Send message"}
-            title={busy && canSteer ? "Send into the running turn" : busy ? "Sends when the current turn finishes" : "Send"}
+            aria-label={busy && canSteer ? t("Send into the running turn") : busy ? t("Queue message") : t("Send message")}
+            title={busy && canSteer ? t("Send into the running turn") : busy ? t("Sends when the current turn finishes") : t("Send")}
             className={cn(
               "flex size-8 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-full text-white",
               busy && !canSteer ? "bg-raised text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised-hover" : "bg-accent hover:brightness-110",
diff --git a/src/components/ComputerPanel.tsx b/src/components/ComputerPanel.tsx
index a29d6d945..ac6d0e3c6 100644
--- a/src/components/ComputerPanel.tsx
+++ b/src/components/ComputerPanel.tsx
@@ -37,6 +37,9 @@ import {
   localComputerDisabledReason,
   localComputerSelectable,
 } from "@/lib/local-computer";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
+
+type Translate = ReturnType<typeof useI18n>["t"];
 
 async function api(path: string, init?: RequestInit): Promise<any> {
   const res = await fetch(path, { headers: { "content-type": "application/json" }, ...init });
@@ -76,9 +79,9 @@ interface LocalVmStatus {
   viewer_url: string;
 }
 
-function routineScheduleLabel(routine: Routine) {
+function routineScheduleLabel(routine: Routine, locale: string, t: Translate) {
   if (routine.schedule.type === "once") {
-    return new Date(routine.schedule.at).toLocaleString([], {
+    return new Date(routine.schedule.at).toLocaleString(locale, {
       month: "short",
       day: "numeric",
       hour: "numeric",
@@ -88,24 +91,32 @@ function routineScheduleLabel(routine: Routine) {
   const days = routine.schedule.weekdays;
   const cadence =
     days.length === 7
-      ? "Every day"
+      ? t("Every day")
       : days.join(",") === "1,2,3,4,5"
-        ? "Weekdays"
-        : days.map((day) => ["Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat"][day]).join(", ");
+        ? t("Weekdays")
+        : days.map((day) => t(["Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat"][day])).join(", ");
   const [hour, minute] = routine.schedule.time.split(":").map(Number);
-  return `${cadence} · ${new Date(2000, 0, 1, hour, minute).toLocaleTimeString([], { hour: "numeric", minute: "2-digit" })}`;
+  return `${cadence} · ${new Date(2000, 0, 1, hour, minute).toLocaleTimeString(locale, { hour: "numeric", minute: "2-digit" })}`;
 }
 
-function nextRunLabel(at: number | null) {
-  if (at == null) return "Paused";
+function nextRunLabel(at: number | null, locale: string, t: Translate) {
+  if (at == null) return t("Paused");
   const date = new Date(at);
   const today = new Date();
   const sameDay = date.toDateString() === today.toDateString();
-  return `${sameDay ? "Today" : date.toLocaleDateString([], { month: "short", day: "numeric" })}, ${date.toLocaleTimeString([], { hour: "numeric", minute: "2-digit" })}`;
+  const time = date.toLocaleTimeString(locale, { hour: "numeric", minute: "2-digit" });
+  if (sameDay) return t("{days} at {time}", { days: t("Today"), time });
+  return new Intl.DateTimeFormat(locale, {
+    month: "short",
+    day: "numeric",
+    hour: "numeric",
+    minute: "2-digit",
+  }).format(date);
 }
 
 export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { locale, t } = useI18n();
   const { capabilities, ready: capabilitiesReady } = useDesktopCapabilities();
   const localAvailable = capabilities.localComputer.available;
   const isLinux = capabilities.host.platform === "linux";
@@ -532,7 +543,7 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
       if (!viewerUrl) throw new Error("The computer did not return a live desktop link");
 
       if (window.ogb?.desktopViewer) {
-        const opened = await window.ogb.desktopViewer.open(viewerUrl, `${bot.name}'s live desktop`, bot.id);
+        const opened = await window.ogb.desktopViewer.open(viewerUrl, t("{name}'s live desktop", { name: bot.name }), bot.id);
         if (!opened) throw new Error("OpenMausBot could not open the live desktop");
       } else if (fallbackTab) {
         fallbackTab.location.replace(viewerUrl);
@@ -582,8 +593,8 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
       (action === "vm-recreate" || action === "vm-delete") &&
       !window.confirm(
         action === "vm-delete"
-          ? `Delete ${bot.name}'s Local VM? Its private durable workspace will remain.`
-          : `Replace ${bot.name}'s Local VM? Its private durable workspace will remain.`,
+          ? t("Delete {name}'s Local VM? Its private durable workspace will remain.", { name: bot.name })
+          : t("Replace {name}'s Local VM? Its private durable workspace will remain.", { name: bot.name }),
       )
     ) return;
     setPending(action);
@@ -646,7 +657,7 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
         <button
           onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "toggleSettings", open: true })}
           className="rounded-md p-1 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-control hover:text-ink"
-          title="Bot settings"
+          title={t("Bot settings")}
         >
           <Settings size={18} />
         </button>
@@ -660,7 +671,7 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
                 panelView === "computer" ? "bg-control text-ink" : "text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink",
               )}
             >
-              <Monitor size={13} /> Computer
+              <Monitor size={13} /> {t("Computer")}
             </button>
             <button
               onClick={() => setPanelView("android")}
@@ -670,11 +681,11 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
                 panelView === "android" ? "bg-control text-ink" : "text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink",
               )}
             >
-              <Smartphone size={13} /> Android
+              <Smartphone size={13} /> {t("Android")}
             </button>
           </div>
         ) : (
-          <span className="text-[15px] font-semibold text-ink">Computer</span>
+          <span className="text-[15px] font-semibold text-ink">{t("Computer")}</span>
         )}
         <button
           onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "toggleComputer", open: false })}
@@ -692,18 +703,18 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
       <div className="flex-1 overflow-y-auto px-5 pb-5">
           {/* Screen preview */}
           <div className="mb-1.5 mt-2 flex items-center justify-between text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
-            <span>{bot.name}'s screen</span>
-            {phase === "local" && <span className="text-[11px]">this computer</span>}
-            {phase === "vm" && <span className="text-[11px]">Local VM</span>}
-            {cloudBackend === "vps" && (phase === "ready" || phase === "starting") && <span className="text-[11px]">self-hosted VPS</span>}
+            <span>{t("{name}'s screen", { name: bot.name })}</span>
+            {phase === "local" && <span className="text-[11px]">{t("this computer")}</span>}
+            {phase === "vm" && <span className="text-[11px]">{t("Local VM")}</span>}
+            {cloudBackend === "vps" && (phase === "ready" || phase === "starting") && <span className="text-[11px]">{t("self-hosted VPS")}</span>}
         </div>
         <div className="flex aspect-[16/10] w-full items-center justify-center overflow-hidden rounded-xl bg-card">
           {frameSrc ? (
             <img
               src={frameSrc}
-              alt={`${bot.name}'s screen`}
+              alt={t("{name}'s screen", { name: bot.name })}
               className="h-full w-full object-contain"
-              title={phase === "vm" ? "Watch-only preview — use Open desktop to click and type" : undefined}
+              title={phase === "vm" ? t("Watch-only preview — use Open desktop to click and type") : undefined}
             />
           ) : (
             <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2 px-6 text-center text-ink-secondary">
@@ -716,23 +727,23 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
               )}
               <span className="text-[12px]">
                 {phase === "ready"
-                  ? "Waiting for the first frame…"
+                  ? t("Waiting for the first frame…")
                   : phase === "vm"
-                    ? "Capturing the Local VM screen…"
+                    ? t("Capturing the Local VM screen…")
                   : phase === "local"
                     ? isLinux
-                      ? "Ready for approved bot actions. Start the separate preview below when you want to watch the screen."
+                      ? t("Ready for approved bot actions. Start the separate preview below when you want to watch the screen.")
                       : localMisses >= 3
-                      ? "No frames yet — the preview needs Screen Recording permission. After granting, relaunch the app."
-                      : "Capturing this computer's screen…"
-                    : emptyState[phase]}
+                      ? t("No frames yet — the preview needs Screen Recording permission. After granting, relaunch the app.")
+                      : t("Capturing this computer's screen…")
+                    : t(emptyState[phase])}
               </span>
               {phase === "local" && !isLinux && localMisses >= 3 && (
                 <button
                   onClick={() => window.ogb?.permOpenSettings?.("screen")}
                   className="mt-1 rounded-lg bg-control px-3 py-1.5 text-[12px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover"
                 >
-                  Open Settings
+                  {t("Open Settings")}
                 </button>
               )}
               {phase === "vm-unavailable" && (
@@ -745,14 +756,14 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
                     {(pending === "vm-create" || pending === "vm-recreate") && (
                       <Loader2 size={13} className="mr-1.5 inline animate-spin" />
                     )}
-                    {vmStatus.container === "missing" ? `Create ${bot.name}'s VM` : `Replace ${bot.name}'s VM`}
+                    {vmStatus.container === "missing" ? t("Create {name}'s VM", { name: bot.name }) : t("Replace {name}'s VM", { name: bot.name })}
                   </button>
                 ) : (
                   <button
                     onClick={openVmSettings}
                     className="mt-1 rounded-lg bg-control px-3 py-1.5 text-[12px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover"
                   >
-                    Open Local VM setup
+                    {t("Open Local VM setup")}
                   </button>
                 )
               )}
@@ -761,7 +772,7 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
                   onClick={openConnectionSettings}
                   className="mt-1 rounded-lg bg-control px-3 py-1.5 text-[12px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover"
                 >
-                  Open VPS settings
+                  {t("Open VPS settings")}
                 </button>
               )}
               {phase === "vps-stopped" && bot.computer === "cloud" && (
@@ -771,7 +782,7 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
                   className="mt-1 rounded-lg bg-control px-3 py-1.5 text-[12px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-50"
                 >
                   {pending === "provision" && <Loader2 size={13} className="mr-1.5 inline animate-spin" />}
-                  Start VPS computer
+                  {t("Start VPS computer")}
                 </button>
               )}
             </div>
@@ -780,13 +791,13 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
 
         {error && (
           <div className="mt-2 rounded-lg border border-danger/30 bg-danger/10 px-3 py-2 text-[12px] text-danger">
-            {error}
+            {t(error)}
           </div>
         )}
         {phase === "unconfigured" && (
           <div className="mt-3 rounded-xl bg-card p-4">
             <div className="mb-3 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
-              Add a Box API key to give this bot a cloud computer — it spins up right here.
+              {t("Add a Box API key to give this bot a cloud computer — it spins up right here.")}
             </div>
             <ApiKeyRow
               section="box"
@@ -797,13 +808,13 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
         {phase === "vps-unconfigured" && (
           <div className="mt-3 rounded-xl bg-card p-4">
             <div className="mb-3 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
-              Configure the VPS SSH alias in App Settings → Connections. Auto only reuses an existing ready container.
+              {t("Configure the VPS SSH alias in App Settings → Connections. Auto only reuses an existing ready container.")}
             </div>
             <button
               onClick={openConnectionSettings}
               className="rounded-lg bg-control px-3 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover"
             >
-              Open VPS settings
+              {t("Open VPS settings")}
             </button>
           </div>
         )}
@@ -812,7 +823,7 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
         {(phase === "ready" || phase === "vm") && control.helpReason && !control.held && (
           <div className="mt-3 rounded-xl border border-warning/25 bg-warning/10 p-4">
             <div className="text-[13px] leading-relaxed text-warning">
-              <b>{bot.name}</b> asked for your hands: {control.helpReason}
+              {t("{name} asked for your hands: {reason}", { name: bot.name, reason: control.helpReason })}
             </div>
             <div className="mt-2 flex gap-2">
               <button
@@ -823,14 +834,14 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
                 className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-accent py-2 text-[13px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110 disabled:opacity-50"
               >
                 {pending === "join" ? <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" /> : <Hand size={14} />}
-                Take control
+                {t("Take control")}
               </button>
               <button
                 onClick={() => controlAction("dismiss-help")}
                 disabled={controlPending}
                 className="rounded-lg bg-control px-3 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-50"
               >
-                Dismiss
+                {t("Dismiss")}
               </button>
             </div>
           </div>
@@ -838,9 +849,9 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
         {(phase === "ready" || phase === "vm") && control.held && (
           <div className="mt-3 rounded-xl border border-accent/25 bg-accent/10 p-4">
             <div className="text-[13px] leading-relaxed text-ink">
-              You have the wheel — the bot's clicks and keystrokes are refused until you hand it back.
-              {phase === "ready" && cloudBackend === "box" && " Use Open desktop to drive."}
-              {phase === "vm" && " Use Open desktop to drive — the preview here is watch-only."}
+              {t("You have the wheel — the bot's clicks and keystrokes are refused until you hand it back.")}
+              {phase === "ready" && cloudBackend === "box" && <> {t("Use Open desktop to drive.")}</>}
+              {phase === "vm" && <> {t("Use Open desktop to drive — the preview here is watch-only.")}</>}
             </div>
             <button
               onClick={() => controlAction("release")}
@@ -848,7 +859,7 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
               className="mt-2 flex w-full items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-accent py-2 text-[13px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110 disabled:opacity-50"
             >
               <Hand size={14} />
-              Hand control back
+              {t("Hand control back")}
             </button>
           </div>
         )}
@@ -857,10 +868,10 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
             onClick={() => void openDesktop()}
             disabled={pending === "join"}
             className="mt-3 flex w-full items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-control py-2 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-50"
-            title="Open the Local VM's live desktop inside OpenMausBot"
+            title={t("Open the Local VM's live desktop inside OpenMausBot")}
           >
             {pending === "join" ? <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" /> : <Monitor size={14} />}
-            Open live desktop
+            {t("Open live desktop")}
           </button>
         )}
         {phase === "vm" && !control.held && !control.helpReason && (
@@ -868,10 +879,10 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
             onClick={() => void openDesktop()}
             disabled={controlPending || pending === "join" || !vmViewerUrl}
             className="mt-3 flex w-full items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-control py-2 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-50"
-            title="Pause the bot's hands and open the Local VM's live desktop"
+            title={t("Pause the bot's hands and open the Local VM's live desktop")}
           >
             {pending === "join" ? <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" /> : <Hand size={14} />}
-            Take control
+            {t("Take control")}
           </button>
         )}
         {phase === "vm" && vmStatus?.mode === "per-bot" && (
@@ -879,10 +890,10 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
             onClick={() => void runVmAction("vm-delete")}
             disabled={pending !== null || bot.busy}
             className="mt-2 flex w-full items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-lg border border-danger/30 py-2 text-[13px] text-danger hover:bg-danger/10 disabled:opacity-50"
-            title={bot.busy ? "Stop this bot's turn before deleting its VM" : `Delete ${bot.name}'s Local VM`}
+            title={bot.busy ? t("Stop this bot's turn before deleting its VM") : t("Delete {name}'s Local VM", { name: bot.name })}
           >
             {pending === "vm-delete" ? <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" /> : <Power size={14} />}
-            Delete this bot's VM
+            {t("Delete this bot's VM")}
           </button>
         )}
         {/* Cloud-only actions */}
@@ -895,10 +906,10 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
                 }
                 disabled={controlPending || pending === "join"}
                 className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-control py-2 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-50"
-                title="Pause the bot's hands and drive this computer yourself"
+                title={t("Pause the bot's hands and drive this computer yourself")}
               >
                 {pending === "join" ? <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" /> : <Hand size={14} />}
-                Take control
+                {t("Take control")}
               </button>
             )}
             {cloudBackend === "box" && control.held && (
@@ -908,7 +919,7 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
                 className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-control py-2 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-50"
               >
                 {pending === "join" ? <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" /> : <Monitor size={14} />}
-                Open live desktop
+                {t("Open live desktop")}
               </button>
             )}
             {(cloudBackend === "vps" || boxState !== "archived") && (
@@ -916,10 +927,10 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
                 onClick={() => run("sleep")}
                 disabled={pending === "sleep"}
                 className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-control px-3 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-50"
-                title="Put the computer to sleep"
+                title={t("Put the computer to sleep")}
               >
                 {pending === "sleep" ? <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" /> : <Moon size={14} />}
-                Sleep
+                {t("Sleep")}
               </button>
             )}
           </div>
@@ -931,19 +942,17 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
 
         {/* Computer source */}
           <div className="mt-4 rounded-xl bg-card p-4">
-            <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">Runs on</div>
+            <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">{t("Runs on")}</div>
             <div className="mt-0.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
               {!bot.computer &&
                 (isLinux || !localSelectable
                   ? cloudBackend === "vps"
-                    ? "Auto reuses a ready VPS when one is configured; otherwise computer use stays off. "
-                    : `${linuxAutoDescription()} `
+                    ? t("Auto reuses a ready VPS when one is configured; otherwise computer use stays off. ")
+                    : `${t(linuxAutoDescription())} `
                   : cloudBackend === "vps"
-                    ? "Auto reuses a ready VPS when one exists, otherwise this computer. "
-                    : "Auto uses a cloud box when one exists, otherwise this computer. ")}
-              Pick where this bot's computer lives. <b className="text-ink">Local VM</b> is a Cua-controlled Linux desktop
-              in a container on this machine — free and separate from your own desktop. Set it up in App
-              Settings → Local VM.
+                    ? t("Auto reuses a ready VPS when one exists, otherwise this computer. ")
+                    : t("Auto uses a cloud box when one exists, otherwise this computer. "))}
+              {t("Pick where this bot's computer lives. Local VM is a Cua-controlled Linux desktop in a container on this machine — free and separate from your own desktop. Set it up in App Settings → Local VM.")}
           </div>
           <div className="mt-3 flex overflow-hidden rounded-lg border border-hairline/40">
             {(
@@ -971,7 +980,7 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
               <button
                 key={mode}
                 disabled={disabled}
-                title={unavailableTitle}
+                title={unavailableTitle ? t(unavailableTitle) : undefined}
                 onClick={() => {
                   if (mode === bot.computer) return;
                   if (mode === "local" && bot.autoApprove) setLocalAutoWarning(true);
@@ -986,7 +995,7 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
                     : "text-ink-secondary hover:bg-control/60 hover:text-ink",
                 )}
               >
-                {label}
+                {t(label)}
               </button>
                 );
               })()
@@ -1006,7 +1015,7 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
           <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-2">
             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">
               <CalendarClock size={16} className="text-accent" />
-              Scheduled tasks
+              {t("Scheduled tasks")}
             </div>
             {botRoutines.length > 0 && (
               <span className="rounded-full bg-control px-2 py-0.5 text-[10px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">
@@ -1015,12 +1024,12 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
             )}
           </div>
           <div className="mt-0.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
-            Schedule work for {bot.name}. Use its current setup, or run the whole job inside its cloud VM.
+            {t("Schedule work for {name}. Use its current setup, or run the whole job inside its cloud VM.", { name: bot.name })}
           </div>
           {!computerDestination && (
             <div className="mt-3 flex items-start gap-2 rounded-lg border border-warning/25 bg-warning/10 px-3 py-2 text-[11.5px] leading-relaxed text-warning">
               <Power size={13} className="mt-0.5 shrink-0" />
-              Scheduled tasks on this computer will not have desktop access while this is Off. Choose Cloud VM in the schedule editor to run the whole job there.
+              {t("Scheduled tasks on this computer will not have desktop access while this is Off. Choose Cloud VM in the schedule editor to run the whole job there.")}
             </div>
           )}
           {activeRoutineRun && (
@@ -1030,7 +1039,7 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
             >
               <Loader2 size={13} className={activeRoutineRun.status === "queued" ? "" : "animate-spin"} />
               <span className="min-w-0 flex-1 truncate">
-                {activeRoutineRun.routineName} · {activeRoutineRun.status === "waiting" ? "needs you" : activeRoutineRun.status}
+                {activeRoutineRun.routineName} · {activeRoutineRun.status === "waiting" ? t("needs you") : t(activeRoutineRun.status)}
               </span>
             </button>
           )}
@@ -1046,10 +1055,10 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
                   <span className="min-w-0 flex-1">
                     <span className="block truncate text-[12.5px] font-medium text-ink">{routine.name}</span>
                     <span className="block truncate text-[10.5px] text-ink-secondary">
-                      {routineScheduleLabel(routine)}{routine.runOn === "cloud" ? " · runs on VM" : ""}
+                      {routineScheduleLabel(routine, locale, t)}{routine.runOn === "cloud" && <> · {t("runs on VM")}</>}
                     </span>
                   </span>
-                  <span className="shrink-0 text-[10px] text-ink-secondary">{nextRunLabel(routine.nextRunAt)}</span>
+                  <span className="shrink-0 text-[10px] text-ink-secondary">{nextRunLabel(routine.nextRunAt, locale, t)}</span>
                 </button>
               ))}
             </div>
@@ -1060,15 +1069,15 @@ export function ComputerPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
               className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-accent py-2 text-[13px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110"
             >
               <Plus size={14} />
-              Create schedule
+              {t("Create schedule")}
             </button>
             <button
               onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "showRoutines" })}
               className="flex items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-control px-3 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover"
-              title="Open schedules"
+              title={t("Open schedules")}
             >
               <CalendarDays size={14} />
-              Schedules
+              {t("Schedules")}
             </button>
           </div>
         </div>
diff --git a/src/components/EnginesSettings.tsx b/src/components/EnginesSettings.tsx
index 312e438b1..3d999c2c4 100644
--- a/src/components/EnginesSettings.tsx
+++ b/src/components/EnginesSettings.tsx
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import { EngineGroupLabel } from "./EngineGroupLabel";
 import { ProviderMark } from "./ProviderIcons";
 import { splitEngineRail } from "@/lib/engine-rail";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 
 interface ProbeResult {
   ok: boolean;
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ function CustomPicker({ instance, cliDefault, onClose, onSaved }: {
   onClose: () => void;
   onSaved: () => Promise<void>;
 }) {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const [candidates, setCandidates] = useState<string[] | null>(instance.cliCandidates ?? null);
   // `selected` starts EMPTY, never at instance.cli: a wrapper override
   // ("/ag claude agp") has no matching <option>, and a select whose value
@@ -114,11 +116,11 @@ function CustomPicker({ instance, cliDefault, onClose, onSaved }: {
               setSelected(e.target.value);
               setManual("");
             }}
-            aria-label={`${instance.displayName} detected CLI`}
+            aria-label={t("{name} detected CLI", { name: instance.displayName })}
             disabled={busy}
             className="w-full appearance-none rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 bg-inset px-3 py-2 pr-8 font-mono text-[12px] text-ink focus:border-hairline focus:outline-none disabled:opacity-50"
           >
-            <option value="">Select a detected binary…</option>
+            <option value="">{t("Select a detected binary…")}</option>
             {candidates.map((p) => (
               <option key={p} value={p}>{p}</option>
             ))}
@@ -136,8 +138,8 @@ function CustomPicker({ instance, cliDefault, onClose, onSaved }: {
           if (!value || !dirty) return; // nothing to save — same hint the disabled button gives
           save();
         }}
-        placeholder={candidates?.length ? "Enter path manually…" : "/absolute/path/to/cli"}
-        aria-label={`${instance.displayName} custom CLI path`}
+        placeholder={candidates?.length ? t("Enter path manually…") : "/absolute/path/to/cli"}
+        aria-label={t("{name} custom CLI path", { name: instance.displayName })}
         spellCheck={false}
         disabled={busy}
         className="w-full rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 bg-inset px-3 py-2 font-mono text-[12px] text-ink placeholder:font-sans placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:border-hairline focus:outline-none disabled:opacity-50"
@@ -146,13 +148,13 @@ function CustomPicker({ instance, cliDefault, onClose, onSaved }: {
         <div role="alert" className="flex gap-1.5 rounded-lg border border-warning/25 bg-warning/10 px-2.5 py-2 text-[12px] leading-relaxed text-warning">
           <TriangleAlert size={13} className="mt-0.5 shrink-0" />
           <span>
-            Test failed — {probe.message}
-            {" "}Register this path anyway?
+            {t("Test failed — {message}", { message: probe.message })}
+            {" "}{t("Register this path anyway?")}
           </span>
         </div>
       )}
       {probe?.ok && probe.version && (
-        <div className="text-[12px] text-success">Test passed — {probe.version}</div>
+        <div className="text-[12px] text-success">{t("Test passed — {version}", { version: probe.version })}</div>
       )}
       {error && <div role="alert" className="text-[12px] text-danger">{error}</div>}
       <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ function CustomPicker({ instance, cliDefault, onClose, onSaved }: {
           disabled={busy}
           className="rounded-lg px-3 py-1.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised/50 hover:text-ink disabled:opacity-50"
         >
-          Cancel
+          {t("Cancel")}
         </button>
         {probe && !probe.ok ? (
           <>
@@ -170,14 +172,14 @@ function CustomPicker({ instance, cliDefault, onClose, onSaved }: {
               disabled={busy}
               className="rounded-lg px-3 py-1.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised/50 hover:text-ink disabled:opacity-50"
             >
-              Edit path
+              {t("Edit path")}
             </button>
             <button
               onClick={() => persist()}
               disabled={busy}
               className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-raised px-3 py-1.5 text-[13px] text-danger hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-50"
             >
-              {saving ? <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" /> : "Save anyway"}
+              {saving ? <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" /> : t("Save anyway")}
             </button>
           </>
         ) : (
@@ -190,7 +192,7 @@ function CustomPicker({ instance, cliDefault, onClose, onSaved }: {
               "disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-50",
             )}
           >
-            {busy ? <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" /> : <><Check size={13} />Save</>}
+            {busy ? <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" /> : <><Check size={13} />{t("Save")}</>}
           </button>
         )}
       </div>
@@ -200,6 +202,7 @@ function CustomPicker({ instance, cliDefault, onClose, onSaved }: {
 
 function EngineRow({ instance }: { instance: InstanceInfo }) {
   const { refreshInstances } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const [open, setOpen] = useState(false);
   const [switching, setSwitching] = useState(false);
   const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -243,7 +246,7 @@ function EngineRow({ instance }: { instance: InstanceInfo }) {
           </span>
         ) : (
           instance.cliDefault && (
-            <span className="truncate text-[11px] text-ink-secondary">{instance.cliDefault} · default</span>
+            <span className="truncate text-[11px] text-ink-secondary">{instance.cliDefault} · {t("default")}</span>
           )
         )}
         <span className="flex-1" />
@@ -253,7 +256,7 @@ function EngineRow({ instance }: { instance: InstanceInfo }) {
             disabled={switching}
             className="shrink-0 text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink disabled:opacity-50"
           >
-            {switching ? "Resetting…" : "Reset"}
+            {switching ? t("Resetting…") : t("Reset")}
           </button>
         )}
         <button
@@ -264,7 +267,7 @@ function EngineRow({ instance }: { instance: InstanceInfo }) {
             open ? "bg-accent/15 text-accent" : "text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised/50 hover:text-ink",
           )}
         >
-          Set CLI…
+          {t("Set CLI…")}
         </button>
       </div>
       {error && <div role="alert" className="mt-1 text-[12px] text-danger">{error}</div>}
@@ -282,6 +285,7 @@ function EngineRow({ instance }: { instance: InstanceInfo }) {
 
 export function EnginesSettings() {
   const { state } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   // every KNOWN-driver instance has cliDefault; unknown-driver shadows have
   // neither unless an override was set. Including them keeps a Reset-able row
   // (and a Set CLI… path) for engines the running build doesn't recognize.
@@ -290,17 +294,17 @@ export function EnginesSettings() {
   return (
     <div className="flex flex-col gap-5">
       {rows.length === 0 && (
-        <div className="text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">No CLI engines detected yet.</div>
+        <div className="text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">{t("No CLI engines detected yet.")}</div>
       )}
       {(() => {
         const { subscription, custom } = splitEngineRail(rows);
         return (
           <>
-            {subscription.length > 0 && <EngineGroupLabel>Cloud</EngineGroupLabel>}
+            {subscription.length > 0 && <EngineGroupLabel>{t("Cloud")}</EngineGroupLabel>}
             {subscription.map((i) => (
               <EngineRow key={i.instanceId} instance={i} />
             ))}
-            {custom.length > 0 && <EngineGroupLabel className="pt-1">Local</EngineGroupLabel>}
+            {custom.length > 0 && <EngineGroupLabel className="pt-1">{t("Local")}</EngineGroupLabel>}
             {custom.map((i) => (
               <EngineRow key={i.instanceId} instance={i} />
             ))}
@@ -308,8 +312,7 @@ export function EnginesSettings() {
         );
       })()}
       <div className="text-[12px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
-        Set CLI points an engine at a specific binary — a versioned build, a wrapper script, or an
-        absolute path. Saving reloads providers and interrupts any running turns.
+        {t("Set CLI points an engine at a specific binary — a versioned build, a wrapper script, or an absolute path. Saving reloads providers and interrupts any running turns.")}
       </div>
     </div>
   );
diff --git a/src/components/GroupView.tsx b/src/components/GroupView.tsx
index 4ac2953dc..ba05d24e3 100644
--- a/src/components/GroupView.tsx
+++ b/src/components/GroupView.tsx
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import {
 } from "@/state/store";
 import { MausAvatar } from "./Avatar";
 import { normalizeState } from "@/lib/mascot";
-import { effectiveDefaultResponder, groupResponseHint } from "@/lib/group-routing";
+import { defaultResponderName, effectiveDefaultResponder, groupResponseHint } from "@/lib/group-routing";
 import { ChatMarkdown } from "./ChatMarkdown";
 import { Composer } from "./Composer";
 import { ConnectorCard } from "./ConnectorCard";
@@ -37,15 +37,19 @@ import {
   resolveTranscriptWindow,
   tailWindowStart,
 } from "@/lib/transcript-window";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
+import type { TranslationValues } from "@/lib/i18n";
 
-function dayLabel(at: number): string {
+type Translate = (source: string, values?: TranslationValues) => string;
+
+function dayLabel(at: number, locale: string, t: Translate): string {
   const d = new Date(at);
   const now = new Date();
   const startOfDay = (x: Date) => new Date(x.getFullYear(), x.getMonth(), x.getDate()).getTime();
   const diffDays = Math.round((startOfDay(now) - startOfDay(d)) / 86_400_000);
-  if (diffDays === 0) return "Today";
-  if (diffDays === 1) return "Yesterday";
-  return d.toLocaleDateString([], { weekday: "short", month: "short", day: "numeric" });
+  if (diffDays === 0) return t("Today");
+  if (diffDays === 1) return t("Yesterday");
+  return d.toLocaleDateString(locale, { weekday: "short", month: "short", day: "numeric" });
 }
 
 /** 16px maus + name, shown once per sender cluster. */
@@ -68,6 +72,7 @@ function ClusterLabel({ bot, name, color }: { bot?: Bot; name: string; color: st
 /** Pin toggle for one room message — one pin per room, patchGroup path. */
 function PinToggle({ group, message }: { group: Group; message: Message }) {
   const { dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const pinned = group.pinnedMessageId === message.id;
   return (
     <button
@@ -78,9 +83,9 @@ function PinToggle({ group, message }: { group: Group; message: Message }) {
           patch: { pinnedMessageId: pinned ? "" : message.id },
         })
       }
-      aria-label={pinned ? "Unpin message" : "Pin message"}
+      aria-label={pinned ? t("Unpin message") : t("Pin message")}
       className="rounded-md p-1.5 text-ink-secondary opacity-0 transition-opacity hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink focus-visible:opacity-100 group-hover:opacity-100 group-focus-within:opacity-100"
-      title={pinned ? "Unpin this message" : "Pin this message to the top of the channel"}
+      title={pinned ? t("Unpin this message") : t("Pin this message to the top of the channel")}
     >
       {pinned ? <PinOff size={14} /> : <Pin size={14} />}
     </button>
@@ -97,6 +102,7 @@ const Transcript = memo(function Transcript({
   /** The windowed suffix of group.messages — the boundary lives in GroupView. */
   messages: Message[];
 }) {
+  const { locale, t } = useI18n();
   const memberOf = (id?: string) => members.find((b) => b.id === id);
   const textMessages = messages;
   return (
@@ -145,7 +151,7 @@ const Transcript = memo(function Transcript({
                 </div>
                 {!user && <ReactionBar threadId={group.threadId} message={m} />}
                 <span className="self-end pb-1 text-[11px] tabular-nums text-ink-secondary/70 opacity-0 transition-opacity group-hover:opacity-100">
-                  {formatTime(m.at)}
+                  {formatTime(m.at, locale)}
                 </span>
               </div>
               <ReactionChips threadId={group.threadId} message={m} members={members} align={user ? "right" : "left"} />
@@ -156,7 +162,7 @@ const Transcript = memo(function Transcript({
           <div key={m.id} className="contents" data-mid={m.id}>
             {newDay && (
               <div className="py-3 text-center text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
-                {dayLabel(m.at)} {formatTime(m.at)}
+                {dayLabel(m.at, locale, t)} {formatTime(m.at, locale)}
               </div>
             )}
             {!user && m.from && newCluster && (
@@ -184,15 +190,16 @@ function StreamingBubble({ text }: { text: string }) {
 
 function DefaultResponderSelect({ group, members }: { group: Group; members: Bot[] }) {
   const { dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const responder = effectiveDefaultResponder(group, members);
   const value = responder.kind === "member" ? `member:${responder.botId}` : responder.kind;
   const lead = responder.kind === "member" ? members.find((member) => member.id === responder.botId) : undefined;
   const title =
     responder.kind === "everyone"
-      ? "Plain messages go to every channel member; @mentions override this"
+      ? t("Plain messages go to every channel member; @mentions override this")
       : responder.kind === "mentions"
-        ? "Only explicitly @mentioned bots respond"
-        : `Plain messages go to ${lead?.name ?? "the lead bot"}; @mentions override this`;
+        ? t("Only explicitly @mentioned bots respond")
+        : t("Plain messages go to {name}; @mentions override this", { name: lead?.name ?? t("the lead bot") });
 
   const change = (nextValue: string) => {
     let next: GroupDefaultResponder;
@@ -205,21 +212,21 @@ function DefaultResponderSelect({ group, members }: { group: Group; members: Bot
   return (
     <div className="relative shrink-0" title={title}>
       <select
-        aria-label="Default responder"
+        aria-label={t("Default responder")}
         value={value}
         onChange={(event) => change(event.target.value)}
         className="h-8 max-w-[190px] appearance-none truncate rounded-full border border-hairline/40 bg-raised/60 py-1 pl-3 pr-7 text-[12.5px] font-medium text-ink outline-none hover:bg-raised focus:border-accent"
       >
-        <optgroup label="Channel lead">
+        <optgroup label={t("Channel lead")}>
           {members.map((member) => (
             <option key={member.id} value={`member:${member.id}`}>
-              Lead: {member.name}
+              {t("Lead: {name}", { name: member.name })}
             </option>
           ))}
         </optgroup>
-        <optgroup label="Channel behavior">
-          <option value="everyone">Everyone responds</option>
-          <option value="mentions">Only when mentioned</option>
+        <optgroup label={t("Channel behavior")}>
+          <option value="everyone">{t("Everyone responds")}</option>
+          <option value="mentions">{t("Only when mentioned")}</option>
         </optgroup>
       </select>
       <ChevronDown
@@ -240,6 +247,7 @@ function DefaultResponderSelect({ group, members }: { group: Group; members: Bot
  * rejected folder must not stick in local state. */
 function RoomWorkingFolder({ group }: { group: Group }) {
   const { capabilities } = useDesktopCapabilities();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const home = capabilities.host.homeDir;
   const [draft, setDraft] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -268,28 +276,28 @@ function RoomWorkingFolder({ group }: { group: Group }) {
 
   return (
     <div className="rounded-xl bg-card p-4">
-      <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">Working folder</div>
-      <div className="mt-0.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">Where every bot in this channel runs its shell and file tools.</div>
+      <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">{t("Working folder")}</div>
+      <div className="mt-0.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Where every bot in this channel runs its shell and file tools.")}</div>
       {locked ? (
         <div className="mt-3">
           <div className="truncate rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 bg-inset px-3 py-2 font-mono text-[12.5px] text-ink" title={shownCwd}>
-            {shownCwd ? shortPath(shownCwd, home) : <span className="text-ink-secondary">Each bot's own folder</span>}
+            {shownCwd ? shortPath(shownCwd, home) : <span className="text-ink-secondary">{t("Each bot's own folder")}</span>}
           </div>
           <div className="mt-2 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">
-            Fixed after this channel's first turn. Create a new channel and choose its folder before sending the first message to work somewhere else.
+            {t("Fixed after this channel's first turn. Create a new channel and choose its folder before sending the first message to work somewhere else.")}
           </div>
         </div>
       ) : canPick ? (
         <div className="mt-3 flex items-center gap-2">
           <div className="min-w-0 flex-1 truncate rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 bg-inset px-3 py-2 font-mono text-[12.5px] text-ink" title={group.cwd}>
-            {group.cwd ? shortPath(group.cwd, home) : <span className="text-ink-secondary">Each bot's own folder</span>}
+            {group.cwd ? shortPath(group.cwd, home) : <span className="text-ink-secondary">{t("Each bot's own folder")}</span>}
           </div>
           <button onClick={() => void pick()} disabled={saving} className="flex shrink-0 items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-raised px-3 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-50">
-            <FolderOpen size={14} /> Choose…
+            <FolderOpen size={14} /> {t("Choose…")}
           </button>
           {group.cwd && (
             <button onClick={() => void save(null)} disabled={saving} className="shrink-0 rounded-lg px-2 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink disabled:opacity-50">
-              Clear
+              {t("Clear")}
             </button>
           )}
         </div>
@@ -304,12 +312,12 @@ function RoomWorkingFolder({ group }: { group: Group }) {
         >
           <input
             className="w-full rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 bg-inset px-3 py-2.5 font-mono text-[12.5px] text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:outline-none focus:border-hairline"
-            placeholder="Each bot's own folder — or an absolute path"
+            placeholder={t("Each bot's own folder — or an absolute path")}
             value={draft ?? group.cwd ?? ""}
             onChange={(e) => setDraft(e.target.value)}
           />
           <button type="submit" disabled={saving || draft === null} className="shrink-0 rounded-lg bg-raised px-3 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-50">
-            Save
+            {t("Save")}
           </button>
         </form>
       )}
@@ -322,13 +330,14 @@ function RoomWorkingFolder({ group }: { group: Group }) {
  * else the room folder a first turn would pin. Always present so the desk
  * is settable before any folder exists; quiet (icon only) until then. */
 function RoomWorkingFolderChip({ group, onToggle }: { group: Group; onToggle: () => void }) {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const folder = group.pinnedCwd === undefined ? group.cwd : (group.pinnedCwd ?? undefined);
   if (!folder) {
     return (
       <button
         onClick={onToggle}
         className="rounded-md p-1.5 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
-        title="Channel working folder"
+        title={t("Channel working folder")}
       >
         <Folder size={14} />
       </button>
@@ -339,7 +348,7 @@ function RoomWorkingFolderChip({ group, onToggle }: { group: Group; onToggle: ()
     <button
       onClick={onToggle}
       className="flex max-w-[180px] items-center gap-1.5 rounded-full border border-hairline/40 bg-raised/60 px-2.5 py-1 text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
-      title={`Working folder: ${folder}`}
+      title={t("Working folder: {folder}", { folder })}
     >
       <Folder size={12} />
       <span className="truncate font-mono">{name}</span>
@@ -386,6 +395,7 @@ function roomNeedsSetup(group: Group): boolean {
 
 function RoomSetup({ group, members }: { group: Group; members: Bot[] }) {
   const { dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const [folder, setFolder] = useState(group.cwd ?? "");
   const [behavior, setBehavior] = useState<RoomResponderMode>(setupResponderMode(group.defaultResponder));
   const [leadId, setLeadId] = useState(
@@ -470,9 +480,9 @@ function RoomSetup({ group, members }: { group: Group; members: Bot[] }) {
         <div className="flex items-start gap-3">
           <span className="flex size-9 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-xl bg-accent text-sm font-bold text-white">1</span>
           <div>
-            <h1 id="room-setup-title" className="text-xl font-semibold tracking-tight text-ink">Set up {group.name}</h1>
+            <h1 id="room-setup-title" className="text-xl font-semibold tracking-tight text-ink">{t("Set up {name}", { name: group.name })}</h1>
             <p className="mt-1 max-w-[560px] text-[13.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
-              Give this room a shared workspace, response style, and a little context before the first conversation starts.
+              {t("Give this room a shared workspace, response style, and a little context before the first conversation starts.")}
             </p>
           </div>
         </div>
@@ -485,13 +495,13 @@ function RoomSetup({ group, members }: { group: Group; members: Bot[] }) {
         }}
       >
         <label className="block">
-          <span className="text-[13px] font-semibold text-ink">Working folder</span>
-          <span className="mt-1 block text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">Where room members run file and shell tools.</span>
+          <span className="text-[13px] font-semibold text-ink">{t("Working folder")}</span>
+          <span className="mt-1 block text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Where room members run file and shell tools.")}</span>
           <div className="mt-2 flex gap-2">
             <input
               value={folder}
               onChange={(event) => setFolder(event.target.value)}
-              placeholder="Each bot's own folder"
+              placeholder={t("Each bot's own folder")}
               className="min-w-0 flex-1 rounded-xl border border-hairline/50 bg-inset px-3 py-2.5 font-mono text-[12.5px] text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:border-accent focus:outline-none"
             />
             {window.ogb?.pickFolder && (
@@ -501,16 +511,16 @@ function RoomSetup({ group, members }: { group: Group; members: Bot[] }) {
                 disabled={saving}
                 className="flex shrink-0 items-center gap-1.5 rounded-xl border border-hairline/50 bg-raised px-3 py-2 text-[13px] font-medium text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-50"
               >
-                <FolderOpen size={14} /> Choose
+                <FolderOpen size={14} /> {t("Choose")}
               </button>
             )}
           </div>
         </label>
 
         <fieldset className="block">
-          <legend className="text-[13px] font-semibold text-ink">Default responder</legend>
-          <p className="mt-1 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">Choose who answers when nobody is mentioned.</p>
-          <div role="radiogroup" aria-label="Default responder" className="mt-2 grid gap-2 sm:grid-cols-3">
+          <legend className="text-[13px] font-semibold text-ink">{t("Default responder")}</legend>
+          <p className="mt-1 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Choose who answers when nobody is mentioned.")}</p>
+          <div role="radiogroup" aria-label={t("Default responder")} className="mt-2 grid gap-2 sm:grid-cols-3">
             <div ref={leadPickerRef} className="relative min-w-0">
               <button
                 type="button"
@@ -540,7 +550,7 @@ function RoomSetup({ group, members }: { group: Group; members: Bot[] }) {
                     >
                       {behavior === "lead" && <span className="size-1.5 rounded-full bg-white" />}
                     </span>
-                    Specific lead
+                    {t("Specific lead")}
                   </span>
                   <ChevronDown
                     size={14}
@@ -549,18 +559,18 @@ function RoomSetup({ group, members }: { group: Group; members: Bot[] }) {
                   />
                 </span>
                 <span className="ml-6 mt-2 truncate text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">
-                  {selectedLead?.name ?? "Choose a teammate"}
+                  {selectedLead?.name ?? t("Choose a teammate")}
                 </span>
               </button>
               {behavior === "lead" && leadPickerOpen && (
                 <div
                   role="listbox"
-                  aria-label="Choose a lead"
+                  aria-label={t("Choose a lead")}
                   className="absolute left-0 top-full z-30 mt-2 w-72 max-w-[calc(100vw-3rem)] overflow-hidden rounded-2xl border border-hairline/60 bg-panel shadow-2xl shadow-black/20"
                 >
                   <div className="border-b border-hairline/40 px-3 py-2.5">
-                    <div className="text-[12.5px] font-semibold text-ink">Choose a lead</div>
-                    <div className="mt-0.5 text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">Plain messages go to this teammate.</div>
+                    <div className="text-[12.5px] font-semibold text-ink">{t("Choose a lead")}</div>
+                    <div className="mt-0.5 text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Plain messages go to this teammate.")}</div>
                   </div>
                   <div className="max-h-48 overflow-y-auto p-1.5">
                     {members.map((member) => {
@@ -624,9 +634,9 @@ function RoomSetup({ group, members }: { group: Group; members: Bot[] }) {
                 >
                   {behavior === "everyone" && <span className="size-1.5 rounded-full bg-white" />}
                 </span>
-                Everyone responds
+                {t("Everyone responds")}
               </span>
-              <span className="ml-6 mt-2 text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">All room members</span>
+              <span className="ml-6 mt-2 text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">{t("All room members")}</span>
             </button>
 
             <button
@@ -654,21 +664,21 @@ function RoomSetup({ group, members }: { group: Group; members: Bot[] }) {
                 >
                   {behavior === "mentions" && <span className="size-1.5 rounded-full bg-white" />}
                 </span>
-                Only when mentioned
+                {t("Only when mentioned")}
               </span>
-              <span className="ml-6 mt-2 text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">Only @mentioned members</span>
+              <span className="ml-6 mt-2 text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Only @mentioned members")}</span>
             </button>
           </div>
         </fieldset>
 
         <label className="block">
-          <span className="text-[13px] font-semibold text-ink">Room instructions</span>
-          <span className="mt-1 block text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">A shared brief every member sees on each turn. You can edit it later.</span>
+          <span className="text-[13px] font-semibold text-ink">{t("Room instructions")}</span>
+          <span className="mt-1 block text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">{t("A shared brief every member sees on each turn. You can edit it later.")}</span>
           <textarea
             value={instructions}
             onChange={(event) => setInstructions(event.target.value)}
             rows={5}
-            placeholder="Goals, tone, ownership, constraints…"
+            placeholder={t("Goals, tone, ownership, constraints…")}
             className="mt-2 w-full resize-y rounded-xl border border-hairline/50 bg-inset px-3 py-2.5 text-[13px] leading-relaxed text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:border-accent focus:outline-none"
           />
         </label>
@@ -681,7 +691,7 @@ function RoomSetup({ group, members }: { group: Group; members: Bot[] }) {
             disabled={saving}
             className="rounded-xl px-3 py-2 text-left text-[13px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink disabled:opacity-50"
           >
-            Skip for now
+            {t("Skip for now")}
           </button>
           <button
             type="submit"
@@ -689,7 +699,7 @@ function RoomSetup({ group, members }: { group: Group; members: Bot[] }) {
             className="flex items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-xl bg-accent px-4 py-2.5 text-[13px] font-semibold text-white hover:brightness-110 disabled:opacity-50"
           >
             {saving && <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" />}
-            Save & continue
+            {t("Save & continue")}
           </button>
         </div>
       </form>
@@ -698,6 +708,7 @@ function RoomSetup({ group, members }: { group: Group; members: Bot[] }) {
 }
 export function GroupView({ group }: { group: Group }) {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const stream = useStreaming();
   const streaming = stream.streaming[group.threadId];
   const scrollRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
@@ -823,7 +834,7 @@ export function GroupView({ group }: { group: Group }) {
   const memberMauses = members.map((b) => (
     <span
       key={b.id}
-      title={`${b.name}${group.busyBotId === b.id ? " — working…" : ""}`}
+      title={group.busyBotId === b.id ? t("{name} — working…", { name: b.name }) : b.name}
       className={cn(
         "relative inline-flex rounded-full",
         group.busyBotId === b.id && "ring-2 ring-accent/50 ring-offset-1 ring-offset-app",
@@ -870,8 +881,11 @@ export function GroupView({ group }: { group: Group }) {
               ref={membersTriggerRef}
               type="button"
               onClick={() => setMembersOpen(true)}
-              title="Manage members"
-              aria-label={`Manage members — ${members.length} ${members.length === 1 ? "bot" : "bots"} in this channel`}
+              title={t("Manage members")}
+              aria-label={t("Manage members — {count} {unit} in this channel", {
+                count: members.length,
+                unit: members.length === 1 ? t("bot") : t("bots"),
+              })}
               className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-full py-0.5 pl-1 pr-1.5 hover:bg-raised/60"
             >
               {memberMauses}
@@ -899,7 +913,7 @@ export function GroupView({ group }: { group: Group }) {
                   setBulletinOpen(false);
                 }
               }}
-              placeholder="Channel instructions — every bot in this channel follows them (who does what, tone, goals, a task checklist…)"
+              placeholder={t("Channel instructions — every bot in this channel follows them (who does what, tone, goals, a task checklist…)")}
               rows={4}
               className="w-full resize-none bg-transparent text-[13px] leading-relaxed text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:outline-none"
             />
@@ -908,11 +922,11 @@ export function GroupView({ group }: { group: Group }) {
           <button
             onClick={() => setBulletinOpen(true)}
             className="mb-1 flex w-full items-center gap-2 rounded-lg px-2 py-1.5 text-left hover:bg-raised/40"
-            title="Channel bulletin — shared instructions for every bot here"
+            title={t("Channel bulletin — shared instructions for every bot here")}
           >
             <Pin size={12} className="shrink-0 text-ink-secondary" />
             <span className={cn("truncate text-[12.5px]", group.bulletin ? "text-ink-secondary" : "text-ink-secondary/60")}>
-              {group.bulletin.split("\n")[0] || "Add channel instructions…"}
+              {group.bulletin.split("\n")[0] || t("Add channel instructions…")}
             </span>
           </button>
         )}
@@ -932,7 +946,7 @@ export function GroupView({ group }: { group: Group }) {
         const pinned = group.messages.find((m) => m.id === group.pinnedMessageId && m.kind === "text");
         const text = pinned ? (pinned.text ?? "").replace(/\s+/g, " ").trim() : "";
         if (!pinned || !text) return null;
-        const sender = pinned.role === "user" ? "You" : (pinned.from?.name ?? "A bot");
+        const sender = pinned.role === "user" ? t("You") : (pinned.from?.name ?? t("A bot"));
         return (
           <div className="mx-auto w-full max-w-[900px] px-5">
             <div className="mb-2 flex items-center gap-2 rounded-lg border border-accent/25 bg-accent/[0.07] px-3 py-1.5">
@@ -940,15 +954,15 @@ export function GroupView({ group }: { group: Group }) {
               <button
                 onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "focusMessage", threadId: group.threadId, messageId: pinned.id })}
                 className="flex min-w-0 flex-1 items-baseline gap-2 text-left"
-                title="Jump to the pinned message"
+                title={t("Jump to the pinned message")}
               >
                 <span className="shrink-0 text-[11.5px] font-medium text-accent">{sender}</span>
                 <span className="truncate text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary">{text}</span>
               </button>
               <button
                 onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "patchGroup", groupId: group.id, patch: { pinnedMessageId: "" } })}
-                aria-label="Unpin message"
-                title="Unpin"
+                aria-label={t("Unpin message")}
+                title={t("Unpin")}
                 className="shrink-0 rounded p-0.5 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
               >
                 <X size={13} />
@@ -995,7 +1009,7 @@ export function GroupView({ group }: { group: Group }) {
           className="mx-auto flex max-w-[900px] flex-col gap-3 pb-4"
           role="log"
           aria-live="polite"
-          aria-label={`Room ${group.name}`}
+          aria-label={t("Room {name}", { name: group.name })}
         >
           {group.messages.length === 0 && (
             <div className="flex flex-1 flex-col items-center justify-center gap-3 py-24 text-center">
@@ -1014,7 +1028,9 @@ export function GroupView({ group }: { group: Group }) {
               </div>
               <div className="text-[17px] font-semibold text-ink">{group.name}</div>
               <div className="max-w-[380px] text-[14px] text-ink-secondary">
-                {groupResponseHint(group, members)}
+                {t(groupResponseHint(group, members), {
+                  name: defaultResponderName(group, members) ?? t("The lead bot"),
+                })}
               </div>
             </div>
           )}
@@ -1024,7 +1040,7 @@ export function GroupView({ group }: { group: Group }) {
                 onClick={showEarlier}
                 className="rounded-full border border-hairline/40 bg-panel px-3 py-1 text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
               >
-                Show earlier messages ({hiddenCount} more)
+                {t("Show earlier messages ({count} more)", { count: hiddenCount })}
               </button>
             </div>
           )}
@@ -1035,7 +1051,7 @@ export function GroupView({ group }: { group: Group }) {
                 onClick={showLater}
                 className="rounded-full border border-hairline/40 bg-panel px-3 py-1 text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
               >
-                Show later messages ({laterCount} more)
+                {t("Show later messages ({count} more)", { count: laterCount })}
               </button>
             </div>
           )}
@@ -1070,10 +1086,10 @@ export function GroupView({ group }: { group: Group }) {
               scrollRef.current?.scrollTo({ top: scrollRef.current.scrollHeight, behavior: "smooth" });
             });
           }}
-          aria-label="Jump to latest messages"
+          aria-label={t("Jump to latest messages")}
           className="animate-pop-in absolute bottom-24 left-1/2 z-10 flex -translate-x-1/2 items-center gap-1.5 rounded-full border border-hairline/40 bg-raised px-3 py-1.5 text-[12.5px] text-ink shadow-lg hover:bg-raised-hover"
         >
-          <ArrowDown size={13} /> Jump to latest
+          <ArrowDown size={13} /> {t("Jump to latest")}
         </button>
       )}
 
diff --git a/src/components/LinuxLocalControl.tsx b/src/components/LinuxLocalControl.tsx
index 8aca4f0a4..633acc9c5 100644
--- a/src/components/LinuxLocalControl.tsx
+++ b/src/components/LinuxLocalControl.tsx
@@ -11,11 +11,13 @@ import {
 
 import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
 import { useDesktopCapabilities } from "./DesktopCapabilities";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 
 const LINUX_GUIDE_URL =
   "https://github.com/milind-soni/OpenMausBot/blob/main/docs/linux-desktop.md#enable-local-control";
 
 export function LinuxLocalControl() {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const { capabilities } = useDesktopCapabilities();
   const local = capabilities.localComputer;
   const [pending, setPending] = useState<"enable" | "disable" | "retry" | null>(null);
@@ -50,7 +52,7 @@ export function LinuxLocalControl() {
         <div>
           <div id="linux-local-control-title" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">
             <MonitorCog size={16} className={ready ? "text-success" : "text-ink-secondary"} />
-            Local control
+            {t("Local control")}
           </div>
           <div className="mt-1 text-[12px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
             Beta · Ubuntu 24.04 GNOME/{wayland ? "Wayland" : "Xorg"} · Cua Driver 0.19.3
@@ -62,7 +64,7 @@ export function LinuxLocalControl() {
             ready ? "bg-success/10 text-success" : local.enabled ? "bg-warning/10 text-warning" : "bg-raised text-ink-secondary",
           )}
         >
-          {ready ? "Ready" : local.enabled ? "Needs attention" : "Off"}
+          {ready ? t("Ready") : local.enabled ? t("Needs attention") : t("Off")}
         </span>
       </div>
 
@@ -71,9 +73,8 @@ export function LinuxLocalControl() {
           <div className="flex gap-2 text-[12px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
             <AlertTriangle size={15} className="mt-0.5 shrink-0 text-warning" />
             <span>
-              Enabling lets bots you explicitly assign to <strong className="font-medium text-ink">This computer</strong>{" "}
-              inspect the active desktop and request mouse or keyboard actions. Every local action asks you first.
-              {wayland && " GNOME may also ask you to allow foreground input for this desktop session."}
+              {t("Enabling lets bots you explicitly assign to This computer inspect the active desktop and request mouse or keyboard actions. Every local action asks you first.")}
+              {wayland && t(" GNOME may also ask you to allow foreground input for this desktop session.")}
             </span>
           </div>
         </div>
@@ -89,13 +90,13 @@ export function LinuxLocalControl() {
             )}
             <span aria-live="polite">
               {ready
-                ? "Ready for bots explicitly assigned to this computer."
-                : local.message ?? "Checking the driver and desktop session…"}
+                ? t("Ready for bots explicitly assigned to this computer.")
+                : local.message ? t(local.message) : t("Checking the driver and desktop session…")}
             </span>
           </div>
           {local.driverPath && (
             <div className="mt-2 break-all font-mono text-[10px] text-ink-secondary/80" title={local.driverPath}>
-              {bundledDriver ? "Bundled Cua Driver" : local.driverPath}
+              {bundledDriver ? t("Bundled Cua Driver") : local.driverPath}
               {local.driverVersion ? ` · ${local.driverVersion}` : ""}
             </div>
           )}
@@ -113,7 +114,7 @@ export function LinuxLocalControl() {
             className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-accent py-2 text-[13px] font-medium text-white hover:opacity-90 disabled:opacity-50"
           >
             {pending === "enable" ? <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" /> : <Power size={14} />}
-            Enable local control (Beta)
+            {t("Enable local control (Beta)")}
           </button>
         ) : (
           <>
@@ -125,7 +126,7 @@ export function LinuxLocalControl() {
                 className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-raised py-2 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-50"
               >
                 {pending === "retry" ? <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" /> : <RotateCcw size={14} />}
-                Try again
+                {t("Try again")}
               </button>
             )}
             <button
@@ -135,7 +136,7 @@ export function LinuxLocalControl() {
               className="flex flex-1 items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-raised py-2 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-50"
             >
               {pending === "disable" ? <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" /> : <Power size={14} />}
-              Disable local control
+              {t("Disable local control")}
             </button>
           </>
         )}
@@ -146,7 +147,7 @@ export function LinuxLocalControl() {
         onClick={() => window.open(LINUX_GUIDE_URL, "_blank", "noopener,noreferrer")}
         className="mt-2 flex w-full items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg py-1.5 text-[11px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
       >
-        {capabilities.host.packaged ? "Local control guide" : "Driver setup and troubleshooting"}{" "}
+        {capabilities.host.packaged ? t("Local control guide") : t("Driver setup and troubleshooting")}{" "}
         <ExternalLink size={11} />
       </button>
     </section>
diff --git a/src/components/LocalComputerAutoWarning.tsx b/src/components/LocalComputerAutoWarning.tsx
index 82883cdae..a768ff75f 100644
--- a/src/components/LocalComputerAutoWarning.tsx
+++ b/src/components/LocalComputerAutoWarning.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { useEffect, useRef } from "react";
 import { AlertTriangle } from "lucide-react";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 
 export const LOCAL_COMPUTER_AUTO_WARNING =
   "Auto mode will let this bot click, type, and run tools on this computer without asking first. Destructive and sensitive actions still stop. Continue only if you are watching.";
@@ -13,6 +14,7 @@ export function LocalComputerAutoWarning({
   onCancel: () => void;
   onConfirm: () => void;
 }) {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const confirmRef = useRef<HTMLButtonElement>(null);
 
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -46,10 +48,10 @@ export function LocalComputerAutoWarning({
           <AlertTriangle size={18} className="mt-0.5 shrink-0 text-warning" />
           <div>
             <h2 id="local-auto-warning-title" className="text-[15px] font-semibold text-ink">
-              Allow Auto mode on this computer?
+              {t("Allow Auto mode on this computer?")}
             </h2>
             <p id="local-auto-warning-body" className="mt-1.5 text-[13px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
-              {LOCAL_COMPUTER_AUTO_WARNING}
+              {t(LOCAL_COMPUTER_AUTO_WARNING)}
             </p>
           </div>
         </div>
@@ -59,7 +61,7 @@ export function LocalComputerAutoWarning({
             onClick={onCancel}
             className="rounded-xl px-4 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
           >
-            Cancel
+            {t("Cancel")}
           </button>
           <button
             ref={confirmRef}
@@ -67,7 +69,7 @@ export function LocalComputerAutoWarning({
             onClick={onConfirm}
             className="rounded-xl bg-accent px-4 py-2 text-[13px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110"
           >
-            OK
+            {t("OK")}
           </button>
         </div>
       </div>
diff --git a/src/components/LocalComputerSection.tsx b/src/components/LocalComputerSection.tsx
index 8dfd1fa9e..99b878e99 100644
--- a/src/components/LocalComputerSection.tsx
+++ b/src/components/LocalComputerSection.tsx
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import {
 } from "lucide-react";
 import { Card, CommandLine } from "./SettingsPrimitives";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 
 type Action = "pull" | "run" | "start" | "stop" | "remove" | "recreate";
 
@@ -101,6 +102,7 @@ function ActionButton({
 }
 
 export function LocalComputerSection() {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const [status, setStatus] = useState<Status | null>(null);
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
   const [pending, setPending] = useState<Action | null>(null);
@@ -111,10 +113,10 @@ export function LocalComputerSection() {
   const refresh = useCallback(async (signal?: AbortSignal) => {
     const response = await fetch("/api/local-computer", { signal });
     const body = await response.json().catch(() => ({}));
-    if (!response.ok) throw new Error(body.error ?? `Status request failed (${response.status})`);
+    if (!response.ok) throw new Error(body.error ?? t("Status request failed ({status})", { status: response.status }));
     setStatus(body as Status);
     setError(null);
-  }, []);
+  }, [t]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     let active = true;
@@ -158,11 +160,11 @@ export function LocalComputerSection() {
   const act = async (action: Action) => {
     if (
       action === "remove" &&
-      !window.confirm("Delete the Local VM? Files and browser sign-ins in its durable workspace will remain.")
+      !window.confirm(t("Delete the Local VM? Files and browser sign-ins in its durable workspace will remain."))
     ) return;
     if (
       action === "recreate" &&
-      !window.confirm("Replace the existing Local VM with the pinned image and safety limits? Files and browser sign-ins in its durable workspace will remain.")
+      !window.confirm(t("Replace the existing Local VM with the pinned image and safety limits? Files and browser sign-ins in its durable workspace will remain."))
     ) return;
     setPending(action);
     setError(null);
@@ -193,7 +195,7 @@ export function LocalComputerSection() {
         body: JSON.stringify({ localVm: { mode, maxInstances } }),
       });
       const body = await response.json().catch(() => ({}));
-      if (!response.ok) throw new Error(body.error ?? "Could not save the Local VM isolation policy");
+      if (!response.ok) throw new Error(body.error ?? t("Could not save the Local VM isolation policy"));
       setStatus((current) => current ? { ...current, mode, max_instances: maxInstances } : current);
       await refresh();
     } catch (e) {
@@ -216,7 +218,7 @@ export function LocalComputerSection() {
         status?.persistence === "unsafe"),
   );
   const unavailable = !loading && !status;
-  const host = status?.platform === "darwin" ? "Mac" : "computer";
+  const host = status?.platform === "darwin" ? "Mac" : t("computer");
   const perBot = status?.mode === "per-bot";
   const perBotRuntimeUnsupported = perBot && status?.runtime === "container";
   const headerReady = perBot ? Boolean(status?.daemonUp && status?.image && !perBotRuntimeUnsupported) : ready;
@@ -224,10 +226,10 @@ export function LocalComputerSection() {
   return (
     <>
       <Card
-        title="Local VM"
+        title={t("Local VM")}
         subtitle={perBot
-          ? `Private Cua Linux desktops on this ${host}, with one container and durable workspace per bot. Distinct bots can work concurrently and idle desktops stop after 8 hours.`
-          : `A shared Cua Linux sandbox on this ${host} for bots to browse and work in — isolated, backed by one durable workspace, and automatically recycled after 8 hours without activity.`}
+          ? t("Private Cua Linux desktops on this {host}, with one container and durable workspace per bot. Distinct bots can work concurrently and idle desktops stop after 8 hours.", { host })
+          : t("A shared Cua Linux sandbox on this {host} for bots to browse and work in — isolated, backed by one durable workspace, and automatically recycled after 8 hours without activity.", { host })}
       >
         <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2">
           <span
@@ -240,14 +242,14 @@ export function LocalComputerSection() {
             {loading
               ? "Checking…"
               : unavailable
-                ? "Status unavailable"
+                ? t("Status unavailable")
                 : perBot && headerReady
-                  ? "Ready for per-bot desktops"
+                  ? t("Ready for per-bot desktops")
                   : perBotRuntimeUnsupported
-                    ? "Per-bot mode requires Docker or Podman"
+                    ? t("Per-bot mode requires Docker or Podman")
                   : ready
-                    ? "Ready"
-                    : (status?.problem ?? "Not ready")}
+                    ? t("Ready")
+                    : (status?.problem ? t(status.problem) : t("Not ready"))}
           </span>
           <button
             onClick={() => {
@@ -257,7 +259,7 @@ export function LocalComputerSection() {
             disabled={loading || pending !== null}
             className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 px-2.5 py-1 text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-control hover:text-ink disabled:opacity-40"
           >
-            <RefreshCw size={12} /> Re-check
+            <RefreshCw size={12} /> {t("Re-check")}
           </button>
           {ready && !perBot && (
             <a
@@ -266,7 +268,7 @@ export function LocalComputerSection() {
               rel="noreferrer"
               className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 px-2.5 py-1 text-[12.5px] text-ink hover:bg-control"
             >
-              <ExternalLink size={12} /> Watch screen
+              <ExternalLink size={12} /> {t("Watch screen")}
             </a>
           )}
         </div>
@@ -274,8 +276,8 @@ export function LocalComputerSection() {
       </Card>
 
       <Card
-        title="Isolation"
-        subtitle="Shared keeps the original single-desktop behavior. Per bot gives each bot its own container, workspace, viewer port, lease, and idle timer."
+        title={t("Isolation")}
+        subtitle={t("Shared keeps the original single-desktop behavior. Per bot gives each bot its own container, workspace, viewer port, lease, and idle timer.")}
       >
         <div className="flex overflow-hidden rounded-lg border border-hairline/40">
           {(["shared", "per-bot"] as const).map((mode, index) => (
@@ -290,17 +292,17 @@ export function LocalComputerSection() {
                 status?.mode === mode ? "bg-control text-ink" : "text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink",
               )}
             >
-              {mode === "shared" ? "Shared" : "Per bot"}
+              {mode === "shared" ? t("Shared") : t("Per bot")}
             </button>
           ))}
         </div>
         <div className="mt-3 flex items-center justify-between gap-3">
           <div>
-            <div className="text-[13px] text-ink">Maximum per-bot desktops</div>
-            <div className="text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">Limits storage and host resource use; each running desktop may use up to 4 GB and 2 CPUs.</div>
+            <div className="text-[13px] text-ink">{t("Maximum per-bot desktops")}</div>
+            <div className="text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Limits storage and host resource use; each running desktop may use up to 4 GB and 2 CPUs.")}</div>
           </div>
           <select
-            aria-label="Maximum per-bot desktops"
+            aria-label={t("Maximum per-bot desktops")}
             value={status?.max_instances ?? 2}
             disabled={!status || policyPending}
             onChange={(event) => void savePolicy(status?.mode ?? "shared", Number(event.target.value))}
@@ -309,78 +311,78 @@ export function LocalComputerSection() {
             {[1, 2, 3, 4].map((value) => <option key={value} value={value}>{value}</option>)}
           </select>
         </div>
-        {policyPending && <div className="mt-2 flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary"><Loader2 size={12} className="animate-spin" /> Saving…</div>}
+        {policyPending && <div className="mt-2 flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary"><Loader2 size={12} className="animate-spin" /> {t("Saving…")}</div>}
       </Card>
 
-      <Card title="Setup" subtitle="Once a container runtime is open, OpenMausBot prepares Cua and the VM for you.">
+      <Card title={t("Setup")} subtitle={t("Once a container runtime is open, OpenMausBot prepares Cua and the VM for you.")}>
         <div className="flex flex-col gap-4">
-          <Step n={1} title="Install a container runtime" done={Boolean(status?.runtime)}>
+          <Step n={1} title={t("Install a container runtime")} done={Boolean(status?.runtime)}>
             <div className="text-[13px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
-              Podman and Colima are free. Docker Desktop may require a paid licence for larger companies and government use.
+              {t("Podman and Colima are free. Docker Desktop may require a paid licence for larger companies and government use.")}
             </div>
             {c?.install ? (
               <CommandLine command={c.install} />
             ) : (
               <a href="https://podman.io/docs/installation" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" className="text-[13px] text-accent hover:underline">
-                Open the Podman installation guide
+                {t("Open the Podman installation guide")}
               </a>
             )}
           </Step>
 
           <Step
             n={2}
-            title={status?.runtime && !status.daemonUp ? `Open and start ${status.runtime}` : "Start the container runtime"}
+            title={status?.runtime && !status.daemonUp ? t("Open and start {runtime}", { runtime: status.runtime }) : t("Start the container runtime")}
             done={Boolean(status?.daemonUp)}
           >
             {!status?.runtime ? null : c?.runtimeStart ? (
               <CommandLine command={c.runtimeStart} />
             ) : (
-              <div className="text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">Open the installed runtime and start its engine, then re-check.</div>
+              <div className="text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Open the installed runtime and start its engine, then re-check.")}</div>
             )}
           </Step>
 
-          <Step n={3} title="Prepare the Cua desktop (one-time download and build)" done={Boolean(status?.image)}>
+          <Step n={3} title={t("Prepare the Cua desktop (one-time download and build)")} done={Boolean(status?.image)}>
             {status?.daemonUp && (
-              <ActionButton action="pull" pending={pending} onClick={() => void act("pull")}>Prepare Cua desktop</ActionButton>
+              <ActionButton action="pull" pending={pending} onClick={() => void act("pull")}>{t("Prepare Cua desktop")}</ActionButton>
             )}
-            {c?.pull && <details className="text-[12px] text-ink-secondary"><summary className="cursor-pointer">Show base-image download</summary><div className="mt-2"><CommandLine command={c.pull} /></div></details>}
+            {c?.pull && <details className="text-[12px] text-ink-secondary"><summary className="cursor-pointer">{t("Show base-image download")}</summary><div className="mt-2"><CommandLine command={c.pull} /></div></details>}
           </Step>
 
           <Step
             n={4}
-            title={perBot ? "Create a private desktop from each bot's Computer panel" : needsRecreate ? "Replace the older or unsafe VM" : "Create and start the Local VM"}
+            title={perBot ? t("Create a private desktop from each bot's Computer panel") : needsRecreate ? t("Replace the older or unsafe VM") : t("Create and start the Local VM")}
             done={!perBot && ready}
           >
             {perBot ? (
               <div className="text-[13px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
                 {perBotRuntimeUnsupported
-                  ? "Apple container requires an explicit host port, so OpenMausBot will not guess or expose one. Install or start Docker or Podman for safe per-bot dynamic loopback ports."
+                  ? t("Apple container requires an explicit host port, so OpenMausBot will not guess or expose one. Install or start Docker or Podman for safe per-bot dynamic loopback ports.")
                   : <>
-                      Choose <b className="text-ink">Local VM</b> for a bot, open that bot's Computer panel, then create its desktop there. OpenMausBot assigns a private workspace and an available loopback viewer port automatically.
+                      {t("Choose Local VM for a bot, open that bot's Computer panel, then create its desktop there. OpenMausBot assigns a private workspace and an available loopback viewer port automatically.")}
                     </>}
               </div>
             ) : needsRecreate ? (
               <>
                 <div className="flex gap-2 text-[13px] text-warning">
                   <AlertTriangle size={15} className="mt-0.5 shrink-0" />
-                  <span>{status?.problem}</span>
+                  <span>{status?.problem ? t(status.problem) : null}</span>
                 </div>
                 {status?.image ? (
                   <ActionButton action="recreate" pending={pending} onClick={() => void act("recreate")} danger>
-                    <RotateCcw size={13} /> Delete and recreate
+                    <RotateCcw size={13} /> {t("Delete and recreate")}
                   </ActionButton>
                 ) : (
-                  <div className="text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">Prepare the pinned Cua desktop above before replacing this VM.</div>
+                  <div className="text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Prepare the pinned Cua desktop above before replacing this VM.")}</div>
                 )}
               </>
             ) : status?.container === "stopped" ? (
-              <ActionButton action="start" pending={pending} onClick={() => void act("start")}>Start Local VM</ActionButton>
+              <ActionButton action="start" pending={pending} onClick={() => void act("start")}>{t("Start Local VM")}</ActionButton>
             ) : status?.container === "running" ? (
-              <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary"><Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" /> Waiting for the desktop…</div>
+              <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary"><Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" /> {t("Waiting for the desktop…")}</div>
             ) : status?.image ? (
-              <ActionButton action="run" pending={pending} onClick={() => void act("run")}>Create Local VM</ActionButton>
+              <ActionButton action="run" pending={pending} onClick={() => void act("run")}>{t("Create Local VM")}</ActionButton>
             ) : null}
-            {c?.run && <details className="text-[12px] text-ink-secondary"><summary className="cursor-pointer">Show command</summary><div className="mt-2"><CommandLine command={c.run} /></div></details>}
+            {c?.run && <details className="text-[12px] text-ink-secondary"><summary className="cursor-pointer">{t("Show command")}</summary><div className="mt-2"><CommandLine command={c.run} /></div></details>}
           </Step>
         </div>
       </Card>
@@ -389,33 +391,33 @@ export function LocalComputerSection() {
         <Card>
           <div className="flex gap-2 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
             <AlertTriangle size={15} className="mt-0.5 shrink-0 text-warning" />
-            <span>OpenMausBot could not inspect the container runtime. Re-check, or review the app logs.</span>
+            <span>{t("OpenMausBot could not inspect the container runtime. Re-check, or review the app logs.")}</span>
           </div>
         </Card>
       )}
 
       <Card
-        title="Safety and storage"
+        title={t("Safety and storage")}
         subtitle={perBot
-          ? `Cua Driver operates only each VM's desktop. Every bot gets a private host folder mounted at ${status?.workspace_guest_path ?? "/home/cua/workspace"}; its files and browser profile survive VM replacement. Viewers bind only to loopback, and exact bot-derived targets prevent one bot from attaching to another bot's container. Each VM keeps the existing 4 GB, 2 CPU, 512-process and dropped-capability limits. VMs can still reach the internet.`
-          : `Cua Driver operates only the VM's desktop. Exactly one private host folder is mounted at ${status?.workspace_guest_path ?? "/home/cua/workspace"}; files and browser sign-ins there survive VM replacement, while everything elsewhere in the VM remains disposable. The password-protected viewer is available only on this machine. Docker and Podman runs are limited to 4 GB memory, 2 CPUs and 512 processes; all Linux capabilities are dropped except the two the desktop supervisor needs to switch to its unprivileged user. The VM can still reach the internet, and bots share it one at a time.`}
+          ? t("Cua Driver operates only each VM's desktop. Every bot gets a private host folder mounted at {path}; its files and browser profile survive VM replacement. Viewers bind only to loopback, and exact bot-derived targets prevent one bot from attaching to another bot's container. Each VM keeps the existing 4 GB, 2 CPU, 512-process and dropped-capability limits. VMs can still reach the internet.", { path: status?.workspace_guest_path ?? "/home/cua/workspace" })
+          : t("Cua Driver operates only the VM's desktop. Exactly one private host folder is mounted at {path}; files and browser sign-ins there survive VM replacement, while everything elsewhere in the VM remains disposable. The password-protected viewer is available only on this machine. Docker and Podman runs are limited to 4 GB memory, 2 CPUs and 512 processes; all Linux capabilities are dropped except the two the desktop supervisor needs to switch to its unprivileged user. The VM can still reach the internet, and bots share it one at a time.", { path: status?.workspace_guest_path ?? "/home/cua/workspace" })}
       >
         {existing && (
           <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-2">
             {status?.container === "running" && (
               <ActionButton action="stop" pending={pending} onClick={() => void act("stop")}>
-                <Square size={12} /> Stop
+                <Square size={12} /> {t("Stop")}
               </ActionButton>
             )}
             <ActionButton action="remove" pending={pending} onClick={() => void act("remove")} danger>
-              <Trash2 size={12} /> {perBot ? "Delete legacy shared VM" : "Delete VM"}
+              <Trash2 size={12} /> {perBot ? t("Delete legacy shared VM") : t("Delete VM")}
             </ActionButton>
           </div>
         )}
         <div className="mt-3 break-all text-[11px] text-ink-secondary">
-          Durable workspace: {status?.workspace_path ?? "not created"} ·{" "}
-          Cua Driver: {status?.driver_version ?? "0.20.0"} · Local image: {status?.image_ref ?? "not prepared"}
-          {status?.base_image_ref ? <> · Base: {status.base_image_ref}</> : null}
+          {t("Durable workspace")}: {status?.workspace_path ?? t("not created")} ·{" "}
+          Cua Driver: {status?.driver_version ?? "0.20.0"} · {t("Local image")}: {status?.image_ref ?? t("not prepared")}
+          {status?.base_image_ref ? <> · {t("Base image")}: {status.base_image_ref}</> : null}
         </div>
       </Card>
     </>
diff --git a/src/components/LocalScreenPreview.tsx b/src/components/LocalScreenPreview.tsx
index 00dcf6c38..fd11b1cd7 100644
--- a/src/components/LocalScreenPreview.tsx
+++ b/src/components/LocalScreenPreview.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { Loader2, Monitor, RotateCcw, Square } from "lucide-react";
 
 import { requestScreenPreview, stopScreenPreview } from "@/lib/screen-preview";
 import { useDesktopCapabilities } from "./DesktopCapabilities";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 
 type PreviewPhase =
   | "idle"
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ const phaseCopy: Record<Exclude<PreviewPhase, "requesting" | "streaming">, strin
 };
 
 export function LocalScreenPreview() {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const { capabilities, ready } = useDesktopCapabilities();
   const preview = capabilities.screenPreview;
   const isLinux = capabilities.host.platform === "linux";
@@ -122,14 +124,14 @@ export function LocalScreenPreview() {
       <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-3">
         <div>
           <div id="local-preview-title" className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">
-            Preview this computer
+            {t("Preview this computer")}
           </div>
           <div className="mt-0.5 text-[12px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
-            Preview only — starting a preview does not grant local control.
+            {t("Preview only — starting a preview does not grant local control.")}
           </div>
         </div>
         <span className="shrink-0 rounded-full bg-raised px-2 py-1 text-[10px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">
-          Preview only
+          {t("Preview only")}
         </span>
       </div>
 
@@ -139,7 +141,7 @@ export function LocalScreenPreview() {
           autoPlay
           muted
           playsInline
-          aria-label="Live preview of the selected screen"
+          aria-label={t("Live preview of the selected screen")}
           className={phase === "streaming" ? "h-full w-full object-contain" : "hidden"}
         />
         {phase !== "streaming" && (
@@ -151,10 +153,10 @@ export function LocalScreenPreview() {
             )}
             <span className="text-[12px]" aria-live="polite">
               {!ready
-                ? "Checking screen preview…"
+                ? t("Checking screen preview…")
                 : preview.available
-                  ? message
-                  : phaseCopy.unavailable}
+                  ? t(message)
+                  : t(phaseCopy.unavailable)}
             </span>
           </div>
         )}
@@ -163,10 +165,10 @@ export function LocalScreenPreview() {
       {phase === "streaming" && (
         <div className="mt-2 flex items-center justify-between gap-3 text-[11px] text-ink-secondary">
           <span className="truncate" title={sourceLabel}>
-            {preview.interaction === "portal-picker" ? sourceLabel : "This computer"}
+            {preview.interaction === "portal-picker" ? sourceLabel : t("This computer")}
           </span>
           <span className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-success">
-            <span className="h-1.5 w-1.5 rounded-full bg-success" /> Sharing
+            <span className="h-1.5 w-1.5 rounded-full bg-success" /> {t("Sharing")}
           </span>
         </div>
       )}
@@ -191,14 +193,14 @@ export function LocalScreenPreview() {
           <Monitor size={14} />
         )}
         {phase === "requesting"
-          ? "Choose a screen…"
+          ? t("Choose a screen…")
           : phase === "streaming"
-            ? "Stop preview"
+            ? t("Stop preview")
             : retry
-              ? "Try again"
+              ? t("Try again")
               : preview.interaction === "portal-picker"
-                ? "Choose a screen"
-                : "Start preview"}
+                ? t("Choose a screen")
+                : t("Start preview")}
       </button>
     </section>
   );
diff --git a/src/components/MacLocalControl.tsx b/src/components/MacLocalControl.tsx
index eb73ed3b4..c10b24be5 100644
--- a/src/components/MacLocalControl.tsx
+++ b/src/components/MacLocalControl.tsx
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
 import { AlertTriangle, Loader2, Shield } from "lucide-react";
 import { useDesktopCapabilities } from "./DesktopCapabilities";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 
 export function MacLocalControl() {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const { capabilities } = useDesktopCapabilities();
   const [pending, setPending] = useState(false);
   const [awaitingGrant, setAwaitingGrant] = useState(false);
@@ -58,10 +60,9 @@ export function MacLocalControl() {
       <div className="flex items-start gap-3">
         <Shield size={16} className="mt-0.5 shrink-0 text-warning" />
         <div className="min-w-0 flex-1">
-          <div className="text-[14px] font-medium text-ink">Allow control of this computer</div>
+          <div className="text-[14px] font-medium text-ink">{t("Allow control of this computer")}</div>
           <p className="mt-1 text-[12.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
-            OpenMausBot needs Accessibility and Screen Recording in System Settings before a bot can
-            use this Mac. After you grant both, click Retry — macOS may still ask you to relaunch the app.
+            {t("OpenMausBot needs Accessibility and Screen Recording in System Settings before a bot can use this Mac. After you grant both, click Retry — macOS may still ask you to relaunch the app.")}
           </p>
           {error && (
             <div className="mt-2 flex gap-1.5 text-[12px] text-danger">
@@ -76,7 +77,7 @@ export function MacLocalControl() {
               disabled={pending}
               className="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-accent px-3 py-1.5 text-[12.5px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110 disabled:opacity-50"
             >
-              Open System Settings
+              {t("Open System Settings")}
             </button>
             <button
               type="button"
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ export function MacLocalControl() {
               className="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg border border-hairline/50 px-3 py-1.5 text-[12.5px] font-medium text-ink hover:bg-raised disabled:opacity-50"
             >
               {pending && <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" />}
-              Retry
+              {t("Retry")}
             </button>
           </div>
         </div>
diff --git a/src/components/ManageMembersPanel.tsx b/src/components/ManageMembersPanel.tsx
index 368b86fcb..884e9773b 100644
--- a/src/components/ManageMembersPanel.tsx
+++ b/src/components/ManageMembersPanel.tsx
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { track } from "@/lib/analytics";
 import { useStore, type Group } from "@/state/store";
 import { BotPickerList } from "./BotPickerList";
 import { nextMemberIds } from "@/lib/room-members";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 
 export function ManageMembersPanel({
   group,
@@ -18,6 +19,7 @@ export function ManageMembersPanel({
   triggerRef: RefObject<HTMLButtonElement | null>;
 }) {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const [picked, setPicked] = useState<Set<string>>(() => new Set(group.memberIds));
   const [saveError, setSaveError] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const openedMemberIds = useRef([...group.memberIds]);
@@ -85,7 +87,7 @@ export function ManageMembersPanel({
     const rosterChanged =
       opened.length !== group.memberIds.length || opened.some((id, index) => id !== group.memberIds[index]);
     if (rosterChanged) {
-      setSaveError("This channel's members changed while the panel was open. Close it and try again.");
+      setSaveError(t("This channel's members changed while the panel was open. Close it and try again."));
       return;
     }
     if (changed) {
@@ -108,13 +110,13 @@ export function ManageMembersPanel({
         ref={dialogRef}
         role="dialog"
         aria-modal="true"
-        aria-label={`Manage members of ${group.name}`}
+        aria-label={t("Manage members of {name}", { name: group.name })}
         className="w-[340px] rounded-2xl border border-hairline/50 bg-card p-4 shadow-2xl"
       >
-        <div className="mb-1 text-[15px] font-semibold text-ink">Manage Members</div>
+        <div className="mb-1 text-[15px] font-semibold text-ink">{t("Manage Members")}</div>
         <div className="mb-3 truncate text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">{group.name}</div>
-        <BotPickerList bots={bots} picked={picked} onToggle={toggle} emptyHint="Create a bot first — channels are made of bots." />
-        {!memberIds.length && <div className="mt-2 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">A channel needs at least one bot.</div>}
+        <BotPickerList bots={bots} picked={picked} onToggle={toggle} emptyHint={t("Create a bot first — channels are made of bots.")} />
+        {!memberIds.length && <div className="mt-2 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">{t("A channel needs at least one bot.")}</div>}
         {saveError && (
           <div role="alert" className="mt-2 text-[12px] text-danger">
             {saveError}
@@ -125,14 +127,14 @@ export function ManageMembersPanel({
             onClick={onClose}
             className="flex-1 rounded-lg bg-raised py-2 text-[14px] font-medium text-ink hover:brightness-110"
           >
-            Cancel
+            {t("Cancel")}
           </button>
           <button
             onClick={save}
             disabled={!memberIds.length}
             className="flex-1 rounded-lg bg-accent py-2 text-[14px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110 disabled:opacity-40"
           >
-            Save{memberIds.length ? ` · ${memberIds.length} ${memberIds.length === 1 ? "bot" : "bots"}` : ""}
+            {t("Save")}{memberIds.length ? ` · ${memberIds.length} ${memberIds.length === 1 ? t("bot") : t("bots")}` : ""}
           </button>
         </div>
       </div>
diff --git a/src/components/PluginsPanel.tsx b/src/components/PluginsPanel.tsx
index 08e81174c..a06b4c4d9 100644
--- a/src/components/PluginsPanel.tsx
+++ b/src/components/PluginsPanel.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@ import { useCallback, useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react";
 import { Check, Loader2, RefreshCw, Search, X } from "lucide-react";
 import { api, useStore } from "@/state/store";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
+
+type Translate = ReturnType<typeof useI18n>["t"];
 
 interface ToolkitCard {
   slug: string;
@@ -29,9 +32,13 @@ export interface ConnectorStatus {
 export function disconnectAccountConfirmation(
   service: string,
   account: { id: string; alias?: string },
+  t?: Translate,
 ) {
   const identity = account.alias ? `“${account.alias}” (${account.id})` : `“${account.id}”`;
-  return `Disconnect ${identity} from ${service}? Only this ${service} account will be revoked. Your other ${service} accounts will stay connected.`;
+  const source = "Disconnect {identity} from {service}? Only this {service} account will be revoked. Your other {service} accounts will stay connected.";
+  return t
+    ? t(source, { identity, service })
+    : source.replaceAll("{identity}", identity).replaceAll("{service}", service);
 }
 
 export function mergeCurrentConnectorStatus(
@@ -89,6 +96,7 @@ function ServiceIcon({ card }: { card: ToolkitCard }) {
 
 export function PluginsPanel() {
   const { dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const dialogRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   const [cards, setCards] = useState<ToolkitCard[] | null>(null);
   const [source, setSource] = useState<"api" | "curated">("curated");
@@ -238,7 +246,7 @@ export function PluginsPanel() {
     // asynchronous open, the visible Continue button retries from a direct
     // user gesture using the URL retained in pendingUrls.
     const opened = window.open("", "_blank");
-    if (!opened) throw new Error("Your browser blocked the connection page. Click Continue to open it.");
+    if (!opened) throw new Error(t("Your browser blocked the connection page. Click Continue to open it."));
     // Open a same-origin blank page first so the OAuth origin never receives
     // an opener reference, while a real null remains a reliable blocked signal.
     opened.opener = null;
@@ -322,20 +330,20 @@ export function PluginsPanel() {
       >
         <header className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4 px-6 pb-3 pt-6 sm:px-8 sm:pt-7">
           <div>
-            <h2 id="connected-apps-title" className="text-[22px] font-semibold tracking-[-0.01em] text-ink">Connected apps</h2>
-            <p className="mt-1 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">Connect the apps your bots can use.</p>
+            <h2 id="connected-apps-title" className="text-[22px] font-semibold tracking-[-0.01em] text-ink">{t("Connected apps")}</h2>
+            <p className="mt-1 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Connect the apps your bots can use.")}</p>
           </div>
           <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
             <button
               onClick={() => refreshConnectedStatus()}
               className="rounded-lg p-2 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
-              title="Refresh connection status"
+              title={t("Refresh connection status")}
             >
               <RefreshCw size={17} className={cn(refreshing && "animate-spin")} />
             </button>
             <button
               onClick={close}
-              aria-label="Close connected apps"
+              aria-label={t("Close connected apps")}
               className="rounded-lg p-2 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
             >
               <X size={21} />
@@ -344,7 +352,7 @@ export function PluginsPanel() {
         </header>
 
         <div className="flex flex-col gap-3 px-6 pb-4 pt-5 sm:flex-row sm:items-center sm:justify-between sm:px-8">
-          <div className="flex w-fit rounded-xl bg-raised/70 p-1" role="tablist" aria-label="Connected apps view">
+          <div className="flex w-fit rounded-xl bg-raised/70 p-1" role="tablist" aria-label={t("Connected apps view")}>
             <button
               role="tab"
               aria-selected={tab === "marketplace"}
@@ -354,7 +362,7 @@ export function PluginsPanel() {
                 tab === "marketplace" ? "bg-card text-ink shadow-sm" : "text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink",
               )}
             >
-              Marketplace
+              {t("Marketplace")}
             </button>
             <button
               role="tab"
@@ -365,7 +373,7 @@ export function PluginsPanel() {
                 tab === "connected" ? "bg-card text-ink shadow-sm" : "text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink",
               )}
             >
-              Connected{connectedCount > 0 ? ` ${connectedCount}` : ""}
+              {t("Connected")}{connectedCount > 0 ? ` ${connectedCount}` : ""}
             </button>
           </div>
           <label className="flex h-11 w-full items-center gap-2.5 rounded-xl bg-raised/70 px-3.5 sm:w-[320px]">
@@ -373,8 +381,8 @@ export function PluginsPanel() {
             <input
               value={search}
               onChange={(event) => setSearch(event.target.value)}
-              placeholder="Search apps"
-              aria-label="Search apps"
+              placeholder={t("Search apps")}
+              aria-label={t("Search apps")}
               className="min-w-0 flex-1 bg-transparent text-[14px] text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:outline-none"
             />
           </label>
@@ -382,7 +390,7 @@ export function PluginsPanel() {
 
         {!configured && (
           <div className="mx-6 mb-1 rounded-xl bg-warning/10 px-4 py-3 text-[13px] text-warning sm:mx-8">
-            Connected apps are temporarily unavailable. You can retry after restarting, or configure your own connection service.{" "}
+            {t("Connected apps are temporarily unavailable. You can retry after restarting, or configure your own connection service.")}{" "}
             <button
               className="font-medium underline underline-offset-2"
               onClick={() => {
@@ -390,13 +398,13 @@ export function PluginsPanel() {
                 dispatch({ type: "toggleAppSettings", open: true });
               }}
             >
-              Open settings
+              {t("Open settings")}
             </button>
           </div>
         )}
         {configured && source === "curated" && mode === "self-hosted" && (
           <div className="mx-6 mb-1 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary sm:mx-8">
-            Showing featured apps.{" "}
+            {t("Showing featured apps.")}{" "}
             <button
               className="underline underline-offset-2 hover:text-ink"
               onClick={() => {
@@ -404,9 +412,9 @@ export function PluginsPanel() {
                 dispatch({ type: "toggleAppSettings", open: true });
               }}
             >
-              Update your Composio key
+              {t("Update your Composio key")}
             </button>{" "}
-            for the full catalog.
+            {t("for the full catalog.")}
           </div>
         )}
         {error && <div role="alert" className="mx-6 mt-2 rounded-lg bg-danger/10 px-3 py-2 text-[12px] text-danger sm:mx-8">{error}</div>}
@@ -414,12 +422,12 @@ export function PluginsPanel() {
         <div className="min-h-0 flex-1 overflow-y-auto px-6 pb-7 pt-5 sm:px-8">
           {cards === null ? (
             <div className="flex items-center justify-center gap-2 py-24 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
-              <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" /> Loading catalog…
+              <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" /> {t("Loading catalog…")}
             </div>
           ) : (
             <div>
               <div className="mb-3 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">
-                {tab === "connected" ? "Your connections" : search ? "Search results" : "Available apps"}
+                {t(tab === "connected" ? "Your connections" : search ? "Search results" : "Available apps")}
               </div>
               <div className="grid grid-cols-1 gap-x-10 md:grid-cols-2">
               {visible.map((card) => {
@@ -443,7 +451,7 @@ export function PluginsPanel() {
                     <div className="min-w-0 flex-1">
                       <div className="truncate text-[14px] font-medium text-ink">{card.label}</div>
                       <div className="mt-0.5 truncate text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary">
-                        {pending ? "Finish setup in your browser" : failed && !accounts.length ? "Authorization expired — try again" : card.blurb}
+                        {pending ? t("Finish setup in your browser") : failed && !accounts.length ? t("Authorization expired — try again") : t(card.blurb)}
                       </div>
                     </div>
                     <button
@@ -463,15 +471,15 @@ export function PluginsPanel() {
                       {busy ? (
                         <Loader2 size={13} className="mx-auto animate-spin" />
                       ) : pending && pendingUrls[card.slug] ? (
-                        "Continue"
+                        t("Continue")
                       ) : accounts.length ? (
-                        "Add account"
+                        t("Add account")
                       ) : included ? (
-                        "Included"
+                        t("Included")
                       ) : failed ? (
-                        "Retry"
+                        t("Retry")
                       ) : (
-                        "Connect"
+                        t("Connect")
                       )}
                     </button>
                   </div>
@@ -487,20 +495,20 @@ export function PluginsPanel() {
                                 <span className="truncate">{account.alias || account.id}</span>
                               </div>
                               <div className="mt-0.5 truncate text-[10.5px] text-ink-secondary">
-                                {account.alias ? `${account.id} · ` : ""}{account.status.toLowerCase()}
+                                {account.alias ? `${account.id} · ` : ""}{t(account.status.toLowerCase())}
                               </div>
                             </div>
                             <button
                               type="button"
                               disabled={busy}
                               onClick={() => {
-                                if (!window.confirm(disconnectAccountConfirmation(card.label, account))) return;
+                                if (!window.confirm(disconnectAccountConfirmation(card.label, account, t))) return;
                                 disconnectAccount(card.slug, account.id);
                               }}
                               className="rounded-md px-2 py-1 text-[11px] text-ink-secondary transition-colors hover:bg-danger/10 hover:text-danger disabled:opacity-40"
-                              aria-label={`Disconnect ${account.alias || account.id} from ${card.label}`}
+                              aria-label={t("Disconnect {account} from {service}", { account: account.alias || account.id, service: card.label })}
                             >
-                              Disconnect
+                              {t("Disconnect")}
                             </button>
                           </div>
                         );
@@ -514,7 +522,7 @@ export function PluginsPanel() {
                         event.preventDefault();
                         const alias = aliasDraft.trim();
                         if (!alias) {
-                          setError("Enter a label for the account, such as work or personal.");
+                          setError(t("Enter a label for the account, such as work or personal."));
                           return;
                         }
                         void connect(card.slug, alias);
@@ -525,8 +533,8 @@ export function PluginsPanel() {
                         value={aliasDraft}
                         maxLength={64}
                         onChange={(event) => setAliasDraft(event.target.value)}
-                        placeholder="Account label (work, personal…)"
-                        aria-label={`Label for another ${card.label} account`}
+                        placeholder={t("Account label (work, personal…)")}
+                        aria-label={t("Label for another {service} account", { service: card.label })}
                         className="min-w-0 flex-1 rounded-lg bg-raised px-3 py-2 text-[12px] text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:outline-none focus:ring-1 focus:ring-accent"
                       />
                       <button
@@ -534,7 +542,7 @@ export function PluginsPanel() {
                         disabled={busy || !aliasDraft.trim()}
                         className="rounded-lg bg-accent px-3 py-2 text-[12px] font-medium text-white disabled:opacity-40"
                       >
-                        Continue
+                        {t("Continue")}
                       </button>
                     </form>
                   )}
@@ -547,10 +555,10 @@ export function PluginsPanel() {
           {cards !== null && visible.length === 0 && (
             <div className="flex min-h-56 flex-col items-center justify-center text-center">
               <div className="text-[14px] font-medium text-ink">
-                {tab === "connected" ? "No connected apps yet" : "No apps found"}
+                {t(tab === "connected" ? "No connected apps yet" : "No apps found")}
               </div>
               <div className="mt-1 text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary">
-                {tab === "connected" ? "Connect an app from Marketplace and it will appear here." : "Try a different search."}
+                {t(tab === "connected" ? "Connect an app from Marketplace and it will appear here." : "Try a different search.")}
               </div>
             </div>
           )}
diff --git a/src/components/RenameTitle.tsx b/src/components/RenameTitle.tsx
index b9689cbdf..b7a19b72f 100644
--- a/src/components/RenameTitle.tsx
+++ b/src/components/RenameTitle.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { Pencil } from "lucide-react";
 import { nextRename } from "@/lib/rename";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
 import { BOT_PROFILE_LIMITS } from "../../shared/bot-profile";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 
 export function RenameTitle({
   value,
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ export function RenameTitle({
   className?: string;
   inputClassName?: string;
 }) {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const [editing, setEditing] = useState(false);
   const [draft, setDraft] = useState(value);
 
@@ -51,7 +53,7 @@ export function RenameTitle({
         autoFocus
         value={draft}
         maxLength={BOT_PROFILE_LIMITS.name}
-        aria-label="Rename"
+        aria-label={t("Rename")}
         onFocus={(event) => event.currentTarget.select()}
         onChange={(event) => setDraft(event.target.value)}
         onBlur={() => finish(true)}
@@ -87,9 +89,9 @@ export function RenameTitle({
           <button
             type="button"
             onClick={onActivate}
-            aria-label={`Open ${value}'s profile`}
+            aria-label={t("Open {name}'s profile", { name: value })}
             className={cn("min-w-0 truncate text-left", className)}
-            title="Open agent profile"
+            title={t("Open agent profile")}
           >
             {value}
           </button>
@@ -99,8 +101,8 @@ export function RenameTitle({
         <button
           type="button"
           onClick={startRename}
-          aria-label={`Rename ${value}`}
-          title="Rename agent"
+          aria-label={t("Rename {name}", { name: value })}
+          title={t("Rename agent")}
           className="flex size-10 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded text-ink-secondary opacity-70 hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink hover:opacity-100"
         >
           <Pencil size={12} />
@@ -112,10 +114,10 @@ export function RenameTitle({
   return (
     <span
       className={cn("cursor-text", className)}
-      title="Double-click to rename"
+      title={t("Double-click to rename")}
       tabIndex={0}
       role="button"
-      aria-label={`Rename ${value}`}
+      aria-label={t("Rename {name}", { name: value })}
       onDoubleClick={startRename}
       onKeyDown={(event) => {
         if (event.key === "Enter" || event.key === " ") {
diff --git a/src/components/RoomTurnTimeoutSettings.tsx b/src/components/RoomTurnTimeoutSettings.tsx
index 713c2fb52..d285081cb 100644
--- a/src/components/RoomTurnTimeoutSettings.tsx
+++ b/src/components/RoomTurnTimeoutSettings.tsx
@@ -6,10 +6,12 @@ import {
   createExclusiveSaveGate,
   saveRoomTurnTimeoutMinutes,
 } from "@/lib/room-turn-timeout";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 import { api, useStore, type ConfigStatus } from "@/state/store";
 
 export function RoomTurnTimeoutSettings() {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const confirmedMinutes = state.config?.rooms.turnTimeoutMinutes ?? 5;
   const [value, setValue] = useState(String(confirmedMinutes));
   const [dirty, setDirty] = useState(false);
@@ -53,7 +55,7 @@ export function RoomTurnTimeoutSettings() {
   return (
     <div className="flex flex-col gap-2">
       <label htmlFor="room-turn-timeout" className="text-[13px] font-medium text-ink">
-        Maximum turn length
+        {t("Maximum turn length")}
       </label>
       <div
         className={`flex max-w-[220px] items-center rounded-lg border bg-inset ${
@@ -82,10 +84,10 @@ export function RoomTurnTimeoutSettings() {
           }}
           className="min-w-0 flex-1 bg-transparent px-3 py-2 text-[14px] tabular-nums text-ink focus:outline-none"
         />
-        <span className="pr-3 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">minutes</span>
+        <span className="pr-3 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">{t("minutes")}</span>
       </div>
       <p id="room-turn-timeout-help" className="text-[12px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
-        Applies to every bot turn in channels. Direct chats use the inactivity watchdog instead.
+        {t("Applies to every bot turn in channels. Direct chats use the inactivity watchdog instead.")}
       </p>
       {error ? (
         <p id="room-turn-timeout-error" role="alert" className="text-[12px] text-danger">
diff --git a/src/components/RoutinesPage.tsx b/src/components/RoutinesPage.tsx
index d568f53f0..823f8a00e 100644
--- a/src/components/RoutinesPage.tsx
+++ b/src/components/RoutinesPage.tsx
@@ -21,12 +21,14 @@ import {
 import { BotAvatar } from "@/components/Avatar";
 import { WebhooksPanel } from "@/components/WebhooksPanel";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 import { MAUS_COLORS, type MausState } from "@/lib/mascot";
 import type { Routine, RoutineInput, RoutineRun, RoutineRunOn, RoutineRunStatus } from "@/lib/routines";
 import { api, useStore, type Bot } from "@/state/store";
 
 const HOUR_HEIGHT = 68;
 const DAY_NAMES = ["Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat"];
+type Translate = ReturnType<typeof useI18n>["t"];
 
 type CalendarItem = {
   id: string;
@@ -66,8 +68,8 @@ function toInputDateTime(at: number) {
   return date.toISOString().slice(0, 16);
 }
 
-function niceDate(at: number, includeWeekday = true) {
-  return new Date(at).toLocaleDateString([], {
+function niceDate(at: number, locale: string, includeWeekday = true) {
+  return new Date(at).toLocaleDateString(locale, {
     weekday: includeWeekday ? "long" : undefined,
     month: "short",
     day: "numeric",
@@ -75,22 +77,25 @@ function niceDate(at: number, includeWeekday = true) {
   });
 }
 
-function niceTime(at: number) {
-  return new Date(at).toLocaleTimeString([], { hour: "numeric", minute: "2-digit" });
+function niceTime(at: number, locale: string) {
+  return new Date(at).toLocaleTimeString(locale, { hour: "numeric", minute: "2-digit" });
 }
 
-function scheduleLabel(routine: Routine) {
+function scheduleLabel(routine: Routine, locale: string, t: Translate) {
   if (routine.schedule.type === "once") {
-    return `${niceDate(routine.schedule.at)}, ${niceTime(routine.schedule.at)}`;
+    return `${niceDate(routine.schedule.at, locale)}, ${niceTime(routine.schedule.at, locale)}`;
   }
   const days = routine.schedule.weekdays;
   const dayLabel =
     days.length === 7
-      ? "Every day"
+      ? t("Every day")
       : days.join(",") === "1,2,3,4,5"
-        ? "Weekdays"
-        : days.map((day) => DAY_NAMES[day]).join(", ");
-  return `${dayLabel} at ${niceTime(atLocalTime(Date.now(), routine.schedule.time))}`;
+        ? t("Weekdays")
+        : days.map((day) => t(DAY_NAMES[day]!)).join(", ");
+  return t("{days} at {time}", {
+    days: dayLabel,
+    time: niceTime(atLocalTime(Date.now(), routine.schedule.time), locale),
+  });
 }
 
 function canToggleRoutine(routine: Routine) {
@@ -179,9 +184,10 @@ function projectedItems(routines: Routine[], runs: RoutineRun[], from: number, t
 }
 
 function RoutineCard({ item, bot, compact, onOpen }: { item: CalendarItem; bot: Bot; compact: boolean; onOpen: () => void }) {
+  const { locale, t } = useI18n();
   const status = item.run?.status;
   const color = MAUS_COLORS[bot.color];
-  const title = item.routine?.name ?? item.run?.routineName ?? "Routine";
+  const title = item.routine?.name ?? item.run?.routineName ?? t("Routine");
   const animated = status === "running" || status === "waiting";
   return (
     <button
@@ -213,11 +219,11 @@ function RoutineCard({ item, bot, compact, onOpen }: { item: CalendarItem; bot:
           <div className="truncate text-[12px] font-semibold text-white">{title}</div>
           <div className="mt-0.5 flex items-center gap-1.5 truncate text-[10.5px] text-white/70">
             {animated && <Loader2 size={10} className="animate-spin" />}
-            <span>{niceTime(item.at)}</span>
+            <span>{niceTime(item.at, locale)}</span>
             <span>·</span>
-            {item.run?.triggerSource === "webhook" && <><Webhook size={10} /><span>Webhook</span><span>·</span></>}
+            {item.run?.triggerSource === "webhook" && <><Webhook size={10} /><span>{t("Webhook")}</span><span>·</span></>}
             <span className="truncate">
-              {status ? status.replace("waiting", "needs you") : bot.name}
+              {status ? t(status === "waiting" ? "Needs you" : status) : bot.name}
               {(item.routine?.runOn ?? item.run?.runOn) === "cloud" ? " · VM" : ""}
             </span>
           </div>
@@ -241,6 +247,7 @@ function CalendarGrid({
   bots: Bot[];
   onOpen: (item: CalendarItem) => void;
 }) {
+  const { locale, t } = useI18n();
   const scrollRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   const today = startOfDay(Date.now());
   const starts = Array.from({ length: days }, (_, index) => addDays(anchor, index));
@@ -260,7 +267,7 @@ function CalendarGrid({
           const date = new Date(start);
           return (
             <div key={start} className="border-b border-r border-hairline/40 px-3 py-2.5 text-center last:border-r-0">
-              <div className="text-[10px] font-medium uppercase tracking-[0.14em] text-ink-secondary">{DAY_NAMES[date.getDay()]}</div>
+              <div className="text-[10px] font-medium uppercase tracking-[0.14em] text-ink-secondary">{t(DAY_NAMES[date.getDay()]!)}</div>
               <div className={cn("mx-auto mt-1 flex size-7 items-center justify-center rounded-full text-[14px] font-semibold", isToday ? "bg-accent text-white" : "text-ink")}>{date.getDate()}</div>
             </div>
           );
@@ -270,7 +277,7 @@ function CalendarGrid({
         <div className="relative border-r border-hairline/40">
           {Array.from({ length: 24 }, (_, hour) => (
             <div key={hour} className="absolute right-2 -translate-y-1/2 text-[10px] tabular-nums text-ink-secondary/65" style={{ top: hour * HOUR_HEIGHT }}>
-              {hour === 0 ? "" : new Date(2000, 0, 1, hour).toLocaleTimeString([], { hour: "numeric" })}
+              {hour === 0 ? "" : new Date(2000, 0, 1, hour).toLocaleTimeString(locale, { hour: "numeric" })}
             </div>
           ))}
         </div>
@@ -315,6 +322,7 @@ export function RoutineEditor({
   onClose: () => void;
 }) {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const [name, setName] = useState(routine?.name ?? "");
   const [prompt, setPrompt] = useState(routine?.prompt ?? "");
   const [botId, setBotId] = useState(lockedBotId ?? routine?.botId ?? bots[0]?.id ?? "");
@@ -367,18 +375,18 @@ export function RoutineEditor({
       <div className="max-h-[90vh] w-full max-w-[620px] overflow-y-auto rounded-2xl border border-hairline/60 bg-panel shadow-2xl">
         <div className="sticky top-0 z-10 flex items-center justify-between border-b border-hairline/40 bg-panel/95 px-5 py-4 backdrop-blur">
           <div>
-            <div className="text-[17px] font-semibold text-ink">{routine ? "Edit routine" : "New routine"}</div>
-            <div className="mt-0.5 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">Each run starts a fresh task for this agent. No cron syntax required.</div>
+            <div className="text-[17px] font-semibold text-ink">{routine ? t("Edit routine") : t("New routine")}</div>
+            <div className="mt-0.5 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Each run starts a fresh task for this agent. No cron syntax required.")}</div>
           </div>
           <button onClick={onClose} className="rounded-lg p-2 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"><X size={18} /></button>
         </div>
         <div className="space-y-5 p-5">
           <label className="block">
-            <span className="mb-1.5 block text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">Routine name</span>
-            <input autoFocus value={name} onChange={(event) => setName(event.target.value)} placeholder="Morning research brief" className="w-full rounded-xl border border-hairline/60 bg-inset px-3.5 py-2.5 text-[14px] text-ink outline-none placeholder:text-ink-secondary/60 focus:border-accent/70" />
+            <span className="mb-1.5 block text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">{t("Routine name")}</span>
+            <input autoFocus value={name} onChange={(event) => setName(event.target.value)} placeholder={t("Morning research brief")} className="w-full rounded-xl border border-hairline/60 bg-inset px-3.5 py-2.5 text-[14px] text-ink outline-none placeholder:text-ink-secondary/60 focus:border-accent/70" />
           </label>
           <div>
-            <div className="mb-2 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">Where does it run?</div>
+            <div className="mb-2 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">{t("Where does it run?")}</div>
             <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-2">
               <button
                 type="button"
@@ -388,8 +396,8 @@ export function RoutineEditor({
                   runOn === "maus" ? "border-accent/70 bg-accent/10" : "border-hairline/50 bg-inset hover:bg-raised/60",
                 )}
               >
-                <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[13px] font-medium text-ink"><Laptop size={15} />This computer</div>
-                <div className="mt-1 text-[11px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">Uses this MAUS's selected model and computer setting.</div>
+                <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[13px] font-medium text-ink"><Laptop size={15} />{t("This computer")}</div>
+                <div className="mt-1 text-[11px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">{t("Uses this MAUS's selected model and computer setting.")}</div>
               </button>
               <button
                 type="button"
@@ -400,39 +408,39 @@ export function RoutineEditor({
                   runOn === "cloud" ? "border-accent/70 bg-accent/10" : "border-hairline/50 bg-inset hover:bg-raised/60",
                 )}
               >
-                <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[13px] font-medium text-ink"><Cloud size={15} />Cloud VM</div>
-                <div className="mt-1 text-[11px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">Runs the MAUS and its tools inside its Box virtual machine.</div>
+                <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[13px] font-medium text-ink"><Cloud size={15} />{t("Cloud VM")}</div>
+                <div className="mt-1 text-[11px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">{t("Runs the MAUS and its tools inside its Box virtual machine.")}</div>
               </button>
             </div>
             {runOn === "cloud" && (
               <div className={cn("mt-2 rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-[11.5px] leading-relaxed", cloudReady ? "bg-accent/10 text-ink-secondary" : "border border-warning/25 bg-warning/10 text-warning")}>
                 {cloudReady
-                  ? "The VM wakes automatically for each run. Keep OpenMausBot running so its scheduler can launch the job."
-                  : "Cloud VM needs a working Box API key in App Settings before this routine can run."}
+                  ? t("The VM wakes automatically for each run. Keep OpenMausBot running so its scheduler can launch the job.")
+                  : t("Cloud VM needs a working Box API key in App Settings before this routine can run.")}
               </div>
             )}
           </div>
           <div>
-            <div className="mb-2 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">Who does it?</div>
+            <div className="mb-2 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">{t("Who does it?")}</div>
             <div className={cn("grid gap-2", lockedBotId ? "grid-cols-1" : "grid-cols-2 sm:grid-cols-3")}>
               {bots.map((bot) => (
                 <button key={bot.id} type="button" disabled={Boolean(lockedBotId)} onClick={() => setBotId(bot.id)} className={cn("flex min-w-0 items-center gap-2 rounded-xl border px-3 py-2 text-left", botId === bot.id ? "border-accent/70 bg-accent/10" : "border-hairline/50 bg-inset hover:bg-raised/60")}>
                   <BotAvatar bot={bot} state={botId === bot.id ? "happy" : "idle"} size={38} animated={false} />
                   <span className="min-w-0 flex-1 truncate text-[13px] font-medium text-ink">{bot.name}</span>
-                  {lockedBotId && <span className="text-[11px] text-ink-secondary">Assigned from Computer</span>}
+                  {lockedBotId && <span className="text-[11px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Assigned from Computer")}</span>}
                 </button>
               ))}
             </div>
           </div>
           <label className="block">
-            <span className="mb-1.5 block text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">What should this MAUS do?</span>
-            <textarea value={prompt} onChange={(event) => setPrompt(event.target.value)} rows={6} placeholder="Check the latest project activity, summarize what changed, and call out anything that needs my attention…" className="w-full resize-y rounded-xl border border-hairline/60 bg-inset px-3.5 py-3 text-[14px] leading-relaxed text-ink outline-none placeholder:text-ink-secondary/60 focus:border-accent/70" />
+            <span className="mb-1.5 block text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">{t("What should this MAUS do?")}</span>
+            <textarea value={prompt} onChange={(event) => setPrompt(event.target.value)} rows={6} placeholder={t("Check the latest project activity, summarize what changed, and call out anything that needs my attention…")} className="w-full resize-y rounded-xl border border-hairline/60 bg-inset px-3.5 py-3 text-[14px] leading-relaxed text-ink outline-none placeholder:text-ink-secondary/60 focus:border-accent/70" />
           </label>
           <div>
-            <div className="mb-2 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">When?</div>
+            <div className="mb-2 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">{t("When?")}</div>
             <div className="mb-3 inline-flex rounded-xl bg-inset p-1">
               {(["once", "daily"] as const).map((value) => (
-                <button key={value} onClick={() => setKind(value)} className={cn("rounded-lg px-4 py-1.5 text-[13px] capitalize", kind === value ? "bg-raised text-ink shadow" : "text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink")}>{value === "daily" ? "Repeating" : "Once"}</button>
+                <button key={value} onClick={() => setKind(value)} className={cn("rounded-lg px-4 py-1.5 text-[13px] capitalize", kind === value ? "bg-raised text-ink shadow" : "text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink")}>{t(value === "daily" ? "Repeating" : "Once")}</button>
               ))}
             </div>
             {kind === "once" ? (
@@ -442,24 +450,24 @@ export function RoutineEditor({
                 <input type="time" value={time} onChange={(event) => setTime(event.target.value)} className="rounded-xl border border-hairline/60 bg-inset px-3.5 py-2.5 text-[14px] text-ink outline-none focus:border-accent/70 [color-scheme:dark]" />
                 <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-1.5">
                   {DAY_NAMES.map((label, day) => (
-                    <button key={label} type="button" onClick={() => setWeekdays((current) => current.includes(day) ? (current.length === 1 ? current : current.filter((value) => value !== day)) : [...current, day].sort())} className={cn("size-10 rounded-xl border text-[11px] font-medium", weekdays.includes(day) ? "border-accent bg-accent text-white" : "border-hairline/50 bg-inset text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink")}>{label.slice(0, 2)}</button>
+                    <button key={label} type="button" onClick={() => setWeekdays((current) => current.includes(day) ? (current.length === 1 ? current : current.filter((value) => value !== day)) : [...current, day].sort())} className={cn("size-10 rounded-xl border text-[11px] font-medium", weekdays.includes(day) ? "border-accent bg-accent text-white" : "border-hairline/50 bg-inset text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink")}>{t(label)}</button>
                   ))}
                 </div>
               </div>
             )}
           </div>
           <label className="block">
-            <span className="mb-1.5 block text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">Calendar block</span>
+            <span className="mb-1.5 block text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">{t("Calendar block")}</span>
             <select value={durationMinutes} onChange={(event) => setDurationMinutes(Number(event.target.value))} className="rounded-xl border border-hairline/60 bg-inset px-3.5 py-2.5 text-[14px] text-ink outline-none focus:border-accent/70">
-              {[15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120].map((minutes) => <option key={minutes} value={minutes}>{minutes < 60 ? `${minutes} minutes` : `${minutes / 60} ${minutes === 60 ? "hour" : "hours"}`}</option>)}
+              {[15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120].map((minutes) => <option key={minutes} value={minutes}>{minutes < 60 ? t("{count} minutes", { count: minutes }) : t("{count} hours", { count: minutes / 60 })}</option>)}
             </select>
           </label>
           {error && <div className="flex items-start gap-2 rounded-xl border border-danger/30 bg-danger/10 px-3 py-2.5 text-[13px] text-danger"><CircleAlert size={16} className="mt-0.5 shrink-0" />{error}</div>}
         </div>
         <div className="sticky bottom-0 flex justify-end gap-2 border-t border-hairline/40 bg-panel/95 px-5 py-4 backdrop-blur">
-          <button onClick={onClose} className="rounded-xl px-4 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink">Cancel</button>
+          <button onClick={onClose} className="rounded-xl px-4 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink">{t("Cancel")}</button>
           <button onClick={save} disabled={saving || !name.trim() || !prompt.trim() || !botId} className="flex items-center gap-2 rounded-xl bg-accent px-4 py-2 text-[13px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110 disabled:opacity-40">
-            {saving && <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" />}{routine ? "Save changes" : "Create routine"}
+            {saving && <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" />}{routine ? t("Save changes") : t("Create routine")}
           </button>
         </div>
       </div>
@@ -469,11 +477,12 @@ export function RoutineEditor({
 
 function RoutineDetails({ item, bot, onClose, onEdit }: { item: CalendarItem; bot: Bot; onClose: () => void; onEdit: (routine: Routine) => void }) {
   const { dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { locale, t } = useI18n();
   const routine = item.routine;
   const run = item.run;
   const [working, setWorking] = useState(false);
   const [error, setError] = useState("");
-  const title = routine?.name ?? run?.routineName ?? "Routine";
+  const title = routine?.name ?? run?.routineName ?? t("Routine");
   const webhookParts = run?.triggerSource === "webhook" ? webhookPromptParts(run.prompt) : null;
   const visibleInstructions = webhookParts?.instructions ?? routine?.prompt ?? run?.prompt;
 
@@ -500,11 +509,11 @@ function RoutineDetails({ item, bot, onClose, onEdit }: { item: CalendarItem; bo
             <BotAvatar bot={bot} state={run ? statusState(run.status) : "idle"} size={72} animated={run?.status === "running" || run?.status === "waiting"} label={bot.name} />
             <div className="min-w-0">
               <div className="truncate text-[20px] font-semibold text-white">{title}</div>
-              <div className="mt-1 flex items-center gap-2 text-[13px] text-white/65"><span>{bot.name}</span><span>·</span><span>{niceDate(item.at)}, {niceTime(item.at)}</span></div>
+              <div className="mt-1 flex items-center gap-2 text-[13px] text-white/65"><span>{bot.name}</span><span>·</span><span>{niceDate(item.at, locale)}, {niceTime(item.at, locale)}</span></div>
               <div className={cn("mt-2 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-full bg-black/25 px-2.5 py-1 text-[11px] font-medium capitalize", run ? statusTone(run.status) : "text-white/70")}>
                 {run?.status === "running" && <Loader2 size={11} className="animate-spin" />}
                 {run?.status === "completed" && <CheckCircle2 size={11} />}
-                {run ? run.status.replace("waiting", "needs you") : "scheduled"}
+                {run ? t(run.status === "waiting" ? "Needs you" : run.status) : t("scheduled")}
               </div>
             </div>
           </div>
@@ -512,33 +521,33 @@ function RoutineDetails({ item, bot, onClose, onEdit }: { item: CalendarItem; bo
         <div className="max-h-[55vh] space-y-4 overflow-y-auto p-5">
           {routine && (
             <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
-              <div className="rounded-xl bg-inset p-3"><div className="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">Schedule</div><div className="mt-1 text-[13px] text-ink">{scheduleLabel(routine)}</div></div>
-              <div className="rounded-xl bg-inset p-3"><div className="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">Runs on</div><div className="mt-1 flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[13px] text-ink">{routine.runOn === "cloud" ? <Cloud size={13} /> : <Laptop size={13} />}{routine.runOn === "cloud" ? "Cloud VM" : "MAUS setup"}</div></div>
-              <div className="rounded-xl bg-inset p-3"><div className="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">Duration</div><div className="mt-1 text-[13px] text-ink">{routine.durationMinutes} minutes</div></div>
+              <div className="rounded-xl bg-inset p-3"><div className="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">{t("Schedule")}</div><div className="mt-1 text-[13px] text-ink">{scheduleLabel(routine, locale, t)}</div></div>
+              <div className="rounded-xl bg-inset p-3"><div className="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">{t("Runs on")}</div><div className="mt-1 flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[13px] text-ink">{routine.runOn === "cloud" ? <Cloud size={13} /> : <Laptop size={13} />}{t(routine.runOn === "cloud" ? "Cloud VM" : "MAUS setup")}</div></div>
+              <div className="rounded-xl bg-inset p-3"><div className="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">{t("Duration")}</div><div className="mt-1 text-[13px] text-ink">{t("{count} minutes", { count: routine.durationMinutes })}</div></div>
             </div>
           )}
           {run?.triggerSource === "webhook" && (
             <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
-              <div className="rounded-xl bg-inset p-3"><div className="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">Triggered by</div><div className="mt-1 flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[13px] text-ink"><Webhook size={13} />Webhook</div></div>
-              <div className="rounded-xl bg-inset p-3"><div className="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">Runs on</div><div className="mt-1 flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[13px] text-ink">{run.runOn === "cloud" ? <Cloud size={13} /> : <Laptop size={13} />}{run.runOn === "cloud" ? "Cloud VM" : "MAUS setup"}</div></div>
-              {run.deliveryId && <div className="col-span-2 rounded-xl bg-inset p-3"><div className="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">Delivery ID</div><div className="mt-1 truncate font-mono text-[11.5px] text-ink">{run.deliveryId}</div></div>}
+              <div className="rounded-xl bg-inset p-3"><div className="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">{t("Triggered by")}</div><div className="mt-1 flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[13px] text-ink"><Webhook size={13} />{t("Webhook")}</div></div>
+              <div className="rounded-xl bg-inset p-3"><div className="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">{t("Runs on")}</div><div className="mt-1 flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[13px] text-ink">{run.runOn === "cloud" ? <Cloud size={13} /> : <Laptop size={13} />}{t(run.runOn === "cloud" ? "Cloud VM" : "MAUS setup")}</div></div>
+              {run.deliveryId && <div className="col-span-2 rounded-xl bg-inset p-3"><div className="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">{t("Delivery ID")}</div><div className="mt-1 truncate font-mono text-[11.5px] text-ink">{run.deliveryId}</div></div>}
             </div>
           )}
-          {visibleInstructions && <div><div className="mb-1.5 text-[11px] font-medium uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">Instructions</div><div className="whitespace-pre-wrap rounded-xl border border-hairline/40 bg-inset px-3.5 py-3 text-[13px] leading-relaxed text-ink">{visibleInstructions}</div></div>}
-          {webhookParts?.eventData && <div><div className="mb-1.5 text-[11px] font-medium uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">Webhook event data</div><pre className="max-h-56 overflow-auto whitespace-pre-wrap rounded-xl border border-accent/15 bg-accent/5 px-3.5 py-3 font-mono text-[11.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">{webhookParts.eventData}</pre></div>}
-          {run?.output && <div><div className="mb-1.5 text-[11px] font-medium uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">Last output</div><div className="max-h-48 overflow-y-auto whitespace-pre-wrap rounded-xl border border-success/20 bg-success/5 px-3.5 py-3 text-[13px] leading-relaxed text-ink">{run.output}</div></div>}
+          {visibleInstructions && <div><div className="mb-1.5 text-[11px] font-medium uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">{t("Instructions")}</div><div className="whitespace-pre-wrap rounded-xl border border-hairline/40 bg-inset px-3.5 py-3 text-[13px] leading-relaxed text-ink">{visibleInstructions}</div></div>}
+          {webhookParts?.eventData && <div><div className="mb-1.5 text-[11px] font-medium uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">{t("Webhook event data")}</div><pre className="max-h-56 overflow-auto whitespace-pre-wrap rounded-xl border border-accent/15 bg-accent/5 px-3.5 py-3 font-mono text-[11.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">{webhookParts.eventData}</pre></div>}
+          {run?.output && <div><div className="mb-1.5 text-[11px] font-medium uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">{t("Last output")}</div><div className="max-h-48 overflow-y-auto whitespace-pre-wrap rounded-xl border border-success/20 bg-success/5 px-3.5 py-3 text-[13px] leading-relaxed text-ink">{run.output}</div></div>}
           {run?.error && <div className="flex items-start gap-2 rounded-xl border border-danger/30 bg-danger/10 px-3.5 py-3 text-[13px] text-danger"><CircleAlert size={16} className="mt-0.5 shrink-0" /><span>{run.error}</span></div>}
           {error && <div className="flex items-start gap-2 rounded-xl border border-danger/30 bg-danger/10 px-3.5 py-3 text-[13px] text-danger"><CircleAlert size={16} className="mt-0.5 shrink-0" /><span>{error}</span></div>}
-          {run?.status === "waiting" && <div className="rounded-xl border border-warning/30 bg-warning/10 px-3.5 py-3 text-[13px] text-warning">This MAUS needs your answer. Open its task to continue the run.</div>}
+          {run?.status === "waiting" && <div className="rounded-xl border border-warning/30 bg-warning/10 px-3.5 py-3 text-[13px] text-warning">{t("This MAUS needs your answer. Open its task to continue the run.")}</div>}
         </div>
         <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2 border-t border-hairline/40 px-5 py-4">
-          {routine && <button disabled={working} onClick={() => void invoke(`/api/routines/${routine.id}/run`)} className="flex items-center gap-2 rounded-xl bg-accent px-3.5 py-2 text-[13px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110 disabled:opacity-40"><Play size={14} />Run now</button>}
-          {run?.threadId && <button onClick={() => { dispatch({ type: "select", id: bot.id }); dispatch({ type: "switchTask", botId: bot.id, threadId: run.threadId! }); onClose(); }} className="flex items-center gap-2 rounded-xl bg-raised px-3.5 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover"><ExternalLink size={14} />Open task</button>}
-          {run && ["queued", "running", "waiting"].includes(run.status) && <button disabled={working} onClick={() => void invoke(`/api/routine-runs/${run.id}/cancel`)} className="flex items-center gap-2 rounded-xl bg-raised px-3.5 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-40"><X size={14} />Cancel run</button>}
+          {routine && <button disabled={working} onClick={() => void invoke(`/api/routines/${routine.id}/run`)} className="flex items-center gap-2 rounded-xl bg-accent px-3.5 py-2 text-[13px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110 disabled:opacity-40"><Play size={14} />{t("Run now")}</button>}
+          {run?.threadId && <button onClick={() => { dispatch({ type: "select", id: bot.id }); dispatch({ type: "switchTask", botId: bot.id, threadId: run.threadId! }); onClose(); }} className="flex items-center gap-2 rounded-xl bg-raised px-3.5 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover"><ExternalLink size={14} />{t("Open task")}</button>}
+          {run && ["queued", "running", "waiting"].includes(run.status) && <button disabled={working} onClick={() => void invoke(`/api/routine-runs/${run.id}/cancel`)} className="flex items-center gap-2 rounded-xl bg-raised px-3.5 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-40"><X size={14} />{t("Cancel run")}</button>}
           <div className="flex-1" />
-          {routine && canToggleRoutine(routine) && <button disabled={working} onClick={async () => { setWorking(true); setError(""); try { const response = await api(`/api/routines/${routine.id}`, { method: "PATCH", body: JSON.stringify({ enabled: !routine.enabled }) }); dispatch({ type: "routinePatched", routine: response.routine }); } catch (cause) { setError(cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : String(cause)); } finally { setWorking(false); } }} className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-xl px-3 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink disabled:opacity-40">{routine.enabled ? <Pause size={14} /> : <Play size={14} />}{routine.enabled ? "Pause" : "Resume"}</button>}
-          {routine && <button onClick={() => onEdit(routine)} className="rounded-xl px-3 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink">Edit</button>}
-          {routine && <button onClick={() => { if (!window.confirm(`Delete “${routine.name}”? Its past run receipts will stay in the calendar.`)) return; dispatch({ type: "deleteRoutine", routineId: routine.id }); onClose(); }} className="rounded-xl p-2 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-danger/10 hover:text-danger" title="Delete routine"><Trash2 size={16} /></button>}
+          {routine && canToggleRoutine(routine) && <button disabled={working} onClick={async () => { setWorking(true); setError(""); try { const response = await api(`/api/routines/${routine.id}`, { method: "PATCH", body: JSON.stringify({ enabled: !routine.enabled }) }); dispatch({ type: "routinePatched", routine: response.routine }); } catch (cause) { setError(cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : String(cause)); } finally { setWorking(false); } }} className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-xl px-3 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink disabled:opacity-40">{routine.enabled ? <Pause size={14} /> : <Play size={14} />}{t(routine.enabled ? "Pause" : "Resume")}</button>}
+          {routine && <button onClick={() => onEdit(routine)} className="rounded-xl px-3 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink">{t("Edit")}</button>}
+          {routine && <button onClick={() => { if (!window.confirm(t("Delete “{name}”? Its past run receipts will stay in the calendar.", { name: routine.name }))) return; dispatch({ type: "deleteRoutine", routineId: routine.id }); onClose(); }} className="rounded-xl p-2 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-danger/10 hover:text-danger" title={t("Delete routine")}><Trash2 size={16} /></button>}
         </div>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -547,11 +556,12 @@ function RoutineDetails({ item, bot, onClose, onEdit }: { item: CalendarItem; bo
 
 function PausedRoutines({ routines, bots, onClose, onEdit }: { routines: Routine[]; bots: Bot[]; onClose: () => void; onEdit: (routine: Routine) => void }) {
   const { dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { locale, t } = useI18n();
   return (
     <div className="fixed inset-0 z-50 flex items-center justify-center bg-black/70 p-5 backdrop-blur-sm" onMouseDown={(event) => event.target === event.currentTarget && onClose()}>
       <div className="w-full max-w-[560px] overflow-hidden rounded-2xl border border-hairline/60 bg-panel shadow-2xl">
         <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-hairline/40 px-5 py-4">
-          <div><div className="text-[17px] font-semibold text-ink">Paused routines</div><div className="mt-0.5 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">They keep their history and will not create new runs.</div></div>
+          <div><div className="text-[17px] font-semibold text-ink">{t("Paused routines")}</div><div className="mt-0.5 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">{t("They keep their history and will not create new runs.")}</div></div>
           <button onClick={onClose} className="rounded-lg p-2 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"><X size={18} /></button>
         </div>
         <div className="max-h-[60vh] space-y-2 overflow-y-auto p-4">
@@ -560,10 +570,10 @@ function PausedRoutines({ routines, bots, onClose, onEdit }: { routines: Routine
             return (
               <div key={routine.id} className="flex items-center gap-3 rounded-xl border border-hairline/40 bg-inset p-3">
                 {bot ? <BotAvatar bot={bot} state="sleeping" size={44} animated={false} label={bot.name} /> : <div className="flex size-11 items-center justify-center rounded-xl bg-raised text-ink-secondary"><CalendarClock size={20} /></div>}
-                <div className="min-w-0 flex-1"><div className="truncate text-[14px] font-semibold text-ink">{routine.name}</div><div className="mt-0.5 truncate text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">{bot?.name ?? "Deleted MAUS"} · {scheduleLabel(routine)}</div></div>
-                {bot && <button onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "updateRoutine", routineId: routine.id, patch: { enabled: true } })} className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-accent px-3 py-1.5 text-[12px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110"><Play size={12} />Resume</button>}
-                <button onClick={() => onEdit(routine)} className="rounded-lg px-2 py-1.5 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink">Edit</button>
-                <button onClick={() => { if (!window.confirm(`Delete “${routine.name}”?`)) return; dispatch({ type: "deleteRoutine", routineId: routine.id }); }} className="rounded-lg p-2 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-danger/10 hover:text-danger" title="Delete routine"><Trash2 size={15} /></button>
+                <div className="min-w-0 flex-1"><div className="truncate text-[14px] font-semibold text-ink">{routine.name}</div><div className="mt-0.5 truncate text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">{bot?.name ?? t("Deleted MAUS")} · {scheduleLabel(routine, locale, t)}</div></div>
+                {bot && <button onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "updateRoutine", routineId: routine.id, patch: { enabled: true } })} className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-accent px-3 py-1.5 text-[12px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110"><Play size={12} />{t("Resume")}</button>}
+                <button onClick={() => onEdit(routine)} className="rounded-lg px-2 py-1.5 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink">{t("Edit")}</button>
+                <button onClick={() => { if (!window.confirm(t("Delete “{name}”?", { name: routine.name }))) return; dispatch({ type: "deleteRoutine", routineId: routine.id }); }} className="rounded-lg p-2 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-danger/10 hover:text-danger" title={t("Delete routine")}><Trash2 size={15} /></button>
               </div>
             );
           })}
@@ -575,6 +585,7 @@ function PausedRoutines({ routines, bots, onClose, onEdit }: { routines: Routine
 
 export function RoutinesPage() {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { locale, t } = useI18n();
   const [section, setSection] = useState<"calendar" | "webhooks">("calendar");
   const [viewDays, setViewDays] = useState<1 | 3 | 7>(7);
   const [anchor, setAnchor] = useState(() => startOfWeek(Date.now()));
@@ -626,42 +637,42 @@ export function RoutinesPage() {
       >
         <div className="flex flex-wrap items-start justify-between gap-3">
           <div>
-            <div className="flex items-center gap-2.5">{section === "calendar" ? <CalendarDays size={21} className="text-accent" /> : <Webhook size={21} className="text-accent" />}<h1 className="text-[20px] font-semibold tracking-tight text-ink">Tasks &amp; routines</h1></div>
-            <p className="mt-1 text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary">{section === "calendar" ? "Routines start fresh agent tasks on a schedule." : "Webhooks start fresh agent tasks when an event arrives."}</p>
+            <div className="flex items-center gap-2.5">{section === "calendar" ? <CalendarDays size={21} className="text-accent" /> : <Webhook size={21} className="text-accent" />}<h1 className="text-[20px] font-semibold tracking-tight text-ink">{t("Tasks & routines")}</h1></div>
+            <p className="mt-1 text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary">{t(section === "calendar" ? "Routines start fresh agent tasks on a schedule." : "Webhooks start fresh agent tasks when an event arrives.")}</p>
           </div>
           <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-            {running > 0 && <span className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-full border border-accent/25 bg-accent/10 px-2.5 py-1.5 text-[11px] text-accent"><Loader2 size={12} className="animate-spin" />{running} active</span>}
-            {unseenFailures > 0 && <span className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-full border border-danger/25 bg-danger/10 px-2.5 py-1.5 text-[11px] text-danger"><CircleAlert size={12} />{unseenFailures} need attention</span>}
-            {paused.length > 0 && <button onClick={() => setPausedOpen(true)} className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-full border border-hairline/50 bg-panel px-2.5 py-1.5 text-[11px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"><Pause size={12} />{paused.length} paused</button>}
-            {section === "calendar" && <button onClick={() => setEditor("new")} disabled={visibleBots.length === 0} className="flex items-center gap-2 rounded-xl bg-accent px-3.5 py-2 text-[13px] font-medium text-white shadow-lg shadow-accent/10 hover:brightness-110 disabled:opacity-40"><Plus size={15} />New routine</button>}
+            {running > 0 && <span className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-full border border-accent/25 bg-accent/10 px-2.5 py-1.5 text-[11px] text-accent"><Loader2 size={12} className="animate-spin" />{t("{count} active", { count: running })}</span>}
+            {unseenFailures > 0 && <span className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-full border border-danger/25 bg-danger/10 px-2.5 py-1.5 text-[11px] text-danger"><CircleAlert size={12} />{t("{count} need attention", { count: unseenFailures })}</span>}
+            {paused.length > 0 && <button onClick={() => setPausedOpen(true)} className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-full border border-hairline/50 bg-panel px-2.5 py-1.5 text-[11px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"><Pause size={12} />{t("{count} paused", { count: paused.length })}</button>}
+            {section === "calendar" && <button onClick={() => setEditor("new")} disabled={visibleBots.length === 0} className="flex items-center gap-2 rounded-xl bg-accent px-3.5 py-2 text-[13px] font-medium text-white shadow-lg shadow-accent/10 hover:brightness-110 disabled:opacity-40"><Plus size={15} />{t("New routine")}</button>}
           </div>
         </div>
         <div className="mt-4 flex items-center gap-1 rounded-xl bg-panel p-1 sm:w-fit">
-          <button onClick={() => setSection("calendar")} className={cn("flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg px-3 py-1.5 text-[12px] font-medium", section === "calendar" ? "bg-raised text-ink shadow" : "text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink")}><CalendarDays size={13} />Routines</button>
-          <button onClick={() => setSection("webhooks")} className={cn("flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg px-3 py-1.5 text-[12px] font-medium", section === "webhooks" ? "bg-raised text-ink shadow" : "text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink")}><Webhook size={13} />Webhooks{state.webhooks.length > 0 && <span className="rounded-full bg-accent/15 px-1.5 text-[10px] text-accent">{state.webhooks.length}</span>}</button>
+          <button onClick={() => setSection("calendar")} className={cn("flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg px-3 py-1.5 text-[12px] font-medium", section === "calendar" ? "bg-raised text-ink shadow" : "text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink")}><CalendarDays size={13} />{t("Routines")}</button>
+          <button onClick={() => setSection("webhooks")} className={cn("flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg px-3 py-1.5 text-[12px] font-medium", section === "webhooks" ? "bg-raised text-ink shadow" : "text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink")}><Webhook size={13} />{t("Webhooks")}{state.webhooks.length > 0 && <span className="rounded-full bg-accent/15 px-1.5 text-[10px] text-accent">{state.webhooks.length}</span>}</button>
         </div>
         <div className="mt-3 rounded-xl border border-hairline/45 bg-panel/70 px-3.5 py-2.5 text-[11.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
           {section === "calendar" ? (
-            <><strong className="font-medium text-ink">Task</strong> = one conversation and result. <strong className="font-medium text-ink">Routine</strong> = a reusable schedule that creates a fresh task each run, using that agent's model, tools, permissions, computer, and connected apps.</>
+            <><strong className="font-medium text-ink">{t("Task")}</strong>{t(" = one conversation and result. ")}<strong className="font-medium text-ink">{t("Routine")}</strong>{t(" = a reusable schedule that creates a fresh task each run, using that agent's model, tools, permissions, computer, and connected apps.")}</>
           ) : (
-            <><strong className="font-medium text-ink">Webhook</strong> = an event endpoint that creates a fresh task. Connected services can call it when something happens; the receiving agent keeps its existing tools and permissions.</>
+            <><strong className="font-medium text-ink">{t("Webhook")}</strong>{t(" = an event endpoint that creates a fresh task. Connected services can call it when something happens; the receiving agent keeps its existing tools and permissions.")}</>
           )}
         </div>
         {section === "calendar" && <div className="mt-3 flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2">
           <div className="flex items-center rounded-xl border border-hairline/50 bg-panel p-0.5">
-            <button onClick={() => move(-1)} className="rounded-lg p-2 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink" aria-label="Previous dates"><ChevronLeft size={16} /></button>
-            <button onClick={goToday} className="px-2.5 py-1.5 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink hover:text-accent">Today</button>
-            <button onClick={() => move(1)} className="rounded-lg p-2 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink" aria-label="Next dates"><ChevronRight size={16} /></button>
+            <button onClick={() => move(-1)} className="rounded-lg p-2 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink" aria-label={t("Previous dates")}><ChevronLeft size={16} /></button>
+            <button onClick={goToday} className="px-2.5 py-1.5 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink hover:text-accent">{t("Today")}</button>
+            <button onClick={() => move(1)} className="rounded-lg p-2 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink" aria-label={t("Next dates")}><ChevronRight size={16} /></button>
           </div>
           <div className="min-w-[190px] px-2 text-[14px] font-semibold text-ink">
-            {new Date(rangeStart).toLocaleDateString([], { month: "long", year: "numeric" })}
+            {new Date(rangeStart).toLocaleDateString(locale, { month: "long", year: "numeric" })}
           </div>
           <select value={botFilter} onChange={(event) => setBotFilter(event.target.value)} className="rounded-xl border border-hairline/50 bg-panel px-3 py-2 text-[12px] text-ink outline-none focus:border-accent/60">
-            <option value="all">All MAUSes</option>
+            <option value="all">{t("All MAUSes")}</option>
             {visibleBots.map((bot) => <option key={bot.id} value={bot.id}>{bot.name}</option>)}
           </select>
           <div className="ml-auto flex rounded-xl bg-panel p-1">
-            {([1, 3, 7] as const).map((days) => <button key={days} onClick={() => { setViewDays(days); setAnchor(days === 7 ? startOfWeek(anchor) : startOfDay(anchor)); }} className={cn("rounded-lg px-3 py-1.5 text-[11px] font-medium", viewDays === days ? "bg-raised text-ink shadow" : "text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink")}>{days === 1 ? "Day" : days === 3 ? "3 days" : "Week"}</button>)}
+            {([1, 3, 7] as const).map((days) => <button key={days} onClick={() => { setViewDays(days); setAnchor(days === 7 ? startOfWeek(anchor) : startOfDay(anchor)); }} className={cn("rounded-lg px-3 py-1.5 text-[11px] font-medium", viewDays === days ? "bg-raised text-ink shadow" : "text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink")}>{t(days === 1 ? "Day" : days === 3 ? "3 days" : "Week")}</button>)}
           </div>
         </div>}
       </header>
@@ -675,10 +686,10 @@ export function RoutinesPage() {
               {visibleBots.slice(0, 3).map((bot, index) => <div key={bot.id} className="-ml-3 first:ml-0" style={{ transform: `translateY(${Math.abs(index - 1) * 9}px) rotate(${(index - 1) * 5}deg)` }}><BotAvatar bot={bot} state={index === 1 ? "excited" : "idle"} size={84} /></div>)}
               {visibleBots.length === 0 && <CalendarClock size={58} className="text-ink-secondary/40" />}
             </div>
-            <h2 className="text-[18px] font-semibold text-ink">Put your MAUS team on a rhythm</h2>
-            <p className="mt-2 text-[13px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">Plan research briefs, daily check-ins, recurring reviews, or one-time work. Every run becomes a separate task with its own result.</p>
-            <button onClick={() => setEditor("new")} disabled={visibleBots.length === 0} className="mt-5 inline-flex items-center gap-2 rounded-xl bg-accent px-4 py-2.5 text-[13px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110 disabled:opacity-40"><Plus size={15} />Create your first routine</button>
-            {visibleBots.length === 0 && <p className="mt-3 text-[12px] text-warning">Create a bot first, then come back to schedule it.</p>}
+            <h2 className="text-[18px] font-semibold text-ink">{t("Put your MAUS team on a rhythm")}</h2>
+            <p className="mt-2 text-[13px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">{t("Plan research briefs, daily check-ins, recurring reviews, or one-time work. Every run becomes a separate task with its own result.")}</p>
+            <button onClick={() => setEditor("new")} disabled={visibleBots.length === 0} className="mt-5 inline-flex items-center gap-2 rounded-xl bg-accent px-4 py-2.5 text-[13px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110 disabled:opacity-40"><Plus size={15} />{t("Create your first routine")}</button>
+            {visibleBots.length === 0 && <p className="mt-3 text-[12px] text-warning">{t("Create a bot first, then come back to schedule it.")}</p>}
           </div>
         </div>
       ) : (
diff --git a/src/components/SearchResults.tsx b/src/components/SearchResults.tsx
index 63e910fd0..dbb7f2ba2 100644
--- a/src/components/SearchResults.tsx
+++ b/src/components/SearchResults.tsx
@@ -9,12 +9,14 @@ import { MausAvatar } from "./Avatar";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
 import type { SearchHit } from "@/lib/search-hit";
 import { landOnSearchHit } from "@/lib/focus-message";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 
 export const MIN_QUERY = 2;
 const DEBOUNCE_MS = 250;
 
 export function SearchResults({ query, onLanded }: { query: string; onLanded: () => void }) {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { locale } = useI18n();
   const [hits, setHits] = useState<SearchHit[] | null>(null);
   const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const q = query.trim();
@@ -79,7 +81,7 @@ export function SearchResults({ query, onLanded }: { query: string; onLanded: ()
               <span className="flex items-baseline gap-1.5 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">
                 <span className="truncate font-medium text-ink">{hit.from ?? hit.name}</span>
                 {hit.task ? <span className="truncate">· {hit.task}</span> : null}
-                <span className="ml-auto shrink-0 tabular-nums">{formatTime(hit.at)}</span>
+                <span className="ml-auto shrink-0 tabular-nums">{formatTime(hit.at, locale)}</span>
               </span>
               <span className={cn("mt-0.5 line-clamp-2 text-[12.5px] leading-snug", hit.role === "user" ? "text-ink" : "text-ink-secondary")}>
                 {hit.kind === "activity" && <Wrench size={11} className="mr-1 inline text-ink-secondary" />}
diff --git a/src/components/SettingsModal.tsx b/src/components/SettingsModal.tsx
index 30db251ab..037a221e8 100644
--- a/src/components/SettingsModal.tsx
+++ b/src/components/SettingsModal.tsx
@@ -18,6 +18,10 @@ import { SkinPicker } from "./SkinPicker";
 import { RoomTurnTimeoutSettings } from "./RoomTurnTimeoutSettings";
 import { TranscriptionSettings } from "./TranscriptionSettings";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
+import { LOCALES, type LocaleId } from "@/lib/i18n";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
+
+type Translate = ReturnType<typeof useI18n>["t"];
 
 const SECTIONS: Array<{
   id: AppSettingsSection;
@@ -33,14 +37,15 @@ const SECTIONS: Array<{
   { id: "usage", label: "Usage", icon: Coins, keywords: ["tokens", "cost", "billing"] },
 ];
 
-function sectionMatches(section: (typeof SECTIONS)[number], query: string): boolean {
+function sectionMatches(section: (typeof SECTIONS)[number], query: string, t: Translate): boolean {
   if (!query) return true;
-  return [section.label, ...section.keywords].some((part) => part.toLowerCase().includes(query));
+  return [section.label, t(section.label), ...section.keywords].some((part) => part.toLowerCase().includes(query));
 }
 
 /** Name + email, persisted to /api/config {profile} on blur. */
 function ProfileFields() {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const [name, setName] = useState(state.config?.profile?.name ?? "");
   const [email, setEmail] = useState(state.config?.profile?.email ?? "");
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -63,13 +68,13 @@ function ProfileFields() {
     "w-full rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 bg-inset px-3 py-2 text-[14px] text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:border-hairline focus:outline-none";
   return (
     <div className="flex flex-col gap-3">
-      <input value={name} onChange={(e) => setName(e.target.value)} onBlur={save} placeholder="Your name" className={inputClass} />
+      <input value={name} onChange={(e) => setName(e.target.value)} onBlur={save} placeholder={t("Your name")} className={inputClass} />
       <input
         type="email"
         value={email}
         onChange={(e) => setEmail(e.target.value)}
         onBlur={save}
-        placeholder="you@example.com"
+        placeholder={t("you@example.com")}
         className={inputClass}
       />
     </div>
@@ -78,22 +83,23 @@ function ProfileFields() {
 
 function UpdatesRow() {
   const s = useUpdaterState();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   if (!window.ogb?.updater) return null;
   const updater = window.ogb.updater;
   const label =
     s?.status === "checking"
-      ? "Checking…"
+      ? t("Checking…")
       : s?.status === "available"
-        ? `${s.version} available`
+        ? t("{version} available", { version: s.version ?? "" })
         : s?.status === "downloading"
-          ? `Downloading ${Math.round(s.percent ?? 0)}%`
+          ? t("Downloading {percent}%", { percent: Math.round(s.percent ?? 0) })
           : s?.status === "downloaded"
-            ? `${s.version} ready — restart to apply`
+            ? t("{version} ready — restart to apply", { version: s.version ?? "" })
             : s?.status === "error"
-              ? `Check failed: ${s.message ?? "unknown error"}`
-              : "You're on the latest version we know of.";
+              ? t("Check failed: {message}", { message: s.message ?? t("unknown error") })
+              : t("You're on the latest version we know of.");
   return (
-    <Card title="Updates" subtitle={label}>
+    <Card title={t("Updates")} subtitle={label}>
       <button
         onClick={() => {
           if (s?.status === "available") return void updater.download();
@@ -104,10 +110,10 @@ function UpdatesRow() {
         className="rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 px-3 py-1.5 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-control disabled:opacity-40"
       >
         {s?.status === "available"
-          ? "Download"
+          ? t("Download")
           : s?.status === "downloaded"
-            ? "Restart and install"
-            : "Check for updates"}
+            ? t("Restart and install")
+            : t("Check for updates")}
       </button>
     </Card>
   );
@@ -119,15 +125,16 @@ function UpdatesRow() {
  * sends (autocapture is off; see lib/analytics.ts). */
 function AnalyticsRow() {
   const [on, setOn] = useState(analyticsEnabled);
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   return (
     <Card
-      title="Usage analytics"
-      subtitle="Anonymous product events — app opened, which features get used. Never conversations, prompts, file contents, or bot output. Your email is only attached if you shared it during setup."
+      title={t("Usage analytics")}
+      subtitle={t("Anonymous product events — app opened, which features get used. Never conversations, prompts, file contents, or bot output. Your email is only attached if you shared it during setup.")}
     >
       <button
         role="switch"
         aria-checked={on}
-        aria-label="Send usage analytics"
+        aria-label={t("Send usage analytics")}
         onClick={() => {
           const next = !on;
           setAnalyticsEnabled(next);
@@ -141,8 +148,25 @@ function AnalyticsRow() {
   );
 }
 
+function LanguageRow() {
+  const { locale, setLocale, t } = useI18n();
+  return (
+    <Card title={t("Language")} subtitle={t("Choose the language used by OpenMausBot.")}>
+      <select
+        value={locale}
+        aria-label={t("Language")}
+        onChange={(event) => setLocale(event.target.value as LocaleId)}
+        className="w-full rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 bg-inset px-3 py-2 text-[14px] text-ink focus:border-hairline focus:outline-none"
+      >
+        {LOCALES.map((option) => <option key={option.id} value={option.id}>{option.name}</option>)}
+      </select>
+    </Card>
+  );
+}
+
 function ExperimentalFeaturesRow() {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const enabled = skillRecorderEnabled(state.config);
   const [saving, setSaving] = useState(false);
   const [error, setError] = useState("");
@@ -158,7 +182,7 @@ function ExperimentalFeaturesRow() {
       });
       dispatch({ type: "configStatus", config });
     } catch (cause) {
-      setError(cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : "Could not save the experimental feature setting.");
+      setError(cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : t("Could not save the experimental feature setting."));
     } finally {
       setSaving(false);
     }
@@ -166,20 +190,20 @@ function ExperimentalFeaturesRow() {
 
   return (
     <Card
-      title="Experimental features"
-      subtitle="Early features may change while we test them. They stay off unless you enable them."
+      title={t("Experimental features")}
+      subtitle={t("Early features may change while we test them. They stay off unless you enable them.")}
     >
       <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-4">
         <div className="min-w-0">
-          <div className="text-[14px] font-medium text-ink">Teach a skill</div>
+          <div className="text-[14px] font-medium text-ink">{t("Teach a skill")}</div>
           <div className="mt-0.5 text-[12px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
-            Show the workflow recorder in the sidebar.
+            {t("Show the workflow recorder in the sidebar.")}
           </div>
         </div>
         <button
           role="switch"
           aria-checked={enabled}
-          aria-label="Show Teach a skill"
+          aria-label={t("Show Teach a skill")}
           disabled={saving}
           onClick={() => void toggle()}
           className={`${cnSwitch(enabled)} disabled:cursor-wait disabled:opacity-50`}
@@ -201,8 +225,10 @@ const cnKnob = (on: boolean) =>
  * report holds versions, configured-or-not booleans and the server.log tail —
  * never credential values (the desktop shell does not read secret fields). */
 function DiagnosticsRow() {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const [exporting, setExporting] = useState(false);
   const [result, setResult] = useState<{ kind: "success" | "error"; message: string } | null>(null);
+  const supported = Boolean(window.ogb?.exportDiagnostics);
 
   const exportDiagnostics = async () => {
     if (!window.ogb?.exportDiagnostics || exporting) return;
@@ -210,7 +236,7 @@ function DiagnosticsRow() {
     setResult(null);
     try {
       const path = await window.ogb.exportDiagnostics();
-      if (path) setResult({ kind: "success", message: `Saved to ${path}` });
+      if (path) setResult({ kind: "success", message: t("Saved to {path}", { path }) });
     } catch (e) {
       setResult({ kind: "error", message: e instanceof Error ? e.message : String(e) });
     } finally {
@@ -218,19 +244,21 @@ function DiagnosticsRow() {
     }
   };
 
+  if (!supported) return null;
+
   return (
     <Card
-      title="Diagnostics"
-      subtitle="Versions, configuration on/off state and a redacted server log tail. Review the file before sharing it."
+      title={t("Diagnostics")}
+      subtitle={t("Versions, configuration on/off state and a redacted server log tail. Review the file before sharing it.")}
     >
       <div className="flex min-w-0 flex-col items-end gap-2">
         <button
           onClick={() => void exportDiagnostics()}
           disabled={exporting}
-          aria-label="Export diagnostics to a text file"
+          aria-label={t("Export diagnostics to a text file")}
           className="rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 px-3 py-1.5 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-control disabled:opacity-40"
         >
-          {exporting ? "Exporting…" : "Export Diagnostics…"}
+          {exporting ? t("Exporting…") : t("Export Diagnostics…")}
         </button>
         {result ? (
           <span
@@ -247,18 +275,19 @@ function DiagnosticsRow() {
 
 export function SettingsModal() {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const section = state.appSettingsSection;
   const dialogRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   const [query, setQuery] = useState("");
   const q = query.trim().toLowerCase();
-  const visibleSections = SECTIONS.filter((entry) => sectionMatches(entry, q));
+  const visibleSections = SECTIONS.filter((entry) => sectionMatches(entry, q, t));
 
   useEffect(() => {
-    const visible = SECTIONS.filter((entry) => sectionMatches(entry, q));
+    const visible = SECTIONS.filter((entry) => sectionMatches(entry, q, t));
     if (visible.some((entry) => entry.id === section)) return;
     const first = visible[0];
     if (first) dispatch({ type: "toggleAppSettings", open: true, section: first.id });
-  }, [dispatch, q, section]);
+  }, [dispatch, q, section, t]);
 
   useEffect(() => {
     const previousFocus = document.activeElement instanceof HTMLElement ? document.activeElement : null;
@@ -319,7 +348,7 @@ export function SettingsModal() {
         {/* section nav */}
         <nav className="flex w-[190px] shrink-0 flex-col gap-0.5 border-r border-hairline/40 p-3">
           <div id="app-settings-title" className="px-2 pb-2 pt-1 text-[15px] font-semibold text-ink">
-            Settings
+            {t("Settings")}
           </div>
           <div className="mb-1.5 flex items-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-control/70 px-2.5 py-1.5">
             <Search size={14} className="shrink-0 text-ink-secondary" />
@@ -332,14 +361,14 @@ export function SettingsModal() {
                 if (query) setQuery("");
                 else dispatch({ type: "toggleAppSettings", open: false });
               }}
-              placeholder="Search"
-              aria-label="Search settings"
+              placeholder={t("Search")}
+              aria-label={t("Search settings")}
               className="w-full bg-transparent text-[13px] text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:outline-none"
             />
           </div>
           {visibleSections.length === 0 && (
             <div className="px-2.5 py-4 text-[12.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
-              Nothing matches “{query.trim()}”
+              {t("Nothing matches “{query}”", { query: query.trim() })}
             </div>
           )}
           {visibleSections.map(({ id, label, icon: Icon }) => (
@@ -353,7 +382,7 @@ export function SettingsModal() {
               )}
             >
               <Icon size={15} />
-              {label}
+              {t(label)}
             </button>
           ))}
         </nav>
@@ -361,11 +390,11 @@ export function SettingsModal() {
         <div className="flex min-w-0 flex-1 flex-col">
           <div className="flex items-center justify-between px-5 py-3">
             <span className="text-[15px] font-semibold text-ink">
-              {SECTIONS.find((s) => s.id === section)?.label}
+              {t(SECTIONS.find((s) => s.id === section)?.label ?? "")}
             </span>
             <button
               onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "toggleAppSettings", open: false })}
-              aria-label="Close settings"
+              aria-label={t("Close settings")}
               className="rounded-md p-1 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-control hover:text-ink"
             >
               <X size={18} />
@@ -375,13 +404,14 @@ export function SettingsModal() {
           <div className="flex flex-1 flex-col gap-4 overflow-y-auto px-5 pb-5">
             {section === "general" && (
               <>
-                <Card title="Profile" subtitle="Shown in the sidebar. Saved as you go.">
+                <Card title={t("Profile")} subtitle={t("Shown in the sidebar. Saved as you go.")}>
                   <ProfileFields />
                 </Card>
-                <Card title="Skin" subtitle="Applies instantly and is remembered on this machine.">
+                <LanguageRow />
+                <Card title={t("Skin")} subtitle={t("Applies instantly and is remembered on this machine.")}>
                   <SkinPicker />
                 </Card>
-                <Card title="Channel turns" subtitle="Set one maximum duration for every bot turn in a channel.">
+                <Card title={t("Channel turns")} subtitle={t("Set one maximum duration for every bot turn in a channel.")}>
                   <RoomTurnTimeoutSettings />
                 </Card>
                 <ExperimentalFeaturesRow />
@@ -393,13 +423,13 @@ export function SettingsModal() {
 
             {section === "connections" && (
               <Card
-                title="Connections"
-                subtitle="Connected apps work automatically in the installed app. Other optional service keys stay on this computer."
+                title={t("Connections")}
+                subtitle={t("Connected apps work automatically in the installed app. Other optional service keys stay on this computer.")}
               >
                 <div className="flex flex-col gap-4">
                   {state.config?.composio.mode === "managed" ? (
                     <div className="rounded-lg border border-success/25 bg-success/10 px-3 py-2 text-[13px] text-success">
-                      Connected apps service is ready
+                      {t("Connected apps service is ready")}
                     </div>
                   ) : null}
                   <TranscriptionSettings />
@@ -407,7 +437,7 @@ export function SettingsModal() {
                   <VpsConnection />
                   <ApiKeyRow section="opencodeGo" />
                   <details className="rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 bg-inset px-3 py-2">
-                    <summary className="cursor-pointer text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">Self-host connected apps</summary>
+                    <summary className="cursor-pointer text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Self-host connected apps")}</summary>
                     <div className="mt-3">
                       <ApiKeyRow section="composio" />
                     </div>
@@ -417,7 +447,7 @@ export function SettingsModal() {
             )}
 
             {section === "engines" && (
-              <Card title="Engine CLIs" subtitle="Which binary each engine runs. Saved as you go.">
+              <Card title={t("Engine CLIs")} subtitle={t("Which binary each engine runs. Saved as you go.")}>
                 <EnginesSettings />
               </Card>
             )}
diff --git a/src/components/SettingsPanel.tsx b/src/components/SettingsPanel.tsx
index cc78a346a..732477d7b 100644
--- a/src/components/SettingsPanel.tsx
+++ b/src/components/SettingsPanel.tsx
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import { BotProfileAvatarCard } from "./BotProfileAvatarCard";
 import { LocalComputerAutoWarning } from "./LocalComputerAutoWarning";
 import { VoiceSettings } from "./VoiceSettings";
 import { BOT_PROFILE_LIMITS } from "../../shared/bot-profile";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 
 function Field({
   label,
@@ -34,38 +35,41 @@ function Field({
  * engine is billed — on a subscription the figure is an equivalent. */
 function BotUsageCard({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const usage = botUsage(bot);
   const instance = state.instances.find((i) => i.instanceId === bot.modelSelection.instanceId);
   if (usage.turns === 0) return null;
   return (
     <div className="rounded-xl bg-card p-4">
       <div className="flex items-baseline justify-between">
-        <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">Usage</div>
+        <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">{t("Usage")}</div>
         <button
           onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "toggleAppSettings", open: true, section: "usage" })}
           className="text-[12px] text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink"
         >
-          All bots →
+          {t("All bots")} →
         </button>
       </div>
       <div className="mt-3 grid grid-cols-3 gap-3 text-[13px]">
         <div>
-          <div className="text-[11.5px] uppercase tracking-wide text-ink-secondary">Turns</div>
+          <div className="text-[11.5px] uppercase tracking-wide text-ink-secondary">{t("Turns")}</div>
           <div className="mt-0.5 tabular-nums text-ink">{usage.turns}</div>
         </div>
         <div>
-          <div className="text-[11.5px] uppercase tracking-wide text-ink-secondary">Tokens</div>
+          <div className="text-[11.5px] uppercase tracking-wide text-ink-secondary">{t("Tokens")}</div>
           <div className="mt-0.5 tabular-nums text-ink" title={`${formatTokens(usage.input)} in · ${formatTokens(usage.output)} out`}>
             {formatTokens(usage.input + usage.output)}
           </div>
         </div>
         <div>
-          <div className="text-[11.5px] uppercase tracking-wide text-ink-secondary">Cost</div>
+          <div className="text-[11.5px] uppercase tracking-wide text-ink-secondary">{t("Cost")}</div>
           <div className="mt-0.5 tabular-nums text-ink">{hasFiniteCost(usage.costUsd) ? formatUsd(usage.costUsd) : "—"}</div>
         </div>
       </div>
       <div className="mt-2 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">
-        {hasFiniteCost(usage.costUsd) ? `Cost ${costCaption(instance?.snapshot.billing)}.` : "This engine doesn't report a price; tokens are counted."}
+        {hasFiniteCost(usage.costUsd)
+          ? t("Cost is {description}.", { description: t(costCaption(instance?.snapshot.billing)) })
+          : t("This engine doesn't report a price; tokens are counted.")}
       </div>
     </div>
   );
@@ -80,6 +84,7 @@ const inputCls =
  * PATCH is made directly rather than through updateBot: the server
  * validates the path and a rejected folder must not stick in local state. */
 function WorkingFolder({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const { capabilities } = useDesktopCapabilities();
   const home = capabilities.host.homeDir;
   const [draft, setDraft] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -109,19 +114,19 @@ function WorkingFolder({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
 
   return (
     <div className="rounded-xl bg-card p-4">
-      <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">Working folder</div>
-      <div className="mt-0.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">Where this bot runs its shell and file tools.</div>
+      <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">{t("Working folder")}</div>
+      <div className="mt-0.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Where this bot runs its shell and file tools.")}</div>
       {canPick ? (
         <div className="mt-3 flex items-center gap-2">
           <div className="min-w-0 flex-1 truncate rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 bg-inset px-3 py-2 font-mono text-[12.5px] text-ink" title={bot.cwd}>
-            {bot.cwd ? shortPath(bot.cwd, home) : <span className="text-ink-secondary">Private bot workspace</span>}
+            {bot.cwd ? shortPath(bot.cwd, home) : <span className="text-ink-secondary">{t("Private bot workspace")}</span>}
           </div>
           <button onClick={() => void pick()} disabled={saving} className="flex shrink-0 items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-control px-3 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-50">
-            <FolderOpen size={14} /> Choose…
+            <FolderOpen size={14} /> {t("Choose…")}
           </button>
           {bot.cwd && (
             <button onClick={() => void save(null)} disabled={saving} className="shrink-0 rounded-lg px-2 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink disabled:opacity-50">
-              Clear
+              {t("Clear")}
             </button>
           )}
         </div>
@@ -136,19 +141,21 @@ function WorkingFolder({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
         >
           <input
             className={cn(inputCls, "font-mono text-[12.5px]")}
-            placeholder="Private bot workspace — or an absolute path"
+            placeholder={t("Private bot workspace — or an absolute path")}
             value={draft ?? bot.cwd ?? ""}
             onChange={(e) => setDraft(e.target.value)}
           />
           <button type="submit" disabled={saving || draft === null} className="shrink-0 rounded-lg bg-control px-3 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-50">
-            Save
+            {t("Save")}
           </button>
         </form>
       )}
       {error && <div className="mt-2 text-[12px] text-danger">{error}</div>}
       {pinnedElsewhere && (
         <div className="mt-2 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">
-          New tasks start here. This task is pinned to {pinned ? <span className="font-mono">{shortPath(pinned, home)}</span> : "the home folder"} — start a new task to use the new folder.
+          {t("New tasks start here. This task is pinned to {folder} — start a new task to use the new folder.", {
+            folder: pinned ? shortPath(pinned, home) : t("the home folder"),
+          })}
         </div>
       )}
     </div>
@@ -167,6 +174,7 @@ const formatBytes = (bytes: number) => (bytes < 1024 ? `${bytes} B` : `${Math.ro
  * every bot and most visits never look at memory — and an expand also
  * re-reads, so notes the bot wrote mid-session show up on the next open. */
 function MemoryCard({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const [open, setOpen] = useState(false);
   const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false);
   const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -234,15 +242,15 @@ function MemoryCard({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
         }}
       >
         <div>
-          <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">Memory</div>
+          <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">{t("Memory")}</div>
           <div className="mt-0.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
-            Notes this bot keeps between tasks — plain files you can edit.
+            {t("Notes this bot keeps between tasks — plain files you can edit.")}
           </div>
         </div>
         <ChevronDown size={16} className={cn("shrink-0 text-ink-secondary transition-transform", open && "rotate-180")} />
       </button>
 
-      {open && loading && <div className="mt-3 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">Loading…</div>}
+      {open && loading && <div className="mt-3 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Loading…")}</div>}
 
       {open && !loading && topic && (
         <div className="mt-3">
@@ -252,7 +260,7 @@ function MemoryCard({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
               onClick={() => setTopic(null)}
               className="shrink-0 rounded-md px-2 py-1 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-control hover:text-ink"
             >
-              Back
+              {t("Back")}
             </button>
           </div>
           <pre className="mt-2 max-h-[240px] overflow-auto whitespace-pre-wrap rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 bg-inset p-3 font-mono text-[12.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink">
@@ -266,8 +274,8 @@ function MemoryCard({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
           <textarea
             className={cn(inputCls, "min-h-[160px] resize-y font-mono text-[12.5px] leading-relaxed")}
             value={text}
-            placeholder="Nothing remembered yet. The bot writes durable notes here — or add your own."
-            aria-label="Bot memory"
+            placeholder={t("Nothing remembered yet. The bot writes durable notes here — or add your own.")}
+            aria-label={t("Bot memory")}
             onChange={(e) => {
               setText(e.target.value);
               setDirty(true);
@@ -279,18 +287,18 @@ function MemoryCard({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
               disabled={saving || !dirty}
               className="rounded-lg bg-control px-3 py-1.5 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-50"
             >
-              {saving ? "Saving…" : "Save"}
+              {saving ? t("Saving…") : t("Save")}
             </button>
             {truncated && (
               <span className="text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">
-                Over the budget — only the top of this file loads each turn.
+                {t("Over the budget — only the top of this file loads each turn.")}
               </span>
             )}
           </div>
           {topics.length > 0 && (
             <div className="mt-3">
               <div className="mb-1.5 text-[12px] font-medium uppercase tracking-[0.08em] text-ink-secondary">
-                Topic files
+                {t("Topic files")}
               </div>
               <div className="overflow-hidden rounded-lg border border-hairline/40">
                 {topics.map((entry) => (
@@ -316,6 +324,7 @@ function MemoryCard({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
 
 export function SettingsPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const { capabilities } = useDesktopCapabilities();
   const providerSupportsLocal = instanceSupportsLocalComputer(state.instances, bot);
   const localSelectable = localComputerSelectable({ capabilities, providerSupportsLocal });
@@ -353,7 +362,7 @@ export function SettingsPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
   const canUseVps = engine?.capabilities?.computerMcp === true && engine.driverKind !== "boxAgent";
   const connectedAppsConfigured = state.config?.composio?.configured === true;
   const connectedAppsEnabled = bot.composio !== false;
-  const sectionName = bot.section?.trim() || "General";
+  const sectionName = bot.section?.trim() || t("General");
   const currentChief = state.bots.find(
     (candidate) =>
       candidate.chiefOfStaff &&
@@ -367,17 +376,17 @@ export function SettingsPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
       <div className="flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-3">
         <button
           onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "toggleSettings", open: false })}
-          aria-label="Collapse agent profile"
-          title="Collapse agent profile"
+          aria-label={t("Collapse agent profile")}
+          title={t("Collapse agent profile")}
           className="flex size-10 items-center justify-center rounded-md text-ink-secondary hover:bg-control hover:text-ink"
         >
           <ChevronLeft size={18} />
         </button>
-        <span className="text-[15px] font-semibold text-ink">Agent profile</span>
+        <span className="text-[15px] font-semibold text-ink">{t("Agent profile")}</span>
         <button
           onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "toggleSettings", open: false })}
-          aria-label="Close agent profile"
-          title="Close agent profile"
+          aria-label={t("Close agent profile")}
+          title={t("Close agent profile")}
           className="flex size-10 items-center justify-center rounded-md text-ink-secondary hover:bg-control hover:text-ink"
         >
           <X size={18} />
@@ -393,7 +402,7 @@ export function SettingsPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
             onPatch={patch}
           />
 
-          <Field label="Name">
+          <Field label={t("Name")}>
             <input
               className={inputCls}
               maxLength={BOT_PROFILE_LIMITS.name}
@@ -401,20 +410,20 @@ export function SettingsPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
               onChange={(e) => patch({ name: e.target.value })}
             />
           </Field>
-          <Field label="Title">
+          <Field label={t("Title")}>
             <input
               className={inputCls}
               maxLength={BOT_PROFILE_LIMITS.title}
-              placeholder="Describe what your agent does"
+              placeholder={t("Describe what your agent does")}
               value={bot.title}
               onChange={(e) => patch({ title: e.target.value })}
             />
           </Field>
-          <Field label="Description">
+          <Field label={t("Description")}>
             <textarea
               className={cn(inputCls, "min-h-[96px] resize-none")}
               maxLength={BOT_PROFILE_LIMITS.description}
-              placeholder="What this agent is for"
+              placeholder={t("What this agent is for")}
               value={bot.description}
               onChange={(e) => patch({ description: e.target.value })}
             />
@@ -432,16 +441,16 @@ export function SettingsPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
                 <Crown size={17} />
               </span>
               <div className="min-w-0 flex-1">
-                <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">Chief of Staff</div>
-                <div className="text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">One for {sectionName}</div>
+                <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">{t("Chief of Staff")}</div>
+                <div className="text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">{t("One for {section}", { section: sectionName })}</div>
               </div>
               <button
                 role="switch"
                 aria-checked={Boolean(bot.chiefOfStaff)}
-                aria-label="Chief of Staff"
+                aria-label={t("Chief of Staff")}
                 disabled={!bot.chiefOfStaff && !canCoordinate}
                 onClick={() => patch({ chiefOfStaff: !bot.chiefOfStaff })}
-                title={!bot.chiefOfStaff && !canCoordinate ? "This engine cannot contact other bots" : undefined}
+                title={!bot.chiefOfStaff && !canCoordinate ? t("This engine cannot contact other bots") : undefined}
                 className={cn(
                   "relative h-[26px] w-[44px] shrink-0 rounded-full transition-colors disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-40",
                   bot.chiefOfStaff ? "bg-accent" : "bg-control",
@@ -457,35 +466,35 @@ export function SettingsPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
             </div>
             <div className="mt-3 text-[13px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
               {bot.chiefOfStaff && !canCoordinate
-                ? "This bot still holds the role, but its current engine cannot contact teammates. Choose a Claude or ACP engine to restore coordination."
+                ? t("This bot still holds the role, but its current engine cannot contact teammates. Choose a Claude or ACP engine to restore coordination.")
                 : bot.chiefOfStaff
-                  ? `This is the primary contact for ${sectionName}. It can create and coordinate specialists in this section, then combine their work into one answer.`
+                  ? t("This is the primary contact for {section}. It can create and coordinate specialists in this section, then combine their work into one answer.", { section: sectionName })
                 : !canCoordinate
-                  ? "Choose a Claude or ACP engine to let this bot coordinate teammates."
+                  ? t("Choose a Claude or ACP engine to let this bot coordinate teammates.")
                   : currentChief
-                    ? `Make this bot the ${sectionName} Chief and hand the role over from ${currentChief.name}.`
-                    : `Make this bot the primary contact for the ${sectionName} section.`}
+                    ? t("Make this bot the {section} Chief and hand the role over from {name}.", { section: sectionName, name: currentChief.name })
+                    : t("Make this bot the primary contact for the {section} section.", { section: sectionName })}
             </div>
           </div>
 
           <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-4 rounded-xl bg-card p-4">
             <div>
               <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">
-                Ask me before contacting other bots
+                {t("Ask me before contacting other bots")}
               </div>
               <div className="mt-0.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
                 {bot.approvePeerComms
-                  ? "This bot will stop and ask before it reaches out to another bot."
-                  : "Let this bot talk to teammates on its own, without a confirmation step."}
+                  ? t("This bot will stop and ask before it reaches out to another bot.")
+                  : t("Let this bot talk to teammates on its own, without a confirmation step.")}
               </div>
             </div>
             <button
               role="switch"
               aria-checked={Boolean(bot.approvePeerComms)}
-              aria-label="Ask me before contacting other bots"
+              aria-label={t("Ask me before contacting other bots")}
               disabled={!bot.approvePeerComms && !canCoordinate}
               onClick={() => patch({ approvePeerComms: !bot.approvePeerComms })}
-              title={!bot.approvePeerComms && !canCoordinate ? "This engine cannot contact other bots" : undefined}
+              title={!bot.approvePeerComms && !canCoordinate ? t("This engine cannot contact other bots") : undefined}
               className={cn(
                 "relative h-[26px] w-[44px] shrink-0 rounded-full transition-colors disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-40",
                 bot.approvePeerComms ? "bg-accent" : "bg-control",
@@ -502,30 +511,30 @@ export function SettingsPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
 
           <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-4 rounded-xl bg-card p-4">
             <div>
-              <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">Connected apps</div>
+              <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">{t("Connected apps")}</div>
               <div className="mt-0.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
                 {!connectedAppsConfigured
-                  ? "Connect apps in App Settings before giving this bot access."
+                  ? t("Connect apps in App Settings before giving this bot access.")
                   : !canUseConnectedApps
-                    ? "This bot's current engine cannot use connected apps."
+                    ? t("This bot's current engine cannot use connected apps.")
                     : connectedAppsEnabled
-                      ? "Let this bot use your connected Gmail, Calendar, Slack, and other apps."
-                      : "Keep your connected apps unavailable to this bot."}
+                      ? t("Let this bot use your connected Gmail, Calendar, Slack, and other apps.")
+                      : t("Keep your connected apps unavailable to this bot.")}
               </div>
             </div>
             <button
               role="switch"
               aria-checked={connectedAppsEnabled}
-              aria-label="Allow this bot to use connected apps"
+              aria-label={t("Allow this bot to use connected apps")}
               disabled={
                 !connectedAppsEnabled && (!connectedAppsConfigured || !canUseConnectedApps)
               }
               onClick={() => patch({ composio: !connectedAppsEnabled })}
               title={
                 !connectedAppsEnabled && !connectedAppsConfigured
-                  ? "Connect apps in App Settings first"
+                  ? t("Connect apps in App Settings first")
                   : !connectedAppsEnabled && !canUseConnectedApps
-                    ? "This engine cannot use connected apps"
+                    ? t("This engine cannot use connected apps")
                     : undefined
               }
               className={cn(
@@ -548,9 +557,9 @@ export function SettingsPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
               contained
               label={
                 <div>
-                  <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">Model</div>
+                  <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">{t("Model")}</div>
                   <div className="mt-0.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
-                    Which provider and model this bot runs on
+                    {t("Which provider and model this bot runs on")}
                   </div>
                 </div>
               }
@@ -559,14 +568,14 @@ export function SettingsPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
 
           {!!engine?.capabilities?.effortLevels?.length && (
             <div className="rounded-xl bg-card p-4">
-              <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">Effort</div>
+              <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">{t("Effort")}</div>
               {/* Says what the app does, not what the engine ends up at:
                   Codex applies a level to the whole thread and has no way to
                   take one back, so "currently: engine default" was a promise
                   we could not keep for a thread that had already been sent
                   one. Sending nothing is true on every engine. */}
               <div className="mt-0.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
-                How hard this bot thinks{bot.modelSelection.effort ? "" : " (Default: no level is sent)"}
+                {t("How hard this bot thinks")}{bot.modelSelection.effort ? "" : t(" (Default: no level is sent)")}
               </div>
               <div className="mt-3 flex overflow-hidden rounded-lg border border-hairline/40">
                 {([undefined, ...engine.capabilities.effortLevels] as const).map((level, i) => (
@@ -583,7 +592,7 @@ export function SettingsPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
                     )}
                   >
                     {/* the others capitalize cleanly; "xhigh" would read "Xhigh" */}
-                    {level === "xhigh" ? "X-High" : (level ?? "Default")}
+                    {level === "xhigh" ? "X-High" : t(level ?? "Default")}
                   </button>
                 ))}
               </div>
@@ -591,9 +600,9 @@ export function SettingsPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
           )}
 
           <div className="rounded-xl bg-card p-4">
-            <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">Computer</div>
+            <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">{t("Computer")}</div>
             <div className="mt-0.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
-              Where this bot's computer runs{bot.computer ? "" : " (currently: auto)"}
+              {t("Where this bot's computer runs")}{bot.computer ? "" : t(" (currently: auto)")}
             </div>
             <div className="mt-3 flex overflow-hidden rounded-lg border border-hairline/40">
               {([
@@ -605,7 +614,7 @@ export function SettingsPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
                 <button
                   key={mode}
                   disabled={mode === "local" && !localSelectable}
-                  title={mode === "local" && !localSelectable ? localDisabledReason ?? undefined : undefined}
+                  title={mode === "local" && !localSelectable && localDisabledReason ? t(localDisabledReason) : undefined}
                   onClick={() => {
                     if (mode === bot.computer) return;
                     if (mode === "local" && bot.autoApprove) setLocalAutoWarning("local");
@@ -620,7 +629,7 @@ export function SettingsPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
                       : "text-ink-secondary hover:bg-control/60 hover:text-ink",
                   )}
                 >
-                  {label}
+                  {t(label)}
                 </button>
               ))}
             </div>
@@ -641,21 +650,21 @@ export function SettingsPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
 
           <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-4 rounded-xl bg-card p-4">
             <div>
-              <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">Auto mode</div>
+              <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">{t("Auto mode")}</div>
               <div className="mt-0.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
                 {bot.computer === "local"
                   ? bot.autoApprove
-                    ? "Keeps going on this computer — you'll still be asked about anything destructive, and about questions it asks you."
-                    : "Approve each action on this computer yourself. Turn on to let this bot keep working without stopping to ask."
+                    ? t("Keeps going on this computer — you'll still be asked about anything destructive, and about questions it asks you.")
+                    : t("Approve each action on this computer yourself. Turn on to let this bot keep working without stopping to ask.")
                   : bot.autoApprove
-                  ? "Keeps going on its own — you'll still be asked about anything destructive, and about questions it asks you."
-                  : "Approve each action yourself. Turn on to let this bot keep working without stopping to ask."}
+                  ? t("Keeps going on its own — you'll still be asked about anything destructive, and about questions it asks you.")
+                  : t("Approve each action yourself. Turn on to let this bot keep working without stopping to ask.")}
               </div>
             </div>
             <button
               role="switch"
               aria-checked={Boolean(bot.autoApprove)}
-              aria-label="Auto mode"
+              aria-label={t("Auto mode")}
               onClick={() => {
                 if (!bot.autoApprove && bot.computer === "local") setLocalAutoWarning("auto");
                 else patch({ autoApprove: !bot.autoApprove });
@@ -679,16 +688,16 @@ export function SettingsPanel({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
           <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-4 rounded-xl bg-card p-4">
             <div>
               <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">
-                Notifications
+                {t("Notifications")}
               </div>
               <div className="mt-0.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
-                Get notified when this agent finishes or needs input
+                {t("Get notified when this agent finishes or needs input")}
               </div>
             </div>
             <button
               role="switch"
               aria-checked={bot.notifications}
-              aria-label="Agent notifications"
+              aria-label={t("Agent notifications")}
               onClick={() => {
                 const enabled = !bot.notifications;
                 if (enabled) void requestNotificationPermission();
diff --git a/src/components/SettingsPrimitives.tsx b/src/components/SettingsPrimitives.tsx
index 989bab4cb..6eb1118d4 100644
--- a/src/components/SettingsPrimitives.tsx
+++ b/src/components/SettingsPrimitives.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { useEffect, useRef, useState } from "react";
 import { Check, Copy } from "lucide-react";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 
 export function Card({
   title,
@@ -21,6 +22,7 @@ export function Card({
 
 /** A command the user is meant to run, with one-click copy. */
 export function CommandLine({ command }: { command: string }) {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const [copied, setCopied] = useState(false);
   const resetTimer = useRef<number | null>(null);
 
@@ -49,7 +51,7 @@ export function CommandLine({ command }: { command: string }) {
       </code>
       <button
         onClick={() => void copy()}
-        aria-label="Copy command"
+        aria-label={t("Copy command")}
         className="shrink-0 rounded p-1 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
       >
         {copied ? <Check size={13} className="text-success" /> : <Copy size={13} />}
diff --git a/src/components/Sidebar.tsx b/src/components/Sidebar.tsx
index e707b63c5..c1472e207 100644
--- a/src/components/Sidebar.tsx
+++ b/src/components/Sidebar.tsx
@@ -49,6 +49,10 @@ import {
   saveSidebarDensity,
   type SidebarDensity,
 } from "@/lib/sidebar-preferences";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
+import type { TranslationValues } from "@/lib/i18n";
+
+type Translate = (source: string, values?: TranslationValues) => string;
 
 /** "Milind Soni" → "MS", "milind" → "M", "you@x.dev" → "Y", unset → "?" */
 function profileInitials(profile?: { name?: string; email?: string }): string {
@@ -70,6 +74,7 @@ function profileInitials(profile?: { name?: string; email?: string }): string {
  * click is never silent. The bottom-left popup handles the loud cases. */
 function UpdateButton() {
   const s = useUpdaterState();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const [checkedAt, setCheckedAt] = useState(0);
   const updater = window.ogb?.updater;
   const status = s?.status ?? "idle";
@@ -90,20 +95,20 @@ function UpdateButton() {
     pending || status === "checking" || status === "downloading" || status === "installing";
   const label =
     status === "available"
-      ? `Version ${s?.version ?? ""} available — download`
+      ? t("Version {version} available — download", { version: s?.version ?? "" })
       : status === "downloading"
         ? s?.percent == null
-          ? "Starting download…"
-          : `Downloading… ${Math.round(s.percent)}%`
+          ? t("Starting download…")
+          : t("Downloading… {percent}%", { percent: Math.round(s.percent) })
         : status === "downloaded"
-          ? `Version ${s?.version ?? ""} ready — restart to update`
+          ? t("Version {version} ready — restart to update", { version: s?.version ?? "" })
           : status === "installing"
-            ? "Restarting to update…"
+            ? t("Restarting to update…")
             : status === "checking"
-              ? "Checking for updates…"
+              ? t("Checking for updates…")
               : upToDate
-                ? "You're up to date"
-                : "Check for updates";
+                ? t("You're up to date")
+                : t("Check for updates");
 
   return (
     <button
@@ -140,16 +145,16 @@ function UpdateButton() {
   );
 }
 
-function preview(bot: Bot): string {
-  if (bot.activity === "waiting-on-you") return "Waiting for you…";
-  if (bot.busy) return "Working…";
+function preview(bot: Bot, t: Translate): string {
+  if (bot.activity === "waiting-on-you") return t("Waiting for you…");
+  if (bot.busy) return t("Working…");
   // the visible branch's tail — bot.messages holds every fork, so its last
   // entry can belong to a version the user switched away from
   const last = visibleMessages(bot).at(-1);
   if (!last) return "";
   if (last.kind === "options" && last.card) return last.card.title;
   if (last.kind === "activity" && last.tool) return last.tool.name;
-  if (last.kind === "screen") return "Screen frame";
+  if (last.kind === "screen") return t("Screen frame");
   return last.text ?? "";
 }
 
@@ -159,14 +164,15 @@ interface MenuState {
   y: number;
 }
 
-function groupPreview(group: Group, bots: Bot[]): string {
+function groupPreview(group: Group, bots: Bot[], t: Translate): string {
   if (group.busyBotId) {
-    return `${bots.find((b) => b.id === group.busyBotId)?.name ?? "A bot"} is working…`;
+    const name = bots.find((b) => b.id === group.busyBotId)?.name;
+    return name ? t("{name} is working…", { name }) : t("A bot is working…");
   }
   const last = group.messages.at(-1);
-  if (!last) return "No messages yet";
+  if (!last) return t("No messages yet");
   const text = last.kind === "activity" && last.tool ? last.tool.name : (last.text ?? "");
-  if (last.role === "user") return `You: ${text}`;
+  if (last.role === "user") return t("You: {text}", { text });
   return last.from ? `${last.from.name}: ${text}` : text;
 }
 
@@ -211,6 +217,7 @@ function GroupListItem({
   onMenu: (menu: { groupId: string; x: number; y: number }) => void;
 }) {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { locale, t } = useI18n();
   const selected = state.activeView === "chat" && state.selectedId === group.id;
   const members = group.memberIds
     .map((id) => state.bots.find((b) => b.id === id))
@@ -244,10 +251,10 @@ function GroupListItem({
       <div className={cn("min-w-0 flex-1", density === "icons" && "hidden")}>
         <div className="flex items-baseline justify-between gap-2">
           <span className="truncate text-[15px] font-semibold text-ink">{group.name}</span>
-          {selected && last && <span className="shrink-0 text-xs text-ink-secondary">{formatTime(last.at)}</span>}
+          {selected && last && <span className="shrink-0 text-xs text-ink-secondary">{formatTime(last.at, locale)}</span>}
         </div>
         <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-2">
-          <span className="truncate text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">{groupPreview(group, state.bots)}</span>
+          <span className="truncate text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">{groupPreview(group, state.bots, t)}</span>
           {group.unread && <span className="size-2 shrink-0 rounded-full bg-accent" />}
         </div>
       </div>
@@ -268,6 +275,7 @@ function RoomContextMenu({
   onMoveToSection: (groupId: string) => void;
 }) {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const group = state.groups.find((g) => g.id === menu.groupId);
   const [renaming, setRenaming] = useState(false);
   const [draft, setDraft] = useState(group?.name ?? "");
@@ -307,7 +315,7 @@ function RoomContextMenu({
             autoFocus
             value={draft}
             maxLength={100}
-            aria-label={`Rename ${group.name}`}
+            aria-label={t("Rename {name}", { name: group.name })}
             onFocus={(event) => event.currentTarget.select()}
             onChange={(event) => setDraft(event.target.value)}
             onKeyDown={(event) => {
@@ -325,8 +333,8 @@ function RoomContextMenu({
           <button
             type="button"
             onClick={saveRename}
-            aria-label="Save channel name"
-            title="Save"
+            aria-label={t("Save channel name")}
+            title={t("Save")}
             className="flex size-8 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-lg text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
           >
             <Check size={15} />
@@ -334,8 +342,8 @@ function RoomContextMenu({
           <button
             type="button"
             onClick={onClose}
-            aria-label="Cancel channel rename"
-            title="Cancel"
+            aria-label={t("Cancel channel rename")}
+            title={t("Cancel")}
             className="flex size-8 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-lg text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
           >
             <X size={15} />
@@ -350,7 +358,7 @@ function RoomContextMenu({
           className="flex w-full items-center gap-3 px-3.5 py-2 text-left text-[14px] text-ink hover:bg-raised/70"
         >
           <Pencil size={16} className="text-ink-secondary" />
-          Rename Channel
+          {t("Rename Channel")}
         </button>
       )}
       <button
@@ -361,7 +369,7 @@ function RoomContextMenu({
         className="flex w-full items-center gap-3 px-3.5 py-2 text-left text-[14px] text-ink hover:bg-raised/70"
       >
         <FolderPlus size={16} className="text-ink-secondary" />
-        Move to context
+        {t("Move to context")}
       </button>
       <button
         onClick={() => {
@@ -371,7 +379,7 @@ function RoomContextMenu({
         className="flex w-full items-center gap-3 px-3.5 py-2 text-left text-[14px] text-ink hover:bg-raised/70"
       >
         <ClipboardCopy size={16} className="text-ink-secondary" />
-        Copy conversation ID
+        {t("Copy conversation ID")}
       </button>
       <button
         onClick={() => {
@@ -381,7 +389,7 @@ function RoomContextMenu({
         className="flex w-full items-center gap-3 px-3.5 py-2 text-left text-[14px] text-danger hover:bg-raised/70"
       >
         <Trash2 size={16} />
-        Delete Channel
+        {t("Delete Channel")}
       </button>
     </div>,
     document.body,
@@ -391,6 +399,7 @@ function RoomContextMenu({
 /** Pick members and an optional Work/Personal/project context, then create. */
 function NewRoomPanel({ onClose }: { onClose: () => void }) {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const [name, setName] = useState("");
   const [section, setSection] = useState("");
   const [picked, setPicked] = useState<Set<string>>(new Set());
@@ -419,7 +428,7 @@ function NewRoomPanel({ onClose }: { onClose: () => void }) {
       onMouseDown={(e) => e.target === e.currentTarget && onClose()}
     >
       <div className="w-[340px] rounded-2xl border border-hairline/50 bg-card p-4 shadow-2xl">
-        <div className="mb-3 text-[15px] font-semibold text-ink">New Channel</div>
+        <div className="mb-3 text-[15px] font-semibold text-ink">{t("New Channel")}</div>
         <input
           autoFocus
           maxLength={100}
@@ -429,7 +438,7 @@ function NewRoomPanel({ onClose }: { onClose: () => void }) {
             if (e.key === "Enter") create();
             if (e.key === "Escape") onClose();
           }}
-          placeholder="Channel name (for example, Website launch)"
+          placeholder={t("Channel name (for example, Website launch)")}
           className="mb-3 w-full rounded-lg bg-raised/70 px-3 py-2 text-[14px] text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:outline-none"
         />
         <input
@@ -440,22 +449,22 @@ function NewRoomPanel({ onClose }: { onClose: () => void }) {
             if (e.key === "Enter") create();
             if (e.key === "Escape") onClose();
           }}
-          placeholder="Context (optional): Work, Personal, Client…"
-          aria-label="Channel context"
+          placeholder={t("Context (optional): Work, Personal, Client…")}
+          aria-label={t("Channel context")}
           className="mb-3 w-full rounded-lg bg-raised/70 px-3 py-2 text-[14px] text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:outline-none"
         />
         <BotPickerList
           bots={bots}
           picked={picked}
           onToggle={toggle}
-          emptyHint="Create a bot first — channels are made of bots."
+          emptyHint={t("Create a bot first — channels are made of bots.")}
         />
         <button
           onClick={create}
           disabled={!picked.size}
           className="mt-3 w-full rounded-lg bg-accent py-2 text-[14px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110 disabled:opacity-40"
         >
-          Create Channel{picked.size ? ` · ${picked.size} ${picked.size === 1 ? "bot" : "bots"}` : ""}
+          {t("Create Channel")}{picked.size ? ` · ${picked.size} ${picked.size === 1 ? t("bot") : t("bots")}` : ""}
         </button>
       </div>
     </div>
@@ -493,6 +502,7 @@ function SectionPicker({
   onAssign: (section: string) => void;
 }) {
   const { state } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const [name, setName] = useState("");
   const trimmed = name.trim();
 
@@ -535,7 +545,7 @@ function SectionPicker({
       className="fixed z-40 w-[236px] overflow-hidden rounded-xl border border-hairline/50 bg-card py-2 shadow-2xl shadow-black/60"
     >
       <div className="px-3.5 pb-1 text-[10px] font-medium uppercase tracking-[0.08em] text-ink-secondary">
-        Move to context
+        {t("Move to context")}
       </div>
       {sections.length > 0 && (
         <div className="flex flex-col gap-0.5 px-1.5 py-1">
@@ -567,8 +577,8 @@ function SectionPicker({
           maxLength={60}
           value={name}
           onChange={(e) => setName(e.target.value)}
-          placeholder="New context…"
-          aria-label="New context name"
+          placeholder={t("New context…")}
+          aria-label={t("New context name")}
           className="w-full rounded-lg bg-raised/70 px-2.5 py-1.5 text-[13px] text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:outline-none"
         />
         <button
@@ -579,7 +589,7 @@ function SectionPicker({
             trimmed ? "bg-accent text-panel" : "bg-raised/70 text-ink-secondary",
           )}
         >
-          Add
+          {t("Add")}
         </button>
       </form>
       {current && (
@@ -590,7 +600,7 @@ function SectionPicker({
             className="flex w-full items-center gap-3 px-3.5 py-2 text-left text-[13px] text-danger hover:bg-raised/70"
           >
             <FolderMinus size={15} />
-            Remove from context
+            {t("Remove from context")}
           </button>
         </>
       )}
@@ -610,6 +620,7 @@ function BotContextMenu({
   onMoveToSection: (botId: string) => void;
 }) {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const bot = state.bots.find((b) => b.id === menu.botId);
 
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -633,9 +644,9 @@ function BotContextMenu({
   const visibleBotCount = state.bots.filter((candidate) => !candidate.hidden).length;
   const archiveBlocked = Boolean(bot.chiefOfStaff) || visibleBotCount <= 1;
   const archiveHint = bot.chiefOfStaff
-    ? "Choose another Chief of Staff first"
+    ? t("Choose another Chief of Staff first")
     : visibleBotCount <= 1
-      ? "Keep at least one active bot"
+      ? t("Keep at least one active bot")
       : undefined;
   // keep the menu on-screen near the click
   const top = Math.max(8, Math.min(menu.y, window.innerHeight - 380));
@@ -676,48 +687,48 @@ function BotContextMenu({
       {[
         item(
           bot.pinned ? <PinOff size={16} className="text-ink-secondary" /> : <Pin size={16} className="text-ink-secondary" />,
-          bot.pinned ? "Unpin" : "Pin",
+          bot.pinned ? t("Unpin") : t("Pin"),
           () => dispatch({ type: "updateBot", botId: bot.id, patch: { pinned: !bot.pinned } }),
         ),
         item(
           <Crown size={16} className={bot.chiefOfStaff ? "text-accent" : "text-ink-secondary"} />,
-          bot.chiefOfStaff ? "Remove Chief of Staff" : "Make Chief of Staff",
+          bot.chiefOfStaff ? t("Remove Chief of Staff") : t("Make Chief of Staff"),
           () => dispatch({ type: "updateBot", botId: bot.id, patch: { chiefOfStaff: !bot.chiefOfStaff } }),
           {
             disabled: !bot.chiefOfStaff && !canCoordinate,
-            hint: !bot.chiefOfStaff && !canCoordinate ? "Choose a Claude or ACP engine first" : undefined,
+            hint: !bot.chiefOfStaff && !canCoordinate ? t("Choose a Claude or ACP engine first") : undefined,
           },
         ),
-        item(<FolderPlus size={16} className="text-ink-secondary" />, "Move to section", () => {
+        item(<FolderPlus size={16} className="text-ink-secondary" />, t("Move to section"), () => {
           onClose();
           onMoveToSection(bot.id);
         }),
-        item(<BellDot size={16} className="text-ink-secondary" />, "Mark as Unread", () =>
+        item(<BellDot size={16} className="text-ink-secondary" />, t("Mark as Unread"), () =>
           dispatch({ type: "markUnread", botId: bot.id }),
         ),
         divider("d1"),
-        item(<Pencil size={16} className="text-ink-secondary" />, "Edit Profile", () => {
+        item(<Pencil size={16} className="text-ink-secondary" />, t("Edit Profile"), () => {
           dispatch({ type: "select", id: bot.id });
           dispatch({ type: "toggleSettings", open: true });
         }),
-        item(<Copy size={16} className="text-ink-secondary" />, "Duplicate", () =>
+        item(<Copy size={16} className="text-ink-secondary" />, t("Duplicate"), () =>
           dispatch({ type: "duplicateBot", botId: bot.id }),
         ),
         divider("d2"),
-        item(<ClipboardCopy size={16} className="text-ink-secondary" />, "Copy conversation ID", () => {
+        item(<ClipboardCopy size={16} className="text-ink-secondary" />, t("Copy conversation ID"), () => {
           void navigator.clipboard?.writeText(bot.threadId);
         }),
         divider("d3"),
         item(
           <Archive size={16} className="text-ink-secondary" />,
-          "Archive",
+          t("Archive"),
           () => onArchive(bot),
           {
             disabled: archiveBlocked,
             hint: archiveHint,
           },
         ),
-        item(<Trash2 size={16} />, "Delete", () => dispatch({ type: "deleteBot", botId: bot.id }), {
+        item(<Trash2 size={16} />, t("Delete"), () => dispatch({ type: "deleteBot", botId: bot.id }), {
           danger: true,
         }),
       ]}
@@ -739,6 +750,7 @@ function BotListItem({
   archiveDisabled: boolean;
 }) {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { locale, t } = useI18n();
   const [renaming, setRenaming] = useState(false);
   const selected = state.activeView === "chat" && state.selectedId === bot.id;
   const mascotMotion = selected && state.mascotMotion?.botId === bot.id ? state.mascotMotion : null;
@@ -789,7 +801,7 @@ function BotListItem({
           </span>
           {selected && last && !renaming && (
             <span className="shrink-0 text-xs text-ink-secondary transition-opacity group-hover:opacity-0 group-focus-within:opacity-0">
-              {formatTime(last.at)}
+              {formatTime(last.at, locale)}
             </span>
           )}
         </div>
@@ -797,11 +809,11 @@ function BotListItem({
           <span className="flex min-w-0 items-center gap-1.5 truncate text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
             {bot.chiefOfStaff && (
               <span className="flex shrink-0 items-center gap-1 text-[11.5px] font-medium text-accent">
-                <Crown size={11} /> Chief of Staff
+              <Crown size={11} /> {t("Chief of Staff")}
               </span>
             )}
-            {bot.chiefOfStaff && preview(bot) && <span className="shrink-0 text-ink-secondary/60">·</span>}
-            <span className="truncate">{preview(bot)}</span>
+            {bot.chiefOfStaff && preview(bot, t) && <span className="shrink-0 text-ink-secondary/60">·</span>}
+            <span className="truncate">{preview(bot, t)}</span>
           </span>
           {bot.unread && (
             <span className="size-2 shrink-0 rounded-full bg-accent" />
@@ -850,13 +862,13 @@ function BotListItem({
         type="button"
         disabled={archiveDisabled}
         onClick={() => onArchive(bot)}
-        aria-label={`Archive ${bot.name}`}
+        aria-label={t("Archive {name}", { name: bot.name })}
         title={
           bot.chiefOfStaff
-            ? "Choose another Chief of Staff first"
+            ? t("Choose another Chief of Staff first")
             : archiveDisabled
-              ? "Keep at least one active bot"
-              : `Archive ${bot.name}`
+              ? t("Keep at least one active bot")
+              : t("Archive {name}", { name: bot.name })
         }
         className="absolute right-1 top-1/2 flex size-10 -translate-y-1/2 items-center justify-center rounded-lg bg-card/90 text-ink-secondary opacity-0 shadow-sm transition hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink focus:opacity-100 disabled:cursor-default disabled:opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-100 group-focus-within:opacity-100 max-md:opacity-100"
       >
@@ -876,6 +888,7 @@ function ArchivedBotsPanel({
   onRestored: (message: string) => void;
 }) {
   const { dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const dialogRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   const [busyId, setBusyId] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [restoringAll, setRestoringAll] = useState(false);
@@ -900,7 +913,7 @@ function ArchivedBotsPanel({
       });
       dispatch({ type: "botPatched", bot: response.bot });
       dispatch({ type: "select", id: bot.id });
-      onRestored(`${bot.name} restored`);
+      onRestored(t("{name} restored", { name: bot.name }));
       if (bots.length === 1) onClose();
     } catch (cause) {
       setError(cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : String(cause));
@@ -924,7 +937,7 @@ function ArchivedBotsPanel({
       for (const response of responses) dispatch({ type: "botPatched", bot: response.bot });
       const first = bots[0];
       if (first) dispatch({ type: "select", id: first.id });
-      onRestored(`${bots.length} ${bots.length === 1 ? "bot" : "bots"} restored`);
+      onRestored(t("{count} bots restored", { count: bots.length }));
       onClose();
     } catch (cause) {
       setError(cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : String(cause));
@@ -948,8 +961,8 @@ function ArchivedBotsPanel({
       >
         <header className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4 px-6 pb-4 pt-6 sm:px-8 sm:pt-7">
           <div>
-            <h2 id="archived-bots-title" className="text-[22px] font-semibold tracking-[-0.01em] text-ink">Archived bots</h2>
-            <p className="mt-1 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">Conversations are kept until you choose to delete a bot.</p>
+            <h2 id="archived-bots-title" className="text-[22px] font-semibold tracking-[-0.01em] text-ink">{t("Archived bots")}</h2>
+            <p className="mt-1 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Conversations are kept until you choose to delete a bot.")}</p>
           </div>
           <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
             {bots.length > 1 && (
@@ -959,28 +972,28 @@ function ArchivedBotsPanel({
                 className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-full bg-raised px-3.5 py-2 text-[12.5px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-40"
               >
                 {restoringAll && <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" />}
-                Restore all
+                {t("Restore all")}
               </button>
             )}
             <button
               onClick={onClose}
               disabled={restoringAll || Boolean(busyId)}
               className="flex size-10 items-center justify-center rounded-lg text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink disabled:opacity-40"
-              aria-label="Close archived bots"
+              aria-label={t("Close archived bots")}
             >
               <X size={21} />
             </button>
           </div>
         </header>
         <div className="min-h-0 flex-1 overflow-y-auto px-6 pb-7 pt-3 sm:px-8">
-          <div className="mb-3 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">{bots.length} archived</div>
+          <div className="mb-3 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">{t("{count} archived", { count: bots.length })}</div>
           <div className="grid grid-cols-1 gap-x-8 md:grid-cols-2">
             {bots.map((bot) => (
               <div key={bot.id} className="flex min-h-[82px] items-center gap-3 border-b border-hairline/35 px-1 py-3">
                 <BotAvatar bot={bot} state="happy" size={42} />
                 <div className="min-w-0 flex-1">
                   <div className="truncate text-[14px] font-medium text-ink">{bot.name}</div>
-                  <div className="mt-0.5 truncate text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary">{bot.title || "Bot"}</div>
+                  <div className="mt-0.5 truncate text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary">{bot.title || t("Bot")}</div>
                 </div>
                 <button
                   onClick={() => void restore(bot)}
@@ -988,7 +1001,7 @@ function ArchivedBotsPanel({
                   className="flex min-w-[78px] items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-full bg-raised px-3.5 py-2 text-[12.5px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-40"
                 >
                   {busyId === bot.id && <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" />}
-                  Restore
+                  {t("Restore")}
                 </button>
               </div>
             ))}
@@ -1003,6 +1016,7 @@ function ArchivedBotsPanel({
 
 export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void }) {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const { capabilities } = useDesktopCapabilities();
   const importReturnRef = useRef<HTMLButtonElement>(null);
   const [menu, setMenu] = useState<MenuState | null>(null);
@@ -1080,7 +1094,7 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
     try {
       const exported = await downloadAllBots();
       track("team_exported", { members: exported.members, scope: "all_visible" });
-      setTeamFeedback({ error: false, text: `${exported.members} bots exported` });
+      setTeamFeedback({ error: false, text: t("{count} bots exported", { count: exported.members }) });
     } catch (cause) {
       setTeamFeedback({
         error: true,
@@ -1127,7 +1141,7 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
       for (const response of restoredChiefs) dispatch({ type: "botPatched", bot: response.bot });
       const first = result.archived[0];
       if (first) dispatch({ type: "select", id: first.id });
-      setTeamFeedback({ error: false, text: "Previous team restored" });
+      setTeamFeedback({ error: false, text: t("Previous team restored") });
     } catch (cause) {
       setTeamFeedback({ error: true, text: cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : String(cause) });
     }
@@ -1149,7 +1163,7 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
       }
       setTeamFeedback({
         error: false,
-        text: `${bot.name} archived`,
+        text: t("{name} archived", { name: bot.name }),
         restoreBot: { id: bot.id, name: bot.name },
       });
     } catch (cause) {
@@ -1166,7 +1180,7 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
       });
       dispatch({ type: "botPatched", bot: response.bot });
       dispatch({ type: "select", id: bot.id });
-      setTeamFeedback({ error: false, text: `${bot.name} restored` });
+      setTeamFeedback({ error: false, text: t("{name} restored", { name: bot.name }) });
     } catch (cause) {
       setTeamFeedback({ error: true, text: cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : String(cause) });
     }
@@ -1198,7 +1212,7 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
         !q ||
         b.name.toLowerCase().includes(q) ||
         (b.title ?? "").toLowerCase().includes(q) ||
-        preview(b).toLowerCase().includes(q),
+        preview(b, t).toLowerCase().includes(q),
     );
   const unsectionedChief = matchingBots.find((bot) => bot.chiefOfStaff && !bot.section);
   const sectionChiefs = matchingBots.filter((bot) => bot.chiefOfStaff && bot.section);
@@ -1230,7 +1244,7 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
 
   return (
     <aside
-      aria-label="Bots and navigation"
+      aria-label={t("Bots and navigation")}
       className={cn(
         "flex h-full shrink-0 flex-col border-r border-hairline/40 bg-panel transition-[width] duration-200",
         density === "icons" ? "w-[80px]" : density === "compact" ? "w-[272px]" : "w-[320px]",
@@ -1267,9 +1281,9 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
           <button
             type="button"
             onClick={toggleCollapsed}
-            aria-label={density === "icons" ? "Expand sidebar" : "Collapse sidebar to avatars"}
+            aria-label={density === "icons" ? t("Expand sidebar") : t("Collapse sidebar to avatars")}
             className="flex size-10 items-center justify-center rounded-md text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
-            title={density === "icons" ? "Expand sidebar" : "Collapse to avatars"}
+            title={density === "icons" ? t("Expand sidebar") : t("Collapse to avatars")}
           >
             {density === "icons" ? <PanelLeftOpen size={20} /> : <PanelLeftClose size={20} />}
           </button>
@@ -1277,10 +1291,10 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
             <button
               type="button"
               onClick={() => setDensityOpen((value) => !value)}
-              aria-label="Choose sidebar density"
+              aria-label={t("Choose sidebar density")}
               aria-expanded={densityOpen}
               className="flex size-10 items-center justify-center rounded-md text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
-              title="Sidebar density"
+              title={t("Sidebar density")}
             >
               <span aria-hidden="true" className="flex size-5 flex-col items-center justify-center gap-[3px]">
                 <span className="h-px w-3.5 rounded-full bg-current" />
@@ -1305,7 +1319,7 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
                         density === option ? "text-accent" : "text-ink",
                       )}
                     >
-                      {option === "icons" ? "Avatars only" : option}
+                      {option === "icons" ? t("Avatars only") : t(option === "comfortable" ? "Comfortable" : "Compact")}
                       {density === option && <Check size={14} />}
                     </button>
                   ))}
@@ -1316,9 +1330,9 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
           <button
             ref={importReturnRef}
             onClick={() => setPlusOpen((o) => !o)}
-            aria-label="New or share"
+            aria-label={t("New or share")}
             className="flex size-10 items-center justify-center rounded-md text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
-            title="New or share"
+            title={t("New or share")}
           >
             <Plus size={20} strokeWidth={2} />
           </button>
@@ -1338,7 +1352,7 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
                   className="flex w-full items-center gap-3 px-3.5 py-2 text-left text-[14px] text-ink hover:bg-raised/70"
                 >
                   <BotIcon size={16} className="text-ink-secondary" />
-                  New Bot
+                  {t("New Bot")}
                 </button>
                 <button
                   onClick={() => {
@@ -1348,7 +1362,7 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
                   className="flex w-full items-center gap-3 px-3.5 py-2 text-left text-[14px] text-ink hover:bg-raised/70"
                 >
                   <Users size={16} className="text-ink-secondary" />
-                  New Channel
+                  {t("New Channel")}
                 </button>
                 <button
                   onClick={() => {
@@ -1359,7 +1373,7 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
                   className="flex w-full items-center gap-3 px-3.5 py-2 text-left text-[14px] text-ink hover:bg-raised/70"
                 >
                   {exportingTeam ? <Loader2 size={16} className="animate-spin text-ink-secondary" /> : <ArrowDownToLine size={16} className="text-ink-secondary" />}
-                  {exportingTeam ? "Exporting…" : "Export all bots"}
+                  {exportingTeam ? t("Exporting…") : t("Export all bots")}
                 </button>
                 <button
                   onClick={() => {
@@ -1369,7 +1383,7 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
                   className="flex w-full items-center gap-3 px-3.5 py-2 text-left text-[14px] text-ink hover:bg-raised/70"
                 >
                   <Library size={16} className="text-ink-secondary" />
-                  Teams
+                  {t("Teams")}
                 </button>
                 {archivedBots.length > 0 && (
                   <button
@@ -1380,7 +1394,7 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
                     className="flex w-full items-center gap-3 px-3.5 py-2 text-left text-[14px] text-ink hover:bg-raised/70"
                   >
                     <Archive size={16} className="text-ink-secondary" />
-                    <span className="flex-1">Archived bots</span>
+                    <span className="flex-1">{t("Archived bots")}</span>
                     <span className="text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">{archivedBots.length}</span>
                   </button>
                 )}
@@ -1398,8 +1412,8 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
             value={query}
             onChange={(e) => setQuery(e.target.value)}
             onKeyDown={(e) => e.key === "Escape" && setQuery("")}
-            placeholder="Search"
-            aria-label="Search bots and messages"
+            placeholder={t("Search")}
+            aria-label={t("Search bots and messages")}
             className="w-full bg-transparent text-[14px] text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:outline-none"
           />
         </div>
@@ -1409,7 +1423,7 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
       <div className="flex-1 overflow-y-auto px-2">
         <div className="flex flex-col gap-0.5">
           {!unsectionedChief && sectionChiefs.length === 0 && visibleBots.length === 0 && sectionedBots.length === 0 && visibleGroups.length === 0 && q && q.length < MIN_QUERY && (
-            <div className="px-3 py-6 text-center text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">Nothing matches “{query}”</div>
+            <div className="px-3 py-6 text-center text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Nothing matches “{query}”", { query })}</div>
           )}
           {unsectionedChief && (
             <div className="mb-1.5">
@@ -1422,11 +1436,11 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
               />
             </div>
           )}
-          {unsectionedGroups.length > 0 && density !== "icons" && <SectionDivider name="Channels" />}
+          {unsectionedGroups.length > 0 && density !== "icons" && <SectionDivider name={t("Channels")} />}
           {unsectionedGroups.map((g) => (
             <GroupListItem key={g.id} group={g} density={density} onMenu={setRoomMenu} />
           ))}
-          {visibleBots.length > 0 && density !== "icons" && <SectionDivider name="Bots" />}
+          {visibleBots.length > 0 && density !== "icons" && <SectionDivider name={t("Bots")} />}
           {visibleBots.map((b) => (
             <BotListItem
               key={b.id}
@@ -1480,8 +1494,8 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
         {skillRecorderEnabled(state.config) && (
           <button
             onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "showSkillRecorder" })}
-            aria-label={density === "icons" ? "Teach a skill" : undefined}
-            title={density === "icons" ? "Teach a skill" : undefined}
+            aria-label={density === "icons" ? t("Teach a skill") : undefined}
+            title={density === "icons" ? t("Teach a skill") : undefined}
             className={cn(
               "flex min-h-10 w-full items-center rounded-xl py-2 text-left transition-colors",
               density === "icons" ? "justify-center px-2" : "gap-3 px-3",
@@ -1489,13 +1503,13 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
             )}
           >
             <Sparkles size={20} className={state.activeView === "skill-recorder" ? "text-accent" : "text-ink-secondary"} />
-            <span className={cn("flex-1 text-[14px]", density === "icons" && "hidden")}>Teach a skill</span>
+            <span className={cn("flex-1 text-[14px]", density === "icons" && "hidden")}>{t("Teach a skill")}</span>
           </button>
         )}
         <button
           onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "showRoutines" })}
-          aria-label={density === "icons" ? "Tasks and routines" : undefined}
-          title={density === "icons" ? "Tasks and routines" : undefined}
+          aria-label={density === "icons" ? t("Tasks and routines") : undefined}
+          title={density === "icons" ? t("Tasks and routines") : undefined}
           className={cn(
             "flex min-h-10 w-full items-center rounded-xl py-2 text-left transition-colors",
             density === "icons" ? "justify-center px-2" : "gap-3 px-3",
@@ -1503,7 +1517,7 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
           )}
         >
           <CalendarDays size={20} className={state.activeView === "routines" ? "text-accent" : "text-ink-secondary"} />
-          <span className={cn("flex-1 text-[14px]", density === "icons" && "hidden")}>Tasks &amp; routines</span>
+          <span className={cn("flex-1 text-[14px]", density === "icons" && "hidden")}>{t("Tasks & routines")}</span>
           {state.routineRuns.some((run) => ["failed", "missed"].includes(run.status) && !run.seenAt) && (
             <span className="size-2 rounded-full bg-danger" />
           )}
@@ -1511,29 +1525,29 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
         <button
           onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "togglePlugins", open: true })}
           className={cn("flex min-h-10 w-full items-center rounded-xl py-2 text-left hover:bg-raised/50", density === "icons" ? "justify-center px-2" : "gap-3 px-3")}
-          aria-label={density === "icons" ? "Connected apps" : undefined}
-          title={density === "icons" ? "Connected apps" : undefined}
+          aria-label={density === "icons" ? t("Connected apps") : undefined}
+          title={density === "icons" ? t("Connected apps") : undefined}
         >
           <Puzzle size={20} className="text-ink-secondary" />
-          <span className={cn("text-[14px] text-ink", density === "icons" && "hidden")}>Connected apps</span>
+          <span className={cn("text-[14px] text-ink", density === "icons" && "hidden")}>{t("Connected apps")}</span>
         </button>
         <div className={cn("flex items-center", density === "icons" && "justify-center")}>
           <button
             onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "toggleAppSettings" })}
             className={cn("flex min-w-0 items-center rounded-xl py-2 text-left hover:bg-raised/50", density === "icons" ? "justify-center px-2" : "flex-1 gap-3 px-3")}
-            aria-label={density === "icons" ? "App settings" : undefined}
-            title={density === "icons" ? (state.config?.profile?.name?.trim() || "App settings") : undefined}
+            aria-label={density === "icons" ? t("App settings") : undefined}
+            title={density === "icons" ? (state.config?.profile?.name?.trim() || t("App settings")) : undefined}
           >
             <InitialsAvatar initials={profileInitials(state.config?.profile)} size={28} />
             <span className={cn("truncate text-[14px] text-ink", density === "icons" && "hidden")}>
-              {state.config?.profile?.name?.trim() || state.config?.profile?.email?.trim() || "You"}
+              {state.config?.profile?.name?.trim() || state.config?.profile?.email?.trim() || t("You")}
             </span>
           </button>
           {density !== "icons" && <UpdateButton />}
           {density !== "icons" && <button
             onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "toggleAppSettings" })}
             className="flex size-10 items-center justify-center rounded-md text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
-            title="App settings"
+            title={t("App settings")}
           >
             <Settings size={18} />
           </button>}
@@ -1592,12 +1606,12 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
               result.archived.length > 0
                 ? {
                     error: false,
-                    text: `${result.name} loaded · ${result.members} ${result.members === 1 ? "bot" : "bots"}`,
+                    text: t("{name} loaded · {count} bots", { name: result.name, count: result.members }),
                     undo: result,
                   }
                 : {
                     error: false,
-                    text: `${result.name} loaded · ${result.members} ${result.members === 1 ? "bot" : "bots"}`,
+                    text: t("{name} loaded · {count} bots", { name: result.name, count: result.members }),
                   },
             );
           }}
@@ -1621,7 +1635,7 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
                   onClick={() => void undoTeamLoad(pendingTeamUndo)}
                   className="rounded-md px-1.5 py-0.5 font-medium text-accent hover:bg-raised"
                 >
-                  Undo
+                  {t("Undo")}
                 </button>
               )}
               {pendingBotUndo && (
@@ -1629,7 +1643,7 @@ export function Sidebar({ open, onClose }: { open: boolean; onClose: () => void
                   onClick={() => void undoBotArchive(pendingBotUndo)}
                   className="rounded-md px-1.5 py-0.5 font-medium text-accent hover:bg-raised"
                 >
-                  Undo
+                  {t("Undo")}
                 </button>
               )}
             </div>
diff --git a/src/components/SkinPicker.tsx b/src/components/SkinPicker.tsx
index f049adb17..77eabc413 100644
--- a/src/components/SkinPicker.tsx
+++ b/src/components/SkinPicker.tsx
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import { useState } from "react";
 import { Check } from "lucide-react";
 import { SKINS, applySkin, readSkin, type SkinId } from "@/lib/skins";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 
 /**
  * The app's own layout at roughly 1/14 scale: rail, sidebar with a selected
@@ -64,6 +65,7 @@ function Miniature({ skin }: { skin: SkinId }) {
 }
 
 export function SkinPicker() {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   // The document is the source of truth, not storage: main.tsx has already
   // stamped it, and reading it back keeps the checkmark honest even if the
   // skin was set some other way.
@@ -100,7 +102,7 @@ export function SkinPicker() {
               <div className="min-w-0 flex-1">
                 <div className="text-[13px] font-medium text-ink">{skin.name}</div>
                 <div className="mt-0.5 text-[11px] leading-snug text-ink-secondary">
-                  {skin.tagline}
+                  {t(skin.tagline)}
                 </div>
               </div>
               {selected && <Check size={13} className="mt-0.5 shrink-0 text-accent-text" />}
diff --git a/src/components/TaskPicker.tsx b/src/components/TaskPicker.tsx
index 62afc6530..a37808a24 100644
--- a/src/components/TaskPicker.tsx
+++ b/src/components/TaskPicker.tsx
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import { useStore, formatTime, type Bot, type Task } from "@/state/store";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
 import { COMPACT_BUBBLE } from "@/lib/compact-chip";
 import { formatTokens } from "@/lib/format-tokens";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 
 /** Quiet per-task token tally — input+output combined, because one honest
  * total reads faster than a split; the split lives in the hover title. */
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ function TaskUsage({ usage }: { usage: Task["usage"] }) {
 
 export function TaskPicker({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
   const { dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { locale, t } = useI18n();
   const [open, setOpen] = useState(false);
   const [renaming, setRenaming] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [draft, setDraft] = useState("");
@@ -57,14 +59,14 @@ export function TaskPicker({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
       <button
         onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "newTask", botId: bot.id })}
         disabled={bot.busy}
-        title={bot.busy ? "Let this turn finish first" : "New task — a fresh context on this bot"}
+        title={bot.busy ? t("Let this turn finish first") : t("New task — a fresh context on this bot")}
         className={cn(
           "flex items-center gap-1 rounded-full border border-hairline/40 px-2.5 py-1 text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink disabled:opacity-40",
           COMPACT_BUBBLE,
         )}
       >
         <Plus size={12} className="@max-4xl/chathead:size-[14px]" />
-        <span className="@max-4xl/chathead:hidden">Task</span>
+        <span className="@max-4xl/chathead:hidden">{t("Task")}</span>
       </button>
     );
   }
@@ -81,8 +83,12 @@ export function TaskPicker({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
   const currentLabel = u ? formatTokens(u.input + u.output) : null;
   const switchTitle =
     u && currentLabel
-      ? `Switch task · ${currentLabel} (${u.input.toLocaleString()} in · ${u.output.toLocaleString()} out)`
-      : "Switch task";
+      ? t("Switch task · {tokens} ({input} in · {output} out)", {
+          tokens: currentLabel,
+          input: u.input.toLocaleString(),
+          output: u.output.toLocaleString(),
+        })
+      : t("Switch task");
 
   return (
     <div className="relative" ref={ref}>
@@ -94,7 +100,7 @@ export function TaskPicker({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
           COMPACT_BUBBLE,
         )}
       >
-        <span className="truncate @max-4xl/chathead:hidden">{current?.title ?? "Task"}</span>
+        <span className="truncate @max-4xl/chathead:hidden">{current?.title ?? t("Task")}</span>
         {/* folded: just the count in the bubble — the title rides the tooltip */}
         <span className="shrink-0 tabular-nums opacity-60 @max-4xl/chathead:opacity-100">{tasks.length}</span>
         <ChevronDown size={12} className="shrink-0 @max-4xl/chathead:hidden" />
@@ -134,11 +140,11 @@ export function TaskPicker({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
                         setRenaming(task.threadId);
                       }}
                       className="min-w-0 flex-1 text-left"
-                      title="Click to switch · double-click to rename"
+                      title={t("Click to switch · double-click to rename")}
                     >
                       <div className="truncate text-[13px] text-ink">{task.title}</div>
                       <div className="text-[11px] text-ink-secondary">
-                        {formatTime(task.createdAt)}
+                        {formatTime(task.createdAt, locale)}
                         <TaskUsage usage={task.usage} />
                       </div>
                     </button>
@@ -146,8 +152,8 @@ export function TaskPicker({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
                   <button
                     onClick={() => dispatch({ type: "deleteTask", botId: bot.id, threadId: task.threadId })}
                     disabled={bot.busy && active}
-                    aria-label="Delete task"
-                    title="Delete this task and its conversation"
+                    aria-label={t("Delete task")}
+                    title={t("Delete this task and its conversation")}
                     className="rounded p-1 text-ink-secondary opacity-0 hover:bg-raised hover:text-danger group-hover:opacity-100 disabled:opacity-20"
                   >
                     <Trash2 size={13} />
@@ -164,7 +170,7 @@ export function TaskPicker({ bot }: { bot: Bot }) {
             disabled={bot.busy}
             className="mt-1 flex w-full items-center gap-2 border-t border-hairline/40 px-3 py-2 text-left text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised/50 disabled:opacity-40"
           >
-            <Plus size={13} className="text-ink-secondary" /> New task
+            <Plus size={13} className="text-ink-secondary" /> {t("New task")}
           </button>
         </div>
       )}
diff --git a/src/components/TeamLibraryPanel.tsx b/src/components/TeamLibraryPanel.tsx
index 24dec5171..4e6a805d6 100644
--- a/src/components/TeamLibraryPanel.tsx
+++ b/src/components/TeamLibraryPanel.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { track } from "@/lib/analytics";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 import { teamImportPreview, type PendingTeamImport } from "@/lib/team-import";
 import { api, useStore, type Bot, type Group } from "@/state/store";
 import {
@@ -114,6 +115,7 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
   returnFocusRef: React.RefObject<HTMLButtonElement | null>;
 }) {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const dialogRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
   const fileInputRef = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);
   const [tab, setTab] = useState<TeamTab>("explore");
@@ -209,12 +211,12 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
   };
 
   const readFile = async (file: File) => {
-    if (file.size > MAX_TEAM_FILE_BYTES) throw new Error("That team file is too large.");
+    if (file.size > MAX_TEAM_FILE_BYTES) throw new Error(t("That team file is too large."));
     let manifest: unknown;
     try {
       manifest = JSON.parse(await file.text());
     } catch (cause) {
-      if (cause instanceof SyntaxError) throw new Error("That team file is not valid JSON.");
+      if (cause instanceof SyntaxError) throw new Error(t("That team file is not valid JSON."));
       throw cause;
     }
     previewManifest(teamImportPreview(manifest), "file");
@@ -401,17 +403,19 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
                   }}
                   disabled={importing}
                   className="rounded-lg p-1.5 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink disabled:opacity-50"
-                  aria-label="Back to teams"
+                  aria-label={t("Back to teams")}
                 >
                   <ArrowLeft size={18} />
                 </button>
               )}
               <h2 id="team-library-title" className="truncate text-[22px] font-semibold tracking-[-0.01em] text-ink">
-                {pending ? pending.name : "Teams"}
+                {pending ? pending.name : t("Teams")}
               </h2>
             </div>
             <p className={cn("mt-1 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary", pending && "ml-9")}>
-              {pending ? `${pending.members.length} ready-to-load bots` : "Start with a complete team or bring your own."}
+              {pending
+                ? t("{count} ready-to-load bots", { count: pending.members.length })
+                : t("Start with a complete team or bring your own.")}
             </p>
           </div>
           <div className="flex shrink-0 items-center gap-1">
@@ -419,10 +423,10 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
               <button
                 onClick={() => void openExternal(catalog?.repositoryUrl ?? COMMUNITY_TEAMS_REPOSITORY)}
                 className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg px-2.5 py-2 text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
-                title="Open the community teams repository"
+                title={t("Open the community teams repository")}
               >
                 <Github size={16} />
-                <span className="max-sm:hidden">Community repo</span>
+                <span className="max-sm:hidden">{t("Community repo")}</span>
                 <ExternalLink size={12} />
               </button>
             )}
@@ -430,7 +434,7 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
               onClick={onClose}
               disabled={importing}
               className="rounded-lg p-2 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink disabled:opacity-50"
-              aria-label="Close teams"
+              aria-label={t("Close teams")}
             >
               <X size={21} />
             </button>
@@ -443,7 +447,7 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
               {pending.description && (
                 <p className="max-w-2xl text-[13.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">{pending.description}</p>
               )}
-              <div className="mt-6 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">Team members</div>
+              <div className="mt-6 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">{t("Team members")}</div>
               <div className="mt-2 grid grid-cols-1 gap-x-10 md:grid-cols-2">
                 {pending.members.map((member, index) => (
                   <div key={`${member.name}-${index}`} className="flex min-h-[72px] items-center gap-3 border-b border-hairline/35 px-1 py-3">
@@ -452,7 +456,7 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
                     </div>
                     <div className="min-w-0">
                       <div className="truncate text-[14px] font-medium text-ink">{member.name}</div>
-                      <div className="mt-0.5 truncate text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary">{member.title || "General assistant"}</div>
+                      <div className="mt-0.5 truncate text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary">{member.title || t("General assistant")}</div>
                     </div>
                   </div>
                 ))}
@@ -460,8 +464,8 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
               <div className="mt-6 flex items-start gap-2.5 rounded-xl bg-raised/45 px-4 py-3 text-[12.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
                 <Check size={15} className="mt-0.5 shrink-0 text-success" />
                 <p>
-                  Only roles and appearance are loaded. Your conversations, account connections, permissions, and computer access stay private.
-                  {source === "library" && " Playbooks remain available in the community repo for review."}
+                  {t("Only roles and appearance are loaded. Your conversations, account connections, permissions, and computer access stay private.")}
+                  {source === "library" && ` ${t("Playbooks remain available in the community repo for review.")}`}
                 </p>
               </div>
               {error && <div role="alert" className="mt-4 rounded-lg bg-danger/10 px-3 py-2 text-[12.5px] text-danger">{error}</div>}
@@ -472,17 +476,17 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
                 {currentBotCount > 0 ? (
                   importMode === "replace" ? (
                     <>
-                      Replaces your {currentBotCount} current {currentBotCount === 1 ? "bot" : "bots"}. They&apos;ll be archived with conversations intact.{" "}
-                      <button onClick={() => setImportMode("add")} className="font-medium text-ink hover:underline">Add alongside instead</button>
+                      {t("Replaces your {count} current bots. They'll be archived with conversations intact.", { count: currentBotCount })}{" "}
+                      <button onClick={() => setImportMode("add")} className="font-medium text-ink hover:underline">{t("Add alongside instead")}</button>
                     </>
                   ) : (
                     <>
-                      This team will be added alongside your current bots.{" "}
-                      <button onClick={() => setImportMode("replace")} className="font-medium text-ink hover:underline">Replace current team instead</button>
+                      {t("This team will be added alongside your current bots.")}{" "}
+                      <button onClick={() => setImportMode("replace")} className="font-medium text-ink hover:underline">{t("Replace current team instead")}</button>
                     </>
                   )
                 ) : (
-                  "No channel is created—you can make one later if you want."
+                  t("No channel is created—you can make one later if you want.")
                 )}
               </div>
               <button
@@ -492,19 +496,19 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
               >
                 {importing && <Loader2 size={15} className="animate-spin" />}
                 {importing
-                  ? "Loading…"
+                  ? t("Loading…")
                   : currentBotCount === 0
-                    ? "Load team"
+                    ? t("Load team")
                     : importMode === "replace"
-                      ? "Replace team"
-                      : "Add team"}
+                      ? t("Replace team")
+                      : t("Add team")}
               </button>
             </footer>
           </>
         ) : (
           <>
             <div className="flex flex-col gap-3 px-6 pb-4 pt-5 sm:flex-row sm:items-center sm:justify-between sm:px-8">
-              <div className="flex w-fit rounded-xl bg-raised/70 p-1" role="tablist" aria-label="Team source">
+              <div className="flex w-fit rounded-xl bg-raised/70 p-1" role="tablist" aria-label={t("Team source")}>
                 <button
                   role="tab"
                   aria-selected={tab === "explore"}
@@ -517,7 +521,7 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
                     tab === "explore" ? "bg-card text-ink shadow-sm" : "text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink",
                   )}
                 >
-                  Explore
+                  {t("Explore")}
                 </button>
                 <button
                   role="tab"
@@ -531,7 +535,7 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
                     tab === "import" ? "bg-card text-ink shadow-sm" : "text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink",
                   )}
                 >
-                  Import
+                  {t("Import")}
                 </button>
                 <button
                   role="tab"
@@ -545,7 +549,7 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
                     tab === "scout" ? "bg-card text-ink shadow-sm" : "text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink",
                   )}
                 >
-                  From a folder
+                  {t("From a folder")}
                 </button>
               </div>
               {tab === "explore" && (
@@ -554,8 +558,8 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
                   <input
                     value={search}
                     onChange={(event) => setSearch(event.target.value)}
-                    placeholder="Search teams"
-                    aria-label="Search teams"
+                    placeholder={t("Search teams")}
+                    aria-label={t("Search teams")}
                     className="min-w-0 flex-1 bg-transparent text-[14px] text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:outline-none"
                   />
                 </label>
@@ -566,17 +570,17 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
               {tab === "explore" && (
                 <div>
                   <div className="mb-3 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">
-                    {search ? "Search results" : "Community teams"}
+                    {search ? t("Search results") : t("Community teams")}
                   </div>
                   {catalogLoading && (
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-center gap-2 py-24 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
-                      <Loader2 size={16} className="animate-spin" /> Loading teams…
+                      <Loader2 size={16} className="animate-spin" /> {t("Loading teams…")}
                     </div>
                   )}
                   {!catalogLoading && catalogError && (
                     <div className="rounded-xl bg-danger/10 p-4 text-[13px] text-danger">
                       <p>{catalogError}</p>
-                      <button onClick={() => void loadCatalog()} className="mt-3 rounded-full bg-raised px-3.5 py-2 text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover">Try again</button>
+                      <button onClick={() => void loadCatalog()} className="mt-3 rounded-full bg-raised px-3.5 py-2 text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover">{t("Try again")}</button>
                     </div>
                   )}
                   {!catalogLoading && catalog && (
@@ -587,7 +591,7 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
                           <div className="min-w-0 flex-1">
                             <h3 className="truncate text-[14px] font-medium text-ink">{entry.name}</h3>
                             <p className="mt-0.5 truncate text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary">{entry.summary}</p>
-                            <p className="mt-1 text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary/80">{entry.members} bots · {entry.skills.length} playbooks</p>
+                            <p className="mt-1 text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary/80">{t("{bots} bots · {playbooks} playbooks", { bots: entry.members, playbooks: entry.skills.length })}</p>
                           </div>
                           <button
                             onClick={() => void loadLibraryTeam(entry)}
@@ -595,7 +599,7 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
                             className="flex min-w-[72px] items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-full bg-raised px-3.5 py-2 text-[12.5px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-40"
                           >
                             {busySlug === entry.slug && <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" />}
-                            {busySlug === entry.slug ? "Loading" : "Load"}
+                            {busySlug === entry.slug ? t("Loading") : t("Load")}
                           </button>
                         </article>
                       ))}
@@ -603,8 +607,8 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
                   )}
                   {!catalogLoading && catalog && visibleTeams.length === 0 && (
                     <div className="flex min-h-56 flex-col items-center justify-center text-center">
-                      <div className="text-[14px] font-medium text-ink">No teams found</div>
-                      <div className="mt-1 text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary">Try a different search.</div>
+                      <div className="text-[14px] font-medium text-ink">{t("No teams found")}</div>
+                      <div className="mt-1 text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Try a different search.")}</div>
                     </div>
                   )}
                 </div>
@@ -624,7 +628,7 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
                       void readFile(file).catch((cause) => setError(cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : String(cause)));
                     }}
                   />
-                  <div className="mb-3 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">Bring your own team</div>
+                  <div className="mb-3 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">{t("Bring your own team")}</div>
                   <div className="grid gap-5 md:grid-cols-2">
                     <button
                       onClick={() => fileInputRef.current?.click()}
@@ -646,21 +650,21 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
                       )}
                     >
                       <UploadCloud size={27} className="text-accent" />
-                      <span className="mt-3 text-[14px] font-medium text-ink">Choose a team file</span>
-                      <span className="mt-1 text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary">or drop a .mausteam.json here</span>
+                      <span className="mt-3 text-[14px] font-medium text-ink">{t("Choose a team file")}</span>
+                      <span className="mt-1 text-[12.5px] text-ink-secondary">{t("or drop a .mausteam.json here")}</span>
                     </button>
 
                     <div className="flex min-h-56 flex-col justify-center rounded-2xl bg-raised/25 px-6">
                       <Github size={25} className="text-ink-secondary" />
-                      <h3 className="mt-3 text-[14px] font-medium text-ink">Load from GitHub</h3>
-                      <p className="mt-1 text-[12.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">Paste a public repo or a direct team JSON link.</p>
+                      <h3 className="mt-3 text-[14px] font-medium text-ink">{t("Load from GitHub")}</h3>
+                      <p className="mt-1 text-[12.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">{t("Paste a public repo or a direct team JSON link.")}</p>
                       <div className="mt-4 flex gap-2">
                         <input
                           value={githubUrl}
                           onChange={(event) => setGithubUrl(event.target.value)}
                           onKeyDown={(event) => event.key === "Enter" && void loadGithubTeam()}
-                          placeholder="github.com/owner/repo"
-                          aria-label="GitHub team URL"
+                          placeholder={t("github.com/owner/repo")}
+                          aria-label={t("GitHub team URL")}
                           className="min-w-0 flex-1 rounded-xl bg-raised/80 px-3 py-2.5 text-[13px] text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:outline-none"
                         />
                         <button
@@ -669,7 +673,7 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
                           className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-full bg-accent px-4 py-2.5 text-[13px] font-medium text-white hover:bg-accent/90 disabled:opacity-40"
                         >
                           {githubLoading && <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" />}
-                          Load
+                          {t("Load")}
                         </button>
                       </div>
                     </div>
@@ -680,18 +684,17 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
 
               {tab === "scout" && (
                 <div>
-                  <div className="mb-3 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">Start from a project folder</div>
+                  <div className="mb-3 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">{t("Start from a project folder")}</div>
                   <p className="max-w-2xl text-[12.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
-                    Point the scout at a folder. It reads what&apos;s in there — README, dependencies, layout — and
-                    suggests a team for it. Nothing is created until you say so.
+                    {t("Point the scout at a folder. It reads what's in there — README, dependencies, layout — and suggests a team for it. Nothing is created until you say so.")}
                   </p>
                   <div className="mt-4 flex flex-col gap-2 sm:flex-row">
                     <input
                       value={scoutFolder}
                       onChange={(event) => setScoutFolder(event.target.value)}
                       onKeyDown={(event) => event.key === "Enter" && scoutTarget && void runScout(scoutTarget)}
-                      placeholder="/path/to/your/project"
-                      aria-label="Project folder to scout"
+                      placeholder={t("/path/to/your/project")}
+                      aria-label={t("Project folder to scout")}
                       className="min-w-0 flex-1 rounded-xl bg-raised/80 px-3 py-2.5 text-[13px] text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:outline-none"
                     />
                     {Boolean(window.ogb?.pickFolder) && (
@@ -701,7 +704,7 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
                         className="flex items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-full bg-raised px-4 py-2.5 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:opacity-40"
                       >
                         <FolderOpen size={14} />
-                        Browse
+                        {t("Browse")}
                       </button>
                     )}
                     <button
@@ -710,7 +713,7 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
                       className="flex items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-full bg-accent px-4 py-2.5 text-[13px] font-medium text-white hover:bg-accent/90 disabled:opacity-40"
                     >
                       {scouting ? <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" /> : <Compass size={14} />}
-                      {scouting ? "Scouting…" : "Scout"}
+                      {scouting ? t("Scouting…") : t("Scout")}
                     </button>
                   </div>
 
@@ -732,7 +735,7 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
                         )}
                       </div>
 
-                      <div className="mt-5 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">Suggested team</div>
+                      <div className="mt-5 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">{t("Suggested team")}</div>
                       <div className="mt-1 grid grid-cols-1 gap-x-10 md:grid-cols-2">
                         {scouted.suggestion.manifest.team.members.map((member, index) => (
                           <div key={member.key} className="flex min-h-[64px] items-center gap-3 border-b border-hairline/35 px-1 py-3">
@@ -753,7 +756,7 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
 
                       {directory && directory.length > 0 && (
                         <>
-                          <div className="mt-5 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">From the community directory — tick to add</div>
+                          <div className="mt-5 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">{t("From the community directory — tick to add")}</div>
                           <div className="mt-1 flex flex-col">
                             {directory.map((candidate) => (
                               <div key={candidate.slug} className="flex items-center gap-3 border-b border-hairline/35 px-1 py-3">
@@ -777,14 +780,14 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
                                       {candidate.category && <span className="font-normal text-ink-secondary"> · {candidate.category}</span>}
                                     </div>
                                     <div className="mt-0.5 truncate text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">
-                                      Matches {candidate.matched.join(", ")}
+                                      {t("Matches {matches}", { matches: candidate.matched.join(", ") })}
                                     </div>
                                   </div>
                                 </label>
                                 <button
                                   onClick={() => void openExternal(candidate.detailUrl)}
-                                  aria-label={`Open ${candidate.name} on botdirectory.ai`}
-                                  title="Read this bot's page before adding it"
+                                  aria-label={t("Open {name} on botdirectory.ai", { name: candidate.name })}
+                                  title={t("Read this bot's page before adding it")}
                                   className="rounded-lg p-1.5 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"
                                 >
                                   <ExternalLink size={14} />
@@ -799,7 +802,7 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
                         <input
                           value={roomName}
                           onChange={(event) => setRoomName(event.target.value)}
-                          aria-label="Project channel name"
+                          aria-label={t("Project channel name")}
                           className="min-w-0 flex-1 rounded-xl bg-raised/80 px-3 py-2.5 text-[13px] text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:outline-none"
                         />
                         <button
@@ -808,11 +811,11 @@ export function TeamLibraryPanel({
                           className="flex shrink-0 items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-full bg-accent px-5 py-2.5 text-[13.5px] font-medium text-white hover:bg-accent/90 disabled:opacity-60"
                         >
                           {creating && <Loader2 size={15} className="animate-spin" />}
-                          {creating ? "Creating…" : "Create project channel"}
+                          {creating ? t("Creating…") : t("Create project channel")}
                         </button>
                       </div>
                       <p className="mt-2 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">
-                        Creates the team as new bots, opens a channel for them, and points the channel at this folder.
+                        {t("Creates the team as new bots, opens a channel for them, and points the channel at this folder.")}
                       </p>
                     </div>
                   )}
diff --git a/src/components/TranscriptionSettings.tsx b/src/components/TranscriptionSettings.tsx
index aee4d533f..a31905c07 100644
--- a/src/components/TranscriptionSettings.tsx
+++ b/src/components/TranscriptionSettings.tsx
@@ -2,9 +2,11 @@ import { Check, ExternalLink, Loader2 } from "lucide-react";
 import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
 
 import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 import { announceTranscriptionStatus } from "@/lib/transcription-status";
 
 export function TranscriptionSettings() {
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const bridge = window.ogb?.transcription;
   const [configured, setConfigured] = useState<boolean | null>(null);
   const [value, setValue] = useState("");
@@ -40,11 +42,11 @@ export function TranscriptionSettings() {
     <div>
       <div className="mb-1.5 flex items-center gap-2 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
         <span className={cn("size-1.5 rounded-full", configured ? "bg-success" : "bg-raised-hover")} />
-        <span>AssemblyAI transcription</span>
-        {configured && <span className="text-[11px] text-success">Connected</span>}
+        <span>{t("AssemblyAI transcription")}</span>
+        {configured && <span className="text-[11px] text-success">{t("Connected")}</span>}
       </div>
       <p className="mb-2 text-[12px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
-        Live narration for recorded skills. Audio is sent to AssemblyAI while recording; the API key is protected by your operating system.
+        {t("Live narration for recorded skills. Audio is sent to AssemblyAI while recording; the API key is protected by your operating system.")}
       </p>
       <div className="flex gap-2">
         <input
@@ -52,8 +54,8 @@ export function TranscriptionSettings() {
           value={value}
           onChange={(event) => setValue(event.target.value)}
           onKeyDown={(event) => event.key === "Enter" && void save()}
-          placeholder={configured ? "••••••••  (paste to replace)" : "Paste your AssemblyAI API key"}
-          aria-label="AssemblyAI API key"
+          placeholder={configured ? t("••••••••  (paste to replace)") : t("Paste your AssemblyAI API key")}
+          aria-label={t("AssemblyAI API key")}
           autoComplete="off"
           disabled={!bridge}
           className="w-full rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 bg-inset px-3 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:border-hairline focus:outline-none disabled:opacity-50"
@@ -62,13 +64,13 @@ export function TranscriptionSettings() {
           type="button"
           onClick={() => void save()}
           disabled={!bridge || saving || (!value.trim() && !configured)}
-          title={clearing ? "Remove the saved key" : "Save"}
+          title={clearing ? t("Remove the saved key") : t("Save")}
           className={cn(
             "flex w-[72px] shrink-0 items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-control py-2 text-[13px] hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-50",
             clearing ? "text-danger" : "text-ink",
           )}
         >
-          {saving ? <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" /> : clearing ? "Clear" : <><Check size={13} />Save</>}
+          {saving ? <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" /> : clearing ? t("Clear") : <><Check size={13} />{t("Save")}</>}
         </button>
       </div>
       <a
@@ -77,9 +79,9 @@ export function TranscriptionSettings() {
         rel="noopener noreferrer"
         className="mt-2 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[12px] font-medium text-accent hover:underline"
       >
-        Open AssemblyAI dashboard <ExternalLink size={12} />
+        {t("Open AssemblyAI dashboard")} <ExternalLink size={12} />
       </a>
-      {!bridge && <div className="mt-1 text-[12px] text-warning">Available in the installed desktop app.</div>}
+      {!bridge && <div className="mt-1 text-[12px] text-warning">{t("Available in the installed desktop app.")}</div>}
       {error && <div role="alert" className="mt-1 text-[12px] text-danger">{error}</div>}
     </div>
   );
diff --git a/src/components/UsageSection.tsx b/src/components/UsageSection.tsx
index 05a965400..ce383e0c5 100644
--- a/src/components/UsageSection.tsx
+++ b/src/components/UsageSection.tsx
@@ -6,9 +6,11 @@ import { useStore } from "@/state/store";
 import { MausAvatar } from "./Avatar";
 import { Card } from "./SettingsPrimitives";
 import { botUsage, costCaption, formatTokens, formatUsd, hasFiniteCost, sumUsage } from "@/lib/usage";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 
 export function UsageSection() {
   const { state } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const rows = state.bots
     .filter((b) => !b.hidden)
     .map((bot) => {
@@ -27,16 +29,16 @@ export function UsageSection() {
   const billings = new Set(rows.map((r) => r.billing));
 
   return (
-    <Card title="Usage" subtitle="Tokens and cost per bot, added up from every settled turn. Only engines that report a price show one.">
+    <Card title={t("Usage")} subtitle={t("Tokens and cost per bot, added up from every settled turn. Only engines that report a price show one.")}>
       {rows.length === 0 ? (
-        <div className="text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">Nothing spent yet — figures appear after a bot's first turn.</div>
+        <div className="text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Nothing spent yet — figures appear after a bot's first turn.")}</div>
       ) : (
         <div className="flex flex-col">
           <div className="grid grid-cols-[1fr_auto_auto_auto] gap-x-5 border-b border-hairline/40 pb-2 text-[11.5px] font-medium uppercase tracking-wide text-ink-secondary">
-            <span>Bot</span>
-            <span className="text-right">Turns</span>
-            <span className="text-right">Tokens</span>
-            <span className="text-right">Cost</span>
+            <span>{t("Bot")}</span>
+            <span className="text-right">{t("Turns")}</span>
+            <span className="text-right">{t("Tokens")}</span>
+            <span className="text-right">{t("Cost")}</span>
           </div>
           {rows.map(({ bot, usage }) => (
             <div key={bot.id} className="grid grid-cols-[1fr_auto_auto_auto] items-center gap-x-5 border-b border-hairline/20 py-2 text-[13px]">
@@ -52,14 +54,16 @@ export function UsageSection() {
             </div>
           ))}
           <div className="grid grid-cols-[1fr_auto_auto_auto] items-center gap-x-5 pt-2.5 text-[13px] font-medium text-ink">
-            <span>All bots</span>
+            <span>{t("All bots")}</span>
             <span className="text-right tabular-nums">{total.turns}</span>
             <span className="text-right tabular-nums">{formatTokens(total.input + total.output)}</span>
             <span className="text-right tabular-nums">{hasFiniteCost(total.costUsd) ? formatUsd(total.costUsd) : "—"}</span>
           </div>
           {hasFiniteCost(total.costUsd) && (
             <div className="mt-3 text-[12px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
-              Cost is {billings.size === 1 ? costCaption([...billings][0]) : "as each engine reports it — on a subscription it's an equivalent, not a charge"}.
+              {t("Cost is {description}.", {
+                description: t(billings.size === 1 ? costCaption([...billings][0]) : "as each engine reports it — on a subscription it's an equivalent, not a charge"),
+              })}
             </div>
           )}
         </div>
diff --git a/src/components/VoiceSettings.tsx b/src/components/VoiceSettings.tsx
index d68b8d304..37e56559a 100644
--- a/src/components/VoiceSettings.tsx
+++ b/src/components/VoiceSettings.tsx
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { Check, Loader2, Volume2 } from "lucide-react";
 import { api, useStore, type Bot, type ConfigStatus } from "@/state/store";
 import { speaker } from "@/lib/tts";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 
 const SAMPLE = "Morning. Overnight the tests went green, and I left two notes for you in the thread.";
 
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@ export function VoiceSettings({
   onPatch: (patch: Partial<Pick<Bot, "voice" | "speakReplies">>) => void;
 }) {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const tts = state.config?.tts;
 
   const [key, setKey] = useState("");
@@ -74,17 +76,16 @@ export function VoiceSettings({
 
   return (
     <div className="rounded-xl bg-card p-4">
-      <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">Voice</div>
+      <div className="text-[15px] font-medium text-ink">{t("Voice")}</div>
       <div className="mt-0.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
-        Give this agent a voice for calls and spoken replies. The ElevenLabs key is shared by the workspace;
-        the voice choice belongs to this agent.
+        {t("Give this agent a voice for calls and spoken replies. The ElevenLabs key is shared by the workspace; the voice choice belongs to this agent.")}
       </div>
 
       <div className="mt-4">
         <div className="mb-1.5 flex items-center gap-2 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">
           <span className={cn("size-1.5 rounded-full", configured ? "bg-success" : "bg-raised-hover")} />
-          <span>ElevenLabs key</span>
-          {configured && <span className="text-[11px] text-success">Connected</span>}
+          <span>{t("ElevenLabs key")}</span>
+          {configured && <span className="text-[11px] text-success">{t("Connected")}</span>}
         </div>
         <div className="flex gap-2">
           <input
@@ -92,8 +93,8 @@ export function VoiceSettings({
             value={key}
             onChange={(e) => setKey(e.target.value)}
             onKeyDown={(e) => e.key === "Enter" && key.trim() && void saveKey()}
-            placeholder={configured ? "••••••••  (paste to replace)" : "Paste your ElevenLabs API key"}
-            aria-label="ElevenLabs key"
+            placeholder={configured ? t("••••••••  (paste to replace)") : t("Paste your ElevenLabs API key")}
+            aria-label={t("ElevenLabs key")}
             autoComplete="off"
             className="w-full rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 bg-inset px-3 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink placeholder:text-ink-secondary focus:border-hairline focus:outline-none"
           />
@@ -102,7 +103,7 @@ export function VoiceSettings({
             disabled={saving || !key.trim()}
             className="flex w-[72px] shrink-0 items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-control py-2 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-50"
           >
-            {saving ? <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" /> : <><Check size={13} />Save</>}
+            {saving ? <Loader2 size={13} className="animate-spin" /> : <><Check size={13} />{t("Save")}</>}
           </button>
         </div>
         {!configured && (
@@ -112,30 +113,30 @@ export function VoiceSettings({
             rel="noopener noreferrer"
             className="mt-1.5 inline-block text-[12px] font-medium text-accent hover:underline"
           >
-            Get a key from ElevenLabs
+            {t("Get a key from ElevenLabs")}
           </a>
         )}
       </div>
 
       {configured && (
         <div className="mt-4">
-          <div className="mb-1.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">Voice</div>
+          <div className="mb-1.5 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Voice")}</div>
           <div className="flex gap-2">
             <select
               value={selectedVoice}
               onChange={(e) => onPatch({ voice: e.target.value })}
-              aria-label={`${bot.name}'s voice`}
+              aria-label={t("{name}'s voice", { name: bot.name })}
               className="w-full rounded-lg border border-hairline/40 bg-inset px-3 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink focus:border-hairline focus:outline-none"
             >
               <option value="">
                 {loadingVoices
-                  ? "Loading voices…"
+                  ? t("Loading voices…")
                   : tts.voice
-                    ? "Workspace default"
-                    : "Pick a voice"}
+                    ? t("Workspace default")
+                    : t("Pick a voice")}
               </option>
               {selectedVoice && !voices.some((voice) => voice.id === selectedVoice) && (
-                <option value={selectedVoice}>Current agent voice</option>
+                <option value={selectedVoice}>{t("Current agent voice")}</option>
               )}
               {voices.map((v) => (
                 <option key={v.id} value={v.id}>
@@ -147,11 +148,11 @@ export function VoiceSettings({
             <button
               onClick={() => void speaker.speak(SAMPLE, { voiceId: bot.voice, botId: bot.id })}
               disabled={!ready}
-              title={ready ? "Hear this voice" : "Pick a voice first"}
-              aria-label="Hear this voice"
+              title={ready ? t("Hear this voice") : t("Pick a voice first")}
+              aria-label={t("Hear this voice")}
               className="flex w-[72px] shrink-0 items-center justify-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-control py-2 text-[13px] text-ink hover:bg-raised-hover disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-50"
             >
-              <Volume2 size={14} /> Try
+              <Volume2 size={14} /> {t("Try")}
             </button>
           </div>
         </div>
@@ -159,15 +160,15 @@ export function VoiceSettings({
 
       <div className="mt-4 flex items-center justify-between gap-4 border-t border-hairline/40 pt-4">
         <div>
-          <div className="text-[13px] font-medium text-ink">Read replies aloud</div>
+          <div className="text-[13px] font-medium text-ink">{t("Read replies aloud")}</div>
           <div className="mt-0.5 text-[11.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">
-            Speak this agent's answers as they arrive, even from another chat.
+            {t("Speak this agent's answers as they arrive, even from another chat.")}
           </div>
         </div>
         <button
           role="switch"
           aria-checked={Boolean(bot.speakReplies)}
-          aria-label="Read this bot's replies aloud"
+          aria-label={t("Read this bot's replies aloud")}
           onClick={() => onPatch({ speakReplies: !bot.speakReplies })}
           className={cn(
             "relative h-[26px] w-[44px] shrink-0 rounded-full transition-colors",
diff --git a/src/components/WebhooksPanel.tsx b/src/components/WebhooksPanel.tsx
index 1076143a5..2fd970660 100644
--- a/src/components/WebhooksPanel.tsx
+++ b/src/components/WebhooksPanel.tsx
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import {
 
 import { BotAvatar } from "@/components/Avatar";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
+import { useI18n } from "@/lib/i18n-context";
 import type { RoutineRun, RoutineRunOn } from "@/lib/routines";
 import {
   loadWebhookCredentials,
@@ -30,13 +31,15 @@ import {
 import { webhookActivationDefaults, type WebhookAttempt, type WebhookCredential, type WebhookTrigger, type WebhookTriggerInput } from "@/lib/webhooks";
 import { api, useStore, type Bot } from "@/state/store";
 
-function relativeTime(at?: number) {
-  if (!at) return "Never";
+type Translate = ReturnType<typeof useI18n>["t"];
+
+function relativeTime(at: number | undefined, locale: string, t: Translate) {
+  if (!at) return t("Never");
   const elapsed = Math.max(0, Date.now() - at);
-  if (elapsed < 60_000) return "Just now";
-  if (elapsed < 60 * 60_000) return `${Math.floor(elapsed / 60_000)}m ago`;
-  if (elapsed < 24 * 60 * 60_000) return `${Math.floor(elapsed / 3_600_000)}h ago`;
-  return new Date(at).toLocaleDateString([], { month: "short", day: "numeric" });
+  if (elapsed < 60_000) return t("Just now");
+  if (elapsed < 60 * 60_000) return t("{count}m ago", { count: Math.floor(elapsed / 60_000) });
+  if (elapsed < 24 * 60 * 60_000) return t("{count}h ago", { count: Math.floor(elapsed / 3_600_000) });
+  return new Date(at).toLocaleDateString(locale, { month: "short", day: "numeric" });
 }
 
 function deliverySummary(run: RoutineRun) {
@@ -47,9 +50,9 @@ function deliverySummary(run: RoutineRun) {
   return { eventName, preview: payload.slice(0, 240) };
 }
 
-function suggestedName(prompt: string, bot?: Bot) {
+function suggestedName(prompt: string, bot: Bot | undefined, t: Translate) {
   const first = prompt.trim().split(/[.!?\n]/)[0]?.trim().slice(0, 60);
-  return first || `${bot?.name ?? "MAUS"} webhook`;
+  return first || t("{name} webhook", { name: bot?.name ?? "MAUS" });
 }
 
 function statusFor(webhook: WebhookTrigger) {
@@ -81,6 +84,7 @@ function terminalCommand(credential: WebhookCredential) {
 
 function WebhookEditor({ webhook, bots, onClose, onCredential }: { webhook?: WebhookTrigger; bots: Bot[]; onClose: () => void; onCredential: (credential: WebhookCredential, webhookId: string) => void }) {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { t } = useI18n();
   const [botId, setBotId] = useState(webhook?.botId ?? bots[0]?.id ?? "");
   const [name, setName] = useState(webhook?.name ?? "");
   const [prompt, setPrompt] = useState(webhook?.prompt ?? "");
@@ -93,7 +97,7 @@ function WebhookEditor({ webhook, bots, onClose, onCredential }: { webhook?: Web
 
   const save = async () => {
     const bot = bots.find((candidate) => candidate.id === botId);
-    const input: WebhookTriggerInput = { name: name.trim() || suggestedName(prompt, bot), prompt: prompt.trim(), botId, runOn, ...webhookActivationDefaults(webhook), eventTypes: eventTypes.split(",").map((value) => value.trim()).filter(Boolean) };
+    const input: WebhookTriggerInput = { name: name.trim() || suggestedName(prompt, bot, t), prompt: prompt.trim(), botId, runOn, ...webhookActivationDefaults(webhook), eventTypes: eventTypes.split(",").map((value) => value.trim()).filter(Boolean) };
     setSaving(true);
     setError("");
     try {
@@ -111,22 +115,22 @@ function WebhookEditor({ webhook, bots, onClose, onCredential }: { webhook?: Web
   return (
     <div className="fixed inset-0 z-50 flex items-center justify-center bg-black/70 p-5 backdrop-blur-sm" onMouseDown={(event) => event.target === event.currentTarget && onClose()}>
       <div className="flex max-h-[90vh] w-full max-w-[590px] flex-col overflow-hidden rounded-2xl border border-hairline/60 bg-panel shadow-2xl">
-        <div className="flex items-start justify-between border-b border-hairline/40 px-5 py-4"><div><div className="text-[17px] font-semibold text-ink">{webhook ? "Edit webhook" : "New local webhook"}</div><div className="mt-1 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">Each request starts a new task in the MAUS chat.</div></div><button onClick={onClose} className="rounded-lg p-2 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"><X size={18} /></button></div>
+        <div className="flex items-start justify-between border-b border-hairline/40 px-5 py-4"><div><div className="text-[17px] font-semibold text-ink">{t(webhook ? "Edit webhook" : "New local webhook")}</div><div className="mt-1 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Each request starts a new task in the MAUS chat.")}</div></div><button onClick={onClose} className="rounded-lg p-2 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"><X size={18} /></button></div>
         <div className="min-h-0 flex-1 space-y-5 overflow-y-auto p-5">
-          <div><div className="mb-2 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">Who receives the tasks?</div><div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-2 sm:grid-cols-3">{bots.map((bot) => <button key={bot.id} type="button" onClick={() => setBotId(bot.id)} className={cn("flex min-w-0 items-center gap-2 rounded-xl border px-3 py-2 text-left", botId === bot.id ? "border-accent/70 bg-accent/10" : "border-hairline/50 bg-inset hover:bg-raised/60")}><BotAvatar bot={bot} state={botId === bot.id ? "happy" : "idle"} size={38} animated={false} /><span className="min-w-0 flex-1 truncate text-[13px] font-medium text-ink">{bot.name}</span></button>)}</div></div>
-          <div className="rounded-xl border border-accent/20 bg-accent/5 px-3.5 py-3 text-[11.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">Send the task in the request: <code className="text-ink">{`{"task":"Check the failed build"}`}</code>. The MAUS keeps its model, tools, permissions, and computer setup.</div>
+          <div><div className="mb-2 text-[12px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">{t("Who receives the tasks?")}</div><div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-2 sm:grid-cols-3">{bots.map((bot) => <button key={bot.id} type="button" onClick={() => setBotId(bot.id)} className={cn("flex min-w-0 items-center gap-2 rounded-xl border px-3 py-2 text-left", botId === bot.id ? "border-accent/70 bg-accent/10" : "border-hairline/50 bg-inset hover:bg-raised/60")}><BotAvatar bot={bot} state={botId === bot.id ? "happy" : "idle"} size={38} animated={false} /><span className="min-w-0 flex-1 truncate text-[13px] font-medium text-ink">{bot.name}</span></button>)}</div></div>
+          <div className="rounded-xl border border-accent/20 bg-accent/5 px-3.5 py-3 text-[11.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">{t("Send the task in the request:")} <code className="text-ink">{`{"task":"Check the failed build"}`}</code>{t(". The MAUS keeps its model, tools, permissions, and computer setup.")}</div>
           <details className="group rounded-xl border border-hairline/45 bg-inset/45 px-4 py-3" open={Boolean(webhook)}>
-            <summary className="cursor-pointer text-[12.5px] font-medium text-ink">Advanced options</summary>
+            <summary className="cursor-pointer text-[12.5px] font-medium text-ink">{t("Advanced options")}</summary>
             <div className="mt-4 space-y-4">
-              <label className="block"><span className="mb-1.5 block text-[11.5px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">Name <span className="font-normal">· optional</span></span><input value={name} onChange={(event) => setName(event.target.value)} placeholder={suggestedName(prompt, bots.find((bot) => bot.id === botId))} className="w-full rounded-xl border border-hairline/60 bg-panel px-3.5 py-2.5 text-[13px] text-ink outline-none placeholder:text-ink-secondary/60 focus:border-accent/70" /></label>
-              <label className="block"><span className="mb-1.5 block text-[11.5px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">Default instructions <span className="font-normal">· optional</span></span><textarea value={prompt} onChange={(event) => setPrompt(event.target.value)} rows={3} placeholder="For every event, summarize what happened and suggest the next step…" className="w-full resize-y rounded-xl border border-hairline/60 bg-panel px-3.5 py-3 text-[13px] leading-relaxed text-ink outline-none placeholder:text-ink-secondary/60 focus:border-accent/70" /><span className="mt-1.5 block text-[10.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">Use this only when every event needs the same handling rule. Otherwise the request’s task is used.</span></label>
-              <div><div className="mb-2 text-[11.5px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">Run on</div><div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-2"><button type="button" onClick={() => setRunOn("maus")} className={cn("rounded-xl border p-3 text-left", runOn === "maus" ? "border-accent/70 bg-accent/10" : "border-hairline/50 bg-panel hover:bg-raised/60")}><div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[12.5px] font-medium text-ink"><Laptop size={14} />This computer</div></button><button type="button" disabled={!cloudReady && runOn !== "cloud"} onClick={() => setRunOn("cloud")} className={cn("rounded-xl border p-3 text-left disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-45", runOn === "cloud" ? "border-accent/70 bg-accent/10" : "border-hairline/50 bg-panel hover:bg-raised/60")}><div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[12.5px] font-medium text-ink"><Cloud size={14} />Cloud VM</div></button></div></div>
-              <label className="block"><span className="mb-1.5 block text-[11.5px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">Only accept event types <span className="font-normal">· optional</span></span><input value={eventTypes} onChange={(event) => setEventTypes(event.target.value)} placeholder="push, workflow_run" className="w-full rounded-xl border border-hairline/60 bg-panel px-3.5 py-2.5 text-[13px] text-ink outline-none placeholder:text-ink-secondary/60 focus:border-accent/70" /><span className="mt-1.5 block text-[10.5px] text-ink-secondary">Comma-separated values from the sender’s event-type header.</span></label>
+              <label className="block"><span className="mb-1.5 block text-[11.5px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">{t("Name")} <span className="font-normal">· {t("optional")}</span></span><input value={name} onChange={(event) => setName(event.target.value)} placeholder={suggestedName(prompt, bots.find((bot) => bot.id === botId), t)} className="w-full rounded-xl border border-hairline/60 bg-panel px-3.5 py-2.5 text-[13px] text-ink outline-none placeholder:text-ink-secondary/60 focus:border-accent/70" /></label>
+              <label className="block"><span className="mb-1.5 block text-[11.5px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">{t("Default instructions")} <span className="font-normal">· {t("optional")}</span></span><textarea value={prompt} onChange={(event) => setPrompt(event.target.value)} rows={3} placeholder={t("For every event, summarize what happened and suggest the next step…")} className="w-full resize-y rounded-xl border border-hairline/60 bg-panel px-3.5 py-3 text-[13px] leading-relaxed text-ink outline-none placeholder:text-ink-secondary/60 focus:border-accent/70" /><span className="mt-1.5 block text-[10.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">{t("Use this only when every event needs the same handling rule. Otherwise the request’s task is used.")}</span></label>
+              <div><div className="mb-2 text-[11.5px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">{t("Run on")}</div><div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-2"><button type="button" onClick={() => setRunOn("maus")} className={cn("rounded-xl border p-3 text-left", runOn === "maus" ? "border-accent/70 bg-accent/10" : "border-hairline/50 bg-panel hover:bg-raised/60")}><div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[12.5px] font-medium text-ink"><Laptop size={14} />{t("This computer")}</div></button><button type="button" disabled={!cloudReady && runOn !== "cloud"} onClick={() => setRunOn("cloud")} className={cn("rounded-xl border p-3 text-left disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-45", runOn === "cloud" ? "border-accent/70 bg-accent/10" : "border-hairline/50 bg-panel hover:bg-raised/60")}><div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[12.5px] font-medium text-ink"><Cloud size={14} />{t("Cloud VM")}</div></button></div></div>
+              <label className="block"><span className="mb-1.5 block text-[11.5px] font-medium text-ink-secondary">{t("Only accept event types")} <span className="font-normal">· {t("optional")}</span></span><input value={eventTypes} onChange={(event) => setEventTypes(event.target.value)} placeholder="push, workflow_run" className="w-full rounded-xl border border-hairline/60 bg-panel px-3.5 py-2.5 text-[13px] text-ink outline-none placeholder:text-ink-secondary/60 focus:border-accent/70" /><span className="mt-1.5 block text-[10.5px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Comma-separated values from the sender’s event-type header.")}</span></label>
             </div>
           </details>
           {error && <div className="rounded-xl border border-danger/30 bg-danger/10 px-3.5 py-3 text-[12px] text-danger">{error}</div>}
         </div>
-        <div className="flex justify-end gap-2 border-t border-hairline/40 px-5 py-4"><button onClick={onClose} className="rounded-xl px-4 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink">Cancel</button><button disabled={saving || !botId} onClick={() => void save()} className="flex items-center gap-2 rounded-xl bg-accent px-4 py-2 text-[13px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110 disabled:opacity-40">{saving && <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" />}{webhook ? "Save changes" : "Create local webhook"}</button></div>
+        <div className="flex justify-end gap-2 border-t border-hairline/40 px-5 py-4"><button onClick={onClose} className="rounded-xl px-4 py-2 text-[13px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink">{t("Cancel")}</button><button disabled={saving || !botId} onClick={() => void save()} className="flex items-center gap-2 rounded-xl bg-accent px-4 py-2 text-[13px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110 disabled:opacity-40">{saving && <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" />}{t(webhook ? "Save changes" : "Create local webhook")}</button></div>
       </div>
     </div>
   );
@@ -138,6 +142,7 @@ interface ActivityItem { id: string; at: number; outcome: WebhookAttempt["outcom
  * either copy its setup command or inspect its deliveries on the right. */
 export function WebhooksPanel({ bots }: { bots: Bot[] }) {
   const { state, dispatch } = useStore();
+  const { locale, t } = useI18n();
   const [editor, setEditor] = useState<WebhookTrigger | "new" | null>(null);
   const [credentials, setCredentials] = useState<Record<string, WebhookCredential>>(() =>
     loadWebhookCredentials(webhookCredentialStore()),
@@ -165,7 +170,7 @@ export function WebhooksPanel({ bots }: { bots: Bot[] }) {
         id: attempt.id,
         at: attempt.receivedAt,
         outcome: attempt.outcome,
-        eventName: attempt.eventName || (attempt.outcome === "rejected" ? "Rejected request" : "Webhook event"),
+        eventName: attempt.eventName || t(attempt.outcome === "rejected" ? "Rejected request" : "Webhook event"),
         preview: attempt.preview || "",
         reason: attempt.reason,
         run: attempt.runId ? runById.get(attempt.runId) : undefined,
@@ -177,14 +182,14 @@ export function WebhooksPanel({ bots }: { bots: Bot[] }) {
         return { id: run.id, at: run.scheduledFor, outcome: "accepted" as const, eventName: summary.eventName, preview: summary.preview, run };
       });
     return [...attempts, ...legacy].sort((a, b) => b.at - a.at).slice(0, 30);
-  }, [attemptsByRun, runById, selected, state.routineRuns, state.webhookAttempts]);
+  }, [attemptsByRun, runById, selected, state.routineRuns, state.webhookAttempts, t]);
 
   const invoke = async (webhook: WebhookTrigger, action: "toggle" | "delete") => {
     setWorking(`${webhook.id}:${action}`);
     setError("");
     try {
       if (action === "delete") {
-        if (!window.confirm(`Delete “${webhook.name}”? Existing task history will stay available.`)) return;
+        if (!window.confirm(t("Delete “{name}”? Existing task history will stay available.", { name: webhook.name }))) return;
         await api(`/api/webhooks/${webhook.id}`, { method: "DELETE" });
         dispatch({ type: "webhookDeleted", webhookId: webhook.id });
         removeWebhookCredential(webhookCredentialStore(), webhook.id);
@@ -195,7 +200,7 @@ export function WebhooksPanel({ bots }: { bots: Bot[] }) {
         });
       } else {
         const enabling = !webhook.enabled;
-        if (enabling && webhook.verificationPending) throw new Error("Send a request before turning this webhook on");
+        if (enabling && webhook.verificationPending) throw new Error(t("Send a request before turning this webhook on"));
         const response = await api(`/api/webhooks/${webhook.id}`, { method: "PATCH", body: JSON.stringify({ enabled: enabling, verificationPending: false }) });
         dispatch({ type: "webhookPatched", webhook: response.webhook });
       }
@@ -207,7 +212,7 @@ export function WebhooksPanel({ bots }: { bots: Bot[] }) {
   };
 
   const createAndCopyCommand = async (webhook: WebhookTrigger, replace = false) => {
-    if (replace && !window.confirm("Replace this private URL? Every previously copied command will stop working.")) return;
+    if (replace && !window.confirm(t("Replace this private URL? Every previously copied command will stop working."))) return;
     setWorking(`${webhook.id}:command`);
     setError("");
     try {
@@ -219,7 +224,7 @@ export function WebhooksPanel({ bots }: { bots: Bot[] }) {
         setCredentials((current) => ({ ...current, [webhook.id]: credential! }));
         saveWebhookCredential(webhookCredentialStore(), webhook.id, credential!);
       }
-      if (!credential) throw new Error("Could not create a terminal command");
+      if (!credential) throw new Error(t("Could not create a terminal command"));
       await navigator.clipboard.writeText(terminalCommand(credential));
       setCopiedId(webhook.id);
       setTimeout(() => setCopiedId((current) => current === webhook.id ? null : current), 1_800);
@@ -240,18 +245,18 @@ export function WebhooksPanel({ bots }: { bots: Bot[] }) {
         <header className="flex flex-wrap items-start justify-between gap-3">
           <div>
             <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-              <h2 className="text-[17px] font-semibold text-ink">Webhooks</h2>
-              <span className="rounded-md bg-accent/10 px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[9px] font-medium uppercase tracking-wider text-accent">Local beta</span>
+              <h2 className="text-[17px] font-semibold text-ink">{t("Webhooks")}</h2>
+              <span className="rounded-md bg-accent/10 px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[9px] font-medium uppercase tracking-wider text-accent">{t("Local beta")}</span>
             </div>
-            <p className="mt-1 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">Send a task to a MAUS when another tool reports an event.</p>
+            <p className="mt-1 text-[12px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Send a task to a MAUS when another tool reports an event.")}</p>
           </div>
           <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
             <div className={cn("hidden items-center gap-1.5 text-[10.5px] sm:flex", ingress?.available ? "text-success" : "text-danger")}>
               <span className={cn("size-1.5 rounded-full", ingress?.available ? "bg-success" : "bg-danger")} />
-              {ingress?.available ? "Receiver running" : ingress?.error ?? "Receiver unavailable"}
+              {ingress?.available ? t("Receiver running") : ingress?.error ?? t("Receiver unavailable")}
             </div>
             <button onClick={() => setEditor("new")} disabled={bots.length === 0} className="flex items-center gap-2 rounded-xl bg-accent px-3.5 py-2 text-[12.5px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110 disabled:opacity-40">
-              <Plus size={15} />New webhook
+              <Plus size={15} />{t("New webhook")}
             </button>
           </div>
         </header>
@@ -261,16 +266,16 @@ export function WebhooksPanel({ bots }: { bots: Bot[] }) {
         {state.webhooks.length === 0 ? (
           <div className="border-t border-hairline/40 px-6 py-16 text-center">
             <div className="mx-auto mb-4 flex size-12 items-center justify-center rounded-2xl bg-accent/10 text-accent"><Send size={23} /></div>
-            <h3 className="text-[16px] font-semibold text-ink">Create your first webhook</h3>
-            <p className="mx-auto mt-2 max-w-[420px] text-[12.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">Choose a MAUS, copy one command, and every request becomes a new task in its chat.</p>
-            <button onClick={() => setEditor("new")} disabled={bots.length === 0} className="mt-5 inline-flex items-center gap-2 rounded-xl bg-accent px-4 py-2.5 text-[13px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110 disabled:opacity-40"><Plus size={15} />Create local webhook</button>
-            {bots.length === 0 && <p className="mt-3 text-[12px] text-warning">Create a MAUS first, then come back here.</p>}
+            <h3 className="text-[16px] font-semibold text-ink">{t("Create your first webhook")}</h3>
+            <p className="mx-auto mt-2 max-w-[420px] text-[12.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">{t("Choose a MAUS, copy one command, and every request becomes a new task in its chat.")}</p>
+            <button onClick={() => setEditor("new")} disabled={bots.length === 0} className="mt-5 inline-flex items-center gap-2 rounded-xl bg-accent px-4 py-2.5 text-[13px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110 disabled:opacity-40"><Plus size={15} />{t("Create local webhook")}</button>
+            {bots.length === 0 && <p className="mt-3 text-[12px] text-warning">{t("Create a MAUS first, then come back here.")}</p>}
           </div>
         ) : selected && (
           <div className="min-h-[580px] overflow-hidden rounded-2xl border border-hairline/45 bg-panel/25 md:grid md:grid-cols-[250px_minmax(0,1fr)]">
             <aside className="border-b border-hairline/40 bg-inset/35 p-2.5 md:border-r md:border-b-0">
               <div className="flex items-center justify-between px-2 py-2">
-                <span className="text-[10px] font-medium uppercase tracking-[0.12em] text-ink-secondary">Your webhooks</span>
+                <span className="text-[10px] font-medium uppercase tracking-[0.12em] text-ink-secondary">{t("Your webhooks")}</span>
                 <span className="text-[10px] tabular-nums text-ink-secondary">{state.webhooks.length}</span>
               </div>
               <nav className="flex gap-1 overflow-x-auto md:block md:space-y-1 md:overflow-visible">
@@ -282,7 +287,7 @@ export function WebhooksPanel({ bots }: { bots: Bot[] }) {
                       {bot ? <BotAvatar bot={bot} state={webhook.enabled ? "idle" : "sleeping"} size={36} animated={false} label={bot.name} /> : <div className="flex size-9 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-xl bg-raised text-ink-secondary"><Webhook size={16} /></div>}
                       <span className="min-w-0 flex-1">
                         <span className="block truncate text-[12.5px] font-medium">{webhook.name}</span>
-                        <span className="mt-0.5 flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[10px]"><span className={cn("size-1.5 rounded-full", status.dot)} /><span className={status.tone}>{status.label}</span></span>
+                        <span className="mt-0.5 flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[10px]"><span className={cn("size-1.5 rounded-full", status.dot)} /><span className={status.tone}>{t(status.label)}</span></span>
                       </span>
                     </button>
                   );
@@ -296,57 +301,57 @@ export function WebhooksPanel({ bots }: { bots: Bot[] }) {
                   {selectedBot ? <BotAvatar bot={selectedBot} state={selected.enabled ? "idle" : "sleeping"} size={44} animated={false} label={selectedBot.name} /> : <div className="flex size-11 items-center justify-center rounded-xl bg-raised text-ink-secondary"><Webhook size={18} /></div>}
                   <div className="min-w-0">
                     <h3 className="truncate text-[17px] font-semibold text-ink">{selected.name}</h3>
-                    <div className="mt-1 flex flex-wrap items-center gap-1.5 text-[10.5px] text-ink-secondary"><span>{selectedBot?.name ?? "Deleted MAUS"}</span><span>·</span><span>{selected.runOn === "cloud" ? "Cloud VM" : "This computer"}</span></div>
+                    <div className="mt-1 flex flex-wrap items-center gap-1.5 text-[10.5px] text-ink-secondary"><span>{selectedBot?.name ?? t("Deleted MAUS")}</span><span>·</span><span>{t(selected.runOn === "cloud" ? "Cloud VM" : "This computer")}</span></div>
                   </div>
                 </div>
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-                  {!selected.verificationPending && <button disabled={Boolean(working)} onClick={() => void invoke(selected, "toggle")} className={cn("flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-[11.5px] font-medium", selected.enabled ? "bg-raised text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink" : "bg-accent text-white hover:brightness-110")}>{selected.enabled ? <Pause size={13} /> : <Play size={13} />}{selected.enabled ? "Pause" : "Enable"}</button>}
-                  <details className="relative"><summary className="list-none rounded-lg p-2 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"><MoreHorizontal size={17} /></summary><div className="absolute right-0 top-full z-20 mt-1 w-[180px] rounded-xl border border-hairline/50 bg-card p-1.5 shadow-2xl"><button onClick={() => setEditor(selected)} className="flex w-full items-center gap-2 rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-left text-[12px] text-ink hover:bg-raised">Edit settings</button><button onClick={() => void invoke(selected, "delete")} className="flex w-full items-center gap-2 rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-left text-[12px] text-danger hover:bg-danger/10"><Trash2 size={13} />Delete</button></div></details>
+                  {!selected.verificationPending && <button disabled={Boolean(working)} onClick={() => void invoke(selected, "toggle")} className={cn("flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-[11.5px] font-medium", selected.enabled ? "bg-raised text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink" : "bg-accent text-white hover:brightness-110")}>{selected.enabled ? <Pause size={13} /> : <Play size={13} />}{t(selected.enabled ? "Pause" : "Enable")}</button>}
+                  <details className="relative"><summary className="list-none rounded-lg p-2 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink"><MoreHorizontal size={17} /></summary><div className="absolute right-0 top-full z-20 mt-1 w-[180px] rounded-xl border border-hairline/50 bg-card p-1.5 shadow-2xl"><button onClick={() => setEditor(selected)} className="flex w-full items-center gap-2 rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-left text-[12px] text-ink hover:bg-raised">{t("Edit settings")}</button><button onClick={() => void invoke(selected, "delete")} className="flex w-full items-center gap-2 rounded-lg px-3 py-2 text-left text-[12px] text-danger hover:bg-danger/10"><Trash2 size={13} />{t("Delete")}</button></div></details>
                 </div>
               </div>
 
               <div className="mt-5 flex gap-5 border-b border-hairline/35 px-5 md:px-7">
-                <button onClick={() => setTab("setup")} className={cn("border-b-2 px-0.5 pb-3 text-[12px] font-medium", tab === "setup" ? "border-accent text-ink" : "border-transparent text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink")}>Setup</button>
-                <button onClick={() => setTab("activity")} className={cn("flex items-center gap-1.5 border-b-2 px-0.5 pb-3 text-[12px] font-medium", tab === "activity" ? "border-accent text-ink" : "border-transparent text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink")}>Activity{activity.length > 0 && <span className="rounded-full bg-raised px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[9px] tabular-nums text-ink-secondary">{activity.length}</span>}</button>
+                <button onClick={() => setTab("setup")} className={cn("border-b-2 px-0.5 pb-3 text-[12px] font-medium", tab === "setup" ? "border-accent text-ink" : "border-transparent text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink")}>{t("Setup")}</button>
+                <button onClick={() => setTab("activity")} className={cn("flex items-center gap-1.5 border-b-2 px-0.5 pb-3 text-[12px] font-medium", tab === "activity" ? "border-accent text-ink" : "border-transparent text-ink-secondary hover:text-ink")}>{t("Activity")}{activity.length > 0 && <span className="rounded-full bg-raised px-1.5 py-0.5 text-[9px] tabular-nums text-ink-secondary">{activity.length}</span>}</button>
               </div>
 
               {tab === "setup" ? (
                 <div className="px-5 py-6 md:px-7">
                   <div className="max-w-[720px]">
-                    <h4 className="text-[14px] font-semibold text-ink">Send a task</h4>
-                    <p className="mt-1 text-[11.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">Copy this command into Terminal and press Return. It starts a real task in {selectedBot?.name ?? "this MAUS"}&apos;s chat; edit the task text for whatever you want done.</p>
+                    <h4 className="text-[14px] font-semibold text-ink">{t("Send a task")}</h4>
+                    <p className="mt-1 text-[11.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">{t("Copy this command into Terminal and press Return. It starts a real task in {name}'s chat; edit the task text for whatever you want done.", { name: selectedBot?.name ?? t("this MAUS") })}</p>
                     {credential ? (
                       <div className="mt-4 overflow-hidden rounded-xl border border-hairline/45 bg-[#0d0d0d]">
-                        <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-white/5 px-3.5 py-2"><span className="text-[9.5px] font-medium uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">Terminal</span><div className="flex items-center gap-1"><button onClick={() => void createAndCopyCommand(selected)} className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg px-2.5 py-1.5 text-[10.5px] font-medium text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink">{copiedId === selected.id ? <Check size={12} className="text-success" /> : <Copy size={12} />}{copiedId === selected.id ? "Copied" : "Copy command"}</button><button onClick={() => void createAndCopyCommand(selected, true)} className="rounded-lg p-1.5 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink" title="Rotate private URL"><RotateCw size={12} /></button></div></div>
+                        <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-white/5 px-3.5 py-2"><span className="text-[9.5px] font-medium uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">{t("Terminal")}</span><div className="flex items-center gap-1"><button onClick={() => void createAndCopyCommand(selected)} className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg px-2.5 py-1.5 text-[10.5px] font-medium text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink">{copiedId === selected.id ? <Check size={12} className="text-success" /> : <Copy size={12} />}{t(copiedId === selected.id ? "Copied" : "Copy command")}</button><button onClick={() => void createAndCopyCommand(selected, true)} className="rounded-lg p-1.5 text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink" title={t("Rotate private URL")}><RotateCw size={12} /></button></div></div>
                         <pre className="overflow-x-auto p-4 font-mono text-[11px] leading-relaxed whitespace-pre-wrap break-all text-ink-secondary">{command}</pre>
                       </div>
                     ) : (
                       <div className="mt-4">
-                        <p className="max-w-[560px] text-[10.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">The private URL is shown once. Generate a replacement to copy your webhook command; any older command for this webhook will stop working.</p>
-                        <button disabled={Boolean(working) || !ingress?.available} onClick={() => void createAndCopyCommand(selected)} className="mt-3 flex items-center gap-2 rounded-xl bg-accent px-3.5 py-2.5 text-[12px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110 disabled:opacity-40">{working === `${selected.id}:command` ? <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" /> : <RotateCw size={14} />}Generate new private URL</button>
+                        <p className="max-w-[560px] text-[10.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">{t("The private URL is shown once. Generate a replacement to copy your webhook command; any older command for this webhook will stop working.")}</p>
+                        <button disabled={Boolean(working) || !ingress?.available} onClick={() => void createAndCopyCommand(selected)} className="mt-3 flex items-center gap-2 rounded-xl bg-accent px-3.5 py-2.5 text-[12px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110 disabled:opacity-40">{working === `${selected.id}:command` ? <Loader2 size={14} className="animate-spin" /> : <RotateCw size={14} />}{t("Generate new private URL")}</button>
                       </div>
                     )}
-                    <div className="mt-3 flex items-start gap-2 text-[10.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary"><Laptop size={12} className="mt-0.5 shrink-0" /><span>Local only for now. Keep OpenMausBot open while sending the request.</span></div>
+                    <div className="mt-3 flex items-start gap-2 text-[10.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary"><Laptop size={12} className="mt-0.5 shrink-0" /><span>{t("Local only for now. Keep OpenMausBot open while sending the request.")}</span></div>
 
-                    {selected.verificationSample && !selected.enabled && <div className="mt-5 flex flex-wrap items-center justify-between gap-3 border-y border-success/20 bg-success/5 px-3.5 py-3"><div><div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[11.5px] font-medium text-success"><Check size={13} />Request received</div><p className="mt-1 max-w-[520px] truncate font-mono text-[10px] text-ink-secondary">{selected.verificationSample.preview || "Empty payload"}</p></div><button disabled={Boolean(working)} onClick={() => void invoke(selected, "toggle")} className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-accent px-3 py-2 text-[11px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110"><Play size={12} />Turn on</button></div>}
+                    {selected.verificationSample && !selected.enabled && <div className="mt-5 flex flex-wrap items-center justify-between gap-3 border-y border-success/20 bg-success/5 px-3.5 py-3"><div><div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-[11.5px] font-medium text-success"><Check size={13} />{t("Request received")}</div><p className="mt-1 max-w-[520px] truncate font-mono text-[10px] text-ink-secondary">{selected.verificationSample.preview || t("Empty payload")}</p></div><button disabled={Boolean(working)} onClick={() => void invoke(selected, "toggle")} className="flex items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg bg-accent px-3 py-2 text-[11px] font-medium text-white hover:brightness-110"><Play size={12} />{t("Turn on")}</button></div>}
 
                     <div className="mt-7 border-t border-hairline/35 pt-5">
-                      <div className="grid gap-4 text-[11.5px] sm:grid-cols-2"><div><div className="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">Tasks go to</div><div className="mt-1.5 font-medium text-ink">{selectedBot?.name ?? "Deleted MAUS"}</div></div><div><div className="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">Runs on</div><div className="mt-1.5 font-medium text-ink">{selected.runOn === "cloud" ? "Cloud VM" : "This computer"}</div></div></div>
+                      <div className="grid gap-4 text-[11.5px] sm:grid-cols-2"><div><div className="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">{t("Tasks go to")}</div><div className="mt-1.5 font-medium text-ink">{selectedBot?.name ?? t("Deleted MAUS")}</div></div><div><div className="text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wider text-ink-secondary">{t("Runs on")}</div><div className="mt-1.5 font-medium text-ink">{t(selected.runOn === "cloud" ? "Cloud VM" : "This computer")}</div></div></div>
                     </div>
 
-                    <details className="group mt-5 border-t border-hairline/35 pt-4"><summary className="flex cursor-pointer list-none items-center justify-between text-[11.5px] font-medium text-ink"><span>Advanced</span><ChevronDown size={14} className="text-ink-secondary transition-transform group-open:rotate-180" /></summary><div className="mt-4 space-y-3 text-[10.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">{selected.prompt ? <p><span className="font-medium text-ink">Default instruction:</span> {selected.prompt}</p> : <p>The task or message sent with each request becomes the MAUS instruction.</p>}{selected.eventTypes?.length ? <p><span className="font-medium text-ink">Accepted events:</span> {selected.eventTypes.join(", ")}</p> : <p>All event types are accepted.</p>}<button onClick={() => setEditor(selected)} className="rounded-lg border border-hairline/50 px-3 py-2 text-[11px] font-medium text-ink hover:bg-raised">Edit settings</button></div></details>
+                    <details className="group mt-5 border-t border-hairline/35 pt-4"><summary className="flex cursor-pointer list-none items-center justify-between text-[11.5px] font-medium text-ink"><span>{t("Advanced")}</span><ChevronDown size={14} className="text-ink-secondary transition-transform group-open:rotate-180" /></summary><div className="mt-4 space-y-3 text-[10.5px] leading-relaxed text-ink-secondary">{selected.prompt ? <p><span className="font-medium text-ink">{t("Default instruction:")}</span> {selected.prompt}</p> : <p>{t("The task or message sent with each request becomes the MAUS instruction.")}</p>}{selected.eventTypes?.length ? <p><span className="font-medium text-ink">{t("Accepted events:")}</span> {selected.eventTypes.join(", ")}</p> : <p>{t("All event types are accepted.")}</p>}<button onClick={() => setEditor(selected)} className="rounded-lg border border-hairline/50 px-3 py-2 text-[11px] font-medium text-ink hover:bg-raised">{t("Edit settings")}</button></div></details>
                   </div>
                 </div>
               ) : (
                 <div className="px-5 py-5 md:px-7">
-                  <div className="mb-3"><h4 className="text-[13px] font-semibold text-ink">Recent deliveries</h4><p className="mt-1 text-[10.5px] text-ink-secondary">Accepted and rejected requests update automatically.</p></div>
+                  <div className="mb-3"><h4 className="text-[13px] font-semibold text-ink">{t("Recent deliveries")}</h4><p className="mt-1 text-[10.5px] text-ink-secondary">{t("Accepted and rejected requests update automatically.")}</p></div>
                   <div className="border-t border-hairline/35">
-                    {activity.length === 0 ? <div className="px-2 py-12 text-center text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">No requests yet. Use the command in Setup to send one.</div> : activity.map((item) => (
+                    {activity.length === 0 ? <div className="px-2 py-12 text-center text-[11.5px] text-ink-secondary">{t("No requests yet. Use the command in Setup to send one.")}</div> : activity.map((item) => (
                       <div key={item.id} className="flex items-center gap-2.5 border-b border-hairline/25 px-1 py-3.5">
                         <span className={cn("size-2 shrink-0 rounded-full", item.outcome === "rejected" || item.run?.status === "failed" ? "bg-danger" : item.run && ["queued", "running", "waiting"].includes(item.run.status) ? "animate-pulse bg-accent" : item.outcome === "ignored" || item.outcome === "duplicate" ? "bg-ink-secondary/50" : "bg-success")} />
-                        <div className="min-w-0 flex-1"><div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[11.5px]"><span className="truncate font-medium text-ink">{item.eventName}</span><span className="shrink-0 text-ink-secondary">· {relativeTime(item.at)}</span></div><div className="mt-0.5 truncate font-mono text-[10px] text-ink-secondary/85">{item.reason || item.preview || "Empty payload"}</div></div>
-                        <span className={cn("shrink-0 text-[10px] font-medium", outcomeTone(item.outcome, item.run))}>{outcomeLabel(item.outcome, item.run)}</span>
-                        {item.run?.threadId && selectedBot && <button onClick={() => { dispatch({ type: "select", id: selectedBot.id }); dispatch({ type: "switchTask", botId: selectedBot.id, threadId: item.run!.threadId! }); }} className="flex shrink-0 items-center gap-1 rounded-lg px-2 py-1 text-[10.5px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink" title="Open this execution in the MAUS chat"><ExternalLink size={11} />Open chat</button>}
+                        <div className="min-w-0 flex-1"><div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-[11.5px]"><span className="truncate font-medium text-ink">{item.eventName}</span><span className="shrink-0 text-ink-secondary">· {relativeTime(item.at, locale, t)}</span></div><div className="mt-0.5 truncate font-mono text-[10px] text-ink-secondary/85">{item.reason || item.preview || t("Empty payload")}</div></div>
+                        <span className={cn("shrink-0 text-[10px] font-medium", outcomeTone(item.outcome, item.run))}>{t(outcomeLabel(item.outcome, item.run))}</span>
+                        {item.run?.threadId && selectedBot && <button onClick={() => { dispatch({ type: "select", id: selectedBot.id }); dispatch({ type: "switchTask", botId: selectedBot.id, threadId: item.run!.threadId! }); }} className="flex shrink-0 items-center gap-1 rounded-lg px-2 py-1 text-[10.5px] text-ink-secondary hover:bg-raised hover:text-ink" title={t("Open this execution in the MAUS chat")}><ExternalLink size={11} />{t("Open chat")}</button>}
                       </div>
                     ))}
                   </div>
diff --git a/src/lib/desktop.test.ts b/src/lib/desktop.test.ts
index d08fc45cf..ef67b75b6 100644
--- a/src/lib/desktop.test.ts
+++ b/src/lib/desktop.test.ts
@@ -35,6 +35,17 @@ afterEach(() => {
 });
 
 describe("desktop capability cache", () => {
+  it("uses the active locale when dictation ends", async () => {
+    const { dictationError } = await import("./desktop");
+    const translator = { current: (source: string) => source };
+
+    translator.current = (source) => source === "Dictation is only available on macOS for now."
+      ? "听写功能目前仅支持 macOS。"
+      : source;
+
+    expect(dictationError(2, translator.current)).toBe("听写功能目前仅支持 macOS。");
+  });
+
   it("does not let an older initial query replace a newer IPC update", async () => {
     let resolveInitial!: (value: DesktopCapabilities) => void;
     const initial = new Promise<DesktopCapabilities>((resolve) => {
diff --git a/src/lib/desktop.ts b/src/lib/desktop.ts
index 2751e152b..6fee65c83 100644
--- a/src/lib/desktop.ts
+++ b/src/lib/desktop.ts
@@ -33,6 +33,14 @@ export function browserDesktopCapabilities(): DesktopCapabilities {
   return browserCapabilities;
 }
 
+export function dictationError(code: number | null, t: (source: string) => string): string | null {
+  if (code === 2) return t("Dictation is only available on macOS for now.");
+  if (code === 1) {
+    return t("Dictation needs Microphone + Speech Recognition access — System Settings → Privacy & Security.");
+  }
+  return null;
+}
+
 export function initialDesktopCapabilities(): DesktopCapabilities {
   const platform = window.ogb?.platform;
   if (!platform) return browserCapabilities;
diff --git a/src/lib/group-routing.ts b/src/lib/group-routing.ts
index 9d1a9878a..6bb6b3b43 100644
--- a/src/lib/group-routing.ts
+++ b/src/lib/group-routing.ts
@@ -23,8 +23,7 @@ export function groupResponseHint(group: Group, members: Bot[]): string {
   const value = effectiveDefaultResponder(group, members);
   if (value.kind === "everyone") return "Everyone responds unless you @mention specific bots.";
   if (value.kind === "mentions") return "Mention a bot with @ to bring them in.";
-  const name = defaultResponderName(group, members) ?? "The lead bot";
-  return `${name} responds by default — @mention someone else to choose them instead.`;
+  return "{name} responds by default — @mention someone else to choose them instead.";
 }
 
 export function groupComposerHint(group: Group, members: Bot[]): string {
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ export function groupComposerHint(group: Group, members: Bot[]): string {
   const value = effectiveDefaultResponder(group, members);
   if (value.kind === "everyone") return "everyone responds";
   if (value.kind === "mentions") return "@ to bring a bot in";
-  return `${defaultResponderName(group, members) ?? "Lead"} responds`;
+  return "{name} responds";
 }
 
 /** Same routing sendGroup uses: explicit @mentions win, otherwise the
diff --git a/src/lib/i18n-context.tsx b/src/lib/i18n-context.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..df1d99500
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/i18n-context.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import { createContext, useContext, useMemo, useState, type ReactNode } from "react";
+import {
+  applyLocale,
+  readLocale,
+  saveLocale,
+  translate,
+  type LocaleId,
+  type TranslationValues,
+} from "./i18n";
+
+type I18nValue = {
+  locale: LocaleId;
+  setLocale: (locale: LocaleId) => void;
+  t: (source: string, values?: TranslationValues) => string;
+};
+
+const FALLBACK_I18N: I18nValue = {
+  locale: "en",
+  setLocale() {},
+  t: (source, values) => translate("en", source, values),
+};
+
+const I18nContext = createContext<I18nValue>(FALLBACK_I18N);
+
+export function I18nProvider({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {
+  const [locale, setLocaleState] = useState(readLocale);
+  const value = useMemo<I18nValue>(() => ({
+    locale,
+    setLocale(next) {
+      applyLocale(next);
+      saveLocale(next);
+      setLocaleState(next);
+    },
+    t: (source, values) => translate(locale, source, values),
+  }), [locale]);
+
+  return <I18nContext.Provider value={value}>{children}</I18nContext.Provider>;
+}
+
+export function useI18n(): I18nValue {
+  return useContext(I18nContext);
+}
diff --git a/src/lib/i18n.test.ts b/src/lib/i18n.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e1dc3b4cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/i18n.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { DEFAULT_LOCALE, readLocale, saveLocale, translate } from "./i18n";
+
+function memoryStorage(value?: string): Storage {
+  const data = new Map<string, string>();
+  if (value !== undefined) data.set("omb-locale", value);
+  return {
+    get length() { return data.size; },
+    clear: () => data.clear(),
+    getItem: (key) => data.get(key) ?? null,
+    key: (index) => [...data.keys()][index] ?? null,
+    removeItem: (key) => { data.delete(key); },
+    setItem: (key, next) => { data.set(key, next); },
+  };
+}
+
+describe("i18n", () => {
+  it("persists supported locales and rejects stale values", () => {
+    const storage = memoryStorage();
+    saveLocale("zh-CN", storage);
+    expect(readLocale(storage)).toBe("zh-CN");
+    expect(readLocale(memoryStorage("not-a-locale"))).toBe(DEFAULT_LOCALE);
+  });
+
+  it("translates, interpolates, and falls back to English source copy", () => {
+    expect(translate("zh-CN", "Nothing matches “{query}”", { query: "测试" })).toBe("没有与“测试”匹配的内容");
+    expect(translate("zh-CN", "Untranslated copy")).toBe("Untranslated copy");
+    expect(translate("en", "Version {version}", { version: 2 })).toBe("Version 2");
+  });
+});
diff --git a/src/lib/i18n.ts b/src/lib/i18n.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..561ab3b2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib/i18n.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+import { zhCN } from "@/locales/zh-CN";
+
+export const LOCALES = [
+  { id: "en", name: "English" },
+  { id: "zh-CN", name: "简体中文" },
+] as const;
+
+export type LocaleId = (typeof LOCALES)[number]["id"];
+export type TranslationValues = Record<string, string | number>;
+
+export const DEFAULT_LOCALE: LocaleId = "en";
+const STORAGE_KEY = "omb-locale";
+const messages: Partial<Record<LocaleId, Record<string, string>>> = { "zh-CN": zhCN };
+
+function isLocaleId(value: unknown): value is LocaleId {
+  return LOCALES.some((locale) => locale.id === value);
+}
+
+function browserStorage(): Storage | undefined {
+  try {
+    return typeof localStorage === "undefined" ? undefined : localStorage;
+  } catch {
+    return undefined;
+  }
+}
+
+export function readLocale(storage: Storage | undefined = browserStorage()): LocaleId {
+  try {
+    const stored = storage?.getItem(STORAGE_KEY);
+    return isLocaleId(stored) ? stored : DEFAULT_LOCALE;
+  } catch {
+    return DEFAULT_LOCALE;
+  }
+}
+
+export function saveLocale(locale: LocaleId, storage: Storage | undefined = browserStorage()): void {
+  try {
+    storage?.setItem(STORAGE_KEY, locale);
+  } catch {
+    // A locked-down renderer may reject storage; the in-memory choice still works.
+  }
+}
+
+export function applyLocale(locale: LocaleId): void {
+  if (typeof document !== "undefined") document.documentElement.lang = locale;
+}
+
+export function translate(locale: LocaleId, source: string, values: TranslationValues = {}): string {
+  const template = messages[locale]?.[source] ?? source;
+  return template.replace(/\{(\w+)\}/g, (match, name: string) =>
+    Object.hasOwn(values, name) ? String(values[name]) : match,
+  );
+}
diff --git a/src/locales/zh-CN.ts b/src/locales/zh-CN.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..614c19be6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/locales/zh-CN.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,1028 @@
+// Keys are the English source copy shown by the app. Keeping English as the
+// fallback means a new UI string remains readable even before translators add
+// it here, and adding another language is one file plus one registry entry.
+export const zhCN = {
+  "Language": "语言",
+  "Choose the language used by OpenMausBot.": "选择 OpenMausBot 使用的界面语言。",
+  "Settings": "设置",
+  "General": "通用",
+  "Connections": "连接",
+  "Engines": "引擎",
+  "Companion": "伴侣设备",
+  "Local VM": "本地虚拟机",
+  "Close settings": "关闭设置",
+  "Profile": "个人资料",
+  "Shown in the sidebar. Saved as you go.": "显示在侧边栏中，修改后自动保存。",
+  "Your name": "你的名字",
+  "Skin": "主题",
+  "Applies instantly and is remembered on this machine.": "立即应用，并保存在这台设备上。",
+  "Room turns": "房间轮次",
+  "Set one maximum duration for every bot turn in a room.": "设置房间内每个 Bot 单次回复的最长时间。",
+  "Maximum turn length": "最长轮次时间",
+  "minutes": "分钟",
+  "Applies to every bot turn in rooms. Direct chats use the inactivity watchdog instead.": "应用于房间内每个 Bot 的每轮回复。直接对话仍使用无活动监测机制。",
+  "Updates": "更新",
+  "Checking…": "正在检查…",
+  "{version} available": "发现新版本 {version}",
+  "Downloading {percent}%": "正在下载 {percent}%",
+  "{version} ready — restart to apply": "{version} 已就绪，重启后应用",
+  "Check failed: {message}": "检查失败：{message}",
+  "unknown error": "未知错误",
+  "You're on the latest version we know of.": "当前已是最新版本。",
+  "Download": "下载",
+  "Restart and install": "重启并安装",
+  "Check for updates": "检查更新",
+  "Usage analytics": "使用情况分析",
+  "Anonymous product events — app opened, which features get used. Never conversations, prompts, file contents, or bot output. Your email is only attached if you shared it during setup.": "匿名产品事件，包括应用启动和功能使用情况。绝不包含对话、提示词、文件内容或 Bot 输出。只有你在设置时主动提供邮箱，才会关联邮箱。",
+  "Send usage analytics": "发送使用情况分析",
+  "Connected apps work automatically in the installed app. Other optional service keys stay on this computer.": "已连接的应用会在桌面版中自动工作，其他可选服务密钥只保存在这台设备上。",
+  "Connected apps service is ready": "已连接应用服务已就绪",
+  "Self-host connected apps": "自托管已连接应用",
+  "Engine CLIs": "引擎命令行工具",
+  "Which binary each engine runs. Saved as you go.": "设置各引擎使用的可执行文件，修改后自动保存。",
+  "Open bot list": "打开 Bot 列表",
+  "No bots yet": "还没有 Bot",
+  "Connecting to the bot server…": "正在连接 Bot 服务…",
+  "Start it with": "使用以下命令启动：",
+  "Bots and navigation": "Bot 与导航",
+  "Expand sidebar": "展开侧边栏",
+  "Collapse sidebar to avatars": "将侧边栏折叠为头像",
+  "Collapse to avatars": "折叠为头像",
+  "Choose sidebar density": "选择侧边栏密度",
+  "Sidebar density": "侧边栏密度",
+  "Comfortable": "舒适",
+  "Compact": "紧凑",
+  "Avatars only": "仅头像",
+  "New or share": "新建或分享",
+  "New Bot": "新建 Bot",
+  "New Room": "新建房间",
+  "Exporting…": "正在导出…",
+  "Export all bots": "导出所有 Bot",
+  "Teams": "团队",
+  "Archived bots": "已归档的 Bot",
+  "Search": "搜索",
+  "Search bots and messages": "搜索 Bot 和消息",
+  "Nothing matches “{query}”": "没有与“{query}”匹配的内容",
+  "Tasks and routines": "任务和例程",
+  "Tasks & routines": "任务和例程",
+  "Routines start fresh agent tasks on a schedule.": "例程会按计划为 Agent 创建全新任务。",
+  "Webhooks start fresh agent tasks when an event arrives.": "事件到达时，Webhook 会为 Agent 创建全新任务。",
+  "Connected apps": "已连接的应用",
+  "App settings": "应用设置",
+  "You": "你",
+  "Undo": "撤销",
+  "Waiting for you…": "正在等待你…",
+  "Working…": "正在处理…",
+  "Screen frame": "屏幕画面",
+  "A bot is working…": "一个 Bot 正在处理…",
+  "{name} is working…": "{name} 正在处理…",
+  "No messages yet": "还没有消息",
+  "You: {text}": "你：{text}",
+  "Version {version} available — download": "发现新版本 {version}，点击下载",
+  "Starting download…": "正在开始下载…",
+  "Downloading… {percent}%": "正在下载… {percent}%",
+  "Version {version} ready — restart to update": "版本 {version} 已就绪，点击重启更新",
+  "Restarting to update…": "正在重启并更新…",
+  "Checking for updates…": "正在检查更新…",
+  "You're up to date": "当前已是最新版本",
+  "Rename {name}": "重命名 {name}",
+  "Save room name": "保存房间名称",
+  "Save": "保存",
+  "Cancel room rename": "取消重命名房间",
+  "Cancel": "取消",
+  "Rename Room": "重命名房间",
+  "Copy conversation ID": "复制对话 ID",
+  "Delete Room": "删除房间",
+  "Room name (optional)": "房间名称（可选）",
+  "Create a bot first — rooms are made of bots.": "请先创建一个 Bot，房间由 Bot 组成。",
+  "Create Room": "创建房间",
+  "{count} bots": "{count} 个 Bot",
+  "Move to section": "移动到分组",
+  "New section…": "新建分组…",
+  "New section name": "新分组名称",
+  "Add": "添加",
+  "Remove from section": "移出分组",
+  "Choose another Chief of Staff first": "请先选择另一位首席助理",
+  "Keep at least one active bot": "至少保留一个启用的 Bot",
+  "Pin": "置顶",
+  "Remove Chief of Staff": "取消首席助理",
+  "Make Chief of Staff": "设为首席助理",
+  "Choose a Claude or ACP engine first": "请先选择 Claude 或 ACP 引擎",
+  "Mark as Unread": "标为未读",
+  "Edit Profile": "编辑资料",
+  "Duplicate": "复制",
+  "Archive": "归档",
+  "Delete": "删除",
+  "Chief of Staff": "首席助理",
+  "Archive {name}": "归档 {name}",
+  "{name} restored": "已恢复 {name}",
+  "{count} bots restored": "已恢复 {count} 个 Bot",
+  "Conversations are kept until you choose to delete a bot.": "对话会一直保留，直到你选择删除 Bot。",
+  "Restore all": "全部恢复",
+  "Close archived bots": "关闭已归档 Bot",
+  "{count} archived": "已归档 {count} 个",
+  "Bot": "Bot",
+  "Restore": "恢复",
+  "{count} bots exported": "已导出 {count} 个 Bot",
+  "Previous team restored": "已恢复之前的团队",
+  "{name} archived": "已归档 {name}",
+  "{name} loaded · {count} bots": "已加载 {name} · {count} 个 Bot",
+  "A bot": "一个 Bot",
+  "The bot": "Bot",
+  "The selected responder does not support image attachments.": "所选回复者不支持图片附件。",
+  "Dictation is only available on macOS for now.": "听写功能目前仅支持 macOS。",
+  "Dictation needs Microphone + Speech Recognition access — System Settings → Privacy & Security.": "听写需要麦克风和语音识别权限，请前往“系统设置 → 隐私与安全性”开启。",
+  "Dictation isn't available in this build.": "当前版本不支持听写。",
+  "Queued — sends when {name} finishes: “{message}”": "已排队，将在 {name} 完成后发送：“{message}”",
+  "Discard queued message": "丢弃排队消息",
+  "Tag a bot": "提及 Bot",
+  "Agent": "Agent",
+  "Room": "房间",
+  "Answer the approval above to continue": "请先处理上方的授权请求",
+  "Listening…": "正在聆听…",
+  "{name} is working — Enter sends this into the running turn": "{name} 正在处理，按 Enter 将消息发送到当前轮次",
+  "{name} is working — Enter queues your message": "{name} 正在处理，按 Enter 将消息加入队列",
+  "{name} is working — sends when this turn finishes": "{name} 正在处理，消息将在当前轮次结束后发送",
+  "Message {name} — {hint}": "发送消息到 {name} — {hint}",
+  "Message {name}": "发送消息到 {name}",
+  "continue the conversation": "继续对话",
+  "everyone responds": "所有 Bot 都会回复",
+  "@ to bring a bot in": "使用 @ 邀请 Bot 回复",
+  "Stop this turn": "停止当前轮次",
+  "Stop": "停止",
+  "Stop dictation": "停止听写",
+  "Start dictation": "开始听写",
+  "Stop dictation (Esc)": "停止听写（Esc）",
+  "Dictate": "听写",
+  "Send into the running turn": "发送到当前轮次",
+  "Queue message": "将消息加入队列",
+  "Send message": "发送消息",
+  "Sends when the current turn finishes": "在当前轮次结束后发送",
+  "Send": "发送",
+  "Today": "今天",
+  "Yesterday": "昨天",
+  "Copy message": "复制消息",
+  "Thinking…": "正在思考…",
+  "Thought process": "思考过程",
+  "Retry": "重试",
+  "Edit message": "编辑消息",
+  "Unpin message": "取消置顶消息",
+  "Pin message": "置顶消息",
+  "Unpin this message": "取消置顶此消息",
+  "Pin this message to the top of the thread": "将此消息置顶到对话顶部",
+  "Webhook task": "Webhook 任务",
+  "View event payload": "查看事件数据",
+  "Attached image": "附加图片",
+  "Sent while the bot was working — it saw this before its next step, inside the same turn.": "此消息在 Bot 处理过程中发送，Bot 会在同一轮次的下一步之前看到它。",
+  "sent mid-turn": "已在轮次中发送",
+  "Show full message": "显示完整消息",
+  "Show less": "收起",
+  "Regenerate response": "重新生成回复",
+  "Queued — sends when this turn finishes": "已排队，将在当前轮次结束后发送",
+  "Previous version": "上一个版本",
+  "Next version": "下一个版本",
+  "Open the conversation with {name}": "打开与 {name} 的对话",
+  "Bot's screen": "Bot 的屏幕",
+  "Working for {seconds}s": "已处理 {seconds} 秒",
+  "Send a message to start the conversation.": "发送消息以开始对话。",
+  "Jump to the pinned message": "跳转到置顶消息",
+  "Unpin": "取消置顶",
+  "Open agent profile": "打开 Agent 资料",
+  "Open {name}'s profile": "打开 {name} 的资料",
+  "Bot's computer": "Bot 的电脑",
+  "Inspector": "检查器",
+  "Inspector — runtime events and raw protocol for this thread": "检查器 — 查看此对话的运行时事件和原始协议",
+  "Conversation with {name}": "与 {name} 的对话",
+  "Show earlier messages ({count} more)": "显示更早的消息（还有 {count} 条）",
+  "Show later messages ({count} more)": "显示更晚的消息（还有 {count} 条）",
+  "Setting up this bot's computer…": "正在设置此 Bot 的电脑…",
+  "Jump to latest messages": "跳转到最新消息",
+  "Jump to latest": "跳转到最新",
+  "Working folder: {folder}": "工作目录：{folder}",
+  "Pin this message to the top of the room": "将此消息置顶到房间顶部",
+  "Plain messages go to every room member; @mentions override this": "普通消息会发送给房间内所有成员，@ 提及会覆盖此设置",
+  "Only explicitly @mentioned bots respond": "只有被明确 @ 提及的 Bot 才会回复",
+  "Plain messages go to {name}; @mentions override this": "普通消息会发送给 {name}，@ 提及会覆盖此设置",
+  "the lead bot": "首席 Bot",
+  "Default responder": "默认回复者",
+  "Room lead": "房间负责人",
+  "Lead: {name}": "负责人：{name}",
+  "Room behavior": "房间行为",
+  "Everyone responds": "所有成员回复",
+  "Mentions only": "仅被提及者回复",
+  "Working folder": "工作目录",
+  "Where every bot in this room runs its shell and file tools.": "房间内所有 Bot 都会在此目录中运行命令和文件工具。",
+  "Each bot's own folder": "每个 Bot 各自的目录",
+  "Fixed after this room's first turn. Create a new room and choose its folder before sending the first message to work somewhere else.": "房间首次运行后目录将固定。如需更换，请新建房间并在发送第一条消息前选择目录。",
+  "Choose…": "选择…",
+  "Clear": "清除",
+  "Each bot's own folder — or an absolute path": "每个 Bot 各自的目录，或输入绝对路径",
+  "Room working folder": "房间工作目录",
+  "{name} — working…": "{name} — 正在处理…",
+  "Room instructions — every bot in this room follows them (who does what, tone, goals, a task checklist…)": "房间说明 — 此房间中的每个 Bot 都会遵循（分工、语气、目标、任务清单等）",
+  "Room bulletin — shared instructions for every bot here": "房间公告 — 所有 Bot 共享的说明",
+  "Add room instructions…": "添加房间说明…",
+  "Room {name}": "房间 {name}",
+  "Reply here to continue the bot-to-bot conversation.": "在这里回复以继续 Bot 之间的对话。",
+  "Everyone responds unless you @mention specific bots.": "所有 Bot 都会回复，除非你 @ 提及特定 Bot。",
+  "Mention a bot with @ to bring them in.": "使用 @ 提及 Bot 以邀请其加入。",
+  "The original. Cool and dark.": "经典风格，冷静深邃。",
+  "Daylight on paper, warm and quiet.": "纸张般的日光，温暖安静。",
+  "Night shift. Dark, warm, lit in brass.": "夜班氛围，深色温暖，以黄铜点亮。",
+  "Cool daylight. Porcelain and deep teal.": "冷色日光，瓷白与深青。",
+  "Usage": "用量",
+  "Tokens and cost per bot, added up from every settled turn. Only engines that report a price show one.": "汇总每个 Bot 已完成轮次的 Token 和成本；仅显示引擎上报的价格。",
+  "Nothing spent yet — figures appear after a bot's first turn.": "暂无用量，Bot 完成第一个轮次后会显示统计。",
+  "Turns": "轮次",
+  "Tokens": "Token",
+  "Cost": "成本",
+  "All bots": "全部 Bot",
+  "Cost is {description}.": "成本{description}。",
+  "equivalent — on your subscription, not billed": "为订阅额度的等值估算，并非实际扣费",
+  "billed to your API key": "将计入你的 API 密钥账单",
+  "as reported by the engine": "以引擎上报值为准",
+  "as each engine reports it — on a subscription it's an equivalent, not a charge": "按各引擎上报值计算；订阅模式下为等值估算，并非实际扣费",
+  "The companion runs as its own process, which only the desktop app can start. Open OpenMausBot on this computer to turn it on.": "伴侣设备服务作为独立进程运行，仅桌面应用可以启动。请在此电脑上打开 OpenMausBot 后启用。",
+  "Loading…": "正在加载…",
+  "Let a phone open your chats, answer approvals, and send new work. Off by default: your bots run commands on this computer, so only pair a device you trust, on a network you trust.": "允许手机查看对话、处理授权并发送新任务。此功能默认关闭；Bot 会在此电脑上执行命令，请只在可信网络中配对可信设备。",
+  "On": "开启",
+  "Off": "关闭",
+  "Nothing on this computer is reachable from the network.": "网络无法访问此电脑上的任何内容。",
+  "Listening on port {port} — no network address yet.": "正在监听端口 {port}，尚未获得网络地址。",
+  "Enter {address}:{port} on your phone — that works from anywhere on your tailnet, on any network.": "在手机上输入 {address}:{port}，即可从 Tailnet 内的任意网络访问。",
+  "Your phone will find this computer as \"{name}\", or you can enter {address}:{port}.": "手机会以“{name}”发现此电脑，也可以输入 {address}:{port}。",
+  "Listening on {address}:{port} — enter that on your phone.": "正在监听 {address}:{port}，请在手机上输入该地址。",
+  "On this network only: {address}:{port}": "仅限当前网络：{address}:{port}",
+  "You're on a tailnet, but this computer's MagicDNS name couldn't be read from the Tailscale app — either MagicDNS is off, or the Tailscale command line tool isn't where we looked. iPhones can't connect to a bare tailnet address, so check the OpenMausBot log for which paths were tried.": "当前已连接 Tailnet，但无法从 Tailscale 读取此电脑的 MagicDNS 名称。可能是 MagicDNS 未启用，或未找到 Tailscale 命令行工具。iPhone 无法直接连接裸 Tailnet 地址，请在 OpenMausBot 日志中查看尝试过的路径。",
+  "Only reachable on this network. Install Tailscale on both this computer and your phone to reach it from anywhere — including networks that stop devices from seeing each other.": "目前仅能从当前网络访问。请在电脑和手机上安装 Tailscale，以便从任意网络访问，包括禁止设备互相发现的网络。",
+  "Connect a phone": "连接手机",
+  "Scan with your phone's Camera, then confirm in OpenMausMobile. You can also use the code manually.": "使用手机相机扫描，然后在 OpenMausMobile 中确认；也可以手动输入配对码。",
+  "Open OpenMausMobile, choose this computer, and enter the code.": "打开 OpenMausMobile，选择此电脑并输入配对码。",
+  "Open a short, single-use pairing window for a trusted phone.": "为可信手机开启一个短时有效的一次性配对窗口。",
+  "This turns on Companion and opens a short, single-use pairing window in one step.": "这会启用伴侣设备服务，并同时打开一个短时有效的一次性配对窗口。",
+  "Phone pairing QR code": "手机配对二维码",
+  "Manual code": "手动配对码",
+  "Expires in {seconds}s": "{seconds} 秒后过期",
+  "Or open the mobile app and choose “{name}” under On this network.": "也可以打开移动应用，在“当前网络”下选择“{name}”。",
+  "Preparing…": "正在准备…",
+  "Pair another phone": "配对另一部手机",
+  "Set up a phone": "设置手机",
+  "Paired devices": "已配对设备",
+  "Cloud desktop is full interactive access. Enable it only for a phone you trust; removing a device signs it out immediately.": "云桌面提供完整交互权限，仅应为可信手机启用；移除设备后会立即退出登录。",
+  "No phones are paired yet.": "尚未配对手机。",
+  "Last seen {time}": "上次在线：{time}",
+  "Cloud desktop": "云桌面",
+  "Cloud desktop access for {name}": "{name} 的云桌面访问权限",
+  "Remove {name}": "移除 {name}",
+  "just now": "刚刚",
+  "{count} min ago": "{count} 分钟前",
+  "{count} h ago": "{count} 小时前",
+  "{count} d ago": "{count} 天前",
+  "computer": "电脑",
+  "Private Cua Linux desktops on this {host}, with one container and durable workspace per bot. Distinct bots can work concurrently and idle desktops stop after 8 hours.": "在此 {host} 上为每个 Bot 提供独立的 Cua Linux 桌面、容器和持久工作区。不同 Bot 可并行工作，闲置桌面会在 8 小时后停止。",
+  "A shared Cua Linux sandbox on this {host} for bots to browse and work in — isolated, backed by one durable workspace, and automatically recycled after 8 hours without activity.": "此 {host} 上的共享 Cua Linux 沙箱，可供 Bot 浏览和工作；环境相互隔离，使用持久工作区，并在闲置 8 小时后自动回收。",
+  "Status unavailable": "状态不可用",
+  "Ready for per-bot desktops": "已可使用独立 Bot 桌面",
+  "Per-bot mode requires Docker or Podman": "独立 Bot 模式需要 Docker 或 Podman",
+  "Ready": "就绪",
+  "Not ready": "未就绪",
+  "Re-check": "重新检查",
+  "Watch screen": "查看屏幕",
+  "Isolation": "隔离方式",
+  "Shared keeps the original single-desktop behavior. Per bot gives each bot its own container, workspace, viewer port, lease, and idle timer.": "共享模式沿用单桌面行为；独立 Bot 模式为每个 Bot 分配各自的容器、工作区、查看端口、租约和闲置计时器。",
+  "Shared": "共享",
+  "Per bot": "每个 Bot 独立",
+  "Maximum per-bot desktops": "最多独立 Bot 桌面数",
+  "Limits storage and host resource use; each running desktop may use up to 4 GB and 2 CPUs.": "限制存储和主机资源占用；每个运行中的桌面最多可使用 4 GB 内存和 2 个 CPU。",
+  "Saving…": "正在保存…",
+  "Setup": "设置",
+  "Once a container runtime is open, OpenMausBot prepares Cua and the VM for you.": "容器运行时启动后，OpenMausBot 会为你准备 Cua 和虚拟机。",
+  "Install a container runtime": "安装容器运行时",
+  "Podman and Colima are free. Docker Desktop may require a paid licence for larger companies and government use.": "Podman 和 Colima 免费；大型企业和政府机构使用 Docker Desktop 可能需要付费许可证。",
+  "Open the Podman installation guide": "打开 Podman 安装指南",
+  "Open and start {runtime}": "打开并启动 {runtime}",
+  "Start the container runtime": "启动容器运行时",
+  "Open the installed runtime and start its engine, then re-check.": "打开已安装的运行时并启动其引擎，然后重新检查。",
+  "Prepare the Cua desktop (one-time download and build)": "准备 Cua 桌面（首次下载并构建）",
+  "Prepare Cua desktop": "准备 Cua 桌面",
+  "Show base-image download": "显示基础镜像下载命令",
+  "Create a private desktop from each bot's Computer panel": "在每个 Bot 的 Computer 面板中创建独立桌面",
+  "Replace the older or unsafe VM": "替换旧版或不安全的虚拟机",
+  "Create and start the Local VM": "创建并启动本地虚拟机",
+  "Apple container requires an explicit host port, so OpenMausBot will not guess or expose one. Install or start Docker or Podman for safe per-bot dynamic loopback ports.": "Apple container 需要明确指定主机端口，OpenMausBot 不会猜测或暴露端口。请安装或启动 Docker、Podman，以安全地为各 Bot 分配动态回环端口。",
+  "Choose Local VM for a bot, open that bot's Computer panel, then create its desktop there. OpenMausBot assigns a private workspace and an available loopback viewer port automatically.": "为 Bot 选择“本地虚拟机”，打开该 Bot 的 Computer 面板并创建桌面。OpenMausBot 会自动分配独立工作区和可用的回环查看端口。",
+  "Delete and recreate": "删除并重新创建",
+  "Prepare the pinned Cua desktop above before replacing this VM.": "替换虚拟机前，请先准备上方指定版本的 Cua 桌面。",
+  "Start Local VM": "启动本地虚拟机",
+  "Waiting for the desktop…": "正在等待桌面启动…",
+  "Create Local VM": "创建本地虚拟机",
+  "Show command": "显示命令",
+  "OpenMausBot could not inspect the container runtime. Re-check, or review the app logs.": "OpenMausBot 无法检查容器运行时。请重新检查或查看应用日志。",
+  "Safety and storage": "安全与存储",
+  "Cua Driver operates only each VM's desktop. Every bot gets a private host folder mounted at {path}; its files and browser profile survive VM replacement. Viewers bind only to loopback, and exact bot-derived targets prevent one bot from attaching to another bot's container. Each VM keeps the existing 4 GB, 2 CPU, 512-process and dropped-capability limits. VMs can still reach the internet.": "Cua Driver 仅操作各虚拟机的桌面。每个 Bot 都有挂载到 {path} 的独立主机文件夹，其中的文件和浏览器配置会在更换虚拟机后保留。查看器仅绑定回环地址，严格的 Bot 目标可防止跨容器连接。每台虚拟机限制为 4 GB 内存、2 个 CPU、512 个进程，并移除多余权限；虚拟机仍可访问互联网。",
+  "Cua Driver operates only the VM's desktop. Exactly one private host folder is mounted at {path}; files and browser sign-ins there survive VM replacement, while everything elsewhere in the VM remains disposable. The password-protected viewer is available only on this machine. Docker and Podman runs are limited to 4 GB memory, 2 CPUs and 512 processes; all Linux capabilities are dropped except the two the desktop supervisor needs to switch to its unprivileged user. The VM can still reach the internet, and bots share it one at a time.": "Cua Driver 仅操作虚拟机桌面。只有一个独立主机文件夹挂载到 {path}，其中的文件和浏览器登录会在更换虚拟机后保留，虚拟机其他内容均可丢弃。受密码保护的查看器仅能从本机访问。Docker 和 Podman 限制为 4 GB 内存、2 个 CPU 和 512 个进程，仅保留桌面管理程序切换到非特权用户所需的两项 Linux 权限。虚拟机仍可访问互联网，Bot 会依次共享使用。",
+  "Delete legacy shared VM": "删除旧版共享虚拟机",
+  "Delete VM": "删除虚拟机",
+  "Durable workspace": "持久工作区",
+  "Local image": "本地镜像",
+  "not created": "尚未创建",
+  "not prepared": "尚未准备",
+  "Status request failed ({status})": "状态请求失败（{status}）",
+  "Delete the Local VM? Files and browser sign-ins in its durable workspace will remain.": "确定删除本地虚拟机吗？持久工作区中的文件和浏览器登录信息会保留。",
+  "Replace the existing Local VM with the pinned image and safety limits? Files and browser sign-ins in its durable workspace will remain.": "确定使用指定镜像和安全限制替换现有本地虚拟机吗？持久工作区中的文件和浏览器登录信息会保留。",
+  "Could not save the Local VM isolation policy": "无法保存本地虚拟机隔离策略",
+  "Computer": "电脑",
+  "Bot settings": "Bot 设置",
+  "{name}'s screen": "{name} 的屏幕",
+  "this computer": "此电脑",
+  "self-hosted VPS": "自托管 VPS",
+  "Watch-only preview — use Open desktop to click and type": "仅供查看；请打开实时桌面进行点击和输入。",
+  "Waiting for the first frame…": "正在等待首个画面…",
+  "Capturing the Local VM screen…": "正在捕获本地虚拟机屏幕…",
+  "Ready for approved bot actions. Start the separate preview below when you want to watch the screen.": "已可执行获批的 Bot 操作。如需查看屏幕，请启动下方的独立预览。",
+  "No frames yet — the preview needs Screen Recording permission. After granting, relaunch the app.": "尚无画面；预览需要屏幕录制权限。授权后请重新启动应用。",
+  "Capturing this computer's screen…": "正在捕获此电脑的屏幕…",
+  "Open Settings": "打开设置",
+  "Create {name}'s VM": "创建 {name} 的虚拟机",
+  "Replace {name}'s VM": "替换 {name} 的虚拟机",
+  "Open Local VM setup": "打开本地虚拟机设置",
+  "Open VPS settings": "打开 VPS 设置",
+  "Start VPS computer": "启动 VPS 电脑",
+  "Add a Box API key to give this bot a cloud computer — it spins up right here.": "添加 Box API 密钥，为此 Bot 提供可在这里直接启动的云电脑。",
+  "Configure the VPS SSH alias in App Settings → Connections. Auto only reuses an existing ready container.": "请在“应用设置 → 连接”中配置 VPS SSH 别名。自动模式只会复用已就绪的容器。",
+  "{name} asked for your hands: {reason}": "{name} 请求你接管操作：{reason}",
+  "Take control": "接管控制",
+  "Dismiss": "忽略",
+  "You have the wheel — the bot's clicks and keystrokes are refused until you hand it back.": "你正在控制电脑；在交还控制权之前，Bot 的点击和键盘操作都会被拒绝。",
+  "Use Open desktop to drive.": "请打开实时桌面进行操作。",
+  "Use Open desktop to drive — the preview here is watch-only.": "请打开实时桌面进行操作；此处预览仅供查看。",
+  "Hand control back": "交还控制权",
+  "Open the Local VM's live desktop inside OpenMausBot": "在 OpenMausBot 中打开本地虚拟机实时桌面",
+  "Open live desktop": "打开实时桌面",
+  "Pause the bot's hands and open the Local VM's live desktop": "暂停 Bot 操作并打开本地虚拟机实时桌面",
+  "Stop this bot's turn before deleting its VM": "删除虚拟机前请先停止此 Bot 的当前轮次",
+  "Delete {name}'s Local VM": "删除 {name} 的本地虚拟机",
+  "Delete this bot's VM": "删除此 Bot 的虚拟机",
+  "Pause the bot's hands and drive this computer yourself": "暂停 Bot 操作并由你控制此电脑",
+  "Put the computer to sleep": "让电脑休眠",
+  "Sleep": "休眠",
+  "Runs on": "运行位置",
+  "Auto reuses a ready VPS when one is configured; otherwise computer use stays off. ": "自动复用已配置且就绪的 VPS，否则保持电脑功能关闭。",
+  "Auto reuses a ready VPS when one exists, otherwise this computer. ": "自动优先复用就绪的 VPS，否则使用此电脑。",
+  "Auto uses a cloud box when one exists, otherwise this computer. ": "自动优先使用现有云电脑，否则使用此电脑。",
+  "Auto uses a cloud box when one is configured; otherwise computer use stays off.": "配置云电脑后自动使用，否则保持电脑功能关闭。",
+  "Pick where this bot's computer lives. Local VM is a Cua-controlled Linux desktop in a container on this machine — free and separate from your own desktop. Set it up in App Settings → Local VM.": "选择此 Bot 的电脑运行位置。本地虚拟机是在本机容器中由 Cua 控制的 Linux 桌面，免费且与你自己的桌面隔离。可前往“应用设置 → 本地虚拟机”进行配置。",
+  "Cloud": "云端",
+  "This computer": "此电脑",
+  "Scheduled tasks": "计划任务",
+  "Schedule work for {name}. Use its current setup, or run the whole job inside its cloud VM.": "为 {name} 安排任务。可以沿用当前配置，也可以在其云端虚拟机中运行整个任务。",
+  "Scheduled tasks on this computer will not have desktop access while this is Off. Choose Cloud VM in the schedule editor to run the whole job there.": "此项关闭时，在本机运行的计划任务无法访问桌面。请在计划编辑器中选择云端虚拟机，以在那里运行整个任务。",
+  "needs you": "需要你处理",
+  "queued": "已排队",
+  "running": "运行中",
+  "waiting": "等待中",
+  "runs on VM": "在虚拟机中运行",
+  "Create schedule": "创建计划",
+  "Open schedules": "打开计划",
+  "Schedules": "计划",
+  "Every day": "每天",
+  "Weekdays": "工作日",
+  "Sun": "周日",
+  "Mon": "周一",
+  "Tue": "周二",
+  "Wed": "周三",
+  "Thu": "周四",
+  "Fri": "周五",
+  "Sat": "周六",
+  "Paused": "已暂停",
+  "{name}'s live desktop": "{name} 的实时桌面",
+  "Delete {name}'s Local VM? Its private durable workspace will remain.": "确定删除 {name} 的本地虚拟机吗？其独立持久工作区会保留。",
+  "Replace {name}'s Local VM? Its private durable workspace will remain.": "确定替换 {name} 的本地虚拟机吗？其独立持久工作区会保留。",
+  "Starting your bot's computer…": "正在启动 Bot 的电脑…",
+  "No cloud computer configured": "尚未配置云电脑",
+  "No managed VPS computer is configured for this bot": "尚未为此 Bot 配置托管 VPS 电脑",
+  "The managed VPS computer is stopped": "托管 VPS 电脑已停止",
+  "Local computer control isn't ready.": "本机控制尚未就绪。",
+  "The Local VM isn't available for this bot": "此 Bot 无法使用本地虚拟机",
+  "This bot's computer is off": "此 Bot 的电脑已关闭",
+  "Couldn't reach the computer": "无法连接电脑",
+  "The selected provider cannot request approvals for local computer actions.": "所选提供商无法请求本机操作授权。",
+  "Wayland local control is currently limited to GNOME. Xorg remains available on supported desktops.": "Wayland 本机控制目前仅支持 GNOME；受支持桌面仍可使用 Xorg。",
+  "Enable the local control beta and complete the Cua Driver checks first.": "请先启用本机控制 Beta 并完成 Cua Driver 检查。",
+  "Cua Driver is not ready for local control.": "Cua Driver 尚未准备好进行本机控制。",
+  "Local computer control requires the desktop app.": "本机控制需要桌面应用。",
+  "CUA Driver is not ready for local computer control.": "CUA Driver 尚未准备好进行本机控制。",
+  "Preview this computer": "预览此电脑",
+  "Preview only — starting a preview does not grant local control.": "仅供预览；启动预览不会授予本机控制权限。",
+  "Preview only": "仅预览",
+  "Live preview of the selected screen": "所选屏幕的实时预览",
+  "Checking screen preview…": "正在检查屏幕预览…",
+  "Sharing": "正在共享",
+  "Choose a screen…": "正在选择屏幕…",
+  "Stop preview": "停止预览",
+  "Try again": "重试",
+  "Choose a screen": "选择屏幕",
+  "Start preview": "开始预览",
+  "Start a private, view-only preview when you need it.": "需要时可启动私密的只读预览。",
+  "Screen selection was cancelled. Nothing is being shared.": "已取消选择屏幕，当前未共享任何内容。",
+  "Screen sharing ended. Nothing is being shared.": "屏幕共享已结束，当前未共享任何内容。",
+  "Screen preview isn't available in this desktop session.": "当前桌面会话无法使用屏幕预览。",
+  "Couldn't start screen preview.": "无法启动屏幕预览。",
+  "Waiting for screen selection…": "正在等待选择屏幕…",
+  "Selected screen": "所选屏幕",
+  "Couldn't display screen preview.": "无法显示屏幕预览。",
+  "Preview active. Previewing does not grant local control; local actions still require approval.": "预览已启动。预览不会授予本机控制权限，本机操作仍需授权。",
+  "Local control": "本机控制",
+  "Needs attention": "需要处理",
+  "Enabling lets bots you explicitly assign to This computer inspect the active desktop and request mouse or keyboard actions. Every local action asks you first.": "启用后，明确分配到“此电脑”的 Bot 可以检查当前桌面，并请求鼠标或键盘操作。每项本机操作都会先征得你的同意。",
+  " GNOME may also ask you to allow foreground input for this desktop session.": " GNOME 还可能要求你允许当前桌面会话接收前台输入。",
+  "Ready for bots explicitly assigned to this computer.": "已可供明确分配到此电脑的 Bot 使用。",
+  "Checking the driver and desktop session…": "正在检查驱动和桌面会话…",
+  "Bundled Cua Driver": "内置 Cua Driver",
+  "Enable local control (Beta)": "启用本机控制（Beta）",
+  "Disable local control": "关闭本机控制",
+  "Local control guide": "本机控制指南",
+  "Driver setup and troubleshooting": "驱动设置与故障排除",
+  "Allow control of this computer": "允许控制此电脑",
+  "OpenMausBot needs Accessibility and Screen Recording in System Settings before a bot can use this Mac. After you grant both, click Retry — macOS may still ask you to relaunch the app.": "Bot 使用此 Mac 前，OpenMausBot 需要在系统设置中获得辅助功能和屏幕录制权限。授予两项权限后请点击“重试”；macOS 仍可能要求重启应用。",
+  "Open System Settings": "打开系统设置",
+  "Allow Auto mode on this computer?": "允许在此电脑上使用自动模式吗？",
+  "Auto mode will let this bot click, type, and run tools on this computer without asking first. Destructive and sensitive actions still stop. Continue only if you are watching.": "自动模式允许此 Bot 无需逐次询问即可在此电脑上点击、输入和运行工具；破坏性及敏感操作仍会暂停。请仅在你能持续关注时继续。",
+  "OK": "确定",
+  "Cloud backend": "云端后端",
+  "Auto only attaches to a VPS container that is already running — a stopped or missing one is never provisioned or started, and the bot quietly works as if no cloud computer existed. Choose Cloud to provision or start it. No interactive desktop tunnel is exposed.": "自动模式只连接已在运行的 VPS 容器，不会配置或启动已停止或缺失的容器；此时 Bot 会像没有云电脑一样继续工作。选择“云端”可配置或启动容器。该模式不提供交互式桌面通道。",
+  "Box is the default hosted computer. Choose Self-hosted VPS to use your SSH-configured Linux Docker host.": "Box 是默认托管电脑。选择“自托管 VPS”可使用通过 SSH 配置的 Linux Docker 主机。",
+  "Self-hosted VPS requires Claude or an ACP engine": "自托管 VPS 需要 Claude 或 ACP 引擎",
+  "Self-hosted VPS": "自托管 VPS",
+  "Composio project key": "Composio 项目密钥",
+  "Connect Gmail, GitHub, Slack, Notion, and other apps through your own Composio project.": "通过你自己的 Composio 项目连接 Gmail、GitHub、Slack、Notion 等应用。",
+  "Create or copy a project key": "创建或复制项目密钥",
+  "Box API key": "Box API 密钥",
+  "Paste your Box API key": "粘贴 Box API 密钥",
+  "Give bots an isolated remote Linux computer with a desktop and terminal.": "为 Bot 提供带桌面和终端的隔离远程 Linux 电脑。",
+  "Open Box API key guide": "打开 Box API 密钥指南",
+  "Box is a paid service after its trial. Usage may incur charges.": "Box 试用期结束后为付费服务，使用时可能产生费用。",
+  "OpenCode Go API key": "OpenCode Go API 密钥",
+  "Paste your OpenCode Go API key": "粘贴 OpenCode Go API 密钥",
+  "Run OpenCode Go models through the maintained OpenCode CLI and ACP.": "通过维护中的 OpenCode CLI 和 ACP 运行 OpenCode Go 模型。",
+  "Open OpenCode Go setup guide": "打开 OpenCode Go 设置指南",
+  "About {label}": "关于{label}",
+  "{label} help": "{label}帮助",
+  "Optional": "可选",
+  "••••••••  (paste to replace)": "••••••••  （粘贴以替换）",
+  "Remove the saved key": "移除已保存的密钥",
+  "SSH config alias for the Linux VPS. OpenMausBot uses your normal SSH config and agent; it does not store keys or passwords.": "Linux VPS 的 SSH 配置别名。OpenMausBot 使用你现有的 SSH 配置和 Agent，不会存储密钥或密码。",
+  "See the": "请参阅",
+  "setup guide": "设置指南",
+  "for the required SSH alias shape.": "了解所需的 SSH 别名格式。",
+  "Self-hosted VPS SSH config alias": "自托管 VPS 的 SSH 配置别名",
+  "Remove the saved alias": "移除已保存的别名",
+  "{name} detected CLI": "检测到的 {name} CLI",
+  "Select a detected binary…": "选择检测到的可执行文件…",
+  "Enter path manually…": "手动输入路径…",
+  "{name} custom CLI path": "{name} 自定义 CLI 路径",
+  "Test failed — {message}": "测试失败：{message}",
+  "Register this path anyway?": "仍要注册此路径吗？",
+  "Test passed — {version}": "测试通过：{version}",
+  "Edit path": "编辑路径",
+  "Save anyway": "仍然保存",
+  "default": "默认",
+  "Resetting…": "正在重置…",
+  "Reset": "重置",
+  "Set CLI…": "设置 CLI…",
+  "No CLI engines detected yet.": "尚未检测到 CLI 引擎。",
+  "Local": "本地",
+  "Set CLI points an engine at a specific binary — a versioned build, a wrapper script, or an absolute path. Saving reloads providers and interrupts any running turns.": "“设置 CLI”可让引擎使用指定的可执行文件，包括特定版本、包装脚本或绝对路径。保存后会重新加载提供商，并中断正在运行的轮次。",
+  "Copy command": "复制命令",
+  "Install a supported container runtime first": "请先安装受支持的容器运行时",
+  "Base image": "基础镜像",
+  "Connected directly over USB. The screen and controls stay on this computer.": "通过 USB 直接连接，屏幕画面和控制操作均保留在此电脑上。",
+  "Unlock the Android phone, accept the “Allow USB debugging” prompt, and optionally choose Always allow from this computer.": "解锁 Android 手机，接受“允许 USB 调试”提示；也可以选择始终允许此电脑。",
+  "The phone is {state}. Reconnect the USB cable and keep USB debugging enabled.": "手机状态为 {state}。请重新连接 USB 数据线，并保持 USB 调试开启。",
+  "Interactive Android screen for {name}": "{name} 的交互式 Android 屏幕",
+  "{name} screen": "{name} 的屏幕",
+  "Back": "返回",
+  "Home": "主页",
+  "Recent": "最近任务",
+  "Click to tap, drag or use a trackpad to scroll, and type after selecting a field.": "单击可轻触，拖动或使用触控板可滚动；选择输入框后可直接键入。",
+  "First-time USB setup": "首次 USB 设置",
+  "Connect the phone with a data-capable USB cable and keep it unlocked.": "使用支持数据传输的 USB 线连接手机，并保持解锁。",
+  "Enable Developer options by tapping Build number seven times in About phone, then turn on USB debugging.": "在“关于手机”中连续点击七次“版本号”以启用开发者选项，然后打开 USB 调试。",
+  "Accept Allow USB debugging on the phone. You can choose Always allow for this trusted computer.": "在手机上接受“允许 USB 调试”。对于可信电脑，可以选择始终允许。",
+  "Agent control uses this same authorized USB connection. No phone companion app, account, Tailscale, or wireless pairing is needed.": "Agent 控制使用同一条已授权的 USB 连接，无需手机伴侣应用、账户、Tailscale 或无线配对。",
+  "Once connected, ask any compatible Maus to open an Android app or complete a task on your phone. The bundled Phone Harness skill loads automatically for phone requests.": "连接后，可让任意兼容的 Maus 打开 Android 应用或在手机上完成任务。处理手机请求时会自动加载内置的 Phone Harness 技能。",
+  "device": "已连接",
+  "unauthorized": "未授权",
+  "offline": "离线",
+  "Rename": "重命名",
+  "Rename agent": "重命名 Agent",
+  "Double-click to rename": "双击重命名",
+  "Task": "任务",
+  "Let this turn finish first": "请先等待当前轮次结束",
+  "New task — a fresh context on this bot": "新建任务，为此 Bot 创建全新上下文",
+  "Switch task": "切换任务",
+  "Click to switch · double-click to rename": "单击切换，双击重命名",
+  "Delete task": "删除任务",
+  "Delete this task and its conversation": "删除此任务及其对话",
+  "New task": "新建任务",
+  "Switch task · {tokens} ({input} in · {output} out)": "切换任务 · {tokens}（输入 {input} · 输出 {output}）",
+  "Hang up on {name}": "挂断与 {name} 的通话",
+  "Checking call availability": "正在检查通话可用性",
+  "Calls currently need the macOS desktop app": "通话功能目前需要 macOS 桌面应用",
+  "Add an ElevenLabs key in an agent profile to make calls": "请在 Agent 资料中添加 ElevenLabs 密钥以使用通话",
+  "Pick a voice in an agent profile to make calls": "请在 Agent 资料中选择语音以使用通话",
+  "Call {name}": "呼叫 {name}",
+  "Checking whether this device can make calls.": "正在检查此设备能否进行通话。",
+  "Calls require OpenMausBot for macOS because speech recognition runs on-device.": "通话需要 macOS 版 OpenMausBot，因为语音识别在设备本地运行。",
+  "The speech service is unavailable in this app build. Restart or update OpenMausBot.": "当前应用版本无法使用语音服务，请重启或更新 OpenMausBot。",
+  "Add an ElevenLabs API key so the bot can speak during calls.": "请添加 ElevenLabs API 密钥，让 Bot 能在通话中发声。",
+  "Give every room member an ElevenLabs voice before starting a room call.": "开始房间通话前，请为每位成员设置 ElevenLabs 语音。",
+  "Choose an ElevenLabs voice before starting a call.": "开始通话前，请选择 ElevenLabs 语音。",
+  "Call unavailable": "通话不可用",
+  "Open agent settings": "打开 Agent 设置",
+  "Hang up": "挂断",
+  "Push to talk": "按住说话",
+  "Listening": "正在聆听",
+  "One moment": "请稍候",
+  "Working": "正在处理",
+  "Release Control + Option to send…": "松开 Control + Option 发送…",
+  "Say something…": "请说话…",
+  "Try microphone again": "重新尝试麦克风",
+  "Push to talk couldn't start. Check Microphone and Speech Recognition access.": "无法启动按住说话，请检查麦克风和语音识别权限。",
+  "The microphone couldn't start. Check Microphone and Speech Recognition access.": "无法启动麦克风，请检查麦克风和语音识别权限。",
+  "Dictation stopped unexpectedly. Check Microphone and Speech Recognition access.": "听写意外停止，请检查麦克风和语音识别权限。",
+  "Calls need macOS dictation, which isn't available here yet.": "通话需要 macOS 听写功能，当前环境暂不支持。",
+  "The dictation helper couldn't be built. Install Apple's Command Line Tools and try again.": "无法构建听写辅助程序，请安装 Apple Command Line Tools 后重试。",
+  "Dictation needs Microphone + Speech Recognition access in System Settings.": "听写需要在系统设置中获得麦克风和语音识别权限。",
+  "Agent profile": "Agent 资料",
+  "Collapse agent profile": "收起 Agent 资料",
+  "Close agent profile": "关闭 Agent 资料",
+  "Name": "名称",
+  "Title": "职位",
+  "Description": "描述",
+  "Describe what your agent does": "描述此 Agent 的职责",
+  "What this agent is for": "此 Agent 的用途",
+  "One per workspace": "每个工作区仅一个",
+  "This engine cannot contact other bots": "此引擎无法联系其他 Bot",
+  "This bot still holds the role, but its current engine cannot contact teammates. Choose a Claude or ACP engine to restore coordination.": "此 Bot 仍担任该角色，但当前引擎无法联系队友。请选择 Claude 或 ACP 引擎以恢复协调能力。",
+  "This is your primary contact. It can coordinate the other bots and combine their work into one answer.": "这是你的主要联系人，可以协调其他 Bot 并将它们的工作整合为一个回答。",
+  "Choose a Claude or ACP engine to let this bot coordinate teammates.": "请选择 Claude 或 ACP 引擎，让此 Bot 能够协调队友。",
+  "Make this bot your primary contact and hand the role over from {name}.": "将此 Bot 设为主要联系人，并从 {name} 手中接任该角色。",
+  "Make this bot your primary contact for work that may involve several bots.": "将此 Bot 设为可能涉及多个 Bot 工作的主要联系人。",
+  "Ask me before contacting other bots": "联系其他 Bot 前先询问我",
+  "This bot will stop and ask before it reaches out to another bot.": "此 Bot 联系其他 Bot 前会暂停并征求你的同意。",
+  "Let this bot talk to teammates on its own, without a confirmation step.": "允许此 Bot 无需确认即可自行与队友沟通。",
+  "Connect apps in App Settings before giving this bot access.": "请先在应用设置中连接应用，再授予此 Bot 访问权限。",
+  "This bot's current engine cannot use connected apps.": "此 Bot 当前使用的引擎无法访问已连接应用。",
+  "Let this bot use your connected Gmail, Calendar, Slack, and other apps.": "允许此 Bot 使用你已连接的 Gmail、日历、Slack 等应用。",
+  "Keep your connected apps unavailable to this bot.": "不允许此 Bot 使用已连接应用。",
+  "Allow this bot to use connected apps": "允许此 Bot 使用已连接应用",
+  "Connect apps in App Settings first": "请先在应用设置中连接应用",
+  "This engine cannot use connected apps": "此引擎无法使用已连接应用",
+  "Model": "模型",
+  "Which provider and model this bot runs on": "此 Bot 使用的提供商和模型",
+  "Effort": "思考强度",
+  "How hard this bot thinks": "此 Bot 的思考强度",
+  " (Default: no level is sent)": "（默认：不发送强度等级）",
+  "Default": "默认",
+  "low": "低",
+  "medium": "中",
+  "high": "高",
+  "max": "最高",
+  "Where this bot's computer runs": "此 Bot 的电脑运行位置",
+  " (currently: auto)": "（当前：自动）",
+  "This engine doesn't report a price; tokens are counted.": "此引擎不报告价格，仅统计 Token。",
+  "Where this bot runs its shell and file tools.": "此 Bot 运行命令行和文件工具的位置。",
+  "Private bot workspace": "Bot 独立工作区",
+  "Private bot workspace — or an absolute path": "Bot 独立工作区，或输入绝对路径",
+  "New tasks start here. This task is pinned to {folder} — start a new task to use the new folder.": "新任务将从此处开始。当前任务固定在 {folder}；请新建任务以使用新目录。",
+  "the home folder": "主目录",
+  "Memory": "记忆",
+  "Notes this bot keeps between tasks — plain files you can edit.": "此 Bot 在任务之间保留的笔记，均为可编辑的纯文本文件。",
+  "Nothing remembered yet. The bot writes durable notes here — or add your own.": "尚无记忆。Bot 会在这里写入持久笔记，你也可以自行添加。",
+  "Bot memory": "Bot 记忆",
+  "Over the budget — only the top of this file loads each turn.": "内容已超出预算，每个轮次只会加载文件开头部分。",
+  "Topic files": "主题文件",
+  "Auto mode": "自动模式",
+  "Keeps going on this computer — you'll still be asked about anything destructive, and about questions it asks you.": "在此电脑上持续工作；遇到破坏性操作或需要向你提问时仍会征求确认。",
+  "Approve each action on this computer yourself. Turn on to let this bot keep working without stopping to ask.": "由你逐项批准此电脑上的操作。开启后，Bot 可持续工作而无需频繁暂停询问。",
+  "Keeps going on its own — you'll still be asked about anything destructive, and about questions it asks you.": "自行持续工作；遇到破坏性操作或需要向你提问时仍会征求确认。",
+  "Approve each action yourself. Turn on to let this bot keep working without stopping to ask.": "由你逐项批准操作。开启后，Bot 可持续工作而无需频繁暂停询问。",
+  "Notifications": "通知",
+  "Get notified when this agent finishes or needs input": "当此 Agent 完成任务或需要输入时通知你",
+  "Agent notifications": "Agent 通知",
+  "Avatar": "头像",
+  "Reset mascot": "重置吉祥物",
+  "Upload image": "上传图片",
+  "Remove custom avatar image": "移除自定义头像图片",
+  "Remove custom image": "移除自定义图片",
+  "PNG, JPEG, GIF, or WebP · up to 10 MB": "PNG、JPEG、GIF 或 WebP，最大 10 MB",
+  "Shape": "形状",
+  "Mascot": "吉祥物",
+  "Circle": "圆形",
+  "Rounded": "圆角",
+  "Square": "方形",
+  "Expression": "表情",
+  "Color": "颜色",
+  "Use {expression} expression": "使用{expression}表情",
+  "Use {color} mascot color": "使用{color}吉祥物颜色",
+  "Generate with GPT Image 2": "使用 GPT Image 2 生成",
+  "Uses a low-quality square draft to keep cost down. OpenAI bills your API account.": "使用低质量方形草图以降低成本，费用由 OpenAI 计入你的 API 账户。",
+  "Paste OpenAI image API key": "粘贴 OpenAI 图片 API 密钥",
+  "OpenAI image API key": "OpenAI 图片 API 密钥",
+  "Stored in the operating system's encrypted credential store in the installed app.": "在已安装的应用中，密钥会存储在操作系统的加密凭据存储中。",
+  "Optional direction, e.g. “a calm navigator inspired by {name}”": "可选说明，例如“以 {name} 为灵感的沉稳领航员”",
+  "Avatar generation direction": "头像生成说明",
+  "Generating…": "正在生成…",
+  "Generate avatar": "生成头像",
+  "Replace OpenAI image key": "替换 OpenAI 图片密钥",
+  "Paste replacement key": "粘贴替换密钥",
+  "Replacement OpenAI image API key": "替换用 OpenAI 图片 API 密钥",
+  "Voice": "语音",
+  "Give this agent a voice for calls and spoken replies. The ElevenLabs key is shared by the workspace; the voice choice belongs to this agent.": "为此 Agent 设置通话和语音回复所用的声音。ElevenLabs 密钥由工作区共享，声音选择仅属于此 Agent。",
+  "ElevenLabs key": "ElevenLabs 密钥",
+  "Paste your ElevenLabs API key": "粘贴 ElevenLabs API 密钥",
+  "Get a key from ElevenLabs": "从 ElevenLabs 获取密钥",
+  "{name}'s voice": "{name} 的语音",
+  "Loading voices…": "正在加载语音…",
+  "Workspace default": "工作区默认",
+  "Pick a voice": "选择语音",
+  "Current agent voice": "当前 Agent 语音",
+  "Hear this voice": "试听此语音",
+  "Pick a voice first": "请先选择语音",
+  "Try": "试听",
+  "Read replies aloud": "朗读回复",
+  "Speak this agent's answers as they arrive, even from another chat.": "收到此 Agent 的回答时立即朗读，即使回答来自其他对话。",
+  "Read this bot's replies aloud": "朗读此 Bot 的回复",
+  "idle": "空闲",
+  "happy": "开心",
+  "curious": "好奇",
+  "drowsy": "困倦",
+  "working": "工作中",
+  "thinking": "思考中",
+  "listening": "聆听中",
+  "sleeping": "睡眠中",
+  "suspicious": "怀疑",
+  "proud": "自豪",
+  "green": "绿色",
+  "blue": "蓝色",
+  "red": "红色",
+  "orange": "橙色",
+  "purple": "紫色",
+  "cyan": "青色",
+  "pink": "粉色",
+  "yellow": "黄色",
+  "teal": "蓝绿色",
+  "coral": "珊瑚色",
+  "That team file is too large.": "团队文件过大。",
+  "That team file is not valid JSON.": "团队文件不是有效的 JSON。",
+  "Back to teams": "返回团队列表",
+  "{count} ready-to-load bots": "{count} 个 Bot 已准备加载",
+  "Start with a complete team or bring your own.": "选择一个完整团队，或导入你自己的团队。",
+  "Open the community teams repository": "打开社区团队仓库",
+  "Community repo": "社区仓库",
+  "Close teams": "关闭团队",
+  "Team members": "团队成员",
+  "General assistant": "通用助理",
+  "Only roles and appearance are loaded. Your conversations, account connections, permissions, and computer access stay private.": "仅加载角色和外观。你的对话、账户连接、权限和电脑访问设置仍保持私密。",
+  "Playbooks remain available in the community repo for review.": "你仍可在社区仓库中查看工作手册。",
+  "Replaces your {count} current bots. They'll be archived with conversations intact.": "将替换当前 {count} 个 Bot；它们会被归档，并完整保留对话。",
+  "Add alongside instead": "改为并列添加",
+  "This team will be added alongside your current bots.": "该团队将与当前 Bot 一并保留。",
+  "Replace current team instead": "改为替换当前团队",
+  "No room is created—you can make one later if you want.": "不会自动创建房间；你可以稍后按需创建。",
+  "Load team": "加载团队",
+  "Replace team": "替换团队",
+  "Add team": "添加团队",
+  "Team source": "团队来源",
+  "Explore": "探索",
+  "Import": "导入",
+  "Search teams": "搜索团队",
+  "Search results": "搜索结果",
+  "Community teams": "社区团队",
+  "Loading teams…": "正在加载团队…",
+  "{bots} bots · {playbooks} playbooks": "{bots} 个 Bot · {playbooks} 个工作手册",
+  "Loading": "正在加载",
+  "Load": "加载",
+  "No teams found": "未找到团队",
+  "Try a different search.": "请尝试其他关键词。",
+  "Bring your own team": "导入自己的团队",
+  "Choose a team file": "选择团队文件",
+  "or drop a .mausteam.json here": "或将 .mausteam.json 拖到这里",
+  "Load from GitHub": "从 GitHub 加载",
+  "Paste a public repo or a direct team JSON link.": "粘贴公开仓库地址或团队 JSON 的直达链接。",
+  "GitHub team URL": "GitHub 团队链接",
+  "{days} at {time}": "{days} {time}",
+  "Routine": "例程",
+  "Webhook": "Webhook",
+  "Edit routine": "编辑例程",
+  "New routine": "新建例程",
+  "Each run starts a fresh task for this agent. No cron syntax required.": "每次运行都会为此 Agent 新建任务，无需编写 cron 表达式。",
+  "Routine name": "例程名称",
+  "Morning research brief": "晨间研究简报",
+  "Where does it run?": "在哪里运行？",
+  "Uses this MAUS's selected model and computer setting.": "使用此 MAUS 已选择的模型和电脑设置。",
+  "Cloud VM": "云端虚拟机",
+  "Runs the MAUS and its tools inside its Box virtual machine.": "在 Box 虚拟机内运行 MAUS 及其工具。",
+  "The VM wakes automatically for each run. Keep OpenMausBot running so its scheduler can launch the job.": "每次运行时虚拟机会自动唤醒。请保持 OpenMausBot 运行，以便调度器启动任务。",
+  "Cloud VM needs a working Box API key in App Settings before this routine can run.": "运行此例程前，需要先在应用设置中配置有效的 Box API 密钥。",
+  "Who does it?": "由谁执行？",
+  "Assigned from Computer": "由电脑面板指定",
+  "What should this MAUS do?": "这个 MAUS 应该做什么？",
+  "Check the latest project activity, summarize what changed, and call out anything that needs my attention…": "检查最新项目动态，总结变更，并指出需要我关注的事项…",
+  "When?": "何时运行？",
+  "Repeating": "重复",
+  "Once": "单次",
+  "Calendar block": "日历时段",
+  "{count} minutes": "{count} 分钟",
+  "{count} hours": "{count} 小时",
+  "Save changes": "保存更改",
+  "Create routine": "创建例程",
+  "Needs you": "需要你处理",
+  "completed": "已完成",
+  "failed": "失败",
+  "missed": "已错过",
+  "cancelled": "已取消",
+  "scheduled": "已计划",
+  "Schedule": "计划",
+  "MAUS setup": "MAUS 配置",
+  "Duration": "时长",
+  "Triggered by": "触发方式",
+  "Delivery ID": "投递 ID",
+  "Instructions": "指令",
+  "Webhook event data": "Webhook 事件数据",
+  "Last output": "最近输出",
+  "This MAUS needs your answer. Open its task to continue the run.": "此 MAUS 正在等待你的回答。打开对应任务以继续运行。",
+  "Run now": "立即运行",
+  "Open task": "打开任务",
+  "Cancel run": "取消运行",
+  "Edit": "编辑",
+  "Pause": "暂停",
+  "Resume": "继续",
+  "Delete “{name}”? Its past run receipts will stay in the calendar.": "删除“{name}”？以往运行记录仍会保留在日历中。",
+  "Delete routine": "删除例程",
+  "Paused routines": "已暂停的例程",
+  "They keep their history and will not create new runs.": "它们会保留历史记录，但不会创建新的运行。",
+  "Deleted MAUS": "已删除的 MAUS",
+  "Delete “{name}”?": "删除“{name}”？",
+  "{count} active": "{count} 个运行中",
+  "{count} need attention": "{count} 个需要处理",
+  "{count} paused": "{count} 个已暂停",
+  "Routines": "例程",
+  "Webhooks": "Webhook",
+  " = one conversation and result. ": " = 一次对话及其结果。",
+  " = a reusable schedule that creates a fresh task each run, using that agent's model, tools, permissions, computer, and connected apps.": " = 可复用的计划，每次运行都会使用该 Agent 的模型、工具、权限、电脑和已连接应用来创建新任务。",
+  " = an event endpoint that creates a fresh task. Connected services can call it when something happens; the receiving agent keeps its existing tools and permissions.": " = 用于创建新任务的事件端点。已连接的服务可以在事件发生时调用它，接收任务的 Agent 会沿用现有工具和权限。",
+  "Previous dates": "上一时间段",
+  "Next dates": "下一时间段",
+  "All MAUSes": "所有 MAUS",
+  "Day": "日",
+  "3 days": "3 日",
+  "Week": "周",
+  "Put your MAUS team on a rhythm": "让你的 MAUS 团队按计划运转",
+  "Plan research briefs, daily check-ins, recurring reviews, or one-time work. Every run becomes a separate task with its own result.": "安排研究简报、每日检查、定期回顾或一次性工作。每次运行都会成为独立任务，并生成自己的结果。",
+  "Create your first routine": "创建第一个例程",
+  "Create a bot first, then come back to schedule it.": "请先创建 Bot，再回来为它安排计划。",
+  "Never": "从未",
+  "Just now": "刚刚",
+  "{count}m ago": "{count} 分钟前",
+  "{count}h ago": "{count} 小时前",
+  "{name} webhook": "{name} Webhook",
+  "Edit webhook": "编辑 Webhook",
+  "New local webhook": "新建本地 Webhook",
+  "Each request starts a new task in the MAUS chat.": "每个请求都会在 MAUS 对话中创建一个新任务。",
+  "Who receives the tasks?": "由谁接收任务？",
+  "Send the task in the request:": "在请求中发送任务：",
+  ". The MAUS keeps its model, tools, permissions, and computer setup.": "。MAUS 会沿用其模型、工具、权限和电脑配置。",
+  "Advanced options": "高级选项",
+  "optional": "可选",
+  "Default instructions": "默认指令",
+  "For every event, summarize what happened and suggest the next step…": "为每个事件总结发生的情况，并建议下一步…",
+  "Use this only when every event needs the same handling rule. Otherwise the request’s task is used.": "仅在所有事件都需要相同处理规则时使用；否则将使用请求中的任务。",
+  "Run on": "运行位置",
+  "Only accept event types": "仅接受以下事件类型",
+  "Comma-separated values from the sender’s event-type header.": "使用逗号分隔发送方事件类型请求头中的值。",
+  "Delete “{name}”? Existing task history will stay available.": "删除“{name}”？已有任务历史仍会保留。",
+  "Send a request before turning this webhook on": "启用此 Webhook 前请先发送一个请求",
+  "Replace this private URL? Every previously copied command will stop working.": "替换此私密链接？之前复制的所有命令都将失效。",
+  "Could not create a terminal command": "无法创建终端命令",
+  "Local beta": "本地 Beta",
+  "Send a task to a MAUS when another tool reports an event.": "当其他工具报告事件时，向 MAUS 发送任务。",
+  "Receiver running": "接收器运行中",
+  "Receiver unavailable": "接收器不可用",
+  "New webhook": "新建 Webhook",
+  "Create your first webhook": "创建第一个 Webhook",
+  "Choose a MAUS, copy one command, and every request becomes a new task in its chat.": "选择一个 MAUS 并复制一条命令，此后的每个请求都会成为其对话中的新任务。",
+  "Create local webhook": "创建本地 Webhook",
+  "Create a MAUS first, then come back here.": "请先创建一个 MAUS，再返回此处。",
+  "Your webhooks": "你的 Webhook",
+  "Edit settings": "编辑设置",
+  "Activity": "活动",
+  "Send a task": "发送任务",
+  "Copy this command into Terminal and press Return. It starts a real task in {name}'s chat; edit the task text for whatever you want done.": "将此命令复制到终端并按回车，它会在 {name} 的对话中创建真实任务；你可以按需修改任务文本。",
+  "this MAUS": "此 MAUS",
+  "Terminal": "终端",
+  "Copied": "已复制",
+  "Rotate private URL": "更换私密链接",
+  "The private URL is shown once. Generate a replacement to copy your webhook command; any older command for this webhook will stop working.": "私密链接只显示一次。生成新链接以复制 Webhook 命令；此 Webhook 的旧命令将全部失效。",
+  "Generate new private URL": "生成新的私密链接",
+  "Local only for now. Keep OpenMausBot open while sending the request.": "目前仅支持本地使用。发送请求时请保持 OpenMausBot 打开。",
+  "Request received": "已收到请求",
+  "Empty payload": "空载荷",
+  "Turn on": "启用",
+  "Tasks go to": "任务发送至",
+  "Advanced": "高级",
+  "Default instruction:": "默认指令：",
+  "The task or message sent with each request becomes the MAUS instruction.": "每个请求携带的任务或消息都会成为 MAUS 的指令。",
+  "Accepted events:": "接受的事件：",
+  "All event types are accepted.": "接受所有事件类型。",
+  "Recent deliveries": "最近投递",
+  "Accepted and rejected requests update automatically.": "已接受和已拒绝的请求会自动更新。",
+  "No requests yet. Use the command in Setup to send one.": "尚无请求。请使用“设置”中的命令发送一个请求。",
+  "Open this execution in the MAUS chat": "在 MAUS 对话中打开此次执行",
+  "Open chat": "打开对话",
+  "Waiting for test": "等待测试",
+  "Ready to enable": "可以启用",
+  "Active": "已启用",
+  "Test received": "已收到测试",
+  "Ignored": "已忽略",
+  "Rejected": "已拒绝",
+  "Accepted": "已接受",
+  "Rejected request": "已拒绝的请求",
+  "Webhook event": "Webhook 事件",
+  "Enable": "启用",
+  "Your browser blocked the connection page. Click Continue to open it.": "浏览器阻止了连接页面。请点击“继续”将其打开。",
+  "Connect the apps your bots can use.": "连接你的 Bot 可以使用的应用。",
+  "Refresh connection status": "刷新连接状态",
+  "Close connected apps": "关闭已连接应用",
+  "Connected apps view": "已连接应用视图",
+  "Marketplace": "应用市场",
+  "Connected": "已连接",
+  "Search apps": "搜索应用",
+  "Connected apps are temporarily unavailable. You can retry after restarting, or configure your own connection service.": "已连接应用暂时不可用。你可以重启后重试，或配置自己的连接服务。",
+  "Open settings": "打开设置",
+  "Showing featured apps.": "当前显示精选应用。",
+  "Update your Composio key": "更新 Composio 密钥",
+  "for the full catalog.": "以查看完整目录。",
+  "Loading catalog…": "正在加载应用目录…",
+  "Your connections": "你的连接",
+  "Available apps": "可用应用",
+  "Finish setup in your browser": "请在浏览器中完成设置",
+  "Authorization expired — try again": "授权已过期，请重试",
+  "Continue": "继续",
+  "Add account": "添加账户",
+  "Included": "已包含",
+  "Connect": "连接",
+  "Disconnect {identity} from {service}? Only this {service} account will be revoked. Your other {service} accounts will stay connected.": "断开 {identity} 与 {service} 的连接？仅会撤销此 {service} 账户，其他 {service} 账户仍会保持连接。",
+  "Disconnect {account} from {service}": "断开 {account} 与 {service} 的连接",
+  "Disconnect": "断开连接",
+  "Enter a label for the account, such as work or personal.": "请输入账户标签，例如“工作”或“个人”。",
+  "Account label (work, personal…)": "账户标签（工作、个人等）",
+  "Label for another {service} account": "另一个 {service} 账户的标签",
+  "No connected apps yet": "尚未连接应用",
+  "No apps found": "未找到应用",
+  "Connect an app from Marketplace and it will appear here.": "从应用市场连接应用后，它会显示在这里。",
+  "active": "已启用",
+  "connected": "已连接",
+  "not_connected": "未连接",
+  "initiated": "正在连接",
+  "pending": "等待中",
+  "expired": "已过期",
+  "Post updates and read channels": "发布动态并读取频道",
+  "Issues, pull requests, and code": "议题、拉取请求与代码",
+  "Read and send email": "读取和发送邮件",
+  "Read and create events": "读取和创建日程",
+  "Read and update spreadsheets": "读取和更新电子表格",
+  "Read and write documents": "读取和编辑文档",
+  "Browse and manage files": "浏览和管理文件",
+  "Pages and databases": "页面与数据库",
+  "Issues and project tracking": "议题与项目跟踪",
+  "Errors and alerts": "错误与告警",
+  "Analytics, feature flags, experiments": "分析、功能开关与实验",
+  "Messages and channels": "消息与频道",
+  "Post and read on X": "在 X 上发布和读取内容",
+  "Browse and post": "浏览和发布内容",
+  "Connect 9,000+ apps": "连接 9,000 多个应用",
+  "CRM search & updates": "CRM 搜索与更新",
+  "CRM records and reports": "CRM 记录与报告",
+  "Issues and sprints": "议题与迭代",
+  "Tasks and projects": "任务与项目",
+  "Boards and cards": "看板与卡片",
+  "Files and folders": "文件与文件夹",
+  "Bases and records": "数据表与记录",
+  "Files and comments": "文件与评论",
+  "Payments and customers": "付款与客户",
+  "{name} responds by default — @mention someone else to choose them instead.": "默认由 {name} 回复；也可以 @ 提及其他 Bot。",
+  "{name} responds": "{name} 回复",
+  "The lead bot": "主 Bot",
+  "Lead": "主 Bot",
+  "Interrupt": "打断",
+  "Hold Control + Option to talk · Space interrupts · Esc hangs up": "按住 Control + Option 说话 · 空格键打断 · Esc 挂断",
+  "/path/to/your/project": "/path/to/your/project",
+  "A channel needs at least one bot.": "频道至少需要一个 Bot。",
+  "A shared brief every member sees on each turn. You can edit it later.": "所有成员每轮都会看到的共享说明，之后仍可编辑。",
+  "Add channel instructions…": "添加频道说明…",
+  "All room members": "所有频道成员",
+  "Android": "Android",
+  "Applies to every bot turn in channels. Direct chats use the inactivity watchdog instead.": "适用于频道中的每个 Bot 任务轮次。私聊改用空闲监测机制。",
+  "bot": "Bot",
+  "bots": "Bot",
+  "Bots": "Bot",
+  "Browse": "浏览",
+  "Cancel channel rename": "取消频道重命名",
+  "Channel": "频道",
+  "Channels": "频道",
+  "Channel behavior": "频道回复方式",
+  "Channel bulletin — shared instructions for every bot here": "频道公告——这里所有 Bot 共用的说明",
+  "Channel context": "频道分类",
+  "Channel instructions — every bot in this channel follows them (who does what, tone, goals, a task checklist…)": "频道说明——此频道中的每个 Bot 都会遵循（分工、语气、目标、任务清单等）",
+  "Channel lead": "频道负责人",
+  "Channel name (for example, Website launch)": "频道名称（例如：网站发布）",
+  "Channel turns": "频道任务轮次",
+  "Channel working folder": "频道工作目录",
+  "Choose": "选择",
+  "Choose a lead": "选择负责人",
+  "Choose a teammate": "选择一名成员",
+  "Choose who answers when nobody is mentioned.": "选择未提及任何成员时由谁回复。",
+  "Context (optional): Work, Personal, Client…": "分类（可选）：工作、个人、客户…",
+  "Create a bot first — channels are made of bots.": "请先创建 Bot，频道由 Bot 组成。",
+  "Create Channel": "创建频道",
+  "Create project channel": "创建项目频道",
+  "Creates the team as new bots, opens a channel for them, and points the channel at this folder.": "将团队创建为新的 Bot，为它们建立频道，并把频道工作目录设为此文件夹。",
+  "Creating…": "正在创建…",
+  "Delete Channel": "删除频道",
+  "Diagnostics": "诊断信息",
+  "Export diagnostics to a text file": "将诊断信息导出为文本文件",
+  "Export Diagnostics…": "导出诊断信息…",
+  "Finish room setup to start chatting": "完成频道设置后即可开始聊天",
+  "Fixed after this channel's first turn. Create a new channel and choose its folder before sending the first message to work somewhere else.": "首次任务后工作目录将被固定。如需使用其他目录，请新建频道并在发送第一条消息前完成选择。",
+  "From a folder": "从文件夹生成",
+  "From the community directory — tick to add": "来自社区目录——勾选即可添加",
+  "github.com/owner/repo": "github.com/owner/repo",
+  "Give every channel member an ElevenLabs voice before starting a channel call.": "开始频道通话前，请为每个频道成员设置 ElevenLabs 语音。",
+  "Give this room a shared workspace, response style, and a little context before the first conversation starts.": "首次对话前，为此频道设置共享工作目录、回复方式和背景说明。",
+  "Goals, tone, ownership, constraints…": "目标、语气、分工、限制…",
+  "Manage members": "管理成员",
+  "Manage Members": "管理成员",
+  "Manage members — {count} {unit} in this channel": "管理成员——此频道中有 {count} 个{unit}",
+  "Manage members of {name}": "管理 {name} 的成员",
+  "Matches {matches}": "匹配：{matches}",
+  "Move to context": "移动到分类",
+  "New Channel": "新建频道",
+  "New context name": "新分类名称",
+  "New context…": "新建分类…",
+  "No channel is created—you can make one later if you want.": "不会创建频道；如有需要，可以稍后再创建。",
+  "Only @mentioned members": "仅 @ 提及的成员",
+  "Only when mentioned": "仅被提及时",
+  "Open {name} on botdirectory.ai": "在 botdirectory.ai 打开 {name}",
+  "Pin this message to the top of the channel": "将此消息置顶到频道顶部",
+  "Plain messages go to every channel member; @mentions override this": "普通消息会发送给所有频道成员；@ 提及会覆盖此设置",
+  "Plain messages go to this teammate.": "普通消息会发送给此成员。",
+  "Point the scout at a folder. It reads what's in there — README, dependencies, layout — and suggests a team for it. Nothing is created until you say so.": "选择一个文件夹后，分析器会读取其中的 README、依赖和目录结构，并推荐适合的团队。确认前不会创建任何内容。",
+  "Project channel name": "项目频道名称",
+  "Project folder to scout": "要分析的项目文件夹",
+  "Read this bot's page before adding it": "添加前查看此 Bot 的详情页",
+  "Remove from context": "从分类中移除",
+  "Rename Channel": "重命名频道",
+  "Room instructions": "频道说明",
+  "Save & continue": "保存并继续",
+  "Save channel name": "保存频道名称",
+  "Saved to {path}": "已保存到 {path}",
+  "Scout": "分析",
+  "Scouting…": "正在分析…",
+  "Set one maximum duration for every bot turn in a channel.": "为频道中的每个 Bot 任务轮次设置统一的最长时间。",
+  "Set up {name}": "设置 {name}",
+  "Skip for now": "暂时跳过",
+  "Specific lead": "指定负责人",
+  "Start from a project folder": "从项目文件夹开始",
+  "Suggested team": "建议团队",
+  "This channel's members changed while the panel was open. Close it and try again.": "面板打开期间频道成员已发生变化。请关闭后重试。",
+  "Versions, configuration on/off state and a redacted server log tail. Review the file before sharing it.": "包含版本、配置启用状态和已脱敏的服务器日志末尾。分享前请检查文件内容。",
+  "Where every bot in this channel runs its shell and file tools.": "此频道中所有 Bot 运行终端和文件工具的目录。",
+  "Where room members run file and shell tools.": "频道成员运行文件和终端工具的目录。",
+  "Search settings": "搜索设置",
+  "Experimental features": "实验性功能",
+  "Early features may change while we test them. They stay off unless you enable them.": "早期功能在测试期间可能会发生变化；除非你主动启用，否则将保持关闭。",
+  "Teach a skill": "教授技能",
+  "Show the workflow recorder in the sidebar.": "在侧边栏显示工作流录制器。",
+  "Show Teach a skill": "显示“教授技能”",
+  "Could not save the experimental feature setting.": "无法保存实验性功能设置。",
+  "One for {section}": "{section} 分类一个",
+  "This is the primary contact for {section}. It can create and coordinate specialists in this section, then combine their work into one answer.": "这是 {section} 分类的主要联系人。它可以创建并协调该分类中的专业 Bot，再将结果整合为一个答案。",
+  "Make this bot the {section} Chief and hand the role over from {name}.": "将此 Bot 设为 {section} 分类负责人，并从 {name} 接管该角色。",
+  "Make this bot the primary contact for the {section} section.": "将此 Bot 设为 {section} 分类的主要联系人。",
+  "Execution timeline": "执行时间线",
+  "complete": "已完成",
+  "observed": "已记录",
+  "Task started": "任务已开始",
+  "User input": "用户输入",
+  "Screen observed": "已观察屏幕",
+  "Response recorded": "已记录回复",
+  "AssemblyAI transcription": "AssemblyAI 转录",
+  "Live narration for recorded skills. Audio is sent to AssemblyAI while recording; the API key is protected by your operating system.": "为录制的技能提供实时旁白转录。录制期间音频会发送至 AssemblyAI，API 密钥由操作系统保护。",
+  "Paste your AssemblyAI API key": "粘贴你的 AssemblyAI API 密钥",
+  "AssemblyAI API key": "AssemblyAI API 密钥",
+  "Open AssemblyAI dashboard": "打开 AssemblyAI 控制台",
+  "Available in the installed desktop app.": "可在已安装的桌面应用中使用。",
+  "you@example.com": "you@example.com",
+} satisfies Record<string, string>;
diff --git a/src/main.tsx b/src/main.tsx
index 28a9719f2..23d44a27d 100644
--- a/src/main.tsx
+++ b/src/main.tsx
@@ -2,14 +2,19 @@ import { StrictMode } from "react";
 import { createRoot } from "react-dom/client";
 import App from "./App";
 import { applySkin, readSkin } from "./lib/skins";
+import { I18nProvider } from "./lib/i18n-context";
+import { applyLocale, readLocale } from "./lib/i18n";
 import "./styles.css";
 
 // Before the first paint, not inside a component: stamping the skin during
 // render would show one frame of the default palette first.
 applySkin(readSkin());
+applyLocale(readLocale());
 
 createRoot(document.getElementById("root")!).render(
   <StrictMode>
-    <App />
+    <I18nProvider>
+      <App />
+    </I18nProvider>
   </StrictMode>,
 );
diff --git a/src/state/store.test.ts b/src/state/store.test.ts
index 4c94035be..1c4177940 100644
--- a/src/state/store.test.ts
+++ b/src/state/store.test.ts
@@ -253,6 +253,30 @@ describe("section Chiefs", () => {
     expect(next.bots.find((candidate) => candidate.id === workCandidate.id)?.chiefOfStaff).toBe(true);
     expect(next.bots.find((candidate) => candidate.id === personalChief.id)?.chiefOfStaff).toBe(true);
   });
+
+  it("keeps one Chief when an existing or newly announced Chief changes sections", () => {
+    const workChief = bot("work", "Work", true);
+    const personalChief = bot("personal", "Personal", true);
+    const state = {
+      ...initialState,
+      bots: [workChief, personalChief].map((candidate) => ({ ...candidate, messages: [] })),
+    };
+
+    const moved = reducer(state, {
+      type: "updateBot",
+      botId: workChief.id,
+      patch: { section: "Personal" },
+    });
+    expect(moved.bots.find((candidate) => candidate.id === workChief.id)?.chiefOfStaff).toBe(true);
+    expect(moved.bots.find((candidate) => candidate.id === personalChief.id)?.chiefOfStaff).toBe(false);
+
+    const announced = reducer(state, {
+      type: "botPatched",
+      bot: { ...bot("remote", "Personal", true), messages: [] },
+    });
+    expect(announced.bots.find((candidate) => candidate.id === "remote")?.chiefOfStaff).toBe(true);
+    expect(announced.bots.find((candidate) => candidate.id === personalChief.id)?.chiefOfStaff).toBe(false);
+  });
 });
 
 describe("pending queued chip", () => {
diff --git a/src/state/store.tsx b/src/state/store.tsx
index 2d6716a23..c9a139ba2 100644
--- a/src/state/store.tsx
+++ b/src/state/store.tsx
@@ -698,9 +698,16 @@ export function reducer(state: AppState, action: Action): AppState {
       // team import), so add it now; the following message frames will fill
       // its greeting without waiting for a full-page hydration.
       if (!before) {
+        const bots = action.bot.chiefOfStaff
+          ? state.bots.map((bot) =>
+              (bot.section?.trim() || "") === (action.bot.section?.trim() || "")
+                ? { ...bot, chiefOfStaff: false }
+                : bot,
+            )
+          : state.bots;
         return {
           ...state,
-          bots: [{ ...action.bot, messages: action.bot.messages ?? [] }, ...state.bots],
+          bots: [{ ...action.bot, messages: action.bot.messages ?? [] }, ...bots],
         };
       }
       const kind =
@@ -910,7 +917,7 @@ export function reducer(state: AppState, action: Action): AppState {
         : state;
       const target = animated.bots.find((bot) => bot.id === action.botId);
       const chiefSection = (action.patch.section ?? target?.section)?.trim() || "";
-      const next = action.patch.chiefOfStaff
+      const next = (action.patch.chiefOfStaff ?? target?.chiefOfStaff)
         ? {
             ...animated,
             bots: animated.bots.map((b) =>
@@ -1758,8 +1765,8 @@ export function useStore() {
   return ctx;
 }
 
-export function formatTime(at: number) {
-  return new Date(at).toLocaleTimeString([], {
+export function formatTime(at: number, locale: string) {
+  return new Date(at).toLocaleTimeString(locale, {
     hour: "numeric",
     minute: "2-digit",
   });