diff --git a/packages/core/src/database.ts b/packages/core/src/database.ts
index ed12daa6..ccc18bbb 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/database.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/database.ts
@@ -513,6 +513,23 @@ export class Database extends Service {
     return sel._action('set', update).execute()
   }
 
+  async setOne<K extends Keys<Tables>>(
+    table: K,
+    query: Query<Tables[K]>,
+    update: Row.Computed<Tables[K], Update<Tables[K]>>,
+  ): Promise<Tables[K] | undefined> {
+    const sel = this.select(table, query, null)
+    if (typeof update === 'function') update = update(sel.row)
+    const primary = makeArray(sel.model.primary)
+    if (primary.some(key => key in update)) {
+      throw new TypeError(`cannot modify primary key`)
+    }
+
+    update = sel.model.format(update)
+    if (Object.keys(update).length === 0) return (await this.get(table, query))[0]
+    return sel._action('setOne', update).execute()
+  }
+
   async remove<K extends Keys<Tables>>(table: K, query: Query<Tables[K]>): Promise<Driver.WriteResult> {
     const sel = this.select(table, query, null)
     return sel._action('remove').execute()
diff --git a/packages/core/src/driver.ts b/packages/core/src/driver.ts
index 8c8cac0e..c8c4af72 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/driver.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/driver.ts
@@ -69,7 +69,9 @@ export abstract class Driver<T = any> {
   abstract remove(sel: Selection.Mutable): Promise<Driver.WriteResult>
   abstract create(sel: Selection.Mutable, data: any): Promise<any>
   abstract upsert(sel: Selection.Mutable, data: any[], keys: string[]): Promise<Driver.WriteResult>
+  abstract setOne(sel: Selection.Mutable, data: Update): Promise<any>
   abstract withTransaction(callback: (session?: any) => Promise<void>): Promise<void>
+
   abstract getIndexes(table: string): Promise<Driver.Index[]>
   abstract createIndex(table: string, index: Driver.Index): Promise<void>
   abstract dropIndex(table: string, name: string): Promise<void>
diff --git a/packages/core/src/selection.ts b/packages/core/src/selection.ts
index 63bbe049..55248aa9 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/selection.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/selection.ts
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ export interface Modifier {
 }
 
 namespace Executable {
-  export type Action = 'get' | 'set' | 'remove' | 'create' | 'upsert' | 'eval'
+  export type Action = 'get' | 'set' | 'remove' | 'create' | 'upsert' | 'eval' | 'setOne'
 
   export interface Payload {
     type: Action
diff --git a/packages/memory/src/index.ts b/packages/memory/src/index.ts
index 1c65a2d1..fd1a019e 100644
--- a/packages/memory/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/memory/src/index.ts
@@ -132,6 +132,15 @@ export class MemoryDriver extends Driver<MemoryDriver.Config> {
     return { matched }
   }
 
+  async setOne(sel: Selection.Mutable, data: {}) {
+    const { table, ref, query, model } = sel
+    const row = this.table(table).find(row => executeQuery(row, query, ref))
+    if (!row) return
+    executeUpdate(row, data, ref)
+    this.$save(table)
+    return model.parse(clone(row))
+  }
+
   async remove(sel: Selection.Mutable) {
     const { ref, query, table } = sel
     const data = this.table(table)
diff --git a/packages/mongo/src/index.ts b/packages/mongo/src/index.ts
index 2351b678..caf854cc 100644
--- a/packages/mongo/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/mongo/src/index.ts
@@ -397,6 +397,36 @@ export class MongoDriver extends Driver<MongoDriver.Config> {
     }
   }
 
+  async setOne(sel: Selection.Mutable, update: {}) {
+    const { query, table, model } = sel
+    if (hasSubquery(sel.query) || Object.values(update).some(x => hasSubquery(x))) {
+      await this.set(sel, update)
+      const rows = await this.get(sel)
+      return rows[0]
+    }
+
+    const filter = this.transformQuery(sel, query, table)
+    if (!filter) return
+    const coll = this.db.collection(table)
+
+    const virtualKey = this.getVirtualKey(table)
+    const transformer = new Builder(this, Object.keys(sel.tables), virtualKey, '$' + tempKey + '.')
+    const $set = this.mapVirtualUpdate(update, virtualKey, (item, key) => transformer.toUpdateExpr(item, model.getType(key)))
+    const $unset = Object.entries($set)
+      .filter(([_, value]) => typeof value === 'object')
+      .map(([key, _]) => key)
+    const preset = Object.fromEntries(transformer.walkedKeys.map(key => [tempKey + '.' + key, '$' + key]))
+
+    const result = await coll.findOneAndUpdate(filter, [
+      ...transformer.walkedKeys.length ? [{ $set: preset }] : [],
+      ...$unset.length ? [{ $unset }] : [],
+      { $set },
+      ...transformer.walkedKeys.length ? [{ $unset: [tempKey] }] : [],
+    ], { returnDocument: 'after', session: this.session })
+    if (!result) return
+    return this.builder.load(this.patchVirtual(table, result), model)
+  }
+
   async remove(sel: Selection.Mutable) {
     const { query, table } = sel
     const filter = this.transformQuery(sel, query, table)
diff --git a/packages/mysql/src/index.ts b/packages/mysql/src/index.ts
index 63dda6b7..dc00d5b3 100644
--- a/packages/mysql/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/mysql/src/index.ts
@@ -452,6 +452,56 @@ RETURN UNHEX(REPLACE(u, '-', ''))`)
     return { matched: result.affectedRows, modified: result.changedRows }
   }
 
+  async setOne(sel: Selection.Mutable, data: {}) {
+    const { model, query, table, tables, ref } = sel
+    const builder = new MySQLBuilder(this, tables, this._compat)
+    const filter = builder.parseQuery(query)
+    const fields = model.availableFields()
+    if (filter === '0') return
+    const updateFields = [...new Set(Object.keys(data).map((key) => {
+      return Object.keys(fields).find(field => field === key || key.startsWith(field + '.'))!
+    }))]
+
+    const allFields = Object.keys(fields)
+    const varname = (f: string) => `@_${f.replace(/\./g, '_')}`
+
+    const setClauses = allFields.filter(f => f in fields).map((field) => {
+      if (updateFields.includes(field)) {
+        return `${escapeId(field)} = (${varname(field)} := ${builder.toUpdateExpr(data, field, fields[field], false)})`
+      } else {
+        return `${escapeId(field)} = (${varname(field)} := ${escapeId(field)})`
+      }
+    })
+
+    const selectExprs = allFields.map((field) => {
+      const alias = escapeId(field)
+      if (field in fields) {
+        return `${varname(field)} AS ${alias}`
+      }
+      const parent = Object.keys(fields).find(k => field.startsWith(k + '.'))
+      if (parent) {
+        const rest = field.slice(parent.length + 1)
+        return `json_extract(${varname(parent)}, '$.${rest.split('.').map((k: string) => `"${k}"`).join('.')}') AS ${alias}`
+      }
+      return `${varname(field)} AS ${alias}`
+    }).join(', ')
+
+    const sql = [
+      ...builder.prequeries,
+      `UPDATE ${escapeId(table)} ${ref} SET ${setClauses.join(', ')} WHERE ${filter} LIMIT 1`,
+      `SELECT ${selectExprs}`,
+    ].join('; ')
+    const results = await this.query(sql)
+    // UPDATE is always the last result with affectedRows (before SELECT)
+    const parts = Array.isArray(results[0]) || results[0]?.affectedRows !== undefined ? results : [results]
+    const updateResult = parts[parts.length === 1 ? 0 : parts.length - 2]
+    if (!updateResult || updateResult.affectedRows === 0) return
+    const selectResult = parts[parts.length - 1]
+    const row = Array.isArray(selectResult) ? selectResult[0] : selectResult
+    if (!row) return
+    return builder.load(row, model)
+  }
+
   async remove(sel: Selection.Mutable) {
     const { query, table, tables } = sel
     const builder = new MySQLBuilder(this, tables, this._compat)
diff --git a/packages/postgres/src/index.ts b/packages/postgres/src/index.ts
index a6697267..167e4bfc 100644
--- a/packages/postgres/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/postgres/src/index.ts
@@ -314,6 +314,27 @@ export class PostgresDriver extends Driver<PostgresDriver.Config> {
     return { matched: result.length }
   }
 
+  async setOne(sel: Selection.Mutable, data: {}) {
+    const { model, query, table, tables, ref } = sel
+    const builder = new PostgresBuilder(this, tables)
+    const filter = builder.parseQuery(query)
+    const fields = model.availableFields()
+    if (filter === '0') return
+    const updateFields = [...new Set(Object.keys(data).map((key) => {
+      return Object.keys(fields).find(field => field === key || key.startsWith(field + '.'))!
+    }))]
+
+    const update = updateFields.map((field) => {
+      const escaped = builder.escapeId(field)
+      return `${escaped} = ${builder.toUpdateExpr(data, field, fields[field], false)}`
+    }).join(', ')
+    const primaryFields = makeArray(model.primary).map(k => builder.escapeId(k))
+    const primaryTuple = primaryFields.length === 1 ? primaryFields[0] : `(${primaryFields.join(', ')})`
+    const subquery = `SELECT ${primaryFields.join(', ')} FROM ${builder.escapeId(table)} WHERE ${filter} LIMIT 1`
+    const result = await this.query(`UPDATE ${builder.escapeId(table)} ${ref} SET ${update} WHERE ${primaryTuple} = (${subquery}) RETURNING *`)
+    return result[0] ? builder.load(result[0], model) : undefined
+  }
+
   async remove(sel: Selection.Mutable) {
     const builder = new PostgresBuilder(this, sel.tables)
     const query = builder.parseQuery(sel.query)
diff --git a/packages/sqlite/src/index.ts b/packages/sqlite/src/index.ts
index 3ec194a0..dae4d13b 100644
--- a/packages/sqlite/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/sqlite/src/index.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { Binary, deepEqual, Dict, difference, isNullable, makeArray, mapValues } from 'cosmokit'
+import { Binary, deepEqual, Dict, difference, isNullable, makeArray, mapValues, pick } from 'cosmokit'
 import { bufferToUuid, Driver, Eval, executeUpdate, Field, getCell, hasSubquery, isEvalExpr, Selection, uuidToBuffer } from '@cordisjs/plugin-database'
 import { escapeId } from '@cordisjs/sql-utils'
 import type { DatabaseSync, StatementSync } from 'node:sqlite'
@@ -356,6 +356,41 @@ export class SQLiteDriver extends Driver<SQLiteDriver.Config> {
     }
   }
 
+  async setOne(sel: Selection.Mutable, data: {}) {
+    const { model, table, query } = sel
+    const { primary } = model, fields = model.availableFields()
+    const updateFields = [...new Set(Object.keys(data).map((key) => {
+      return Object.keys(fields).find(field => field === key || key.startsWith(field + '.'))!
+    }))]
+    const primaryFields = makeArray(primary)
+
+    if (query.$expr || hasSubquery(sel.query) || Object.values(data).some(x => hasSubquery(x))) {
+      const sel2 = this.database.select(table as never, query)
+      sel2.tables[sel.ref] = sel2.tables[sel2.ref]
+      delete sel2.tables[sel2.ref]
+      sel2.ref = sel.ref
+      const project = mapValues(data as any, (value, key) => () => (isEvalExpr(value) ? value : Eval.literal(value, model.getType(key))))
+      const rawUpsert = await sel2.project({
+        ...project,
+        ...Object.fromEntries(primaryFields.map(x => [x, () => Eval('', [sel.ref, x], sel2.model.getType(x)!)])),
+      }).limit(1).execute()
+      if (!rawUpsert.length) return
+      const row = rawUpsert[0]
+      const upsert = [{
+        ...mapValues(data, (_, key) => getCell(row, key)),
+        ...Object.fromEntries(primaryFields.map(x => [x, getCell(row, x)])),
+      }]
+      await this.database.upsert(table as never, upsert)
+      return (await this.database.get(table as never, pick(upsert[0], primaryFields as any) as any))[0]
+    } else {
+      const existing = await this.database.get(table as never, query)
+      const row = existing[0]
+      if (!row) return
+      this._update(sel, primaryFields, updateFields, data, row)
+      return (await this.database.get(table as never, pick(row, primaryFields as any) as any))[0]
+    }
+  }
+
   _create(table: string, data: {}) {
     const model = this.model(table)
     data = this.sql.dump(data, model)
diff --git a/packages/tests/src/model.ts b/packages/tests/src/model.ts
index a3940655..1dcd8728 100644
--- a/packages/tests/src/model.ts
+++ b/packages/tests/src/model.ts
@@ -542,6 +542,67 @@ namespace ModelOperations {
       await expect(database.eval('dtypes', row => $.array(row.text2))).to.eventually.contain('foo')
       await expect(database.get('dtypes', row => $.eq(row.text2, $.literal('foo', 'string2')))).to.eventually.have.length(1)
     })
+
+    it('setOne plain value', async () => {
+      const table = await setup(database, 'dtypes', dtypeTable)
+      table[0].text = 'updated'
+      const result = await database.setOne('dtypes', { id: 1 }, { text: 'updated' })
+      expect(result).to.not.be.undefined
+      expect(result!.text).to.equal('updated')
+      expect(result!.id).to.equal(table[0].id)
+    })
+
+    it('setOne dot notation + custom types', async () => {
+      const table = await setup(database, 'dtypes', dtypeTable)
+      const result = await database.setOne('dtypes', { id: 4 }, { 'object.embed.bool': false, 'object.embed.bigint': 999n })
+      expect(result).to.not.be.undefined
+      expect(result!.object!.embed!.bool).to.equal(false)
+      expect(result!.object!.embed!.bigint).to.equal(999n)
+    })
+
+    it('setOne expression update', async () => {
+      const table = await setup(database, 'dtypes', dtypeTable)
+      const row = table.find(r => r.id === 3)!
+      row.num! += 1
+      row.object!.json!.num = (row.object!.json!.num ?? 0) + 100
+      await expect(database.setOne('dtypes', 3, row => ({
+        num: $.add(row.num, 1),
+        'object.json.num': $.add($.ifNull(row.object.json.num, 0), 100),
+      }))).to.eventually.have.shape(row)
+    })
+
+    it('setOne subquery update', async () => {
+      const table = await setup(database, 'dtypes', dtypeTable)
+      const row = table.find(r => r.id === 2)!
+      row.text = row.text ? row.text : ''
+      await expect(database.setOne('dtypes', 2, row => ({
+        text: database.select('dtypes', r => $.eq(r.id, 1)).evaluate(r => $.max(r.text)),
+      }))).to.eventually.have.property('text')
+    })
+
+    it('setOne bigint + binary + bnum custom type', async () => {
+      const table = await setup(database, 'dtypes', dtypeTable)
+      table[10].bigint = 888n
+      table[10].bnum = 999
+      table[10].binary = toBinary('world')
+      await expect(database.setOne('dtypes', 11, {
+        bigint: 888n,
+        bnum: 999,
+        binary: toBinary('world'),
+      })).to.eventually.have.shape(table[10])
+    })
+
+    it('setOne no match returns undefined', async () => {
+      await setup(database, 'dtypes', dtypeTable)
+      await expect(database.setOne('dtypes', 99999, { text: 'nope' })).to.eventually.be.undefined
+    })
+
+    it('setOne preserves all field types', async () => {
+      const table = await setup(database, 'dtypes', dtypeTable)
+      const row = table.find(r => r.id === 5)!
+      row.text = 'all-types-ok'
+      await expect(database.setOne('dtypes', { id: 5 }, { text: 'all-types-ok' })).to.eventually.have.shape(row)
+    })
   }
 
   export const object = function ObjectFields(database: Database, options: ModelOptions = {}) {
@@ -674,6 +735,42 @@ namespace ModelOperations {
       await expect(database.get('dobjects', row => $.eq(row.baz[0].nested.array[0], 1))).to.eventually.have.length(2)
     })
 
+    it('setOne nested dot notation', async () => {
+      const table = await setup(database, 'dobjects', dobjectTable)
+      table[1].foo!.nested!.timestamp = new Date('2009/10/01 15:40:00')
+      table[1].foo!.nested!.binary = toBinary('boom')
+      await expect(database.setOne('dobjects', 2, {
+        'foo.nested.timestamp': new Date('2009/10/01 15:40:00'),
+        'foo.nested.binary': toBinary('boom'),
+      })).to.eventually.have.shape(table[1])
+    })
+
+    it('setOne nested object replace', async () => {
+      const table = await setup(database, 'dobjects', dobjectTable)
+      table[0].foo = { nested: { id: 1 } }
+      await expect(database.setOne('dobjects', 1, {
+        'foo.nested': { id: 1 },
+      })).to.eventually.have.nested.property('foo.nested.id', 1)
+    })
+
+    it('setOne expression on nested field', async () => {
+      const table = await setup(database, 'dobjects', dobjectTable)
+      const row = table.find(r => r.bar?.nested?.id !== undefined)!
+      row.bar!.nested!.text = 'expr-updated'
+      const result = await database.setOne('dobjects', row.id, {
+        'bar.nested.text': $.concat(row.bar!.nested!.text ?? '', ''),
+      })
+      expect(result).to.not.be.undefined
+      expect(result!.bar!.nested!.text).to.equal(row.bar!.nested!.text)
+    })
+
+    it('setOne recursive type', async () => {
+      const table = await setup(database, 'recurxs', [{ id: 1, y: { id: 2, x: { id: 3, y: { id: 4, x: { id: 5 } } } } }])
+      const row = table[0]
+      row.y!.id = 999
+      await expect(database.setOne('recurxs', 1, { y: { id: 999, x: { id: 3, y: { id: 4, x: { id: 5 } } } } })).to.eventually.have.shape(row)
+    })
+
     nullableComparator && it('decode uuid', async () => {
       await setup(database, 'dobjects', dobjectTable)
       await expect(database.get('dobjects', row => $.eq(row.foo!.nested!.uuid!, $.literal(u1, 'uuid')))).to.eventually.have.length(1)
diff --git a/packages/tests/src/update.ts b/packages/tests/src/update.ts
index 8cf1b580..b2c64dae 100644
--- a/packages/tests/src/update.ts
+++ b/packages/tests/src/update.ts
@@ -241,6 +241,50 @@ namespace OrmOperations {
     })
   }
 
+  export const setOne = function SetOne(database: Database) {
+    it('basic support', async () => {
+      const table = await setup(database, 'temp2', barTable)
+      const target = table.find(bar => bar.id === 2)!
+      target.text = 'updated'
+      await expect(database.setOne('temp2', { id: 2 }, { text: 'updated' })).to.eventually.have.shape(target)
+      target.text = 'updated2'
+      await expect(database.setOne('temp2', row => $.eq(row.id, 2), { text: 'updated2' })).to.eventually.have.shape(target)
+    })
+
+    it('no match returns undefined', async () => {
+      await setup(database, 'temp2', barTable)
+      await expect(database.setOne('temp2', { id: 9999 }, { text: 'nope' })).to.eventually.be.undefined
+    })
+
+    it('using expressions', async () => {
+      const table = await setup(database, 'temp2', barTable)
+      const target = table.find(bar => bar.id === 3)!
+      target.num = target.num! + 1
+      await expect(database.setOne('temp2', { id: 3 }, row => ({
+        num: $.add(row.num, 1),
+      }))).to.eventually.have.shape(target)
+    })
+
+    it('returns updated value not old', async () => {
+      await setup(database, 'temp2', barTable)
+      await expect(database.setOne('temp2', { id: 1 }, { text: 'new-value' })).to.eventually.have.property('text', 'new-value')
+    })
+
+    it('noop update returns existing row', async () => {
+      const table = await setup(database, 'temp2', barTable)
+      const target = table.find(bar => bar.id === 1)!
+      await expect(database.setOne('temp2', { id: 1 }, {})).to.eventually.have.shape(target)
+    })
+
+    it('advanced type', async () => {
+      const table = await setup(database, 'temp2', barTable)
+      const target = table.find(bar => bar.id === 1)!
+      target.binary = toBinary('world')
+      target.bigint = 1234567891011121314151617181920n
+      await expect(database.setOne('temp2', { id: 1 }, { binary: toBinary('world'), bigint: 1234567891011121314151617181920n })).to.eventually.have.shape(target)
+    })
+  }
+
   export const upsert = function Upsert(database: Database) {
     it('update existing records', async () => {
       const table = await setup(database, 'temp2', barTable)