diff --git a/exercise9.py b/exercise9.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..239af9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/exercise9.py
@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+########Question 1########
+#load packages and file
+import pandas
+import scipy
+from scipy import optimize
+from scipy import stats
+from scipy.stats import norm
+import numpy
+from plotnine import *
+#note: used sed in cygwin to change mutation names to numbers
+#WT=0, M124K=1, V456D=2, I213N=3
+ponzr = pandas.read_csv("ponzr1.csv")
+#subset WT and mutation 1
+subset1 = ponzr.loc[ponzr.mutation.isin(['0','1']),:]
+#subset WT and mutation 2
+subset2 = ponzr.loc[ponzr.mutation.isin(['0','2']),:]
+#subset WT and mutation 3
+subset3 = ponzr.loc[ponzr.mutation.isin(['0','3']),:]
+
+#creating nll function
+#null hypothesis
+def null(p,obs):
+    B0=p[0]
+    sigma=p[1]
+    
+    expected=B0
+    nll= -1*scipy.stats.norm(expected,sigma).logpdf(obs.ponzr1Counts).sum()
+    return nll
+#alternate hypothesis
+def alter(p,obs):
+    B0=p[0]
+    B1=p[1]
+    sigma=p[2]
+    
+    expected=B0+B1*obs.mutation
+    nll= -1*scipy.stats.norm(expected,sigma).logpdf(obs.ponzr1Counts).sum()
+    return nll
+
+#minimizing nll for first treatment (M124K)
+initialGuess=numpy.array([2000,300])
+alterGuess=numpy.array([2000,-55,300])
+fitNull=scipy.optimize.minimize(null,initialGuess,method="Nelder-Mead",options={'disp':True},args=subset1)
+fitAlter=scipy.optimize.minimize(alter,alterGuess,method="Nelder-Mead",options={'disp':True},args=subset1)
+print(fitNull)
+print(fitAlter)
+#likelihood ratio test chi2 for M124K
+D=2*(fitNull.fun-fitAlter.fun)
+#resulting p-value M124K
+1-scipy.stats.chi2.cdf(x=D,df=1)
+
+#minimizing nll for V456D
+initialGuess=numpy.array([2000,300])
+alterGuess=numpy.array([2000,-55,300])
+fitNull=scipy.optimize.minimize(null,initialGuess,method="Nelder-Mead",options={'disp':True},args=subset2)
+fitAlter=scipy.optimize.minimize(alter,alterGuess,method="Nelder-Mead",options={'disp':True},args=subset2)
+print(fitNull)
+print(fitAlter)
+#likelihood ratio test chi2 for V456D
+D=2*(fitNull.fun-fitAlter.fun)
+1-scipy.stats.chi2.cdf(x=D,df=1)
+#resulting p-value V456D
+print(D)
+
+#minimizing nll for I213N
+initialGuess=numpy.array([2000,300])
+alterGuess=numpy.array([2000,-55,300])
+fitNull=scipy.optimize.minimize(null,initialGuess,method="Nelder-Mead",options={'disp':True},args=subset3)
+fitAlter=scipy.optimize.minimize(alter,alterGuess,method="Nelder-Mead",options={'disp':True},args=subset3)
+print(fitNull)
+print(fitAlter)
+#likelihood ratio test chi2 I213N
+D=2*(fitNull.fun-fitAlter.fun)
+1-scipy.stats.chi2.cdf(x=D,df=1)
+#p-value for I213N
+print(D)
+
+#Question 2#
+#load packages
+import pandas
+import numpy
+import scipy
+from scipy.optimize import minimize
+from scipy.stats import norm
+
+#load dataset
+mgrowth = pandas.read_csv("MmarinumGrowth.csv")
+
+#define custom likelihood function
+def monod(p,obs):
+    umax = p[0]
+    Ks = p[1]
+    sigma = p[2]
+    expected= umax*obs.S/(obs.S+Ks)
+    nll= -1*scipy.stats.norm(expected,sigma).logpdf(obs.u).sum()
+    return nll
+
+#parameter estimates
+monodGuess=numpy.array([1,1,1])
+fitMonod=minimize(monod,monodGuess,method='Nelder-Mead',options={'disp': True},args=mgrowth)
+print(fitMonod.x)
+
+#####Question 3#####
+#load packages
+import pandas
+import scipy
+from scipy import optimize
+from scipy import stats
+from scipy.stats import norm
+import numpy
+from plotnine import *
+#load dataset
+leafy = pandas.read_csv("leafDecomp.csv")
+
+#define custom likelihood functions
+def constant(p,obs):
+    B0=p[0]
+    sigma=p[1]
+    
+    expected=B0
+    nll= -1*scipy.stats.norm(expected,sigma).logpdf(obs.decomp).sum()
+    return nll
+    
+#alternate hypotheses
+def linear(p,obs):
+    B0=p[0]
+    B1=p[1]
+    sigma=p[2]
+    
+    expected=B0+B1*obs.Ms
+    nll= -1*scipy.stats.norm(expected,sigma).logpdf(obs.decomp).sum()
+    return nll
+    
+def humped(p,obs):
+    B0=p[0]
+    B1=p[1]
+    B2=p[2]
+    sigma=p[3]
+    
+    expected=B0+B1*obs.Ms+B2*(obs.Ms)**2
+    nll= -1*scipy.stats.norm(expected,sigma).logpdf(obs.decomp).sum()
+    return nll
+
+#parameter estimates
+constantGuess=numpy.array([1,1])
+linearGuess=numpy.array([1,1,1])
+humpedGuess=numpy.array([200,10,-0.2,1])
+fitConstant=scipy.optimize.minimize(constant,constantGuess,method="Nelder-Mead",options={'disp':True},args=leafy)
+fitLinear=scipy.optimize.minimize(linear,linearGuess,method="Nelder-Mead",options={'disp':True},args=leafy)
+fitHumped=scipy.optimize.minimize(humped,humpedGuess,method="Nelder-Mead",options={'disp':True},args=leafy)
+print(fitConstant.x)
+print(fitLinear.x)
+print(fitHumped.x)
+#comparison of models
+D=2*(fitConstant.fun-fitLinear.fun)
+1-scipy.stats.chi2.cdf(x=D,df=1)
+
+E=2*(fitLinear.fun-fitHumped.fun)
+1-scipy.stats.chi2.cdf(x=E,df=1)
+
+F=2*(fitConstant.fun-fitHumped.fun)
+1-scipy.stats.chi2.cdf(x=F,df=2)
+
diff --git a/ponzr1.csv b/ponzr1.csv
index d7589d4..0db1eab 100644
--- a/ponzr1.csv
+++ b/ponzr1.csv
@@ -1,41 +1,41 @@
 "mutation","ponzr1Counts"
-"WT",2387
-"WT",2365
-"WT",2761
-"WT",2466
-"WT",2003
-"WT",2704
-"WT",2266
-"WT",2012
-"WT",2221
-"WT",2766
-"M124K",2322
-"M124K",1900
-"M124K",2948
-"M124K",2041
-"M124K",1834
-"M124K",2567
-"M124K",3096
-"M124K",2221
-"M124K",1986
-"M124K",2479
-"V456D",1858
-"V456D",1253
-"V456D",1469
-"V456D",831
-"V456D",1018
-"V456D",1745
-"V456D",1737
-"V456D",2122
-"V456D",747
-"V456D",749
-"I213N",2207
-"I213N",2590
-"I213N",2640
-"I213N",2389
-"I213N",2425
-"I213N",1975
-"I213N",2097
-"I213N",2525
-"I213N",2683
-"I213N",2251
+"0",2387
+"0",2365
+"0",2761
+"0",2466
+"0",2003
+"0",2704
+"0",2266
+"0",2012
+"0",2221
+"0",2766
+"1",2322
+"1",1900
+"1",2948
+"1",2041
+"1",1834
+"1",2567
+"1",3096
+"1",2221
+"1",1986
+"1",2479
+"2",1858
+"2",1253
+"2",1469
+"2",831
+"2",1018
+"2",1745
+"2",1737
+"2",2122
+"2",747
+"2",749
+"3",2207
+"3",2590
+"3",2640
+"3",2389
+"3",2425
+"3",1975
+"3",2097
+"3",2525
+"3",2683
+"3",2251