diff --git a/index.js b/index.js
index e69de29bb..d017757ce 100644
--- a/index.js
+++ b/index.js
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+var recipes = {};
+
+function updateObjectWithKeyAndValue(recipes, key, value) {
+  return Object.assign({}, recipes, { [key]: value})
+}
+
+function destructivelyUpdateObjectWithKeyAndValue(recipes, key, value) {
+  recipes[key] = value;
+  return recipes;
+}
+
+function deleteFromObjectByKey(recipes, key) {
+  var newRecipes = Object.assign({}, recipes);
+  delete newRecipes[key];
+  return newRecipes;
+}
+
+function destructivelyDeleteFromObjectByKey(recipes, key) {
+  delete recipes[key];
+  return recipes;
+}