diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/collection/__init__.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/collection/__init__.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 969ac3fe..00000000
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/collection/__init__.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-from .collection import Collection
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/console/publish_command.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/console/publish_command.py
index 736bdaa4..0c6452cc 100644
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/console/publish_command.py
+++ b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/console/publish_command.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 from fastapi_startkit.console import Command
 from cleo.helpers import option
-from fastapi_startkit.helpers.string import Str
+from fastapi_startkit.support import Str
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from fastapi_startkit.application import Application
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/DD.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/DD.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 972c8cc9..00000000
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/DD.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-import inspect
-import warnings
-
-from .exceptions import DumpException
-
-
-warnings.warn(
-    "DD class will be removed in Masonite 5. Please use Dump facade instead.",
-    DeprecationWarning,
-)
-
-
-class DD:
-    def __init__(self, container):
-        self.app = container
-
-    def die_and_dump(self, *args):
-        """Dump all provided args and die, ie raise a DumpException."""
-        self.dump(*args)
-        raise DumpException
-
-    def dump(self, *args):
-        """Dump all provided args and let flow continue. This does not raise a DumpException."""
-        print(
-            inspect.stack()[1].function,
-            inspect.stack()[1].filename,
-            inspect.stack()[1].lineno,
-        )
-        if self.app.has("ObjDumpList"):
-            dump_list = self.app.make("ObjDumpList")
-        else:
-            dump_list = []
-        start = len(dump_list)
-        for i, obj in enumerate(args):
-            dump_name = f"ObjDump{start + i}"
-            self.app.bind(dump_name, obj)
-            dump_list.append(dump_name)
-        self.app.bind("ObjDumpList", dump_list)
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/ExceptionHandler.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/ExceptionHandler.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 43aefb4a..00000000
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/ExceptionHandler.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-class ExceptionHandler:
-    def __init__(self, application, driver_config=None):
-        self.application = application
-        self.drivers = {}
-        self.driver_config = driver_config or {}
-        self.options = {}
-
-    def set_options(self, options):
-        self.options = options
-        return self
-
-    def add_driver(self, name, driver):
-        self.drivers.update({name: driver})
-
-    def set_configuration(self, config):
-        self.driver_config = config
-        return self
-
-    def get_driver(self, name=None):
-        if name is None:
-            return self.drivers[self.driver_config.get("default")]
-        return self.drivers[name]
-
-    def get_config_options(self, driver=None):
-        if driver is None:
-            return self.driver_config[self.driver_config.get("default")]
-
-        return self.driver_config.get(driver, {})
-
-    def handle(self, exception):
-        response = self.application.make("response")
-        request = self.application.make("request")
-
-        self.application.make("event").fire(f"masonite.exception.{exception.__class__.__name__}", exception)
-
-        # add headers to response if any
-        if hasattr(exception, "get_headers"):
-            headers = exception.get_headers()
-            response.with_headers(headers)
-
-        # if an exception handler is registered for this exception, use it instead
-        # add headers to response if any
-        if hasattr(exception, "get_headers"):
-            headers = exception.get_headers()
-            response.with_headers(headers)
-
-        if self.application.has(f"{exception.__class__.__name__}Handler"):
-            return self.application.make(f"{exception.__class__.__name__}Handler").handle(exception)
-
-        # handle exception in production
-        if not self.application.is_debug():
-            # for HTTP error codes (500, 404, 403...) a specific page should be displayed
-            # if a renderable exception is raised let it be displayed
-            if hasattr(exception, "is_http_exception") or hasattr(exception, "get_response"):
-                return self.application.make("HttpExceptionHandler").handle(exception)
-
-            # else fallback to an unknown exception that should be displayed as a 500 error
-            exception.get_status = lambda: 500
-            exception.get_response = lambda: str(exception) or "Unknown error"
-            return self.application.make("HttpExceptionHandler").handle(exception)
-
-        # handle exception in development mode with Exceptionite
-        exceptionite = self.get_driver("exceptionite")
-        exceptionite.start(exception)
-        exceptionite.render("terminal")
-
-        if request.accepts_json():
-            return response.view(exceptionite.render("json"), status=500)
-        else:
-            return response.view(exceptionite.render("web"), status=500)
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/__init__.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/__init__.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 590a19b7..00000000
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/__init__.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-from .ExceptionHandler import ExceptionHandler
-from .handlers.DumpExceptionHandler import DumpExceptionHandler
-from .handlers.HttpExceptionHandler import HttpExceptionHandler
-from .handlers.ModelNotFoundHandler import ModelNotFoundHandler
-from .DD import DD
-from .exceptions import (
-    AuthorizationException,
-    InvalidRouteCompileException,
-    RouteMiddlewareNotFound,
-    ContainerError,
-    MissingContainerBindingNotFound,
-    StrictContainerException,
-    ResponseError,
-    InvalidHTTPStatusCode,
-    RequiredContainerBindingNotFound,
-    ViewException,
-    RouteNotFoundException,
-    DumpException,
-    InvalidSecretKey,
-    InvalidCSRFToken,
-    NotificationException,
-    InvalidToken,
-    ProjectLimitReached,
-    ProjectProviderTimeout,
-    ProjectProviderHttpError,
-    ProjectTargetNotEmpty,
-    MixFileNotFound,
-    MixManifestNotFound,
-    InvalidConfigurationLocation,
-    InvalidConfigurationSetup,
-    InvalidPackageName,
-    LoaderNotFound,
-    QueueException,
-    AmbiguousError,
-    MethodNotAllowedException,
-    ModelNotFoundException,
-    ThrottleRequestsException,
-)
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/exceptionite/blocks.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/exceptionite/blocks.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 0236b09d..00000000
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/exceptionite/blocks.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,101 +0,0 @@
-from exceptionite import Block
-
-from ... import __version__
-from ...helpers import optional
-from ...utils.str import get_controller_name
-
-
-def recursive_serializer(data):
-    if isinstance(data, (int, bool, str, bytes)):
-        return data
-    elif isinstance(data, (list, tuple)):
-        return [recursive_serializer(item) for item in data]
-    elif isinstance(data, dict):
-        return {key: recursive_serializer(val) for key, val in data.items()}
-    elif callable(data):
-        return str(data)
-    elif hasattr(data, "serialize"):
-        return data.serialize()
-    else:
-        return str(data)
-
-
-class AppBlock(Block):
-    id = "application"
-    name = "Application"
-    icon = "DesktopComputerIcon"
-    has_sections = True
-
-    def build(self):
-        request = self.handler.app.make("request")
-        route = request.get_route()
-
-        data = {
-            "Info": {
-                "Masonite Version": __version__,
-                "Environment": self.handler.app.environment(),
-                "Debug": self.handler.app.is_debug(),
-            }
-        }
-
-        # add app route data
-        if route:
-            data.update(
-                {
-                    "Route": {
-                        "Controller": get_controller_name(route.controller),
-                        "Name": route.get_name(),
-                        "Middlewares": route.get_middlewares(),
-                    }
-                }
-            )
-
-        # add user route data
-        user = request.user()
-        if user:
-            data.update(
-                {
-                    "User": {
-                        "E-mail": optional(user).email,
-                        "ID": optional(user).id,
-                    }
-                }
-            )
-
-        return data
-
-
-class RequestBlock(Block):
-    id = "request"
-    name = "Request"
-    icon = "SwitchHorizontalIcon"
-    has_sections = True
-
-    def build(self):
-        request = self.handler.app.make("request")
-        # serialize inputs (e.g. in case of file)
-        inputs = {}
-        for name, value in request.all().items():
-            inputs[name] = recursive_serializer(value)
-        return {
-            "Parameters": {
-                "Path": request.get_path(),
-                "Input": inputs or None,
-                "Request Method": request.get_request_method(),
-            },
-            "Headers": request.header_bag.to_dict(),
-        }
-
-
-class ConfigBlock(Block):
-    id = "config"
-    name = "Configuration"
-    icon = "CogIcon"
-    has_sections = True
-
-    def build(self):
-        data = {}
-        for section, config_data in self.handler.app.make("config").all().items():
-            section_name = section.title()
-            data[section_name] = recursive_serializer(config_data)
-        return data
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/exceptionite/controllers.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/exceptionite/controllers.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 35fd676c..00000000
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/exceptionite/controllers.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-from ...request import Request
-from ...controllers import Controller
-from ...response import Response
-
-
-class ExceptioniteController(Controller):
-    def run_action(self, request: Request, response: Response):
-        handler = request.app.make("exception_handler").get_driver("exceptionite")
-        data = handler.run_action(request.input("action_id"), request.input("options"))
-        try:
-            return response.json({"message": "ok", "data": data}, 200)
-        except:  # noqa: E722
-            return response.json({"message": "An error happened", "data": data}, 400)
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/exceptionite/solutions.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/exceptionite/solutions.py
deleted file mode 100644
index b5b8bf6d..00000000
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/exceptionite/solutions.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-class TableNotFound:
-    def title(self):
-        return "Table Not Found"
-
-    def description(self):
-        return "You are trying to make a query on a table that cannot be found. Check that :table migration exists and that migrations have been ran with 'python craft migrate' command."
-
-    def regex(self):
-        return r"no such table: (?P<table>(\w+))"
-
-
-class MissingCSRFToken:
-    def title(self):
-        return "Missing CSRF Token"
-
-    def description(self):
-        return "You are trying to make a sensitive request without providing a CSRF token. Your request might be vulnerable to Cross Site Request Forgery. To resolve this issue you should use {{ csrf_field }} in HTML forms or add X-CSRF-TOKEN header in AJAX requests."
-
-    def regex(self):
-        return r"Missing CSRF Token"
-
-
-class InvalidCSRFToken:
-    def title(self):
-        return "The session does not match the CSRF token"
-
-    def description(self):
-        return "Try clearing your cookies for the localhost domain in your browsers developer tools."
-
-    def regex(self):
-        return r"Invalid CSRF Token"
-
-
-class TemplateNotFound:
-    def title(self):
-        return "Template Not Found"
-
-    def description(self):
-        return """':template.html' view file has not been found in registered view locations. Please verify the spelling of the template and that it exists in locations declared in Kernel file. You can check
-        available view locations with app.make('view.locations')."""
-
-    def regex(self):
-        return r"Template '(?P<template>(\w+))' not found"
-
-
-class NoneResponse:
-    def title(self):
-        return "Response cannot be None"
-
-    def description(self):
-        return """Ensure that the controller method used in this request returned something. A controller method cannot return None or nothing.
-        If you don't want to return a value you can return an empty string ''."""
-
-    def regex(self):
-        return r"Responses cannot be of type: None."
-
-
-class RouteMiddlewareNotFound:
-    def title(self):
-        return "Did you register the middleware key in your Kernel.py file?"
-
-    def description(self):
-        return "Check your Kernel.py file inside your 'route_middleware' attribute and look for a :middleware key"
-
-    def regex(self):
-        return r"Could not find the \'(?P<middleware>(\w+))\' middleware key"
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/exceptionite/tabs.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/exceptionite/tabs.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 2fd50fbc..00000000
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/exceptionite/tabs.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-from exceptionite import Tab
-
-
-class DumpsTab(Tab):
-    id = "dumps"
-    name = "Dumps"
-    component = "DumpsTab"
-    icon = "CodeIcon"
-    advertise_content = True
-    empty_msg = "Nothing dumped !"
-
-    def build(self):
-        dumps = self.handler.app.make("dumper").get_serialized_dumps()
-        return {
-            "dumps": dumps,
-        }
-
-    def has_content(self):
-        return len(self.handler.app.make("dumper").get_dumps()) > 0
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/handlers/DumpExceptionHandler.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/handlers/DumpExceptionHandler.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 3a75182b..00000000
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/handlers/DumpExceptionHandler.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,102 +0,0 @@
-import inspect
-import os
-
-from ...utils.filesystem import get_module_dir
-
-
-def is_property(obj):
-    return not inspect.ismethod(obj)
-
-
-def is_local(obj_name, obj):
-    return (
-        not obj_name.startswith("__")
-        and not obj_name.endswith("__")
-        and not type(obj).__name__ == "builtin_function_or_method"
-    )
-
-
-def serialize_property(obj):
-    if isinstance(obj, list):
-        local_list = []
-        for subobj in obj:
-            local_list.append(serialize_property(subobj))
-        return local_list
-    elif isinstance(obj, dict):
-        local_dict = {}
-        for key, val in obj.items():
-            local_dict.update({key: serialize_property(val)})
-        return local_dict
-    elif hasattr(obj, "serialize"):
-        return obj.serialize()
-    else:
-        return str(obj)
-
-
-class DumpExceptionHandler:
-    def __init__(self, application):
-        self.application = application
-
-        self.assets_path = os.path.join(get_module_dir(__file__), "../../templates/assets")
-        self.styles = []
-        self.scripts = []
-
-    def add_style(self, file):
-        with open(os.path.join(self.assets_path, file), "r") as f:
-            self.styles.append(f.read())
-
-    def add_script(self, file):
-        with open(os.path.join(self.assets_path, file), "r") as f:
-            self.scripts.append(f.read())
-
-    def get_scripts(self):
-        scripts_str = ""
-        for script in self.scripts:
-            scripts_str += f"<script>{script}</script>\n"
-        return scripts_str
-
-    def get_styles(self):
-        styles_str = ""
-        for style in self.styles:
-            styles_str += f"<style>{style}</style>\n"
-        return styles_str
-
-    def handle(self, exception):
-        dumps = []
-        # for dump in self.application.make("dumper").get_dumps():
-        # for obj_name, obj in dump.objects.items():
-        # all_members = inspect.getmembers(obj, predicate=inspect.ismethod)
-        # all_properties = inspect.getmembers(obj, predicate=is_property)
-        # members = {
-        #     name: str(member)
-        #     for name, member in all_members
-        #     if is_local(name, member)
-        # }
-        # properties = {
-        #     name: serialize_property(prop)
-        #     for name, prop in all_properties
-        #     if is_local(name, prop)
-        # }
-        # dumps.append(
-        #     {
-        #         "name": obj_name,
-        #         "obj": str(obj),
-        #         "members": members,
-        #         "properties": properties,
-        #     }
-        # )
-        dumps = self.application.make("dumper").get_serialized_dumps()
-        self.add_style("tailwind.css")
-        self.add_style("github-dark.min.css")
-        self.add_script("highlight.min.js")
-
-        return self.application.make("response").view(
-            self.application.make("view").render(
-                "/masonite/templates/dump",
-                {
-                    "styles": self.get_styles(),
-                    "scripts": self.get_scripts(),
-                    "dumps": dumps,
-                },
-            )
-        )
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/handlers/HttpExceptionHandler.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/handlers/HttpExceptionHandler.py
deleted file mode 100644
index a6f57385..00000000
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/handlers/HttpExceptionHandler.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-class HttpExceptionHandler:
-    def __init__(self, application):
-        self.application = application
-
-    def handle(self, exception):
-        status_code = exception.get_status()
-        view_name = f"errors/{status_code}"
-        response = self.application.make("response")
-        request = self.application.make("request")
-
-        if request.accepts_json():
-            payload = {
-                "status": exception.get_status(),
-                "message": exception.get_response(),
-            }
-            return response.json(payload, status_code)
-
-        # Renders HTTP exception as HTML with predefined error page if exists
-        if self.application.make("view").exists(view_name):
-            return response.view(
-                self.application.make("view").render(f"errors/{status_code}", {"message": exception.get_response()}),
-                status_code,
-            )
-        else:
-            # Else render the exception without using template
-            return response.view(exception.get_response(), status_code)
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/handlers/ModelNotFoundHandler.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/handlers/ModelNotFoundHandler.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 68d53106..00000000
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/handlers/ModelNotFoundHandler.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-from ..exceptions import ModelNotFoundException
-
-
-class ModelNotFoundHandler:
-    def __init__(self, application):
-        self.application = application
-
-    def handle(self, exception):
-        masonite_exception = ModelNotFoundException("No record found with the given primary key")
-        self.application.make("response").status(404)
-        self.application.make("exception_handler").handle(masonite_exception)
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/facades/Auth.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/facades/Auth.py
deleted file mode 100644
index ddeb848d..00000000
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/facades/Auth.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-from .Facade import Facade
-
-
-class Auth(metaclass=Facade):
-    key = "auth"
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/facades/Auth.pyi b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/facades/Auth.pyi
deleted file mode 100644
index 514777ed..00000000
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/facades/Auth.pyi
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Tuple, List
-
-if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from ..routes import Route
-
-class Auth:
-    """Authentication facade."""
-
-    def add_guard(name: str, guard: Any): ...
-    def set_configuration(config: dict): ...
-    def guard(guard: Any) -> "Auth": ...
-    def get_guard(name: str = None) -> Any: ...
-    def get_config_options(guard: Any = None) -> dict: ...
-    def attempt(email: str, password: str, once: bool = False) -> Any: ...
-    def attempt_by_id(user_id: int, once: bool = False) -> Any: ...
-    def logout(self) -> "Auth":
-        """Logout the current authenticated user."""
-        ...
-    def user(self) -> Any:
-        """Get the current authenticated user."""
-        ...
-    def register(dictionary: dict) -> Any:
-        """"""
-        ...
-    def password_reset(email: str) -> "Tuple[None, None]|Tuple[int,str]":
-        """Reset password of the user with the given email."""
-        ...
-    def reset_password(password: str, token: str) -> bool:
-        """Reset password of the user with the given authentication token."""
-        ...
-    @classmethod
-    def routes(self) -> List[Route]: ...
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/facades/Inertia.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/facades/Inertia.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 3e74a14e..00000000
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/facades/Inertia.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-from .Facade import Facade
-
-
-class Inertia(metaclass=Facade):
-    key = "inertia"
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/facades/__init__.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/facades/__init__.py
index da562fb2..a8e5d064 100644
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/facades/__init__.py
+++ b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/facades/__init__.py
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 from .Session import Session
 from .View import View
 from .Gate import Gate
-from .Auth import Auth
 from .Config import Config
 from .Loader import Loader
 from .Notification import Notification
@@ -16,4 +15,3 @@
 from .Cache import Cache
 from .RateLimiter import RateLimiter
 from .Broadcast import Broadcast
-from .Inertia import Inertia
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/loader/Loader.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/loader/Loader.py
index c243b3cd..07b01cde 100644
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/loader/Loader.py
+++ b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/loader/Loader.py
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@
 import pkgutil
 
 from ..exceptions import LoaderNotFound
-from ..utils.str import as_filepath
 from ..utils.structures import load
 
 
@@ -18,7 +17,7 @@ def get_modules(self, files_or_directories, raise_exception=False):
             files_or_directories = [files_or_directories]
 
         _modules = {}
-        module_paths = list(map(as_filepath, files_or_directories))
+        module_paths = list(map(lambda p: p.replace(".", "/"), files_or_directories))
         for module_loader, name, _ in pkgutil.iter_modules(module_paths):
             module = load(
                 f"{module_loader.path}/{name}.py",
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/logging/channels/DailyChannel.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/logging/channels/DailyChannel.py
index a263ab2e..06bb6669 100644
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/logging/channels/DailyChannel.py
+++ b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/logging/channels/DailyChannel.py
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-from ..factory import DriverFactory
-from fastapi_startkit.facades import Config
-from fastapi_startkit.utils.filesystem import make_directory
 import os
+
+from fastapi_startkit.facades import Config
 from .BaseChannel import BaseChannel
+from ..factory import DriverFactory
+from ..file import make_directory
 
 
 class DailyChannel(BaseChannel):
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/logging/channels/SingleChannel.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/logging/channels/SingleChannel.py
index 69b9513c..bb3667e5 100644
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/logging/channels/SingleChannel.py
+++ b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/logging/channels/SingleChannel.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from ..factory import DriverFactory
 from fastapi_startkit.facades import Config
-from fastapi_startkit.utils.filesystem import make_directory
+from ..file import make_directory
 from .BaseChannel import BaseChannel
 
 
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/logging/channels/SyslogChannel.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/logging/channels/SyslogChannel.py
index a20c1a7d..c699c642 100644
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/logging/channels/SyslogChannel.py
+++ b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/logging/channels/SyslogChannel.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from ..factory import DriverFactory
 from fastapi_startkit.facades import Config
-from fastapi_startkit.utils.filesystem import make_directory
+from ..file import make_directory
 from .BaseChannel import BaseChannel
 
 
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/logging/drivers/LogTerminalDriver.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/logging/drivers/LogTerminalDriver.py
index 3c929fc8..c263d7f5 100644
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/logging/drivers/LogTerminalDriver.py
+++ b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/logging/drivers/LogTerminalDriver.py
@@ -1,8 +1,18 @@
-# from logging import Logger
+from .BaseDriver import BaseDriver
 
-from fastapi_startkit.utils.console import HasColoredOutput
 
-from .BaseDriver import BaseDriver
+class HasColoredOutput:
+    def success(self, message):
+        print("\033[92m {0} \033[0m".format(message))
+
+    def warning(self, message):
+        print("\033[93m {0} \033[0m".format(message))
+
+    def danger(self, message):
+        print("\033[91m {0} \033[0m".format(message))
+
+    def info(self, message):
+        return self.success(message)
 
 
 class LogTerminalDriver(BaseDriver, HasColoredOutput):
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/logging/file.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/logging/file.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..917b5dbd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/logging/file.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import os
+
+
+def make_directory(directory):
+    """Create a directory at the given path for a file if it does not exist"""
+    if not os.path.isfile(directory):
+        if not os.path.exists(os.path.dirname(directory)):
+            # Create the path to the model if it does not exist
+            os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(directory))
+
+        return True
+
+    return False
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/masoniteorm/collection/Collection.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/masoniteorm/collection/Collection.py
index 0ef2c4c9..7cb2cc86 100644
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/masoniteorm/collection/Collection.py
+++ b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/masoniteorm/collection/Collection.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from fastapi_startkit.collection import Collection as BaseCollection
+from fastapi_startkit.support.collection import Collection as BaseCollection
 
 
 class Collection(BaseCollection):
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/masoniteorm/commands/MakeMigrationCommand.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/masoniteorm/commands/MakeMigrationCommand.py
index 0aa17efb..9f5db9c2 100644
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/masoniteorm/commands/MakeMigrationCommand.py
+++ b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/masoniteorm/commands/MakeMigrationCommand.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 import pathlib
 from inflection import tableize
 from cleo.helpers import argument, option
-from fastapi_startkit.helpers.string import Str
+from fastapi_startkit.support import Str
 from fastapi_startkit.console import Command
 
 
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/providers/Provider.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/providers/Provider.py
index 04059023..d2e6a831 100644
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/providers/Provider.py
+++ b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/providers/Provider.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
-from fastapi_startkit.helpers.string import Str
+from fastapi_startkit.support import Str
 
 from fastapi_startkit.helpers.dataclass import Dataclass
 
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/data/mime.types b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/storage/data/mime.types
similarity index 100%
rename from fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/data/mime.types
rename to fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/storage/data/mime.types
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/storage/drivers/local.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/storage/drivers/local.py
index 2d677495..b932a0f0 100644
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/storage/drivers/local.py
+++ b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/storage/drivers/local.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 from ..filestream import FileStream
 from ..file import File
-from ...utils.filesystem import get_extension
+from ..helper import get_extension
 
 
 class LocalDriver:
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/storage/drivers/s3.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/storage/drivers/s3.py
index 3853ae99..a5ca66fe 100644
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/storage/drivers/s3.py
+++ b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/storage/drivers/s3.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 import uuid
 
 from ..file import File
-from ...utils.filesystem import get_extension
+from ..helper import get_extension
 
 
 class S3Driver:
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/storage/file.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/storage/file.py
index 6f506594..c19ddc7a 100644
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/storage/file.py
+++ b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/storage/file.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import hashlib
 
-from ..utils.filesystem import get_extension
+from .helper import get_extension
 
 
 class File:
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/storage/filestream.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/storage/filestream.py
index e0e8d708..7084cc3a 100644
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/storage/filestream.py
+++ b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/storage/filestream.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import os
 
-from ..utils.filesystem import get_extension
+from .helper import get_extension
 
 
 class FileStream:
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/storage/helper.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/storage/helper.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..08c62a49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/storage/helper.py
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+import mimetypes
+import os
+import pathlib
+
+
+def get_module_dir(module_file):
+    return os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(module_file))
+
+
+mimetypes.init([os.path.join(get_module_dir(__file__), "data/mime.types")])
+
+KNOWN_MIME_TYPES = mimetypes.types_map.keys()
+
+
+def get_extension(filepath: str, without_dot=False) -> str:
+    """Get a file extension from a filepath. If without_dot= True, the prefix will be removed from
+    the extension."""
+    extension_parts = pathlib.Path(filepath).suffixes
+    extension = ""
+    if extension_parts:
+        # try to join all the parts until only one part to check if it's a known extension
+        for i in range(len(extension_parts)):
+            try_extension = "".join(extension_parts[i:])
+            if try_extension in KNOWN_MIME_TYPES:
+                extension = try_extension
+                break
+        # if no known extension found, return the last part as the extension
+        if not extension:
+            extension = extension_parts[-1]
+
+        if without_dot:
+            extension = extension[1:]
+    return extension
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/support/__init__.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/support/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e8f3e426
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/support/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+from .collection import Collection, collect
+from .string import Str, Stringable
+
+__all__ = ["Collection", "collect", "Str", "Stringable"]
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/collection/collection.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/support/collection.py
similarity index 98%
rename from fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/collection/collection.py
rename to fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/support/collection.py
index 84960a6a..3313c144 100644
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/collection/collection.py
+++ b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/support/collection.py
@@ -555,7 +555,11 @@ def _make_comparison(self, a, b, op):
             ">": operator.gt,
             ">=": operator.ge,
         }
-        return operators[op](str(a), str(b))
+        # Use numeric comparison when both values are numeric
+        try:
+            return operators[op](float(a), float(b))
+        except (TypeError, ValueError):
+            return operators[op](str(a), str(b))
 
     def __iter__(self):
         for item in self._items:
@@ -611,3 +615,8 @@ def __get_items(cls, items):
             items = items.all()
 
         return items
+
+
+def collect(items=None) -> Collection:
+    """Shortcut to wrap items in a Collection."""
+    return Collection(items or [])
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/helpers/string.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/support/string.py
similarity index 100%
rename from fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/helpers/string.py
rename to fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/support/string.py
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/__init__.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/__init__.py
deleted file mode 100644
index e69de29b..00000000
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/collections.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/collections.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 2c5e2384..00000000
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/collections.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,543 +0,0 @@
-import json
-import random
-import operator
-from functools import reduce
-from dotty_dict import Dotty
-
-from .structures import data_get
-
-
-class Collection:
-    """Wraps various data types to make working with them easier."""
-
-    def __init__(self, items=None):
-        self._items = items or []
-        self.__appends__ = []
-
-    def take(self, number: int):
-        """Takes a specific number of results from the items.
-
-        Arguments:
-            number {integer} -- The number of results to take.
-
-        Returns:
-            int
-        """
-        if number < 0:
-            return self[number:]
-
-        return self[:number]
-
-    def first(self, callback=None):
-        """Takes the first result in the items.
-
-        If a callback is given then the first result will be the result after the filter.
-
-        Keyword Arguments:
-            callback {callable} -- Used to filter the results before returning the first item. (default: {None})
-
-        Returns:
-            mixed -- Returns whatever the first item is.
-        """
-        filtered = self
-        if callback:
-            filtered = self.filter(callback)
-        response = None
-        if filtered:
-            response = filtered[0]
-        return response
-
-    def last(self, callback=None):
-        """Takes the last result in the items.
-
-        If a callback is given then the last result will be the result after the filter.
-
-        Keyword Arguments:
-            callback {callable} -- Used to filter the results before returning the last item. (default: {None})
-
-        Returns:
-            mixed -- Returns whatever the last item is.
-        """
-        filtered = self
-        if callback:
-            filtered = self.filter(callback)
-        return filtered[-1]
-
-    def all(self):
-        """Returns all the items.
-
-        Returns:
-            mixed -- Returns all items.
-        """
-        return self._items
-
-    def avg(self, key=None):
-        """Returns the average of the items.
-
-        If a key is given it will return the average of all the values of the key.
-
-        Keyword Arguments:
-            key {string} -- The key to use to find the average of all the values of that key. (default: {None})
-
-        Returns:
-            int -- Returns the average.
-        """
-        result = 0
-        items = self._get_value(key) or self._items
-        try:
-            result = sum(items) / len(items)
-        except TypeError:
-            pass
-        return result
-
-    def max(self, key=None):
-        """Returns the average of the items.
-
-        If a key is given it will return the average of all the values of the key.
-
-        Keyword Arguments:
-            key {string} -- The key to use to find the average of all the values of that key. (default: {None})
-
-        Returns:
-            int -- Returns the average.
-        """
-        result = 0
-        items = self._get_value(key) or self._items
-
-        try:
-            return max(items)
-        except (TypeError, ValueError):
-            pass
-        return result
-
-    def chunk(self, size: int):
-        """Chunks the items.
-
-        Keyword Arguments:
-            size {integer} -- The number of values in each chunk.
-
-        Returns:
-            int -- Returns the average.
-        """
-        items = []
-        for i in range(0, self.count(), size):
-            items.append(self[i : i + size])
-        return self.__class__(items)
-
-    def collapse(self):
-        items = []
-        for item in self:
-            items += self.__get_items(item)
-        return self.__class__(items)
-
-    def contains(self, key, value=None):
-        if value:
-            return self.contains(lambda x: self._data_get(x, key) == value)
-
-        if self._check_is_callable(key, raise_exception=False):
-            return self.first(key) is not None
-
-        return key in self
-
-    def count(self):
-        return len(self._items)
-
-    def diff(self, items):
-        items = self.__get_items(items)
-        return self.__class__([x for x in self if x not in items])
-
-    def each(self, callback):
-        self._check_is_callable(callback)
-
-        for k, v in enumerate(self):
-            result = callback(v)
-            if not result:
-                break
-            self[k] = result
-
-    def every(self, callback):
-        self._check_is_callable(callback)
-        return all([callback(x) for x in self])
-
-    def filter(self, callback):
-        self._check_is_callable(callback)
-        return self.__class__(list(filter(callback, self)))
-
-    def flatten(self):
-        def _flatten(items):
-            if isinstance(items, dict):
-                for v in items.values():
-                    for x in _flatten(v):
-                        yield x
-            elif isinstance(items, list):
-                for i in items:
-                    for j in _flatten(i):
-                        yield j
-            else:
-                yield items
-
-        return self.__class__(list(_flatten(self._items)))
-
-    def forget(self, *keys):
-        keys = reversed(sorted(keys))
-
-        for key in keys:
-            del self[key]
-
-        return self
-
-    def for_page(self, page, number):
-        return self.__class__(self[page:number])
-
-    def get(self, key, default=None):
-        try:
-            return self[key]
-        except IndexError:
-            pass
-
-        return self._value(default)
-
-    def implode(self, glue=",", key=None):
-        first = self.first()
-        if not isinstance(first, str) and key:
-            return glue.join(self.pluck(key))
-        return glue.join([str(x) for x in self])
-
-    def is_empty(self):
-        return not self
-
-    def map(self, callback):
-        self._check_is_callable(callback)
-        items = [callback(x) for x in self]
-        return self.__class__(items)
-
-    def map_into(self, cls, method=None, **kwargs):
-        results = []
-        for item in self:
-            if method:
-                results.append(getattr(cls, method)(item, **kwargs))
-            else:
-                results.append(cls(item))
-
-        return self.__class__(results)
-
-    def merge(self, items):
-        if not isinstance(items, list):
-            raise ValueError("Unable to merge uncompatible types")
-
-        items = self.__get_items(items)
-
-        self._items += items
-        return self
-
-    def pluck(self, value, key=None):
-        if key:
-            attributes = {}
-        else:
-            attributes = []
-
-        if isinstance(self._items, dict):
-            return Collection([self._items.get(value)])
-
-        for item in self:
-            if isinstance(item, dict):
-                iterable = item.items()
-            elif hasattr(item, "serialize"):
-                iterable = item.serialize().items()
-            else:
-                iterable = self.all().items()
-
-            for k, v in iterable:
-                if k == value:
-                    if key:
-                        attributes[self._data_get(item, key)] = self._data_get(item, value)
-                    else:
-                        attributes.append(v)
-
-        return Collection(attributes)
-
-    def pop(self):
-        last = self._items.pop()
-        return last
-
-    def prepend(self, value):
-        self._items.insert(0, value)
-        return self
-
-    def pull(self, key):
-        value = self.get(key)
-        self.forget(key)
-        return value
-
-    def push(self, value):
-        self._items.append(value)
-
-    def put(self, key, value):
-        self[key] = value
-        return self
-
-    def random(self, count=None):
-        """Returns a random item of the collection."""
-        collection_count = self.count()
-        if collection_count == 0:
-            return None
-        elif count and count > collection_count:
-            raise ValueError("count argument must be inferior to collection length.")
-        elif count:
-            self._items = random.sample(self._items, k=count)
-            return self
-        else:
-            return random.choice(self._items)
-
-    def reduce(self, callback, initial=0):
-        return reduce(callback, self, initial)
-
-    def reject(self, callback):
-        self._check_is_callable(callback)
-
-        items = self._get_value(callback) or self._items
-        self._items = items
-
-    def reverse(self):
-        self._items = self[::-1]
-
-    def serialize(self):
-        def _serialize(item):
-            if self.__appends__:
-                item.set_appends(self.__appends__)
-
-            if hasattr(item, "serialize"):
-                return item.serialize()
-            elif hasattr(item, "to_dict"):
-                return item.to_dict()
-            return item
-
-        return list(map(_serialize, self))
-
-    def add_relation(self, result=None):
-        for model in self._items:
-            model.add_relations(result or {})
-
-        return self
-
-    def shift(self):
-        return self.pull(0)
-
-    def sort(self, key=None):
-        if key:
-            self._items.sort(key=lambda x: x[key], reverse=False)
-            return self
-
-        self._items = sorted(self)
-        return self
-
-    def sum(self, key=None):
-        result = 0
-        items = self._get_value(key) or self._items
-        try:
-            result = sum(items)
-        except TypeError:
-            pass
-        return result
-
-    def to_json(self, **kwargs):
-        return json.dumps(self.serialize(), **kwargs)
-
-    def group_by(self, key):
-
-        from itertools import groupby
-
-        self.sort(key)
-
-        new_dict = {}
-
-        for k, v in groupby(self._items, key=lambda x: x[key]):
-            new_dict.update({k: list(v)})
-
-        return Collection(new_dict)
-
-    def transform(self, callback):
-        self._check_is_callable(callback)
-        self._items = self._get_value(callback)
-
-    def unique(self, key=None):
-        if not key:
-            items = list(set(self._items))
-            return self.__class__(items)
-
-        keys = set()
-        items = []
-        if isinstance(self.all(), dict):
-            return self
-
-        for item in self:
-            if isinstance(item, dict):
-                comparison = item.get(key)
-            elif isinstance(item, str):
-                comparison = item
-            else:
-                comparison = getattr(item, key)
-            if comparison not in keys:
-                items.append(item)
-                keys.add(comparison)
-
-        return self.__class__(items)
-
-    def where(self, key, *args):
-        op = "=="
-        value = args[0]
-
-        if len(args) >= 2:
-            op = args[0]
-            value = args[1]
-
-        attributes = []
-
-        for item in self._items:
-            if isinstance(item, dict):
-                comparison = item.get(key)
-            else:
-                comparison = getattr(item, key)
-            if self._make_comparison(comparison, value, op):
-                attributes.append(item)
-
-        return self.__class__(attributes)
-
-    def zip(self, items):
-        items = self.__get_items(items)
-        if not isinstance(items, list):
-            raise ValueError("The 'items' parameter must be a list or a Collection")
-
-        _items = []
-        for x, y in zip(self, items):
-            _items.append([x, y])
-        return self.__class__(_items)
-
-    def set_appends(self, appends):
-        """
-        Set the attributes that should be appended to the Collection.
-
-        :rtype: list
-        """
-        self.__appends__ += appends
-        return self
-
-    def _get_value(self, key):
-        if not key:
-            return None
-
-        items = []
-        for item in self:
-            if isinstance(key, str):
-                if hasattr(item, key) or (key in item):
-                    items.append(getattr(item, key, item[key]))
-            elif callable(key):
-                result = key(item)
-                if result:
-                    items.append(result)
-        return items
-
-    def _data_get(self, item, key, default=None):
-        try:
-            if isinstance(item, (list, tuple)):
-                item = item[key]
-            elif isinstance(item, (dict, Dotty)):
-                item = data_get(item, key, default)
-            elif isinstance(item, object):
-                item = getattr(item, key)
-        except (IndexError, AttributeError, KeyError, TypeError):
-            return self._value(default)
-
-        return item
-
-    def _value(self, value):
-        if callable(value):
-            return value()
-        return value
-
-    def _check_is_callable(self, callback, raise_exception=True):
-        if not callable(callback):
-            if not raise_exception:
-                return False
-            raise ValueError("The 'callback' should be a function")
-        return True
-
-    def _make_comparison(self, a, b, op):
-        operators = {
-            "<": operator.lt,
-            "<=": operator.le,
-            "==": operator.eq,
-            "!=": operator.ne,
-            ">": operator.gt,
-            ">=": operator.ge,
-        }
-        return operators[op](a, b)
-
-    def __iter__(self):
-        for item in self._items:
-            yield item
-
-    def __eq__(self, other):
-        if isinstance(other, Collection):
-            return other == other.all()
-        return other == self._items
-
-    def __getitem__(self, item):
-        if isinstance(item, slice):
-            return self.__class__(self._items[item])
-
-        return self._items[item]
-
-    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
-        self._items[key] = value
-
-    def __delitem__(self, key):
-        del self._items[key]
-
-    def __ne__(self, other):
-        other = self.__get_items(other)
-        return other != self._items
-
-    def __len__(self):
-        return len(self._items)
-
-    def __le__(self, other):
-        other = self.__get_items(other)
-        return self._items <= other
-
-    def __lt__(self, other):
-        other = self.__get_items(other)
-        return self._items < other
-
-    def __ge__(self, other):
-        other = self.__get_items(other)
-        return self._items >= other
-
-    def __gt__(self, other):
-        other = self.__get_items(other)
-        return self._items > other
-
-    @classmethod
-    def __get_items(cls, items):
-        if isinstance(items, Collection):
-            items = items.all()
-
-        return items
-
-
-def collect(iterable):
-    """Transform an iterable into a collection."""
-    return Collection(iterable)
-
-
-def flatten(iterable):
-    """Flatten all sub-iterables of an iterable structure (recursively)."""
-    flat_list = []
-    for item in iterable:
-        if isinstance(item, list):
-            for subitem in flatten(item):
-                flat_list.append(subitem)
-        else:
-            flat_list.append(item)
-
-    return flat_list
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/console.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/console.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 52a4a58d..00000000
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/console.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-class HasColoredOutput:
-    """Add level-colored output print functions to a class."""
-
-    def success(self, message):
-        print("\033[92m {0} \033[0m".format(message))
-
-    def warning(self, message):
-        print("\033[93m {0} \033[0m".format(message))
-
-    def danger(self, message):
-        print("\033[91m {0} \033[0m".format(message))
-
-    def info(self, message):
-        return self.success(message)
-
-
-class AddCommandColors:
-    """The default style set used by Cleo is defined here:
-    https://github.com/sdispater/clikit/blob/master/src/clikit/formatter/default_style_set.py
-    This mixin add method helper to output errors and warnings.
-    """
-
-    def error(self, text):
-        """
-        Write a string as information output.
-
-        :param text: The line to write
-        :type text: str
-        """
-        self.line(text, "error")
-
-    def warning(self, text):
-        """
-        Write a string as information output.
-
-        :param text: The line to write
-        :type text: str
-        """
-        self.line(text, "c2")
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/filesystem.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/filesystem.py
deleted file mode 100644
index b433fd7f..00000000
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/filesystem.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,100 +0,0 @@
-import os
-import platform
-import pathlib
-import mimetypes
-
-
-def make_directory(directory):
-    """Create a directory at the given path for a file if it does not exist"""
-    if not os.path.isfile(directory):
-        if not os.path.exists(os.path.dirname(directory)):
-            # Create the path to the model if it does not exist
-            os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(directory))
-
-        return True
-
-    return False
-
-
-def file_exists(directory):
-    """Create a directory at the given path for a file if it does not exist"""
-    return os.path.exists(os.path.dirname(directory))
-
-
-def make_full_directory(directory):
-    """Create all directories to the given path if they do not exist"""
-    if not os.path.isfile(directory):
-        if not os.path.exists(directory):
-            # Create the path to the model if it does not exist
-            os.makedirs(directory)
-
-        return True
-
-    return False
-
-
-def creation_date(path_to_file):
-    """Try to get the date that a file was created, falling back to when it was
-    last modified if that isn't possible.
-    """
-    if platform.system() == "Windows":
-        return os.path.getctime(path_to_file)
-    else:
-        stat = os.stat(path_to_file)
-        try:
-            return stat.st_birthtime
-        except AttributeError:
-            # We're probably on Linux. No easy way to get creation dates here,
-            # so we'll settle for when its content was last modified.
-            return stat.st_mtime
-
-
-def modified_date(path_to_file):
-    if platform.system() == "Windows":
-        return os.path.getmtime(path_to_file)
-    else:
-        stat = os.stat(path_to_file)
-        try:
-            return stat.st_mtime
-        except AttributeError:
-            # We're probably on Linux. No easy way to get creation dates here,
-            # so we'll settle for when its content was last modified.
-            return 0
-
-
-def render_stub_file(stub_file, name):
-    """Read stub file, replace placeholders and return content."""
-    with open(stub_file, "r") as f:
-        content = f.read()
-        content = content.replace("__class__", name)
-    return content
-
-
-def get_module_dir(module_file):
-    return os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(module_file))
-
-
-mimetypes.init([os.path.join(get_module_dir(__file__), "data/mime.types")])
-
-KNOWN_MIME_TYPES = mimetypes.types_map.keys()
-
-
-def get_extension(filepath: str, without_dot=False) -> str:
-    """Get file extension from a filepath. If without_dot=True the . prefix will be removed from
-    the extension."""
-    extension_parts = pathlib.Path(filepath).suffixes
-    extension = ""
-    if extension_parts:
-        # try to join all the parts until only one part to check if it's a known extension
-        for i in range(len(extension_parts)):
-            try_extension = "".join(extension_parts[i:])
-            if try_extension in KNOWN_MIME_TYPES:
-                extension = try_extension
-                break
-        # if no known extension found, return the last part as the extension
-        if not extension:
-            extension = extension_parts[-1]
-
-        if without_dot:
-            extension = extension[1:]
-    return extension
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/http.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/http.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 06e1e1d0..00000000
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/http.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,100 +0,0 @@
-"""Helpers for working with HTTP."""
-
-HTTP_STATUS_CODES = {
-    100: "100 Continue",
-    101: "101 Switching Protocol",
-    102: "102 Processing",
-    103: "Early Hints",
-    200: "200 OK",
-    201: "201 Created",
-    202: "202 Accepted",
-    203: "203 Non-Authoritative Information",
-    204: "204 No Content",
-    205: "205 Reset Content",
-    206: "206 Partial Content",
-    207: "207 Multi-Status",
-    208: "208 Multi-Status",
-    226: "226 IM Used",
-    300: "300 Multiple Choice",
-    301: "301 Moved Permanently",
-    302: "302 Found",
-    303: "303 See Other",
-    304: "304 Not Modified",
-    307: "307 Temporary Redirect",
-    308: "308 Permanent Redirect",
-    400: "400 Bad Request",
-    401: "401 Unauthorized",
-    402: "402 Payment Required",
-    403: "403 Forbidden",
-    404: "404 Not Found",
-    405: "405 Method Not Allowed",
-    406: "406 Not Acceptable",
-    407: "407 Proxy Authentication Required",
-    408: "408 Request Timeout",
-    409: "409 Conflict",
-    410: "410 Gone",
-    411: "411 Length Required",
-    412: "412 Precondition Failed",
-    413: "413 Payload Too Large",
-    414: "414 URI Too Long",
-    415: "415 Unsupported Media Type",
-    416: "416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable",
-    417: "417 Expectation Failed",
-    418: "418 I'm a teapot",
-    421: "421 Misdirected Request",
-    422: "422 Unprocessable Entity",
-    423: "423 Locked",
-    424: "424 Failed Dependency",
-    425: "425 Too Early",
-    426: "426 Upgrade Required",
-    428: "428 Precondition Required",
-    429: "429 Too Many Requests",
-    431: "431 Request Header Fields Too Large",
-    451: "451 Unavailable For Legal Reasons",
-    500: "500 Internal Server Error",
-    501: "501 Not Implemented",
-    502: "502 Bad Gateway",
-    503: "503 Service Unavailable",
-    504: "504 Gateway Timeout",
-    505: "505 HTTP Version Not Supported",
-    506: "506 Variant Also Negotiates",
-    507: "507 Insufficient Storage",
-    508: "508 Loop Detected",
-    510: "510 Not Extended",
-    511: "511 Network Authentication Required",
-}
-
-
-def generate_wsgi(wsgi={}, path="/", query_string="", method="GET"):
-    """Generate the WSGI environment dictionary that we receive from a HTTP request."""
-    import io
-
-    data = {
-        "wsgi.version": (1, 0),
-        "wsgi.multithread": False,
-        "wsgi.multiprocess": True,
-        "wsgi.run_once": False,
-        "wsgi.input": io.BytesIO(),
-        "SERVER_SOFTWARE": "gunicorn/19.7.1",
-        "REQUEST_METHOD": method,
-        "QUERY_STRING": query_string,
-        "RAW_URI": path,
-        "SERVER_PROTOCOL": "HTTP/1.1",
-        "HTTP_HOST": "127.0.0.1:8000",
-        "HTTP_ACCEPT": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8",
-        "HTTP_UPGRADE_INSECURE_REQUESTS": "1",
-        "HTTP_COOKIE": "",
-        "HTTP_USER_AGENT": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_13_2) AppleWebKit/604.4.7 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/11.0.2 Safari/604.4.7",
-        "HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE": "en-us",
-        "HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING": "gzip, deflate",
-        "HTTP_CONNECTION": "keep-alive",
-        "wsgi.url_scheme": "http",
-        "REMOTE_ADDR": "127.0.0.1",
-        "REMOTE_PORT": "62241",
-        "SERVER_NAME": "127.0.0.1",
-        "SERVER_PORT": "8000",
-        "PATH_INFO": path,
-        "SCRIPT_NAME": "",
-    }
-    data.update(wsgi)
-    return data
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/location.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/location.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 326475ab..00000000
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/location.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,91 +0,0 @@
-"""Helpers to resolve absolute paths to the different app resources using a configured
-location."""
-
-from os.path import join, abspath
-
-from .str import as_filepath
-
-
-def _build_path(location_key, relative_path, absolute):
-    from wsgi import application
-
-    relative_dir = join(as_filepath(application.make(location_key)), relative_path)
-    return abspath(relative_dir) if absolute else relative_dir
-
-
-def base_path(relative_path=""):
-    """Build the absolute path to the project root directory or build the absolute path to a
-    given file relative to the project root directory."""
-    return abspath(relative_path)
-
-
-def views_path(relative_path="", absolute=True):
-    """Build the absolute path to the project views directory or build the absolute path to a given
-    file relative to the project views directory.
-
-    The relative path can be returned instead by setting absolute=False."""
-    return _build_path("views.location", relative_path, absolute)
-
-
-def controllers_path(relative_path="", absolute=True):
-    """Build the absolute path to the project controllers directory or build the absolute path to a given
-    file relative to the project controllers directory.
-
-    The relative path can be returned instead by setting absolute=False."""
-    return _build_path("controllers.location", relative_path, absolute)
-
-
-def mailables_path(relative_path="", absolute=True):
-    """Build the absolute path to the project controllers directory or build the absolute path to a given
-    file relative to the project controllers directory.
-
-    The relative path can be returned instead by setting absolute=False."""
-    return _build_path("mailables.location", relative_path, absolute)
-
-
-def config_path(relative_path="", absolute=True):
-    """Build the absolute path to the project configuration directory or build the absolute path to a given
-    file relative to the project configuration directory.
-
-    The relative path can be returned instead by setting absolute=False."""
-    return _build_path("config.location", relative_path, absolute)
-
-
-def migrations_path(relative_path="", absolute=True):
-    """Build the absolute path to the project migrations directory or build the absolute path to a given
-    file relative to the project migrations directory.
-
-    The relative path can be returned instead by setting absolute=False."""
-    return _build_path("migrations.location", relative_path, absolute)
-
-
-def seeds_path(relative_path="", absolute=True):
-    """Build the absolute path to the project seeds directory or build the absolute path to a given
-    file relative to the project seeds directory.
-
-    The relative path can be returned instead by setting absolute=False."""
-    return _build_path("seeds.location", relative_path, absolute)
-
-
-def jobs_path(relative_path="", absolute=True):
-    """Build the absolute path to the project jobs directory or build the absolute path to a given
-    file relative to the project jobs directory.
-
-    The relative path can be returned instead by setting absolute=False."""
-    return _build_path("jobs.location", relative_path, absolute)
-
-
-def resources_path(relative_path="", absolute=True):
-    """Build the absolute path to the project resources directory or build the absolute path to a given
-    file relative to the project resources directory.
-
-    The relative path can be returned instead by setting absolute=False."""
-    return _build_path("resources.location", relative_path, absolute)
-
-
-def models_path(relative_path="", absolute=True):
-    """Build the absolute path to the project models directory or build the absolute path to a given
-    file relative to the project models directory.
-
-    The relative path can be returned instead by setting absolute=False."""
-    return _build_path("models.location", relative_path, absolute)
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/str.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/str.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 07eeaa5e..00000000
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/str.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,116 +0,0 @@
-"""String generators and helpers"""
-
-import random
-import string
-from urllib import parse
-from typing import Any
-
-
-def random_string(length=4):
-    """Generate a random string based on the given length.
-
-    Keyword Arguments:
-        length {int} -- The amount of the characters to generate (default: {4})
-
-    Returns:
-        string
-    """
-    return "".join(random.choice(string.ascii_uppercase + string.digits) for _ in range(length))
-
-
-def modularize(file_path, suffix=".py"):
-    """Transforms a file path to a dotted path. On UNIX paths contains / and on Windows \\.
-
-    Keyword Arguments:
-        file_path {str} -- A file path such app/controllers
-
-    Returns:
-        value {str} -- a dotted path such as app.controllers
-    """
-    # if the file had the .py extension remove it as it's not needed for a module
-    return removesuffix(file_path.replace("/", ".").replace("\\", "."), suffix)
-
-
-def as_filepath(dotted_path):
-    """Inverse of modularize, transforms a dotted path to a file path (with /).
-
-    Keyword Arguments:
-        dotted_path {str} -- A dotted path such app.controllers
-
-    Returns:
-        value {str} -- a file path such as app/controllers
-    """
-    return dotted_path.replace(".", "/")
-
-
-def removeprefix(string, prefix):
-    """Implementation of str.removeprefix() function available for Python versions lower than 3.9."""
-    if string.startswith(prefix):
-        return string[len(prefix) :]
-    else:
-        return string
-
-
-def removesuffix(string, suffix):
-    """Implementation of str.removesuffix() function available for Python versions lower than 3.9."""
-    if suffix and string.endswith(suffix):
-        return string[: -len(suffix)]
-    else:
-        return string
-
-
-def match(string: str, ref_string: str) -> str:
-    """Check if a given string matches a reference string. Wildcard '*' can be used at start, end
-    or middle of the string."""
-    if ref_string.startswith("*"):
-        ref_string = ref_string.replace("*", "")
-        return string.endswith(ref_string)
-    elif ref_string.endswith("*"):
-        ref_string = ref_string.replace("*", "")
-        return string.startswith(ref_string)
-    elif "*" in ref_string:
-        split_search = ref_string.split("*")
-        return string.startswith(split_search[0]) and string.endswith(split_search[1])
-    else:
-        return ref_string == string
-
-
-def add_query_params(url: str, query_params: dict) -> str:
-    """Add query params dict to a given url (which can already contain some query parameters)."""
-    path_result = parse.urlsplit(url)
-
-    base_url = f"{path_result.scheme}://{path_result.hostname}" if path_result.hostname else ""
-    base_path = path_result.path
-
-    # parse existing query parameters if any
-    existing_query_params = dict(parse.parse_qsl(path_result.query))
-    all_query_params = {**existing_query_params, **query_params}
-
-    # add query parameters to url if any
-    if all_query_params:
-        base_path += "?" + parse.urlencode(all_query_params)
-
-    result_url = f"{base_url}{base_path}"
-
-    # add fragment if exists
-    if path_result.fragment:
-        result_url = f"{result_url}#{path_result.fragment}"
-
-    return result_url
-
-
-def get_controller_name(controller: "str|Any") -> str:
-    """Get a controller string name from a controller argument used in routes."""
-    # controller is a class or class.method
-    if hasattr(controller, "__qualname__"):
-        if "." in controller.__qualname__:
-            controller_str = controller.__qualname__.replace(".", "@")
-        else:
-            controller_str = f"{controller.__qualname__}@__call__"
-    # controller is an instance, so the method will automatically be __call__
-    elif not isinstance(controller, str):
-        controller_str = f"{controller.__class__.__qualname__}@__call__"
-    # controller is anything else: "Controller@method"
-    else:
-        controller_str = str(controller)
-    return controller_str
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/time.py b/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/time.py
deleted file mode 100644
index ed91cc27..00000000
--- a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/utils/time.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
-"""Time related helpers"""
-
-import pendulum
-
-
-def cookie_expire_time(str_time):
-    """Take a string like 1 month or 5 minutes and returns a datetime formatted with cookie format.
-
-    Arguments:
-        str_time {string} -- Could be values like 1 second or 3 minutes
-
-    Returns:
-        str -- Cookie expiration time (Thu, 21 Oct 2021 07:28:00)
-    """
-    instance = parse_human_time(str_time)
-    return instance.format("ddd, DD MMM YYYY HH:mm:ss")
-
-
-def parse_human_time(str_time):
-    """Take a string like 1 month or 5 minutes and returns a pendulum instance.
-
-    Arguments:
-        str_time {string} -- Could be values like 1 second or 3 minutes
-
-    Returns:
-        pendulum -- Returns Pendulum instance
-    """
-    if str_time == "now":
-        return pendulum.now("GMT")
-
-    if str_time != "expired":
-        number = int(str_time.split(" ")[0])
-        length = str_time.split(" ")[1]
-
-        if length in ("second", "seconds"):
-            return pendulum.now("GMT").add(seconds=number)
-        elif length in ("minute", "minutes"):
-            return pendulum.now("GMT").add(minutes=number)
-        elif length in ("hour", "hours"):
-            return pendulum.now("GMT").add(hours=number)
-        elif length in ("day", "days"):
-            return pendulum.now("GMT").add(days=number)
-        elif length in ("week", "weeks"):
-            return pendulum.now("GMT").add(weeks=number)
-        elif length in ("month", "months"):
-            return pendulum.now("GMT").add(months=number)
-        elif length in ("year", "years"):
-            return pendulum.now("GMT").add(years=number)
-
-        return None
-    else:
-        return pendulum.now("GMT").subtract(years=20)
-
-
-def migration_timestamp():
-    """Return current time formatted for creating migration filenames.
-    Example: 2021_01_09_043202
-    """
-    return pendulum.now().format("YYYY_MM_DD_HHmmss")
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/tests/facades/test_facades.py b/fastapi_startkit/tests/facades/test_facades.py
index e732a6df..a5533807 100644
--- a/fastapi_startkit/tests/facades/test_facades.py
+++ b/fastapi_startkit/tests/facades/test_facades.py
@@ -146,11 +146,6 @@ def test_config_does_not_bleed_between_apps(self, tmp_path):
 
 
 class TestFacadeKeyAttributes:
-    def test_auth_facade_has_key(self):
-        from fastapi_startkit.facades import Auth
-
-        assert hasattr(Auth, "key") or Auth.__class__.__name__ in ("type", "Facade")
-
     def test_hash_facade_key(self):
         try:
             from fastapi_startkit.facades import Hash
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/exceptionite/__init__.py b/fastapi_startkit/tests/utils/__init__.py
similarity index 100%
rename from fastapi_startkit/src/fastapi_startkit/exceptions.backup/exceptionite/__init__.py
rename to fastapi_startkit/tests/utils/__init__.py
diff --git a/fastapi_startkit/tests/utils/test_collections.py b/fastapi_startkit/tests/utils/test_collections.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3924f40f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fastapi_startkit/tests/utils/test_collections.py
@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+"""Tests for Collection utility class (task #15)."""
+
+import pytest
+
+from fastapi_startkit.support import Collection, collect
+
+
+class TestCollectionBasics:
+    def test_empty_collection(self):
+        c = Collection()
+        assert c.count() == 0
+        assert c.is_empty()
+
+    def test_count(self):
+        c = Collection([1, 2, 3])
+        assert c.count() == 3
+
+    def test_all_returns_items(self):
+        c = Collection([10, 20])
+        assert c.all() == [10, 20]
+
+    def test_iteration(self):
+        items = [1, 2, 3]
+        c = Collection(items)
+        assert list(c) == items
+
+    def test_getitem(self):
+        c = Collection(["a", "b", "c"])
+        assert c[0] == "a"
+        assert c[-1] == "c"
+
+
+class TestCollectionFirstLast:
+    def test_first_without_callback(self):
+        assert Collection([5, 6, 7]).first() == 5
+
+    def test_first_with_callback(self):
+        c = Collection([1, 2, 3, 4])
+        result = c.first(lambda x: x > 2)
+        assert result == 3
+
+    def test_last_without_callback(self):
+        assert Collection([1, 2, 3]).last() == 3
+
+    def test_last_with_callback(self):
+        c = Collection([1, 2, 3, 4])
+        result = c.last(lambda x: x < 3)
+        assert result == 2
+
+    def test_first_returns_none_for_empty(self):
+        assert Collection([]).first() is None
+
+
+class TestCollectionMap:
+    def test_map_transforms_items(self):
+        c = Collection([1, 2, 3])
+        result = c.map(lambda x: x * 2)
+        assert result.all() == [2, 4, 6]
+
+    def test_map_returns_new_collection(self):
+        c = Collection([1, 2, 3])
+        result = c.map(lambda x: x)
+        assert isinstance(result, Collection)
+
+
+class TestCollectionFilter:
+    def test_filter_keeps_matching_items(self):
+        c = Collection([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
+        result = c.filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 0)
+        assert result.all() == [2, 4]
+
+    def test_filter_raises_on_non_callable(self):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            Collection([1, 2]).filter("not a callable")
+
+
+class TestCollectionPluck:
+    def test_pluck_values_from_dicts(self):
+        c = Collection([{"name": "Alice"}, {"name": "Bob"}])
+        result = c.pluck("name")
+        assert result.all() == ["Alice", "Bob"]
+
+    def test_pluck_with_key(self):
+        c = Collection([{"id": 1, "name": "Alice"}, {"id": 2, "name": "Bob"}])
+        result = c.pluck("name", "id")
+        assert result.all() == {1: "Alice", 2: "Bob"}
+
+
+class TestCollectionChunk:
+    def test_chunk_even(self):
+        c = Collection([1, 2, 3, 4])
+        chunks = c.chunk(2)
+        result = [ch.all() for ch in chunks]
+        assert result == [[1, 2], [3, 4]]
+
+    def test_chunk_uneven(self):
+        c = Collection([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
+        chunks = c.chunk(2)
+        result = [ch.all() for ch in chunks]
+        assert result == [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5]]
+
+    def test_chunk_size_larger_than_collection(self):
+        c = Collection([1, 2])
+        chunks = c.chunk(10)
+        result = [ch.all() for ch in chunks]
+        assert result == [[1, 2]]
+
+
+class TestCollectionGroupBy:
+    def test_group_by_key(self):
+        c = Collection(
+            [
+                {"category": "A", "val": 1},
+                {"category": "B", "val": 2},
+                {"category": "A", "val": 3},
+            ]
+        )
+        result = c.group_by("category")
+        grouped = result.all()
+        assert "A" in grouped
+        assert "B" in grouped
+        assert len(grouped["A"]) == 2
+        assert len(grouped["B"]) == 1
+
+
+class TestCollectionSum:
+    def test_sum_numbers(self):
+        assert Collection([1, 2, 3]).sum() == 6
+
+    def test_sum_key(self):
+        c = Collection([{"price": 10}, {"price": 20}])
+        assert c.sum("price") == 30
+
+    def test_sum_empty(self):
+        assert Collection([]).sum() == 0
+
+
+class TestCollectionImplode:
+    def test_implode_strings(self):
+        result = Collection(["a", "b", "c"]).implode(", ")
+        assert result == "a, b, c"
+
+    def test_implode_numbers(self):
+        result = Collection([1, 2, 3]).implode("-")
+        assert result == "1-2-3"
+
+
+class TestCollectionMerge:
+    def test_merge_adds_items(self):
+        c = Collection([1, 2])
+        c.merge([3, 4])
+        assert c.all() == [1, 2, 3, 4]
+
+    def test_merge_raises_on_non_list(self):
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            Collection([1]).merge("not a list")
+
+
+class TestCollectionUnique:
+    def test_unique_primitives(self):
+        result = Collection([1, 2, 2, 3, 3]).unique()
+        assert len(result.all()) == 3
+
+    def test_unique_by_key(self):
+        c = Collection([{"id": 1, "x": "a"}, {"id": 1, "x": "b"}, {"id": 2, "x": "c"}])
+        result = c.unique("id")
+        assert result.count() == 2
+
+
+class TestCollectionWhere:
+    def test_where_equals(self):
+        c = Collection([{"age": 10}, {"age": 20}, {"age": 10}])
+        result = c.where("age", 10)
+        assert result.count() == 2
+
+    def test_where_greater_than(self):
+        c = Collection([{"n": 1}, {"n": 5}, {"n": 10}])
+        result = c.where("n", ">", 4)
+        assert result.count() == 2
+
+
+class TestCollectionContains:
+    def test_contains_primitive(self):
+        c = Collection([1, 2, 3])
+        assert c.contains(2) is True
+        assert c.contains(99) is False
+
+    def test_contains_with_callback(self):
+        c = Collection([1, 2, 3])
+        assert c.contains(lambda x: x > 2) is True
+        assert c.contains(lambda x: x > 10) is False
+
+
+class TestCollect:
+    def test_collect_returns_collection(self):
+        result = collect([1, 2, 3])
+        assert isinstance(result, Collection)
+        assert result.all() == [1, 2, 3]
+
+
+class TestFlatten:
+    def test_flatten_nested_lists(self):
+        result = Collection([[1, 2], [3, [4, 5]]]).flatten()
+        assert result.all() == [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+
+    def test_flatten_already_flat(self):
+        result = Collection([1, 2, 3]).flatten()
+        assert result.all() == [1, 2, 3]
+
+    def test_flatten_empty(self):
+        assert Collection([]).flatten().all() == []
+
+    def test_flatten_deeply_nested(self):
+        result = Collection([[[1]], [2, [3]]]).flatten()
+        assert result.all() == [1, 2, 3]