From 1c19849da4c9ddf9fb8c65887e4bcfb2378ecc2e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: smhrjn Date: Thu, 9 Sep 2021 17:05:02 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 01/13] files and description added --- 9/boxmove.mac | 64 +++++++++++++++++++++ 9/mvconn.mac | 55 ++++++++++++++++++ 9/resvec.xls | Bin 0 -> 76800 bytes 9/vortex.zip | Bin 0 -> 908044 bytes _site/_data/examples.json | 108 ++++++++++++++++++++++++------------ _site/_data/resources.json | 9 ++- _site/index.md | 11 ++-- dist/examples/0/index.html | 57 +++++++++---------- dist/examples/1/index.html | 60 ++++++++++++-------- dist/examples/2/index.html | 32 +++++------ dist/feed/feed.xml | 2 +- dist/index.html | 80 +++++++++++++------------- dist/resources/7/index.html | 4 +- dist/resources/8/index.html | 5 +- dist/resources/9/index.html | 4 +- 15 files changed, 333 insertions(+), 158 deletions(-) create mode 100644 9/boxmove.mac create mode 100644 9/mvconn.mac create mode 100644 9/resvec.xls create mode 100644 9/vortex.zip diff --git a/9/boxmove.mac b/9/boxmove.mac new file mode 100644 index 0000000..46a16ef --- /dev/null +++ b/9/boxmove.mac @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ +X0 = ARG1 +Y0 = ARG2 +AMAX = ARG3 +OMEGA = ARG4 +!UXTAB = %ARG5% +!UYTAB = %ARG6% +!VXTAB = %ARG7% +!VYTAB = %ARG8% +!tables - sinusoidal displacements UX,UY +*DIM,%ARG5%,TABLE,6,11,1 +%ARG5%(0,0,1) = 0.0,-999, 1, X0 , Y0 ,AMAX,0.0 +%ARG5%(0,1,1) = 1.0,-1 , 0, 1.0 , 27 , 2 , 17 !x-x0 +%ARG5%(0,2,1) = 0.0,-2 , 0, 1.0 , 28 , 2 , 18 !y-y0 +%ARG5%(0,3,1) = 0.0,-3 , 0, 1.0 ,-2 ,18 ,-1 !Angle=atan(y-y0/x-x0) +%ARG5%(0,4,1) = 0.0,-4 , 0, 1.0 ,-1 , 3 ,-1 !(x-x0)**2 +%ARG5%(0,5,1) = 0.0,-5 , 0, 1.0 ,-2 , 3 ,-2 !(y-y0)**2 +%ARG5%(0,6,1) = 0.0,-6 , 0, 1.0 ,-4 , 1 ,-5 !add last 2 +%ARG5%(0,7,1) = 0.0,-7 , 16, 1.0 ,-6 , 0 ,0.0 !radius +%ARG5%(0,8,1) = 0.0,-8 , 9,OMEGA, 1 , 3 , 19 !theta=amax*sinwt +%ARG5%(0,9,1) = 0.0,-9 , 0, 1.0 ,-8 , 1 , -3 !angle+theta +%ARG5%(0,10,1) = 0.0,-10, 10, 1.0 ,-9 , 3 , -7 !radius*cos(angle+theta) +%ARG5%(0,11,1) = 0.0, 99, 0, 1.0 ,-10 , 2 , -1 !previous - (x-x0) +*DIM,%ARG6%,TABLE,6,11,1 +%ARG6%(0,0,1) = 0.0,-999, 1, X0 , Y0 ,AMAX,0.0 +%ARG6%(0,1,1) = 1.0,-1 , 0, 1.0 , 27 , 2 , 17 !x-x0 +%ARG6%(0,2,1) = 0.0,-2 , 0, 1.0 , 28 , 2 , 18 !y-y0 +%ARG6%(0,3,1) = 0.0,-3 , 0, 1.0 ,-2 ,18 ,-1 !Angle=atan(y-y0/x-x0) +%ARG6%(0,4,1) = 0.0,-4 , 0, 1.0 ,-1 , 3 ,-1 !(x-x0)**2 +%ARG6%(0,5,1) = 0.0,-5 , 0, 1.0 ,-2 , 3 ,-2 !(y-y0)**2 +%ARG6%(0,6,1) = 0.0,-6 , 0, 1.0 ,-4 , 1 ,-5 !add last 2 +%ARG6%(0,7,1) = 0.0,-7 , 16, 1.0 ,-6 , 0 ,0.0 !radius +%ARG6%(0,8,1) = 0.0,-8 , 9,OMEGA, 1 , 3 , 19 !theta=amax*sinwt +%ARG6%(0,9,1) = 0.0,-9 , 0, 1.0 ,-8 , 1 , -3 !angle+theta +%ARG6%(0,10,1) = 0.0,-10, 9, 1.0 ,-9 , 3 , -7 !radius*sin(angle+theta) +%ARG6%(0,11,1) = 0.0, 99, 0, 1.0 ,-10 , 2 , -2 !previous - (y-y0) +!tables - sinusoidal velocities VX,VY +*DIM,%ARG7%,TABLE,6,12,1 +%ARG7%(0,0,1) = 0.0,-999, 1, X0 , Y0 ,AMAX,AMAX*OMEGA +%ARG7%(0,1,1) = 1.0,-1 , 0, 1.0 , 27 , 2 , 17 !x-x0 +%ARG7%(0,2,1) = 0.0,-2 , 0, 1.0 , 28 , 2 , 18 !y-y0 +%ARG7%(0,3,1) = 0.0,-3 , 0, 1.0 ,-2 ,18 ,-1 !Angle=atan(y-y0/x-x0) +%ARG7%(0,4,1) = 0.0,-4 , 0, 1.0 ,-1 , 3 ,-1 !(x-x0)**2 +%ARG7%(0,5,1) = 0.0,-5 , 0, 1.0 ,-2 , 3 ,-2 !(y-y0)**2 +%ARG7%(0,6,1) = 0.0,-6 , 0, 1.0 ,-4 , 1 ,-5 !add last 2 +%ARG7%(0,7,1) = 0.0,-7 , 16, 1.0 ,-6 , 0 ,0.0 !radius +%ARG7%(0,8,1) = 0.0,-8 , 9,OMEGA, 1 , 3 , 19 !theta=amax*sinwt +%ARG7%(0,9,1) = 0.0,-9 , 0, 1.0 ,-8 , 1 , -3 !angle+theta +%ARG7%(0,10,1) = 0.0,-10, 9, 1.0 ,-9 , 3 , -7 !radius*sin(angle+theta) +%ARG7%(0,11,1) = 0.0,-11, 10,OMEGA, 1 , 3 , 20 !thetadot=omega*amax*coswt +%ARG7%(0,12,1) = 0.0, 99, 0,-1.0 ,-11 , 3 ,-10 !vx=-thetadot*radius*sin(a+t) +*DIM,%ARG8%,TABLE,6,12,1 +%ARG8%(0,0,1) = 0.0,-999, 1, X0 , Y0 ,AMAX,AMAX*OMEGA +%ARG8%(0,1,1) = 1.0,-1 , 0, 1.0 , 27 , 2 , 17 !x-x0 +%ARG8%(0,2,1) = 0.0,-2 , 0, 1.0 , 28 , 2 , 18 !y-y0 +%ARG8%(0,3,1) = 0.0,-3 , 0, 1.0 ,-2 ,18 ,-1 !Angle=atan(y-y0/x-x0) +%ARG8%(0,4,1) = 0.0,-4 , 0, 1.0 ,-1 , 3 ,-1 !(x-x0)**2 +%ARG8%(0,5,1) = 0.0,-5 , 0, 1.0 ,-2 , 3 ,-2 !(y-y0)**2 +%ARG8%(0,6,1) = 0.0,-6 , 0, 1.0 ,-4 , 1 ,-5 !add last 2 +%ARG8%(0,7,1) = 0.0,-7 , 16, 1.0 ,-6 , 0 ,0.0 !radius +%ARG8%(0,8,1) = 0.0,-8 , 9,OMEGA, 1 , 3 , 19 !theta=amax*sinwt +%ARG8%(0,9,1) = 0.0,-9 , 0, 1.0 ,-8 , 1 , -3 !angle+theta +%ARG8%(0,10,1) = 0.0,-10, 10, 1.0 ,-9 , 3 , -7 !radius*cos(angle+theta) +%ARG8%(0,11,1) = 0.0,-11, 10,OMEGA, 1 , 3 , 20 !thetadot=omega*amax*coswt +%ARG8%(0,12,1) = 0.0, 99, 0, 1.0 ,-11 , 3 ,-10 !vy= thetadot*radius*cos(a+t) diff --git a/9/mvconn.mac b/9/mvconn.mac new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0f90591 --- /dev/null +++ b/9/mvconn.mac @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ +X0 = ARG1 +Y0 = ARG2 +AMAX = ARG3 +OMEGA =ARG4 +!TAB1 = %ARG5% +!TAB2 = %ARG6% +x1 = ARG7 +y1 = ARG8 +x2 = ARG9 +y2 = AR10 +lenth=1.0/(sqrt( (x1-x2)**2 + (y1-y2)**2 ) ) +*DIM,%ARG5%,TABLE,6,20,1 +%ARG5%(0,0,1) = 0.0,-999, 1, X0 , Y0 ,AMAX,1.0 +%ARG5%(0,1,1) = 1.0,-1 , 0, X2 , 20 , 2 , 17 !x2-x0 +%ARG5%(0,2,1) = 0.0,-2 , 0, Y2 , 20 , 2 , 18 !y2-y0 +%ARG5%(0,3,1) = 0.0,-3 , 0, 1.0 ,-2 ,18 ,-1 !Angle=atan(y2-y0/x2-x0) +%ARG5%(0,4,1) = 0.0,-4 , 0, 1.0 ,-1 , 3 ,-1 !(x2-x0)**2 +%ARG5%(0,5,1) = 0.0,-5 , 0, 1.0 ,-2 , 3 ,-2 !(y2-y0)**2 +%ARG5%(0,6,1) = 0.0,-6 , 0, 1.0 ,-4 , 1 ,-5 !add last 2 +%ARG5%(0,7,1) = 0.0,-7 , 16, 1.0 ,-6 , 0 ,0.0 !radius +%ARG5%(0,8,1) = 0.0,-8 , 9,OMEGA, 1 , 3 , 19 !theta=amax*sinwt +%ARG5%(0,9,1) = 0.0,-9 , 0, 1.0 ,-8 , 1 , -3 !angle+theta +%ARG5%(0,10,1) = 0.0,-10, 10, 1.0 ,-9 , 3 , -7 !radius*cos(angle+theta) +%ARG5%(0,11,1) = 0.0,-11, 0, 1.0 ,-10 , 2 , -1 !previous - (x2-x0) +%ARG5%(0,12,1) = 0.0,-12 , 0,-X1 , 20 , 1 , 27 !x-x1 +%ARG5%(0,13,1) = 0.0,-13 , 0,-Y1 , 20 , 1 , 28 !y-y1 +%ARG5%(0,14,1) = 0.0,-14 , 0,1.0 ,-12 , 3 ,-12 !x-x1)**2 +%ARG5%(0,15,1) = 0.0,-15 , 0,1.0 ,-13 , 3 ,-13 !y-y1)**2 +%ARG5%(0,16,1) = 0.0,-16 , 0,1.0 ,-14 , 1 ,-15 !add +%ARG5%(0,17,1) = 0.0,-17 , 16,1.0 ,-16 , 0 , 0.0 !sqrt((x-x1)**2 + (y-y1)**2) +%ARG5%(0,18,1) = 0.0,-18 , 0,lenth, 20 , 3 ,-17 !N2=L2/L +%ARG5%(0,19,1) = 0.0,-19 , 0,1.0 , 20 , 2 ,-18 !N1=1-N2 +%ARG5%(0,20,1) = 0.0, 99 , 0,1.0 ,-18 , 3 ,-11 !N2*UX2 +*DIM,%ARG6%,TABLE,6,20,1 +%ARG6%(0,0,1) = 0.0,-999, 1, X0 , Y0 ,AMAX,1.0 +%ARG6%(0,1,1) = 1.0,-1 , 0, X2 , 20 , 2 , 17 !x2-x0 +%ARG6%(0,2,1) = 0.0,-2 , 0, Y2 , 20 , 2 , 18 !y2-y0 +%ARG6%(0,3,1) = 0.0,-3 , 0, 1.0 ,-2 ,18 ,-1 !Angle=atan(y2-y0/x2-x0) +%ARG6%(0,4,1) = 0.0,-4 , 0, 1.0 ,-1 , 3 ,-1 !(x2-x0)**2 +%ARG6%(0,5,1) = 0.0,-5 , 0, 1.0 ,-2 , 3 ,-2 !(y2-y0)**2 +%ARG6%(0,6,1) = 0.0,-6 , 0, 1.0 ,-4 , 1 ,-5 !add last 2 +%ARG6%(0,7,1) = 0.0,-7 , 16, 1.0 ,-6 , 0 ,0.0 !radius +%ARG6%(0,8,1) = 0.0,-8 , 9,OMEGA, 1 , 3 , 19 !theta=amax*sinwt +%ARG6%(0,9,1) = 0.0,-9 , 0, 1.0 ,-8 , 1 , -3 !angle+theta +%ARG6%(0,10,1) = 0.0,-10, 9, 1.0 ,-9 , 3 , -7 !radius*sin(angle+theta) +%ARG6%(0,11,1) = 0.0,-11, 0, 1.0 ,-10 , 2 , -2 !previous - (y2-y0) +%ARG6%(0,12,1) = 0.0,-12 , 0,-X1 , 20 , 1 , 27 !x-x1 +%ARG6%(0,13,1) = 0.0,-13 , 0,-Y1 , 20 , 1 , 28 !y-y1 +%ARG6%(0,14,1) = 0.0,-14 , 0,1.0 ,-12 , 3 ,-12 !x-x1)**2 +%ARG6%(0,15,1) = 0.0,-15 , 0,1.0 ,-13 , 3 ,-13 !y-y1)**2 +%ARG6%(0,16,1) = 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diff --git a/dist/examples/0/index.html b/dist/examples/0/index.html index e4ee17d..703076f 100644 --- a/dist/examples/0/index.html +++ b/dist/examples/0/index.html @@ -97,44 +97,45 @@

Examples

Change "COMPTYPE" parameter to run above 4 cases.

  • bow.inp

    -

    -

    Bowshock Benchmark

    +

    Mark Troscinski (ANSYS, Inc.)

    +

    Example of bowshock on cylinder.

  • conv_fins.inp

    -

    -

    Natural convection problem (2D tri) three "fins" heated

    +

    Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

    +

    Simple natural convection problem of heated fins, 2D tri.

  • cylinflo.inp

    -

    -

    simple cylinder in open air

    +

    Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

    +

    Simple example of natural convection of horizontal cylinder.

  • large_rotat.inp

    Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

    Input file demonstrating large rotation (beam). Also shows that line search takes longer CPU time.

  • plate_cms.inp

    -

    -

    plate_cms.inp

    +

    Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

    +

    Example showing how to use CMS (component mode synthesis) with Response Spectrum analysis (single-point response spectrum).
    +The non-superelement ("full model") input is here, so you can compare the results to see that they are essentially the same.

  • radairgap.inp

    radairgap.inp

  • rv-lmm.inp

    -

    -

    rv-lmm.inp

    +

    David Haberman (CSI)

    +

    Example of random vibration, large mass method.

  • shell-abd.inp

    Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

    Simple example showing how to calculate the A, B, D, and E matrices for general shell input for a single layer (homogenous) shell. The A, B, D, and E matrices are the shell membrane, coupling, bending, and transverse shear stiffness relationships.

  • spec-acc-vel-mpt.inp

    -

    -

    spec-acc-vel-mpt.inp

    +

    David Haberman (CSI)

    +

    Example of running a sprectrum analysis in ANSYS. Multipoint input sprectrum (acceleration and velocities).

  • torsion3.inp

    -

    -

    torsion3.inp

    +

    Deepak Ganjoo (ANSYS, Inc.)

    +

    Example of ALE, squeeze-film damping calculations. Requires associated macros MVCONN and BOXMOVE.

  • weld.inp

    @@ -157,16 +158,16 @@

    Examples

    rigidbody_rotation.inp

  • rv-nf.inp

    -

    -

    rv-nf.inp

    +

    David Haberman (CSI)

    +

    Example of random vibration, nodal forces.

  • shell131rdsf.inp

    shell131rdsf.inp

  • spec-acc.inp

    -

    -

    spec-acc.inp

    +

    David Haberman (CSI)

    +

    Example of running a sprectrum analysis in ANSYS. Acceleration Sprectrum.

  • therm_cont.inp

    @@ -177,20 +178,20 @@

    Examples

    compfillet.inp

  • couette.inp

    -

    -

    couette.inp

    +

    Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

    +

    Example of couette flow, viscous heating option for incompressible flow at Flotran 5.6.p

  • forced_conv.inp

    -

    -

    forced_conv.inp

    +

    Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

    +

    Simple forced convection problem of heated fins, 2D tri. Just modified CONV_FINS example.

  • gasket.inp

    Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

    Very simple example showing how to use element birth & death to include a non-uniform initial gap. Usually, initial gap for gasket material (TB,GASKET,,,,PARA) is assumed to be a uniform input. By using element birth and death while perturbing the nodes, one can include a non-uniform initial gap.

  • harm-lmm-clust.inp

    -

    -

    harm-lmm-clust.inp

    +

    David Haberman (CSI)

    +

    Harmonic linear Sweep Example. Modal super position with the large mass method was the solution technique. The cluster option was used to allow for enough resolution around the natural freq.

  • ibeam_181.inp

    Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

    @@ -204,16 +205,16 @@

    Examples

    This input file uses SHELL181.

  • rv-press-fm.inp

    -

    -

    rv-press-fm.inp

    +

    David Haberman (CSI)

    +

    Example of random vibration, pressure loading.

  • shell_cont.inp

    Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

    Input file demonstrating plasticity, contact, finite strain. Also shows benefit of line search activated.

  • spec-pulse2.inp

    -

    -

    spec-pulse2.inp

    +

    David Haberman (CSI)

    +

    User can modify the 1/2 sine input amplitude and duration. ANSYS will calculate the fft and give you an input spectrum for later use in a spectrum analysis.

  • transient2.inp

    diff --git a/dist/examples/1/index.html b/dist/examples/1/index.html index b3132c1..5597187 100644 --- a/dist/examples/1/index.html +++ b/dist/examples/1/index.html @@ -87,8 +87,11 @@

    Examples

    • tr-lmm-acc-mspt-2.inp

      -

      -

      tr-lmm-acc-mspt-2.inp

      +

      David Haberman (CSI)

      +

      Structural Transient
      +Pre-Stressed Modal Superposition
      +Large Mass Method
      +Acceleration vs. Time Acceleration:f=ma

    • contact_shell.inp

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      @@ -99,16 +102,16 @@

      Examples

      "Try this sample input file demonstrating VE cure simulation. The data originated from a Ph.D. dissertation ("Viscoelastic stress analysis and fatigue life prediction of a flip-chip-on-board electronic package.", PAUL B. KOENEMAN, Thesis (Ph.D.). University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA, 1999. 113pp.)."

    • fanbox2.inp

      -

      -

      fanbox2.inp

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Example of use of fan model and forced convection.

    • foundation.inp

      foundation.inp

    • harm-lmm-spec.inp

      -

      -

      harm-lmm-spec.inp

      +

      David Haberman (CSI)

      +

      Harmonic Log Sweep Example. Allows a user to input varibles that are consistent with design spec. Modal super position with the large mass method was the solution technique.

    • ibeam_188.inp

      @@ -130,20 +133,20 @@

      Examples

      nip.inp

    • rv-press-rm.inp

      -

      -

      rv-press-rm.inp

      +

      David Haberman (CSI)

      +

      Example of random vibration, pressure loading (reduced modal).

    • sphere.inp

      sphere.inp

    • tr-lmm-acc-mspt-sin.inp

      -

      -

      tr-lmm-acc-mspt-sin.inp

      +

      David Haberman (CSI)

      +

      Example of a transient modal supperposition. Large mass method applying acceleration vs. time. 1/2 sine wave with 75 g peak over .006 sec

    • vortex.inp

      -

      -

      vortex.inp

      +

      Mark Troscinski (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Example of setting up vortex shedding. This is not a complete input file but shows options necessary to set up the problem. Also, a Zipped AVI animation is available.

    • coupled-seq.inp

      @@ -162,8 +165,11 @@

      Examples

      Shows difference between geometric offset and contact offset (CNOF real constant), useful in interference fit problems (so you don't have to modify geometry iteratively).

    • tr-lmm-acc-mspt.inp

      -

      -

      tr-lmm-acc-mspt.inp

      +

      David Haberman (CSI)

      +

      Structural Transient
      +Modal Superposition
      +Large Mass Method
      +Acceleration vs. Time Acceleration:f=ma

    • beam176cross.inp

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      @@ -174,36 +180,42 @@

      Examples

      block_rad.inp

    • cnhtxfr2.inp

      -

      -

      cnhtxfr2.inp

      +

      Brad Lamirand (Cooper Turbocompressor, Inc.)

      +

      Steady state conjugate heat transfer in a pipe.

    • contpres.inp

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      Simple 2D example comparing SY (y-component of stress) at contact surface with CONTPRES (contact pressure). With surface-projection-based contact, results match very well, showing benefits of using surface-project-based contact (KEYOPT(4)=3 for 17x contact elements).

    • HARMC_EMM.inp

      -

      -

      HARMC_EMM.inp

      +

      Mohammad Gharaibeh (State University of New York at Binghamton)

      +

      Example of a harmonic response analysis (linear sweep) of a plate using mode-superposition method with enforced motion.

    • hgen.inp

      hgen.inp

    • impulse.inp

      -

      -

      impulse.inp

      +

      Brad Lamirand (Cooper Turbocompressor, Inc.)

      +

      Example of Flotran model which solves a sinusoidally varying flow from pi/4 to 7*pi/4.

    • resvec.inp

      -

      -

      resvec.inp

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      This input file is a simple demonstration of the usefulness of the residual vector method in capturing accurate higher-frequency response in mode-superposition analyses.
      +In the input file, change the first two parameters as follows:

      +

      For results with many modes included and no residual vector, set MY_FREQUENCY = 1 and MY_RESVECTOR = 0
      +For results with few modes included and no residual vector, set MY_FREQUENCY = 0 and MY_RESVECTOR = 0
      +For results with few modes included and with residual vectors, set MY_FREQUENCY = 0 and MY_RESVECTOR = 1

      +

      By performing the above, one will see that even at the higher-frequency response, the residual vector method will give results comparable to including many modes even if the user has a smaller set of modes. An Excel spreadsheet is also available, which tabulates the results (notice the difference in results for higher frequencies - this is where, without residual vector method and fewer modes, one may not accurately capture higher-frequency response).
      +Note that the residual vector method includes stiffness of higher frequencies, but one should still have enough modes to characterize the mass of the structure (i.e., it's not a panacea for insufficient modes). Also, use of ANSYS 11.0 or higher is required.

    • simpleshellcontactexample.inp

      Bob Weathers (Trane)

      Shows a simple example of contact with shells, shell offset key, and pretension elements.

    • tr-lsm-el-mspt.inp

      -

      -

      tr-lsm-el-mspt.inp

      +

      David Haberman (CSI)

      +

      Structural Transient, mode superposition method, Element pressure vs. Time

    • control.inp

      diff --git a/dist/examples/2/index.html b/dist/examples/2/index.html index 4f68616..ce6a711 100644 --- a/dist/examples/2/index.html +++ b/dist/examples/2/index.html @@ -91,8 +91,8 @@

      Examples

      in-3d.inp

    • nat_conv3d.inp

      -

      -

      nat_conv3d.inp

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      +

      Simple natural convection problem of chip on board, 3D hex.

    • outres.inp

      @@ -107,8 +107,8 @@

      Examples

      surf_traction.inp

    • tr-lsm-f-mspt.inp

      -

      -

      tr-lsm-f-mspt.inp

      +

      David Haberman (CSI)

      +

      Structural Transient, mode superposition method. Nodal forces vs. Time

    • ballshear.inp

      Steve Groothuis (Micron Technology, Inc.)

      @@ -123,20 +123,20 @@

      Examples

      diffusion.inp

    • flotran_therm.inp

      -

      -

      flotran_therm.inp

      +

      Brad Lamirand (Cooper Turbocompressor)

      +

      Here is a quick example of sequential fluid [Flotran] to thermal coupled field analysis.

    • friction_test2.inp

      Brent Bristol (SpeedFam-IPEC)

      From the author: "The following macro demonstrates a method for obtaining friction forces directly from a contact interface [and restart capability]."

    • rv-ba-mp.inp

      -

      -

      rv-ba-mp.inp

      +

      David Haberman (CSI)

      +

      Example of random vibration, base acceleration in two directions.

    • tr-lsm-press-ft.inp

      -

      -

      tr-lsm-press-ft.inp

      +

      David Haberman (CSI)

      +

      Structural Transient, full method. Element pressure vs. Time applied as load steps

    • yongyi.inp

      @@ -163,12 +163,12 @@

      Examples

      pipe_pml.inp

    • revolve.inp

      -

      -

      revolve.inp

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Simple example showing a disk loaded with initial velocity. Disk rotation is defined by MPC184, so this must be run in version 7.0 and above. (Disk rotation could have been defined by other methods such as deformable-rigid contact, but this was meant to illustrate a particular technique.)

    • rv-ba.inp

      -

      -

      rv-ba.inp

      +

      David Haberman (CSI)

      +

      Example of random vibration, base acceleration.

    • spring.inp

      @@ -179,8 +179,8 @@

      Examples

      st_ex3.inp

    • tr-tb-press-ft.inp

      -

      -

      tr-tb-press-ft.inp

      +

      David Haberman (CSI)

      +

      Structural Transient, full method. Element pressure vs. Time applied as tabular load.

  • conv_fins.inp -

    +

    Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

    -Natural convection problem (2D tri) three "fins" heated +Simple natural convection problem of heated fins, 2D tri.
  • cylinflo.inp -

    +

    Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

    -simple cylinder in open air +Simple example of natural convection of horizontal cylinder.
  • @@ -261,49 +261,51 @@

    Miscellaneous Html (in-site) see all

    - +

    Html

    +
    • +

      Inquiry Functions

      - -Inquiry functions are similar to *GET functions, used to retreive information about the current database. These can be used in macros to automate procedures and obtain information in a simple manner - +

      Inquiry functions are similar to *GET functions, used to retreive information about the current database. These can be used in macros to automate procedures and obtain information in a simple manner

    • - -Undocumented Features - +

      Undocumented Features

      - -Undocumented commands & features - +

      Undocumented commands & features

    • - -Vector operations and commands - +

      Vector operations and commands

      - -Vector notation/functions in ANSYS allow the user to execute some of these *DO loops in a much more efficient manner. Instead of looping through individual functions, vector functions act upon arrays, resulting in faster execution times. This memo will provide some basic/introductory examples on the use of *VGET as well as the undocumented vector notation. - +

      Vector notation/functions in ANSYS allow the user to execute some of these *DO loops in a much more efficient manner. Instead of looping through individual functions, vector functions act upon arrays, resulting in faster execution times. This memo will provide some basic/introductory examples on the use of *VGET as well as the undocumented vector notation.

    • - -Introduction to Hidden Parameters - +

      Introduction to Hidden Parameters

      - -An introduction to hidden parameters, those which begin or end with an underscore. Use of parameters with a trailing underscore can be used to "hide" macro parameters if they are to be shared by several users. - +

      An introduction to hidden parameters, those which begin or end with an underscore. Use of parameters with a trailing underscore can be used to "hide" macro parameters if they are to be shared by several users.

    • - -ANSYS and Tcl/Tk Customization - +

      ANSYS and Tcl/Tk Customization

      - -Information on using Tcl/Tk with ANSYS to create customized GUI. Tcl/Tk is used in ANSYS, such as the Contact Wizard, Solution Control Wizard, or Materials GUI at 5.7/6.0. - -
    --> +

    Information on using Tcl/Tk with ANSYS to create customized GUI. Tcl/Tk is used in ANSYS, such as the Contact Wizard, Solution Control Wizard, or Materials GUI at 5.7/6.0.

    +
  • +

    ANSYS and UIDL Customization

    +

    +

    The UIDL Programmers Guide is part of the ANSYS Programmers Set manuals.

    +
  • +

    *GET commands/functions

    +

    +

    Undocumented *GET commands

    +
  • +

    Undocumented Elements and Element Features

    +

    +

    Undocumented elements and element features

    +
  • +

    Textbook and Journal References

    +

    +

    list of useful literature

    +
  • +

    Animation Gallery

    +

    +

    Animations of ANSYS Analyses

    +
    • diff --git a/dist/resources/7/index.html b/dist/resources/7/index.html index 0287280..455747b 100644 --- a/dist/resources/7/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/7/index.html @@ -174,8 +174,8 @@

    Resources

    benchmark_1.zip

  • sprs_mprs.zip

    -

    -

    sprs_mprs.zip

    +

    Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

    +

    The attached zip file includes a simple example demonstrating the procedure to perform a single-point response spectrum (SPRS), where the excitation in 3 direction is applied together (using SRSS combination), not independently. The procedure for multi-point response spectrum (MPRS) is included as well for the same situation. An Excel spreadsheet shows that the results obtained for this simple model is the same for both methods (compare the mode coefficients for each squared mode in the spreadsheet).

  • STI02_QR_Damped_Unsymmetric.zip

    diff --git a/dist/resources/8/index.html b/dist/resources/8/index.html index b612b43..e28e65f 100644 --- a/dist/resources/8/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/8/index.html @@ -251,8 +251,9 @@

    Resources

    dspace_assembly.zip

  • harmonic_and_random.zip

    -

    -

    harmonic_and_random.zip

    +

    Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

    +

    This zip file contains a simple example - single input PSD table for base excitation of a fictitious structure - run as both random vibration and harmonic response analyses. The user can review the contents of the two input files and see how one can relate harmonic analyses (the transfer function) to the response PSD in random vibration analyses. (Actually, one can also look it up in any dynamics textbook, but this just shows how one can do it in ANSYS.)

    +

    (See also TFUN undocumented command to get the transfer function after a random vibration analysis.)

    • @@ -185,35 +185,37 @@

    Examples -bow.inp +ballshear.inp -

    Mark Troscinski (ANSYS, Inc.)

    +

    Steve Groothuis (Micron Technology, Inc.)

    -Example of bowshock on cylinder. +"I have uploaded a nice mechanical contact problem using solder and a shearing ram (original work is found in Huang, et al. ECTC paper). That paper spells out the material properties necessary to perform a rate-dependent mechanical load using ANSYS. Compare the paper's Figure 3 with the /POST26 plvar plot (excellent correlation with minimal data)."
  • -conv_fins.inp +bar.inp -

    Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

    +

    Timothy Berger (UCLA)

    + +"I have included a rather long input file that I used for my Ph.D. dissertation on an SGI Origin 2000 supercomputer. I believe it is the low density mesh version but if you run into problems, go to lines 157-167 starting from /BATCH and lower the numbers as you see fit for my mesh parameters. I removed all of the constraint equations from the file below as it will slow ANSYS down considerably if they are included." -Simple natural convection problem of heated fins, 2D tri. + For additional notes by author, see contents of macro for more details.
  • -cylinflo.inp +beam176cross.inp -

    Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

    +

    Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

    -Simple example of natural convection of horizontal cylinder. +Simple example of new beam-to-beam contact capability in ANSYS 10.0 using CONTA176. (Note that version 10.0 or higher must be used.)
  • -large_rotat.inp +block_rad.inp -

    Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

    +

    Kal Torak

    -Input file demonstrating large rotation (beam). Also shows that line search takes longer CPU time. +Simple input file showing radiation between two blocks using /AUX12 radiation matrix method.
    • --> @@ -221,43 +223,43 @@

    Examples Miscellaneous see all

    @@ -267,44 +269,48 @@

    Miscellaneous Html

    • Inquiry Functions

      -

      +

      John Crawford

      Inquiry functions are similar to *GET functions, used to retreive information about the current database. These can be used in macros to automate procedures and obtain information in a simple manner

    • Undocumented Features

      -

      +

      ansys.net

      Undocumented commands & features

    • Vector operations and commands

      -

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      Vector notation/functions in ANSYS allow the user to execute some of these *DO loops in a much more efficient manner. Instead of looping through individual functions, vector functions act upon arrays, resulting in faster execution times. This memo will provide some basic/introductory examples on the use of *VGET as well as the undocumented vector notation.

    • Introduction to Hidden Parameters

      -

      +

      John Crawford

      An introduction to hidden parameters, those which begin or end with an underscore. Use of parameters with a trailing underscore can be used to "hide" macro parameters if they are to be shared by several users.

    • ANSYS and Tcl/Tk Customization

      -

      +

      John Swanson

      Information on using Tcl/Tk with ANSYS to create customized GUI. Tcl/Tk is used in ANSYS, such as the Contact Wizard, Solution Control Wizard, or Materials GUI at 5.7/6.0.

    • ANSYS and UIDL Customization

      -

      +

      ansys.net

      The UIDL Programmers Guide is part of the ANSYS Programmers Set manuals.

    • *GET commands/functions

      -

      +

      ansys.net

      Undocumented *GET commands

    • Undocumented Elements and Element Features

      -

      +

      ansys.net

      Undocumented elements and element features

    • Textbook and Journal References

      -

      +

      ansys.net

      list of useful literature

    • Animation Gallery

      -

      +

      ansys.net

      Animations of ANSYS Analyses

      +
    • +

      The REAL Power in Using PowerGraphics

      +

      John Crawford, Stress Analyst, Honeywell

      +

      Comparision between Full and Power Graphics for Results Display

    diff --git a/dist/macros/0/index.html b/dist/macros/0/index.html index 3fe4aaa..a378af9 100644 --- a/dist/macros/0/index.html +++ b/dist/macros/0/index.html @@ -91,6 +91,14 @@

    Macros

    • +

      a2comet.mac

      +

      Fern Thomassy (Southwest Research Institute)

      +

      Creates a COMET/Acoustics model from an ANSYS model.

      +
    • +

      a2glue.mac

      +

      Eric Miller (PADT)

      +

      Work around for standard AGLUE that avoids the "ungluing" that can occur

      +

    • a_filmax.mac

      Ernst Hustedt (Air New Zealand Engineering)

      Calculate maximum possible fillet radius for lines 1 and 2 and store in variable FILMAX.

      @@ -100,157 +108,166 @@

      Macros

      "I wrote a macro years ago to calculate distributed loads. The idea behind it is to define a profile using 3-noded shells above the surface to be loaded and calculate the height of the profile above each node of the surface. The nodal force is the height calculated for each node. In a second macro the point loads are scaled proportionally to the area associated with each node. I guess ANSYS has some better functionality now to do this sort of thing. I add the code for what it's worth. It did the job for me at the time."

      For A_HYDRO1 (part 1 of 2), this is a macro to calculate hydrostatic loads under an arbitrary profile. The procedure involves calculating the vertical distance from each point to be loaded to a ceiling of arbitrary shape, where the ceiling is defined by triangular patches.

    • -

      ans2aba.mac

      -

      Dave Lindeman (3M)

      -

      This macro (actually, an input file of an ABAQUS verification problem) provides an example of using ANSYS to preprocess and write out an ABAQUS input deck. From the author: "Note that this is an APDL script that illustrates a translation procedure and NOT an independent macro (i.e., this is just a starting place for others -- customization IS required)."

      -
    • -

      ACCURATE.zip

      -

      Vladimir Tkach (NPO Energomash)

      -

      "This macro evaluate Mesh Discretization Error and Criteria for Accuracy of Finite Element Solutions based on Chandresh Shah’s article (2002)."

      +

      a_hydro2.mac

      +

      Ernst Hustedt (AMES Ltd.)

      +

      "I wrote a macro years ago to calculate distributed loads. The idea behind it is to define a profile using 3-noded shells above the surface to be loaded and calculate the height of the profile above each node of the surface. The nodal force is the height calculated for each node. In a second macro the point loads are scaled proportionally to the area associated with each node."I guess ANSYS has some better functionality now to do this sort of thing. I add the code for what it's worth. It did the job for me at the time." For A_HYDRO2, this is a macro to modify nodal forces calculated in A_HYDRO1.MAC proportionally to their areas.

    • -

      anvect.mac

      -

      Bill Bulat (CSI)

      -

      Animates velocity vectors from Flotran transient results

      +

      a_num.mac

      +

      Mitch Voehl (CEC Corp)

      +

      Macro to get area number by keypoint number.

    • -

      anvolt.mac

      -

      Bill Bulat (CSI)

      -

      Animates voltage results of harmonic analysis in /POST1 by contouring the real part of the solution while varying the phase angle.

      +

      ac_angle.mac

      +

      +

      ac_angle.mac

    • acal.mac

      (Tech Inno)

      This macro calculates the sum of areas for all selected elements. Macro amended by S. Kukula (Dyson Ltd) with *VMASK to account for non-consecutive area numbering.

    • -

      aface.mac

      -

      -

      If you want to use this macro to create areas on the outside skin of tet elements, use the ESURF command to create shell elements on the outside faces of the tets, then select these shell elements and run AFACE.MAC.

      -
    • -

      anfout2.mac

      -

      -

      Macro that traverses the solid model and writes an anf file.

      -
    • -

      ans2unv.mac

      -

      -

      This macro translates element and nodal data FOR THE CURRENTLY SELECTED SET OF ELEMENTS into Ideas Neutral File (UNV) format. Based on the Ansys to Patran 2 macro developed by G. May and available in ansys.net

      +

      accurate.zip

      +

      Vladimir Tkach (NPO Energomash)

      +

      "This macro evaluate Mesh Discretization Error and Criteria for Accuracy of Finite Element Solutions based on Chandresh Shah’s article (2002)."

    • -

      cmput.mac

      +

      acmn.mac

      -

      cmput.mac

      +

      acmn.mac

    • -

      ctpipe3.mac

      +

      acomplot.mac

      -

      ctpipe3.mac

      +

      acomplot.mac

    • -

      distcalc.mac

      +

      aext.mac

      -

      distcalc.mac

      +

      aext.mac

    • -

      elgroup.mac

      +

      aface.mac

      -

      elgroup.mac

      +

      If you want to use this macro to create areas on the outside skin of tet elements, use the ESURF command to create shell elements on the outside faces of the tets, then select these shell elements and run AFACE.MAC.

    • -

      erf.mac

      +

      aloop.mac

      -

      erf.mac

      +

      aloop.mac

    • -

      fix.mac

      +

      alsm.mac

      -

      fix.mac

      +

      alsm.mac

    • -

      g_mur.mac

      +

      anfout.mac

      -

      g_mur.mac

      +

      anfout.mac

    • -

      geten.mac

      +

      anfout2.mac

      -

      geten.mac

      +

      Macro that traverses the solid model and writes an anf file.

    • -

      getva.mac

      +

      anglemod.mac

      -

      getva.mac

      +

      anglemod.mac

    • -

      im1.mac

      -

      -

      im1.mac

      +

      anharm.mac

      +

      Bill Bulat (CSI)

      +

      Animates pressure results of harmonic analysis in /POST1 by contouring the real part of the solution while varying the phase angle. (While 5.6 has the feature, I like the way Bill has implemented this -- take a look: it's a bit more efficient than the 5.6 macro - STI)

      +
    • +

      anol.mac

      +

      Bram Weisman (SBM-IMODCO)

      +

      "I wrote some macros to simplify common annotation tasks. They let me place annotation on the screen n lines above the title. This eliminates picking and placement guesswork. Below is the one that places annotation on the left side. Initially, I only had one argument for the actual text (arg3). Then I realized that the /tlab command allows up to 60 characters, but currently only 32 get passed through as arguments to macros. So I added a second one (arg4).
      +"Generally for ANOL, I won't use the second argument (the character offset). If you use a zero for ARG1, your text will precisely overlay the /title and I believe this is independent of screen resolution, but might be dependent on certain other text settings.
      +"To get a feel for this, try issuing the following:
      +ANOL,4,,'This is four lines above title',''
      +ANOL,3,,'This is three lines above title',''
      +ANOL,2,,'This is two lines above title',''
      +ANOL,1,,'This is one lines above title',''

      +

      "Also try the following:
      +/title,This is the title
      +ANOL,0,,'This is the title',''

      +

      The two are perfectly overlaid on my system."

    • -

      im6.mac

      -

      -

      im6.mac

      +

      ans2aba.mac

      +

      Dave Lindeman (3M)

      +

      This macro (actually, an input file of an ABAQUS verification problem) provides an example of using ANSYS to preprocess and write out an ABAQUS input deck. From the author: "Note that this is an APDL script that illustrates a translation procedure and NOT an independent macro (i.e., this is just a starting place for others -- customization IS required)."

    • -

      initrot.mac

      +

      ans2pat.mac

      -

      initrot.mac

      +

      ans2pat.mac

    • -

      justmeshit.mac

      +

      ans2unv.mac

      -

      justmeshit.mac

      +

      This macro translates element and nodal data FOR THE CURRENTLY SELECTED SET OF ELEMENTS into Ideas Neutral File (UNV) format. Based on the Ansys to Patran 2 macro developed by G. May and available in ansys.net

    • -

      mapme.mac

      +

      ansys2stl.mac

      -

      mapme.mac

      +

      ansys2stl.mac

    • -

      myanim.mac

      -

      -

      myanim.mac

      +

      anvect.mac

      +

      Bill Bulat (CSI)

      +

      Animates velocity vectors from Flotran transient results

    • -

      prnwp.mac

      -

      -

      prnwp.mac

      +

      anvolt.mac

      +

      Bill Bulat (CSI)

      +

      Animates voltage results of harmonic analysis in /POST1 by contouring the real part of the solution while varying the phase angle.

    • -

      readsi.mac

      +

      areacal.mac

      -

      readsi.mac

      +

      areacal.mac

    • -

      rfor_total.mac

      +

      areatest.mac

      -

      rfor_total.mac

      +

      areatest.mac

    • -

      select_hexpyra.mac

      +

      arplot.mac

      -

      select_hexpyra.mac

      +

      arplot.mac

    • -

      sxyz.mac

      +

      aslm_bw.mac

      -

      sxyz.mac

      +

      aslm_bw.mac

    • -

      trq_msp.mac

      +

      aswp.mac

      -

      trq_msp.mac

      +

      aswp.mac

    • -

      v2glue.mac

      +

      attrib_2_Load.js

      -

      v2glue.mac

      +

      attrib_2_Load.js

    • -

      x_demo_vread.mac

      +

      attrib_2_Load_FEA.js

      -

      x_demo_vread.mac

      +

      attrib_2_Load_FEA.js

    • -

      anglemod.mac

      +

      attrib_2_MeshSizing.js

      -

      anglemod.mac

      +

      attrib_2_MeshSizing.js

    • -

      areacal.mac

      -

      -

      areacal.mac

      +

      ave_tmp.mac

      +

      Ted Harris (PADT)

      +

      Computes the average temperature (from a thermal analysis) of the selected set of nodes. Example of the use of *VMASK.

    • -

      clean.mac

      +

      avgtemp.mac

      -

      clean.mac

      +

      avgtemp.mac

    • -

      cmresu.mac

      -

      -

      cmresu.mac

      +

      avsucd.mac

      +

      Ian Sigal (University of Toronto)

      +

      "The macro writes an AVS UCD file that can be read by Amira. This allows quick display and post-processing. I use the macro to export a model formed of Solid92 tetrahedrals, but only the results in the four corners are written to the file. The macro also writes the element solutions, although these are not read by Amira, but are accepted in the AVS UCD standard."

    • -

      distkp2l.mac

      +

      axiget.mac

      -

      distkp2l.mac

      +

      axiget.mac

    • -

      ellipse.mac

      +

      b188to89.mac

      -

      ellipse.mac

      +

      b188to89.mac

    • -

      ez_rfor.mac

      -

      -

      ez_rfor.mac

      +

      battle.mac

      +

      Dave Lindeman (3M)

      +

      A macro used to play "Battleship" on ANSYS. (It's a very cool macro. I modified the macro very slightly since the answer was being revealed at 5.5 and 5.6, so /num,0 and /num,1 were added to prevent this from occurring. -- STI)
      +From the author: By the way, please note that this is mugware - if you enjoy the game, or are mildly amused by the thought of a game written in APDL, please send one of your company mugs to the address below.
      +Enjoy!

      +

      Dave Lindeman
      +CAE Specialist
      +3M Company
      +3M Center 235-1F-36
      +St. Paul, MN 55144

    • -

      fixdivs.mac

      +

      bbldiv.mac

      -

      fixdivs.mac

      +

      bbldiv.mac

    • -

      fxfrm08.mac

      +

      beaforce.mac

      -

      fxfrm08.mac

      +

      beaforce.mac

    • -

      getface.mac

      +

      beamnet.mac

      -

      getface.mac

      +

      beamnet.mac

    • -

      helix.mac

      +

      beampres.mac

      -

      helix.mac

      +

      beampres.mac

    • -

      im10.mac

      +

      bearing.mac

      -

      im10.mac

      +

      bearing.mac

    • -

      im60.mac

      +

      bilinear.mac

      -

      im60.mac

      +

      bilinear.mac

    • -

      jwasel.mac

      -

      -

      jwasel.mac

      +

      bode01.mac

      +

      Bill Bulat (CSI)

      +

      Macro produces a bode plot using 2 predefined variables in /post26.

    • -

      lproj.mac

      +

      cbc_rmp5.mac

      -

      lproj.mac

      +

      cbc_rmp5.mac

    • -

      mg.mac

      +

      checkiges.mac

      -

      mg.mac

      +

      checkiges.mac

    • -

      modeshap.mac

      +

      clean.mac

      -

      modeshap.mac

      +

      clean.mac

    • -

      my_rot.mac

      +

      clean_model.mac

      -

      my_rot.mac

      +

      clean_model.mac

    • -

      numtog.mac

      +

      closeline.mac

      -

      numtog.mac

      +

      closeline.mac

    • -

      reassign.mac

      +

      cmdif.mac

      -

      reassign.mac

      +

      cmdif.mac

    • -

      selloc.mac

      +

      cmf.mac

      -

      selloc.mac

      +

      cmf.mac

    • -

      skndpth.mac

      +

      cmget.mac

      -

      skndpth.mac

      +

      cmget.mac

    • -

      subcont.mac

      +

      cmput.mac

      -

      subcont.mac

      +

      cmput.mac

    • -

      varthk.mac

      +

      cmresu.mac

      -

      varthk.mac

      +

      cmresu.mac

    • -

      vol.mac

      +

      cmreview.mac

      -

      vol.mac

      +

      cmreview.mac

    • -

      x_esum.mac

      +

      cmsave.mac

      -

      x_esum.mac

      +

      cmsave.mac

    • -

      a_hydro2.mac

      -

      Ernst Hustedt (AMES Ltd.)

      -

      "I wrote a macro years ago to calculate distributed loads. The idea behind it is to define a profile using 3-noded shells above the surface to be loaded and calculate the height of the profile above each node of the surface. The nodal force is the height calculated for each node. In a second macro the point loads are scaled proportionally to the area associated with each node."I guess ANSYS has some better functionality now to do this sort of thing. I add the code for what it's worth. It did the job for me at the time." For A_HYDRO2, this is a macro to modify nodal forces calculated in A_HYDRO1.MAC proportionally to their areas.

      -
    • -

      acmn.mac

      +

      cnf_freqresp.mac

      -

      acmn.mac

      -
    • -

      anharm.mac

      -

      Bill Bulat (CSI)

      -

      Animates pressure results of harmonic analysis in /POST1 by contouring the real part of the solution while varying the phase angle. (While 5.6 has the feature, I like the way Bill has implemented this -- take a look: it's a bit more efficient than the 5.6 macro - STI)

      +

      cnf_freqresp.mac

    • -

      ansys2stl.mac

      +

      cnvg_time.mac

      -

      ansys2stl.mac

      +

      cnvg_time.mac

    • -

      areatest.mac

      +

      coil_emf.mac

      -

      areatest.mac

      +

      coil_emf.mac

    • -

      battle.mac

      -

      Dave Lindeman (3M)

      -

      A macro used to play "Battleship" on ANSYS. (It's a very cool macro. I modified the macro very slightly since the answer was being revealed at 5.5 and 5.6, so /num,0 and /num,1 were added to prevent this from occurring. -- STI)
      -From the author: By the way, please note that this is mugware - if you enjoy the game, or are mildly amused by the thought of a game written in APDL, please send one of your company mugs to the address below.
      -Enjoy!

      -

      Dave Lindeman
      -CAE Specialist
      -3M Company
      -3M Center 235-1F-36
      -St. Paul, MN 55144

      +

      compten.mac

      +

      +

      compten.mac

    • -

      clean_model.mac

      +

      conts2s.mac

      -

      clean_model.mac

      +

      conts2s.mac

    • -

      cmreview.mac

      +

      coupcoin.mac

      -

      cmreview.mac

      +

      coupcoin.mac

    • -

      cubic.mac

      +

      couple_dof.mac

      -

      cubic.mac

      +

      couple_dof.mac

    • -

      distload.mac

      +

      cpjoins.mac

      -

      distload.mac

      +

      cpjoins.mac

    • -

      efatigue.mac

      +

      cpquery.mac

      -

      efatigue.mac

      +

      cpquery.mac

    • -

      emf1.mac

      +

      ctpipe3.mac

      -

      emf1.mac

      +

      ctpipe3.mac

    • -

      f3d.mac

      +

      cubic.mac

      -

      f3d.mac

      +

      cubic.mac

      +
    • +

      cvctrl.mac

      +

      Chris Kennedy (Think PEAK, Inc.)

      +

      Prompts for yield stress of material and uses it to set up /CVAL command so that post-processing plots will show elements that exceed the YIELD stress value as red, and elements which have a compressive stress lower than -YIELD as blue. If the minimum stress is not less than -YIELD than the actual minimum is used instead of -YIELD.

    • -

      gplt.mac

      +

      cycgen.mac

      -

      gplt.mac

      +

      cycgen.mac

    • -

      helix2.mac

      +

      dcontour.mac

      +

      Doug Woolridge (Mercury Marine)

      +

      Creates a second contour using 2D annotation under the original color contour. The values on the new contour are scaled by 'scale_factor'.

      +

      A modified macro DCONTOU2 by Vincent Raillard changes this to have 2 - 9 uniform contours.

      +
    • +

      dgnr8.mac

      -

      helix2.mac

      +

      dgnr8.mac

    • -

      hole.mac

      +

      distcalc.mac

      -

      hole.mac

      +

      distcalc.mac

    • -

      im12.mac

      +

      distkp2l.mac

      -

      im12.mac

      +

      distkp2l.mac

    • -

      im63.mac

      +

      distload.mac

      -

      im63.mac

      +

      distload.mac

    • -

      jb_forc.mac

      +

      dnsol_view.mac

      -

      jb_forc.mac

      +

      dnsol_view.mac

    • -

      kbfocus.mac

      -

      Eric Miller (PADT)

      -

      "Below you will find a little macro that can be run to fix the more common issues with focus on the command line not behaving as expected at 6.1. It is a partial hack that needs to be run after the GUI is up, so you can't put it in your start61.ans file (sorry). It also does not fix focus loss with the picker (which is intentional) or the pan-zoom-rotate dialog (not so intentional). Those will require more than a simple Tcl/Tk script."

      +

      ds_JPDL___User_Fatigue_PNEN13445-3.js

      +

      Przemyslaw Siedlaczek (MESco)

      +

      Workbench macro solves fatigue according to pressure vessel code PN EN 13445-3 and displays results as a User Defined Result.

    • -

      lcolor.mac

      +

      ds_MESCO_ContFrictVsTemp_APLD.js

      -

      lcolor.mac

      +

      DS_MESCO_ContFrictVsTemp_APLD.js

    • -

      importJPEG1.bas

      +

      12 Predefined Views

      +

      Matthew Pausley (Nuvotronics, Inc.)

      +

      This is an XML file that can be used in Workbench Mechanical to provide 12 common views aligned with the coordinate axes. The naming convention is "Up-Axis + Axis of viewing", i.e. "Z+X" means "Z axis is up, looking in the direction of positive X". To import this XML file into Workbench Mechanical, go to "View menu > Windows > Manage Views", then click on the "Import..." icon in the Manage Views panel to import this XML file.

      +
    • +

      aNS-history.txt

      -

      importJPEG1.bas

      +

      ANS-history.txt

    • -

      plot33.f

      +

      aPDL.syn

      -

      plot33.f

      +

      APDL.syn

    • -

      12 Predefined Views

      -

      Matthew Pausley (Nuvotronics, Inc.)

      -

      This is an XML file that can be used in Workbench Mechanical to provide 12 common views aligned with the coordinate axes. The naming convention is "Up-Axis + Axis of viewing", i.e. "Z+X" means "Z axis is up, looking in the direction of positive X". To import this XML file into Workbench Mechanical, go to "View menu > Windows > Manage Views", then click on the "Import..." icon in the Manage Views panel to import this XML file.

      +

      ask.tcl

      +

      Navtej Singh (Intel)

      +

      "You will be prompted with variable name and value in a single dialouge box. Enter the variable name upto 32 chars long. Enter the variable value upto 128 chars long. Value can be numeric or string. No need to enter quotes for string. On clicking enter this script will set the variable name with the value in ANSYS properly either as a nummeric or string."

      +
    • +

      circle.grn

      +

      +

      circle.grn

      +
    • +

      cmap_ansys_viridis.cmap

      +

      Cristóbal Tapia (University Stuttgart)

      +

      This is a colormap for Viridis, which is the new colormap designed by Nathaniel Smith and Stéfan van der Walt for matplotlib

    • getfile.tcl

      Matthew Sutton (PADT)

      Tcl script which opens a dialog box for a user to select an input file to read from (/INPUT). Use ~eui,'source getfile.tcl' to run the Tcl script, after saving it to your working directory.

    • -

      importJPEG2.bas

      -

      -

      importJPEG2.bas

      -
    • -

      plot7.cmap

      -

      Bryan Baskin (Bell Helicopter Textron, Inc.)

      -

      Color map (contours) which ranges from purple to red. Use /cmap,plot7.cmap to read in file.

      -

    • greyscl.cmap

      John Thompson (ANSYS, Inc.)

      Color map file to produce grayscale contours. Use /cmap,greyscl.cmap to read this file in.

    • -

      importpara.tcl

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Example of use of Tcl/Tk to bring up custom dialog box to import parasolid files. This could be used in an input file to automatically prompt the user to import a particular parasolid file through a dialog box. It can be easily extended to include any Connection Kit product (ACIS/SAT, Pro/E, UG, CATIA, etc.).

      +

      importJPEG1.bas

      +

      +

      importJPEG1.bas

    • -

      rotate.grn

      +

      importJPEG2.bas

      -

      rotate.grn

      +

      importJPEG2.bas

    • importPPT.bas

      importPPT.bas

    • -

      Intro05.ppt

      -

      -

      Intro05.ppt

      -
    • -

      silicon.mat

      -

      -

      silicon.mat

      -
    • -

      woofer.wbpz

      +

      importpara.tcl

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Fictitious example of an acoustic analysis of a speaker in an archived ANSYS Workbench 13.0 project. Voice coil is excited with unit force; pressure is measured in front of speaker.

      -

      In Workbench, turn on beta features in order to be able to postprocess acoustic pressure.

      -

      Instead of performing a harmonic sweep, an analysis of a single frequency is set up. The Workbench Parameter page is then use to run a frequency sweep, where the PML (perfectly matched layers) region and buffer region size, along with mesh density, is adjusted for each frequency. This is done because if a single mesh for a large frequency range is used, the PML region would need to be as large as to accommodate the lowest frequency of interest while the mesh needs to be fine enough to capture the response of the highest frequency of interest — a large domain and small element size would result in inefficient solution times. By using Workbench Parameters, the mesh can be adjusted uniquely for each frequency. Higher-order FLUID220 and FLUID221 are used.

      +

      Example of use of Tcl/Tk to bring up custom dialog box to import parasolid files. This could be used in an input file to automatically prompt the user to import a particular parasolid file through a dialog box. It can be easily extended to include any Connection Kit product (ACIS/SAT, Pro/E, UG, CATIA, etc.).

    • -

      ANS-history.txt

      +

      intro05.ppt

      -

      ANS-history.txt

      +

      Intro05.ppt

    • -

      cmap_ansys_viridis.cmap

      -

      Cristóbal Tapia (University Stuttgart)

      -

      This is a colormap for Viridis, which is the new colormap designed by Nathaniel Smith and Stéfan van der Walt for matplotlib

      +

      inventor.vbs

      +

      +

      Inventor.vbs

    • jkt.cmap

      Juha Tyllinen (KONE Corporation)

      Color map (contours) which uses grayscale. Use /cmap,jkt,cmap to read in file.

    • -

      userelement.tar

      +

      list of Files

      -

      userelement.tar

      -
    • -

      ask.tcl

      -

      Navtej Singh (Intel)

      -

      "You will be prompted with variable name and value in a single dialouge box. Enter the variable name upto 32 chars long. Enter the variable value upto 128 chars long. Value can be numeric or string. No need to enter quotes for string. On clicking enter this script will set the variable name with the value in ANSYS properly either as a nummeric or string."

      +

      List of Files from ansys.net

    • -

      Inventor.vbs

      +

      plot33.f

      -

      Inventor.vbs

      +

      plot33.f

      +
    • +

      plot7.cmap

      +

      Bryan Baskin (Bell Helicopter Textron, Inc.)

      +

      Color map (contours) which ranges from purple to red. Use /cmap,plot7.cmap to read in file.

    • reverse_color.cmap

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      Colormap file to have reverse black and white. Use /cmap,reverse.cmap to read this file in.

      (This is the same colormap you get when you use "Utility Menu > PlotCtrls > Style > Color > Reverse Video")

    • -

      APDL.syn

      -

      -

      APDL.syn

      -

    • reverse_gray.cmap

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      Colormap file to have reverse black and white with grayscale colors (dark=blue, light=red). Use /cmap,reverse_gray.cmap to read this file in

    • -

      tempdele.bat

      -

      -

      tempdele.bat

      -
    • -

      circle.grn

      +

      rotate.grn

      -

      circle.grn

      +

      rotate.grn

    • script.ps1

      script.ps1

    • +

      silicon.mat

      +

      +

      silicon.mat

      +
    • +

      tempdele.bat

      +

      +

      tempdele.bat

      +
    • +

      userelement.tar

      +

      +

      userelement.tar

      +

    • wirebond

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      Simple Workbench Mechanical 13.0 example of a ultrasonic wire bonding tool. The piezoelectric stacks are prestressed with a bolt and driven at a given frequency (in this case, resonance is around 59 kHz). Project includes prestressed modal and prestressed harmonic response analyses.

      To run this analysis, be sure to set the environment variable WB OLD PRESTRESS first since piezoelectric elements are not supported with the newer PERTURB method.

    • -

      List of Files

      -

      -

      List of Files from ansys.net

      +

      woofer.wbpz

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Fictitious example of an acoustic analysis of a speaker in an archived ANSYS Workbench 13.0 project. Voice coil is excited with unit force; pressure is measured in front of speaker.

      +

      In Workbench, turn on beta features in order to be able to postprocess acoustic pressure.

      +

      Instead of performing a harmonic sweep, an analysis of a single frequency is set up. The Workbench Parameter page is then use to run a frequency sweep, where the PML (perfectly matched layers) region and buffer region size, along with mesh density, is adjusted for each frequency. This is done because if a single mesh for a large frequency range is used, the PML region would need to be as large as to accommodate the lowest frequency of interest while the mesh needs to be fine enough to capture the response of the highest frequency of interest — a large domain and small element size would result in inefficient solution times. By using Workbench Parameters, the mesh can be adjusted uniquely for each frequency. Higher-order FLUID220 and FLUID221 are used.

    • -

      methods_for_modeling_bolts.pdf

      -

      Jerome Montgomery

      -

      "Modeling bolts for three-dimensional finite element applications have, and still continue to raise questions. The limitations on model size sometimes make modeling of solid bolts impractical. Therefore, many analysts choose other methods to model bolts. Line elements with coupled nodes and line elements with spider beams are a couple of alternative approaches. This paper looks at a few methods for modeling pretension bolted joints using the finite element method (ANSYS 5.7). Pretension is modeled using ANSYS pretension elements (PRETS179) which can be used on solid or line element types. Surface-to-surface contact elements are used to account for varying contact distribution along flanges. Bolt head and nut behavior is modeled by, coupled nodes, beam elements, rigid body elements (RBE3), or solids. Bolt stud is modeled by solid elements, beam elements, pipe elements, or link elements. The choice of line elements versus solid elements is determined by the degree of complexity sought. The pros and cons of different simulations are also discussed."

      +

      *GET/*VGET Sheet

      +

      (PADT)

      +

      This is a handy sheet with *GET and *VGET items. A user can print this out as a reference sheet when writing APDL macros.

    • -

      nonlinear_problems_of_steel_civil_structures.pdf

      -

      Milan Vasek

      -

      "The civil engineering structures are today designed with respect to the limit state of serviceability and limit states of the strength and stability. The design of more efficient and light structures leads to the nonlinear analysis of deflections and stresses. Some parts of structure could reach the yield point under the design load. Some parts of structure could lose their local stability. These complex problems of a different nature are possible to solve by FEM methods."

      +

      051805_maug_contact_presentation.pdf

      +

      +

      051805_maug_contact_presentation.pdf

    • -

      Towards Automated Determination of USERMAT for the Nonlinear Constitutive Behavior of Composites

      -

      J. Michopoulos, P. Mast, R. Badaliance, L. Gause, T. Chwastyk, R. Foerch

      -

      "Recent advances in finite element techniques and design optimization integration technologies along with the parallel hardware and software evolution have directed the CMS group to turn its attention to utilizing "of the shelf" technology of achieving the same goals. Thus, the "Z-mat" and "Z-Optim" packages from Northwest Numerics, Inc., have been utilized to extract the non-linear constitutive response from the available experimental data in an integrated and automated manner and in conjunction with the ANSYS/Mechanical infrastructure. The automation lies on the fact that the process automatically generates the code of a "USERMAT" subroutine that it can be subsequently used with any geometry and loading specification definable within the limits of ANSYS' non-linear element library. The geometry of the single notched specimen of NRL's In Plane has been used for developing and verifying the process."

      +

      051805_maug_topology_optimization_presentation.pdf

      +

      +

      051805_maug_topology_optimization_presentation.pdf

    • -

      The Building Blocks of Simulation: A New Family of Elements for Stress Analysis

      -

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Presentation on 18x family of elements (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

      +

      10.pdf

      +

      +

      10.pdf

    • -

      Principles of Simulating Contact Between Parts using ANSYS

      -

      David H. Johnson

      -

      "The ANSYS finite element analysis (FEA) program offers a variety of elements designed to treat cases of changing mechanical contact between the parts of an assembly or between different faces of a single part. These elements range from simple, limited idealizations to complex and sophisticated, general purpose algorithms. FEA analysts are frequently faced with modeling situations where changing contact cannot be assumed negligible and ignored. Finding the best choices for contact elements, element options, solver, and solution options can drastically improve the model’s performance and reduce the analyst’s frustration with a contact simulation model."

      +

      10_0130_Cross_paper.pdf

      +

      +

      10_0130_Cross_paper.pdf

    • -

      180 Series Elements: Why Should One Use Them in Linear Analysis

      -

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Presentation on 18x elements (continuum, beam, shell) and its features related to both linear and nonlinear analyses.

      +

      12.pdf

      +

      +

      12.pdf

    • -

      Anisotropic Plasticity and Failure Prediction in Wood Composites

      -

      David M. Moses, Helmut G.L. Prion

      -

      "Two case studies are summarized using anisotropic plasticity and the Weibull weakest link failure model to predict the behavior of wood and wood composites. The linear elastic orthotropic model normally used for wood is shown to be insufficient for the prediction of ultimate strength in wood. Non-linear, non-recoverable behavior in compression in each of the orthogonal material directions is of particular interest in cases where localized crushing governs the load-displacement behavior of wood."

      -

      "The anisotropic plasticity option in ANSYS was used to predict yielding and post-yield behavior for the wood composite used in this study because yield stresses in orthogonal directions were found to be in the ratio of 1:1.2:5. A user-programmable Fortran subroutine was developed for ANSYS to carry out the failure analysis (and to calculate the volume integration of the stresses) at each load-step in post-processing. The model was verified using two cases: I) the ASTM D143 shear block test, and II) bolted connections."

      +

      13_4.pdf

      +

      +

      13_4.pdf

    • -

      conflong_viscoel.pdf

      +

      180 Series Elements: Why Should One Use Them in Linear Analysis

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Presentation on the viscoelasticity model, introduced in ANSYS 6.1, available for both hypo- and hyper-elasticity (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

      -
    • -

      Effect of Package Design and Layout on BGA Solder Joint Reliability of an Organic C4 Package

      -

      Biju Chandran, Deepak Goyal, and Jeffrey Thomas

      -

      "Ball Grid Array (BGA) is currently the interconnect of choice for attaching microprocessors on a printed circuit board (PCB). The reliability of solder joints is one of the critical issues in BGA surface mount technology (SMT). During reliability testing, BGA fatigue failures were observed on test vehicles (TV). Finite element analysis and physical failure analysis were used to determine the risk to the product in the field. As part of this effort, parametric finite element analysis was carried out to determine the effect of design features like the package size, and BGA pattern on the propensity of fatigue failure. The results of the finite element analysis and physical failure analysis showed that the risk to fatigue failure was much greater on a peripheral / partial grid array package than in a full grid array package."

      -
    • -

      expansion.pdf

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      This is a description of an ANSYS Workbench 13.0 project and the use of the HSFLD242 (hydrostatic fluid) element. It is a fictitious model of the expansion of a tire and subsequent displacement-loading to a rigid surface (e.g., ground).

      -
    • -

      roller.zip

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Simple example of a hollow metal pipe being bent by rollers. Rigid-deformable contact, metal plasticity, use of Joints (MPC184) are in the Workbench Mechanical 12.1 model.

      +

      Presentation on 18x elements (continuum, beam, shell) and its features related to both linear and nonlinear analyses.

    • -

      Reliability Needs

      +

      1998imaps_taiwan.pdf

      -

      Overview of Reliability Models and Data Needs

      +

      1998imaps_taiwan.pdf

    • -

      Save Working Loads

      +

      1_4_4.pdf

      -

      Iterative Determination of Save Working Loads (SWL) for Crawler Cranes

      +

      1_4_4.pdf

    • -

      FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF DAMAGE ACCUMULATION IN BOLTED COMPOSITE JOINTS UNDER INCREMENTAL TENSILE LOADING

      +

      20010202.pdf

      -

      A three-dimensional progressive damage model was developed in order to simulate the damage accumulation of bolted single-lap composite joints under in-plane tensile loading. This model is capable of predicting the residual strength and residual stiffness of laminates with arbitrary lay-ups, geometries and bolt positions. The parametric study includes stress analysis, failure analysis and material property degradation. Stress analysis of the three-dimensional geometry was performed using the ANSYS FE code. Failure analysis and degradation of material properties were implemented using a progressive damage model, which is incorporated in an ANSYS macro-routine. The progressive model utilizes a set of stress-based Hashin-type criteria and a set of appropriate degradation rules. A parametric study was performed to examine the effect of bolt position and friction upon residual strength and damage accumulation.

      +

      20010202.pdf

    • -

      3-Dimensional thermal analysis and active cooling of short-length high-power fiber lasers

      +

      200711956.pdf

      -

      A fully 3-dimensional finite element model has been developed that simulates the internal temperature distribution of short-length high-power fiber lasers. We have validated the numerical model by building a short, cladding-pumped, Er-Yb-codoped fiber laser and measuring the core temperature during laser operation. A dual-end-pumped, actively cooled, fiber laser has generated >11 W CW output power at 1535 nm from only 11.9 cm of active fiber. Simulations indicate power-scaling possibilities with improved fiber and cooling designs.

      +

      200711956.pdf

    • -

      ANSYS news

      +

      2012-optimum_csp_underfill.pdf

      -

      First Issue of ANSYS News

      +

      2012-optimum_csp_underfill.pdf

    • -

      ansys_solutions_2003_summer.pdf

      +

      21.pdf

      -

      ansys_solutions_2003_summer.pdf

      +

      21.pdf

    • -

      asyed_ectc2004_corrected.pdf

      -

      -

      asyed_ectc2004_corrected.pdf

      +

      22x Coupled-Field Elements [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "The 22x direct coupled-field elements (PLANE223, SOLID226-227) provide a wide array of material behavior for multiphysics applications - these include piezoelectricity, piezoresistivity, thermoelasticity, and thermoelectricity. This memo hopes to introduce some of the pertinent features of these elements."

    • -

      barni1.pdf

      +

      25.pdf

      -

      barni1.pdf

      +

      25.pdf

    • -

      cj21-wai.pdf

      +

      2522-3EN.pdf

      -

      cj21-wai.pdf

      +

      2522-3EN.pdf

    • -

      combined_l_o_smoothing.pdf

      +

      26.pdf

      -

      combined_l_o_smoothing.pdf

      +

      26.pdf

    • -

      conflong_hyperel.pdf

      +

      3-Dimensional thermal analysis and active cooling of short-length high-power fiber lasers

      -

      conflong_hyperel.pdf

      +

      A fully 3-dimensional finite element model has been developed that simulates the internal temperature distribution of short-length high-power fiber lasers. We have validated the numerical model by building a short, cladding-pumped, Er-Yb-codoped fiber laser and measuring the core temperature during laser operation. A dual-end-pumped, actively cooled, fiber laser has generated >11 W CW output power at 1535 nm from only 11.9 cm of active fiber. Simulations indicate power-scaling possibilities with improved fiber and cooling designs.

    • -

      ECTC2001-paper.pdf

      +

      3964aeng.pdf

      -

      ECTC2001-paper.pdf

      +

      3964aeng.pdf

    • -

      FLUID29andFLUID79.pdf

      +

      3rdASMO-UK-THLeeKKLee.pdf

      -

      FLUID29andFLUID79.pdf

      +

      3rdASMO-UK-THLeeKKLee.pdf

    • -

      FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf

      +

      51ectc_outstanding_poster.pdf

      -

      FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf

      +

      51ectc_outstanding_poster.pdf

    • -

      Helical_Path.pdf

      +

      54.pdf

      -

      Helical_Path.pdf

      +

      54.pdf

    • -

      hyperelasti_contact_analysis.pdf

      +

      56.pdf

      -

      hyperelasti_contact_analysis.pdf

      +

      56.pdf

    • -

      implant_stent.pdf

      +

      587.pdf

      -

      implant_stent.pdf

      +

      587.pdf

    • -

      IRS2006_reprint.pdf

      +

      5B1.pdf

      -

      IRS2006_reprint.pdf

      +

      5B1.pdf

    • -

      LNCS3078_Chabanas.pdf

      +

      772.pdf

      -

      LNCS3078_Chabanas.pdf

      +

      772.pdf

    • -

      mems-thermal-analogy-fsi-damping.pdf

      +

      9.pdf

      -

      mems-thermal-analogy-fsi-damping.pdf

      +

      9.pdf

    • -

      modeling_disel_engine_cylinder_gaskets.pdf

      +

      9601-010.pdf

      -

      modeling_disel_engine_cylinder_gaskets.pdf

      +

      9601-010.pdf

    • -

      MSM00_ANSYS_trefftz.pdf

      +

      98-102.pdf

      -

      MSM00_ANSYS_trefftz.pdf

      +

      98-102.pdf

    • -

      MSM99_UMN_ufluidic.pdf

      +

      A23417.pdf

      -

      MSM99_UMN_ufluidic.pdf

      +

      A23417.pdf

    • -

      neighborhood_size_control.pdf

      -

      -

      neighborhood_size_control.pdf

      +

      ANSYS Cast Iron Material Model Matches Experimental Data

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "[The purpose of this paper is to] verify the accuracy of the ANSYS cast iron material model. Results from ANSYS are compared with experimental data for a biaxially loaded cruciform geometry."

    • -

      numib695.pdf

      +

      ANSYS news

      -

      numib695.pdf

      +

      First Issue of ANSYS News

    • -

      PAC1991_2197.pdf

      -

      -

      PAC1991_2197.pdf

      +

      ANSYS_Function_Builder.pdf

      +

      Achuth Rao (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      When using the ANSYS Function Editor and Function Loader to define Function Boundary Conditions, a special type of table is used. This document outlines the syntax of the function loading table.

    • -

      post_refinement_quad.pdf

      +

      ANSYS_University_Support_Program.pdf

      -

      post_refinement_quad.pdf

      +

      ANSYS_University_Support_Program.pdf

    • -

      skinner_thesis.pdf

      +

      ANSYS_Users_Group_Hyperelastic_Materials.pdf

      -

      skinner_thesis.pdf

      +

      ANSYS_Users_Group_Hyperelastic_Materials.pdf

      +
    • +

      ANSYS_distributed_tutorial_8.1.zip

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      This is a document for ANSYS 8.1 distributed solvers and how to set them up, specifically for Windows and Linux.

      +
    • +

      APDL Coding Standards [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "Because of the flexibility and automation APDL (ANSYS Parametric Design Language) provides, many users tend to write input files and macros in addition to using the GUI.
      +There are currently no recognized ‘standards’ of writing APDL macros or input files, although there may exist standards within companies on APDL coding. The lack of APDL coding standards may make inheriting someone else’s input files or macros more difficult. Also, parameter or component conflicts may also arise when using multiple macros.
      +This memo hopes to provide some ideas for groups or individuals wishing to develop APDL standards in writing macros or input files."

    • -

      SPIE-02-SS-4701-34-horn.pdf

      +

      ARTICLE1.pdf

      -

      SPIE-02-SS-4701-34-horn.pdf

      +

      ARTICLE1.pdf

      +
    • +

      Anisotropic Plasticity and Failure Prediction in Wood Composites

      +

      David M. Moses, Helmut G.L. Prion

      +

      "Two case studies are summarized using anisotropic plasticity and the Weibull weakest link failure model to predict the behavior of wood and wood composites. The linear elastic orthotropic model normally used for wood is shown to be insufficient for the prediction of ultimate strength in wood. Non-linear, non-recoverable behavior in compression in each of the orthogonal material directions is of particular interest in cases where localized crushing governs the load-displacement behavior of wood."

      +

      "The anisotropic plasticity option in ANSYS was used to predict yielding and post-yield behavior for the wood composite used in this study because yield stresses in orthogonal directions were found to be in the ratio of 1:1.2:5. A user-programmable Fortran subroutine was developed for ANSYS to carry out the failure analysis (and to calculate the volume integration of the stresses) at each load-step in post-processing. The model was verified using two cases: I) the ASTM D143 shear block test, and II) bolted connections."

    • -

      IJSS2007.pdf

      +

      hyperelasti_contact_analysis.pdf

      -

      IJSS2007.pdf

      +

      hyperelasti_contact_analysis.pdf

    • -

      IPACK2005-73239.pdf

      +

      ibmrd3705C.pdf

      -

      IPACK2005-73239.pdf

      +

      ibmrd3705C.pdf

    • -

      large_area_heinemann.pdf

      +

      ibmrd3705E.pdf

      -

      large_area_heinemann.pdf

      +

      ibmrd3705E.pdf

    • -

      meis.pdf

      -

      -

      meis.pdf

      +

      icpkg.zip

      +

      Steve Groothuis (Micron Technology, Inc.)

      +

      "An example of IC package assembly using element birth and death - a simple 5-step die attach, injection molding, and cool-down processes during IC packaging. (compliments to Bill Bulat on concept)"
      +Unzip the file and read in "icpkg.inp".

    • -

      MEP_2005.pdf

      -

      -

      MEP_2005.pdf

      +

      impedance.zip

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Example of the use of complex impedance at a surface, which is a new feature in version 13.0 (for 3D FLUID30, FLUID220, FLUID221 acoustic elements). This is a radiating monopole source. Comparison with infinite FLUID130 shows same results with appropriate value of SF,,IMPD defined.

    • -

      MSM00_ANSYS_romfin.pdf

      +

      implant_stent.pdf

      -

      MSM00_ANSYS_romfin.pdf

      +

      implant_stent.pdf

    • -

      MSM99_ULM_cvd.pdf

      -

      -

      MSM99_ULM_cvd.pdf

      +

      inistate.zip

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      This is a very simple example using Workbench Mechanical 12.0.1 to demonstrate use of the INISTATE command in defining initial stress.
      +Open Workbench 12.0.1 (or 12.1) and use "File > Restore Archive ..."and select the zip file to open the model. Solving should take less than a minute.
      +The model is a simple bar. The first analysis branch has 10e3 psi initial stress only in the x-direction. Notice that the block is free to expand - it only has symmetry boundary conditions. The final results show basically zero stress and displacement of -8.1455e-4 inches. Since initial stress is 10e3 and elastic modulus is 29e6 with a length of 2.3622 inches:
      +10e3 / 29e6 * 2.3622 = 8.1455e-4
      +which is the same answer as given by ANSYS.

      +

      The second analysis branch also has 10e3 psi initial stress only in x-direction. However, there is a Frictionless Support preventing the block from expanding. Final results show displacement basically of zero, and stress of 10e3 psi. This is because the initial stress cannot relax due to the boundary conditions, so the final stress = initial stress in this particular case.

    • -

      PA-27.pdf

      +

      instantaneous_secant_TCE.zip

      -

      PA-27.pdf

      +

      instantaneous_secant_TCE.zip

    • -

      popelar3.pdf

      +

      jb99_14.pdf

      -

      popelar3.pdf

      +

      jb99_14.pdf

    • -

      RDARV_Article1200.pdf

      +

      jhs.pdf

      -

      RDARV_Article1200.pdf

      +

      jhs.pdf

    • -

      Shape_Memory_Alloy.pdf

      +

      jm0323.pdf

      -

      Shape_Memory_Alloy.pdf

      +

      jm0323.pdf

    • -

      STI06_Customize_GUI.pdf

      +

      kurian.pdf

      -

      STI06_Customize_GUI.pdf

      +

      kurian.pdf

    • -

      STI07_Lagrange_Multipliers.pdf

      +

      kyshen.pdf

      -

      STI07_Lagrange_Multipliers.pdf

      +

      kyshen.pdf

    • -

      STI08_ANSYS_6.0_Variable_Viewer.pdf

      +

      large_area_heinemann.pdf

      -

      STI08_ANSYS_6.0_Variable_Viewer.pdf

      +

      large_area_heinemann.pdf

    • -

      tristano03.pdf

      +

      lau.pdf

      -

      tristano03.pdf

      +

      lau.pdf

    • -

      wam95_ufluidics.pdf

      +

      limit_load.pdf

      -

      wam95_ufluidics.pdf

      +

      limit_load.pdf

    • -

      Vector Operations and Commands

      +

      machdesn_pds.pdf

      -

      Vector notation/functions in ANSYS allow the user to execute some of these *DO loops in a much more efficient manner. Instead of looping through individual functions, vector functions act upon arrays, resulting in faster execution times. This memo will provide some basic/introductory examples on the use of *VGET as well as the undocumented vector notation.<br><a href="?mycat=uf_vector">HTML Version here</a>.<br><a href="tips/buildn.inp">Accompanying input file</a>, <a href="tips/buildn1.mac">BUILDN1 macro</a>, and <a href="tips/buildn2.mac">BUILDN2 macro</a>.<p></p> In the memo, in Section 2, please note that there is a typo. The section with the following lines:<br> <tt>*vget,NARRAY(1,1),node,1,u,x<br> *vmask,NMASK(1)<br> *vget,NARRAY(1,2),node,2,u,y<br> *vmask,NMASK(1)<br> *vget,NARRAY(1,3),node,3,u,z<br> </tt> should be replaced as follows:<br> <tt> *vget,NARRAY(1,1),node,1,u,x<br> *vmask,NMASK(1)<br> *vget,NARRAY(1,2),node,1,u,y<br> *vmask,NMASK(1)<br> *vget,NARRAY(1,3),node,1,u,z<br> </tt>

      +

      machdesn_pds.pdf

    • -

      Week_8_Structural_Shell_Elements.pdf

      +

      marval_inzen_mech2007.pdf

      -

      Week_8_Structural_Shell_Elements.pdf

      +

      marval_inzen_mech2007.pdf

    • -

      week26-parametric_studies.pdf

      +

      mat2001_I1.pdf

      -

      week26-parametric_studies.pdf

      +

      mat2001_I1.pdf

    • -

      benchmark_1.zip

      +

      matlab.zip

      -

      benchmark_1.zip

      +

      matlab.zip

    • -

      sprs_mprs.zip

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      The attached zip file includes a simple example demonstrating the procedure to perform a single-point response spectrum (SPRS), where the excitation in 3 direction is applied together (using SRSS combination), not independently. The procedure for multi-point response spectrum (MPRS) is included as well for the same situation. An Excel spreadsheet shows that the results obtained for this simple model is the same for both methods (compare the mode coefficients for each squared mode in the spreadsheet).

      -
    • -

      STI02_QR_Damped_Unsymmetric.zip

      +

      meis.pdf

      -

      STI02_QR_Damped_Unsymmetric.zip

      +

      meis.pdf

    • -

      STI06_Undocumented_Hyperelastic_Models.zip

      +

      mems-thermal-analogy-fsi-damping.pdf

      -

      STI06_Undocumented_Hyperelastic_Models.zip

      +

      mems-thermal-analogy-fsi-damping.pdf

    • -

      STI08_PSOLVE.zip

      +

      mems_1_of_3.pdf

      -

      STI08_PSOLVE.zip

      +

      mems_1_of_3.pdf

    • -

      STI11_Plasticity_Hardening_Rules.zip

      +

      mems_2_of_3.pdf

      -

      STI11_Plasticity_Hardening_Rules.zip

      +

      mems_2_of_3.pdf

    • -

      vm267.zip

      +

      mems_3_of_3.pdf

      -

      vm267.zip

      +

      mems_3_of_3.pdf

    • -

      batch.zip

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      This is an example of how to drag-and-drop a .db file onto a DOS batch file to initiate an analysis.

      -

      Unzip the file and rename "Run Nonlinear.txt " to Run Nonlinear.bat". Place it on your desktop.

      -

      Place "solve_batch.inp" in your D: drive or edit "Run Nonlinear.bat" to change the location of this APDL input file.

      -

      Drag and drop any .db file containing a ready-to-solve nonlinear analysis onto "Run Nonlinear.bat".

      -

      You will find that the solution will initiate in the same working directory, and you can also track the nonlinear solution graphically as the solution is solving in batch.

      -
    • -

      muffler.zip

      +

      memsissue1.pdf

      -

      muffler.zip

      +

      memsissue1.pdf

    • -

      Nested_macros-all-files.zip

      +

      memsissue2.pdf

      -

      Nested_macros-all-files.zip

      +

      memsissue2.pdf

    • -

      POW2MAT.zip

      +

      memsissue3.pdf

      -

      POW2MAT.zip

      +

      memsissue3.pdf

    • -

      prony.zip

      +

      memsissue4.pdf

      -

      prony.zip

      +

      memsissue4.pdf

    • -

      STI02_Rigid_Body_Contact.zip

      +

      methods_for_modeling_bolts.pdf

      +

      Jerome Montgomery

      +

      "Modeling bolts for three-dimensional finite element applications have, and still continue to raise questions. The limitations on model size sometimes make modeling of solid bolts impractical. Therefore, many analysts choose other methods to model bolts. Line elements with coupled nodes and line elements with spider beams are a couple of alternative approaches. This paper looks at a few methods for modeling pretension bolted joints using the finite element method (ANSYS 5.7). Pretension is modeled using ANSYS pretension elements (PRETS179) which can be used on solid or line element types. Surface-to-surface contact elements are used to account for varying contact distribution along flanges. Bolt head and nut behavior is modeled by, coupled nodes, beam elements, rigid body elements (RBE3), or solids. Bolt stud is modeled by solid elements, beam elements, pipe elements, or link elements. The choice of line elements versus solid elements is determined by the degree of complexity sought. The pros and cons of different simulations are also discussed."

      +
    • +

      micro3.pdf

      -

      STI02_Rigid_Body_Contact.zip

      +

      micro3.pdf

    • -

      STI0701_CMS_in_Simulation.zip

      +

      modeling_disel_engine_cylinder_gaskets.pdf

      -

      STI0701_CMS_in_Simulation.zip

      +

      modeling_disel_engine_cylinder_gaskets.pdf

    • -

      dakota.zip

      +

      mrzyg-ziel-3-06.pdf

      -

      dakota.zip

      +

      mrzyg-ziel-3-06.pdf

    • -

      instantaneous_secant_TCE.zip

      +

      muffler.zip

      -

      instantaneous_secant_TCE.zip

      +

      muffler.zip

    • -

      STI01_Acoustic_Elements.zip

      +

      mutamba2.pdf

      -

      STI01_Acoustic_Elements.zip

      +

      mutamba2.pdf

    • -

      STI0702_External_Pressure_Loading_WB_Simulation.zip

      +

      mw2000_1031.pdf

      -

      STI0702_External_Pressure_Loading_WB_Simulation.zip

      +

      mw2000_1031.pdf

    • -

      STI0803_Residual_Vectors.zip

      +

      nafems05c.pdf

      -

      STI0803_Residual_Vectors.zip

      +

      nafems05c.pdf

    • -

      substr-fullpost.zip

      +

      neighborhood_size_control.pdf

      -

      substr-fullpost.zip

      +

      neighborhood_size_control.pdf

      +
    • +

      nonlinear_domain_decomposition_method.pdf

      +

      Iakov Mordukhovich Klebanov, Andrei Nikolaevich Davydov

      +

      "A new domain decomposition technique for parallelization of physically non-linear problems in solid mechanics is developed. It is extended for any stress-strain diagrams. The approach is based on the approximating generalized models of subdomains that leads to a considerably fewer number of iterations requiring updating of substructure parameters. The analytical proof of the convergence of the theoretical iterative procedure and the demonstration of convergence of its numerical implementation with the help of ANSYS are presented."

    • -

      VectorRotation.zip

      +

      nonlinear_finite_element_modeling_titanium.pdf

      -

      VectorRotation.zip

      +

      nonlinear_finite_element_modeling_titanium.pdf

    • bbldiv.mac

      -

      -

      bbldiv.mac

      +

      Bill Bulat (OMM)

      +

      From the author:
      +"I whipped up the following simple macro (I call it bbldiv.mac) to help assign divisions to predefined lines when you don't know their direction, but you do know their end keypoints. Useful for bottom-up modeling with input scripts."

    • beaforce.mac

      -

      -

      beaforce.mac

      +

      Juha Tyllinen (KONE Corporation)

      +

      Macro applies pressure distribution for approximation of bearing force. See contents of macro for details.

    • beamnet.mac

      beamnet.mac

    • beampres.mac

      -

      -

      beampres.mac

      +

      Bram Weisman (Alan C. McClure Associates, Inc.)

      +

      Applies linearly varying pressure on beams.

    • bearing.mac

      -

      -

      bearing.mac

      +

      Mark Kessler (BAE Systems)

      +

      "Applies a bearing load using discreet forces. Written primarily to apply a bearing load to a model that has been tet meshed where using a pressure gradient would require rebuilding the model."

    • bilinear.mac

      @@ -120,16 +121,16 @@

      Macros

      Macro produces a bode plot using 2 predefined variables in /post26.

    • cbc_rmp5.mac

      -

      -

      cbc_rmp5.mac

      +

      Bill Bulat (CSI)

      +

      Macro for defining a cubic ramp for use w/ ANSYS/LS-Dyna for performing quasi-static explicit analyses.

    • checkiges.mac

      checkiges.mac

    • clean.mac

      -

      -

      clean.mac

      +

      Tom Glade (PACCAR Technical Center)

      +

      "Here's a macro I use to clean up TYPEs, REALs, and MPs."

    • clean_model.mac

      @@ -140,36 +141,59 @@

      Macros

      closeline.mac

    • cmdif.mac

      -

      -

      cmdif.mac

      +

      Eric Miller (PADT)

      +

      "ANSYS has a *get,,common command that lets you grab things from memory. The only problem with this is that you can't just give the *get the name of the block, you need to tell it its position (count) in the block. As an example, the 3rd value listed in a common block is at position 3 (or index 3).

      +

      The way you use a common block is you look in the ansys/custom/include directory for the value you want to know.
      +In this case I did a search for a file that contained "/cplane" and found it in d3com.inc.
      +Looking in the file I found that the value kycpln is what I was looking for and the common block was /d3com/
      +Sometimes you can just count to find out what the index is, but this block is huge and has arrays in it. So instead, I used the macro below.

      +

      I did:

      +

      /cplane,0
      +cmndif,0,'d3com',0
      +/cplane,1
      +cmndif,1,'d3com',0

      +

      And the macro wrote:

      +

      Found: 91 0 1.

      +

      So I would then do: *GET,_cpstat,COMMON,,D3COM,,int,91 to retrieve the value.

      +

      Another example would be if I wanted to know what the global minimum and max number of divisions per line was (DESIZE):

      +

      desize,10,11
      +cmndif,0,'cfprp7',0
      +desize,20,21
      +cmndif,1,'cfprp7',0

      +

      Yields:
      +Found: 99 10 20.
      +Found: 100 11 21.

      +

      For this I would use:
      +*get,_mnlnsz,common,,cfprp7,,int,99
      +*get,_mxlnsz,common,,cfprp7,,int,100"

    • cmf.mac

      cmf.mac

    • cmget.mac

      -

      -

      cmget.mac

      +

      John Crawford (Honeywell)

      +

      "A macro that retrieves the components saved using cmput.mac."

    • cmput.mac

      -

      -

      cmput.mac

      +

      John Crawford (Honeywell)

      +

      "A macro that saves all the currently selected entities in components"

    • cmresu.mac

      -

      -

      cmresu.mac

      +

      Juha Tyllinen (KONE Corporation)

      +

      "Here is a fully vectorized version where you can select the entity type you are saving. The saved component (well, select status) is stored as file with 'cmp' extension and includes two header lines: entity type and number of selected entities. CMSave saves the status and CMResu resumes it from the file."

    • cmreview.mac

      -

      -

      cmreview.mac

      +

      Tom Glade (PACCAR Technical Center)

      +

      Reviews defined components of a specific type (node, element, keypoint, line, area, or volume components).

    • cmsave.mac

      -

      -

      cmsave.mac

      +

      Juha Tyllinen (KONE Corporation)

      +

      "Here is a fully vectorized version where you can select the entity type you are saving. The saved component (well, select status) is stored as file with 'cmp' extension and includes two header lines: entity type and number of selected entities. CMSave saves the status and CMResu resumes it from the file."

    • cnf_freqresp.mac

      -

      -

      cnf_freqresp.mac

      +

      Rick Morgans (Adelaide University)

      +

      Outputs velocities for a single frequency analysis in COMET/Acoustics from an ANSYS harmonic analysis.

    • cnvg_time.mac

      @@ -200,16 +224,17 @@

      Macros

      cpjoins.mac

    • cpquery.mac

      -

      -

      cpquery.mac

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      This macro counts the number of coupled sets associated with the current selected set of nodes.

      +

      If the first argument is 1, then the macro will count the total number of coupled sets if any of its nodes are selected. Otherwise, the coupled set will only be counted if all of its nodes are selected.

    • ctpipe3.mac

      ctpipe3.mac

    • cubic.mac

      -

      -

      cubic.mac

      +

      Bob Weathers (Trane)

      +

      Performs monotonic cubic interpolation in a table.

    • cvctrl.mac

      Chris Kennedy (Think PEAK, Inc.)

      @@ -225,16 +250,16 @@

      Macros

      A modified macro DCONTOU2 by Vincent Raillard changes this to have 2 - 9 uniform contours.

    • dgnr8.mac

      -

      -

      dgnr8.mac

      +

      Eric Miller (PADT)

      +

      "Finds degenerate 2D and 3D elements (i.e., when nodes 3 and 4 are identical), selects them, and then plots them. This works for many cases, such as SOLID45 or PLANE82, etc. Does not work for lower- or higher-order pyramids, but macro can easily be modified for these cases."

    • distcalc.mac

      distcalc.mac

    • distkp2l.mac

      -

      -

      distkp2l.mac

      +

      Wangming Lu (Impact Technologies, LLC)

      +

      "I have developed the following macro: Given a key point level component,and a line number, it will evaluate the distance from each key point in this component to the input line. The result is returned in an array called distk (you can change into your name, of course). While using this, pls. be careful, it is not fully tested yet."

    • distload.mac

      diff --git a/dist/macros/2/index.html b/dist/macros/2/index.html index e0f161c..db1c264 100644 --- a/dist/macros/2/index.html +++ b/dist/macros/2/index.html @@ -100,8 +100,8 @@

      Macros

      DS_MESCO_SelectBodysByMaterial_EN.js

    • dydxi.mac

      -

      -

      dydxi.mac

      +

      Bob Weathers (Trane)

      +

      Calculates first derivative at the ith entry in a table.

    • e72to142.mac

      @@ -120,12 +120,12 @@

      Macros

      efatigue.mac

    • elem2pt.mac

      -

      -

      elem2pt.mac

      +

      S. Evans (University of New South Wales)

      +

      "I made a quick n' dirty macro a while ago for finding the element centroid nearest to a point...it doesn't QUITE solve the problem, since adjacent elements differing greatly in size can screw things up. But here it is anyway...it's a brute-force job (I used it for a couple of thousand elements)."

    • elgroup.mac

      -

      -

      elgroup.mac

      +

      John Crawford (Honeywell)

      +

      "A macro which creates a file of esel commands for the currently selected elements. The macro will prompt the user for the name of the file which will be created. The default name is 'elgroup'."

    • ellipse.mac

      @@ -139,21 +139,17 @@

      Macros

      emf2.mac

    • -

      emtgen.mac

      -

      -

      emtgen.mac

      -

    • engineeringChecker.js

      EngineeringChecker.js

    • ensight.mac

      -

      -

      ensight.mac

      +

      Renato N. Elias (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro)

      +

      This macro can be used to export tetrahedral meshes to EnSight or ParaView. This macro writes out the mesh information to a file called "jobname.geo".

    • erf.mac

      -

      -

      erf.mac

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      +

      This macro creates a table called ERF with error function values.

    • exportBranchAsShortcut.js

      @@ -168,8 +164,8 @@

      Macros

      f3d.mac

    • fclear.mac

      -

      -

      fclear.mac

      +

      Chris Kennedy (Think PEAK, Inc.)

      +

      Fast /CLEAR of ANSYS database.

    • fildel.mac

      @@ -188,8 +184,8 @@

      Macros

      FindPartsWithNoContacts.js

    • fins.mac

      -

      -

      fins.mac

      +

      Mike Rife (CSI)

      +

      This macro is used to create a long cylinder with a radial, helical fin

    • fix.mac

      @@ -228,8 +224,8 @@

      Macros

      getal.mac

    • getdir.mac

      -

      -

      getdir.mac

      +

      Bob Weathers (Trane)

      +

      Returns string with current working directory

    • geten.mac

      @@ -250,6 +246,10 @@

      Macros

      getpathname.mac

      getpathname.mac

      +
    • +

      getreal.mac

      +

      +

      getreal.mac

    • -

      getreal.mac

      -

      -

      getreal.mac

      -

    • getseltol.mac

      getseltol.mac

      @@ -112,8 +108,9 @@

      Macros

      gplt.mac

    • gscontours.mac

      -

      -

      gscontours.mac

      +

      Darrel Hill (University of Saskatchewan)

      +

      Macro (not CMAP file) to create grayscale contours.
      +"I coded this version only for the win32C (X11c) Graphics device. Will not work at all with the default win32 (X11). Contours in contour plots should have 100 shades of grey with the default input. Parameters can be changed in the code to darken, lighten and/or make more/less shades of grey."

    • helix.mac

      @@ -250,6 +247,10 @@

      Macros

      kcor.mac

      kcor.mac

      +
    • +

      kll.mac

      +

      +

      kll.mac

    • -

      p_protec.mac

      -

      -

      p_protec.mac

      -

    • para-2.mac

      para-2.mac

      @@ -224,8 +220,9 @@

      Macros

      setScale.js

    • sfmap.mac

      -

      -

      sfmap.mac

      +

      (CAEAI)

      +

      "This macro is used to map pressure from a CFD mesh onto a structural mesh. The point XYZ locations from the CFD analysis must exist in an array called cfdxyz(npts,3). A corresponding array called "cfdpres" must be exist also. This array contains the pressure values corresponding to the point locations."
      +Useful example of the use of *MOPER,,,MAP.

    • shownres.mac

      @@ -250,6 +247,10 @@

      Macros

      sort2d.mac

      sort2d.mac

      +
    • +

      sorted.mac

      +

      +

      sorted.mac

    • -

      sorted.mac

      -

      -

      sorted.mac

      -

    • sortem.mac

      sortem.mac

      @@ -144,8 +140,8 @@

      Macros

      strplot.mac

    • subcont.mac

      -

      -

      subcont.mac

      +

      Joe Metrisin (Florida Turbine Technologies, Inc.)

      +

      "Attached is a macro I wrote years ago which automates substructuring with contact. Just build the complete model with contact elements included, and create the component names as described in the macro header. The macro puts all the linear elements into a superelement and iterates on the contact elements only."

    • svsel.mac

      @@ -250,6 +246,10 @@

      Macros

      vrange.mac

      vrange.mac

      +
    • +

      vslm_bw.mac

      +

      +

      vslm_bw.mac

    • -

      vslm_bw.mac

      -

      -

      vslm_bw.mac

      -

    • vthick.mac

      vthick.mac

      diff --git a/dist/resources/0/index.html b/dist/resources/0/index.html index 70763eb..6904dbe 100644 --- a/dist/resources/0/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/0/index.html @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@

      Resources

      • *GET/*VGET Sheet

        -

        (PADT)

        +

        (PADT)

        This is a handy sheet with *GET and *VGET items. A user can print this out as a reference sheet when writing APDL macros.

      • 051805_maug_contact_presentation.pdf

        diff --git a/dist/resources/1/index.html b/dist/resources/1/index.html index 3261253..b02d7ab 100644 --- a/dist/resources/1/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/1/index.html @@ -130,8 +130,9 @@

        Resources

        CADFEM05_anker_paper.pdf

      • COMPMENU.zip

        -

        -

        COMPMENU.zip

        +

        Jim Patterson (Hendrickson Trailer Suspension Systems)

        +

        "I have a set of macros to generate toolbars based on the defined components in the db. You can then call these toolbars from the main toolbar to aid in the selecting of the components. This includes "select", "also select", and "unselect". You can also "remake" the components from the toolbar. As someone who works with assemblies of shell models almost constantly, this has been a huge time saver for me."
        +Tested on 5.7 through 6.1. Unzip the file and read the supplied Word document for instructions.

      • Coupling low-order elements to high-order elements in ANSYS

        Aaron Acton

        @@ -173,9 +174,9 @@

        Resources

        EE245.pdf

      • -

        EFS.pdf

        -

        -

        EFS.pdf

        +

        Elastic Foundation Stiffness

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Short explanation of what elastic foundation stiffness (SURF154) is and how to calculate the resulting stiffness for non-planar cases. In Workbench Mechanical, this feature is referred to as an "Elastic Support".

      • EPFL_Tutorial.zip

        @@ -186,8 +187,9 @@

        Resources

        "Ball Grid Array (BGA) is currently the interconnect of choice for attaching microprocessors on a printed circuit board (PCB). The reliability of solder joints is one of the critical issues in BGA surface mount technology (SMT). During reliability testing, BGA fatigue failures were observed on test vehicles (TV). Finite element analysis and physical failure analysis were used to determine the risk to the product in the field. As part of this effort, parametric finite element analysis was carried out to determine the effect of design features like the package size, and BGA pattern on the propensity of fatigue failure. The results of the finite element analysis and physical failure analysis showed that the risk to fatigue failure was much greater on a peripheral / partial grid array package than in a full grid array package."

      • FFTDFT.zip

        -

        -

        FFTDFT.zip

        +

        Juan Carlos Lancha (OHL, S.A.)

        +

        From the author:

        +

        "These small APDL macros perform Fourier transforms (FFT and DFT) of discrete signals. This procedure decomposes a time domain signal into a sum of harmonic (frequency domain) signals. It’s a useful APDL tool when dealing with dynamic and harmonic problems in ANSYS."

      • FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF DAMAGE ACCUMULATION IN BOLTED COMPOSITE JOINTS UNDER INCREMENTAL TENSILE LOADING

        diff --git a/dist/resources/3/index.html b/dist/resources/3/index.html index 3f41ed1..dabe93f 100644 --- a/dist/resources/3/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/3/index.html @@ -226,9 +226,10 @@

        Resources

        STI0706_Acoustic_Postprocessing.zip

      • -

        STI07_CERIG_RBE3_RIGID184.zip

        -

        -

        STI07_CERIG_RBE3_RIGID184.zip

        +

        CERIG vs RBE3, RIGID184 [ZIP]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "Constraint equations provide many useful features in ANSYS, such as tying together dissimilar meshes, representing parts of the system not explicitly modeled, or distributing loads. Two automated methods of generating constraint equations are the CERIG and RBE3 commands. Because there is often confusion over their use, this memo hopes to provide some information on differences between the two methods.
        +"Constraint equations in ANSYS are linear, so they are not valid for large-rotation analyses. RIGID184 is a beta element in version 6.1 which provides rigid link/beam capabilities, valid for large-rotation problems. The latter part of this memo will cover some details of this undocumented feature, available in 6.1."

      • STI07_Lagrange_Multipliers.pdf

        diff --git a/dist/resources/4/index.html b/dist/resources/4/index.html index 11a0e82..1cdbde8 100644 --- a/dist/resources/4/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/4/index.html @@ -111,17 +111,18 @@

        Resources

        Because some users may find it challenging to get started using UPFs, this memo hopes to discuss general issues related to compiling and linking a customized version of ANSYS for Windows and Linux environments."

        (Week 51, week of 02/08/09)

      • -

        STI0902_Contact_Tips.pdf

        +

        Contact Analysis Tips [PDF]

        -

        STI0902_Contact_Tips.pdf

        +

        "Generally speaking, nonlinear analyses involving contact can be quite challenging to solve when the contacting area changes during the load history. However, ANSYS Workbench Simulation has very robust contact technology, along with diagnostic tools that can help the user obtain converged, accurate solutions. This memo hopes to discuss some tips related to contact analyses in hopes of aiding the user who encounters difficulties when solving contact analyses."

      • STI0903_PSD_Postprocessing_2.zip

        -

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        STI0903_PSD_Postprocessing_2.zip

      • STI0904_USERFC.zip

        -

        -

        STI0904_USERFC.zip

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "The FC command provides users with the ability to predict first-ply failure using maximum strain, maximum stress, or Tsai-wu failure criteria. In ANSYS 12.0.1, users can also take advantage of the userfc subroutine to define up to nine different criteria.
        +This memo reviews the userfc subroutine, and a sample implementation of the Hashin criterion is included."

      • STI09_Damping.zip

        @@ -240,9 +241,10 @@

        Resources

        Week_16_Nonlinear_Monitor.pdf

      • -

        Week_17_STI52_TNT_converting_pressures_to_nodal_forces.pdf

        -

        -

        Week_17_STI52_TNT_converting_pressures_to_nodal_forces.pdf

        +

        Converting pressures to nodal forces [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        +

        Tip on converting element pressures to nodal forces. This can be useful for mode superposition methods where LVSCALE may not be suitable.
        +SI_P2F Macro and test input file.

      • Week_19_tip_of_week_restart.pdf

        diff --git a/dist/resources/6/index.html b/dist/resources/6/index.html index 1b251f2..d3f75f4 100644 --- a/dist/resources/6/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/6/index.html @@ -142,12 +142,16 @@

        Resources

        cyclic_symmetry_analysis.pdf

      • dakota.zip

        -

        -

        dakota.zip

        +

        Dave Lindeman (3M)

        +

        "I recently experimented with coupling ANSYS and DAKOTA, and thought the list might be interested in the results. DAKOTA, if you're not familiar with it, is a public-domain optimization code available from Sandia National Laboratories (see http://endo.sandia.gov/DAKOTA/). It has several advanced optimization algorithms (e.g., genetic algorithms), supports discrete variables, and has several other features that make it a nice complement to the optimization and probabilistic design modules within ANSYS. And it's FREE.

        +

        "Anyways, the procedure for using DAKOTA with ANSYS consists of creating a DAKOTA input file (DAKOTA in the attachments) that identifies the design variables, state variables, optimization method, etc. Also, within this file you identify the command to be issued to execute the code you are using to generate the response variables (analysis_driver = 'ansys.prl', in the attached example). To execute ANSYS I use an intermediate Perl script (ansys.prl) that translates the design variable file generated by DAKOTA (parameters_file = 'dakota.dv') into something ANSYS can understand (written out to ansys.dv). The Perl script then executes ANSYS. Note that the Perl script is general purpose -- it should work for any application. The only thing you should need to change is filenames, in particular the name of your ANSYS script (in my example, 'ANSYS'). The ANSYS script reads in the design variable file using /INPUT, performs the analysis, then outputs the result variables to a file (results_file = 'dakota.rv') using *CFOPEN and *VWRITE.

        +

        "To execute the analysis you use (for example) the command line: dakota -i DAKOTA > dakota.log &

        +

        "That's pretty much it. Pretty straightforward once you figure out the DAKOTA input file syntax. The attached example is the simple beam optimization problem used in the ANSYS documentation."

      • demotlbr.zip

        -

        -

        demotlbr.zip

        +

        (PADT)

        +

        "To use this demonstration of the ANSYS toolbar capabilities extract these files to your working directory. You must then copy the tlbrlist61.ans file from the ANSYS installation docu/english/tlbrlist61.ans to your working directory. Add DEMO.TLB to the bottom of the file. Run ANSYS and then move the split bar at the bottom up to show the bottom pane where the demo toolbar is embedded."
        +Example showing how to customize the ANSYS 6.1 Toolbar.

      • diemold2001.pdf

        @@ -170,8 +174,9 @@

        Resources

        effects_of_nonlinear_geometric.pdf

      • elastdata_Unix.zip

        -

        -

        elastdata_Unix.zip

        +

        Hursha Narayan (Robert Bosch Corporation)

        +

        Macro for a fully automated procedure for calculating M-R coefficients from Test Data
        +"I have developed a macro that fully automates the importing of elastomer test data into ANSYS and calculate the Mooney-Rivlin coefficients. The macro uses Lagrange interpolation technique to calculate the stress data at equal intervals of strain. This can then be read into an array in ANSYS to evaluate the M-R coeffs. I'm sending you Windows and Unix version of the macro. The difference between the two versions are in the awk and script files that I use to manipulate data. The user needs to go through all the files just to change the directories where the files will be located and accessed. The files reformat(Unix) and reformat.csh(windows) should have rwx permissions. The reformat.csh used in windows can be converted to a batch file. Awk utility should be available under windows. The procedure expects Simple Tension, Planar Tension and Biaxial Extension data to be available."

      • end02111b_pdf.pdf

        @@ -236,8 +241,12 @@

        Resources

        groothuis.pdf

      • grph2svg.zip

        -

        -

        grph2svg.zip

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        This is a quick hack I did to generate SVG files from within ANSYS. There are 3 macros contained in the zip file: GRPH2SVG.MAC is the main one, and the other two are called by GRPH2SVG.

        +

        The macro redirects the plot to an ANSYS Graphics file "stiplot.grph". Then, the macro parses through the GRPH file and generates an SVG file called "stiplot.svg". You can change the font, font size, etc. as you see fit from within the macro. (For details on the contents of the GRPH file, refer to the ANSYS Programmer's Guide for details.)

        +

        Because this parses the GRPH file from within ANSYS, it is slow for complex plots, so I recommend using it only for XY plots — this is only meant to serve as an example of what can be done with APDL and reading the GRPH file contents. Also, I did not bother including support for raster graphics - this macro only supports vector graphics. (If you want raster graphics, use of PNG is better. SVG is really a vector graphics implementation.)

        +

        If you're running Firefox, or if you use Internet Explorer and have the Adobe SVG Viewer Plug-in, you can see a sample contour plot and sample XY plot generated from this macro.

        +

        Because this was created by hand, there may be mistakes - you can let me know if you encounter any. Otherwise, instead of using this macro, you can create an EPS file and use your favorite illustration software to convert it to an SVG file.

      • harmonic-large-mass-method.pdf

        diff --git a/dist/resources/7/index.html b/dist/resources/7/index.html index d10bc4a..67bd056 100644 --- a/dist/resources/7/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/7/index.html @@ -232,8 +232,8 @@

        Resources

        mrzyg-ziel-3-06.pdf

      • muffler.zip

        -

        -

        muffler.zip

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        This memo provides basic instruction on performing acoustic analyses in Workbench Mechanical 14.0. An example of calculation of transmission loss in a muffler is demonstrated.

      • mutamba2.pdf

        diff --git a/dist/resources/8/index.html b/dist/resources/8/index.html index b7206e4..191363d 100644 --- a/dist/resources/8/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/8/index.html @@ -150,8 +150,8 @@

        Resources

        Simple example of a hollow metal pipe being bent by rollers. Rigid-deformable contact, metal plasticity, use of Joints (MPC184) are in the Workbench Mechanical 12.1 model.

      • siysdcap.zip

        -

        -

        siysdcap.zip

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Tip on visualizing the Drucker-Prager Cap model yield surface.

      • skinner_thesis.pdf

        diff --git a/dist/resources/9/index.html b/dist/resources/9/index.html index cb8a8e7..baa37c6 100644 --- a/dist/resources/9/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/9/index.html @@ -117,17 +117,17 @@

        Resources

        week23-random_vibrations_tow.pdf

      • -

        week24-connecting_models_tow.pdf

        -

        -

        week24-connecting_models_tow.pdf

        +

        Different Methods of Connecting Parts Together [PDF]

        +

        Sean Harvey (CSI)

        +

        Connecting Parts - A study of Continuous Mesh versus Bonded Contact versus Constraint Equations.

      • week25-ETABLE.pdf

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        Short description on the usage and features of element tables in ANSYS.

      • -

        week4-effective_cte.pdf

        -

        -

        week4-effective_cte.pdf

        +

        Calculating effective Coefficient of Thermal Expansion [PDF]

        +

        Bill Bulat (CSI)

        +

        Tips on how to define coefficient of thermal expansion and converting that material data to format that ANSYS can use.

      • week5_Surface_Effect_Elements.pdf

        From dbfaa49923ab34f5f53b8b8b1c24451a31ed770d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: smhrjn Date: Sun, 12 Sep 2021 18:03:02 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 06/13] input and tips done --- _site/_data/examples.json | 16 +- _site/_data/macros.json | 246 +++++++++++------ _site/_data/misc.json | 24 +- _site/_data/resources.json | 475 +++++++++++++++++++------------- dist/examples/1/index.html | 14 +- dist/examples/2/index.html | 8 +- dist/feed/feed.xml | 2 +- dist/index.html | 27 +- dist/macros/0/index.html | 70 ++--- dist/macros/1/index.html | 50 ++-- dist/macros/3/index.html | 36 +-- dist/macros/4/index.html | 81 ++++-- dist/macros/5/index.html | 63 +++-- dist/macros/6/index.html | 67 ++--- dist/macros/7/index.html | 32 ++- dist/miscellaneous/0/index.html | 42 +-- dist/resources/0/index.html | 16 +- dist/resources/1/index.html | 34 +-- dist/resources/2/index.html | 29 +- dist/resources/3/index.html | 269 ++++++++++-------- dist/resources/4/index.html | 153 +++++----- dist/resources/5/index.html | 10 +- dist/resources/6/index.html | 33 +-- dist/resources/7/index.html | 22 +- dist/resources/8/index.html | 53 ++-- dist/resources/9/index.html | 60 ++-- 26 files changed, 1138 insertions(+), 794 deletions(-) diff --git a/_site/_data/examples.json b/_site/_data/examples.json index 0b21ea8..44053cb 100644 --- a/_site/_data/examples.json +++ b/_site/_data/examples.json @@ -228,6 +228,7 @@ }, { "title": "ibeam_188.inp", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/ibeam_188.inp", "description": "Lateral torsional buckling (example of use of WARP DOF for BEAM188/189). For an I-beam, considering WARP DOF (in 5.6) is important (i.e., unrestrained or restrained warping). Consider the I-beam modeled with BEAM188 elements or with SHELL181: \n * BEAM188 (Unrestrained warping) -- 387.3 \n * BEAM188 (Restrained warping) -- 569.6 \n * SHELL181 (concentrated load) -- 560.8 \n * SHELL181 (distributed load) -- 564.1 (similar to beam case) \n \n This input file uses BEAM188." }, @@ -263,8 +264,9 @@ }, { "title": "nip.inp", + "author": "Dave Lindeman (3M)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/nip.inp", - "description": "nip.inp" + "description": "Example analysis of a head/media/roller NIP (structural nonlinear). Shows use of *VWRITE to write out an ABAQUS input deck." }, { "title": "offset.inp", @@ -274,8 +276,9 @@ }, { "title": "outres.inp", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/outres.inp", - "description": "outres.inp" + "description": "This is a simple example of using OUTRES with an array parameter to define at what time points results will be saved. This is useful if you want to control exactly when results will be stored, even with the automatic timestepping algorithm present. " }, { "title": "pipe_pml.inp", @@ -315,8 +318,9 @@ }, { "title": "rigidbody_rotation.inp", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/rigidbody_rotation.inp", - "description": "rigidbody_rotation.inp" + "description": "This is a very simple example of using RBE3 or force-distributed type of surface constraint to track an averaged sense of the rotation or translation of a part within an assembly. By listing the displacements or rotations at the pilot node, one can obtain these quantities. (Remember that rotations are reported in radians, not degrees.)" }, { "title": "rv-ba-mp.inp", @@ -404,8 +408,9 @@ }, { "title": "spring.inp", + "author": "Dave Lindeman (3M)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/spring.inp", - "description": "spring.inp" + "description": "Attached is an input file that sets up and runs an analysis for a variable radius (hyperbolic) compression spring. You should be able to modify it for your needs." }, { "title": "st_ex3.inp", @@ -415,8 +420,9 @@ }, { "title": "surf_traction.inp", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/surf_traction.inp", - "description": "surf_traction.inp" + "description": "Shows surface effect element for traction load application." }, { "title": "therm_cont.inp", diff --git a/_site/_data/macros.json b/_site/_data/macros.json index f53e114..47955d3 100644 --- a/_site/_data/macros.json +++ b/_site/_data/macros.json @@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ }, { "title": "a_filmax.mac", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/a_filmax.mac", "author": "Ernst Hustedt (Air New Zealand Engineering)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/a_filmax.mac", "description": "Calculate maximum possible fillet radius for lines 1 and 2 and store in variable FILMAX." }, { @@ -54,43 +54,51 @@ }, { "title": "acmn.mac", + "author": "Eric Miller (PADT)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/acmn.mac", - "description": "acmn.mac" + "description": "Looks for and then plots and lists any areas shared by two volumes" }, { "title": "acomplot.mac", + "author": "Eric Miller (PADT)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/acomplot.mac", - "description": "acomplot.mac" + "description": "Finds any areas that are shared by the selected set of volumes and plots them. Useful to check VGLUEs" }, { "title": "aext.mac", + "author": "Juha Tyllinen (KONE Corporation)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/aext.mac", - "description": "aext.mac" + "description": "This macro creates an area by 'extruding' line - Similar to ANSYS command VEXT." }, { "title": "aface.mac", + "author": "John Crawford (Honeywell)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/aface.mac", "description": "If you want to use this macro to create areas on the outside skin of tet elements, use the ESURF command to create shell elements on the outside faces of the tets, then select these shell elements and run AFACE.MAC." }, { "title": "aloop.mac", + "author": "Stefano Lucarelli (Mannesmann VDO AG)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/aloop.mac", - "description": "aloop.mac" + "description": "This input file asks for selection of one or more areas and loops until all areas directly or indirectly connected to the original ones are selected then plots them" }, { "title": "alsm.mac", + "author": "John Crawford (Honeywell)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/alsm.mac", - "description": "alsm.mac" + "description": "I ended up writing a macro that selects/reselects/unselects meshed areas, and then copied it and modified it for doing the same with volumes." }, { "title": "anfout.mac", + "author": "John Swanson (SAS, Inc./ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/anfout.mac", - "description": "anfout.mac" + "description": "Macro that traverses the solid model and writes an anf file.\n Posted by Eric Miller (PADT)" }, { "title": "anfout2.mac", + "author": "John Swanson (SAS, Inc./ANSYS, Inc.), slightly modified by John Crawford (Honeywell)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/anfout2.mac", - "description": "Macro that traverses the solid model and writes an anf file." + "description": "Macro that traverses the solid model and writes an anf file. Modified by John Crawford to include not just highest level component (i.e., write both volumes and 'free' areas which are selected)." }, { "title": "anglemod.mac", @@ -118,8 +126,9 @@ }, { "title": "ans2pat.mac", + "author": "Gordon May (Rolls Royce Compressor Key System)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/ans2pat.mac", - "description": "ans2pat.mac" + "description": "ANSYS to Patran 2 Neutral File translator: this macro translates element and nodal data FOR THE CURRENTLY SELECTED SET OF ELEMENTS into Patran 2 Neutral File (PNF) format." }, { "title": "ans2unv.mac", @@ -129,8 +138,9 @@ }, { "title": "ansys2stl.mac", + "author": "Iker Gómez Vázquez (ITP)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/ansys2stl.mac", - "description": "ansys2stl.mac" + "description": "This is a macro to convert an ANSYS structural mesh into an ASCI STL (stereolithography) file.\n\nSince the STL format is based on a triangular surface mesh, this macro selects all external nodes, generates SURF154 elements, then exports these to the STL file.\n\nMacro updated on 03/17/2009." }, { "title": "anvect.mac", @@ -146,13 +156,15 @@ }, { "title": "areacal.mac", + "author": "Carl Ostervig (Tech Inno)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/areacal.mac", - "description": "areacal.mac" + "description": "This macro calculates the number and area for all selected elements." }, { "title": "areatest.mac", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/areatest.mac", - "description": "areatest.mac" + "description": "Tests areas for consistent normals (not needed at 5.6 since /PSYM,ADIR,1 allows plotting of normals). Also, you may need to rename this macro \"ATEST\" or \"NORMALS\" since \"AREAS\" is a status topic command." }, { "title": "arplot.mac", @@ -162,13 +174,15 @@ }, { "title": "aslm_bw.mac", + "author": "Bram Weisman (SBM-IMODCO)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/aslm_bw.mac", - "description": "aslm_bw.mac" + "description": "Based on ALSM macro, created by John Crawford to select/reselect/unselect meshed areas. Written to take advantage of vectors to execute faster. " }, { "title": "aswp.mac", + "author": "Bram Weisman (SBM-IMODCO)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/aswp.mac", - "description": "aswp.mac" + "description": "Divides a picked area with the working plane, retaining the area attributes for the newly-created areas." }, { "title": "attrib_2_Load.js", @@ -193,8 +207,9 @@ }, { "title": "avgtemp.mac", + "author": "David Power (Mallett Technology Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/avgtemp.mac", - "description": "avgtemp.mac" + "description": "\"Get average element temperature for each element from nodal body loads.\nUnfortunately it's pretty slow for large models, and I haven't had any time to restructure it to make it run faster, although I'm sure I could make better use of the array operations.\"" }, { "title": "avsucd.mac", @@ -204,13 +219,15 @@ }, { "title": "axiget.mac", + "author": "Rod Scholl (PADT)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/axiget.mac", - "description": "axiget.mac" + "description": "Selects axi-symmetric elements based upon their keyopts. (PLANE42/82 Only)" }, { "title": "b188to89.mac", + "author": "René Fiege (Jos. L. Meyer GmbH)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/b188to89.mac", - "description": "b188to89.mac" + "description": "\"I attached a little macro to define new BEAM189s on the nodes and properties of the existing 188 elements.\"" }, { "title": "battle.mac", @@ -232,8 +249,9 @@ }, { "title": "beamnet.mac", + "author": "Artem Kulachenko (Mid Sweden University)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/beamnet.mac", - "description": "beamnet.mac" + "description": "Adds beam elements on outer edges of shell elements. From the author:\nAttached please find a macro that creates a net of beam/link elements on 4/3 node shells.\n\nAn example of its use:\n/prep7\net,1,41\nrect,0,1,0,1\namesh,1\net,2,4\nbeamnet,41,2" }, { "title": "beampres.mac", @@ -249,8 +267,9 @@ }, { "title": "bilinear.mac", + "author": "John Swanson (SAS, Inc./ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/bilinear.mac", - "description": "bilinear.mac" + "description": "Used when specifying a material which has different tensile and compressive moduli. A test input file is also available." }, { "title": "bode01.mac", @@ -266,8 +285,9 @@ }, { "title": "checkiges.mac", + "author": "Julián Díaz (ITR México)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/checkiges.mac", - "description": "checkiges.mac" + "description": "\"This is a very simple macro, but I've found it very useful when I have an iges file with common errors of duplicate geometry and small lines. All it does is look for lines smaller that .1 inches and plots them along with the attached areas, this can be useful to have a glipse of where could the problems be.\"" }, { "title": "clean.mac", @@ -277,13 +297,15 @@ }, { "title": "clean_model.mac", + "author": "René Fiege (Meyer Werft GmbH)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/clean_model.mac", - "description": "clean_model.mac" + "description": "\"The macro deletes not used attributes (real, mat, type, section), similar to the clean macro from Tom Glade, but with vector operations. It can easily be enlarged to document the used attributes (see macro).\n\"Do not use the macro with referencing attributes, like tapered beams. All attributes, which are not an attribute of an element will be deleted.\"" }, { "title": "closeline.mac", + "author": "Ernst Hustedt (Air New Zealand Engineering)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/closeline.mac", - "description": "closeline.mac" + "description": "The macro selects those lines that surround a picked point, or those lines that are exterior, depending on the case. Try the attached igs file and pick completely outside, inside but close to an outer line, inside outer loop but close to an inner line etc. and see what happens.\"\n\n\"Extending it to 3-D should be possible by starting with the WP aligned with the screen csys or so.\"" }, { "title": "cmdif.mac", @@ -293,8 +315,9 @@ }, { "title": "cmf.mac", + "author": "Ernst Hustedt (Air New Zealand Engineering)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/cmf.mac", - "description": "cmf.mac" + "description": "Make a compound fillet at two straight lines." }, { "title": "cmget.mac", @@ -334,8 +357,9 @@ }, { "title": "cnvg_time.mac", + "author": "Mitch Voehl (CEC Corp)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/cnvg_time.mac", - "description": "cnvg_time.mac" + "description": "Macro to get last converged substep." }, { "title": "coil_emf.mac", @@ -344,18 +368,21 @@ }, { "title": "compten.mac", + "author": "Carl Ostervig (Tech Inno)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/compten.mac", - "description": "compten.mac" + "description": "This macro analysis iteratively structures with different material properties (Youngs modulus) in tension and compression. [STI: Please note that this macro looks at SX and SY. See BILINEAR macro for a more general compression/tension macro based on principal stresses.]" }, { "title": "conts2s.mac", + "author": "G. N. S. Prakash ", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/conts2s.mac", - "description": "conts2s.mac" + "description": "\"'conts2s.mac' macro creates surface to surface contact elements between nodal components with the default options. Only nodal components(target & contact), material number and coefficient of friction can be given as arguments. Use Contact wizard or your custom code to modify other properties. This macro is helpful when number of components in Ansys models are large or sometimes when the Contact wizard becomes slow with large db files and if we need to create a lot of contact pairs.\"" }, { "title": "coupcoin.mac", + "author": "Alex Komissarov (GEAE)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/coupcoin.mac", - "description": "coupcoin.mac" + "description": "A macro used to couple DOF of nodes in a given cylindrical coordinate system within a specified tolerance." }, { "title": "couple_dof.mac", @@ -675,8 +702,9 @@ }, { "title": "helix.mac", + "author": "Don Shaffer (Siemens Westinghouse Power Corp)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/helix.mac", - "description": "helix.mac" + "description": "\"Here is a helix macro worked up from some xansys discussions several years ago. Several others on the list contributed parts of this.\"" }, { "title": "helix2.mac", @@ -700,13 +728,15 @@ }, { "title": "hsarea.mac", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/hsarea.mac", - "description": "hsarea.mac" + "description": "Macro to get 'hotspot' of selected areas. Puts (x,y,z) and area numbers in an array, which can be used for selection, etc. of areas via APDL.\n\n Note that while the 'hotspot' of areas should be the centroid, the actual hotspot slightly differs from this. Consequently, no ASUM/GSUM is required, and that is why an undocumented *VGET is used for obtaining hotspot locations." }, { "title": "hsvolu.mac", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/hsvolu.mac", - "description": "hsvolu.mac" + "description": "Macro to get 'hotspot' of selected volumes. Puts (x,y,z) and volume numbers in an array, which can be used for selection, etc. of volumes via APDL.\n\n Note that while the 'hotspot' of volumes should be the centroid, the actual hotspot slightly differs from this. Consequently, no VSUM/GSUM is required, and that is why an undocumented *VGET is used for obtaining hotspot locations." }, { "title": "im1.mac", @@ -725,8 +755,9 @@ }, { "title": "im21.mac", + "author": "(IDAC)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/im21.mac", - "description": "im21.mac" + "description": "IM21 is a general utility that is used to obtain maximum numbers of all entities, with the option to merge and/or compress entity numbers before. This is useful when creating entity generation macros that work on an existing model." }, { "title": "im26.mac", @@ -775,8 +806,9 @@ }, { "title": "im82.mac", + "author": "(IDAC)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/im82.mac", - "description": "im82.mac" + "description": "\"A macro that avoids the need for repetitive work when creating areas from many closed loops of Line geometry in ANSYS. This is particularly useful when the analyst has been supplied Line geometry containing many closed loops via CAD or has created closed loops that need to be converted to Areas for element meshing purposes.\"" }, { "title": "im9.mac", @@ -815,13 +847,15 @@ }, { "title": "jobname.mac", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/jobname.mac", - "description": "jobname.mac" + "description": "Gets jobname, title, subtitle and puts in arrays" }, { "title": "js_curvewrite.mac", + "author": "Jeff Strain (PADT", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/js_curvewrite.mac", - "description": "js_curvewrite.mac" + "description": "\"A macro to write output PSD data at selected nodes with the number of selected nodes varying with each run. I did the \"write a macro from a macro\" thing and took advantage of two fairly recently added capabilities: C formatting in *VWRITE and string arrays, mainly for the 128 character capability.\n\n\"My macro creates a character array called p (I needed to conserve characters). The top row of the array starting at the second column contains selected node numbers. The second row starting at the second column contains GRMS values at each node. Starting in the third row, the first column is filled with frequency breakpoints; the second column over contains output PSD data for each of the selected nodes.\"\n\nThis can be used as an example of writing output to a file." }, { "title": "justmeshit.mac", @@ -830,8 +864,9 @@ }, { "title": "jwasel.mac", + "author": "Joe Woodward (PADT)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/jwasel.mac", - "description": "jwasel.mac" + "description": " This macro allows you to select the 'inside' surface of a volume, in case your volume has a 'void' inside of it." }, { "title": "kbfocus.mac", @@ -856,18 +891,27 @@ }, { "title": "l_nlist.mac", + "author": "Chris Bridge (2H Offshore Engineering Ltd)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/l_nlist.mac", - "description": "l_nlist.mac" + "description": "A macro to list selected nodes but in a specified format without repeated header information." }, { "title": "lcolor.mac", + "author": "Jimmy Carlsson (AF Group)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/lcolor.mac", - "description": "lcolor.mac" + "description": "This macro colors lines as follows:\n\n Red: Line connected only to one of selected areas\nYellow: Line connected to two of the selected areas\n Blue: Line connected to three or more selected areas\nMagenta: Line is not connected to any of the selected areas" }, { "title": "listtype.mac", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/listtype.mac", - "description": "listtype.mac" + "description": "Macro used to list all unique combinations of element type, real constant, section type, and material properties of currently selected elements. Useful, for example, when importing mesh from Workbench or other software into ANSYS and confirming settings." + }, + { + "title": "listcm.mac", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/listcm.mac", + "description": "At 7.0, the CMLIST command only lists selected components rather than all existing components in the database (pre-7.0 behavior). This macro provides a listing of all components in the database, regardless of their selection status. May be useful to get pre-7.0 behavior of CMLIST" }, { "title": "lproj.mac", @@ -881,13 +925,15 @@ }, { "title": "lstdbdoc.mac", + "author": "Chris Kennedy (Think PEAK, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/lstdbdoc.mac", - "description": "lstdbdoc.mac" + "description": "This macro finds all :LBL constructs in the database. A :LBL can be any valid Ansys characters following a colon \":\". Therefore you can have different labels for different aspects of your model, such as :MAT for material info, :REAL for real constant information, :INFO for general notes about the analysis, etc. Labels can be repeated." }, { "title": "m55to54.mac", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/m55to54.mac", - "description": "m55to54.mac" + "description": "Converts 5.5 CDB file to 5.4 format (for backwards compatibility)." }, { "title": "makemesh.mac", @@ -896,8 +942,9 @@ }, { "title": "mapme.mac", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/mapme.mac", - "description": "mapme.mac" + "description": "General macro used to map one set of values & (x,y,z) coordinates to another. Uses *MOPER,,,MAP.\n\nExample input file can be found here which uses this macro. In this input example, *VPUT is used to compare mapping UX, UY, and UZ from one mesh to another. This can be used to map pressures, heat flux, convection, etc. from CFD codes to ANSYS, for example." }, { "title": "massprop.mac", @@ -911,8 +958,9 @@ }, { "title": "mg.mac", + "author": "John Crawford (Honeywell)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/mg.mac", - "description": "mg.mac" + "description": "Zooms in, out or autoscales images then does a replot\n\"When I want to zoom in by a factor of two I enter MG,2. If I want to zoom out I enter something like MG,.1. If I want to autoscale I just enter MG. It replots the last display, which is usually what I want to do anyway.\"" }, { "title": "midstres.mac", @@ -926,8 +974,9 @@ }, { "title": "mk_mwrite.mac", + "author": "Matt Sutton (PADT, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/mk_mwrite.mac", - "description": "mk_mwrite.mac" + "description": "This is a macro to write out arrays of user-specified width. Usually, when writing a macro, one has to specify the format of *MWRITE beforehand. This is a technique of a macro writing a macro for formatting purposes.\n\nThe history of this is from XANSYS on the following post (search for \"mk_mwrite\")." }, { "title": "mkweb.mac", @@ -997,13 +1046,15 @@ }, { "title": "nas2ans.mac", + "author": "Diego Gorriz (Skycross Engineers)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/nas2ans.mac", - "description": "nas2ans.mac" + "description": "Example of a macro to convert Nastran input to ANSYS input. Works on shells only, so it should be used as an example." }, { "title": "nastexp.mac", + "author": "Barry O'Donnell (ODCS Ltd.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/nastexp.mac", - "description": "nastexp.mac" + "description": "\"The macro uses logic (primariliy extracted from a previously published macro) to identify the unique combinations of ETYPE, REAL and MAT for non-section based elements and ETYPE, SECTYPE and MAT for secrion based elements. It then gathers the relevant data into arrays (primarily vector based arrays), and outputs the following NASTRAN cards:\n\n CONM2 (mass21 element)\nPSHELL (based on real data only, i.e. shell63)\nCTRIA3 (shell63 degenerate elements recognised)\nCQUAD4 (shell63 elements)\nPBAR (beam4 element or beam188 element, A/Iyy/Izz supported)\nCBAR (beam4 element or beam188 element, orientation node exported if it exists and default vector of <0 1 0> exported otherwise)\n CELAS2 (combin14, spring option, linear 2 node version only)\nPROD (link180 element, A supported)\nCROD (link180 element)\nPSOLID (solid element property definition card, fully supported)\nCHEXA (solid 185 and solid 45 fully supported, solid 186 & solid 95 not working correctly)\nCPENTA (solid 185/45/186/95 fully supported, degenerate elements recognised)\nCTETRA (solid 185/45/186/95 & solid 186 & 95 fully supported)\nGRID (nodal coordinates, note: nodal csys = 0) MAT1 (E, nu, dens supported - non temp dependent, initial value supported only)\"" }, { "title": "ndgroup.mac", @@ -1012,8 +1063,9 @@ }, { "title": "ndgroup2.mac", + "author": "Joe Woodward (PADT)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/ndgroup2.mac", - "description": "ndgroup2.mac" + "description": "\"A macro which creates a macro of nsel commands for the currently selected nodes. this group of nodes can be recovered by running the macro that this macro creates. The macro will prompt the user for the name of the file which will be created. The default name is 'ndgroup.mac'.\"\nOriginal macro by John Crawford, vectorized by Joe Woodward." }, { "title": "nfixdel.mac", @@ -1037,8 +1089,9 @@ }, { "title": "p_dirlbl.mac", + "author": "Chris Kennedy (Think PEAK, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/p_dirlbl.mac", - "description": "p_dirlbl.mac" + "description": "From the author:\nYou can use the attached macro. This is supplied without warranty, etc.\nIt places the directory, date, time, hostname at the top of the graphics window.... There are additional args that can also extract and post the jobname. Read the macro (at least the top of it.)\n P_LOGO2 is a macro that places my company logo on the screen. You can remove that command.... unless you want it! :-)" }, { "title": "p_nlist.mac", @@ -1047,8 +1100,9 @@ }, { "title": "p_protec.mac", + "author": "Chris Kennedy (Think PEAK, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/p_protec.mac", - "description": "p_protec.mac" + "description": "Used as a \"wrapper\" for SAVE and RESUME in Toolbar, so one doesn't inadvertantly overwrite stuff in memory." }, { "title": "para-2.mac", @@ -1067,8 +1121,9 @@ }, { "title": "plot_tag.mac", + "author": "Mark Tate (Hamilton Sundstrand)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/plot_tag.mac", - "description": "plot_tag.mac" + "description": "This macro will tag your plots with directory and jobname." }, { "title": "plrv.mac", @@ -1107,8 +1162,9 @@ }, { "title": "qclear.mac", + "author": "Rod Scholl (PADT)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/qclear.mac", - "description": "qclear.mac" + "description": "Does a /CLEAR without prompting the user for an OK" }, { "title": "qzmulti.mac", @@ -1122,8 +1178,9 @@ }, { "title": "randseed.mac", + "author": "Stefan Reh (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/randseed.mac", - "description": "randseed.mac" + "description": "\"All random number generators are only pseudo-random number generators. They use what is called a \"seed\" value to calculate a random number. The result is only pseudo-random because with the same seed value you will always end up with the same \"random\" number. So whenever you start ANSYS it initializes the seed value. If you start generating random numbers then you will always get the same sequence of \"random\" numbers. The solution to this problem is to randomize the seed value itself using the system-time. Enclosed is the macro \"randseed\" that will exactly do that. You will get \"real\" random numbers after you run \"randseed\". You might want to run this macro every time before you start with your random number generation. You can also include the macro in your \"start.ans\" procedure so it will be executed each time you start ANSYS.\"\nIt effectively randomizes the seed by executing the RAND an arbitrary number of times." }, { "title": "rcs2ics.mac", @@ -1142,8 +1199,9 @@ }, { "title": "reassign.mac", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/reassign.mac", - "description": "reassign.mac" + "description": "Example of reassigning matrix scratch files to another directory. For this example, I also differentiate between the platform type when specifying a scratch directory since Windows and UNIX file systems are assigned differently.\nRequires jobname macro." }, { "title": "reformat.mac", @@ -1152,8 +1210,9 @@ }, { "title": "renam.mac", + "author": "John Swanson (SAS, Inc./ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/renam.mac", - "description": "renam.mac" + "description": "Renames files in working directory. For example, using \"renam,'tif',_1\" renames all TIF files in working directory and adds prefix \"_1\". Useful to rename graphics files. (Note: At 5.6.1, the undocumented command /DIRGET which this macro uses does not work on Windows and will result in an abort.)" }, { "title": "rfor_total.mac", @@ -1167,8 +1226,9 @@ }, { "title": "round.mac", + "author": "Gordon May (Rolls Royce Compressor Key System)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/round.mac", - "description": "round.mac" + "description": "Macro to round a parameter to a specified number of digits." }, { "title": "rparea.mac", @@ -1177,8 +1237,9 @@ }, { "title": "sasel.mac", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/sasel.mac", - "description": "sasel.mac" + "description": "Macro used to select areas based on the value of the area itself (=length^2). Can be used to select all areas of a certain surface area or a range of surface area (with tolerance)." }, { "title": "scopy.mac", @@ -1187,13 +1248,15 @@ }, { "title": "select_hexpyra.mac", + "author": "SELECT_HEXPYRA", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/select_hexpyra.mac", - "description": "select_hexpyra.mac" + "description": "Simple example to unselect tetrahedral and wedge-shaped SOLID164 degenerate elements, leaving only hexahedral and pyramid SOLID164 selected.\n\nWhile this macro has limited usefulness by itself, it can be used as an example of selecting certain element shapes by nodal connectivity - very useful if you have a single element type but multiple degenerate element shapes and want to differentiate between them in your model." }, { "title": "selloc.mac", + "author": "Don Shaffer (Siemens Westinghouse Power Corp)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/selloc.mac", - "description": "selloc.mac" + "description": "\"This is a utility tool to speed up selection of model entities by location.\" Please read the comments in the macro file for more details on usage." }, { "title": "seqv_max.mac", @@ -1223,8 +1286,9 @@ }, { "title": "siresume.mac", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/siresume.mac", - "description": "siresume.mac" + "description": "Use this for the RESUM_DB abbreviation in the Toolbar to prevent accidental resuming (which clears contents of current database). This macro will not prompt user for confirmation is database is blank. Otherwise, it will prompt user to verify that he/she wants to resume." }, { "title": "skin.mac", @@ -1238,23 +1302,27 @@ }, { "title": "slicepln.mac", + "author": "Don Shaffer (Siemens Westinghouse Power Corp)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/slicepln.mac", - "description": "slicepln.mac" + "description": "\"This macro moves the working plane origin to the specified keypoint and orients it with wz normal to the specified cartesian axis with x=1,y=2 and z=3.\"" }, { "title": "sort2d.mac", + "author": "Ashok K. (EACoE, Bangalore)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/sort2d.mac", - "description": "sort2d.mac" + "description": "Ansys macro to sort a given numeric array (2d)\n\nI usually get all the nodal coordinates into an array (call it NodeInfo) with node numbers in col 1; X,Y and Z coords in columns 2, 3 and 4 respectively.\n\nThen lets say I want to sort by the Z- coord followed by the X-coord and then the Y-coord I call the macro\n\nsort_by_cols, 'NodeInfo', 4,2,3\n\nThe tolerance is something which you may or may not need. Depends on your application. If you just want to compare upto full decimal accuracy leave the tolerance value at zero." }, { "title": "sorted.mac", + "author": "Gordon May (Rolls Royce Compressor Key System)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/sorted.mac", - "description": "sorted.mac" + "description": "Example of sorting arrays using *MOPER." }, { "title": "sortem.mac", + "author": "Rick Fischer (Marconi Communications", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/sortem.mac", - "description": "sortem.mac" + "description": "Another similar example of sorting arrays using *MOPER." }, { "title": "sorter.mac", @@ -1263,8 +1331,9 @@ }, { "title": "spider.mac", + "author": "Marco Perucchi (Delta JS AG)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/spider.mac", - "description": "spider.mac" + "description": "\"I have a macro that might be useful for you. It creates spider webs between 1 center and a group of surrounding nodes. Before starting the macro you have to collect the center node in one component and the group of surrounding nodes in another component. If you are able to do that with your model you should be able to create the link elements without problems.\"" }, { "title": "spider2.mac", @@ -1298,8 +1367,9 @@ }, { "title": "stiicemflotran.mac", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/stiicemflotran.mac", - "description": "stiicemflotran.mac" + "description": "MESH200 supports a 4-node tetrahedral option (KEYOPT(1)=8), but the node numbering is different from a degenerate 8-node tetrahedral element, such as FLUID142.\nIf a user exports a lower-order tetrahedral mesh using MESH200, conversion to an actual element, such as FLUID142, may be required. Use of this macro allows a user to perform this relatively easily (it is customized to convert 4-node MESH200 tetrahedral elements to Flotran FLUID142 tetrahedral elements, although the user can modify the macro to suit his/her needs)." }, { "title": "strne.mac", @@ -1319,8 +1389,9 @@ }, { "title": "svsel.mac", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/svsel.mac", - "description": "svsel.mac" + "description": "Macro used to select solids based on the value of the volume itself (=length^3). Can be used to select all volumes of a certain value or a range of values (with tolerance)." }, { "title": "swp.mac", @@ -1334,33 +1405,39 @@ }, { "title": "tchkplot.mac", + "author": "Sung-Chul Lee (Engineering Systems & Consulting, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/tchkplot.mac", - "description": "tchkplot.mac" + "description": " Macro to create shell thickness plot into 8-color contour band by respecifying element color properties." }, { "title": "text_unix.mac", + "author": "John Swanson (SAS, Inc./ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/text_unix.mac", - "description": "text_unix.mac" + "description": "This macro launches a text editor and creates a file called \"jobname.inp\" in the current working directory." }, { "title": "thickplt.mac", + "author": "Bram Weisman (SBM-IMODCO)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/thickplt.mac", - "description": "thickplt.mac" + "description": "\"Plots shell element thickness by utilizing surface pressures. I recommend plotting nodes with a contour or outline plot of pressure for best results. Element plot can also be used, but pressure colors will conflict with element colors.\"" }, { "title": "thicplot.mac", + "author": "Bill Newland (Bell Helicopter)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/thicplot.mac", - "description": "thicplot.mac" + "description": "\"This macro assigns pressures based on real constant thickness values of shell elements. The shell elements are then plotted with pressure contours having the same values as the thicknesses.\"\n\"Select the desired shell elements to be plotted before running macro. After running macro, DO NOT SAVE. Exit without saving as erronious pressures will be applied to model.\"" }, { "title": "thread.mac", + "author": "Ernst Hustedt (Air New Zealand Engineering)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/thread.mac", - "description": "thread.mac" + "description": "\"For what it's worth, here is a macro I made some years ago ('94) for doing thread profiles for axisym analysis. Looking at it now, I am not sure if the UN thread option works correctly, I can't remember that I actually used it, but the ISO should be O.K. You can spin the profile along Don's helix.\"" }, { "title": "togif.mac", + "author": "Charles Wong (Goodrich Corporation)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/togif.mac", - "description": "togif.mac" + "description": "\"I have a macro that creates small high resolution GIF files for Windows only. It calls out a shareware program pvw32con.exe. GIF's are much smaller and higher quality than tiff or jpeg.\"" }, { "title": "trim1.mac", @@ -1394,8 +1471,9 @@ }, { "title": "v2comet.mac", + "author": "Fern Thomassy (Southwest Research Institute)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/v2comet.mac", - "description": "v2comet.mac" + "description": " Creates a COMET/Acoustics results file of velocity results." }, { "title": "v2glue.mac", @@ -1419,13 +1497,15 @@ }, { "title": "vget_subs.mac", + "author": "Kiran Sreeram (GE Power Systems)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/vget_subs.mac", - "description": "vget_subs.mac" + "description": "\"This macro stores the information requested by the user for a selected set of nodes or elements in an array called RESULT_COMP. This information can be any thing that is in the command *vget,for nodes & elements. The reason for this macro is that when using *vget the node or elem numbers must be sequential, in order to get any information. This macro deals with that i.e. by using *vmask, one can always do this manually, however this macro is helpful when needed to use regularly.\n\nThis macro also creates a txt file for the requested information.\"" }, { "title": "viewface.mac", + "author": "Tim Atchison (IDAC)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/viewface.mac", - "description": "viewface.mac" + "description": "\"This ANSYS macro orientates your model to view a selected geometry face parallel to the screen. This is a must for analysts who regularly need to instantly orientate models to positions other than the standard views allowed. Simply click the face you want to view.\"" }, { "title": "vlsm.mac", @@ -1444,8 +1524,9 @@ }, { "title": "vrange.mac", + "author": "Mitch Voehl (CEC Corporation)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/vrange.mac", - "description": "vrange.mac" + "description": "Macro which creates a mask vector for array values which fall between specified minimuim and maximum values. Will also return parameters containing the index location of the first and last array elements meeting the criteria, as well as the number of array elements which meet the criteria." }, { "title": "vslm_bw.mac", @@ -1454,8 +1535,9 @@ }, { "title": "vthick.mac", + "author": "Rick Fischer (Marconi Communications)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/vthick.mac", - "description": "vthick.mac" + "description": "\"This macro sets variable shell thickness based on thicknesses at corners of a surface. Only problem is that the attributes are being applied as a real constant. But, rthick creates r cards, one for each element, with real numbers the same as the argument. This could overwrite the reals used for the attributes, depending on how the model is numbered.\"" }, { "title": "wfmin107.mac", @@ -1464,8 +1546,9 @@ }, { "title": "writearr.mac", + "author": "Carl Olsard (noiseboard.com)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/writearr.mac", - "description": "writearr.mac" + "description": "\"One command that is severely lacking from ANSYS is a simple way to export a matrix to a file, so that it can be imported into MATLAB. This script writearr.mac should be used with the companion MATLAB script readansysarray.m to export a matrix from ANSYS and import the array into MATLAB. At the moment the script is written to export 2D arrays of MxN (don't need to specify the dimensions). The output file contains the data i,j,data(i,j) where i and j are the array indices. The usage of the macro is:\nwritearr,'array','filename','ext'\"\n\nHere is the companion MATLAB script:\nREADANSYSARRAY\n\n\"This is the second part of the script, which uses the file exported by writearr.mac. This matlab script will import the file, and reshape the matrix into the correct format. The function is used as follows:\n1. load the file into MATLAB: load press.txt\n 2. convert the matrix into the correct format: press2=readansysarray(press);\"" }, { "title": "x_bcslope.mac", @@ -1479,8 +1562,9 @@ }, { "title": "x_demo_vread.mac", + "author": "Shen-Yeh Chen (Honeywell)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/x_demo_vread.mac", - "description": "x_demo_vread.mac" + "description": "\"This macro will demonstrate how to read in a matrix ZREAD(ZNNODE,3) in one *VREAD command. The macro will get coordianates from the current model first, write them into the file x_demo_vread.tmp, and read the data from the file\"" }, { "title": "x_esum.mac", @@ -1499,8 +1583,9 @@ }, { "title": "x_shl2sld.mac", + "author": "Shen-Yeh Chen (Honeywell)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/x_shl2sld.mac", - "description": "x_shl2sld.mac" + "description": "\"This macro will sweep the currently selected or assigned SHELL elements into SOLID elements.\"" }, { "title": "x_th2st.mac", @@ -1509,7 +1594,8 @@ }, { "title": "yzcurv.mac", + "author": "Bill Bulat (OMM)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/yzcurv.mac", - "description": "yzcurv.mac" + "description": "\"Here's something I used recently (NOT FULLY TESTED!!). Edit as needed to obtain curvature in other global planes (I wrote this to obtain curvature in global yz plane - a symmetry plane in a half symmetry model I recently created). Also reports the average radius of curvature if you're inclined to ignore the speed control bumps. My intention was to make this applicable to arbitrarily large deformations.\"" } ] diff --git a/_site/_data/misc.json b/_site/_data/misc.json index 4794fbb..3611e5a 100644 --- a/_site/_data/misc.json +++ b/_site/_data/misc.json @@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ "description": "ANS-history.txt" }, { - "title": "aPDL.syn", + "title": "apdl.syn", + "author": "Bob Weathers (Trane)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/APDL.syn", "description": "APDL.syn" }, @@ -23,8 +24,9 @@ }, { "title": "circle.grn", + "author": "John Crawford (Honeywell)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/circle.grn", - "description": "circle.grn" + "description": "A UIDL function (granule file) to create circles by picking. To change the menu put the following in a menu granule:\n:!\n:N Men_CIRC\n:S 0, 0, 0\n:T Menu\n:A Circles\n:D Circles\nFnc_CIRCLEWP\nFnc_CIRCLEKP\n:E END\n:! " }, { "title": "cmap_ansys_viridis.cmap", @@ -46,18 +48,21 @@ }, { "title": "importJPEG1.bas", + "author": "Mark Tate (Hamilton Sundstrand)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/importJPEG1.bas", - "description": "importJPEG1.bas" + "description": "\"Here is a Word Macro that I hacked together a while back that copies a group of graphic files into Word, two per page, with figure numbers. You can change the extension from jpg to png. It looks for files with a root name and add numbers to form the full name, i.e. root001.jpg, root002.jpg, etc.\"" }, { "title": "importJPEG2.bas", + "author": "Gary Betts (Metso Minerals Ltd)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/importJPEG2.bas", - "description": "importJPEG2.bas" + "description": "\"Here is a macro for MS Word that will count and import all the jpegs in a defined folder into Word.\"" }, { "title": "importPPT.bas", + "author": "Mark Tate (Hamilton Sundstrand)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/importPPT.bas", - "description": "importPPT.bas" + "description": "A visual basic PowerPoint macro to import JPEG files into PowerPoint, one image per slide. Edit the file in a text editor to change variables or directory locations, etc." }, { "title": "importpara.tcl", @@ -121,18 +126,21 @@ }, { "title": "silicon.mat", + "author": "Steve Groothuis (Micron Technology, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/silicon.mat", - "description": "silicon.mat" + "description": "Although strictly not an input file, the \"silicon.mat\" file contains temp-dependent properties of silicon. See this email from S. Groothuis for more informaiton." }, { "title": "tempdele.bat", + "author": "Bram Weisman (SBM-IMODCO)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/tempdele.bat", - "description": "tempdele.bat" + "description": "\"Caution: This batch file is very powerful. It searches the current folder and all subfolders for known ANSYS temporary files and deletes them without sending them to the recycle bin. Therefore I would recommend that you do not execute this in the root folder of any drive which has program files. It would be O.K. to execute this one folder down in a folder where you keep your ANSYS project files. Also, you should familiarize your with the list of file extensions which this batch files deletes and be sure you agree with it. Do not run this in an ANSYS folder if you plan to do any RESTART from existing results files.\"" }, { "title": "userelement.tar", + "author": "Roger Young (Industrial Research Ltd.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/userelement.tar", - "description": "userelement.tar" + "description": "\"This package contains a number of examples of the Ansys user element which may be further adapted for personal use. The examples given here are for a 4-node planar element USER101 with linear shape functions similar to the Ansys element PLANE42. However USER101 may easily be extended to a 3D 8-node element and/or to quadratic shape functions by changing the specifications in lib/PAR.NML. In addition there is a simple extension to general large strain non-linear deformation which is illustrated in uel3/ex2.\"" }, { "title": "wirebond", diff --git a/_site/_data/resources.json b/_site/_data/resources.json index 1b59ed3..fa37107 100644 --- a/_site/_data/resources.json +++ b/_site/_data/resources.json @@ -6,9 +6,10 @@ "description": "This is a handy sheet with *GET and *VGET items. A user can print this out as a reference sheet when writing APDL macros." }, { - "title": "051805_maug_contact_presentation.pdf", + "title": "Techniques for Successfully Using ANSYS Contact Elements", + "author": "Rich Bothmann", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/051805_maug_contact_presentation.pdf", - "description": "051805_maug_contact_presentation.pdf" + "description": "Presentation from the Midwest ANSYS User Group\n[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 9.0]" }, { "title": "051805_maug_topology_optimization_presentation.pdf", @@ -180,9 +181,10 @@ "description": "ANSYS_University_Support_Program.pdf" }, { - "title": "ANSYS_Users_Group_Hyperelastic_Materials.pdf", + "title": "Analyzing Hyperelastic Materials w/ Some Practical Considerations", + "author": "Paris Altidis and Vince Adams", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/ANSYS_Users_Group_Hyperelastic_Materials.pdf", - "description": "ANSYS_Users_Group_Hyperelastic_Materials.pdf" + "description": "Presentation from the Midwest ANSYS User Group\n[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]" }, { "title": "ANSYS_distributed_tutorial_8.1.zip", @@ -192,7 +194,7 @@ }, { "title": "APDL Coding Standards [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.) ", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/STI05_APDL_Coding_Standards.pdf", "description": "\"Because of the flexibility and automation APDL (ANSYS Parametric Design Language) provides, many users tend to write input files and macros in addition to using the GUI.\nThere are currently no recognized ‘standards’ of writing APDL macros or input files, although there may exist standards within companies on APDL coding. The lack of APDL coding standards may make inheriting someone else’s input files or macros more difficult. Also, parameter or component conflicts may also arise when using multiple macros.\nThis memo hopes to provide some ideas for groups or individuals wishing to develop APDL standards in writing macros or input files.\"" }, @@ -234,7 +236,7 @@ }, { "title": "Basics of ANSYS Macros [PDF]", - "author": "David Haberman (CSI) ", + "author": "David Haberman (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/week_28_totw-macros.pdf", "description": "Basics of creating and using macros (APDL) in ANSYS." }, @@ -245,7 +247,7 @@ }, { "title": "Building Parametric Models [PDF]", - "author": "David Haberman (CSI) ", + "author": "David Haberman (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/Week_22_totw-parametric-model.pdf", "description": "This memo provides an overview of APDL, defining parameters, and creating parametric models." }, @@ -256,9 +258,9 @@ }, { "title": "COMPMENU.zip", - "author": " Jim Patterson (Hendrickson Trailer Suspension Systems) ", + "author": "Jim Patterson (Hendrickson Trailer Suspension Systems)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/COMPMENU.zip", - "description": "\"I have a set of macros to generate toolbars based on the defined components in the db. You can then call these toolbars from the main toolbar to aid in the selecting of the components. This includes \"select\", \"also select\", and \"unselect\". You can also \"remake\" the components from the toolbar. As someone who works with assemblies of shell models almost constantly, this has been a huge time saver for me.\"\n Tested on 5.7 through 6.1. Unzip the file and read the supplied Word document for instructions." + "description": "\"I have a set of macros to generate toolbars based on the defined components in the db. You can then call these toolbars from the main toolbar to aid in the selecting of the components. This includes \"select\", \"also select\", and \"unselect\". You can also \"remake\"the components from the toolbar. As someone who works with assemblies of shell models almost constantly, this has been a huge time saver for me.\"\n Tested on 5.7 through 6.1. Unzip the file and read the supplied Word document for instructions." }, { "title": "Coupling low-order elements to high-order elements in ANSYS", @@ -280,7 +282,7 @@ }, { "title": "Customizing GUI Behavior [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.) ", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/STI06_Customize_GUI.pdf", "description": "\"The /UIS and /MSTART commands provide the user with control over much of the GUI behavior. At 5.7 and 6.0, this has been extended to include control over the multilegend feature, background color, and mouse button assignment for dynamic rotations. Used in conjunction with the startxx.ans file, this allows the user to change GUI behavior in each ANSYS session.\"" }, @@ -316,14 +318,15 @@ }, { "title": "Elastic Foundation Stiffness", - "author": " Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.) ", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/EFS.pdf", - "description": " Short explanation of what elastic foundation stiffness (SURF154) is and how to calculate the resulting stiffness for non-planar cases. In Workbench Mechanical, this feature is referred to as an \"Elastic Support\"." + "description": "Short explanation of what elastic foundation stiffness (SURF154) is and how to calculate the resulting stiffness for non-planar cases. In Workbench Mechanical, this feature is referred to as an \"Elastic Support\"." }, { - "title": "EPFL_Tutorial.zip", + "title": "Various MEMS Examples Using ANSYS [ZIP]", + "author": "(EPFL, The Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/EPFL_Tutorial.zip", - "description": "EPFL_Tutorial.zip" + "description": "Tutorials on using ANSYS with various MEMS examples. This was originally taken from EPFL's website." }, { "title": "Effect of Package Design and Layout on BGA Solder Joint Reliability of an Organic C4 Package", @@ -343,9 +346,10 @@ "description": "A three-dimensional progressive damage model was developed in order to simulate the damage accumulation of bolted single-lap composite joints under in-plane tensile loading. This model is capable of predicting the residual strength and residual stiffness of laminates with arbitrary lay-ups, geometries and bolt positions. The parametric study includes stress analysis, failure analysis and material property degradation. Stress analysis of the three-dimensional geometry was performed using the ANSYS FE code. Failure analysis and degradation of material properties were implemented using a progressive damage model, which is incorporated in an ANSYS macro-routine. The progressive model utilizes a set of stress-based Hashin-type criteria and a set of appropriate degradation rules. A parametric study was performed to examine the effect of bolt position and friction upon residual strength and damage accumulation." }, { - "title": "FLUID29andFLUID79.pdf", + "title": "Comparison of FLUID29 and FLUID79 Elements", + "author": "Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/FLUID29andFLUID79.pdf", - "description": "FLUID29andFLUID79.pdf" + "description": "\"Analyses were conducted to verify that similar results could be obtained by using the displacement formulated fluid elements FLUID79 or the pressure formulated fluid elements FLUID29.\"" }, { "title": "FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf", @@ -359,7 +363,7 @@ }, { "title": "Formatting output text of results (PRxxxx family of commands) [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI) ", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/week1-formatting-output-text.pdf", "description": "This memo outlines some of the options available in ANSYS to produce and to format output listings: (1) the use of the /FORMAT statement with the PRxxxx series of commands and (2) the application of *VWRITE to create custom output. This memo outlines some of the options available in ANSYS to produce and to format output listings: (1) the use of the /FORMAT statement with the PRxxxx series of commands and (2) the application of *VWRITE to create custom output." }, @@ -375,7 +379,7 @@ }, { "title": "General ANSYS Tips (5.5)", - "author": "Carl Howard (University of Adelaide) ", + "author": "Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/ansys_tips.pdf", "description": "Where to get help \n Insufficient disk space \n Bulk compression mode \n Choice of solver \n Element Normals \n Boolean operations on solid models \n Meshing \n Loading an array from a file \n Using ETABLE and extracting the results to an array \n Output when using the GUI \n Generating editable WMF figures " }, @@ -385,9 +389,10 @@ "description": "Gerard_et_al.pdf" }, { - "title": "HE_WB.zip", + "title": "High End Workbench Tip", + "author": "PADT", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/HE_WB.zip", - "description": "HE_WB.zip" + "description": "Taken from PADT's SWAU group meeting on performing high-end analyses with Workbench Simulation." }, { "title": "Hyper.pdf", @@ -427,7 +432,7 @@ }, { "title": "Improvements to Time-History Postprocessing at 6.0 [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.) ", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/STI08_ANSYS_6.0_Variable_Viewer.pdf", "description": "\"This tips and tricks focuses on improvements at 6.0 on the Time-History postprocessor. (After I did this, I realized that a lot of this was already covered in the 6.0 Update seminar, but, oh well...)\"" }, @@ -443,8 +448,9 @@ }, { "title": "Legend_Example.zip", + "author": "Bob Weathers (Trane)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/Legend_Example.zip", - "description": "Legend_Example.zip" + "description": "Example of customizing legend with annotations. See \"Read Me\"file for details, along with AVI animation.\"Essentially, I turn off the legend and write annotations into this area. It gives me considerable control over what appears there. I have also found that I can better communicate results to my customers by, say, having a legend that's reads 1.23 mils rather than 0.123E-02 inches or by referencing drawing and revision numbers, test results, material properties, and so on.\"\n\"You might need to change some of the character size and line spacing dimensions in the macros. Again, though, they work just fine for my hardware.\"" }, { "title": "LiPaperECF13.pdf", @@ -453,7 +459,7 @@ }, { "title": "Long Parameter and Component Names at 6.0 [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.) ", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/STI04_Long_Names_and_Strings.zip", "description": "\"Starting from version 5.7, strings have been introduced to replace character arrays. Strings allow for up to 128 characters for APDL purposes, instead of the 8-letter limit of character parameters. The /INQUIRE command as well as string manipulation functions (see *GET online help) extend the usefulness of strings to retrieve and manipulate data. *VWRITE has also been enhanced to support C-format statements, useful in writing out long strings.\"\n\"At 6.0, the 8-character limitation on parameters, components, and /POST26 variables has been removed. Users can now specify up to 32 character for these items, allowing for much more descriptive names. In /POST26, variables can also be referred to by name when plotting or listing.\"" }, @@ -539,7 +545,7 @@ }, { "title": "Manipulating FE Mesh [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.) ", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/STI04_Manipulating_FE_Mesh.zip", "description": "\"There are some special situations where a user may be required to generate or manipulate a database consisting mainly of finite element entities without solid model geometry. With some careful planning, dealing with mesh-only databases can prove to be relatively easy. \n\n Typical situations that may arise include the following: \n\n Import of mesh from Workbench Simulation or AI*Environment/ICEM CFD \n Generation of repetitive geometry \n\n This memo hopes to cover these situations in more detail.\"" }, @@ -550,24 +556,25 @@ }, { "title": "Mass property calculation methods [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI) ", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/week3-Mass_Calculation_Macros.pdf", "description": "This memo covers some ways to determine mass properties of an ANSYS model." }, { - "title": "Material_XML.zip", + "title": "Workbench XML Material Format", + "author": "ANSYS, Inc.", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/Material_XML.zip", - "description": "Material_XML.zip" + "description": "ANSYS Workbench Engineering Data module (e.g., Workbench Simulation, Workbench FE Modeler) can import/export material data as XML files. These XML files utilize the MatML format, and this zip file contains an example. This can be useful for users wishing to generate their own material libraries in XML format outside of Workbench Engineering Data." }, { "title": "Meshing in Workbench [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.) ", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/STI0801_Meshing.pdf", "description": "\"Mechanical users have long enjoyed access to a variety of powerful meshing tools inside of ANSYS to generate high-quality shell, tetrahedral, and swept meshes. During the past several years, meshing in ANSYS Workbench Simulation has not only grown to encompass traditional meshing algorithms in ANSYS but has also developed many features requested by ANSYS users as well as integrated meshing technologies from ANSYS CFX and ANSYS ICEM CFD.\"" }, { "title": "Nested macros, local parameters, trailing underscores", - "author": "Martin Herrenbruck (Technische Universität München) ", + "author": "Martin Herrenbruck (Technische Universität München)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/Nested_macros-all-files.zip", "description": "\"A macro file is a file which contains Ansys commands. If you save your macro in your working directory or in the macro directory (see /PSEARCH command) you just enter the macro name in the command line and all these commands will be executed. You can even nest macros: from your main file you call e.g. zzmacro1 which again calls zzmacro2. The only problem is that a macro could change - and you would probably not notice that - the value of a parameter you are using in your main input file. This will be the case if the same parameter name is used accidentally in both the macro and your main input. Let's see how one can avoid these nasty errors - just click on the link!\"" }, @@ -598,7 +605,7 @@ }, { "title": "POW2MAT.zip", - "author": "Carl Olsard (noiseboard.com) ", + "author": "Carl Olsard (noiseboard.com)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/POW2MAT.zip", "description": "\"This is a simple program written in Turbo pascal which I find very useful for converting the output from ANSYS (prvar, prnsol, etc) into columns, while removing the headers at the start and between the page listings. The program is used at a DOS prompt and one types in: pow2mat col filein fileout , where col are the number of columns in the output, filein MUST have an extension .val and fileout WILL have an extension .txt. You do NOT type in the extensions, they are default. For example, you would type pow2mat 7 nodelist nodelist which would extract 7 columns from the file nodelist.val and write a stripped file called nodelist.txt . If you have several files to convert, you can use the DOS FOR command as follows: \n FOR %I IN (*.val) DO pow2mat 3 %~nI %~nI\"" }, @@ -614,7 +621,7 @@ }, { "title": "Parametric Studies in ANSYS [PDF]", - "author": "Sean Harvey (CSI) ", + "author": "Sean Harvey (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/week26-parametric_studies.pdf", "description": "Automated parametric studies in ANSYS (generating and using parametric input files)." }, @@ -625,20 +632,21 @@ }, { "title": "Plotting Entities and Graphs in Multiple Windows [PDF]", - "author": "David Haberman (CSI) ", + "author": "David Haberman (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/Week_18_multi-plot.pdf", "description": "ANSYS 5.4 through 5.6 allow users to plot multiple entities (keypoints, lines, areas, volumes, nodes, and elements) in a given window. Prior to ANSYS 5.4, a user was required to plot entities on top of one another, like transparencies. Furthermore, multi-plotting also allows a user to generate graphs. The following memo discusses how the ANSYS multi-plotting feature works." }, { "title": "Postprocessing Harmonic Results [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.) ", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/STI03_Harmonic_Postprocessing.zip", "description": "\"In harmonic analyses, due to the fact that results may not be in phase, postprocessing quantities of interest can pose a challenge. Users may need to review non-sinusoidal results, such as equivalent stresses, at different locations, so accounting for phase information may be required.\n This memo hopes to cover some of the more important points regarding postprocessing structural harmonic analysis results in both the General and Time-History Postprocessors.\"" }, { - "title": "PressureMappingExample.zip", + "title": "Pressure Mapping Example", + "author": "Bob Weathers (Trane)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/PressureMappingExample.zip", - "description": "PressureMappingExample.zip" + "description": "An example which demonstrates mapping between dissimilar meshes and element types.\n\nAt the bottom of the macro is an example of how to apply the mapped results from the first model onto the second using a TABLe. The TABLe uses the second model's node numbers (sorted and stored in ascending order) to index into the TABLe. This results in a very efficient way to map boundary conditions that's fast and uses minimum memory." }, { "title": "Principles of Simulating Contact Between Parts using ANSYS", @@ -682,228 +690,268 @@ "description": "SPIE-05_Zensheu-USDC-modeling.pdf" }, { - "title": "STI01_Acoustic_Elements.zip", + "title": "Acoustic Elements [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/STI01_Acoustic_Elements.zip", - "description": "STI01_Acoustic_Elements.zip" + "description": "\"For many years, ANSYS has 2D and 3D acoustic elements, including those used to model an “infinite” boundary. These elements can be used in modal, harmonic, and transient analyses, and fluid-structural interaction can also be accounted for in these simulations.\n\nThis memo hopes to review the following topics related to harmonic acoustic analyses: basic comparison of structural and acoustic elements, modeling complex impedance boundary conditions, and defining complex pressure loading. A set of input files, which analyze the case of a simple radiating sphere, is included with this memo.\"" }, { - "title": "STI01_Electrical_Contact_Beta_6.0.zip", + "title": "Beta Electrical Contact Features at 6.0 [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/STI01_Electrical_Contact_Beta_6.0.zip", - "description": "STI01_Electrical_Contact_Beta_6.0.zip" + "description": "\"This issue describes a beta feature at 6.0, which is electrical contact capability of 17x surface-to-surface contact elements. This new capability allows contact in thermal-electric and structural-thermal-electric problems.\"\n(Week 13, week of 01/07/02.)" }, { - "title": "STI01_PDS_and_Nonlinear_Runs.zip", + "title": "PDS and Nonlinear Runs [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/STI01_PDS_and_Nonlinear_Runs.zip", - "description": "STI01_PDS_and_Nonlinear_Runs.zip" + "description": "\"The Probabilistic Design System (PDS) of ANSYS provides a very powerful tool in understanding the effect of uncertainties in one’s design. The details of PDS are covered in the online help, so this memo will discuss the specific case of setting up serial and parallel PDS runs as well as performing nonlinear analyses with PDS.\"" }, { - "title": "STI01_Remote_Solution_Manager.pdf", + "title": "Using the WB Simulation Remote Solution Manager [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/STI01_Remote_Solution_Manager.pdf", - "description": "STI01_Remote_Solution_Manager.pdf" + "description": "\"Workbench Simulation has the ability to allow the user to solve multiple jobs locally or remotely. These capabilities are defined within the \"Solution” branch of WB Simulation as well as in the WB Remote Solution Manager.\n \"This memo hopes to introduce this capability, especially with regards to solving multiple jobs locally on a Windows machine.\"\n(Week 33, week of 04/02/06.)" }, { - "title": "STI02_APDL_and_Vector_Operations.zip", + "title": "APDL and Vector Operations [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/STI02_APDL_and_Vector_Operations.zip", - "description": "STI02_APDL_and_Vector_Operations.zip" + "description": "\"Vector and matrix operations in APDL are an invaluable method of manipulating array data, as they provide very fast, computationally efficient means of helping the user perform pre- or post-processing operations on the model.\nThere are many ways of storing data, ranging from arrays to tables to strings. Moreover, manipulation of numerical data can be in the form of vectors or matrices via the *Vxxx and *Mxxx commands, respectively. The user is referred to the APDL Programmer’s Guide in the ANSYS online help for a thorough discussion of the capabilities of APDL, but, in this memo, a basic introduction to vector operations will be covered.\"" }, { - "title": "STI02_Nonlinear_Submodeling.zip", + "title": "Nonlinear Submodeling [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/STI02_Nonlinear_Submodeling.zip", - "description": "STI02_Nonlinear_Submodeling.zip" + "description": "\"Submodeling is often used to efficiently obtain solutions at local areas. Although submodeling may be commonly thought of as being applicable to linear static structural solutions, it can also be applied to nonlinear and transient analyses, as well as other disciplines. This memo hopes to cover the specific case of nonlinear static structural submodeling.\"\n(Week 14, week of 01/14/02.)" }, { - "title": "STI02_QR_Damped_Unsymmetric.zip", + "title": "QR Damped and Unsymmetric Stiffness [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/STI02_QR_Damped_Unsymmetric.zip", - "description": "STI02_QR_Damped_Unsymmetric.zip" + "description": "\"There have been significant enhancements to the QR Damped eigenvalue extraction method in the past several releases of ANSYS. At 8.0, the capability of including unsymmetric damping [C] matrix was introduced, along with support of damping defined via the DMPRAT and MDAMP commands.\nANSYS 8.1, the material-based constant damping ratio MP,DMPR allowed users to specify constant damping ratios per material ID in mode-superposition harmonic analyses, when used with the QRDAMP eigensolver. With the release of 9.0, QRDAMP also supports unsymmetric stiffness [K] matrix, output of complex eigenvectors, and the use of the PSOLVE command. This memo hopes to cover the use of QR Damped eigenvalue extraction method in friction problems, where an unsymmetric stiffness [K] matrix may be present. An example of this type of problem is brake squeal analyses, where the combination of ANSYS 17x contact elements and the QRDAMP eigensolver provide an easy-to-use, efficient means of determining unstable modes.\"" }, { - "title": "STI02_Rigid_Body_Contact.zip", + "title": "Preventing Rigid-Body Motion in Contact Problems [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/STI02_Rigid_Body_Contact.zip", - "description": "STI02_Rigid_Body_Contact.zip" + "description": "\"In contact problems run in a static manner, controlling rigid-body motion may sometimes be an issue under the following circumstances: (a) force-controlled systems or (b) multiple bodies with some parts unconstrained.\"\n\n\"This memo hopes to address some ways of controlling rigid-body motion in contact problems through the use of options available with the surface-to-surface contact elements.\"" }, { - "title": "STI03_PSD_Efficiency.pdf", + "title": "PSD Calculation Efficiency [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/STI03_PSD_Efficiency.pdf", - "description": "STI03_PSD_Efficiency.pdf" + "description": "\"A very common use of PSD analyses is to look at the response of a system under a single base excitation, such as the case with many aerospace and civil applications. The default PSD settings are very general in nature and may consequently be inefficient for such a situation. This memo hopes to outline some ways in which the user may obtain more efficient PSD solutions for the specific instance of single base excitation with relatively flat spectrum (although some techniques may be extrapolated for other cases).\"…An older doc I recently reanimated and updated…" }, { - "title": "STI03_Yield_and_Failure.pdf", + "title": "Review of Anisotropy, Yield Criteria, Failure Criteria [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/STI03_Yield_and_Failure.pdf", - "description": "STI03_Yield_and_Failure.pdf" + "description": "\"This memo hopes to serve as a review of the basics of anisotropy, yield criteria, failure criteria, and the ANSYS procedure related to these topics.\"\n(Week 15, week of 01/21/02.)" }, { - "title": "STI04_PSD_Postprocessing.zip", + "title": "PSD Postprocessing [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/STI04_PSD_Postprocessing.zip", - "description": "STI04_PSD_Postprocessing.zip" + "description": "\"PSD, or random vibration, analyses present some interesting challenges in postprocessing due to the nature of the assumptions related to the analysis. This memo hopes to address some of these items, including evaluation of derived stresses and calculation of response power spectral density.\"\n…An older doc I recently reanimated and updated…" }, { - "title": "STI05_ANSYS_6.0_Contact_Wizard.pdf", + "title": "Contact Wizard Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/STI05_ANSYS_6.0_Contact_Wizard.pdf", - "description": "STI05_ANSYS_6.0_Contact_Wizard.pdf" + "description": "Describes some of the enhancements made to the Contact Wizard at ANSYS 6.0, including support of 17x contact elements' thermal features and ability to edit contact pair options through same interface.\n(Week 5, week of 10/22/01.)" }, { - "title": "STI05_DesignXplorer.pdf", + "title": "Understanding the Response Surface Method in DesignXplorer [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/STI05_DesignXplorer.pdf", - "description": "STI05_DesignXplorer.pdf" + "description": "\"ANSYS DesignXplorer enables the user to perform optimization studies based on multiple objectives, to account for uncertainties in product design and use, and to determine how best to improve product reliability. These tasks are accomplished through the use of response surfaces, and this memo hopes to cover some of the basics of DesignXplorer operation.\"" }, { - "title": "STI05_Pressure_Loading.zip", + "title": "Pressure Load Macro [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/STI05_Pressure_Loading.zip", - "description": "STI05_Pressure_Loading.zip" + "description": "\"In ANSYS, pressure loading via the SFx family of commands allows users to apply a force per unit area in a direction normal to the surface. Structural surface effect elements SURF153 and SURF154 extend pressure loading capabilities by allowing users to specify normal, tangential, or arbitrary distributed loading. In fact, for an arbitrary ‘distributed loading vector,’ the full or projected area may be used, with or without the tangential component of load. This type of loading can be useful in mimicking a bearing load (include tangential component) or wind loading (no tangential component), to name a couple of examples.\n\"Because of the fact that the vector-type of pressure loading can be based on full or projected area, with or without the tangential component, trying to determine an appropriate value for the loading can be cumbersome. The author has written a simple macro which can be used as an example in utilizing surface effects more effectively by allowing the user to specify the total force instead of pressure – the macro calculates the appropriate pressure value to be applied on the surface effect elements.\"\n(Week 27, week of 07/04/04.)" }, { - "title": "STI0603_Radiosity_Solver_Simulation.pdf", + "title": "Using the Radiosity Solver in Workbench Simulation [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/STI0603_Radiosity_Solver_Simulation.pdf", - "description": "STI0603_Radiosity_Solver_Simulation.pdf" + "description": "Please note that in Workbench Mechanical 12.1, surface-to-surface radiation (using the Radiosity Solution Method) has been introduced in the GUI, so this memo is obsolete if you use version 12.1 and higher.\n\"Radiation can play an important role in heat transfer analyses. In Workbench Simulation 10.0, a “Radiation” load has been added to allow users to account for losses to the surroundings, although this does not include radiation exchange between surfaces.\n For users wishing to utilize the ANSYS surface-to-surface radiation capabilities, this memo hopes to introduce an easy method to include these effects within Workbench Simulation via Named Selections and Command objects.\n This type of methodology can be extended to include any other advanced solution feature of ANSYS which the user may wish to incorporate inside of Workbench Simulation.\"" }, { - "title": "STI0604_Viscous_Behavior.zip", + "title": "Modeling Viscous Behavior [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/STI0604_Viscous_Behavior.zip", - "description": "STI0604_Viscous_Behavior.zip" + "description": "\"Amorphous solids or solids at elevated temperatures may exhibit viscous behavior. It may be difficult for some users to determine how best to model such behavior. This memo hopes to describe some available options in ANSYS and to differentiate between viscoelastic and viscoplastic constitutive models.\"" }, { - "title": "STI06_Undocumented_Hyperelastic_Models.zip", + "title": "Undocumented Hyperelastic Material Models at 5.7-6.1 [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/STI06_Undocumented_Hyperelastic_Models.zip", - "description": "STI06_Undocumented_Hyperelastic_Models.zip" + "description": "\"From 5.7, the 18x series of elements support a variety of hyperelastic constitutive models, namely general polynomial, Mooney-Rivlin, Neo-Hookean, Arruda-Boyce, and Ogden. Four other models have been included in 5.7 onwards, although these are undocumented options for TB,HYPER. These four models consist of the Yeoh and Gent models for incompressible behavior and the Hyperfoam and Blatz-Ko options for compressible rubbers. This memo hopes to provide a summary of these material models and of the required input.\"" }, { - "title": "STI0701_CMS_in_Simulation.zip", + "title": " Using CMS in Workbench Simulation [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/STI0701_CMS_in_Simulation.zip", - "description": "STI0701_CMS_in_Simulation.zip" + "description": "\"At Workbench 11.0, the ANSYS Rigid Dynamics add-on module enables users to model complex kinematic assemblies, whereby system-level performance as well as accurate force loading on components can be obtained.\n Although the parts in the assembly may initially be considered rigid, an interesting, related method is the use of component mode synthesis (CMS) to account for the flexibility of parts. This memo will attempt to cover a way in which users can incorporate CMS in their multibody analyses in Workbench Simulation.\"\n[For version 12.0, use supplied \"cms_use_v12.mac\" instead of \"cms_use.mac\" - courtesy of D. Creech.]" }, { - "title": "STI0702_External_Pressure_Loading_WB_Simulation.zip", + "title": "Spatially-Varying Pressure Loading in Workbench Simulation [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/STI0702_External_Pressure_Loading_WB_Simulation.zip", - "description": "STI0702_External_Pressure_Loading_WB_Simulation.zip" + "description": "\"Workbench Simulation 11.0 allows users not only to apply constant pressure loads or force vectors per unit area but also to utilize hydrostatic pressure loads and line pressure loads (force per unit length), and these can be defined as a function of time. Moreover, fluid pressures can be mapped from a steady-state or transient ANSYS CFX solution.\nDespite these options, there may be situations where a user may want to import a predefined, spatially-varying pressure field from an external text file. This can be accomplished through the use of a “Commands” object and APDL tables, which this memo will introduce.\"\n(Week 38, week of 07/01/07.) " }, { - "title": "STI0703_USERHYPER.zip", + "title": "User-Defined Hyperelasticity with USERHYPER [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/STI0703_USERHYPER.zip", - "description": "STI0703_USERHYPER.zip" + "description": "\"User-Programmable Features (UPFs) are an extremely useful feature for analysts that need additional advanced functionality, especially in the area of constitutive modeling.\nTB,HYPER allows users to include many incompressible and compressible hyperelastic material behavior – Ogden, Arruda-Boyce, Gent, Yeoh, Blatz-Ko are but some of the available models. However, for those wishing to use a customized strain energy function, the USERHYPER.F subroutine is available.\"" }, { - "title": "STI0704_USERCREEP.zip", + "title": "User-Defined Creep Laws with USERCREEP [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/STI0704_USERCREEP.zip", - "description": "STI0704_USERCREEP.zip" + "description": "\"ANSYS provides 13 creep equations for use with implicit creep – these range from the simple Norton law to the hyperbolic sine form to the Blackburn model to a rational polynomial expression, to name a few – that can be used to model a range of creep behavior for metals. The TBFT command provides curve-fitting functionality for the user wishing to evaluate creep material parameters from test data. Also, the user can model anisotropic creep as well as combine implicit creep with rate-independent plasticity to model a wide range of complex material response.\nDespite this wealth of features, however, one may wish to incorporate one’s own creep law into ANSYS. For example, a company may have their own creep equation with material parameters already defined and validated through testing. The built-in creep laws in ANSYS assume creep used in design rather than failure analysis, so the available creep laws are meant to model primary and secondary creep – consequently, another need to incorporate a user-defined creep law would arise when a user wants to include tertiary creep and/or to evaluate creep damage.\nThis memo will hope to address some aspects of writing one’s own user-defined creep law with the USERCREEP.F subroutine to address this issue.\"\nExample using Anand's model." }, { - "title": "STI0705_Buckling.pdf", + "title": "Buckling in Workbench Simulation [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/STI0705_Buckling.pdf", - "description": "STI0705_Buckling.pdf" + "description": "\"Buckling may be a concern for some situations, where a user may need to modify the design to prevent buckling within a given load range. Conversely, failure analysis may need to be performed when a structure has collapsed.\nANSYS and Workbench Simulation have many tools to aid users in solving geometric instability problems, ranging from linear (eigenvalue) buckling to nonlinear, post-buckling analyses.\"\n(Week 41, week of 10/14/07)" }, { - "title": "STI0706_Acoustic_Postprocessing.zip", + "title": "Acoustic Postprocessing [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/STI0706_Acoustic_Postprocessing.zip", - "description": "STI0706_Acoustic_Postprocessing.zip" + "description": "\"Acoustic analyses in ANSYS provides insight to the propagation of sound, and both visual and aural postprocessing can aid in this objective. This memo hopes to cover postprocessing methods for acoustic problems other than standard contour and XY plots.\"" }, { "title": "CERIG vs RBE3, RIGID184 [ZIP]", - "author": " Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.) ", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/STI07_CERIG_RBE3_RIGID184.zip", "description": "\"Constraint equations provide many useful features in ANSYS, such as tying together dissimilar meshes, representing parts of the system not explicitly modeled, or distributing loads. Two automated methods of generating constraint equations are the CERIG and RBE3 commands. Because there is often confusion over their use, this memo hopes to provide some information on differences between the two methods.\n\"Constraint equations in ANSYS are linear, so they are not valid for large-rotation analyses. RIGID184 is a beta element in version 6.1 which provides rigid link/beam capabilities, valid for large-rotation problems. The latter part of this memo will cover some details of this undocumented feature, available in 6.1.\"" }, { - "title": "STI07_Lagrange_Multipliers.pdf", + "title": "Understanding Lagrange Multipliers [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/STI07_Lagrange_Multipliers.pdf", - "description": "STI07_Lagrange_Multipliers.pdf" + "description": "\"Lagrange multipliers are a general term used in different areas of ANSYS, specifically contact and element formulation. This memo hopes to provide the user with a simplified introduction to the most important concepts in using elements with Lagrange multipliers, in hopes that some of the element options and solver selection can be better understood.\nCurrently, at ANSYS 6.0, the node-to-node gap element CONTA178 and the Mixed U-P formulation of the 18x elements (i.e., KEYOPT(6)>0) utilize Lagrange multipliers, so the discussion will focus on these elements.\"" }, { - "title": "STI0802_Drucker_Prager.pdf", + "title": "Drucker-Prager Models [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/STI0802_Drucker_Prager.pdf", - "description": "STI0802_Drucker_Prager.pdf" + "description": "\"The Drucker-Prager material model is used for pressure-dependent inelastic behavior of materials such as soils, rock, concrete, and powder. Because ANSYS offers three different Drucker-Prager constitutive models, this memo hopes to provide a comparison of the available options.\"\n(Week 44, week of 03/16/08)" }, { - "title": "STI0803_Residual_Vectors.zip", + "title": "Introduction to the Residual Vector Method [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/STI0803_Residual_Vectors.zip", - "description": "STI0803_Residual_Vectors.zip" + "description": "\"The residual vector method can improve the accuracy of mode-superposition harmonic response or transient analyses, especially when the high-frequency content of the structure is excited. This memo provides details on how users can take advantage of this analysis technique introduced in ANSYS 11.0.\"" }, { - "title": "STI0804_Damping.zip", + "title": "Basics on Structural Damping (Addendum) [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/STI0804_Damping.zip", - "description": "STI0804_Damping.zip" + "description": "\"Since ANSYS 5.6, there have been numerous enhancements as well as facets of the software program that have changed, including treatment of damping. This article is meant to serve as an addendum to Section 6 of the author’s \"Structural Damping\" memo, which was written in October, 2000.\"" }, { - "title": "STI0805_Chaboche.pdf", + "title": "Chaboche Nonlinear Kinematic Hardening Model [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/STI0805_Chaboche.pdf", - "description": "STI0805_Chaboche.pdf" + "description": "\"The Chaboche nonlinear kinematic hardening model was added in ANSYS 5.6 to complement the existing isotropic and kinematic hardening rules that users relied on. Despite its availability for nearly ten years as of the time of this writing, the Chaboche model has enjoyed limited popularity, in part because of the perceived complexity of calibrating the material parameters. This memo hopes to introduce the basics related to the Chaboche nonlinear kinematic model.\"\n(Week 47, week of 05/04/08)" }, { - "title": "STI0806_USEROUT.zip", + "title": "User-Defined Output with USEROUT.F [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/STI0806_USEROUT.zip", - "description": "STI0806_USEROUT.zip" + "description": "\"There are various situations where a user may wish to define specific type of output to postprocess — this can range from simple evaluation of safety factors to more involved damage calculations. While APDL, the ANSYS command language, allows users to manipulate results in any manner one sees fit, user-programmable features (UPFs) also provide a means for users to calculate specific output results efficiently at the solution level.\"\nExample of calculating fatigue and Cap (Extended Drucker-Prager) output." }, { - "title": "STI0807_Viscoelasticity.zip", + "title": "Viscoelasticity [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/STI0807_Viscoelasticity.zip", - "description": "STI0807_Viscoelasticity.zip" + "description": "\"Viscoelastic constitutive models allow users to analyze the time-dependent relaxation or creep behavior of materials, including glass, polymers, solid rocket propellants, to name a few. One may view viscoelastic materials as containing an elastic and viscous component, similar to a spring and dashpot in series. This memo will introduce viscoelastic input in ANSYS and as well as cover curve-fitting procedures.\"" }, { - "title": "STI0808_Hill.zip", + "title": "Hill's Potential [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/STI0808_Hill.zip", - "description": "STI0808_Hill.zip" + "description": "\"Anisotropic plasticity using Hill’s yield criterion was introduced in ANSYS 5.7, and the extensions to anisotropic creep and viscoplasticity were added in ANSYS 6.0. While Hill’s stress potential is most commonly used for rolled sheets, it can be used for other situations where three orthogonal planes of symmetry are preserved. This memo will introduce details of the usage of Hill’s potential in ANSYS.\"\n(Week 50, week of 08/31/08)" }, { - "title": "STI08_PSOLVE.zip", + "title": "Using PSOLVE [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/STI08_PSOLVE.zip", - "description": "STI08_PSOLVE.zip" + "description": "Although most often used for large-deflection prestressed modal analyses, PSOLVE has other applications which make it attractive to use, especially for large models.\n\nPSOLVE can be used for the following situations:\n\nPrecise mass calculations\nDetailed listing of contact pair information\nEvaluation of tabular boundary conditions and loads\n\nSince PSOLVE is a partial solution (namely, calculation of element matrices), it is usually much faster than performing an actual solution. Hence, the user may obtain any (or all) of the above three types of information prior to running an actual analysis, which can be a valuable way of verifying model input and settings prior to solution.\n\n(Week 20, week of 07/14/02.)" }, { - "title": "STI0901_Compiling_UPFs.pdf", + "title": "Compiling UPFs and Creating Customized ANSYS Executables [PDF]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/STI0901_Compiling_UPFs.pdf", "description": "\"ANSYS User Programmable Features (UPFs) are quite powerful means of customizing ANSYS beyond the scripting capabilities of the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). Writing one’s own constitutive models or complex loading functions or even creating a user-defined element are possible with UPFs. \n\n Because some users may find it challenging to get started using UPFs, this memo hopes to discuss general issues related to compiling and linking a customized version of ANSYS for Windows and Linux environments.\"\n\n (Week 51, week of 02/08/09)" }, { "title": "Contact Analysis Tips [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/STI0902_Contact_Tips.pdf", "description": "\"Generally speaking, nonlinear analyses involving contact can be quite challenging to solve when the contacting area changes during the load history. However, ANSYS Workbench Simulation has very robust contact technology, along with diagnostic tools that can help the user obtain converged, accurate solutions. This memo hopes to discuss some tips related to contact analyses in hopes of aiding the user who encounters difficulties when solving contact analyses.\"" }, { - "title": "STI0903_PSD_Postprocessing_2.zip", - "author": " Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.) ", + "title": "PSD Postprocessing of Relative Displacement [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/STI0903_PSD_Postprocessing_2.zip", - "description": "STI0903_PSD_Postprocessing_2.zip" + "description": "\"PSD users may wish to determine the relative 1-sigma results between two points. This memo covers three methods to perform this operation, in hopes that it will give users more familiarity with PSD postprocessing in ANSYS.\"" }, { "title": "STI0904_USERFC.zip", - "author": " Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.) ", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/STI0904_USERFC.zip", "description": "\"The FC command provides users with the ability to predict first-ply failure using maximum strain, maximum stress, or Tsai-wu failure criteria. In ANSYS 12.0.1, users can also take advantage of the userfc subroutine to define up to nine different criteria.\nThis memo reviews the userfc subroutine, and a sample implementation of the Hashin criterion is included.\"" }, { - "title": "STI09_Damping.zip", + "title": "Basics on Structural Damping [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/STI09_Damping.zip", - "description": "STI09_Damping.zip" + "description": "This is an old document I wrote a while ago on damping which I sometimes use. Although written back at version 5.6, it is still applicable at version 7.0.\n\"Damping is required in many dynamic applications, yet because there are many ways to include it, there is often confusion regarding the implementation of damping in ANSYS. This memo hopes to provide a general summary of the representation of damping available in ANSYS.\"" }, { - "title": "STI10_Flotran_Enhancements_at_6.0.pdf", + "title": "Flotran Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/STI10_Flotran_Enhancements_at_6.0.pdf", - "description": "STI10_Flotran_Enhancements_at_6.0.pdf" + "description": "\"There have been several enhancements to Flotran at 6.0. These changes include more robust default settings, an additional advection scheme, a new coupling algorithm, and improvements to the ALE mesh morpher.\"" }, { - "title": "STI10_Manual_Calculation_of_SEND.zip", + "title": "Manual Calculation of Strain Energy Density [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/STI10_Manual_Calculation_of_SEND.zip", - "description": "STI10_Manual_Calculation_of_SEND.zip" + "description": "\"Output of elastic, plastic, and creep strain energy densities (SEND) was introduced in ANSYS 6.0, although this is limited to 18x elements in nonlinear analyses. Users whose models include core elements with plasticity and creep may also wish to obtain these quantities, and this memo hopes to review this procedure.\"\n(Week 22, week of 12/22/02.)" }, { - "title": "STI11_Plasticity_Hardening_Rules.zip", + "title": "Plasticity Hardening Rules [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/STI11_Plasticity_Hardening_Rules.zip", - "description": "STI11_Plasticity_Hardening_Rules.zip" + "description": "\"ANSYS has a wide range of constitutive models and element technology available to the user. In this memo, the basics of isotropic and kinematic hardening for plasticity will be discussed, specifically related to proportional/non-proportional, monotonic/cyclic loading, and finite strain applications.\"" }, { - "title": "STI12_Cyclic_Symmetry_at_6.0.pdf", + "title": "Modal Cyclic Symmetry Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/STI12_Cyclic_Symmetry_at_6.0.pdf", - "description": "STI12_Cyclic_Symmetry_at_6.0.pdf" + "description": "\"At ANSYS 6.0, the modal cyclic symmetry procedure has been significantly improved. New commands, CYCLIC and CYCOPT, replace the older CYCGEN and CYCSOL macros and provide more flexibility and ease-of-use.\"" }, { - "title": "STI65_TNT_Radiosity_Solver.pdf", + "title": "Radiosity Solver [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/STI65_TNT_Radiosity_Solver.pdf", - "description": "STI65_TNT_Radiosity_Solver.pdf" + "description": "Information on radiation capabilities of ANSYS, focusing on the radiosity solution method.\nAccompanying input files 1, 2, 3 and 4" }, { - "title": "STI69_TNT_Beam_Elements.zip", + "title": "Structural Beam Elements Overview [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/STI69_TNT_Beam_Elements.zip", - "description": "STI69_TNT_Beam_Elements.zip" + "description": "An overview of beam elements available in ANSYS, including the new BEAM188/189 elements and differences between thin and thick beams." }, { "title": "Save Working Loads", @@ -911,9 +959,10 @@ "description": "Iterative Determination of Save Working Loads (SWL) for Crawler Cranes" }, { - "title": "Shape_Memory_Alloy.pdf", + "title": "Shape Memory Alloy", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/Shape_Memory_Alloy.pdf", - "description": "Shape_Memory_Alloy.pdf" + "description": "Short PDF describing differences between the superelastic and shape memory effect options for Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) material model. Simple input file can be downloaded here." }, { "title": "SolderTMC.pdf", @@ -922,7 +971,7 @@ }, { "title": "Sparse Solver Improvements [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.) ", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/STI04_Sparse_Solver.pdf", "description": "\"There have been various sparse solver improvements in each release of ANSYS. This memo hopes to cover some general information on the solvers available in ANSYS as well as performance improvements between ANSYS 5.6 and 6.0 related to linear static analyses.\"" }, @@ -933,7 +982,7 @@ }, { "title": "Surface Effect Elements, General Overview", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.) ", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/surfeff_final1.zip", "description": "An overview presentation and example workshop on generating surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed." }, @@ -943,13 +992,14 @@ "description": "T51-01.pdf" }, { - "title": "THOPT.pdf", + "title": "Fast Nonlinear Transient Thermal Solver [PDF]", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/THOPT.pdf", - "description": "THOPT.pdf" + "description": "Information on the fast nonlinear thermal solution method (THOPT), beta in 5.6 and documented in 5.7" }, { "title": "Tabular Boundary Conditions and Function Editor at 6.0 [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.) ", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/STI09_ANSYS_6.0_Function_Editor.pdf", "description": "\"This tips and tricks is an introductory memo on the use of tabular and function boundary conditions. The use of the Function Editor is also discussed.\"" }, @@ -982,18 +1032,19 @@ }, { "title": "Using Abbreviations to Customize the Toolbar [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.) ", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/STI03_Customizing_Toolbar.pdf", "description": "\"The ANSYS Toolbar provides a useful means of accessing commonly-used functions, especially for users who use the GUI rather than typing in commands.\"\n\n\"This memo hopes to provide a brief introduction to the ANSYS Toolbar and, more importantly, how to assign macros or specific dialog boxes to the Toolbar buttons, including Fnc_ UIDL granules or ~eui Tcl/Tk dialog boxes.\"" }, { "title": "VectorRotation.zip", + "author": "Bob Weathers (Trane)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/VectorRotation.zip", - "description": "VectorRotation.zip" + "description": "\"These macros rotate a matrix of vectors from one set of Euler angles to another. One macro creates the rotation matrix and a second does the rotation. To test the macros, a pressurized cylinder (or optionally a sphere) is built, meshed, and solved in 6 different coordinate systems. To check accuracy, results are rotated from one CSYS to another by the macros and then compared to ANSYS. Set your text editor's tab stops to 2 for macro readability.\"\n\nIn the zip file, \"zTestRotationVector.mac\"is the test model macro, and \"zRotateVector.mac\"is the main macro to rotate vectors.\n\nUpdate 02/07/2009: correction to zRotateVector.mac provided by David Creech." }, { "title": "Visualizing structural matrices in ANSYS using APDL", - "author": "Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.) ", + "author": "Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/acton20081119-visualizing_matrices.pdf", "description": "\"This article presents a method of visualizing structural matrices used in finite-element analysis using ANSYS and the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). The information is intended to provide some insight into the nature of structural matrices used in finite-element codes. Some terms used in sparse-matrix arithmetic are discussed, and methods for calculating certain quantities are provided. A test model is constructed to demonstrate how the stiffness, mass, and damping matrices may be visualized for various systems. The effect of element shape, element type (including superelements), element reordering, and equation reordering on structural matrices is briefly investigated.\"" }, @@ -1003,46 +1054,52 @@ "description": "WEP125G.pdf" }, { - "title": "Week13_TNT_Conversion_of_Piezoelectric_Material_Data.pdf", + "title": "Converting piezoelectric data [PDF]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/Week13_TNT_Conversion_of_Piezoelectric_Material_Data.pdf", "description": "Conversion of material properties of piezoelectric ceramics (such as PZT) has caused many users confusion because of the difference between manufacturer-supplied data and the format required by ANSYS. This memo hopes to clarify this point and to provide users with information on conversion routines. [Accompanying Spreadsheet]()." }, { - "title": "Week_11_Surface_Effect_Elements_Thermal.pdf", + "title": "Thermal Surface Effect Elements Intro [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/Week_11_Surface_Effect_Elements_Thermal.pdf", - "description": "Week_11_Surface_Effect_Elements_Thermal.pdf" + "description": " Introduction to thermal surface effect elements (SURF151/152)." }, { - "title": "Week_14_Memory_Configuration.pdf", + "title": "Memory management and configuration [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/Week_14_Memory_Configuration.pdf", - "description": "Week_14_Memory_Configuration.pdf" + "description": "Memo on memory management and configuration, especially in conjunction with the PCG solver and options in linear static analyses." }, { - "title": "Week_16_Nonlinear_Monitor.pdf", + "title": "Nonlinear monitoring [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/Week_16_Nonlinear_Monitor.pdf", - "description": "Week_16_Nonlinear_Monitor.pdf" + "description": "Memo covering the benefits of the jobname.mntr file and the MONITOR command in nonlinear analyses." }, { "title": "Converting pressures to nodal forces [PDF]", - "author": " Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/Week_17_STI52_TNT_converting_pressures_to_nodal_forces.pdf", "description": "Tip on converting element pressures to nodal forces. This can be useful for mode superposition methods where LVSCALE may not be suitable.\n SI_P2F Macro and test input file." }, { - "title": "Week_19_tip_of_week_restart.pdf", + "title": "Multiframe Restarts [PDF]", + "author": "Sean Harvey (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/Week_19_tip_of_week_restart.pdf", - "description": "Week_19_tip_of_week_restart.pdf" + "description": "Memo covering the multiframe restart capability (RESCON) in ANSYS.\nAccompanying input file" }, { - "title": "Week_20_Windows_File_Association.pdf", + "title": "Windows file association for ANSYS files [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/Week_20_Windows_File_Association.pdf", - "description": "Week_20_Windows_File_Association.pdf" + "description": "How to associate database, graphics, and input files with ANSYS under Windows, so one can launch ANSYS more easily without the ANSYS launcher." }, { - "title": "Week_8_Structural_Shell_Elements.pdf", + "title": "Structural Shell Elements Overview [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/Week_8_Structural_Shell_Elements.pdf", - "description": "Week_8_Structural_Shell_Elements.pdf" + "description": "Overview of structural shell elements in ANSYS, including differences between thin and thick shells, drilling DOF, etc." }, { "title": "a020.pdf", @@ -1050,9 +1107,10 @@ "description": "a020.pdf" }, { - "title": "aacton20080723-clustering.pdf", + "title": "Clustering Results Around Peaks for Full-Harmonic Analyses in ANSYS", + "author": "Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/aacton20080723-clustering.pdf", - "description": "aacton20080723-clustering.pdf" + "description": "\"This article presents a method for obtaining full harmonic solutions clustered around potential peak responses. Full harmonic analyses provide exact solutions, typically calculated at equally spaced intervals over the desired frequency range. Mode-superposition analyses, however, provide approximate solutions, but can be clustered around potential resonant peaks. The hybrid method discussed in this article uses a modal solution to determine natural frequencies, which are then used to calculate clusters of points surrounding those frequencies. Full harmonic solutions can then be performed at these clustered points. Examples and input les are provided in order to utilize this method.\"" }, { "title": "acton20080825-condition_number.pdf", @@ -1204,8 +1262,9 @@ }, { "title": "boot.zip", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/boot.zip", - "description": "boot.zip" + "description": "Old model originally created back in ANSYS 6.0. Recently tested and seems to solve fine as-is in ANSYS 12.1, so I expect all versions in-between should run fine, too. Hyperelasticity, self-contact, rigid-deformable contact are present. Animation of same model (with finer mesh) is on the gallery page." }, { "title": "bzahn00.pdf", @@ -1275,9 +1334,10 @@ "description": "Presentation on the viscoelasticity model, introduced in ANSYS 6.1, available for both hypo- and hyper-elasticity (part of the \"Advanced Analysis with ANSYS\"seminar during the 2002 User's Conference)." }, { - "title": "contact_beta_56.pdf", + "title": "PDF file summarizing beta contact features at 5.6.1 [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/contact_beta_56.pdf", - "description": "contact_beta_56.pdf" + "description": "Presentation on the thermal contact and fluid pressure capabilities of the surface-to-surface contact elements. This was written when these capabilities were beta at 5.6. Thermal capabilites are documented at 5.7.\nAccompanying thermal contact example and fluid pressure example" }, { "title": "contact_tech.pdf", @@ -1296,14 +1356,15 @@ }, { "title": "creating Custom Animations [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.) ", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/STI01_Creating_Custom_Animations.zip", "description": "\"Animations are quite useful, both in presenting results of an analysis to others as well as obtaining better insight into the complex response of a system. While ANSYS has many built-in animation capabilities, sometimes, it may be necessary to create a macro for a customized animation. This memo covers one method of generating such animations.\"" }, { - "title": "cubeandsphere.pdf", + "title": "Comparison of Rectangular and Spherical Models", + "author": "Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/cubeandsphere.pdf", - "description": "cubeandsphere.pdf" + "description": "\"The purpose of this investigation was to compare the two modelling techniques for an infinite boundary. The first technique involves setting the elements on the edges of the model to have an absorptive property by changing the material properties so that mu=1. The second technique involves the use of infinite elements (infinite129) that must be placed on a constant radius curvature.\"" }, { "title": "cyclic_symmetry_analysis.pdf", @@ -1333,14 +1394,16 @@ "description": "disrpap.pdf" }, { - "title": "dspace_assembly.zip", + "title": "DesignSpace Tutorial 2", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/dspace_assembly.zip", - "description": "dspace_assembly.zip" + "description": "Simple tutorial on analyzing assemblies using DesignSpace with focus on compatibility with SolidWorks." }, { - "title": "dspace_part.zip", + "title": "DesignSpace Tutorial 1", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/dspace_part.zip", - "description": "dspace_part.zip" + "description": "Simple tutorial on analyzing parts using DesignSpace with focus on compatibility with SolidWorks." }, { "title": "effects_of_nonlinear_geometric.pdf", @@ -1437,9 +1500,10 @@ "description": "This is a quick hack I did to generate SVG files from within ANSYS. There are 3 macros contained in the zip file: GRPH2SVG.MAC is the main one, and the other two are called by GRPH2SVG.\n\n The macro redirects the plot to an ANSYS Graphics file \"stiplot.grph\". Then, the macro parses through the GRPH file and generates an SVG file called \"stiplot.svg\". You can change the font, font size, etc. as you see fit from within the macro. (For details on the contents of the GRPH file, refer to the ANSYS Programmer's Guide for details.)\n\nBecause this parses the GRPH file from within ANSYS, it is slow for complex plots, so I recommend using it only for XY plots — this is only meant to serve as an example of what can be done with APDL and reading the GRPH file contents. Also, I did not bother including support for raster graphics - this macro only supports vector graphics. (If you want raster graphics, use of PNG is better. SVG is really a vector graphics implementation.)\n\nIf you're running Firefox, or if you use Internet Explorer and have the Adobe SVG Viewer Plug-in, you can see a sample contour plot and sample XY plot generated from this macro.\n\nBecause this was created by hand, there may be mistakes - you can let me know if you encounter any. Otherwise, instead of using this macro, you can create an EPS file and use your favorite illustration software to convert it to an SVG file." }, { - "title": "harmonic-large-mass-method.pdf", + "title": "Example harmonic analysis using the large mass method [PDF]", + "author": "David Haberman (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/harmonic-large-mass-method.pdf", - "description": "harmonic-large-mass-method.pdf" + "description": "Step-by-step instructions on performing an example harmonic analysis using the large mass method." }, { "title": "harmonic_and_random.zip", @@ -1558,8 +1622,9 @@ }, { "title": "matlab.zip", + "author": "Rick Morgans (Adelaide University)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/matlab.zip", - "description": "matlab.zip" + "description": "\"On this subject, I've been meaning to post these for ages -> we've been using these macros to transfer variables between ansys and matlab for yonks. They write and read variables from ansys and matlab -> you can check them out to see how they do it (i.e. I cant remember off of the top of my head) -> I think they write out a format header then write the rest of the variable as a single column.\n\nvarread.m\nread variable into matlab\n\nvarread.mac\nread variable into ansys\n\nvarreadc.m\nread 2 column ansys variable into matlab as a complex variable\n\nvarreadcp.m\nread \"packed\"2 column variable into matlab as complex variable\n\nvarreadp.m\nread \"packed\"variable into matlab\n\nvarreadp.mac\nread \"packed\"variable into ansys\n\nvarwrite.m\nwrite a variable from matlab\n\nvarwrite.mac\nwrite a variable from ansys\n\nvarwritep.mac\nwrite a variable from ansys in \"packed\"format using a vmask\"" }, { "title": "meis.pdf", @@ -1631,7 +1696,7 @@ "title": "muffler.zip", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/muffler.zip", - "description": " This memo provides basic instruction on performing acoustic analyses in Workbench Mechanical 14.0. An example of calculation of transmission loss in a muffler is demonstrated." + "description": "This memo provides basic instruction on performing acoustic analyses in Workbench Mechanical 14.0. An example of calculation of transmission loss in a muffler is demonstrated." }, { "title": "mutamba2.pdf", @@ -1692,8 +1757,9 @@ }, { "title": "penny3d.zip", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/penny3d.zip", - "description": "penny3d.zip" + "description": "Simple example using ANSYS Workbench 12.0 to show one way to generate a penny-shaped crack (3D crack) for fracture mechanics (using CINT command to evaluate J-integral and stress intensity factors)." }, { "title": "popelar1.pdf", @@ -1716,9 +1782,10 @@ "description": "prony.zip" }, { - "title": "radiation.pdf", + "title": "Radiation article in ANSYS Solutions Magazine [PDF]", + "author": "Dave Looman (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/radiation.pdf", - "description": "radiation.pdf" + "description": "Overview of ANSYS's radiation capabilities, including a discussion on the radiosity solution method." }, { "title": "rbcm22.pdf", @@ -1737,10 +1804,10 @@ "description": "Simple example of a hollow metal pipe being bent by rollers. Rigid-deformable contact, metal plasticity, use of Joints (MPC184) are in the Workbench Mechanical 12.1 model." }, { - "title": "siysdcap.zip", + "title": "siysdcap", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/siysdcap.zip", - "description": " Tip on visualizing the Drucker-Prager Cap model yield surface." + "description": "Tip on visualizing the Drucker-Prager Cap model yield surface." }, { "title": "skinner_thesis.pdf", @@ -1780,18 +1847,21 @@ }, { "title": "substr-fullpost.zip", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/substr-fullpost.zip", - "description": "substr-fullpost.zip" + "description": "Fictitious model used to demonstrate substructuring. SETRAN and SESYMM are used to translate and reflect a superelement. RSPLIT and RSTOFF are also used, and postprocessing of the entire model (superelements and non-superelements) is shown." }, { - "title": "surfeff_final2.zip", + "title": "Structural surface Effect Elements, General Overview", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/surfeff_final2.zip", - "description": "surfeff_final2.zip" + "description": "An overview presentation and example workshop on structural surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed." }, { - "title": "surfeff_final3.zip", + "title": "Thermal surface Effect Elements, General Overview", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/surfeff_final3.zip", - "description": "surfeff_final3.zip" + "description": "An overview presentation and example workshop on thermal surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed." }, { "title": "t2107.pdf", @@ -1809,9 +1879,10 @@ "description": "tan_wei_200804_phd.pdf" }, { - "title": "tcontact.pdf", + "title": "Thermal contact overview [PDF]", + "author": "Yongyi Zhu (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/tcontact.pdf", - "description": "tcontact.pdf" + "description": "Presentation on the thermal contact capabilities of the surface-to-surface contact elements, beta at 5.6.\nInput file for pressure-dependent thermal conductance" }, { "title": "thermal_comfort.pdf", @@ -1845,8 +1916,9 @@ }, { "title": "user01.zip", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/user01.zip", - "description": "user01.zip" + "description": "Very simple example showing use of user-defined command (USER01).\n\nThis UPF command simply reads and interpolates a defined table array. Use of the parevl() is also shown in this simple input." }, { "title": "user_def1.pdf", @@ -1859,19 +1931,22 @@ "description": "Document describing the USERMAT user material subroutine." }, { - "title": "visco_harmonic.zip", + "title": "Converting Prony Series to Frequency Domain", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/visco_harmonic.zip", - "description": "visco_harmonic.zip" + "description": "Simple example showing how to convert Prony series for viscoelasticity from time domain to frequency domain. This is to convert TB,PRONY to TB,ELASTIC/SDAMP for use in harmonic response analyses." }, { - "title": "vm256.zip", + "title": "VM256 with Workbench Mechanical", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/vm256.zip", - "description": "vm256.zip" + "description": "Created a Workbench 12.0 version of VM256.\nUseful for users who may wish to get a better understanding of implementing the CINT command inside of Workbench Mechanical for J-integral and stress intensity factor calculations." }, { - "title": "vm267.zip", + "title": "VM267 with Workbench Mechanical", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/vm267.zip", - "description": "vm267.zip" + "description": "Created a Workbench 12.0 version of VM267.\nUseful for users who may wish to get a better understanding of implementing the CINT command inside of Workbench Mechanical for stress intensity factor calculations." }, { "title": "wam95_ufluidics.pdf", @@ -1879,30 +1954,34 @@ "description": "wam95_ufluidics.pdf" }, { - "title": "week10-Text_Compression_Utilities.pdf", + "title": "Text and compression utilities [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/week10-Text_Compression_Utilities.pdf", - "description": "week10-Text_Compression_Utilities.pdf" + "description": "Memo on text editors which support syntax highlighting, useful in editing input files and/or macros. Also discusses compression utilities to reduce filesize of database and results files. (Also see \"bzip2\" compression utility, not discussed in memo)" }, { - "title": "week12-STI43_TNT_Bolt_preload.pdf", + "title": "Modeling preloaded bolts [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/week12-STI43_TNT_Bolt_preload.pdf", - "description": "week12-STI43_TNT_Bolt_preload.pdf" + "description": "Modeling preload in bolts via contact offset, thermal contraction, or the new pretension elements PRETS179.\nPRELOAD1, PRELOAD2, and PRELOAD3 input files" }, { - "title": "week2-contact1.pdf", + "title": "Load vs. displacement control in contact problems [PDF]", + "author": "Karen Dhuyvetter (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/week2-contact1.pdf", - "description": "week2-contact1.pdf" + "description": "Discussion on load vs. displacement control for contact problems." }, { - "title": "week23-random_vibrations_tow.pdf", + "title": "Random Vibration Analysis of a Circuit Board [PDF]", + "author": "Sean Harvey (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/week23-random_vibrations_tow.pdf", - "description": "week23-random_vibrations_tow.pdf" + "description": "Example of random vibration analysis of a circuit board in ANSYS.\nInput files in zip format" }, { "title": "Different Methods of Connecting Parts Together [PDF]", "author": "Sean Harvey (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/week24-connecting_models_tow.pdf", - "description": " Connecting Parts - A study of Continuous Mesh versus Bonded Contact versus Constraint Equations." + "description": "Connecting Parts - A study of Continuous Mesh versus Bonded Contact versus Constraint Equations." }, { "title": "week25-ETABLE.pdf", @@ -1914,27 +1993,31 @@ "title": "Calculating effective Coefficient of Thermal Expansion [PDF]", "author": "Bill Bulat (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/week4-effective_cte.pdf", - "description": " Tips on how to define coefficient of thermal expansion and converting that material data to format that ANSYS can use." + "description": "Tips on how to define coefficient of thermal expansion and converting that material data to format that ANSYS can use." }, { - "title": "week5_Surface_Effect_Elements.pdf", + "title": "Structural Surface Effect Elements Intro [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/week5_Surface_Effect_Elements.pdf", - "description": "week5_Surface_Effect_Elements.pdf" + "description": "Introduction to structural surface effect elements (SURF153/154).\nBOLTLOAD input file" }, { - "title": "week6-compar-lm-dd3.pdf", + "title": "Sine sweep simulation [PDF]", + "author": "David Haberman (CSI", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/week6-compar-lm-dd3.pdf", - "description": "week6-compar-lm-dd3.pdf" + "description": "Discussion on harmonic sweeps, either via the direct displacement method or the large mass method.\nDirect displacement method example input file and Large mass method example input file" }, { - "title": "week7-TNT_License_Reporting.pdf", + "title": "License monitoring and reporting [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/week7-TNT_License_Reporting.pdf", - "description": "week7-TNT_License_Reporting.pdf" + "description": "Information on license monitoring and reporting for Elan (ANSYS 5.4-5.6). At 5.7, licensing has reverted back to FlexLM, and this document is not applicable." }, { - "title": "week_29_STI68_TNT_Damped_Modal.pdf", + "title": "QR Damped Modal Analysis [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/week_29_STI68_TNT_Damped_Modal.pdf", - "description": "week_29_STI68_TNT_Damped_Modal.pdf" + "description": "Presentation on different damped eigenvalue extraction methods in ANSYS, focusing on the newer QR Damped method.\nInput files in zip format" }, { "title": "ws_jss2002.pdf", diff --git a/dist/examples/1/index.html b/dist/examples/1/index.html index a0fe907..b94b84d 100644 --- a/dist/examples/1/index.html +++ b/dist/examples/1/index.html @@ -128,7 +128,7 @@

        Examples

        This input file uses SHELL181.

      • ibeam_188.inp

        -

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        Lateral torsional buckling (example of use of WARP DOF for BEAM188/189). For an I-beam, considering WARP DOF (in 5.6) is important (i.e., unrestrained or restrained warping). Consider the I-beam modeled with BEAM188 elements or with SHELL181:

        • BEAM188 (Unrestrained warping) -- 387.3
          • @@ -159,16 +159,16 @@

          Examples

          Simple natural convection problem of chip on board, 3D hex.

        • nip.inp

          -

          -

          nip.inp

          +

          Dave Lindeman (3M)

          +

          Example analysis of a head/media/roller NIP (structural nonlinear). Shows use of *VWRITE to write out an ABAQUS input deck.

        • offset.inp

          Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

          Shows difference between geometric offset and contact offset (CNOF real constant), useful in interference fit problems (so you don't have to modify geometry iteratively).

        • outres.inp

          -

          -

          outres.inp

          +

          Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

          +

          This is a simple example of using OUTRES with an array parameter to define at what time points results will be saved. This is useful if you want to control exactly when results will be stored, even with the automatic timestepping algorithm present.

        • pipe_pml.inp

          Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

          @@ -202,8 +202,8 @@

          Examples

          Simple example showing a disk loaded with initial velocity. Disk rotation is defined by MPC184, so this must be run in version 7.0 and above. (Disk rotation could have been defined by other methods such as deformable-rigid contact, but this was meant to illustrate a particular technique.)

        • rigidbody_rotation.inp

          -

          -

          rigidbody_rotation.inp

          +

          Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

          +

          This is a very simple example of using RBE3 or force-distributed type of surface constraint to track an averaged sense of the rotation or translation of a part within an assembly. By listing the displacements or rotations at the pilot node, one can obtain these quantities. (Remember that rotations are reported in radians, not degrees.)

        • rv-ba-mp.inp

          David Haberman (CSI)

          diff --git a/dist/examples/2/index.html b/dist/examples/2/index.html index 1e5c3a2..ff82ffe 100644 --- a/dist/examples/2/index.html +++ b/dist/examples/2/index.html @@ -119,16 +119,16 @@

          Examples

          Example of acoustic radiating sphere. Comparison w/ hand calculations.

        • spring.inp

          -

          -

          spring.inp

          +

          Dave Lindeman (3M)

          +

          Attached is an input file that sets up and runs an analysis for a variable radius (hyperbolic) compression spring. You should be able to modify it for your needs.

        • st_ex3.inp

          Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

          Simple example illustrating use of generating, using, and post-processing thermal surface effect elements.

        • surf_traction.inp

          -

          -

          surf_traction.inp

          +

          Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

          +

          Shows surface effect element for traction load application.

        • therm_cont.inp

          Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

          diff --git a/dist/feed/feed.xml b/dist/feed/feed.xml index 6fc4df9..c575446 100644 --- a/dist/feed/feed.xml +++ b/dist/feed/feed.xml @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ - 2021-09-12T08:06:03Z + 2021-09-12T16:02:31Z https://ansys.netlify.app/ diff --git a/dist/index.html b/dist/index.html index ecd7edf..1a947fb 100644 --- a/dist/index.html +++ b/dist/index.html @@ -88,11 +88,12 @@

          Resources -051805_maug_contact_presentation.pdf +Techniques for Successfully Using ANSYS Contact Elements -

          +

          Rich Bothmann

          -051805_maug_contact_presentation.pdf +Presentation from the Midwest ANSYS User Group +[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 9.0]

        • @@ -239,9 +240,9 @@

          Miscellaneous -aPDL.syn +apdl.syn -

          +

          Bob Weathers (Trane)

          APDL.syn @@ -257,9 +258,19 @@

          Miscellaneous circle.grn -

          - -circle.grn +

          John Crawford (Honeywell)

          + +A UIDL function (granule file) to create circles by picking. To change the menu put the following in a menu granule: +:! +:N Men_CIRC +:S 0, 0, 0 +:T Menu +:A Circles +:D Circles +Fnc_CIRCLEWP +Fnc_CIRCLEKP +:E END +:!

        --> diff --git a/dist/macros/0/index.html b/dist/macros/0/index.html index d28a46f..784bd1e 100644 --- a/dist/macros/0/index.html +++ b/dist/macros/0/index.html @@ -129,36 +129,37 @@

        Macros

        "This macro evaluate Mesh Discretization Error and Criteria for Accuracy of Finite Element Solutions based on Chandresh Shah’s article (2002)."

      • acmn.mac

        -

        -

        acmn.mac

        +

        Eric Miller (PADT)

        +

        Looks for and then plots and lists any areas shared by two volumes

      • acomplot.mac

        -

        -

        acomplot.mac

        +

        Eric Miller (PADT)

        +

        Finds any areas that are shared by the selected set of volumes and plots them. Useful to check VGLUEs

      • aext.mac

        -

        -

        aext.mac

        +

        Juha Tyllinen (KONE Corporation)

        +

        This macro creates an area by 'extruding' line - Similar to ANSYS command VEXT.

      • aface.mac

        -

        +

        John Crawford (Honeywell)

        If you want to use this macro to create areas on the outside skin of tet elements, use the ESURF command to create shell elements on the outside faces of the tets, then select these shell elements and run AFACE.MAC.

      • aloop.mac

        -

        -

        aloop.mac

        +

        Stefano Lucarelli (Mannesmann VDO AG)

        +

        This input file asks for selection of one or more areas and loops until all areas directly or indirectly connected to the original ones are selected then plots them

      • alsm.mac

        -

        -

        alsm.mac

        +

        John Crawford (Honeywell)

        +

        I ended up writing a macro that selects/reselects/unselects meshed areas, and then copied it and modified it for doing the same with volumes.

      • anfout.mac

        -

        -

        anfout.mac

        +

        John Swanson (SAS, Inc./ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Macro that traverses the solid model and writes an anf file.
        +Posted by Eric Miller (PADT)

      • anfout2.mac

        -

        -

        Macro that traverses the solid model and writes an anf file.

        +

        John Swanson (SAS, Inc./ANSYS, Inc.), slightly modified by John Crawford (Honeywell)

        +

        Macro that traverses the solid model and writes an anf file. Modified by John Crawford to include not just highest level component (i.e., write both volumes and 'free' areas which are selected).

      • anglemod.mac

        John Crawford (Honeywell)

        @@ -187,16 +188,18 @@

        Macros

        This macro (actually, an input file of an ABAQUS verification problem) provides an example of using ANSYS to preprocess and write out an ABAQUS input deck. From the author: "Note that this is an APDL script that illustrates a translation procedure and NOT an independent macro (i.e., this is just a starting place for others -- customization IS required)."

      • ans2pat.mac

        -

        -

        ans2pat.mac

        +

        Gordon May (Rolls Royce Compressor Key System)

        +

        ANSYS to Patran 2 Neutral File translator: this macro translates element and nodal data FOR THE CURRENTLY SELECTED SET OF ELEMENTS into Patran 2 Neutral File (PNF) format.

      • ans2unv.mac

        Rogelio Perez (Schneider Electric Industries SAS)

        This macro translates element and nodal data FOR THE CURRENTLY SELECTED SET OF ELEMENTS into Ideas Neutral File (UNV) format. Based on the Ansys to Patran 2 macro developed by G. May and available in ansys.net

      • ansys2stl.mac

        -

        -

        ansys2stl.mac

        +

        Iker Gómez Vázquez (ITP)

        +

        This is a macro to convert an ANSYS structural mesh into an ASCI STL (stereolithography) file.

        +

        Since the STL format is based on a triangular surface mesh, this macro selects all external nodes, generates SURF154 elements, then exports these to the STL file.

        +

        Macro updated on 03/17/2009.

      • anvect.mac

        Bill Bulat (CSI)

        @@ -207,24 +210,24 @@

        Macros

        Animates voltage results of harmonic analysis in /POST1 by contouring the real part of the solution while varying the phase angle.

      • areacal.mac

        -

        -

        areacal.mac

        +

        Carl Ostervig (Tech Inno)

        +

        This macro calculates the number and area for all selected elements.

      • areatest.mac

        -

        -

        areatest.mac

        +

        (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Tests areas for consistent normals (not needed at 5.6 since /PSYM,ADIR,1 allows plotting of normals). Also, you may need to rename this macro "ATEST" or "NORMALS" since "AREAS" is a status topic command.

      • arplot.mac

        (unknown source)

        Annotates each area with its size (/AN3D)

      • aslm_bw.mac

        -

        -

        aslm_bw.mac

        +

        Bram Weisman (SBM-IMODCO)

        +

        Based on ALSM macro, created by John Crawford to select/reselect/unselect meshed areas. Written to take advantage of vectors to execute faster.

      • aswp.mac

        -

        -

        aswp.mac

        +

        Bram Weisman (SBM-IMODCO)

        +

        Divides a picked area with the working plane, retaining the area attributes for the newly-created areas.

      • attrib_2_Load.js

        @@ -243,20 +246,21 @@

        Macros

        Computes the average temperature (from a thermal analysis) of the selected set of nodes. Example of the use of *VMASK.

      • avgtemp.mac

        -

        -

        avgtemp.mac

        +

        David Power (Mallett Technology Inc.)

        +

        "Get average element temperature for each element from nodal body loads.
        +Unfortunately it's pretty slow for large models, and I haven't had any time to restructure it to make it run faster, although I'm sure I could make better use of the array operations."

      • avsucd.mac

        Ian Sigal (University of Toronto)

        "The macro writes an AVS UCD file that can be read by Amira. This allows quick display and post-processing. I use the macro to export a model formed of Solid92 tetrahedrals, but only the results in the four corners are written to the file. The macro also writes the element solutions, although these are not read by Amira, but are accepted in the AVS UCD standard."

      • axiget.mac

        -

        -

        axiget.mac

        +

        Rod Scholl (PADT)

        +

        Selects axi-symmetric elements based upon their keyopts. (PLANE42/82 Only)

      • b188to89.mac

        -

        -

        b188to89.mac

        +

        René Fiege (Jos. L. Meyer GmbH)

        +

        "I attached a little macro to define new BEAM189s on the nodes and properties of the existing 188 elements."

      • battle.mac

        Dave Lindeman (3M)

        diff --git a/dist/macros/1/index.html b/dist/macros/1/index.html index 33721b6..5e53b52 100644 --- a/dist/macros/1/index.html +++ b/dist/macros/1/index.html @@ -101,8 +101,16 @@

        Macros

        Macro applies pressure distribution for approximation of bearing force. See contents of macro for details.

      • beamnet.mac

        -

        -

        beamnet.mac

        +

        Artem Kulachenko (Mid Sweden University)

        +

        Adds beam elements on outer edges of shell elements. From the author:
        +Attached please find a macro that creates a net of beam/link elements on 4/3 node shells.

        +

        An example of its use:
        +/prep7
        +et,1,41
        +rect,0,1,0,1
        +amesh,1
        +et,2,4
        +beamnet,41,2

      • beampres.mac

        Bram Weisman (Alan C. McClure Associates, Inc.)

        @@ -113,8 +121,8 @@

        Macros

        "Applies a bearing load using discreet forces. Written primarily to apply a bearing load to a model that has been tet meshed where using a pressure gradient would require rebuilding the model."

      • bilinear.mac

        -

        -

        bilinear.mac

        +

        John Swanson (SAS, Inc./ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Used when specifying a material which has different tensile and compressive moduli. A test input file is also available.

      • bode01.mac

        Bill Bulat (CSI)

        @@ -125,20 +133,22 @@

        Macros

        Macro for defining a cubic ramp for use w/ ANSYS/LS-Dyna for performing quasi-static explicit analyses.

      • checkiges.mac

        -

        -

        checkiges.mac

        +

        Julián Díaz (ITR México)

        +

        "This is a very simple macro, but I've found it very useful when I have an iges file with common errors of duplicate geometry and small lines. All it does is look for lines smaller that .1 inches and plots them along with the attached areas, this can be useful to have a glipse of where could the problems be."

      • clean.mac

        Tom Glade (PACCAR Technical Center)

        "Here's a macro I use to clean up TYPEs, REALs, and MPs."

      • clean_model.mac

        -

        -

        clean_model.mac

        +

        René Fiege (Meyer Werft GmbH)

        +

        "The macro deletes not used attributes (real, mat, type, section), similar to the clean macro from Tom Glade, but with vector operations. It can easily be enlarged to document the used attributes (see macro).
        +"Do not use the macro with referencing attributes, like tapered beams. All attributes, which are not an attribute of an element will be deleted."

      • closeline.mac

        -

        -

        closeline.mac

        +

        Ernst Hustedt (Air New Zealand Engineering)

        +

        The macro selects those lines that surround a picked point, or those lines that are exterior, depending on the case. Try the attached igs file and pick completely outside, inside but close to an outer line, inside outer loop but close to an inner line etc. and see what happens."

        +

        "Extending it to 3-D should be possible by starting with the WP aligned with the screen csys or so."

      • cmdif.mac

        Eric Miller (PADT)

        @@ -168,8 +178,8 @@

        Macros

        *get,_mxlnsz,common,,cfprp7,,int,100"

      • cmf.mac

        -

        -

        cmf.mac

        +

        Ernst Hustedt (Air New Zealand Engineering)

        +

        Make a compound fillet at two straight lines.

      • cmget.mac

        John Crawford (Honeywell)

        @@ -196,24 +206,24 @@

        Macros

        Outputs velocities for a single frequency analysis in COMET/Acoustics from an ANSYS harmonic analysis.

      • cnvg_time.mac

        -

        -

        cnvg_time.mac

        +

        Mitch Voehl (CEC Corp)

        +

        Macro to get last converged substep.

      • coil_emf.mac

        coil_emf.mac

      • compten.mac

        -

        -

        compten.mac

        +

        Carl Ostervig (Tech Inno)

        +

        This macro analysis iteratively structures with different material properties (Youngs modulus) in tension and compression. [STI: Please note that this macro looks at SX and SY. See BILINEAR macro for a more general compression/tension macro based on principal stresses.]

      • conts2s.mac

        -

        -

        conts2s.mac

        +

        G. N. S. Prakash

        +

        "'conts2s.mac' macro creates surface to surface contact elements between nodal components with the default options. Only nodal components(target & contact), material number and coefficient of friction can be given as arguments. Use Contact wizard or your custom code to modify other properties. This macro is helpful when number of components in Ansys models are large or sometimes when the Contact wizard becomes slow with large db files and if we need to create a lot of contact pairs."

      • coupcoin.mac

        -

        -

        coupcoin.mac

        +

        Alex Komissarov (GEAE)

        +

        A macro used to couple DOF of nodes in a given cylindrical coordinate system within a specified tolerance.

      • couple_dof.mac

        diff --git a/dist/macros/3/index.html b/dist/macros/3/index.html index 150021a..75b347d 100644 --- a/dist/macros/3/index.html +++ b/dist/macros/3/index.html @@ -113,8 +113,8 @@

        Macros

        "I coded this version only for the win32C (X11c) Graphics device. Will not work at all with the default win32 (X11). Contours in contour plots should have 100 shades of grey with the default input. Parameters can be changed in the code to darken, lighten and/or make more/less shades of grey."

      • helix.mac

        -

        -

        helix.mac

        +

        Don Shaffer (Siemens Westinghouse Power Corp)

        +

        "Here is a helix macro worked up from some xansys discussions several years ago. Several others on the list contributed parts of this."

      • helix2.mac

        @@ -133,12 +133,14 @@

        Macros

        hpkp.mac

      • hsarea.mac

        -

        -

        hsarea.mac

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Macro to get 'hotspot' of selected areas. Puts (x,y,z) and area numbers in an array, which can be used for selection, etc. of areas via APDL.

        +

        Note that while the 'hotspot' of areas should be the centroid, the actual hotspot slightly differs from this. Consequently, no ASUM/GSUM is required, and that is why an undocumented *VGET is used for obtaining hotspot locations.

      • hsvolu.mac

        -

        -

        hsvolu.mac

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Macro to get 'hotspot' of selected volumes. Puts (x,y,z) and volume numbers in an array, which can be used for selection, etc. of volumes via APDL.

        +

        Note that while the 'hotspot' of volumes should be the centroid, the actual hotspot slightly differs from this. Consequently, no VSUM/GSUM is required, and that is why an undocumented *VGET is used for obtaining hotspot locations.

      • im1.mac

        @@ -153,8 +155,8 @@

        Macros

        im12.mac

      • im21.mac

        -

        -

        im21.mac

        +

        (IDAC)

        +

        IM21 is a general utility that is used to obtain maximum numbers of all entities, with the option to merge and/or compress entity numbers before. This is useful when creating entity generation macros that work on an existing model.

      • im26.mac

        @@ -193,8 +195,8 @@

        Macros

        im7.mac

      • im82.mac

        -

        -

        im82.mac

        +

        (IDAC)

        +

        "A macro that avoids the need for repetitive work when creating areas from many closed loops of Line geometry in ANSYS. This is particularly useful when the analyst has been supplied Line geometry containing many closed loops via CAD or has created closed loops that need to be converted to Areas for element meshing purposes."

      • im9.mac

        @@ -225,20 +227,22 @@

        Macros

        jb_forc.mac

      • jobname.mac

        -

        -

        jobname.mac

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        +

        Gets jobname, title, subtitle and puts in arrays

      • js_curvewrite.mac

        -

        -

        js_curvewrite.mac

        +

        Jeff Strain (PADT

        +

        "A macro to write output PSD data at selected nodes with the number of selected nodes varying with each run. I did the "write a macro from a macro" thing and took advantage of two fairly recently added capabilities: C formatting in *VWRITE and string arrays, mainly for the 128 character capability.

        +

        "My macro creates a character array called p (I needed to conserve characters). The top row of the array starting at the second column contains selected node numbers. The second row starting at the second column contains GRMS values at each node. Starting in the third row, the first column is filled with frequency breakpoints; the second column over contains output PSD data for each of the selected nodes."

        +

        This can be used as an example of writing output to a file.

      • justmeshit.mac

        justmeshit.mac

      • jwasel.mac

        -

        -

        jwasel.mac

        +

        Joe Woodward (PADT)

        +

        This macro allows you to select the 'inside' surface of a volume, in case your volume has a 'void' inside of it.

      • kbfocus.mac

        Eric Miller (PADT)

        diff --git a/dist/macros/4/index.html b/dist/macros/4/index.html index 41d3609..a6178cf 100644 --- a/dist/macros/4/index.html +++ b/dist/macros/4/index.html @@ -96,16 +96,24 @@

        Macros

        kpmv.mac

      • l_nlist.mac

        -

        -

        l_nlist.mac

        +

        Chris Bridge (2H Offshore Engineering Ltd)

        +

        A macro to list selected nodes but in a specified format without repeated header information.

      • lcolor.mac

        -

        -

        lcolor.mac

        +

        Jimmy Carlsson (AF Group)

        +

        This macro colors lines as follows:

        +

        Red: Line connected only to one of selected areas
        +Yellow: Line connected to two of the selected areas
        +Blue: Line connected to three or more selected areas
        +Magenta: Line is not connected to any of the selected areas

      • listtype.mac

        -

        -

        listtype.mac

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Macro used to list all unique combinations of element type, real constant, section type, and material properties of currently selected elements. Useful, for example, when importing mesh from Workbench or other software into ANSYS and confirming settings.

        +
      • +

        listcm.mac

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        At 7.0, the CMLIST command only lists selected components rather than all existing components in the database (pre-7.0 behavior). This macro provides a listing of all components in the database, regardless of their selection status. May be useful to get pre-7.0 behavior of CMLIST

      • lproj.mac

        @@ -116,20 +124,21 @@

        Macros

        lregen.mac

      • lstdbdoc.mac

        -

        -

        lstdbdoc.mac

        +

        Chris Kennedy (Think PEAK, Inc.)

        +

        This macro finds all :LBL constructs in the database. A :LBL can be any valid Ansys characters following a colon ":". Therefore you can have different labels for different aspects of your model, such as :MAT for material info, :REAL for real constant information, :INFO for general notes about the analysis, etc. Labels can be repeated.

      • m55to54.mac

        -

        -

        m55to54.mac

        +

        (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Converts 5.5 CDB file to 5.4 format (for backwards compatibility).

      • makemesh.mac

        makemesh.mac

      • mapme.mac

        -

        -

        mapme.mac

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        General macro used to map one set of values & (x,y,z) coordinates to another. Uses *MOPER,,,MAP.

        +

        Example input file can be found here which uses this macro. In this input example, *VPUT is used to compare mapping UX, UY, and UZ from one mesh to another. This can be used to map pressures, heat flux, convection, etc. from CFD codes to ANSYS, for example.

      • massprop.mac

        @@ -140,8 +149,9 @@

        Macros

        mavgtemp.mac

      • mg.mac

        -

        -

        mg.mac

        +

        John Crawford (Honeywell)

        +

        Zooms in, out or autoscales images then does a replot
        +"When I want to zoom in by a factor of two I enter MG,2. If I want to zoom out I enter something like MG,.1. If I want to autoscale I just enter MG. It replots the last display, which is usually what I want to do anyway."

      • midstres.mac

        @@ -152,8 +162,9 @@

        Macros

        Miners-Rule.mac

      • mk_mwrite.mac

        -

        -

        mk_mwrite.mac

        +

        Matt Sutton (PADT, Inc.)

        +

        This is a macro to write out arrays of user-specified width. Usually, when writing a macro, one has to specify the format of *MWRITE beforehand. This is a technique of a macro writing a macro for formatting purposes.

        +

        The history of this is from XANSYS on the following post (search for "mk_mwrite").

      • mkweb.mac

        @@ -208,20 +219,35 @@

        Macros

        NameContactsByParts.js

      • nas2ans.mac

        -

        -

        nas2ans.mac

        +

        Diego Gorriz (Skycross Engineers)

        +

        Example of a macro to convert Nastran input to ANSYS input. Works on shells only, so it should be used as an example.

      • nastexp.mac

        -

        -

        nastexp.mac

        +

        Barry O'Donnell (ODCS Ltd.)

        +

        "The macro uses logic (primariliy extracted from a previously published macro) to identify the unique combinations of ETYPE, REAL and MAT for non-section based elements and ETYPE, SECTYPE and MAT for secrion based elements. It then gathers the relevant data into arrays (primarily vector based arrays), and outputs the following NASTRAN cards:

        +

        CONM2 (mass21 element)
        +PSHELL (based on real data only, i.e. shell63)
        +CTRIA3 (shell63 degenerate elements recognised)
        +CQUAD4 (shell63 elements)
        +PBAR (beam4 element or beam188 element, A/Iyy/Izz supported)
        +CBAR (beam4 element or beam188 element, orientation node exported if it exists and default vector of <0 1 0> exported otherwise)
        +CELAS2 (combin14, spring option, linear 2 node version only)
        +PROD (link180 element, A supported)
        +CROD (link180 element)
        +PSOLID (solid element property definition card, fully supported)
        +CHEXA (solid 185 and solid 45 fully supported, solid 186 & solid 95 not working correctly)
        +CPENTA (solid 185/45/186/95 fully supported, degenerate elements recognised)
        +CTETRA (solid 185/45/186/95 & solid 186 & 95 fully supported)
        +GRID (nodal coordinates, note: nodal csys = 0) MAT1 (E, nu, dens supported - non temp dependent, initial value supported only)"

      • ndgroup.mac

        ndgroup.mac

      • ndgroup2.mac

        -

        -

        ndgroup2.mac

        +

        Joe Woodward (PADT)

        +

        "A macro which creates a macro of nsel commands for the currently selected nodes. this group of nodes can be recovered by running the macro that this macro creates. The macro will prompt the user for the name of the file which will be created. The default name is 'ndgroup.mac'."
        +Original macro by John Crawford, vectorized by Joe Woodward.

      • nfixdel.mac

        @@ -240,16 +266,15 @@

        Macros

        PLOT_MAT_AS_TEMP_EN.MAC

      • p_dirlbl.mac

        -

        -

        p_dirlbl.mac

        +

        Chris Kennedy (Think PEAK, Inc.)

        +

        From the author:
        +You can use the attached macro. This is supplied without warranty, etc.
        +It places the directory, date, time, hostname at the top of the graphics window.... There are additional args that can also extract and post the jobname. Read the macro (at least the top of it.)
        +P_LOGO2 is a macro that places my company logo on the screen. You can remove that command.... unless you want it! :-)

      • p_nlist.mac

        p_nlist.mac

        -
      • -

        p_protec.mac

        -

        -

        p_protec.mac

      • +

        p_protec.mac

        +

        Chris Kennedy (Think PEAK, Inc.)

        +

        Used as a "wrapper" for SAVE and RESUME in Toolbar, so one doesn't inadvertantly overwrite stuff in memory.

        +

      • para-2.mac

        para-2.mac

        @@ -104,8 +108,8 @@

        Macros

        picker.mac

      • plot_tag.mac

        -

        -

        plot_tag.mac

        +

        Mark Tate (Hamilton Sundstrand)

        +

        This macro will tag your plots with directory and jobname.

      • plrv.mac

        @@ -136,8 +140,8 @@

        Macros

        put_amp.mac

      • qclear.mac

        -

        -

        qclear.mac

        +

        Rod Scholl (PADT)

        +

        Does a /CLEAR without prompting the user for an OK

      • qzmulti.mac

        @@ -148,8 +152,9 @@

        Macros

        random.mac

      • randseed.mac

        -

        -

        randseed.mac

        +

        Stefan Reh (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "All random number generators are only pseudo-random number generators. They use what is called a "seed" value to calculate a random number. The result is only pseudo-random because with the same seed value you will always end up with the same "random" number. So whenever you start ANSYS it initializes the seed value. If you start generating random numbers then you will always get the same sequence of "random" numbers. The solution to this problem is to randomize the seed value itself using the system-time. Enclosed is the macro "randseed" that will exactly do that. You will get "real" random numbers after you run "randseed". You might want to run this macro every time before you start with your random number generation. You can also include the macro in your "start.ans" procedure so it will be executed each time you start ANSYS."
        +It effectively randomizes the seed by executing the RAND an arbitrary number of times.

      • rcs2ics.mac

        @@ -164,16 +169,17 @@

        Macros

        readsi.mac

      • reassign.mac

        -

        -

        reassign.mac

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        +

        Example of reassigning matrix scratch files to another directory. For this example, I also differentiate between the platform type when specifying a scratch directory since Windows and UNIX file systems are assigned differently.
        +Requires jobname macro.

      • reformat.mac

        reformat.mac

      • renam.mac

        -

        -

        renam.mac

        +

        John Swanson (SAS, Inc./ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Renames files in working directory. For example, using "renam,'tif',_1" renames all TIF files in working directory and adds prefix "_1". Useful to rename graphics files. (Note: At 5.6.1, the undocumented command /DIRGET which this macro uses does not work on Windows and will result in an abort.)

      • rfor_total.mac

        @@ -184,28 +190,29 @@

        Macros

        rotv.mac

      • round.mac

        -

        -

        round.mac

        +

        Gordon May (Rolls Royce Compressor Key System)

        +

        Macro to round a parameter to a specified number of digits.

      • rparea.mac

        rparea.mac

      • sasel.mac

        -

        -

        sasel.mac

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Macro used to select areas based on the value of the area itself (=length^2). Can be used to select all areas of a certain surface area or a range of surface area (with tolerance).

      • scopy.mac

        scopy.mac

      • select_hexpyra.mac

        -

        -

        select_hexpyra.mac

        +

        SELECT_HEXPYRA

        +

        Simple example to unselect tetrahedral and wedge-shaped SOLID164 degenerate elements, leaving only hexahedral and pyramid SOLID164 selected.

        +

        While this macro has limited usefulness by itself, it can be used as an example of selecting certain element shapes by nodal connectivity - very useful if you have a single element type but multiple degenerate element shapes and want to differentiate between them in your model.

      • selloc.mac

        -

        -

        selloc.mac

        +

        Don Shaffer (Siemens Westinghouse Power Corp)

        +

        "This is a utility tool to speed up selection of model entities by location." Please read the comments in the macro file for more details on usage.

      • seqv_max.mac

        @@ -229,8 +236,8 @@

        Macros

        shownres.mac

      • siresume.mac

        -

        -

        siresume.mac

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI

        +

        Use this for the RESUM_DB abbreviation in the Toolbar to prevent accidental resuming (which clears contents of current database). This macro will not prompt user for confirmation is database is blank. Otherwise, it will prompt user to verify that he/she wants to resume.

      • skin.mac

        @@ -241,16 +248,16 @@

        Macros

        skndpth.mac

      • slicepln.mac

        -

        -

        slicepln.mac

        +

        Don Shaffer (Siemens Westinghouse Power Corp)

        +

        "This macro moves the working plane origin to the specified keypoint and orients it with wz normal to the specified cartesian axis with x=1,y=2 and z=3."

      • sort2d.mac

        -

        -

        sort2d.mac

        -
      • -

        sorted.mac

        -

        -

        sorted.mac

        +

        Ashok K. (EACoE, Bangalore)

        +

        Ansys macro to sort a given numeric array (2d)

        +

        I usually get all the nodal coordinates into an array (call it NodeInfo) with node numbers in col 1; X,Y and Z coords in columns 2, 3 and 4 respectively.

        +

        Then lets say I want to sort by the Z- coord followed by the X-coord and then the Y-coord I call the macro

        +

        sort_by_cols, 'NodeInfo', 4,2,3

        +

        The tolerance is something which you may or may not need. Depends on your application. If you just want to compare upto full decimal accuracy leave the tolerance value at zero.

      • +

        sorted.mac

        +

        Gordon May (Rolls Royce Compressor Key System)

        +

        Example of sorting arrays using *MOPER.

        +

      • sortem.mac

        -

        -

        sortem.mac

        +

        Rick Fischer (Marconi Communications

        +

        Another similar example of sorting arrays using *MOPER.

      • sorter.mac

        sorter.mac

      • spider.mac

        -

        -

        spider.mac

        +

        Marco Perucchi (Delta JS AG)

        +

        "I have a macro that might be useful for you. It creates spider webs between 1 center and a group of surrounding nodes. Before starting the macro you have to collect the center node in one component and the group of surrounding nodes in another component. If you are able to do that with your model you should be able to create the link elements without problems."

      • spider2.mac

        @@ -128,8 +132,9 @@

        Macros

        spokes_mpc.mac

      • stiicemflotran.mac

        -

        -

        stiicemflotran.mac

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        MESH200 supports a 4-node tetrahedral option (KEYOPT(1)=8), but the node numbering is different from a degenerate 8-node tetrahedral element, such as FLUID142.
        +If a user exports a lower-order tetrahedral mesh using MESH200, conversion to an actual element, such as FLUID142, may be required. Use of this macro allows a user to perform this relatively easily (it is customized to convert 4-node MESH200 tetrahedral elements to Flotran FLUID142 tetrahedral elements, although the user can modify the macro to suit his/her needs).

      • strne.mac

        @@ -144,8 +149,8 @@

        Macros

        "Attached is a macro I wrote years ago which automates substructuring with contact. Just build the complete model with contact elements included, and create the component names as described in the macro header. The macro puts all the linear elements into a superelement and iterates on the contact elements only."

      • svsel.mac

        -

        -

        svsel.mac

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Macro used to select solids based on the value of the volume itself (=length^3). Can be used to select all volumes of a certain value or a range of values (with tolerance).

      • swp.mac

        @@ -156,28 +161,29 @@

        Macros

        sxyz.mac

      • tchkplot.mac

        -

        -

        tchkplot.mac

        +

        Sung-Chul Lee (Engineering Systems & Consulting, Inc.)

        +

        Macro to create shell thickness plot into 8-color contour band by respecifying element color properties.

      • text_unix.mac

        -

        -

        text_unix.mac

        +

        John Swanson (SAS, Inc./ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        This macro launches a text editor and creates a file called "jobname.inp" in the current working directory.

      • thickplt.mac

        -

        -

        thickplt.mac

        +

        Bram Weisman (SBM-IMODCO)

        +

        "Plots shell element thickness by utilizing surface pressures. I recommend plotting nodes with a contour or outline plot of pressure for best results. Element plot can also be used, but pressure colors will conflict with element colors."

      • thicplot.mac

        -

        -

        thicplot.mac

        +

        Bill Newland (Bell Helicopter)

        +

        "This macro assigns pressures based on real constant thickness values of shell elements. The shell elements are then plotted with pressure contours having the same values as the thicknesses."
        +"Select the desired shell elements to be plotted before running macro. After running macro, DO NOT SAVE. Exit without saving as erronious pressures will be applied to model."

      • thread.mac

        -

        -

        thread.mac

        +

        Ernst Hustedt (Air New Zealand Engineering)

        +

        "For what it's worth, here is a macro I made some years ago ('94) for doing thread profiles for axisym analysis. Looking at it now, I am not sure if the UN thread option works correctly, I can't remember that I actually used it, but the ISO should be O.K. You can spin the profile along Don's helix."

      • togif.mac

        -

        -

        togif.mac

        +

        Charles Wong (Goodrich Corporation)

        +

        "I have a macro that creates small high resolution GIF files for Windows only. It calls out a shareware program pvw32con.exe. GIF's are much smaller and higher quality than tiff or jpeg."

      • trim1.mac

        @@ -204,8 +210,8 @@

        Macros

        trq_msp.mac

      • v2comet.mac

        -

        -

        v2comet.mac

        +

        Fern Thomassy (Southwest Research Institute)

        +

        Creates a COMET/Acoustics results file of velocity results.

      • v2glue.mac

        @@ -224,12 +230,13 @@

        Macros

        vert.mac

      • vget_subs.mac

        -

        -

        vget_subs.mac

        +

        Kiran Sreeram (GE Power Systems)

        +

        "This macro stores the information requested by the user for a selected set of nodes or elements in an array called RESULT_COMP. This information can be any thing that is in the command *vget,for nodes & elements. The reason for this macro is that when using *vget the node or elem numbers must be sequential, in order to get any information. This macro deals with that i.e. by using *vmask, one can always do this manually, however this macro is helpful when needed to use regularly.

        +

        This macro also creates a txt file for the requested information."

      • viewface.mac

        -

        -

        viewface.mac

        +

        Tim Atchison (IDAC)

        +

        "This ANSYS macro orientates your model to view a selected geometry face parallel to the screen. This is a must for analysts who regularly need to instantly orientate models to positions other than the standard views allowed. Simply click the face you want to view."

      • vlsm.mac

        @@ -244,12 +251,8 @@

        Macros

        volsatelem.mac

      • vrange.mac

        -

        -

        vrange.mac

        -
      • -

        vslm_bw.mac

        -

        -

        vslm_bw.mac

        +

        Mitch Voehl (CEC Corporation)

        +

        Macro which creates a mask vector for array values which fall between specified minimuim and maximum values. Will also return parameters containing the index location of the first and last array elements meeting the criteria, as well as the number of array elements which meet the criteria.

      • -

        vthick.mac

        +

        vslm_bw.mac

        -

        vthick.mac

        +

        vslm_bw.mac

        +
      • +

        vthick.mac

        +

        Rick Fischer (Marconi Communications)

        +

        "This macro sets variable shell thickness based on thicknesses at corners of a surface. Only problem is that the attributes are being applied as a real constant. But, rthick creates r cards, one for each element, with real numbers the same as the argument. This could overwrite the reals used for the attributes, depending on how the model is numbered."

      • wfmin107.mac

        wfmin107.mac

      • writearr.mac

        -

        -

        writearr.mac

        +

        Carl Olsard (noiseboard.com)

        +

        "One command that is severely lacking from ANSYS is a simple way to export a matrix to a file, so that it can be imported into MATLAB. This script writearr.mac should be used with the companion MATLAB script readansysarray.m to export a matrix from ANSYS and import the array into MATLAB. At the moment the script is written to export 2D arrays of MxN (don't need to specify the dimensions). The output file contains the data i,j,data(i,j) where i and j are the array indices. The usage of the macro is:
        +writearr,'array','filename','ext'"

        +

        Here is the companion MATLAB script:
        +READANSYSARRAY

        +

        "This is the second part of the script, which uses the file exported by writearr.mac. This matlab script will import the file, and reshape the matrix into the correct format. The function is used as follows:

        +
          +
        1. load the file into MATLAB: load press.txt
          2. +
        2. convert the matrix into the correct format: press2=readansysarray(press);"
          3. +

      • x_bcslope.mac

        @@ -112,8 +124,8 @@

        Macros

        x_cecyc.mac

      • x_demo_vread.mac

        -

        -

        x_demo_vread.mac

        +

        Shen-Yeh Chen (Honeywell)

        +

        "This macro will demonstrate how to read in a matrix ZREAD(ZNNODE,3) in one *VREAD command. The macro will get coordianates from the current model first, write them into the file x_demo_vread.tmp, and read the data from the file"

      • x_esum.mac

        @@ -128,16 +140,16 @@

        Macros

        x_plldst.mac

      • x_shl2sld.mac

        -

        -

        x_shl2sld.mac

        +

        Shen-Yeh Chen (Honeywell)

        +

        "This macro will sweep the currently selected or assigned SHELL elements into SOLID elements."

      • x_th2st.mac

        x_th2st.mac

      • yzcurv.mac

        -

        -

        yzcurv.mac

        +

        Bill Bulat (OMM)

        +

        "Here's something I used recently (NOT FULLY TESTED!!). Edit as needed to obtain curvature in other global planes (I wrote this to obtain curvature in global yz plane - a symmetry plane in a half symmetry model I recently created). Also reports the average radius of curvature if you're inclined to ignore the speed control bumps. My intention was to make this applicable to arbitrarily large deformations."

    • -

      aPDL.syn

      -

      +

      apdl.syn

      +

      Bob Weathers (Trane)

      APDL.syn

    • ask.tcl

      @@ -101,8 +101,18 @@

      Miscellaneous

      "You will be prompted with variable name and value in a single dialouge box. Enter the variable name upto 32 chars long. Enter the variable value upto 128 chars long. Value can be numeric or string. No need to enter quotes for string. On clicking enter this script will set the variable name with the value in ANSYS properly either as a nummeric or string."

    • circle.grn

      -

      -

      circle.grn

      +

      John Crawford (Honeywell)

      +

      A UIDL function (granule file) to create circles by picking. To change the menu put the following in a menu granule:
      +:!
      +:N Men_CIRC
      +:S 0, 0, 0
      +:T Menu
      +:A Circles
      +:D Circles
      +Fnc_CIRCLEWP
      +Fnc_CIRCLEKP
      +:E END
      +:!

    • cmap_ansys_viridis.cmap

      Cristóbal Tapia (University Stuttgart)

      @@ -117,16 +127,16 @@

      Miscellaneous

      Color map file to produce grayscale contours. Use /cmap,greyscl.cmap to read this file in.

    • importJPEG1.bas

      -

      -

      importJPEG1.bas

      +

      Mark Tate (Hamilton Sundstrand)

      +

      "Here is a Word Macro that I hacked together a while back that copies a group of graphic files into Word, two per page, with figure numbers. You can change the extension from jpg to png. It looks for files with a root name and add numbers to form the full name, i.e. root001.jpg, root002.jpg, etc."

    • importJPEG2.bas

      -

      -

      importJPEG2.bas

      +

      Gary Betts (Metso Minerals Ltd)

      +

      "Here is a macro for MS Word that will count and import all the jpegs in a defined folder into Word."

    • importPPT.bas

      -

      -

      importPPT.bas

      +

      Mark Tate (Hamilton Sundstrand)

      +

      A visual basic PowerPoint macro to import JPEG files into PowerPoint, one image per slide. Edit the file in a text editor to change variables or directory locations, etc.

    • importpara.tcl

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      @@ -174,16 +184,16 @@

      Miscellaneous

      script.ps1

    • silicon.mat

      -

      -

      silicon.mat

      +

      Steve Groothuis (Micron Technology, Inc.)

      +

      Although strictly not an input file, the "silicon.mat" file contains temp-dependent properties of silicon. See this email from S. Groothuis for more informaiton.

    • tempdele.bat

      -

      -

      tempdele.bat

      +

      Bram Weisman (SBM-IMODCO)

      +

      "Caution: This batch file is very powerful. It searches the current folder and all subfolders for known ANSYS temporary files and deletes them without sending them to the recycle bin. Therefore I would recommend that you do not execute this in the root folder of any drive which has program files. It would be O.K. to execute this one folder down in a folder where you keep your ANSYS project files. Also, you should familiarize your with the list of file extensions which this batch files deletes and be sure you agree with it. Do not run this in an ANSYS folder if you plan to do any RESTART from existing results files."

    • userelement.tar

      -

      -

      userelement.tar

      +

      Roger Young (Industrial Research Ltd.)

      +

      "This package contains a number of examples of the Ansys user element <uel> which may be further adapted for personal use. The examples given here are for a 4-node planar element USER101 with linear shape functions similar to the Ansys element PLANE42. However USER101 may easily be extended to a 3D 8-node element and/or to quadratic shape functions by changing the specifications in lib/PAR.NML. In addition there is a simple extension to general large strain non-linear deformation which is illustrated in uel3/ex2."

    • wirebond

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      diff --git a/dist/resources/0/index.html b/dist/resources/0/index.html index 6904dbe..1097d48 100644 --- a/dist/resources/0/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/0/index.html @@ -97,9 +97,10 @@

      Resources

      (PADT)

      This is a handy sheet with *GET and *VGET items. A user can print this out as a reference sheet when writing APDL macros.

    • -

      051805_maug_contact_presentation.pdf

      -

      -

      051805_maug_contact_presentation.pdf

      +

      Techniques for Successfully Using ANSYS Contact Elements

      +

      Rich Bothmann

      +

      Presentation from the Midwest ANSYS User Group
      +[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 9.0]

    • 051805_maug_topology_optimization_presentation.pdf

      @@ -233,16 +234,17 @@

      Resources

      ANSYS_University_Support_Program.pdf

    • -

      ANSYS_Users_Group_Hyperelastic_Materials.pdf

      -

      -

      ANSYS_Users_Group_Hyperelastic_Materials.pdf

      +

      Analyzing Hyperelastic Materials w/ Some Practical Considerations

      +

      Paris Altidis and Vince Adams

      +

      Presentation from the Midwest ANSYS User Group
      +[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]

    • ANSYS_distributed_tutorial_8.1.zip

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      This is a document for ANSYS 8.1 distributed solvers and how to set them up, specifically for Windows and Linux.

    • APDL Coding Standards [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      "Because of the flexibility and automation APDL (ANSYS Parametric Design Language) provides, many users tend to write input files and macros in addition to using the GUI.
      There are currently no recognized ‘standards’ of writing APDL macros or input files, although there may exist standards within companies on APDL coding. The lack of APDL coding standards may make inheriting someone else’s input files or macros more difficult. Also, parameter or component conflicts may also arise when using multiple macros.
      This memo hopes to provide some ideas for groups or individuals wishing to develop APDL standards in writing macros or input files."

      diff --git a/dist/resources/1/index.html b/dist/resources/1/index.html index b02d7ab..a40cbb8 100644 --- a/dist/resources/1/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/1/index.html @@ -114,7 +114,7 @@

      Resources

      BaBar295.pdf

    • Basics of ANSYS Macros [PDF]

      -

      David Haberman (CSI)

      +

      David Haberman (CSI)

      Basics of creating and using macros (APDL) in ANSYS.

    • Bioloch_ICRA04.pdf

      @@ -122,7 +122,7 @@

      Resources

      Bioloch_ICRA04.pdf

    • Building Parametric Models [PDF]

      -

      David Haberman (CSI)

      +

      David Haberman (CSI)

      This memo provides an overview of APDL, defining parameters, and creating parametric models.

    • CADFEM05_anker_paper.pdf

      @@ -130,8 +130,8 @@

      Resources

      CADFEM05_anker_paper.pdf

    • COMPMENU.zip

      -

      Jim Patterson (Hendrickson Trailer Suspension Systems)

      -

      "I have a set of macros to generate toolbars based on the defined components in the db. You can then call these toolbars from the main toolbar to aid in the selecting of the components. This includes "select", "also select", and "unselect". You can also "remake" the components from the toolbar. As someone who works with assemblies of shell models almost constantly, this has been a huge time saver for me."
      +

      Jim Patterson (Hendrickson Trailer Suspension Systems)

      +

      "I have a set of macros to generate toolbars based on the defined components in the db. You can then call these toolbars from the main toolbar to aid in the selecting of the components. This includes "select", "also select", and "unselect". You can also "remake"the components from the toolbar. As someone who works with assemblies of shell models almost constantly, this has been a huge time saver for me."
      Tested on 5.7 through 6.1. Unzip the file and read the supplied Word document for instructions.

    • Coupling low-order elements to high-order elements in ANSYS

      @@ -147,7 +147,7 @@

      Resources

      "A step by step GUI method for creating a left or right-handed helix, in any axis, for any pitch or diameter."

    • Customizing GUI Behavior [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      "The /UIS and /MSTART commands provide the user with control over much of the GUI behavior. At 5.7 and 6.0, this has been extended to include control over the multilegend feature, background color, and mouse button assignment for dynamic rotations. Used in conjunction with the startxx.ans file, this allows the user to change GUI behavior in each ANSYS session."

    • DistributedLoad.zip

      @@ -175,12 +175,12 @@

      Resources

      EE245.pdf

    • Elastic Foundation Stiffness

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      Short explanation of what elastic foundation stiffness (SURF154) is and how to calculate the resulting stiffness for non-planar cases. In Workbench Mechanical, this feature is referred to as an "Elastic Support".

    • -

      EPFL_Tutorial.zip

      -

      -

      EPFL_Tutorial.zip

      +

      Various MEMS Examples Using ANSYS [ZIP]

      +

      (EPFL, The Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne)

      +

      Tutorials on using ANSYS with various MEMS examples. This was originally taken from EPFL's website.

    • Effect of Package Design and Layout on BGA Solder Joint Reliability of an Organic C4 Package

      Biju Chandran, Deepak Goyal, and Jeffrey Thomas

      @@ -195,9 +195,9 @@

      Resources

      A three-dimensional progressive damage model was developed in order to simulate the damage accumulation of bolted single-lap composite joints under in-plane tensile loading. This model is capable of predicting the residual strength and residual stiffness of laminates with arbitrary lay-ups, geometries and bolt positions. The parametric study includes stress analysis, failure analysis and material property degradation. Stress analysis of the three-dimensional geometry was performed using the ANSYS FE code. Failure analysis and degradation of material properties were implemented using a progressive damage model, which is incorporated in an ANSYS macro-routine. The progressive model utilizes a set of stress-based Hashin-type criteria and a set of appropriate degradation rules. A parametric study was performed to examine the effect of bolt position and friction upon residual strength and damage accumulation.

    • -

      FLUID29andFLUID79.pdf

      -

      -

      FLUID29andFLUID79.pdf

      +

      Comparison of FLUID29 and FLUID79 Elements

      +

      Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)

      +

      "Analyses were conducted to verify that similar results could be obtained by using the displacement formulated fluid elements FLUID79 or the pressure formulated fluid elements FLUID29."

    • FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf

      @@ -208,7 +208,7 @@

      Resources

      Finet_CAD_04.pdf

    • Formatting output text of results (PRxxxx family of commands) [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      This memo outlines some of the options available in ANSYS to produce and to format output listings: (1) the use of the /FORMAT statement with the PRxxxx series of commands and (2) the application of *VWRITE to create custom output. This memo outlines some of the options available in ANSYS to produce and to format output listings: (1) the use of the /FORMAT statement with the PRxxxx series of commands and (2) the application of *VWRITE to create custom output.

    • FranzChouly_LN2006.pdf

      @@ -220,7 +220,7 @@

      Resources

      GSkoro1.pdf

    • General ANSYS Tips (5.5)

      -

      Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)

      +

      Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)

      Where to get help
      Insufficient disk space
      Bulk compression mode
      @@ -237,9 +237,9 @@

      Resources

      Gerard_et_al.pdf

    • -

      HE_WB.zip

      -

      -

      HE_WB.zip

      +

      High End Workbench Tip

      +

      PADT

      +

      Taken from PADT's SWAU group meeting on performing high-end analyses with Workbench Simulation.

    • Hyper.pdf

      diff --git a/dist/resources/2/index.html b/dist/resources/2/index.html index a7da211..f302493 100644 --- a/dist/resources/2/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/2/index.html @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@

      Resources

      IRS2006_reprint.pdf

    • Improvements to Time-History Postprocessing at 6.0 [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      "This tips and tricks focuses on improvements at 6.0 on the Time-History postprocessor. (After I did this, I realized that a lot of this was already covered in the 6.0 Update seminar, but, oh well...)"

    • Jewart_etd_2006.pdf

      @@ -110,15 +110,16 @@

      Resources

      LNCS3078_Chabanas.pdf

    • Legend_Example.zip

      -

      -

      Legend_Example.zip

      +

      Bob Weathers (Trane)

      +

      Example of customizing legend with annotations. See "Read Me"file for details, along with AVI animation."Essentially, I turn off the legend and write annotations into this area. It gives me considerable control over what appears there. I have also found that I can better communicate results to my customers by, say, having a legend that's reads 1.23 mils rather than 0.123E-02 inches or by referencing drawing and revision numbers, test results, material properties, and so on."
      +"You might need to change some of the character size and line spacing dimensions in the macros. Again, though, they work just fine for my hardware."

    • LiPaperECF13.pdf

      LiPaperECF13.pdf

    • Long Parameter and Component Names at 6.0 [ZIP]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      "Starting from version 5.7, strings have been introduced to replace character arrays. Strings allow for up to 128 characters for APDL purposes, instead of the 8-letter limit of character parameters. The /INQUIRE command as well as string manipulation functions (see *GET online help) extend the usefulness of strings to retrieve and manipulate data. *VWRITE has also been enhanced to support C-format statements, useful in writing out long strings."
      "At 6.0, the 8-character limitation on parameters, components, and /POST26 variables has been removed. Users can now specify up to 32 character for these items, allowing for much more descriptive names. In /POST26, variables can also be referred to by name when plotting or listing."

    • @@ -187,7 +188,7 @@

      Resources

      MSM99_UMN_ufluidic.pdf

    • Manipulating FE Mesh [ZIP]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      "There are some special situations where a user may be required to generate or manipulate a database consisting mainly of finite element entities without solid model geometry. With some careful planning, dealing with mesh-only databases can prove to be relatively easy.

      Typical situations that may arise include the following:

      Import of mesh from Workbench Simulation or AI*Environment/ICEM CFD
      @@ -199,19 +200,19 @@

      Resources

      Marc_Halpern7CVP_mh.pdf

    • Mass property calculation methods [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      This memo covers some ways to determine mass properties of an ANSYS model.

    • -

      Material_XML.zip

      -

      -

      Material_XML.zip

      +

      Workbench XML Material Format

      +

      ANSYS, Inc.

      +

      ANSYS Workbench Engineering Data module (e.g., Workbench Simulation, Workbench FE Modeler) can import/export material data as XML files. These XML files utilize the MatML format, and this zip file contains an example. This can be useful for users wishing to generate their own material libraries in XML format outside of Workbench Engineering Data.

    • Meshing in Workbench [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      "Mechanical users have long enjoyed access to a variety of powerful meshing tools inside of ANSYS to generate high-quality shell, tetrahedral, and swept meshes. During the past several years, meshing in ANSYS Workbench Simulation has not only grown to encompass traditional meshing algorithms in ANSYS but has also developed many features requested by ANSYS users as well as integrated meshing technologies from ANSYS CFX and ANSYS ICEM CFD."

    • Nested macros, local parameters, trailing underscores

      -

      Martin Herrenbruck (Technische Universität München)

      +

      Martin Herrenbruck (Technische Universität München)

      "A macro file is a file which contains Ansys commands. If you save your macro in your working directory or in the macro directory (see /PSEARCH command) you just enter the macro name in the command line and all these commands will be executed. You can even nest macros: from your main file you call e.g. zzmacro1 which again calls zzmacro2. The only problem is that a macro could change - and you would probably not notice that - the value of a parameter you are using in your main input file. This will be the case if the same parameter name is used accidentally in both the macro and your main input. Let's see how one can avoid these nasty errors - just click on the link!"

    • OBrien-NATO-15-2005.pdf

      @@ -235,7 +236,7 @@

      Resources

      PDS_Overview.pdf

    • POW2MAT.zip

      -

      Carl Olsard (noiseboard.com)

      +

      Carl Olsard (noiseboard.com)

      "This is a simple program written in Turbo pascal which I find very useful for converting the output from ANSYS (prvar, prnsol, etc) into columns, while removing the headers at the start and between the page listings. The program is used at a DOS prompt and one types in: pow2mat col filein fileout , where col are the number of columns in the output, filein MUST have an extension .val and fileout WILL have an extension .txt. You do NOT type in the extensions, they are default. For example, you would type pow2mat 7 nodelist nodelist which would extract 7 columns from the file nodelist.val and write a stripped file called nodelist.txt . If you have several files to convert, you can use the DOS FOR command as follows:
      FOR %I IN (*.val) DO pow2mat 3 %~nI %~nI"

    • @@ -248,7 +249,7 @@

      Resources

      PRESSURE_MAC.zip

    • Parametric Studies in ANSYS [PDF]

      -

      Sean Harvey (CSI)

      +

      Sean Harvey (CSI)

      Automated parametric studies in ANSYS (generating and using parametric input files).

    • Pilsen00.pdf

      @@ -256,7 +257,7 @@

      Resources

      Pilsen00.pdf

    • Plotting Entities and Graphs in Multiple Windows [PDF]

      -

      David Haberman (CSI)

      +

      David Haberman (CSI)

      ANSYS 5.4 through 5.6 allow users to plot multiple entities (keypoints, lines, areas, volumes, nodes, and elements) in a given window. Prior to ANSYS 5.4, a user was required to plot entities on top of one another, like transparencies. Furthermore, multi-plotting also allows a user to generate graphs. The following memo discusses how the ANSYS multi-plotting feature works.

    • Postprocessing Harmonic Results [ZIP]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      "In harmonic analyses, due to the fact that results may not be in phase, postprocessing quantities of interest can pose a challenge. Users may need to review non-sinusoidal results, such as equivalent stresses, at different locations, so accounting for phase information may be required.
      This memo hopes to cover some of the more important points regarding postprocessing structural harmonic analysis results in both the General and Time-History Postprocessors."

    • -

      PressureMappingExample.zip

      -

      -

      PressureMappingExample.zip

      +

      Pressure Mapping Example

      +

      Bob Weathers (Trane)

      +

      An example which demonstrates mapping between dissimilar meshes and element types.

      +

      At the bottom of the macro is an example of how to apply the mapped results from the first model onto the second using a TABLe. The TABLe uses the second model's node numbers (sorted and stored in ascending order) to index into the TABLe. This results in a very efficient way to map boundary conditions that's fast and uses minimum memory.

    • Principles of Simulating Contact Between Parts using ANSYS

      David H. Johnson

      @@ -134,126 +135,156 @@

      Resources

      SPIE-05_Zensheu-USDC-modeling.pdf

    • -

      STI01_Acoustic_Elements.zip

      -

      -

      STI01_Acoustic_Elements.zip

      -
    • -

      STI01_Electrical_Contact_Beta_6.0.zip

      -

      -

      STI01_Electrical_Contact_Beta_6.0.zip

      -
    • -

      STI01_PDS_and_Nonlinear_Runs.zip

      -

      -

      STI01_PDS_and_Nonlinear_Runs.zip

      -
    • -

      STI01_Remote_Solution_Manager.pdf

      -

      -

      STI01_Remote_Solution_Manager.pdf

      -
    • -

      STI02_APDL_and_Vector_Operations.zip

      -

      -

      STI02_APDL_and_Vector_Operations.zip

      -
    • -

      STI02_Nonlinear_Submodeling.zip

      -

      -

      STI02_Nonlinear_Submodeling.zip

      -
    • -

      STI02_QR_Damped_Unsymmetric.zip

      -

      -

      STI02_QR_Damped_Unsymmetric.zip

      -
    • -

      STI02_Rigid_Body_Contact.zip

      -

      -

      STI02_Rigid_Body_Contact.zip

      -
    • -

      STI03_PSD_Efficiency.pdf

      -

      -

      STI03_PSD_Efficiency.pdf

      -
    • -

      STI03_Yield_and_Failure.pdf

      -

      -

      STI03_Yield_and_Failure.pdf

      -
    • -

      STI04_PSD_Postprocessing.zip

      -

      -

      STI04_PSD_Postprocessing.zip

      -
    • -

      STI05_ANSYS_6.0_Contact_Wizard.pdf

      -

      -

      STI05_ANSYS_6.0_Contact_Wizard.pdf

      -
    • -

      STI05_DesignXplorer.pdf

      -

      -

      STI05_DesignXplorer.pdf

      -
    • -

      STI05_Pressure_Loading.zip

      -

      -

      STI05_Pressure_Loading.zip

      -
    • -

      STI0603_Radiosity_Solver_Simulation.pdf

      -

      -

      STI0603_Radiosity_Solver_Simulation.pdf

      -
    • -

      STI0604_Viscous_Behavior.zip

      -

      -

      STI0604_Viscous_Behavior.zip

      -
    • -

      STI06_Undocumented_Hyperelastic_Models.zip

      -

      -

      STI06_Undocumented_Hyperelastic_Models.zip

      -
    • -

      STI0701_CMS_in_Simulation.zip

      -

      -

      STI0701_CMS_in_Simulation.zip

      -
    • -

      STI0702_External_Pressure_Loading_WB_Simulation.zip

      -

      -

      STI0702_External_Pressure_Loading_WB_Simulation.zip

      -
    • -

      STI0703_USERHYPER.zip

      -

      -

      STI0703_USERHYPER.zip

      -
    • -

      STI0704_USERCREEP.zip

      -

      -

      STI0704_USERCREEP.zip

      -
    • -

      STI0705_Buckling.pdf

      -

      -

      STI0705_Buckling.pdf

      -
    • -

      STI0706_Acoustic_Postprocessing.zip

      -

      -

      STI0706_Acoustic_Postprocessing.zip

      +

      Acoustic Elements [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "For many years, ANSYS has 2D and 3D acoustic elements, including those used to model an “infinite” boundary. These elements can be used in modal, harmonic, and transient analyses, and fluid-structural interaction can also be accounted for in these simulations.

      +

      This memo hopes to review the following topics related to harmonic acoustic analyses: basic comparison of structural and acoustic elements, modeling complex impedance boundary conditions, and defining complex pressure loading. A set of input files, which analyze the case of a simple radiating sphere, is included with this memo."

      +
    • +

      Beta Electrical Contact Features at 6.0 [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "This issue describes a beta feature at 6.0, which is electrical contact capability of 17x surface-to-surface contact elements. This new capability allows contact in thermal-electric and structural-thermal-electric problems."
      +(Week 13, week of 01/07/02.)

      +
    • +

      PDS and Nonlinear Runs [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "The Probabilistic Design System (PDS) of ANSYS provides a very powerful tool in understanding the effect of uncertainties in one’s design. The details of PDS are covered in the online help, so this memo will discuss the specific case of setting up serial and parallel PDS runs as well as performing nonlinear analyses with PDS."

      +
    • +

      Using the WB Simulation Remote Solution Manager [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "Workbench Simulation has the ability to allow the user to solve multiple jobs locally or remotely. These capabilities are defined within the "Solution” branch of WB Simulation as well as in the WB Remote Solution Manager.
      +"This memo hopes to introduce this capability, especially with regards to solving multiple jobs locally on a Windows machine."
      +(Week 33, week of 04/02/06.)

      +
    • +

      APDL and Vector Operations [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "Vector and matrix operations in APDL are an invaluable method of manipulating array data, as they provide very fast, computationally efficient means of helping the user perform pre- or post-processing operations on the model.
      +There are many ways of storing data, ranging from arrays to tables to strings. Moreover, manipulation of numerical data can be in the form of vectors or matrices via the *Vxxx and *Mxxx commands, respectively. The user is referred to the APDL Programmer’s Guide in the ANSYS online help for a thorough discussion of the capabilities of APDL, but, in this memo, a basic introduction to vector operations will be covered."

      +
    • +

      Nonlinear Submodeling [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "Submodeling is often used to efficiently obtain solutions at local areas. Although submodeling may be commonly thought of as being applicable to linear static structural solutions, it can also be applied to nonlinear and transient analyses, as well as other disciplines. This memo hopes to cover the specific case of nonlinear static structural submodeling."
      +(Week 14, week of 01/14/02.)

      +
    • +

      QR Damped and Unsymmetric Stiffness [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "There have been significant enhancements to the QR Damped eigenvalue extraction method in the past several releases of ANSYS. At 8.0, the capability of including unsymmetric damping [C] matrix was introduced, along with support of damping defined via the DMPRAT and MDAMP commands.
      +ANSYS 8.1, the material-based constant damping ratio MP,DMPR allowed users to specify constant damping ratios per material ID in mode-superposition harmonic analyses, when used with the QRDAMP eigensolver. With the release of 9.0, QRDAMP also supports unsymmetric stiffness [K] matrix, output of complex eigenvectors, and the use of the PSOLVE command. This memo hopes to cover the use of QR Damped eigenvalue extraction method in friction problems, where an unsymmetric stiffness [K] matrix may be present. An example of this type of problem is brake squeal analyses, where the combination of ANSYS 17x contact elements and the QRDAMP eigensolver provide an easy-to-use, efficient means of determining unstable modes."

      +
    • +

      Preventing Rigid-Body Motion in Contact Problems [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "In contact problems run in a static manner, controlling rigid-body motion may sometimes be an issue under the following circumstances: (a) force-controlled systems or (b) multiple bodies with some parts unconstrained."

      +

      "This memo hopes to address some ways of controlling rigid-body motion in contact problems through the use of options available with the surface-to-surface contact elements."

      +
    • +

      PSD Calculation Efficiency [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "A very common use of PSD analyses is to look at the response of a system under a single base excitation, such as the case with many aerospace and civil applications. The default PSD settings are very general in nature and may consequently be inefficient for such a situation. This memo hopes to outline some ways in which the user may obtain more efficient PSD solutions for the specific instance of single base excitation with relatively flat spectrum (although some techniques may be extrapolated for other cases)."…An older doc I recently reanimated and updated…

      +
    • +

      Review of Anisotropy, Yield Criteria, Failure Criteria [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "This memo hopes to serve as a review of the basics of anisotropy, yield criteria, failure criteria, and the ANSYS procedure related to these topics."
      +(Week 15, week of 01/21/02.)

      +
    • +

      PSD Postprocessing [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "PSD, or random vibration, analyses present some interesting challenges in postprocessing due to the nature of the assumptions related to the analysis. This memo hopes to address some of these items, including evaluation of derived stresses and calculation of response power spectral density."
      +…An older doc I recently reanimated and updated…

      +
    • +

      Contact Wizard Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Describes some of the enhancements made to the Contact Wizard at ANSYS 6.0, including support of 17x contact elements' thermal features and ability to edit contact pair options through same interface.
      +(Week 5, week of 10/22/01.)

      +
    • +

      Understanding the Response Surface Method in DesignXplorer [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "ANSYS DesignXplorer enables the user to perform optimization studies based on multiple objectives, to account for uncertainties in product design and use, and to determine how best to improve product reliability. These tasks are accomplished through the use of response surfaces, and this memo hopes to cover some of the basics of DesignXplorer operation."

      +
    • +

      Pressure Load Macro [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "In ANSYS, pressure loading via the SFx family of commands allows users to apply a force per unit area in a direction normal to the surface. Structural surface effect elements SURF153 and SURF154 extend pressure loading capabilities by allowing users to specify normal, tangential, or arbitrary distributed loading. In fact, for an arbitrary ‘distributed loading vector,’ the full or projected area may be used, with or without the tangential component of load. This type of loading can be useful in mimicking a bearing load (include tangential component) or wind loading (no tangential component), to name a couple of examples.
      +"Because of the fact that the vector-type of pressure loading can be based on full or projected area, with or without the tangential component, trying to determine an appropriate value for the loading can be cumbersome. The author has written a simple macro which can be used as an example in utilizing surface effects more effectively by allowing the user to specify the total force instead of pressure – the macro calculates the appropriate pressure value to be applied on the surface effect elements."
      +(Week 27, week of 07/04/04.)

      +
    • +

      Using the Radiosity Solver in Workbench Simulation [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Please note that in Workbench Mechanical 12.1, surface-to-surface radiation (using the Radiosity Solution Method) has been introduced in the GUI, so this memo is obsolete if you use version 12.1 and higher.
      +"Radiation can play an important role in heat transfer analyses. In Workbench Simulation 10.0, a “Radiation” load has been added to allow users to account for losses to the surroundings, although this does not include radiation exchange between surfaces.
      +For users wishing to utilize the ANSYS surface-to-surface radiation capabilities, this memo hopes to introduce an easy method to include these effects within Workbench Simulation via Named Selections and Command objects.
      +This type of methodology can be extended to include any other advanced solution feature of ANSYS which the user may wish to incorporate inside of Workbench Simulation."

      +
    • +

      Modeling Viscous Behavior [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "Amorphous solids or solids at elevated temperatures may exhibit viscous behavior. It may be difficult for some users to determine how best to model such behavior. This memo hopes to describe some available options in ANSYS and to differentiate between viscoelastic and viscoplastic constitutive models."

      +
    • +

      Undocumented Hyperelastic Material Models at 5.7-6.1 [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "From 5.7, the 18x series of elements support a variety of hyperelastic constitutive models, namely general polynomial, Mooney-Rivlin, Neo-Hookean, Arruda-Boyce, and Ogden. Four other models have been included in 5.7 onwards, although these are undocumented options for TB,HYPER. These four models consist of the Yeoh and Gent models for incompressible behavior and the Hyperfoam and Blatz-Ko options for compressible rubbers. This memo hopes to provide a summary of these material models and of the required input."

      +
    • +

      Using CMS in Workbench Simulation [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "At Workbench 11.0, the ANSYS Rigid Dynamics add-on module enables users to model complex kinematic assemblies, whereby system-level performance as well as accurate force loading on components can be obtained.
      +Although the parts in the assembly may initially be considered rigid, an interesting, related method is the use of component mode synthesis (CMS) to account for the flexibility of parts. This memo will attempt to cover a way in which users can incorporate CMS in their multibody analyses in Workbench Simulation."
      +[For version 12.0, use supplied "cms_use_v12.mac" instead of "cms_use.mac" - courtesy of D. Creech.]

      +
    • +

      Spatially-Varying Pressure Loading in Workbench Simulation [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "Workbench Simulation 11.0 allows users not only to apply constant pressure loads or force vectors per unit area but also to utilize hydrostatic pressure loads and line pressure loads (force per unit length), and these can be defined as a function of time. Moreover, fluid pressures can be mapped from a steady-state or transient ANSYS CFX solution.
      +Despite these options, there may be situations where a user may want to import a predefined, spatially-varying pressure field from an external text file. This can be accomplished through the use of a “Commands” object and APDL tables, which this memo will introduce."
      +(Week 38, week of 07/01/07.)

      +
    • +

      User-Defined Hyperelasticity with USERHYPER [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "User-Programmable Features (UPFs) are an extremely useful feature for analysts that need additional advanced functionality, especially in the area of constitutive modeling.
      +TB,HYPER allows users to include many incompressible and compressible hyperelastic material behavior – Ogden, Arruda-Boyce, Gent, Yeoh, Blatz-Ko are but some of the available models. However, for those wishing to use a customized strain energy function, the USERHYPER.F subroutine is available."

      +
    • +

      User-Defined Creep Laws with USERCREEP [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "ANSYS provides 13 creep equations for use with implicit creep – these range from the simple Norton law to the hyperbolic sine form to the Blackburn model to a rational polynomial expression, to name a few – that can be used to model a range of creep behavior for metals. The TBFT command provides curve-fitting functionality for the user wishing to evaluate creep material parameters from test data. Also, the user can model anisotropic creep as well as combine implicit creep with rate-independent plasticity to model a wide range of complex material response.
      +Despite this wealth of features, however, one may wish to incorporate one’s own creep law into ANSYS. For example, a company may have their own creep equation with material parameters already defined and validated through testing. The built-in creep laws in ANSYS assume creep used in design rather than failure analysis, so the available creep laws are meant to model primary and secondary creep – consequently, another need to incorporate a user-defined creep law would arise when a user wants to include tertiary creep and/or to evaluate creep damage.
      +This memo will hope to address some aspects of writing one’s own user-defined creep law with the USERCREEP.F subroutine to address this issue."
      +Example using Anand's model.

      +
    • +

      Buckling in Workbench Simulation [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "Buckling may be a concern for some situations, where a user may need to modify the design to prevent buckling within a given load range. Conversely, failure analysis may need to be performed when a structure has collapsed.
      +ANSYS and Workbench Simulation have many tools to aid users in solving geometric instability problems, ranging from linear (eigenvalue) buckling to nonlinear, post-buckling analyses."
      +(Week 41, week of 10/14/07)

      +
    • +

      Acoustic Postprocessing [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "Acoustic analyses in ANSYS provides insight to the propagation of sound, and both visual and aural postprocessing can aid in this objective. This memo hopes to cover postprocessing methods for acoustic problems other than standard contour and XY plots."

    • CERIG vs RBE3, RIGID184 [ZIP]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      "Constraint equations provide many useful features in ANSYS, such as tying together dissimilar meshes, representing parts of the system not explicitly modeled, or distributing loads. Two automated methods of generating constraint equations are the CERIG and RBE3 commands. Because there is often confusion over their use, this memo hopes to provide some information on differences between the two methods.
      "Constraint equations in ANSYS are linear, so they are not valid for large-rotation analyses. RIGID184 is a beta element in version 6.1 which provides rigid link/beam capabilities, valid for large-rotation problems. The latter part of this memo will cover some details of this undocumented feature, available in 6.1."

    • -

      STI07_Lagrange_Multipliers.pdf

      -

      -

      STI07_Lagrange_Multipliers.pdf

      -
    • -

      STI0802_Drucker_Prager.pdf

      -

      -

      STI0802_Drucker_Prager.pdf

      -
    • -

      STI0803_Residual_Vectors.zip

      -

      -

      STI0803_Residual_Vectors.zip

      -
    • -

      STI0804_Damping.zip

      -

      -

      STI0804_Damping.zip

      -
    • -

      STI0805_Chaboche.pdf

      -

      -

      STI0805_Chaboche.pdf

      -
    • -

      STI0806_USEROUT.zip

      -

      -

      STI0806_USEROUT.zip

      +

      Understanding Lagrange Multipliers [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "Lagrange multipliers are a general term used in different areas of ANSYS, specifically contact and element formulation. This memo hopes to provide the user with a simplified introduction to the most important concepts in using elements with Lagrange multipliers, in hopes that some of the element options and solver selection can be better understood.
      +Currently, at ANSYS 6.0, the node-to-node gap element CONTA178 and the Mixed U-P formulation of the 18x elements (i.e., KEYOPT(6)>0) utilize Lagrange multipliers, so the discussion will focus on these elements."

      +
    • +

      Drucker-Prager Models [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "The Drucker-Prager material model is used for pressure-dependent inelastic behavior of materials such as soils, rock, concrete, and powder. Because ANSYS offers three different Drucker-Prager constitutive models, this memo hopes to provide a comparison of the available options."
      +(Week 44, week of 03/16/08)

      +
    • +

      Introduction to the Residual Vector Method [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "The residual vector method can improve the accuracy of mode-superposition harmonic response or transient analyses, especially when the high-frequency content of the structure is excited. This memo provides details on how users can take advantage of this analysis technique introduced in ANSYS 11.0."

      +
    • +

      Basics on Structural Damping (Addendum) [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "Since ANSYS 5.6, there have been numerous enhancements as well as facets of the software program that have changed, including treatment of damping. This article is meant to serve as an addendum to Section 6 of the author’s "Structural Damping" memo, which was written in October, 2000."

      +
    • +

      Chaboche Nonlinear Kinematic Hardening Model [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "The Chaboche nonlinear kinematic hardening model was added in ANSYS 5.6 to complement the existing isotropic and kinematic hardening rules that users relied on. Despite its availability for nearly ten years as of the time of this writing, the Chaboche model has enjoyed limited popularity, in part because of the perceived complexity of calibrating the material parameters. This memo hopes to introduce the basics related to the Chaboche nonlinear kinematic model."
      +(Week 47, week of 05/04/08)

      +
    • +

      User-Defined Output with USEROUT.F [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "There are various situations where a user may wish to define specific type of output to postprocess — this can range from simple evaluation of safety factors to more involved damage calculations. While APDL, the ANSYS command language, allows users to manipulate results in any manner one sees fit, user-programmable features (UPFs) also provide a means for users to calculate specific output results efficiently at the solution level."
      +Example of calculating fatigue and Cap (Extended Drucker-Prager) output.

    • -

      STI0807_Viscoelasticity.zip

      -

      -

      STI0807_Viscoelasticity.zip

      -
    • -

      STI0808_Hill.zip

      -

      -

      STI0808_Hill.zip

      +

      Viscoelasticity [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "Viscoelastic constitutive models allow users to analyze the time-dependent relaxation or creep behavior of materials, including glass, polymers, solid rocket propellants, to name a few. One may view viscoelastic materials as containing an elastic and viscous component, similar to a spring and dashpot in series. This memo will introduce viscoelastic input in ANSYS and as well as cover curve-fitting procedures."

    • -

      STI08_PSOLVE.zip

      -

      -

      STI08_PSOLVE.zip

      +

      Hill's Potential [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "Anisotropic plasticity using Hill’s yield criterion was introduced in ANSYS 5.7, and the extensions to anisotropic creep and viscoplasticity were added in ANSYS 6.0. While Hill’s stress potential is most commonly used for rolled sheets, it can be used for other situations where three orthogonal planes of symmetry are preserved. This memo will introduce details of the usage of Hill’s potential in ANSYS."
      +(Week 50, week of 08/31/08)

    • -

      STI0901_Compiling_UPFs.pdf

      +

      Using PSOLVE [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Although most often used for large-deflection prestressed modal analyses, PSOLVE has other applications which make it attractive to use, especially for large models.

      +

      PSOLVE can be used for the following situations:

      +

      Precise mass calculations
      +Detailed listing of contact pair information
      +Evaluation of tabular boundary conditions and loads

      +

      Since PSOLVE is a partial solution (namely, calculation of element matrices), it is usually much faster than performing an actual solution. Hence, the user may obtain any (or all) of the above three types of information prior to running an actual analysis, which can be a valuable way of verifying model input and settings prior to solution.

      +

      (Week 20, week of 07/14/02.)

      +
    • +

      Compiling UPFs and Creating Customized ANSYS Executables [PDF]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      "ANSYS User Programmable Features (UPFs) are quite powerful means of customizing ANSYS beyond the scripting capabilities of the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). Writing one’s own constitutive models or complex loading functions or even creating a user-defined element are possible with UPFs.

      Because some users may find it challenging to get started using UPFs, this memo hopes to discuss general issues related to compiling and linking a customized version of ANSYS for Windows and Linux environments."

      (Week 51, week of 02/08/09)

    • Contact Analysis Tips [PDF]

      -

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      "Generally speaking, nonlinear analyses involving contact can be quite challenging to solve when the contacting area changes during the load history. However, ANSYS Workbench Simulation has very robust contact technology, along with diagnostic tools that can help the user obtain converged, accurate solutions. This memo hopes to discuss some tips related to contact analyses in hopes of aiding the user who encounters difficulties when solving contact analyses."

    • -

      STI0903_PSD_Postprocessing_2.zip

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      STI0903_PSD_Postprocessing_2.zip

      +

      PSD Postprocessing of Relative Displacement [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "PSD users may wish to determine the relative 1-sigma results between two points. This memo covers three methods to perform this operation, in hopes that it will give users more familiarity with PSD postprocessing in ANSYS."

    • STI0904_USERFC.zip

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      "The FC command provides users with the ability to predict first-ply failure using maximum strain, maximum stress, or Tsai-wu failure criteria. In ANSYS 12.0.1, users can also take advantage of the userfc subroutine to define up to nine different criteria.
      This memo reviews the userfc subroutine, and a sample implementation of the Hashin criterion is included."

    • -

      STI09_Damping.zip

      -

      -

      STI09_Damping.zip

      +

      Basics on Structural Damping [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      This is an old document I wrote a while ago on damping which I sometimes use. Although written back at version 5.6, it is still applicable at version 7.0.
      +"Damping is required in many dynamic applications, yet because there are many ways to include it, there is often confusion regarding the implementation of damping in ANSYS. This memo hopes to provide a general summary of the representation of damping available in ANSYS."

    • -

      STI10_Flotran_Enhancements_at_6.0.pdf

      -

      -

      STI10_Flotran_Enhancements_at_6.0.pdf

      +

      Flotran Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "There have been several enhancements to Flotran at 6.0. These changes include more robust default settings, an additional advection scheme, a new coupling algorithm, and improvements to the ALE mesh morpher."

    • -

      STI10_Manual_Calculation_of_SEND.zip

      -

      -

      STI10_Manual_Calculation_of_SEND.zip

      +

      Manual Calculation of Strain Energy Density [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "Output of elastic, plastic, and creep strain energy densities (SEND) was introduced in ANSYS 6.0, although this is limited to 18x elements in nonlinear analyses. Users whose models include core elements with plasticity and creep may also wish to obtain these quantities, and this memo hopes to review this procedure."
      +(Week 22, week of 12/22/02.)

    • -

      STI11_Plasticity_Hardening_Rules.zip

      -

      -

      STI11_Plasticity_Hardening_Rules.zip

      +

      Plasticity Hardening Rules [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "ANSYS has a wide range of constitutive models and element technology available to the user. In this memo, the basics of isotropic and kinematic hardening for plasticity will be discussed, specifically related to proportional/non-proportional, monotonic/cyclic loading, and finite strain applications."

    • -

      STI12_Cyclic_Symmetry_at_6.0.pdf

      -

      -

      STI12_Cyclic_Symmetry_at_6.0.pdf

      +

      Modal Cyclic Symmetry Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "At ANSYS 6.0, the modal cyclic symmetry procedure has been significantly improved. New commands, CYCLIC and CYCOPT, replace the older CYCGEN and CYCSOL macros and provide more flexibility and ease-of-use."

    • -

      STI65_TNT_Radiosity_Solver.pdf

      -

      -

      STI65_TNT_Radiosity_Solver.pdf

      +

      Radiosity Solver [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Information on radiation capabilities of ANSYS, focusing on the radiosity solution method.
      +Accompanying input files 1, 2, 3 and 4

    • -

      STI69_TNT_Beam_Elements.zip

      -

      -

      STI69_TNT_Beam_Elements.zip

      +

      Structural Beam Elements Overview [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      +

      An overview of beam elements available in ANSYS, including the new BEAM188/189 elements and differences between thin and thick beams.

    • Save Working Loads

      Iterative Determination of Save Working Loads (SWL) for Crawler Cranes

    • -

      Shape_Memory_Alloy.pdf

      -

      -

      Shape_Memory_Alloy.pdf

      +

      Shape Memory Alloy

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Short PDF describing differences between the superelastic and shape memory effect options for Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) material model. Simple input file can be downloaded here.

    • SolderTMC.pdf

      SolderTMC.pdf

    • Sparse Solver Improvements [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      "There have been various sparse solver improvements in each release of ANSYS. This memo hopes to cover some general information on the solvers available in ANSYS as well as performance improvements between ANSYS 5.6 and 6.0 related to linear static analyses."

    • Stuparu.pdf

      @@ -173,19 +183,19 @@

      Resources

      Stuparu.pdf

    • Surface Effect Elements, General Overview

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      An overview presentation and example workshop on generating surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed.

    • T51-01.pdf

      T51-01.pdf

    • -

      THOPT.pdf

      -

      -

      THOPT.pdf

      +

      Fast Nonlinear Transient Thermal Solver [PDF]

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Information on the fast nonlinear thermal solution method (THOPT), beta in 5.6 and documented in 5.7

    • Tabular Boundary Conditions and Function Editor at 6.0 [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      "This tips and tricks is an introductory memo on the use of tabular and function boundary conditions. The use of the Function Editor is also discussed."

    • The Building Blocks of Simulation: A New Family of Elements for Stress Analysis

      @@ -209,54 +219,57 @@

      Resources

      Tunneling-Accelerometer-Paper.pdf

    • Using Abbreviations to Customize the Toolbar [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      "The ANSYS Toolbar provides a useful means of accessing commonly-used functions, especially for users who use the GUI rather than typing in commands."

      "This memo hopes to provide a brief introduction to the ANSYS Toolbar and, more importantly, how to assign macros or specific dialog boxes to the Toolbar buttons, including Fnc_ UIDL granules or ~eui Tcl/Tk dialog boxes."

    • VectorRotation.zip

      -

      -

      VectorRotation.zip

      +

      Bob Weathers (Trane)

      +

      "These macros rotate a matrix of vectors from one set of Euler angles to another. One macro creates the rotation matrix and a second does the rotation. To test the macros, a pressurized cylinder (or optionally a sphere) is built, meshed, and solved in 6 different coordinate systems. To check accuracy, results are rotated from one CSYS to another by the macros and then compared to ANSYS. Set your text editor's tab stops to 2 for macro readability."

      +

      In the zip file, "zTestRotationVector.mac"is the test model macro, and "zRotateVector.mac"is the main macro to rotate vectors.

      +

      Update 02/07/2009: correction to zRotateVector.mac provided by David Creech.

    • Visualizing structural matrices in ANSYS using APDL

      -

      Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)

      "This article presents a method of visualizing structural matrices used in finite-element analysis using ANSYS and the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). The information is intended to provide some insight into the nature of structural matrices used in finite-element codes. Some terms used in sparse-matrix arithmetic are discussed, and methods for calculating certain quantities are provided. A test model is constructed to demonstrate how the stiffness, mass, and damping matrices may be visualized for various systems. The effect of element shape, element type (including superelements), element reordering, and equation reordering on structural matrices is briefly investigated."

    • WEP125G.pdf

      WEP125G.pdf

    • -

      Week13_TNT_Conversion_of_Piezoelectric_Material_Data.pdf

      +

      Converting piezoelectric data [PDF]

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      Conversion of material properties of piezoelectric ceramics (such as PZT) has caused many users confusion because of the difference between manufacturer-supplied data and the format required by ANSYS. This memo hopes to clarify this point and to provide users with information on conversion routines. Accompanying Spreadsheet.

    • -

      Week_11_Surface_Effect_Elements_Thermal.pdf

      -

      -

      Week_11_Surface_Effect_Elements_Thermal.pdf

      +

      Thermal Surface Effect Elements Intro [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      +

      Introduction to thermal surface effect elements (SURF151/152).

    • -

      Week_14_Memory_Configuration.pdf

      -

      -

      Week_14_Memory_Configuration.pdf

      +

      Memory management and configuration [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      +

      Memo on memory management and configuration, especially in conjunction with the PCG solver and options in linear static analyses.

    • -

      Week_16_Nonlinear_Monitor.pdf

      -

      -

      Week_16_Nonlinear_Monitor.pdf

      +

      Nonlinear monitoring [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Memo covering the benefits of the jobname.mntr file and the MONITOR command in nonlinear analyses.

    • Converting pressures to nodal forces [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      Tip on converting element pressures to nodal forces. This can be useful for mode superposition methods where LVSCALE may not be suitable.
      SI_P2F Macro and test input file.

    • -

      Week_19_tip_of_week_restart.pdf

      -

      -

      Week_19_tip_of_week_restart.pdf

      +

      Multiframe Restarts [PDF]

      +

      Sean Harvey (CSI)

      +

      Memo covering the multiframe restart capability (RESCON) in ANSYS.
      +Accompanying input file

    • -

      Week_20_Windows_File_Association.pdf

      -

      -

      Week_20_Windows_File_Association.pdf

      +

      Windows file association for ANSYS files [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      +

      How to associate database, graphics, and input files with ANSYS under Windows, so one can launch ANSYS more easily without the ANSYS launcher.

    • -

      Week_8_Structural_Shell_Elements.pdf

      -

      -

      Week_8_Structural_Shell_Elements.pdf

      +

      Structural Shell Elements Overview [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      +

      Overview of structural shell elements in ANSYS, including differences between thin and thick shells, drilling DOF, etc.

    • bbldiv.mac

      -

      Bill Bulat (OMM)

      +

      Bill Bulat (OMM)

      From the author:
      "I whipped up the following simple macro (I call it bbldiv.mac) to help assign divisions to predefined lines when you don't know their direction, but you do know their end keypoints. Useful for bottom-up modeling with input scripts."

    • beaforce.mac

      -

      Juha Tyllinen (KONE Corporation)

      +

      Juha Tyllinen (KONE Corporation)

      Macro applies pressure distribution for approximation of bearing force. See contents of macro for details.

    • beamnet.mac

      @@ -113,7 +113,7 @@

      Macros

      beamnet,41,2

    • beampres.mac

      -

      Bram Weisman (Alan C. McClure Associates, Inc.)

      +

      Bram Weisman (Alan C. McClure Associates, Inc.)

      Applies linearly varying pressure on beams.

    • bearing.mac

      @@ -129,7 +129,7 @@

      Macros

      Macro produces a bode plot using 2 predefined variables in /post26.

    • cbc_rmp5.mac

      -

      Bill Bulat (CSI)

      +

      Bill Bulat (CSI)

      Macro for defining a cubic ramp for use w/ ANSYS/LS-Dyna for performing quasi-static explicit analyses.

    • checkiges.mac

      @@ -154,7 +154,7 @@

      Macros

      Eric Miller (PADT)

      "ANSYS has a *get,,common command that lets you grab things from memory. The only problem with this is that you can't just give the *get the name of the block, you need to tell it its position (count) in the block. As an example, the 3rd value listed in a common block is at position 3 (or index 3).

      The way you use a common block is you look in the ansys/custom/include directory for the value you want to know.
      -In this case I did a search for a file that contained "/cplane" and found it in d3com.inc.
      +In this case I did a search for a file that contained "/cplane"and found it in d3com.inc.
      Looking in the file I found that the value kycpln is what I was looking for and the common block was /d3com/
      Sometimes you can just count to find out what the index is, but this block is huge and has arrays in it. So instead, I used the macro below.

      I did:

      @@ -182,7 +182,7 @@

      Macros

      Make a compound fillet at two straight lines.

    • cmget.mac

      -

      John Crawford (Honeywell)

      +

      John Crawford (Honeywell)

      "A macro that retrieves the components saved using cmput.mac."

    • cmput.mac

      @@ -210,15 +210,15 @@

      Macros

      Macro to get last converged substep.

    • coil_emf.mac

      -

      -

      coil_emf.mac

      +

      Bill Bulat (CSI)

      +

      Used to report per-turn EMF induced in predefined closed loop paths.

    • compten.mac

      Carl Ostervig (Tech Inno)

      This macro analysis iteratively structures with different material properties (Youngs modulus) in tension and compression. [STI: Please note that this macro looks at SX and SY. See BILINEAR macro for a more general compression/tension macro based on principal stresses.]

    • conts2s.mac

      -

      G. N. S. Prakash

      +

      G. N. S. Prakash

      "'conts2s.mac' macro creates surface to surface contact elements between nodal components with the default options. Only nodal components(target & contact), material number and coefficient of friction can be given as arguments. Use Contact wizard or your custom code to modify other properties. This macro is helpful when number of components in Ansys models are large or sometimes when the Contact wizard becomes slow with large db files and if we need to create a lot of contact pairs."

    • coupcoin.mac

      @@ -234,7 +234,7 @@

      Macros

      "A macro to create couples at coincident locations."

    • cpquery.mac

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      This macro counts the number of coupled sets associated with the current selected set of nodes.

      If the first argument is 1, then the macro will count the total number of coupled sets if any of its nodes are selected. Otherwise, the coupled set will only be counted if all of its nodes are selected.

    • @@ -268,24 +268,26 @@

      Macros

      This macro calculates the distance between two nodes, selected by picking. Normally this facility is available in the preprocessor only. This macro works in all processors.

    • distkp2l.mac

      -

      Wangming Lu (Impact Technologies, LLC)

      +

      Wangming Lu (Impact Technologies, LLC)

      "I have developed the following macro: Given a key point level component,and a line number, it will evaluate the distance from each key point in this component to the input line. The result is returned in an array called distk (you can change into your name, of course). While using this, pls. be careful, it is not fully tested yet."

    • distload.mac

      -

      -

      distload.mac

      +

      Nick Veikos (CAEAI), modified by Jim Kosloski (CAEAI)

      +

      Attached is a macro for applying surface loads. You have to create a file with your own equation defining the load distribution as a function of x,y,z coordinates. You can use any equation possible with ADPL commands.

    • dnsol_view.mac

      -

      -

      dnsol_view.mac

      +

      Adam Shinbrot (Spine-Tech Inc.)

      +

      "GLOBAL INFO: This macro is basically just a couple of routines that use dnsol to align two nodes (arg1 and arg2) on the theoretically fixed body, and adjusts the rest of the nodal results accordingly.
      +I needed to do this with a multi-body model where I wanted to look at the motion of one body relative to another with the motion of the first body subtracted from the global result."
      +Example input file can be downloaded here.

    • ds_JPDL___User_Fatigue_PNEN13445-3.js

      Przemyslaw Siedlaczek (MESco)

      Workbench macro solves fatigue according to pressure vessel code PN EN 13445-3 and displays results as a User Defined Result.

    • ds_MESCO_ContFrictVsTemp_APLD.js

      -

      -

      DS_MESCO_ContFrictVsTemp_APLD.js

      +

      Przemyslaw Siedlaczek (MESco)

      +

      Workbench macro adds APDL code to the contact branches to define temperature-dependent coefficient of friction.

    • ds_MESCO_ContactName_NrTypeAdd.js

      -

      -

      DS_MESCO_ContactName_NrTypeAdd.js

      +

      Przemyslaw Siedlaczek (MESco)

      +

      Workbench macro sets contact name by adding number and type ID.

    • ds_MESCO_SelectBodysByMaterial_EN.js

      -

      -

      DS_MESCO_SelectBodysByMaterial_EN.js

      +

      Przemyslaw Siedlaczek (MESco)

      +

      Workbench macro selects all bodies with the same material as the selected body.

    • dydxi.mac

      -

      Bob Weathers (Trane)

      +

      Bob Weathers (Trane)

      Calculates first derivative at the ith entry in a table.

    • e72to142.mac

      @@ -108,16 +108,16 @@

      Macros

      This is an ANSYS macro that converts solid72 elements to fluid142 elements. It defines a new element type for the fluid elements. Useful for creating models for FLOTRAN converted from other CAD packages which use a solid element type.

    • e72to45.mac

      -

      -

      e72to45.mac

      +

      Tim Lansberry

      +

      This is an ANSYS macro that converts solid72 elements to solid45 elements. It defines a new element type for the solid45 elements.

    • e92to142.mac

      -

      -

      e92to142.mac

      +

      Tim Lansberry

      +

      This is an ANSYS macro that converts solid92 elements to fluid142 elements. It defines a new element type for the fluid elements. Useful for creating models for FLOTRAN converted from other CAD packages which use a solid element type.

    • efatigue.mac

      -

      -

      efatigue.mac

      +

      Hursha Narayan (Robert Bosch Corporation)

      +

      "I wrote this macro to make fatigue life prediction in Ansys more interactive and also to plot damage accumulation in a structure. The macro works under Unix environment or with Unix utilities in Windows. The user has to make appropriate changes (very minimal) to the macro for it to work. I'm also including a sample file that the macro uses to direct the user how to input material properties."

    • elem2pt.mac

      S. Evans (University of New South Wales)

      @@ -128,20 +128,23 @@

      Macros

      "A macro which creates a file of esel commands for the currently selected elements. The macro will prompt the user for the name of the file which will be created. The default name is 'elgroup'."

    • ellipse.mac

      -

      -

      ellipse.mac

      +

      Janet Wolf (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Macro to make creating ellipses easier.

    • emf1.mac

      -

      -

      emf1.mac

      +

      Mike Yaksh (NAC Int'l)

      +

      "Example of computing the emf in a coil for a 2D planar model. The last thing on the screen will be a plot of the EMF. This macro cycles thought difference positions. Some more details on the CEs can be found in the EMAG training guides. One of the problems in the training uses the CEs for a sliding type application. Hope this helps."
      +Please see updated EMF2 macro.

    • emf2.mac

      -

      -

      emf2.mac

      +

      Bjoern Possner (VEM motors GmbH)

      +

      Updated Mike Yaksh's EMF1 macro.
      +"The older version of the EMF1 macro doesn´t account for the speed or frequency with which the magnet is being mooved under the coil. In addition, this macro has a correction with the 3600rpm value."

    • engineeringChecker.js

      -

      -

      EngineeringChecker.js

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "This file determines if the displacement for a total deformation result is greater than 1/10 of the diagonal of the geometry's bounding box. If it is greater, a comment is added to the "solution" node of the tree. The comment will tell how much greater than the diagonal of the bounding box the displacement is."
      +One of the sample DesignSpace 6 macros provided, which can be found in the installation directory. Use "Tools > Run Macro" to run this macro.

    • ensight.mac

      Renato N. Elias (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro)

      @@ -152,104 +155,119 @@

      Macros

      This macro creates a table called ERF with error function values.

    • exportBranchAsShortcut.js

      -

      -

      ExportBranchAsShortcut.js

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "When run from DesignSpace, this script writes out a JScript shortcut file that can recreate the active branch contents on demand."
      +One of the sample DesignSpace 6 macros provided, which can be found in the installation directory. Use "Tools > Run Macro" to run this macro.

    • ez_rfor.mac

      -

      -

      ez_rfor.mac

      +

      Mitch Voehl (CEC Corporation)

      +

      This is an ANSYS macro that stores and sums reaction forces for specified/selected nodes into POST26 variables. It will store the x, y, and z translational reaction forces for all selected nodes and then sum them up. Be sure that you have previously set NUMVAR to a sufficiently large value to store all of the reaction forces.

    • f3d.mac

      -

      -

      f3d.mac

      +

      Marcelo A Toledo (Multibrás S.A. Eletrodomésticos)

      +

      "This is the macro i was writing about (named f3d.mac). For example ,if you want to aplly a pressure force of 450N at 45 degrees just type "f3d,450,1,1,0". The first argument is the magnitude and the last three are vector components in the same direction of the force . The macro will ask you to pick a area to aplly the force."

    • fclear.mac

      Chris Kennedy (Think PEAK, Inc.)

      Fast /CLEAR of ANSYS database.

    • fildel.mac

      -

      -

      fildel.mac

      +

      John Crawford (Honeywell)

      +

      A macro to remove a fillet radius and connect the neighboring two lines with a sharp corner.

    • findContactsAttachedToParts.js

      -

      -

      FindContactsAttachedToParts.js

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "This file determines which contacts are associated with each part in a selected model. A comment is added to the "model" node of each active branch in the tree which lists the parts and the contacts associated with it. This macro will only work if the model has more than one part in it."
      +One of the sample DesignSpace 6 macros provided, which can be found in the installation directory. Use "Tools > Run Macro" to run this macro.

    • findFreeStandingPartsInTree.js

      -

      -

      FindFreeStandingPartsInTree.js

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "This file determines which parts in a selected model have no contacts associated with it. If the part has no contacts associated with it, that part will be selected in the tree. This macro will only work if the model has more than one part in it.
      +This macro should be used at the model level or below. It is not intended for use at the project level or for multiple levels."
      +One of the sample DesignSpace 6 macros provided, which can be found in the installation directory. Use "Tools > Run Macro" to run this macro.

    • findPartsWithNoContacts.js

      -

      -

      FindPartsWithNoContacts.js

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "This file determines which parts in a selected model have no contacts associated with it. If the part has no contacts associated with it, a check is also done to see if any supports are associated with that part. A comment is added to the "model" node of each selected branch in the tree. The comment will contain the names of the parts with no contacts and it will also show an error if those parts have no supports. This macro will only work if the model has more than one part in it."
      +One of the sample DesignSpace 6 macros provided, which can be found in the installation directory. Use "Tools > Run Macro" to run this macro.

    • fins.mac

      Mike Rife (CSI)

      This macro is used to create a long cylinder with a radial, helical fin

    • fix.mac

      -

      -

      fix.mac

      +

      Kannan Sundararajan (General Electric-Power Systems)

      +

      This macro uses the %_FIX% parameter to fix a particular nodal component after a load step.
      +For details on %_FIX%, see the Commands online help for the "D" command.

    • fixdivs.mac

      -

      -

      fixdivs.mac

      +

      James Kosloski (CAEAI)

      +

      "I have attached a macro that changes the 'next' divisions for all the meshed lines to the same as the current mesh divisions. So you can run this macro then choose /psym,ldiv,0"

    • fldsurf-old1.mac

      -

      -

      fldsurf-old1.mac

      +

      Simon Shang (Aerojet Propulsion), slightly modified by Jeroen Valensa (Modine Mfg. Co.)

      +

      Another way of defining SURF152 elements with FLUID116 instead of using AFSURF. Use component names for surface area and line as input arguments to this macro.

    • fldsurf.mac

      -

      -

      fldsurf.mac

      +

      Jeroen Valensa (Modine Mfg. Co.)

      +

      From the author:
      +"The reason for not using the afsurf macro is that it takes so long to generate the elements - on very large thermal models I have seen that method take 12 hours, where my macro will do the same thing in about 15 minutes. The way to do the coupling is to create the surf152 elements first, using esurf. Select the solid elements over which the 152's will be overlaid, and select the nodes on the surfaces of the solid elements where you want the 152's to be created. Set the type, mat, and real. Change keyopt 5 to 0 (no extra node) - this will be changed back to 1 by the macro. Then just issue the esurf command, with nothing after it (no extra node assignment). Now you are almost ready to run the macro! Just select the NODES of the fluid116 elements and the surf152 ELEMENTS. An easy way to do this in your model would be:

      +

      esel,s,type,,9
      +nsle
      +esel,s,type,,8

      +

      Now run the macro, it will automatically map the closes fluid node to each surf152 element to be the extra node for that element. It may take a while if you have a large number of 116s and 152s, so just be patient. You won't get any feedback while it is running."

    • flohgen.mac

      -

      -

      flohgen.mac

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Transfers joule heating loads from a harmonic analysis to Flotran analysis.

    • fxfrm08.mac

      -

      -

      fxfrm08.mac

      +

      Bill Bulat (CSI)

      +

      Produces fourier transform of time domain response.

    • g_mur.mac

      -

      -

      g_mur.mac

      +

      Mike Yaksh (NAC Int'l)

      +

      Loads the murx from the results for the active elements into material sets matching the element number +100 generates the macro chg_mat.mac

    • geta4l.mac

      -

      -

      geta4l.mac

      +

      Mark Fahey (Lingk & Sturzebecher)

      +

      "Here is a macro that I made for myself to get all areas that have four lines. From these areas I decide what to map mesh."

    • -

      getal.mac

      -

      -

      getal.mac

      +

      getal.mac

      +

      John Crawford (Honeywell)

      +

      Loops through repeated ASLL, LSLA commands

    • getdir.mac

      Bob Weathers (Trane)

      Returns string with current working directory

    • geten.mac

      -

      -

      geten.mac

      +

      John Crawford (Honeywell)

      +

      A macro to loop through the esln and nsle commands to select related nodes/elements

    • getface.mac

      -

      -

      getface.mac

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      This is a simple macro to group tetrahedral elements into element components based on the face number (1-4) that is exposed in selected surface(s). When using this macro, be sure that only a single face for a given element is exposed on selected surfaces.

      +

      This is useful for the EDLOAD command using ANSYS LS-DYNA when applying pressures since element faces must be used. Can also be used for general elements with the SFE command.

      +

      Feel free to customize/modify the macro for other element shapes (pyramid, wedge, hex) by increasing the number of faces checked.

    • getlk.mac

      -

      -

      getlk.mac

      +

      John Crawford (Honeywell)

      +

      Loops through repeated LSLK, KSLL commands

    • getmass.mac

      -

      -

      getmass.mac

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      +

      This is a macro which *GET density and volume of selected elements and provides total volume and total mass of selected elements.
      +May be useful for 2D axisymmetric elements, too.
      +See Tips section for CSI's Tip of the Week on mass property calculation.

    • getpathname.mac

      -

      -

      getpathname.mac

      +

      James Kosloski (CAEAI)

      +

      There exists a *GET to get pathname based on path number. However, this macro gets the current pathname in case you don't know what the path number is.

    • getreal.mac

      -

      -

      getreal.mac

      +

      Bob Weathers (Trane)

      +

      An example of how to parse through real constants which have been previously defined.

    • getseltol.mac

      -

      -

      getseltol.mac

      +

      James Kosloski (CAEAI) and Bram Weisman (SBM Atlantia)

      +

      "This macro gets the current value of SELTOL and stores it in the parameter SELTCUR"

    • gettris.mac

      -

      -

      gettris.mac

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      This macro searches for triangular elements in the selected element set. It then puts the number of triangular elements in a scalar parameter and selects those triangular elements (if any).

    • getva.mac

      -

      -

      getva.mac

      +

      John Crawford (Honeywell)

      +

      Loops through repeated VSLA, ASLV commands

    • gplt.mac

      -

      -

      gplt.mac

      +

      Eric Miller (PADT)

      +

      Simplified interface for GPLOT command

    • gscontours.mac

      Darrel Hill (University of Saskatchewan)

      @@ -117,20 +117,20 @@

      Macros

      "Here is a helix macro worked up from some xansys discussions several years ago. Several others on the list contributed parts of this."

    • helix2.mac

      -

      -

      helix2.mac

      +

      Raziel Vallejo (GE)

      +

      A modified version of D. Shaffer's HELIX macro.

    • hole.mac

      -

      -

      hole.mac

      +

      Zane Ullman (Dana Corp)

      +

      This macro is from the ANSYS Solutions, Vol 4 No 1 article, "Repairing FEA Geometry with ANSYS Macros."This macro finds missing holes after the user provides the line number from a failed VA error message. This facilitates finding and fixing holes in imported geometry.

    • horz.mac

      -

      -

      horz.mac

      +

      Rod Scholl (PADT)

      +

      Generates a big long horizontal line at specified location

    • hpkp.mac

      -

      -

      hpkp.mac

      +

      John Crawford (Honeywell)

      +

      A macro which creates a hardpoint on an area using existing keypoints

    • hsarea.mac

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      @@ -143,102 +143,104 @@

      Macros

      Note that while the 'hotspot' of volumes should be the centroid, the actual hotspot slightly differs from this. Consequently, no VSUM/GSUM is required, and that is why an undocumented *VGET is used for obtaining hotspot locations.

    • im1.mac

      -

      -

      im1.mac

      +

      Steven Varnam (IDAC)

      +

      IM1.MAC is used in POST1 of ANSYS 5.3 to read in as element table (ETABLE) items the post data required for element PIPE20.

    • im10.mac

      -

      -

      im10.mac

      +

      Steven Varnam (IDAC)

      +

      IM10.MAC is used in POST1 of ANSYS 5.3 to read in as element table (ETABLE) items the post data required for element COMBIN14.

    • im12.mac

      -

      -

      im12.mac

      +

      Steven Varnam (IDAC)

      +

      IM12.MAC is used in POST1 of ANSYS 5.3 to read in as element table (ETABLE) items the post data required for element BEAM44.

    • im21.mac

      (IDAC)

      IM21 is a general utility that is used to obtain maximum numbers of all entities, with the option to merge and/or compress entity numbers before. This is useful when creating entity generation macros that work on an existing model.

    • im26.mac

      -

      -

      im26.mac

      +

      Steven Varnam (IDAC)

      +

      IM26.MAC is used in POST1 of ANSYS 5.4 to read in as element table (ETABLE) items the post data required for element CONTAC48.

    • im27.mac

      -

      -

      im27.mac

      +

      Steven Varnam (IDAC)

      +

      IM27.MAC is used in POST1 of ANSYS 5.4 to read in as element table (ETABLE) items the post data required for element COMBIN40.

    • im28.mac

      -

      -

      im28.mac

      +

      Steven Varnam (IDAC)

      +

      IM28.MAC is used in POST1 of ANSYS 5.4 to read in as element table (ETABLE) items the post data required for element LINK1.

    • im29.mac

      -

      -

      im29.mac

      +

      Steven Varnam (IDAC)

      +

      IM29.MAC is used in POST1 of ANSYS 5.4 to read in as element table (ETABLE) items the post data required for element LINK10.

    • im5.mac

      -

      -

      im5.mac

      +

      Steven Varnam (IDAC)

      +

      IM5.MAC is used in POST1 of ANSYS 5.3 to read in as element table (ETABLE) items the post data required for element BEAM4.

    • im6.mac

      -

      -

      im6.mac

      +

      Steven Varnam (IDAC)

      +

      IM6.MAC is used in POST1 of ANSYS 5.3 to read in as element table (ETABLE) items the post data required for element CONTAC12.

    • im60.mac

      -

      -

      im60.mac

      +

      Steven Varnam (IDAC)

      +

      IM60 modifies the currently selected line set to have an orientation keypoint, which is required for meshing the lines with either BEAM44 or BEAM188/189. The orientation keypoints are automatically generated and all the line attributes are kept.

    • im63.mac

      -

      -

      im63.mac

      +

      Steven Varnam (IDAC)

      +

      Creates a spider between master and slave nodes.

    • im7.mac

      -

      -

      im7.mac

      +

      Steven Varnam (IDAC)

      +

      IM7.MAC is used in POST1 of ANSYS 5.3 to read in as element table (ETABLE) items the post data required for element COMBIN39.

    • im82.mac

      (IDAC)

      "A macro that avoids the need for repetitive work when creating areas from many closed loops of Line geometry in ANSYS. This is particularly useful when the analyst has been supplied Line geometry containing many closed loops via CAD or has created closed loops that need to be converted to Areas for element meshing purposes."

    • im9.mac

      -

      -

      im9.mac

      +

      Steven Varnam (IDAC)

      +

      IM9.MAC is used in POST1 of ANSYS 5.3 to read in as element table (ETABLE) items the post data required for element BEAM3.

    • im94.mac

      -

      -

      im94.mac

      +

      Tim Atchison (IDAC)

      +

      "A macro that makes it simple for users to apply a free moment to an area (or group of areas). It avoids the need to create "spider-webs"of stiff beams and only asks the user to enter the areas or component required and the magnitude of the moment. By providing simple access to the RBE3 command it doesn't stiffen the surface in the same way that stiff beams will and at the same time does all the setting up and implementing of RBE3 for you."

    • indctnc0.mac

      -

      -

      indctnc0.mac

      +

      Bill Bulat (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "You may be able to modify the following macro to suit your needs. I use it to calculate the inductance of excited MVP massive conductors. The volt DOF in ANSYS is not physical voltage, it's the time integral of voltage."

    • initrot.mac

      -

      -

      initrot.mac

      +

      Sean Harvey (CSI)

      +

      This macro takes in parameters to pass to the EDIVELO command for rotational input, this macro prompt the user for two points instead of 3 angles. Two point input is often times easier to enter than 3 direction angles

    • int_areas.mac

      -

      -

      int_areas.mac

      +

      Mitch Voehl (CEC Corp)

      +

      From the author: "I've attached a macro which can find interior areas (holes) in some circumstances. Prior to running the macro, first create all of your areas and then perform and area overlap or area partition to divide them up. Then run the macro. The macro will save the interior areas as the component 'int_a'."

    • invtchg.mac

      -

      -

      invtchg.mac

      +

      Peter Frei (Rockwell Automation AG)

      +

      Converts 10-node SOLID87 tetrahedra to 20-node degenerate SOLID117 tetrahedra (need to specify element type for SOLID117 beforehand and enter that ID as the parameter "etMag").

    • jb_forc.mac

      -

      -

      jb_forc.mac

      +

      John Swanson (SAS, Inc./ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      A macro to apply JxB forces on a Flotran model. "FYI, here is a macro which I wrote for a Japan User Meeting. It calculates nodal forces from J X B and applies them as forces to the model. It is only for 8 node bricks, and it has NOT been tested."

    • jobname.mac

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      Gets jobname, title, subtitle and puts in arrays

    • js_curvewrite.mac

      -

      Jeff Strain (PADT

      -

      "A macro to write output PSD data at selected nodes with the number of selected nodes varying with each run. I did the "write a macro from a macro" thing and took advantage of two fairly recently added capabilities: C formatting in *VWRITE and string arrays, mainly for the 128 character capability.

      +

      Jeff Strain (PADT)

      +

      "A macro to write output PSD data at selected nodes with the number of selected nodes varying with each run. I did the "write a macro from a macro"thing and took advantage of two fairly recently added capabilities: C formatting in *VWRITE and string arrays, mainly for the 128 character capability.

      "My macro creates a character array called p (I needed to conserve characters). The top row of the array starting at the second column contains selected node numbers. The second row starting at the second column contains GRMS values at each node. Starting in the third row, the first column is filled with frequency breakpoints; the second column over contains output PSD data for each of the selected nodes."

      This can be used as an example of writing output to a file.

    • justmeshit.mac

      -

      -

      justmeshit.mac

      +

      Prasad S. (QuEST Pvt. Ltd.)

      +

      You can change the element type in the macro as per your requirement. At present shell63 is being used for the area mesh. In this macro a muliplication factor has been considered for the bent curves, so that when compared to the straight curves, bent curves will have element edge length smaller based on the input factor.
      +If the factor is >1, the bent curves contain finer divisions,
      +If the factor is <1, the bent curves contain coarser divisions."

    • jwasel.mac

      Joe Woodward (PADT)

      @@ -249,12 +251,13 @@

      Macros

      "Below you will find a little macro that can be run to fix the more common issues with focus on the command line not behaving as expected at 6.1. It is a partial hack that needs to be run after the GUI is up, so you can't put it in your start61.ans file (sorry). It also does not fix focus loss with the picker (which is intentional) or the pan-zoom-rotate dialog (not so intentional). Those will require more than a simple Tcl/Tk script."

    • kcor.mac

      -

      -

      kcor.mac

      +

      Don Shaffer (Siemens Westinghouse Power Corp)

      +

      Lists selected keypoints in CSYS 0 and 1.

    • kll.mac

      -

      -

      kll.mac

      +

      G. N. S. Prakash

      +

      "The macro kll.mac adds the broken lines of the selected volumes. Normally some of the complex curves from the CAD software become segmented after importing into Ansys and also due to Boolean operations and require considerable effort in joining these segments into single curves. Typing 'kll' just after import would recognize and add all these segments. It works on the principle that the keypoints on edges have only 2 lines attached to them and keypoints at corners have 3 or mores lines attached to them. Hence, if it finds any keypoint on a edge, it would be removed by joining the adjoining lines.
      +"Please note, it works on lines attached to volumes only and not for independent areas or lines."

    • kpmv.mac

      -

      -

      kpmv.mac

      +

      Don Shaffer (Siemens Westinghouse Power Corp)

      +

      "Macro moves keypoint arg1 to the location of keypoint arg2 and if arg3 equals 1 merges them."

    • l_nlist.mac

      Chris Bridge (2H Offshore Engineering Ltd)

      @@ -116,12 +116,12 @@

      Macros

      At 7.0, the CMLIST command only lists selected components rather than all existing components in the database (pre-7.0 behavior). This macro provides a listing of all components in the database, regardless of their selection status. May be useful to get pre-7.0 behavior of CMLIST

    • lproj.mac

      -

      -

      lproj.mac

      +

      John Crawford (Honeywell)

      +

      Here is a macro I wrote several years ago that projects lines onto the working plane. It's a little crude, but works okay. I use it all the time to project IGES geometry onto the working plane (placed at global Z=0) to straighten lines that are slightly bent or not at Z=0. You still have to recreate your areas and all that sort of stuff, which is kind of a pain.

    • lregen.mac

      -

      -

      lregen.mac

      +

      John Crawford (Honeywell)

      +

      Recreates selected lines by fitting b-splines through points on line. Useful with some imported IGES geometry

    • lstdbdoc.mac

      Chris Kennedy (Think PEAK, Inc.)

      @@ -132,8 +132,8 @@

      Macros

      Converts 5.5 CDB file to 5.4 format (for backwards compatibility).

    • makemesh.mac

      -

      -

      makemesh.mac

      +

      John Crawford (Honeywell)

      +

      Recreates selected lines by fitting b-splines through points on line. Useful with some imported IGES geometry

    • mapme.mac

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      @@ -141,12 +141,12 @@

      Macros

      Example input file can be found here which uses this macro. In this input example, *VPUT is used to compare mapping UX, UY, and UZ from one mesh to another. This can be used to map pressures, heat flux, convection, etc. from CFD codes to ANSYS, for example.

    • massprop.mac

      -

      -

      massprop.mac

      +

      Bill Bulat (CSI)

      +

      Calculates accurate mass properties via inertial relief method.

    • mavgtemp.mac

      -

      -

      mavgtemp.mac

      +

      Joe Metrisin (Florida Turbine Technologies, Inc.)

      +

      "Here is a macro to calculate the mass average temperature of the selected elements."

    • mg.mac

      John Crawford (Honeywell)

      @@ -154,12 +154,14 @@

      Macros

      "When I want to zoom in by a factor of two I enter MG,2. If I want to zoom out I enter something like MG,.1. If I want to autoscale I just enter MG. It replots the last display, which is usually what I want to do anyway."

    • midstres.mac

      -

      -

      midstres.mac

      +

      Peter Budgell (Innovative Steam Technologies)

      +

      From Analysis Solutions article "MIDSTRES: An ANSYS macro to aid mid-plane shell stress and load flow evaluation", Vol. 2 Issue 4 pg. 14. Useful for postprocessing shells, modifies results such that mid-plane stresses (or load/length) is copied to shell exterior. Used with PowerGraphics averaging/noaveraging.

    • miners-Rule.mac

      -

      -

      Miners-Rule.mac

      +

      Larry Bryant

      +

      "I have attached a script to compute a Miners Rule summation of structural results from three different data bases.

      +

      It is not general for any case, however, one can see the logic and apply this to their specific case as required.

      +

      I also have a simple script here that can be used to dump out a table of results for an independent check of your results."

    • mk_mwrite.mac

      Matt Sutton (PADT, Inc.)

      @@ -167,56 +169,59 @@

      Macros

      The history of this is from XANSYS on the following post (search for "mk_mwrite").

    • mkweb.mac

      -

      -

      mkweb.mac

      +

      Mark Krueger (Goodrich Corporation)

      +

      "Macro to connect a single node by a 'web' of beams using an area"
      +Be sure that you have defined the beam element type and made it active (TYPE, REAL/SECNUM, MAT) prior to using this macro.

    • modeshap.mac

      -

      -

      modeshap.mac

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      +

      Plots four modes on screen and annotates plots

    • mpc_gen.mac

      -

      -

      mpc_gen.mac

      +

      Ted Harris (PADT)

      +

      Creates MPC184 elements between a master node and the other selected nodes. Can be modified for other 2-node line element types. Example of the use of *VMASK.

    • mpscale.mac

      -

      -

      mpscale.mac

      +

      (CAEAI)

      +

      Macro to scale linear material property and put into new material number.

    • mshdvols.mac

      -

      -

      mshdvols.mac

      +

      Bob Weathers (Trane)

      +

      Selects meshed volumes.

    • multp2.mac

      -

      -

      multp2.mac

      +

      Sean Harvey (CSI)

      +

      Macro that facilitates importing multiple parts using the Connection product for Pro/E at 5.5.x. Note that from 5.6.1, importing of Pro/E assembly is supported (it is a beta feature in 5.6.0)

    • multread.mac

      -

      -

      multread.mac

      +

      Sean Harvey (CSI)

      +

      Macro that facilitates importing multiple part iges files into ANSYS at 5.5.x

    • mvsum.mac

      -

      -

      mvsum.mac

      +

      Alex Ng (ASM Assembly Automation Ltd.)

      +

      Calculates total mass of selected volumes.

    • mwrite.mac

      Matt Sutton (PADT)

      Macro to write arrays to file. This macro actually uses Tcl/Tk to write another macro, which is then invoked.

    • my_rot.mac

      -

      -

      my_rot.mac

      +

      Peter Budgell (Innovative Steam Technologies)

      +

      A quick and dirty animation of rotation

    • myanim.mac

      -

      -

      myanim.mac

      +

      Peter Budgell (Innovative Steam Technologies)

      +

      The following simple animation macro has worked for me with user-set contour level values. The user indicates the time delay for each frame, and the number of substeps to plot.

    • -

      nS_From_Unique_Names.j

      -

      -

      NS_From_Unique_Names.j

      +

      nS_From_Unique_Names.js

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      In Design Simulation 8.0, Named Selections can be imported from Pro/E. However, only one surface is given a name...

      +

      "Attribute transfer from Pro/E is particularly limited since each entity within a part needs to have a unique name. That means that our processing for named selections becomes particularly ineffective since we group entities of like name (exact match only) for named selections. These same attributes can be imported as general attributes and then "grouped" by a different paradigm with the use of the script attached.

      +

      Here the expectation is that user would create a common naming structure (beginning with NS, though this could be modified with a simple script change) for the entities that would belong to a named selection and make them unique based on a "_N" suffix. N here is meant to be some counting number though it could be any unique string."

    • nameContactsByParts.js

      -

      -

      NameContactsByParts.js

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Macro to change all contact regions in Workbench to names of its contact parts.

    • nas2ans.mac

      Diego Gorriz (Skycross Engineers)

      @@ -241,8 +246,11 @@

      Macros

      GRID (nodal coordinates, note: nodal csys = 0) MAT1 (E, nu, dens supported - non temp dependent, initial value supported only)"

    • ndgroup.mac

      -

      -

      ndgroup.mac

      +

      John Crawford (Honeywell)

      +

      From the author:
      +"ndgroup.mac a macro which creates a macro of nsel commands for the currently selected nodes. this group of nodes can be recovered by running the macro that this macro creates.
      +The macro will prompt the user for the name of the file which will be created. The default name is 'ndgrp1.mac'.
      +You might check the implementation of *ASK to see if it works okay. I think they changed the way *ASK uses character parameters a few revisions ago and I may not have updated this macro. There is a chance that it will always create a file named "fname.mac" regardless of the name you entered at the *ASK prompt."

    • ndgroup2.mac

      Joe Woodward (PADT)

      @@ -250,20 +258,20 @@

      Macros

      Original macro by John Crawford, vectorized by Joe Woodward.

    • nfixdel.mac

      -

      -

      nfixdel.mac

      +

      John Crawford (Honeywell)

      +

      "A macro that removes the selected nodes that are mistakenly associated with nonexistent geometry in ANSYS."

    • nod2kp.mac

      -

      -

      nod2kp.mac

      +

      (EMI)

      +

      This is an ANSYS macro to move an existing node to the location of an existing keypoint. User picks single node to be moved, then picks single keypoint to move it to.

    • numtog.mac

      -

      -

      numtog.mac

      +

      John Crawford (Honeywell)

      +

      A macro that toggles ID numbers off and on for keypoints, lines, areas, volumes, nodes, and elements.

    • -

      pLOT_MAT_AS_TEMP_EN.MAC

      -

      -

      PLOT_MAT_AS_TEMP_EN.MAC

      +

      plot_mat_AS_TEMP_EN.MAC

      +

      Przemyslaw Siedlaczek (MESco)

      +

      Macro to plot material properties as temperatures. (Note that this macro will apply boundary conditions to your model, so save your model first prior to using this macro.)

    • p_dirlbl.mac

      Chris Kennedy (Think PEAK, Inc.)

      @@ -273,8 +281,8 @@

      Macros

      P_LOGO2 is a macro that places my company logo on the screen. You can remove that command.... unless you want it! :-)

    • p_nlist.mac

      -

      -

      p_nlist.mac

      +

      Chris Kennedy (Think PEAK, Inc.)

      +

      A special version of NLIST to list nodes in the active coordinate system.

    • vslm_bw.mac

      -

      -

      vslm_bw.mac

      +

      Bram Weisman (SBM-IMODCO)

      +

      Based on VLSM macro, created by John Crawford to select/reselect/unselect meshed volumes. Written to take advantage of vectors to execute faster.

    • vthick.mac

      Rick Fischer (Marconi Communications)

      "This macro sets variable shell thickness based on thicknesses at corners of a surface. Only problem is that the attributes are being applied as a real constant. But, rthick creates r cards, one for each element, with real numbers the same as the argument. This could overwrite the reals used for the attributes, depending on how the model is numbered."

    • wfmin107.mac

      -

      -

      wfmin107.mac

      +

      Jan Christian Anker (Anker-Zemer)

      +

      Wavefront optimization. Original link can be found here on Anker-Zemer's website.

    • writearr.mac

      Carl Olsard (noiseboard.com)

      @@ -116,36 +116,36 @@

      Macros

    • x_bcslope.mac

      -

      -

      x_bcslope.mac

      +

      Shen-Yeh Chen (Honeywell)

      +

      "This macro will apply slope BC value on the selected nodes according to the active coordinate value in sepcified DOF."

    • x_cecyc.mac

      -

      -

      x_cecyc.mac

      +

      Shen-Yeh Chen (Honeywell)

      +

      "This macro will create CE for cyclic sysmtric sector, even if the mesh on the two sectors interfaces are dissimillar."

    • x_demo_vread.mac

      Shen-Yeh Chen (Honeywell)

      "This macro will demonstrate how to read in a matrix ZREAD(ZNNODE,3) in one *VREAD command. The macro will get coordianates from the current model first, write them into the file x_demo_vread.tmp, and read the data from the file"

    • x_esum.mac

      -

      -

      x_esum.mac

      +

      Shen-Yeh Chen (Honeywell)

      +

      "Calculate and print the summary of (selected) elements area or volume, and centroid. The result will be saved in the parameter _ParName."

    • x_nfor2f.mac

      -

      -

      x_nfor2f.mac

      +

      Shen-Yeh Chen (Honeywell)

      +

      "I usually use the following macro to "extract" element force, add a negative sign, and transfer into nodal force. This can sometimes be used to get the cross-section force on the cutting face, and do a force-controlled (instead of displacement-controlled) sub-model."

    • x_plldst.mac

      -

      -

      x_plldst.mac

      +

      Shen-Yeh Chen (Honeywell)

      +

      "This macro will get/plot (reponse vs load level) graph on the screen."

    • x_shl2sld.mac

      Shen-Yeh Chen (Honeywell)

      "This macro will sweep the currently selected or assigned SHELL elements into SOLID elements."

    • x_th2st.mac

      -

      -

      x_th2st.mac

      +

      Shen-Yeh Chen (Honeywell)

      +

      "This macro transfers the temperature distribution from a thermal analysis into structural temperature load. Only pre-selected nodes are dumped. The output file name is x_th2st.tld." (Note that there is a built-in ANSYS command called LDREAD command which does similar functionality)

    • yzcurv.mac

      Bill Bulat (OMM)

      diff --git a/dist/miscellaneous/0/index.html b/dist/miscellaneous/0/index.html index b1da09c..cb15b4a 100644 --- a/dist/miscellaneous/0/index.html +++ b/dist/miscellaneous/0/index.html @@ -89,7 +89,7 @@

      Miscellaneous

      This is an XML file that can be used in Workbench Mechanical to provide 12 common views aligned with the coordinate axes. The naming convention is "Up-Axis + Axis of viewing", i.e. "Z+X" means "Z axis is up, looking in the direction of positive X". To import this XML file into Workbench Mechanical, go to "View menu > Windows > Manage Views", then click on the "Import..." icon in the Manage Views panel to import this XML file.

    • ans-history.txt

      -

      +

      ansys.net

      ANS-history.txt

    • apdl.syn

      @@ -142,26 +142,23 @@

      Miscellaneous

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      Example of use of Tcl/Tk to bring up custom dialog box to import parasolid files. This could be used in an input file to automatically prompt the user to import a particular parasolid file through a dialog box. It can be easily extended to include any Connection Kit product (ACIS/SAT, Pro/E, UG, CATIA, etc.).

    • -

      intro05.ppt

      -

      -

      Intro05.ppt

      +

      Shaping Optimization of Turbine Disk and Bearing Seal

      +

      Shen-Yeh Chen

      +

      Example of use of in-house optimization code with ANSYS to produce optimization of structures without parametric geometric information.

    • inventor.vbs

      -

      -

      Inventor.vbs

      +

      Robert SeCaur (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      In Workbench Design Simulation 8.0, Named Selections can be imported from certain CAD systems. For Inventor, this .vbs file will aid in exporting a group as a Named Selection.

      +

      "Here is the macro code for Inventor. It will create an attribute set on each selected entity (the name for this is immaterial) and an attribute in that set (the name for this is what will be looked at for creating a WB side attribute). More than anything this was a proof of concept script and does not have some of the "niceties" one might like (e.g. just adding to an already existing attribute set instead of creating a new one, or modifying an existing value if an attribute already exists of a given name in the given set). However, this script would allow you (with multiple invocations) to create multiple attributes on a given entity. That is something that an entity naming scheme does not allow conveniently. This is particularly significant for named selections, since an entity may need to be included in several named selections (perhaps one for load, one for mesh sizing, etc.)."

    • jkt.cmap

      Juha Tyllinen (KONE Corporation)

      Color map (contours) which uses grayscale. Use /cmap,jkt,cmap to read in file.

    • list of Files

      -

      +

      ansys.net

      List of Files from ansys.net

    • -

      plot33.f

      -

      -

      plot33.f

      -

    • plot7.cmap

      Bryan Baskin (Bell Helicopter Textron, Inc.)

      Color map (contours) which ranges from purple to red. Use /cmap,plot7.cmap to read in file.

      @@ -176,11 +173,11 @@

      Miscellaneous

      Colormap file to have reverse black and white with grayscale colors (dark=blue, light=red). Use /cmap,reverse_gray.cmap to read this file in

    • rotate.grn

      -

      -

      rotate.grn

      +

      Joe Metrisin (Florida Turbine Technologies, Inc.)

      +

      Here's a UIDL function (Granule file) I wrote a while back to rotate any geometric or finite element entity about any local or global coordinate system axis.

    • script.ps1

      -

      +

      unknown

      script.ps1

    • silicon.mat

      diff --git a/dist/resources/0/index.html b/dist/resources/0/index.html index e3a1fc8..5eb87c5 100644 --- a/dist/resources/0/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/0/index.html @@ -102,9 +102,9 @@

      Resources

      Presentation from the Midwest ANSYS User Group
      [ANSYS Nonlinear, version 9.0]

    • -

      051805_maug_topology_optimization_presentation.pdf

      -

      -

      051805_maug_topology_optimization_presentation.pdf

      +

      Topology Optimization in ANSYS

      +

      Brian King (IMPACT Engineering Solutions, Inc.)

      +

      Presentation from Midwest ANSYS User Group on Topological Optimization capability in ANSYS and Workbench Simulation.

    • 10.pdf

      @@ -175,9 +175,9 @@

      Resources

      3964aeng.pdf

    • -

      3rdASMO-UK-THLeeKKLee.pdf

      -

      -

      3rdASMO-UK-THLeeKKLee.pdf

      +

      Multi-Criteria Shape Optimization of a Funnel in Cathode Ray Tubes Using Response Surface Model

      +

      Tae Hee Lee, Kwangki Lee, Kwang Soon Lee

      +

      "The ultimate goal of simulation that represents the behaviour of structures is to optimize their response performances within the specific requirements and needs with respect to the design variables. The first step of the design of cathode ray tubes is to design the glass geometry, called funnel geometry, to endure the vacuum stress because it is a main structure of cathode ray tubes. In order to create 3-dimensional funnel geometry in the cathode ray tubes, higher order response surface model is used instead of NURBS (non-uniform rational B-splines) or Bezier curve because it is more robust for understanding the geometry change in finite element analysis. By combining finite element analysis, response surface model and sequential quadratic programming within the process integration framework, the shape optimization of a funnel is successfully performed and the maximum stress is reduced to almost half of the current one."

    • 51ectc_outstanding_poster.pdf

      diff --git a/dist/resources/1/index.html b/dist/resources/1/index.html index af77be9..9c62780 100644 --- a/dist/resources/1/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/1/index.html @@ -93,9 +93,9 @@

      Resources

      • -

        Ans-Mag1b.pdf

        -

        -

        Ans-Mag1b.pdf

        +

        Integrating ANSYS with Modern Numerical Optimization Technologies

        +

        Shen-Yeh Chen

        +

        "Design automation with finite element analysis as a simulation and evaluation tool is becoming more and more desired. The ability to do automatic design iteration has constantly been a popular research and engineering topic. In this article, we will show how Honeywell Engines & Systems took advantage of the flexible environment of ANSYS to achieve this goal." (Optimization, APDL)

      • Ansys_PT_EEC.pdf

        @@ -105,9 +105,9 @@

        Resources

        Artigo.pdf

      • -

        B0-8218-0988-1-03024-7.pdf

        -

        -

        B0-8218-0988-1-03024-7.pdf

        +

        An Efficient FETI Implementation on Distributed Shared Memory Machines with Independent Numbers of Subdomains and Processors

        +

        Michel Lesoinne and Kendall Pierson

        +

        "Until now, many implementations of the FETI method have been designed either as sequential codes on a single CPU, or as parallel implementations with a One Subdomain per Processor approach. This approach has been particularly typical of implementations on distributed memory architectures such as the IBM SP2. In the last couple of years, several computer manufacturers have introduced new machines with a Distributed Shared Memory (DSM) programming model {e.g. SGI Origin 2000, or HP Exemplar. In such architectures, the physical memory is distributed among the processors or CPU boards but any memory location can be accessed logically by any CPU independently of where the particular memory page being accessed has physically been allocated. As more and more machines of this type are available with a relatively small number of processors, the interest in implementing FETI with an independent number of subdomains and processor has increased. We report on such an implementation of FETI and highlight the benefits of this feature. We have found that medium size to large problems can be solved even on a sequential machine with time and memory requirements that are one to two order of magnitude better than a direct solver."

      • BaBar295.pdf

        diff --git a/dist/resources/2/index.html b/dist/resources/2/index.html index f302493..62ada2d 100644 --- a/dist/resources/2/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/2/index.html @@ -231,9 +231,9 @@

        Resources

        PAC1991_2197.pdf

      • -

        PDS_Overview.pdf

        -

        -

        PDS_Overview.pdf

        +

        ANSYS PDS overview [PDF]

        +

        Stefan Reh

        +

        A three-page overview/summary sent on the XANSYS Mailing list on PDS, beta in ANSYS 5.6, officially released at 5.7.

      • POW2MAT.zip

        Carl Olsard (noiseboard.com)

        @@ -245,8 +245,13 @@

        Resources

        PPPL-3321.pdf

      • PRESSURE_MAC.zip

        -

        -

        PRESSURE_MAC.zip

        +

        Hursha Narayan (Robert Bosch Corporation)

        +

        "I have written a macro that calculates the total force along the three axes from applied pressure. I find this macro to be useful just to make sure that the pressure I'm applying on a curved surface is accurate and also it gives a feel for the mesh discretization where the pressure is applied. The user has to basically identify the elements with a particular magnitude of pressure and save the list file (SFELIS.lis). The macro does everything else automatically. The downside to the macro is:

        +
          +
        1. Right now it only handles 10 node tet elements.
          2. +
        2. The pressure has to be uniform
          +The user will have to modify some of the fields in the macro as well as the c-shell file prescalc."
          3. +

      • Parametric Studies in ANSYS [PDF]

        Sean Harvey (CSI)

        diff --git a/dist/resources/5/index.html b/dist/resources/5/index.html index 65d189b..12f0276 100644 --- a/dist/resources/5/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/5/index.html @@ -113,9 +113,9 @@

        Resources

        alex-fem.pdf

      • -

        amg2001.pdf

        -

        -

        amg2001.pdf

        +

        Advancing Analysis Capabilities In ANSYS Through Solver Technology

        +

        Gene Poole, Yong-Cheng Liu, and Jan Mandel

        +

        "This paper will describe implementation considerations for the addition of new solver technology to a large legacy code, compare resource requirements for the various solver choices and present some comparative results from several customer generated problems. The AMG solver benefits, both in improved robustness and parallel processing efficiency will be described. The paper will also discuss some of the implementation challenges that have been overcome to add new solver technology to a large existing code. The role of solver technology in meeting current and future demands of large scale commercial analysis codes will be discussed."

      • analysis-of-reinforced-concrete.pdf

        @@ -205,9 +205,10 @@

        Resources

        Drag and drop any .db file containing a ready-to-solve nonlinear analysis onto "Run Nonlinear.bat".

        You will find that the solution will initiate in the same working directory, and you can also track the nonlinear solution graphically as the solution is solving in batch.

      • -

        benchmar_tests_on_ansys_parallel_proc.pdf

        -

        -

        benchmar_tests_on_ansys_parallel_proc.pdf

        +

        Benchmark Tests on ANSYS Parallel Processing Technology

        +

        Kentaro Suzuki

        +

        "ANSYS Inc. has released parallel processing solvers, DDS (Distributed Domain Solver) and AMG (Algebraic Multigrid Solver) in ANSYS version 5.7 in order to meet the requirements from the market."

        +

        "In this paper, simple tests are first carried out to confirm the features and capabilities of DDS and AMG for different types of analyses. Furthermore, real-life problems such as thermal stress of an engine block (7.3 million DOF) and elastic-plastic-creep behavior of an IC packaging (about 84,000 DOF) are analyzed. The effectiveness of ANSYS parallel processing solvers is also studied."

      • benchmark_1.zip

        diff --git a/dist/resources/6/index.html b/dist/resources/6/index.html index c9cc1ea..085c027 100644 --- a/dist/resources/6/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/6/index.html @@ -187,9 +187,9 @@

        Resources

        erfurt02new_detector-reprint.pdf

      • -

        estim.pdf

        -

        -

        estim.pdf

        +

        Local Approximation Estimators For Algebraic Multigrid

        +

        Jan Mandel

        +

        "We are concerned with the development of Algebraic Multigrid (AMG) for symmetric, positive definite linear systems arizing from finite element discretization of elliptic partial differential equations. AMG methods attempt to create coarse levels from the algebraic system automatically, using no or only a minimum of additional information. The basic idea of the multigrid algorithm is that fine level error on which the smoothing process is not effective should be reduced by the coarse correction. Therefore, a-priori estimates of the approximation of fine level functions by coarse level function are important to guide the design of robust AMG methods."

      • expansion.pdf

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        @@ -233,9 +233,11 @@

        Resources

        "The authors developed a method to model this nonlinear gasket by using the elements available in ANSYS Rel. 5.5 for 2-dimensional axisymmetric analysis and those in Rel. 5.6 for 3-dimensional analysis. In this paper, the concept and the procedure of the modeling is introduced. The data input is possible using a template, without using any other ANSYS commands. The whole analysis execution is controlled by APDL."

        [STI: Gasket elements are available from version 6.1 onwards, after this paper was written]

      • -

        general_Reports_rptfiles_2005-263.pdf

        -

        -

        general_Reports_rptfiles_2005-263.pdf

        +

        A DOS-Enhanced Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Through an Array of Offset Fins with Conjugate Heating in the Bounding Solid

        +

        E.M. Sparrow, J.P. Abraham, P.W. Chevalier

        +

        "The method of Design of Simulation (DOS) was used to guide and enhance a numerical simulation of fluid flow and heat transfer through offset-fin arrays which form the interior geometry of a cold plate. The basic problem involved 11 independent parameters. This prohibitive parametric burden was lessened by the creative use of nondimensionalization that was brought to fruition by a special transformation of the boundary conditions. Subsequent to the reduction of the number of parameters, the DOS method was employed to limit the number of simulation runs while maintaining an accurate representation of the parameter space. The DOS method also provided excellent correlations of both the dimensionless heat transfer and pressure drop results. The results were evaluated with respect to the Colburn Analogy for heat and momentum transfer. It was found that the offseting of the fins created a larger increase in the friction factor than that which was realized for the dimensionless heat transfer coefficient."

        +

        Similar paper can be found here.
        +[ANSYS Flotran, version unknown]

      • groothuis.pdf

        diff --git a/dist/resources/7/index.html b/dist/resources/7/index.html index 4ad9ceb..f2d02e9 100644 --- a/dist/resources/7/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/7/index.html @@ -128,8 +128,8 @@

        Resources

        The second analysis branch also has 10e3 psi initial stress only in x-direction. However, there is a Frictionless Support preventing the block from expanding. Final results show displacement basically of zero, and stress of 10e3 psi. This is because the initial stress cannot relax due to the boundary conditions, so the final stress = initial stress in this particular case.

      • instantaneous_secant_TCE.zip

        -

        -

        instantaneous_secant_TCE.zip

        +

        Bill Bulat (CSI)

        +

        Macro to convert instantaneous thermal coefficients of expansion to secant values, with example input file. (This is a zipped file)

      • jb99_14.pdf

        @@ -163,9 +163,9 @@

        Resources

        limit_load.pdf

      • -

        machdesn_pds.pdf

        -

        -

        machdesn_pds.pdf

        +

        ANSYS PDS article in Machine Design [PDF]

        +

        Stefan Reh

        +

        While this may not be a conventional technical paper, it presents information on ANSYS PDS (Probabilistic Design System), a beta feature in 5.6 and officially released in 5.7. Instead of a deterministic approach, a stochastic method provides better product reliability measures

      • marval_inzen_mech2007.pdf

        @@ -197,9 +197,9 @@

        Resources

        varwritep.mac
        write a variable from ansys in "packed"format using a vmask"

      • -

        meis.pdf

        -

        -

        meis.pdf

        +

        Algebraic Multigrid By Smoothed Aggregation For Second And Fourth Order Elliptic Problems

        +

        Petr Van Ek, Jan Mandel, and Marian Brezina

        +

        "An algebraic multigrid algorithm for symmetric, positive definite linear systems is developed based on the concept of prolongation by smoothed aggregation. Coarse levels are generated automatically. We present a set of requirements motivated heuristically by a convergence theory. The algorithm then attempts to satisfy the requirements. Input to the method are the coefficient matrix and zero energy modes, which are determined from nodal coordinates and knowledge of the differential equation. Efficiency of the resulting algorithm is demonstrated by computational results on real world problems from solid elasticity, plate bending, and shells."

      • mems-thermal-analogy-fsi-damping.pdf

        diff --git a/dist/resources/8/index.html b/dist/resources/8/index.html index e85302d..644b9e3 100644 --- a/dist/resources/8/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/8/index.html @@ -110,9 +110,9 @@

        Resources

        "This paper presents the shape optimization of an automotive universal joint, by simultaneously considering manufacturing cost, maximum drivable joint angle and part volume. Comprised of three main components - two yokes and a cross trunnion - a universal joint is a linkage used to transmit rotational motion from one shaft to another when the axes are coplanar, but not coinciding. In this research, universal joint designs are analyzed and compared using a weighted sum of three objective functions: minimization of machining cost, maximization of adjoining shaft joint angle, and minimization of total part volume. Part modeling and analysis is conducted using the Finite Element Analysis package ANSYS and optimization is implemented using MATLAB. The results show Pareto frontiers for both the flange and weld yoke, constructed using the Adaptive Weighted Sum technique. These frontiers clearly illustrate the trade-off between machining cost and joint angle; that is, to increase the joint angle, a corresponding increase in the cost of the part is required. It has been shown that maximization of driveable joint angle requires a simultaneous increase in machining cost of 4.4% and 2.7% for the flange and weld yoke, respectively."
        [ANSYS Structural, version 9.0]

      • -

        painless-conjugate-gradient.pdf

        -

        -

        painless-conjugate-gradient.pdf

        +

        An Introduction to the Conjugate Gradient Method Without the Agonizing Pain

        +

        Jonathan R. Shewchuk

        +

        This paper presents a very well-written explanation of conjugate gradient methods. It is helpful in understanding better the idea behind CG solvers in ANSYS (PCG, JCG, ICCG, AMG, etc.).

      • penny3d.zip

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        @@ -131,8 +131,9 @@

        Resources

        "This paper presents techniques for improving the quality of quadrilateral meshes after Schneiders' refinement. Improvement techniques use topology and node valence optimization rather than shape metrics. Hence, improvement is computationally inexpensive."

      • prony.zip

        -

        -

        prony.zip

        +

        John Thompson (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Macro to do curve-fitting for TB,PRONY constants for given relaxation data.
        +[STI: Note that, at 8.0 and above, curve-fitting of TB,PRONY is directly available in ANSYS with the TBFT command.]

      • Radiation article in ANSYS Solutions Magazine [PDF]

        Dave Looman (ANSYS, Inc.)

        @@ -158,9 +159,10 @@

        Resources

        skinner_thesis.pdf

      • -

        solver_2002.pdf

        -

        -

        solver_2002.pdf

        +

        ANSYS Equation Solvers: Usage and Guidelines

        +

        Gene Poole (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Discussion of ANSYS solvers, focusing on the sparse direct solver and PCG iterative solver.
        +Originally presented at the 2002 Conference.

      • spice1.pdf

        From a3250f42df61f0ff42da56ced4df9609bb2912a4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: smhrjn Date: Tue, 14 Sep 2021 07:21:36 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 09/13] few more desc --- _site/_data/resources.json | 140 +++++++++++++++++++++--------------- dist/feed/feed.xml | 2 +- dist/resources/0/index.html | 20 +++--- dist/resources/1/index.html | 32 +++++---- dist/resources/2/index.html | 39 +++++----- dist/resources/4/index.html | 12 ++-- dist/resources/5/index.html | 32 +++++---- dist/resources/6/index.html | 19 ++--- dist/resources/7/index.html | 12 ++-- dist/resources/8/index.html | 6 +- dist/resources/9/index.html | 6 +- 11 files changed, 179 insertions(+), 141 deletions(-) diff --git a/_site/_data/resources.json b/_site/_data/resources.json index 6ac9534..b317751 100644 --- a/_site/_data/resources.json +++ b/_site/_data/resources.json @@ -91,9 +91,10 @@ "description": "2522-3EN.pdf" }, { - "title": "26.pdf", + "title": "Off-Axis Loads Cause Failure of the Distal Radius at Lower Magnitudes than Axial Loads: A Finite Element Analysis", + "author": "Karen L. Troy and Mark D. Grabiner", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/26.pdf", - "description": "26.pdf" + "description": "\"Distal radius fractures are among the most common fall-related injuries in older women. Numerous studies have quantified upper extremity fall biomechanics with the goal of identifying possible interventions to reduce the peak force on the wrists, thereby reducing the number of fractures. Fracture initiation depends both on the force applied to the bone and upon the strength of the bone itself; thus, poor bone quality has been implicated as a factor in distal radius fractures. Generally, an intervention to improve bone quality (such as antiresorptive therapy) is considered successful if bone mineral density (BMD) can be increased by 2-4%.\nCadaver and finite element studies have previously quantified the force required to cause a distal radius fracture. To date, however, only simple axial loads on the radius have been considered. Because most falls onto the hands result in off-axis loads, we considered the possibility that a combination of loading modes would significantly influence the fracture strength of the distal radius. Here, we used a validated finite element model of the distal radius, scaphoid, and lunate, to explore the effects of loading direction and changes in BMD on predicted fracture strength.\"\n[ANSYS Structural, version 10.0]" }, { "title": "3-Dimensional thermal analysis and active cooling of short-length high-power fiber lasers", @@ -159,9 +160,10 @@ "description": "98-102.pdf" }, { - "title": "A23417.pdf", + "title": "Developing The Basis For Target Injection And Tracking In Inertial Fusion Energy Power Plants", + "author": "D.T. Goodin, C.R. Gibson, R.W. Petzoldt, N.P. Siegel, L. Thompson, A. Nobile, G.E. Besenbruch, K.R.", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/A23417.pdf", - "description": "A23417.pdf" + "description": "The use of ANSYS's thermal and CFD capabilities to analyze the target injection and tracking of an Inertial Fusion Energy power plant" }, { "title": "ANSYS Cast Iron Material Model Matches Experimental Data", @@ -204,9 +206,10 @@ "description": "\"Because of the flexibility and automation APDL (ANSYS Parametric Design Language) provides, many users tend to write input files and macros in addition to using the GUI.\nThere are currently no recognized ‘standards’ of writing APDL macros or input files, although there may exist standards within companies on APDL coding. The lack of APDL coding standards may make inheriting someone else’s input files or macros more difficult. Also, parameter or component conflicts may also arise when using multiple macros.\nThis memo hopes to provide some ideas for groups or individuals wishing to develop APDL standards in writing macros or input files.\"" }, { - "title": "ARTICLE1.pdf", + "title": "Transient Thermal Analysis of Spot Welding Electrodes", + "author": "K. S. Yeung, P. H. Thornton", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/ARTICLE1.pdf", - "description": "ARTICLE1.pdf" + "description": "\"The accurate thermal simulation of a spot welding electrode cap could permit critical design parameters to be identified for improved electrode life. In this study, a parametric model has been developed to predict the transient thermal behavior of a typical spot welding electrode cap. The model employs the technique of conjugate heat transfer analysis to avoid the problem of estimating a value for the heat transfer coefficient that arises with conventional heat transfer analysis.\"" }, { "title": "Anisotropic Plasticity and Failure Prediction in Wood Composites", @@ -226,9 +229,10 @@ "description": "Ansys_PT_EEC.pdf" }, { - "title": "Artigo.pdf", + "title": "Design and Implementation of a Flow Microsensor by using Silicon Microelectronics Technology", + "author": "Roberto Rodrigues and Rogerio Furlan", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/Artigo.pdf", - "description": "Artigo.pdf" + "description": "\"This work presents the design of a gas flow microsensor that was implemented by using silicon microelectronics technology. Its main features are a low power consumption (tens of mW) and the possibility of integration in flow microactuators. It was adopted a calorimetric device with free-standing microfilaments and thermoresistive sensor elements. Analytical and numerical modeling were developed for device analyses and design. The free-standing microfilaments were fabricated using surface micromachining. Characteristic curves, of output voltage vs. flow, were obtained by using a commercial flow sensor for calibration. A good agreement was obtained comparing the flow microsensor experimental characteristic curves with numerical simulation results.\"" }, { "title": "An Efficient FETI Implementation on Distributed Shared Memory Machines with Independent Numbers of Subdomains and Processors", @@ -367,9 +371,10 @@ "description": "FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf" }, { - "title": "Finet_CAD_04.pdf", + "title": "Biomechanical Interaction Between Cap Thickness, Lipid Core Composition and Blood Pressure in Vulnerable Coronary Plaque: Impact on Stability or Insta", + "author": "Gerard Finet, Jacques Ohayon and Gilles Rioufo", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/Finet_CAD_04.pdf", - "description": "Finet_CAD_04.pdf" + "description": "\"A ‘thin’ fibrous cap atheroma is the typical morphological characteristic of vulnerable plaque. Yet the very pathological studies that have provided these descriptions have also shown the actual prediction of plaque rupture to be rather less exact. Other relevant characteristics must be involved in the mechanisms of plaque rupture—blood pressure loading (P) and the material properties of the soft atheromatous core—as predictors of the distribution of the peak circumferential stress (PCS) locations.\"\n[ANSYS Structural, version 5.7]" }, { "title": "Formatting output text of results (PRxxxx family of commands) [PDF]", @@ -378,9 +383,10 @@ "description": "This memo outlines some of the options available in ANSYS to produce and to format output listings: (1) the use of the /FORMAT statement with the PRxxxx series of commands and (2) the application of *VWRITE to create custom output. This memo outlines some of the options available in ANSYS to produce and to format output listings: (1) the use of the /FORMAT statement with the PRxxxx series of commands and (2) the application of *VWRITE to create custom output." }, { - "title": "FranzChouly_LN2006.pdf", + "title": "Simulation of the Retroglossal Fluid-Structure Interaction During Obstructive Sleep Apnea", + "author": "Franz Chouly, Annemie Van Hirtum, Pierre-Yves Lagr´ee, Jean-Roch Paoli, Xavier Pelorson, and Yohan P", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/FranzChouly_LN2006.pdf", - "description": "FranzChouly_LN2006.pdf" + "description": "\"A method for computing the interaction between the airflow and the soft tissue during an Obstructive Apnea is presented. It is based on simplifications of the full continuum formulation (Navier- Stokes and finite elasticity) to ensure computation time compatible with clinical applications. Linear elasticity combined with a precomputation method allows fast prediction of the tissue deformation, while an asymptotic formulation of the full Navier-Stokes equations (Reduced Navier- Stokes/Prandtl equations) has been chosen for the flow. The accuracy of the method has already been assessed experimentally. Then, simulations of the complete collapsus at the retroglossal level in the upper airway have been carried out, on geometries extracted from pre-operative radiographies of two apneic patients. Post-operative geometries have been also used to check qualitatively if the predictions from the simulations are in agreement with the effects of the surgery.\"\n[ANSYS Structural, version unspecified]" }, { "title": "GSkoro1.pdf", @@ -394,9 +400,10 @@ "description": "Where to get help \n Insufficient disk space \n Bulk compression mode \n Choice of solver \n Element Normals \n Boolean operations on solid models \n Meshing \n Loading an array from a file \n Using ETABLE and extracting the results to an array \n Output when using the GUI \n Generating editable WMF figures " }, { - "title": "Gerard_et_al.pdf", + "title": "A 3D Dynamical Biomechanical Tongue Model to Study Speech Motor Control", + "author": "Jean-Michel Gérard, Reiner Wilhelms-Tricarico, Pascal Perrier & Yohan Payan", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/Gerard_et_al.pdf", - "description": "Gerard_et_al.pdf" + "description": "\"A 3D biomechanical dynamical model of human tongue is presented, that is elaborated in the aim to test hypotheses about speech motor control. Tissue elastic properties are accounted for in Finite Element Modeling (FEM). The FEM mesh was designed in order to facilitate the implementation of muscle arrangement within the tongue. Therefore, its structure was determined on the basis of accurate anatomical data about the tongue. Mechanically, the hypothesis of hyperelasticity was adopted with the Mooney-Rivlin formulation of the strain energy function. Muscles are modeled as general force generators that act on anatomically specified sets of nodes of the FEM structure. The 8 muscles that are known to be largely involved in the production of basic speech movements are modeled. The model and the solving of the Lagrangian equations of movement are implemented using the ANSYS™ software. Simulations of the influence of muscle activations onto the tongue shape are presented and analyzed.\"" }, { "title": "High End Workbench Tip", @@ -405,9 +412,10 @@ "description": "Taken from PADT's SWAU group meeting on performing high-end analyses with Workbench Simulation." }, { - "title": "Hyper.pdf", + "title": "On Stress Analysis For a Hyperelastic Material [PDF]", + "author": "Xiao-Yan Gong and Riyand Moe", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/Hyper.pdf", - "description": "Hyper.pdf" + "description": "Paper using ANSYS 5.5 for characterizing hyperelastic materials with Mooney-Rivlin" }, { "title": "IEEE00_LGC_umirror.pdf", @@ -452,9 +460,10 @@ "description": "Jewart_etd_2006.pdf" }, { - "title": "LNCS3078_Chabanas.pdf", + "title": "Comparison of Linear and Non-linear Soft Tissue Models with Post-operative CT Scan in Maxillofacial Surgery", + "author": "Matthieu Chabanas, Yohan Payan, Christophe Marecaux, Pascal Swider, and Franck Boutault", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/LNCS3078_Chabanas.pdf", - "description": "LNCS3078_Chabanas.pdf" + "description": "\"A Finite Element model of the face soft tissue is proposed to simulate the morphological outcomes of maxillofacial surgery. Three modelling options are implemented: a linear elastic model with small and large deformation hypothesis, and an hyperelastic Mooney-Rivlin model. An evaluation procedure based on a qualitative and quantitative comparison of the simulations with a post-operative CT scan is detailed. It is then applied to one clinical case to evaluate the differences between the three models, and with the actual patient morphology. First results shows in particular that for a “simple” clinical procedure where stress is less than 20%, a linear model seams sufficient for a correct modelling.\"" }, { "title": "Legend_Example.zip", @@ -479,9 +488,10 @@ "description": "M3302.pdf" }, { - "title": "MEP_2005.pdf", + "title": "Non-Linear Elastic Properties of the Lingual and Facial Tissues Assessed by Indentation Technique: Application to the Biomechanics of Speech Production", + "author": "J.M. Gerard, J. Ohayon, V. Luboz, P. Perrier, Y. Paya", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/MEP_2005.pdf", - "description": "MEP_2005.pdf" + "description": "\"This paper aims at characterizing the mechanical behavior of two human anatomical structures, namely the tongue and the cheek. For this, an indentation experiment was provided, by measuring the mechanical response of tongue and cheek tissues removed from the fresh cadaver of a 74 year old woman. Non-linear relationships were observed between the force applied to the tissues and the corresponding displacements. To infer the mechanical constitutive laws from these measurements, a finite element (FE) analysis was provided. This analysis aimed at simulating the indentation experiment. An optimization process was used to determine the FE constitutive laws that provided the non-linear force/displacements observed during the indentation experiments. The tongue constitutive law was used for simulations provided by a 3D FE biomechanical model of the human tongue. This dynamical model was designed to study speech production. Given a set of tongue muscular commands, which levels correspond to the force classically measured during speech production, the FE model successfully simulated the main tongue movements observed during speech data.\"\n[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 5.7]" }, { "title": "MICROtec2000.pdf", @@ -539,9 +549,10 @@ "description": "MSM99_LIMMS_piezo.pdf" }, { - "title": "MSM99_RITS_upump.pdf", + "title": "Numerical Simulations of Flat-walled Diffuser Elements for Valveless Micropumps [PDF]", + "author": "Anders Olsson, Goran Stemme, and Erik Stemme", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/MSM99_RITS_upump.pdf", - "description": "MSM99_RITS_upump.pdf" + "description": "Use of ANSYS/Flotran for analysis of micropump. (MEMS)" }, { "title": "MSM99_ULM_cvd.pdf", @@ -589,19 +600,22 @@ "description": "\"A macro file is a file which contains Ansys commands. If you save your macro in your working directory or in the macro directory (see /PSEARCH command) you just enter the macro name in the command line and all these commands will be executed. You can even nest macros: from your main file you call e.g. zzmacro1 which again calls zzmacro2. The only problem is that a macro could change - and you would probably not notice that - the value of a parameter you are using in your main input file. This will be the case if the same parameter name is used accidentally in both the macro and your main input. Let's see how one can avoid these nasty errors - just click on the link!\"" }, { - "title": "OBrien-NATO-15-2005.pdf", + "title": "Evaluation of Acoustic Propagation Paths into the Human Head", + "author": "William D. O’Brien, Jr. and Yuhui Liu", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/OBrien-NATO-15-2005.pdf", - "description": "OBrien-NATO-15-2005.pdf" + "description": "\"The overall goal has been to develop an acoustic wave propagation model using well-understood and documented computational techniques that track and quantify an air-borne incident acoustic wave propagated around, into and in the human head. This model serves as a computational tool to elucidate the acoustic wave propagation around, into and in the human head. Specifically, the model determines two features: (1) alternate acoustic propagation paths to the cochlear shell that exist besides the normal air-borne acoustic propagation path (eardrum-ossical path) through the auditory canal and (2) sound pressure amplitude in the cochlear shell (relative to the air-borne sound pressure amplitude) via the alternate propagation paths. A 3D finite-element solid mesh was constructed using a digital image database of an adult male head. Coupled acoustic-mechanical finite-element analysis (FEA) was used to model the wave propagation through the fluid-solid-fluid media.\"\n[ANSYS Acoustics, version 6.1]" }, { - "title": "Ohayon_BACAS_05.pdf", + "title": "A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Stress Distribution in a Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque: In-Vivo Prediction of Plaque Rupture Location", + "author": "Jacques Ohayon, Gérard Finet, François Treyve, Gilles Rioufol and Olivier Dubreuil", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/Ohayon_BACAS_05.pdf", - "description": "Ohayon_BACAS_05.pdf" + "description": "\"This paper aims at predicting the plaque rupture location of one patient with stable angina and scheduled to undergo percutaneous coronary intervention. The peak circumferential stress (PCS) is considered as the determining biomechanical factor in the mechanisms leading to rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque and is often used as a predictor of atherosclerotic plaque rupture location. Up to now, to define the site of PCS concentrations, twodimensional (2D) finite element (FE) analyses were performed on the smallest luminal cross-sectional area of the coronary plaque. In-vivo three-dimensional (3D) FE modeling of atherosclerotic coronaries may be very valuable and more accurate than the 2D FE analysis in helping cardiologists evaluate the risk of spontaneous plaque rupture in a patient. In this work, the performances of the 2D and 3D FE approaches have been compared and the limits of the 2D structural analysis has been pointed out.\"\n[ANSYS Structural, version 8.0]" }, { - "title": "PA-27.pdf", + "title": "The Control Of The Thermal Environment Of Perimeter Spaces In Buildings To Prevent Cold Drafts", + "author": "Yuji Hukushima, Yasuo Utsumi, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Yoshimi Ishikawa, Mitsuo Suzuki, And Tatsuya Yamash", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/PA-27.pdf", - "description": "PA-27.pdf" + "description": "\"This paper is focused on the evaluation of simulation system using the experiment result and the configuration of pericounter which is the part of counter unit setting at bottom of window side with heat panel to avoid the influence of cold draft, utilizing simulation system. The simulation shows similar flow pattern to full scale experiment and consequent simulations indicate that cold draft does not flow into interior zone when the heat generation rate exceeds heat loss from the window in most cases. When the heat generation portion is 75% of heat loss from the window, some cases which have certain configuration of pericounter successfully avoids the influence of draft without fan.\"" }, { "title": "PAC1991_2197.pdf", @@ -989,9 +1003,10 @@ "description": "\"There have been various sparse solver improvements in each release of ANSYS. This memo hopes to cover some general information on the solvers available in ANSYS as well as performance improvements between ANSYS 5.6 and 6.0 related to linear static analyses.\"" }, { - "title": "Stuparu.pdf", + "title": "Human Heart Valves. Hyperelastic Material Modeling", + "author": "Mihai Stuparu", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/Stuparu.pdf", - "description": "Stuparu.pdf" + "description": "\"Performing a finite element analysis (FEA) on a hyperelastic material is difficult due to nonlinearity, large deformation, and material instability. This paper provides a brief review of the hyperelastic theory and discusses several important issues that should be addressed when using ANSYS. Analysis on a fatigue specimen is used as an example of one of our product development challenges upon which these issues were illuminated. We believe that a stable material model in combination with a good understanding of structural instability for traditional materials is the key to success in simulating hyperelastic materials using ANSYS.\"" }, { "title": "Surface Effect Elements, General Overview", @@ -1029,9 +1044,10 @@ "description": "\"Recent advances in finite element techniques and design optimization integration technologies along with the parallel hardware and software evolution have directed the CMS group to turn its attention to utilizing \"of the shelf\"technology of achieving the same goals. Thus, the \"Z-mat\"and \"Z-Optim\"packages from Northwest Numerics, Inc., have been utilized to extract the non-linear constitutive response from the available experimental data in an integrated and automated manner and in conjunction with the ANSYS/Mechanical infrastructure. The automation lies on the fact that the process automatically generates the code of a \"USERMAT\"subroutine that it can be subsequently used with any geometry and loading specification definable within the limits of ANSYS' non-linear element library. The geometry of the single notched specimen of NRL's In Plane has been used for developing and verifying the process.\"" }, { - "title": "Tracqui_AB_04.pdf", + "title": "Transmission of Mechanical Stresses within the Cytoskeleton of Adherent Cells: a Theoretical Analysis Based on a Multi-Component Cell Model", + "author": "Philippe Tracqui and Jacques Ohayon", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/Tracqui_AB_04.pdf", - "description": "Tracqui_AB_04.pdf" + "description": "\"We investigate here the spatial distributions of intracellular stresses when adherent cells are probed by magnetic twisting cytometry. The influence of the cell nucleus stiffness on the simulated nonlinear torque-bead rotation response is analyzed by considering a finite element multi-component cell model in which the cell and its nucleus are considered as different hyperelastic materials. We additionally take into account the mechanical properties of the basal cell cortex, which can be affected by the interaction of the basal cell membrane with the extracellular substrate. In agreement with data obtained on epithelial cells, the simulated behaviour of the cell model relates the hyperelastic response observed at the entire cell scale to the distribution of stresses and strains within the nucleus and the cytoskeleton, up to cell adhesion areas. These results, which indicate how mechanical forces are transmitted at distant points through the cytoskeleton, are compared to recent data imaging the highly localized distribution of intracellular stresses.\"[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 6.0]" }, { "title": "Tu.4.7.4.pdf", @@ -1115,9 +1131,10 @@ "description": "Overview of structural shell elements in ANSYS, including differences between thin and thick shells, drilling DOF, etc." }, { - "title": "a020.pdf", + "title": "Patient Specific Spine Models - Development Of A Laboratory Intervertebral Disc For Validation Of The Models", + "author": "A. Mohsen, D. J. Siddall, P. Gillespie, S. Julian and M. J. Fagan ", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/a020.pdf", - "description": "a020.pdf" + "description": "\"This research project is aimed at evaluating the feasibility of the modelling technique through the development of an artificial validation spine. The validation spine will be tested under controlled laboratory conditions and the results used to verify those found from analysis of the computer model. The intervertebral disc is the most critical component in the spine. Thus, the initial aim of this research was to develop a representative artificial disc. Concurrent development of a finite element model of the disc permits development theories to be analysed and laboratory results to be verified.\"" }, { "title": "Clustering Results Around Peaks for Full-Harmonic Analyses in ANSYS", @@ -1137,9 +1154,10 @@ "description": "ahieke.pdf" }, { - "title": "alex-fem.pdf", + "title": "Finite Element Analysis To Investigate The Significance Of Functional Gradients In Dental Restorations [PDF]", + "author": "Tan Kok Wai, Alex and Anand Asundi", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/alex-fem.pdf", - "description": "alex-fem.pdf" + "description": "Use of SOLID46 element." }, { "title": "Advancing Analysis Capabilities In ANSYS Through Solver Technology", @@ -1188,9 +1206,10 @@ "description": "ansys_news_1996_3.pdf" }, { - "title": "ansys_nitinol_paper.pdf", + "title": "User Implemented Nitinol Material Model in ANSYS", + "author": "Peter R. Barrett and Daniel Fridline", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/ansys_nitinol_paper.pdf", - "description": "ansys_nitinol_paper.pdf" + "description": "\"Nitinol is an acronym for NIckel TItanium Naval Ordinance Laboratory since the alloy was originally developed at the Naval Lab. It is used to describe a family of materials, which contain a nearly equal mixture of nickel and titanium. Nitinol alloys are attractive to the medical device industry because they are biocompatible and when processed correctly, are at their optimum superelastic behavior at body temperature.\n\"Nitinol exhibits a different stress-strain curve for loading and unloading that cannot be modeled with existing material models in ANSYS. This paper describes the implementation of a unique user material model in ANSYS that simulates the nitinol superelastic behavior. Example analyses are provided demonstrating the application of this material model for medical implant devices called stents.\"[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]\nNote that TB,SMA allows users to access built-in shape memory alloy constitutive model in ANSYS. " }, { "title": "ansys_short_course.pdf", @@ -1294,9 +1313,10 @@ "description": "bzahn_ball_via_fatigue_paper.pdf" }, { - "title": "cardiovascular.pdf", + "title": "Use Of Finite Element Analysis To Simulate The Hyperelastic Behaviour Of Cardiovascular Tissue [PDF]", + "author": "S. Daly, P.J. Prendergast, F. Dolan, T.C. Lee", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/cardiovascular.pdf", - "description": "cardiovascular.pdf" + "description": "Examination of Mooney-Rivlin." }, { "title": "cj21-wai.pdf", @@ -1316,9 +1336,10 @@ "description": "\"In this paper, an overall mesh smoothing scheme is presented for meshes consisting of triangular, quadrilateral, or mixed triangular and quadrilateral elements. This paper describes an efficient and robust combination of constrained Laplacian smoothing together with an optimization-based smoothing algorithm.\"" }, { - "title": "comparison_of_biomechanical_breast_models.pdf", + "title": "The Comparison of Biomechanical Breast Models: Initial Results", + "author": "C. Tanner, J.A. Schnabel, A. Castellano Smith, L.I. Sonoda, D.L.G. Hill, D.J. Hawkes, A. Degenhard", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/comparison_of_biomechanical_breast_models.pdf", - "description": "comparison_of_biomechanical_breast_models.pdf" + "description": "\"We present initial results from evaluating the accuracy with which biomechanical breast models based on finite element methods can predict the displacements of tissue within the breast. We investigate the influence of different tissue elasticity values, Poisson’s ratios, boundary conditions, finite element solvers and mesh resolutions on one data set. MR images were acquired before and after compressing a volunteer’s breast gently. These images were aligned using a 3D non-rigid registration algorithm. The boundary conditions (surface displacements) were derived from the result of the non-rigid registration or by assuming no patient motion at the posterior or medial side. Three linear and two non-linear elastic material models were tested.\"" }, { "title": "compressive.pdf", @@ -1464,9 +1485,10 @@ "description": "fiber_concrete.pdf" }, { - "title": "finite-element-levator.pdf", + "title": "Subject Specific Finite Element Modelling of the Levator Ani", + "author": "Su-Lin Lee1, Ara Darzi, Guang-Zhong Yang", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/finite-element-levator.pdf", - "description": "finite-element-levator.pdf" + "description": "\"Understanding of the dynamic behaviour of the levator ani is important to the assessment of pelvic floor dysfunction. Whilst shape modelling allows the depiction of 3D morphological variation of the levator ani between different patient groups, it is insufficient to determine the underlying behaviour of how the muscle deforms during contraction and strain. The purpose of this study is to perform a subject specific finite element analysis of the levator ani with open access magnetic resonance imaging. The method is based on a Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic model and permits dynamic study of subjects under natural physiological loadings. The value of the proposed modelling framework is demonstrated with dynamic 3D data from nulliparous, female subjects\"[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]" }, { "title": "finite_element_analysis_of_crowning_caps.pdf", @@ -1479,14 +1501,16 @@ "description": "finite_element_based_solder_joint_fatigue.pdf" }, { - "title": "flotran_chills_out.pdf", + "title": "FLOTRAN Chills Out Hot Aerospace Electronics", + "author": "Mark Troscinski, Jiang Guangnan, Zhang Minyi", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/flotran_chills_out.pdf", - "description": "flotran_chills_out.pdf" + "description": "Examples of use of Flotran for electronics applications.\nFrom ANSYS Solutions, Vol. 4 Number 2." }, { - "title": "fp8542.pdf", + "title": "A Finite Element Model For Pre- And Post-Test Calculations of the FOREVER-Experiments", + "author": "H. G. Willschuetz, E. Altstadt, F. P. Weiss, B. R. Sehgal", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/fp8542.pdf", - "description": "fp8542.pdf" + "description": "\"An axis-symmetric Finite Element (FE) model is developed based on the multi-purpose code ANSYS/Multiphysics. Using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) module the temperature field within the melt pool and within the vessel wall is evaluated. The transient structural mechanical calculations are then performed applying a creep model which takes into account large temperature, stress and strain variations.\" (Document 2)" }, { "title": "frequency_response.pdf", @@ -1572,9 +1596,10 @@ "description": "Example of the use of complex impedance at a surface, which is a new feature in version 13.0 (for 3D FLUID30, FLUID220, FLUID221 acoustic elements). This is a radiating monopole source. Comparison with infinite FLUID130 shows same results with appropriate value of SF,,IMPD defined." }, { - "title": "implant_stent.pdf", + "title": "Finite Element Method Analysis Of Non-Linear Behaviour Of Implants And Stents [PDF]", + "author": "J. Awrejcewicz, M. Ciach, K. Wlodarczyk", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/implant_stent.pdf", - "description": "implant_stent.pdf" + "description": "Example of using ANSYS for stent application (Mooney-Rivlin and kinematic hardening plasticity)." }, { "title": "inistate.zip", @@ -1589,9 +1614,10 @@ "description": "Macro to convert instantaneous thermal coefficients of expansion to secant values, with example input file. (This is a zipped file)" }, { - "title": "jb99_14.pdf", + "title": "Analysis Of The FOREVER-Experiments Using A Finite Element Model", + "author": "Eberhard Altstadt, Thomas Moessner, Baj Ral Sehgal, Hans-Georg Willschütz", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/jb99_14.pdf", - "description": "jb99_14.pdf" + "description": "\"An axis-symmetric Finite Element (FE) model is developed based on the multi-purpose code ANSYS/Multiphysics. Using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) module the temperature field within the melt pool and within the vessel wall is evaluated. The transient structural mechanical calculations are then performed applying a creep model which takes into account large temperature, stress and strain variations.\" (Document 1)" }, { "title": "jhs.pdf", @@ -1927,9 +1953,10 @@ "description": "\"The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has developed a suite of thermal comfort tools to assist in the development of smaller and more efficient climate control systems in automobiles. These tools, which include a 126-segment sweating manikin, a finite element physiological model of the human body, and a psychological model based on human subject testing, are designed to predict human thermal comfort in transient nonuniform thermal environments such as automobiles. The manikin measures the heat loss from the human body in the vehicle environment and sends the heat flux from each segment to the physiological model. The physiological model predicts the body’s response to the environment, determines 126 segment skin temperatures, sweat rates, and breathing rate, and transmits the data to the manikin. The psychological model uses temperature data from the physiological model to predict the local and global thermal comfort as a function of local skin and core temperatures and their rates of change. Results of initial integration testing show the thermal response of a manikin segment to transient environmental conditions.\"\n\n[ANSYS Thermal, version unknown]" }, { - "title": "tmi98.pdf", + "title": "A Vision-Based Technique for Objective Assessment of Burn Scars", + "author": "Leonid V. Tsap, Dmitry B. Goldgof, Sudeep Sarkar, and Pauline S. Powers", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/tmi98.pdf", - "description": "tmi98.pdf" + "description": "\"In this paper a method for the objective assessment of burn scars is proposed. The quantitative measures developed in this research provide an objective way to calculate elastic properties of burn scars relative to the surrounding areas. The approach combines range data and the mechanics and motion dynamics of human tissues. Active contours are employed to locate regions of interest and to find displacements of feature points using automatically established correspondences. Changes in strain distribution over time are evaluated. Given images at two time instances and their corresponding features, the finite element method is used to synthesize strain distributions of the underlying tissues.\"" }, { "title": "tms95.pdf", @@ -1988,9 +2015,10 @@ "description": "Created a Workbench 12.0 version of VM267.\nUseful for users who may wish to get a better understanding of implementing the CINT command inside of Workbench Mechanical for stress intensity factor calculations." }, { - "title": "wam95_ufluidics.pdf", + "title": "Design, Fabrication, and Testing of Fixed-Valve Micro-Pumps [PDF]", + "author": "F. Forster, R. Bardell, M. Afromowitz, N. Sharma, and A. Blanchard", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/wam95_ufluidics.pdf", - "description": "wam95_ufluidics.pdf" + "description": "Use of Flotran for micropump analysis. (MEMS" }, { "title": "Text and compression utilities [PDF]", diff --git a/dist/feed/feed.xml b/dist/feed/feed.xml index 4738810..5737281 100644 --- a/dist/feed/feed.xml +++ b/dist/feed/feed.xml @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ - 2021-09-13T16:38:57Z + 2021-09-14T05:21:11Z https://ansys.netlify.app/ diff --git a/dist/resources/0/index.html b/dist/resources/0/index.html index 5eb87c5..84c56b8 100644 --- a/dist/resources/0/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/0/index.html @@ -163,9 +163,11 @@

        Resources

        2522-3EN.pdf

      • -

        26.pdf

        -

        -

        26.pdf

        +

        Off-Axis Loads Cause Failure of the Distal Radius at Lower Magnitudes than Axial Loads: A Finite Element Analysis

        +

        Karen L. Troy and Mark D. Grabiner

        +

        "Distal radius fractures are among the most common fall-related injuries in older women. Numerous studies have quantified upper extremity fall biomechanics with the goal of identifying possible interventions to reduce the peak force on the wrists, thereby reducing the number of fractures. Fracture initiation depends both on the force applied to the bone and upon the strength of the bone itself; thus, poor bone quality has been implicated as a factor in distal radius fractures. Generally, an intervention to improve bone quality (such as antiresorptive therapy) is considered successful if bone mineral density (BMD) can be increased by 2-4%.
        +Cadaver and finite element studies have previously quantified the force required to cause a distal radius fracture. To date, however, only simple axial loads on the radius have been considered. Because most falls onto the hands result in off-axis loads, we considered the possibility that a combination of loading modes would significantly influence the fracture strength of the distal radius. Here, we used a validated finite element model of the distal radius, scaphoid, and lunate, to explore the effects of loading direction and changes in BMD on predicted fracture strength."
        +[ANSYS Structural, version 10.0]

      • 3-Dimensional thermal analysis and active cooling of short-length high-power fiber lasers

        @@ -217,9 +219,9 @@

        Resources

        98-102.pdf

      • -

        A23417.pdf

        -

        -

        A23417.pdf

        +

        Developing The Basis For Target Injection And Tracking In Inertial Fusion Energy Power Plants

        +

        D.T. Goodin, C.R. Gibson, R.W. Petzoldt, N.P. Siegel, L. Thompson, A. Nobile, G.E. Besenbruch, K.R.

        +

        The use of ANSYS's thermal and CFD capabilities to analyze the target injection and tracking of an Inertial Fusion Energy power plant

      • ANSYS Cast Iron Material Model Matches Experimental Data

        (ANSYS, Inc.)

        @@ -252,9 +254,9 @@

        Resources

        There are currently no recognized ‘standards’ of writing APDL macros or input files, although there may exist standards within companies on APDL coding. The lack of APDL coding standards may make inheriting someone else’s input files or macros more difficult. Also, parameter or component conflicts may also arise when using multiple macros.
        This memo hopes to provide some ideas for groups or individuals wishing to develop APDL standards in writing macros or input files."

      • -

        ARTICLE1.pdf

        -

        -

        ARTICLE1.pdf

        +

        Transient Thermal Analysis of Spot Welding Electrodes

        +

        K. S. Yeung, P. H. Thornton

        +

        "The accurate thermal simulation of a spot welding electrode cap could permit critical design parameters to be identified for improved electrode life. In this study, a parametric model has been developed to predict the transient thermal behavior of a typical spot welding electrode cap. The model employs the technique of conjugate heat transfer analysis to avoid the problem of estimating a value for the heat transfer coefficient that arises with conventional heat transfer analysis."

      • Anisotropic Plasticity and Failure Prediction in Wood Composites

        David M. Moses, Helmut G.L. Prion

        diff --git a/dist/resources/1/index.html b/dist/resources/1/index.html index 9c62780..e63cd70 100644 --- a/dist/resources/1/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/1/index.html @@ -101,9 +101,9 @@

        Resources

        Ansys_PT_EEC.pdf

      • -

        Artigo.pdf

        -

        -

        Artigo.pdf

        +

        Design and Implementation of a Flow Microsensor by using Silicon Microelectronics Technology

        +

        Roberto Rodrigues and Rogerio Furlan

        +

        "This work presents the design of a gas flow microsensor that was implemented by using silicon microelectronics technology. Its main features are a low power consumption (tens of mW) and the possibility of integration in flow microactuators. It was adopted a calorimetric device with free-standing microfilaments and thermoresistive sensor elements. Analytical and numerical modeling were developed for device analyses and design. The free-standing microfilaments were fabricated using surface micromachining. Characteristic curves, of output voltage vs. flow, were obtained by using a commercial flow sensor for calibration. A good agreement was obtained comparing the flow microsensor experimental characteristic curves with numerical simulation results."

      • An Efficient FETI Implementation on Distributed Shared Memory Machines with Independent Numbers of Subdomains and Processors

        Michel Lesoinne and Kendall Pierson

        @@ -203,17 +203,19 @@

        Resources

        FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf

      • -

        Finet_CAD_04.pdf

        -

        -

        Finet_CAD_04.pdf

        +

        Biomechanical Interaction Between Cap Thickness, Lipid Core Composition and Blood Pressure in Vulnerable Coronary Plaque: Impact on Stability or Insta

        +

        Gerard Finet, Jacques Ohayon and Gilles Rioufo

        +

        "A ‘thin’ fibrous cap atheroma is the typical morphological characteristic of vulnerable plaque. Yet the very pathological studies that have provided these descriptions have also shown the actual prediction of plaque rupture to be rather less exact. Other relevant characteristics must be involved in the mechanisms of plaque rupture—blood pressure loading (P) and the material properties of the soft atheromatous core—as predictors of the distribution of the peak circumferential stress (PCS) locations."
        +[ANSYS Structural, version 5.7]

      • Formatting output text of results (PRxxxx family of commands) [PDF]

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        This memo outlines some of the options available in ANSYS to produce and to format output listings: (1) the use of the /FORMAT statement with the PRxxxx series of commands and (2) the application of *VWRITE to create custom output. This memo outlines some of the options available in ANSYS to produce and to format output listings: (1) the use of the /FORMAT statement with the PRxxxx series of commands and (2) the application of *VWRITE to create custom output.

      • -

        FranzChouly_LN2006.pdf

        -

        -

        FranzChouly_LN2006.pdf

        +

        Simulation of the Retroglossal Fluid-Structure Interaction During Obstructive Sleep Apnea

        +

        Franz Chouly, Annemie Van Hirtum, Pierre-Yves Lagr´ee, Jean-Roch Paoli, Xavier Pelorson, and Yohan P

        +

        "A method for computing the interaction between the airflow and the soft tissue during an Obstructive Apnea is presented. It is based on simplifications of the full continuum formulation (Navier- Stokes and finite elasticity) to ensure computation time compatible with clinical applications. Linear elasticity combined with a precomputation method allows fast prediction of the tissue deformation, while an asymptotic formulation of the full Navier-Stokes equations (Reduced Navier- Stokes/Prandtl equations) has been chosen for the flow. The accuracy of the method has already been assessed experimentally. Then, simulations of the complete collapsus at the retroglossal level in the upper airway have been carried out, on geometries extracted from pre-operative radiographies of two apneic patients. Post-operative geometries have been also used to check qualitatively if the predictions from the simulations are in agreement with the effects of the surgery."
        +[ANSYS Structural, version unspecified]

      • GSkoro1.pdf

        @@ -233,17 +235,17 @@

        Resources

        Output when using the GUI
        Generating editable WMF figures

      • -

        Gerard_et_al.pdf

        -

        -

        Gerard_et_al.pdf

        +

        A 3D Dynamical Biomechanical Tongue Model to Study Speech Motor Control

        +

        Jean-Michel Gérard, Reiner Wilhelms-Tricarico, Pascal Perrier & Yohan Payan

        +

        "A 3D biomechanical dynamical model of human tongue is presented, that is elaborated in the aim to test hypotheses about speech motor control. Tissue elastic properties are accounted for in Finite Element Modeling (FEM). The FEM mesh was designed in order to facilitate the implementation of muscle arrangement within the tongue. Therefore, its structure was determined on the basis of accurate anatomical data about the tongue. Mechanically, the hypothesis of hyperelasticity was adopted with the Mooney-Rivlin formulation of the strain energy function. Muscles are modeled as general force generators that act on anatomically specified sets of nodes of the FEM structure. The 8 muscles that are known to be largely involved in the production of basic speech movements are modeled. The model and the solving of the Lagrangian equations of movement are implemented using the ANSYS™ software. Simulations of the influence of muscle activations onto the tongue shape are presented and analyzed."

      • High End Workbench Tip

        PADT

        Taken from PADT's SWAU group meeting on performing high-end analyses with Workbench Simulation.

      • -

        Hyper.pdf

        -

        -

        Hyper.pdf

        +

        On Stress Analysis For a Hyperelastic Material [PDF]

        +

        Xiao-Yan Gong and Riyand Moe

        +

        Paper using ANSYS 5.5 for characterizing hyperelastic materials with Mooney-Rivlin

      • IEEE00_LGC_umirror.pdf

        diff --git a/dist/resources/2/index.html b/dist/resources/2/index.html index 62ada2d..a295e6e 100644 --- a/dist/resources/2/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/2/index.html @@ -105,9 +105,9 @@

        Resources

        Jewart_etd_2006.pdf

      • -

        LNCS3078_Chabanas.pdf

        -

        -

        LNCS3078_Chabanas.pdf

        +

        Comparison of Linear and Non-linear Soft Tissue Models with Post-operative CT Scan in Maxillofacial Surgery

        +

        Matthieu Chabanas, Yohan Payan, Christophe Marecaux, Pascal Swider, and Franck Boutault

        +

        "A Finite Element model of the face soft tissue is proposed to simulate the morphological outcomes of maxillofacial surgery. Three modelling options are implemented: a linear elastic model with small and large deformation hypothesis, and an hyperelastic Mooney-Rivlin model. An evaluation procedure based on a qualitative and quantitative comparison of the simulations with a post-operative CT scan is detailed. It is then applied to one clinical case to evaluate the differences between the three models, and with the actual patient morphology. First results shows in particular that for a “simple” clinical procedure where stress is less than 20%, a linear model seams sufficient for a correct modelling."

      • Legend_Example.zip

        Bob Weathers (Trane)

        @@ -127,9 +127,10 @@

        Resources

        M3302.pdf

      • -

        MEP_2005.pdf

        -

        -

        MEP_2005.pdf

        +

        Non-Linear Elastic Properties of the Lingual and Facial Tissues Assessed by Indentation Technique: Application to the Biomechanics of Speech Production

        +

        J.M. Gerard, J. Ohayon, V. Luboz, P. Perrier, Y. Paya

        +

        "This paper aims at characterizing the mechanical behavior of two human anatomical structures, namely the tongue and the cheek. For this, an indentation experiment was provided, by measuring the mechanical response of tongue and cheek tissues removed from the fresh cadaver of a 74 year old woman. Non-linear relationships were observed between the force applied to the tissues and the corresponding displacements. To infer the mechanical constitutive laws from these measurements, a finite element (FE) analysis was provided. This analysis aimed at simulating the indentation experiment. An optimization process was used to determine the FE constitutive laws that provided the non-linear force/displacements observed during the indentation experiments. The tongue constitutive law was used for simulations provided by a 3D FE biomechanical model of the human tongue. This dynamical model was designed to study speech production. Given a set of tongue muscular commands, which levels correspond to the force classically measured during speech production, the FE model successfully simulated the main tongue movements observed during speech data."
        +[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 5.7]

      • MICROtec2000.pdf

        @@ -175,9 +176,9 @@

        Resources

        MSM99_LIMMS_piezo.pdf

      • -

        MSM99_RITS_upump.pdf

        -

        -

        MSM99_RITS_upump.pdf

        +

        Numerical Simulations of Flat-walled Diffuser Elements for Valveless Micropumps [PDF]

        +

        Anders Olsson, Goran Stemme, and Erik Stemme

        +

        Use of ANSYS/Flotran for analysis of micropump. (MEMS)

      • MSM99_ULM_cvd.pdf

        @@ -215,17 +216,19 @@

        Resources

        Martin Herrenbruck (Technische Universität München)

        "A macro file is a file which contains Ansys commands. If you save your macro in your working directory or in the macro directory (see /PSEARCH command) you just enter the macro name in the command line and all these commands will be executed. You can even nest macros: from your main file you call e.g. zzmacro1 which again calls zzmacro2. The only problem is that a macro could change - and you would probably not notice that - the value of a parameter you are using in your main input file. This will be the case if the same parameter name is used accidentally in both the macro and your main input. Let's see how one can avoid these nasty errors - just click on the link!"

      • -

        OBrien-NATO-15-2005.pdf

        -

        -

        OBrien-NATO-15-2005.pdf

        +

        Evaluation of Acoustic Propagation Paths into the Human Head

        +

        William D. O’Brien, Jr. and Yuhui Liu

        +

        "The overall goal has been to develop an acoustic wave propagation model using well-understood and documented computational techniques that track and quantify an air-borne incident acoustic wave propagated around, into and in the human head. This model serves as a computational tool to elucidate the acoustic wave propagation around, into and in the human head. Specifically, the model determines two features: (1) alternate acoustic propagation paths to the cochlear shell that exist besides the normal air-borne acoustic propagation path (eardrum-ossical path) through the auditory canal and (2) sound pressure amplitude in the cochlear shell (relative to the air-borne sound pressure amplitude) via the alternate propagation paths. A 3D finite-element solid mesh was constructed using a digital image database of an adult male head. Coupled acoustic-mechanical finite-element analysis (FEA) was used to model the wave propagation through the fluid-solid-fluid media."
        +[ANSYS Acoustics, version 6.1]

      • -

        Ohayon_BACAS_05.pdf

        -

        -

        Ohayon_BACAS_05.pdf

        +

        A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Stress Distribution in a Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque: In-Vivo Prediction of Plaque Rupture Location

        +

        Jacques Ohayon, Gérard Finet, François Treyve, Gilles Rioufol and Olivier Dubreuil

        +

        "This paper aims at predicting the plaque rupture location of one patient with stable angina and scheduled to undergo percutaneous coronary intervention. The peak circumferential stress (PCS) is considered as the determining biomechanical factor in the mechanisms leading to rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque and is often used as a predictor of atherosclerotic plaque rupture location. Up to now, to define the site of PCS concentrations, twodimensional (2D) finite element (FE) analyses were performed on the smallest luminal cross-sectional area of the coronary plaque. In-vivo three-dimensional (3D) FE modeling of atherosclerotic coronaries may be very valuable and more accurate than the 2D FE analysis in helping cardiologists evaluate the risk of spontaneous plaque rupture in a patient. In this work, the performances of the 2D and 3D FE approaches have been compared and the limits of the 2D structural analysis has been pointed out."
        +[ANSYS Structural, version 8.0]

      • -

        PA-27.pdf

        -

        -

        PA-27.pdf

        +

        The Control Of The Thermal Environment Of Perimeter Spaces In Buildings To Prevent Cold Drafts

        +

        Yuji Hukushima, Yasuo Utsumi, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Yoshimi Ishikawa, Mitsuo Suzuki, And Tatsuya Yamash

        +

        "This paper is focused on the evaluation of simulation system using the experiment result and the configuration of pericounter which is the part of counter unit setting at bottom of window side with heat panel to avoid the influence of cold draft, utilizing simulation system. The simulation shows similar flow pattern to full scale experiment and consequent simulations indicate that cold draft does not flow into interior zone when the heat generation rate exceeds heat loss from the window in most cases. When the heat generation portion is 75% of heat loss from the window, some cases which have certain configuration of pericounter successfully avoids the influence of draft without fan."

      • PAC1991_2197.pdf

        diff --git a/dist/resources/4/index.html b/dist/resources/4/index.html index be56a7d..af9e37c 100644 --- a/dist/resources/4/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/4/index.html @@ -178,9 +178,9 @@

        Resources

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        "There have been various sparse solver improvements in each release of ANSYS. This memo hopes to cover some general information on the solvers available in ANSYS as well as performance improvements between ANSYS 5.6 and 6.0 related to linear static analyses."

      • -

        Stuparu.pdf

        -

        -

        Stuparu.pdf

        +

        Human Heart Valves. Hyperelastic Material Modeling

        +

        Mihai Stuparu

        +

        "Performing a finite element analysis (FEA) on a hyperelastic material is difficult due to nonlinearity, large deformation, and material instability. This paper provides a brief review of the hyperelastic theory and discusses several important issues that should be addressed when using ANSYS. Analysis on a fatigue specimen is used as an example of one of our product development challenges upon which these issues were illuminated. We believe that a stable material model in combination with a good understanding of structural instability for traditional materials is the key to success in simulating hyperelastic materials using ANSYS."

      • Surface Effect Elements, General Overview

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        @@ -206,9 +206,9 @@

        Resources

        J. Michopoulos, P. Mast, R. Badaliance, L. Gause, T. Chwastyk, R. Foerch

        "Recent advances in finite element techniques and design optimization integration technologies along with the parallel hardware and software evolution have directed the CMS group to turn its attention to utilizing "of the shelf"technology of achieving the same goals. Thus, the "Z-mat"and "Z-Optim"packages from Northwest Numerics, Inc., have been utilized to extract the non-linear constitutive response from the available experimental data in an integrated and automated manner and in conjunction with the ANSYS/Mechanical infrastructure. The automation lies on the fact that the process automatically generates the code of a "USERMAT"subroutine that it can be subsequently used with any geometry and loading specification definable within the limits of ANSYS' non-linear element library. The geometry of the single notched specimen of NRL's In Plane has been used for developing and verifying the process."

      • -

        Tracqui_AB_04.pdf

        -

        -

        Tracqui_AB_04.pdf

        +

        Transmission of Mechanical Stresses within the Cytoskeleton of Adherent Cells: a Theoretical Analysis Based on a Multi-Component Cell Model

        +

        Philippe Tracqui and Jacques Ohayon

        +

        "We investigate here the spatial distributions of intracellular stresses when adherent cells are probed by magnetic twisting cytometry. The influence of the cell nucleus stiffness on the simulated nonlinear torque-bead rotation response is analyzed by considering a finite element multi-component cell model in which the cell and its nucleus are considered as different hyperelastic materials. We additionally take into account the mechanical properties of the basal cell cortex, which can be affected by the interaction of the basal cell membrane with the extracellular substrate. In agreement with data obtained on epithelial cells, the simulated behaviour of the cell model relates the hyperelastic response observed at the entire cell scale to the distribution of stresses and strains within the nucleus and the cytoskeleton, up to cell adhesion areas. These results, which indicate how mechanical forces are transmitted at distant points through the cytoskeleton, are compared to recent data imaging the highly localized distribution of intracellular stresses."[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 6.0]

      • Tu.4.7.4.pdf

        diff --git a/dist/resources/5/index.html b/dist/resources/5/index.html index 12f0276..1061ce7 100644 --- a/dist/resources/5/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/5/index.html @@ -93,9 +93,9 @@

        Resources

        • -

          a020.pdf

          -

          -

          a020.pdf

          +

          Patient Specific Spine Models - Development Of A Laboratory Intervertebral Disc For Validation Of The Models

          +

          A. Mohsen, D. J. Siddall, P. Gillespie, S. Julian and M. J. Fagan

          +

          "This research project is aimed at evaluating the feasibility of the modelling technique through the development of an artificial validation spine. The validation spine will be tested under controlled laboratory conditions and the results used to verify those found from analysis of the computer model. The intervertebral disc is the most critical component in the spine. Thus, the initial aim of this research was to develop a representative artificial disc. Concurrent development of a finite element model of the disc permits development theories to be analysed and laboratory results to be verified."

        • Clustering Results Around Peaks for Full-Harmonic Analyses in ANSYS

          Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)

          @@ -109,9 +109,9 @@

          Resources

          ahieke.pdf

        • -

          alex-fem.pdf

          -

          -

          alex-fem.pdf

          +

          Finite Element Analysis To Investigate The Significance Of Functional Gradients In Dental Restorations [PDF]

          +

          Tan Kok Wai, Alex and Anand Asundi

          +

          Use of SOLID46 element.

        • Advancing Analysis Capabilities In ANSYS Through Solver Technology

          Gene Poole, Yong-Cheng Liu, and Jan Mandel

          @@ -149,9 +149,11 @@

          Resources

          ansys_news_1996_3.pdf

        • -

          ansys_nitinol_paper.pdf

          -

          -

          ansys_nitinol_paper.pdf

          +

          User Implemented Nitinol Material Model in ANSYS

          +

          Peter R. Barrett and Daniel Fridline

          +

          "Nitinol is an acronym for NIckel TItanium Naval Ordinance Laboratory since the alloy was originally developed at the Naval Lab. It is used to describe a family of materials, which contain a nearly equal mixture of nickel and titanium. Nitinol alloys are attractive to the medical device industry because they are biocompatible and when processed correctly, are at their optimum superelastic behavior at body temperature.
          +"Nitinol exhibits a different stress-strain curve for loading and unloading that cannot be modeled with existing material models in ANSYS. This paper describes the implementation of a unique user material model in ANSYS that simulates the nitinol superelastic behavior. Example analyses are provided demonstrating the application of this material model for medical implant devices called stents."[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]
          +Note that TB,SMA allows users to access built-in shape memory alloy constitutive model in ANSYS.

        • ansys_short_course.pdf

          Tim Langlais (University of Minnesota)

          @@ -234,9 +236,9 @@

          Resources

          bzahn_ball_via_fatigue_paper.pdf

        • -

          cardiovascular.pdf

          -

          -

          cardiovascular.pdf

          +

          Use Of Finite Element Analysis To Simulate The Hyperelastic Behaviour Of Cardiovascular Tissue [PDF]

          +

          S. Daly, P.J. Prendergast, F. Dolan, T.C. Lee

          +

          Examination of Mooney-Rivlin.

        • cj21-wai.pdf

          @@ -250,9 +252,9 @@

          Resources

          Scott A. Canann, Joseph R. Tristano, Matthew L. Staten

          "In this paper, an overall mesh smoothing scheme is presented for meshes consisting of triangular, quadrilateral, or mixed triangular and quadrilateral elements. This paper describes an efficient and robust combination of constrained Laplacian smoothing together with an optimization-based smoothing algorithm."

        • -

          comparison_of_biomechanical_breast_models.pdf

          -

          -

          comparison_of_biomechanical_breast_models.pdf

          +

          The Comparison of Biomechanical Breast Models: Initial Results

          +

          C. Tanner, J.A. Schnabel, A. Castellano Smith, L.I. Sonoda, D.L.G. Hill, D.J. Hawkes, A. Degenhard

          +

          "We present initial results from evaluating the accuracy with which biomechanical breast models based on finite element methods can predict the displacements of tissue within the breast. We investigate the influence of different tissue elasticity values, Poisson’s ratios, boundary conditions, finite element solvers and mesh resolutions on one data set. MR images were acquired before and after compressing a volunteer’s breast gently. These images were aligned using a 3D non-rigid registration algorithm. The boundary conditions (surface displacements) were derived from the result of the non-rigid registration or by assuming no patient motion at the posterior or medial side. Three linear and two non-linear elastic material models were tested."

        • compressive.pdf

          diff --git a/dist/resources/6/index.html b/dist/resources/6/index.html index 085c027..ecfe14a 100644 --- a/dist/resources/6/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/6/index.html @@ -199,9 +199,9 @@

          Resources

          fiber_concrete.pdf

        • -

          finite-element-levator.pdf

          -

          -

          finite-element-levator.pdf

          +

          Subject Specific Finite Element Modelling of the Levator Ani

          +

          Su-Lin Lee1, Ara Darzi, Guang-Zhong Yang

          +

          "Understanding of the dynamic behaviour of the levator ani is important to the assessment of pelvic floor dysfunction. Whilst shape modelling allows the depiction of 3D morphological variation of the levator ani between different patient groups, it is insufficient to determine the underlying behaviour of how the muscle deforms during contraction and strain. The purpose of this study is to perform a subject specific finite element analysis of the levator ani with open access magnetic resonance imaging. The method is based on a Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic model and permits dynamic study of subjects under natural physiological loadings. The value of the proposed modelling framework is demonstrated with dynamic 3D data from nulliparous, female subjects"[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]

        • finite_element_analysis_of_crowning_caps.pdf

          @@ -211,13 +211,14 @@

          Resources

          finite_element_based_solder_joint_fatigue.pdf

        • -

          flotran_chills_out.pdf

          -

          -

          flotran_chills_out.pdf

          +

          FLOTRAN Chills Out Hot Aerospace Electronics

          +

          Mark Troscinski, Jiang Guangnan, Zhang Minyi

          +

          Examples of use of Flotran for electronics applications.
          +From ANSYS Solutions, Vol. 4 Number 2.

        • -

          fp8542.pdf

          -

          -

          fp8542.pdf

          +

          A Finite Element Model For Pre- And Post-Test Calculations of the FOREVER-Experiments

          +

          H. G. Willschuetz, E. Altstadt, F. P. Weiss, B. R. Sehgal

          +

          "An axis-symmetric Finite Element (FE) model is developed based on the multi-purpose code ANSYS/Multiphysics. Using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) module the temperature field within the melt pool and within the vessel wall is evaluated. The transient structural mechanical calculations are then performed applying a creep model which takes into account large temperature, stress and strain variations." (Document 2)

        • frequency_response.pdf

          diff --git a/dist/resources/7/index.html b/dist/resources/7/index.html index f2d02e9..061552e 100644 --- a/dist/resources/7/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/7/index.html @@ -114,9 +114,9 @@

          Resources

          Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

          Example of the use of complex impedance at a surface, which is a new feature in version 13.0 (for 3D FLUID30, FLUID220, FLUID221 acoustic elements). This is a radiating monopole source. Comparison with infinite FLUID130 shows same results with appropriate value of SF,,IMPD defined.

        • -

          implant_stent.pdf

          -

          -

          implant_stent.pdf

          +

          Finite Element Method Analysis Of Non-Linear Behaviour Of Implants And Stents [PDF]

          +

          J. Awrejcewicz, M. Ciach, K. Wlodarczyk

          +

          Example of using ANSYS for stent application (Mooney-Rivlin and kinematic hardening plasticity).

        • inistate.zip

          Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

          @@ -131,9 +131,9 @@

          Resources

          Bill Bulat (CSI)

          Macro to convert instantaneous thermal coefficients of expansion to secant values, with example input file. (This is a zipped file)

        • -

          jb99_14.pdf

          -

          -

          jb99_14.pdf

          +

          Analysis Of The FOREVER-Experiments Using A Finite Element Model

          +

          Eberhard Altstadt, Thomas Moessner, Baj Ral Sehgal, Hans-Georg Willschütz

          +

          "An axis-symmetric Finite Element (FE) model is developed based on the multi-purpose code ANSYS/Multiphysics. Using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) module the temperature field within the melt pool and within the vessel wall is evaluated. The transient structural mechanical calculations are then performed applying a creep model which takes into account large temperature, stress and strain variations." (Document 1)

        • jhs.pdf

          diff --git a/dist/resources/8/index.html b/dist/resources/8/index.html index 644b9e3..9a86e6d 100644 --- a/dist/resources/8/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/8/index.html @@ -218,9 +218,9 @@

          Resources

          "The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has developed a suite of thermal comfort tools to assist in the development of smaller and more efficient climate control systems in automobiles. These tools, which include a 126-segment sweating manikin, a finite element physiological model of the human body, and a psychological model based on human subject testing, are designed to predict human thermal comfort in transient nonuniform thermal environments such as automobiles. The manikin measures the heat loss from the human body in the vehicle environment and sends the heat flux from each segment to the physiological model. The physiological model predicts the body’s response to the environment, determines 126 segment skin temperatures, sweat rates, and breathing rate, and transmits the data to the manikin. The psychological model uses temperature data from the physiological model to predict the local and global thermal comfort as a function of local skin and core temperatures and their rates of change. Results of initial integration testing show the thermal response of a manikin segment to transient environmental conditions."

          [ANSYS Thermal, version unknown]

        • -

          tmi98.pdf

          -

          -

          tmi98.pdf

          +

          A Vision-Based Technique for Objective Assessment of Burn Scars

          +

          Leonid V. Tsap, Dmitry B. Goldgof, Sudeep Sarkar, and Pauline S. Powers

          +

          "In this paper a method for the objective assessment of burn scars is proposed. The quantitative measures developed in this research provide an objective way to calculate elastic properties of burn scars relative to the surrounding areas. The approach combines range data and the mechanics and motion dynamics of human tissues. Active contours are employed to locate regions of interest and to find displacements of feature points using automatically established correspondences. Changes in strain distribution over time are evaluated. Given images at two time instances and their corresponding features, the finite element method is used to synthesize strain distributions of the underlying tissues."

        • tms95.pdf

          diff --git a/dist/resources/9/index.html b/dist/resources/9/index.html index f00f9ae..f278807 100644 --- a/dist/resources/9/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/9/index.html @@ -98,9 +98,9 @@

          Resources

          Created a Workbench 12.0 version of VM267.
          Useful for users who may wish to get a better understanding of implementing the CINT command inside of Workbench Mechanical for stress intensity factor calculations.

        • -

          wam95_ufluidics.pdf

          -

          -

          wam95_ufluidics.pdf

          +

          Design, Fabrication, and Testing of Fixed-Valve Micro-Pumps [PDF]

          +

          F. Forster, R. Bardell, M. Afromowitz, N. Sharma, and A. Blanchard

          +

          Use of Flotran for micropump analysis. (MEMS

        • Text and compression utilities [PDF]

          Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

          From f4e0f599bf562862156ce17897fc1a0c8fd5cb04 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: smhrjn Date: Wed, 15 Sep 2021 07:46:05 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 10/13] more description --- _site/_data/resources.json | 59 ++++++++++++--------- _site/extra/helpful.md | 13 +++++ dist/extra/0/index.html | 4 ++ dist/extra/helpful/index.html | 96 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ dist/feed/feed.xml | 2 +- dist/index.html | 4 ++ dist/resources/0/index.html | 22 ++++---- dist/resources/2/index.html | 7 +-- dist/resources/5/index.html | 12 ++--- dist/resources/6/index.html | 14 ++--- dist/resources/7/index.html | 8 +-- dist/resources/8/index.html | 13 ++--- dist/sitemap.xml | 5 ++ 13 files changed, 199 insertions(+), 60 deletions(-) create mode 100644 _site/extra/helpful.md create mode 100644 dist/extra/helpful/index.html diff --git a/_site/_data/resources.json b/_site/_data/resources.json index b317751..d4d8da4 100644 --- a/_site/_data/resources.json +++ b/_site/_data/resources.json @@ -29,9 +29,10 @@ "description": "\"Aeroelastic stability and response analyses used in the design of turbomachinery blading are typically uncoupled: the unsteady aerodynamics and structural dynamics are treated in separate models, with boundary conditions sequentially updated after stationary periodic convergence is met. Higher fidelity simulations are achieved by coupling the fluid and structure domains such that boundary conditions are updated once or several times per physical time step of the simulation.\"\"As a starting point, the turbomachinery CFD research code TURBO (Chen and Briley, 2001) and the commercial structural solver ANSYSŪ has been chosen for coupling, although FSI is designed with modularity for future inclusion of other fluid and structural solvers.\"\n[ANSYS Dynamics, version unspecified]" }, { - "title": "12.pdf", + "title": "Dynamic FEA and Simulation for A Series of Blast-Resist-door", + "author": "Lu Xinzheng and Jiang Jianjing", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/12.pdf", - "description": "12.pdf" + "description": "\"A series of blast-resist-door were used widely. In order to know the behavior of the doors under blast load and verify the safety of the doors, dynamic finite element analysis and simulation are carried out with advanced FEA software, ANSYS/LS-DYNA and SAP. Contact surfaces are introduced to simulate the relation between the door leaf and doorframe, as well as the relation between the door hinges and bearings. Altogether 24 different load cases are analyzed to simulate various load conditions.\"\n[ANSYS LS-DYNA, version unspecified]" }, { "title": "13_4.pdf", @@ -70,9 +71,10 @@ "description": "2012-optimum_csp_underfill.pdf" }, { - "title": "21.pdf", + "title": "Analysis and Testing of Graphite/Epoxy Concrete Bridge Girders Under Static Loading", + "author": "B. M. Kavlicoglu, F. Gordaninejad, M. Saiidi, Y. Jiang", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/21.pdf", - "description": "21.pdf" + "description": "\"An innovative graphite/epoxy-concrete (G/E-C) cross-section was developed and tested under two-point static loading. Finite element analysis and theoretical modeling of the cross-section was performed. The cross-section was a box girder with an outer G/E U-beam and inner G/E box beam with concrete webs and flange in between. Shear connection between G/E box beam and concrete slab was provided by a two-part structural epoxy resin. Additional shear connection was provided by steel stirrups located at 254 mm (10 in.) spacing along longitudinal axis of the test specimen. It was observed that, steel stirrups contributed the load carrying capacity after initiation of slippage between G/E beams and concrete. Moreover, a series of bond strength tests were performed to examine the behavior of structural epoxy resin for connection between G/E and concrete. Six G/E strips were subjected to tensile tests to evaluate the longitudinal and transverse elastic moduli of the laminate. Using the proper material properties and assumptions, it was possible to demonstrate the behavior of the section under static loads theoretically and in finite element analysis.\"\n[ANSYS Structural, version 5.5]" }, { "title": "22x Coupled-Field Elements [PDF]", @@ -86,9 +88,10 @@ "description": "25.pdf" }, { - "title": "2522-3EN.pdf", + "title": "Element for Modelling of Interaction Between Foundations and Bedrock in ANSYS Software", + "author": "Radim Cajka, Ondrej Víta", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/2522-3EN.pdf", - "description": "2522-3EN.pdf" + "description": "\"Ansys provides standard solutions to contact tasks. It is a high-performing computing tool that offers several modifications, making it possible to create a new element and adjust the calculation to individual requirements. When dealing with specific problems relating to the contact between the foundation and the foundation soil, it is possible to create an element that will take into account the behaviour of a soil layer under the foundation exposed to shear. The shearing load can be caused by undermining, concrete creep, or concrete shrinkage.\"\nExample of user-defined element (older USER100-105)\n[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 5.7.1] " }, { "title": "Off-Axis Loads Cause Failure of the Distal Radius at Lower Magnitudes than Axial Loads: A Finite Element Analysis", @@ -444,9 +447,10 @@ "description": "IPACK2005-73239.pdf" }, { - "title": "IRS2006_reprint.pdf", + "title": "A 64-Pixel Linear Thermopile Array Chip Designed for Vacuum Environment", + "author": "U. Dillner, E. Kessler, V. Baier, A. Berger, T. Eick, D. Behrendt, H. Urban", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/IRS2006_reprint.pdf", - "description": "IRS2006_reprint.pdf" + "description": "\"We report on the development of a 64-pixel high performance linear thermopile array chip designed for vacuum environment based on a silicon nitride membrane as substrate, Bi0.87Sb0.13/Sb as thermoelectric materials combination and an Ag-black broadband absorber layer. The array chip was mounted on a ceramic substrate and placed on the socket of a commercial hybrid package with 64 pins. Measurements of the linear array chip in vacuum environment and in absence of an entrance filter delivered a responsivity of 245 V/W, a sensitivity of 166 µVm˛/W, a specific detectivity of 1.6x109 cmHz1/2/W at an electrical resistance of 9 k and a thermal time constant of 150 ms. The pixelto- pixel cross-talk was reduced to less than 0.4 % due to slits in the membrane between adjacent pixels made by dry etching.\"\n[ANSYS Thermal, version unknown]" }, { "title": "Improvements to Time-History Postprocessing at 6.0 [PDF]", @@ -1166,9 +1170,10 @@ "description": "\"This paper will describe implementation considerations for the addition of new solver technology to a large legacy code, compare resource requirements for the various solver choices and present some comparative results from several customer generated problems. The AMG solver benefits, both in improved robustness and parallel processing efficiency will be described. The paper will also discuss some of the implementation challenges that have been overcome to add new solver technology to a large existing code. The role of solver technology in meeting current and future demands of large scale commercial analysis codes will be discussed.\"" }, { - "title": "analysis-of-reinforced-concrete.pdf", + "title": "Analysis Of Reinforced Concrete Structures Using ANSYS Nonlinear Concrete Model", + "author": "Antonio F. Barbosa and Gabriel O. Ribeiro", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/analysis-of-reinforced-concrete.pdf", - "description": "analysis-of-reinforced-concrete.pdf" + "description": "\"This paper considers the practical application of nonlinear models in the analysis of reinforced concrete structures. The results of some analyses performed using the reinforced concrete model of the general purpose finite element code ANSYS are presented and discussed.\"" }, { "title": "andersen.pdf", @@ -1181,9 +1186,10 @@ "description": "ansys25b.pdf" }, { - "title": "ansys_mechanical_wp.pdf", + "title": "ANSYS Mechanical - A Powerful Nonlinear Simulation Tool", + "author": "Grama Bhashyam (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/ansys_mechanical_wp.pdf", - "description": "ansys_mechanical_wp.pdf" + "description": "A whitepaper describing various ANSYS features in the area of nonlinear mechanics, including element formulation, constitutive models, and contact technology." }, { "title": "ansys_news_1995_3.pdf", @@ -1446,9 +1452,10 @@ "description": "Simple tutorial on analyzing parts using DesignSpace with focus on compatibility with SolidWorks." }, { - "title": "effects_of_nonlinear_geometric.pdf", + "title": "Effects of Nonlinear Geometric and Material Properties on the Seismic Response of Fluid/Tank Systems", + "author": "He Liu, Daniel H. Schubert", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/effects_of_nonlinear_geometric.pdf", - "description": "effects_of_nonlinear_geometric.pdf" + "description": "\"To explore the effects large deformation and nonlinear material properties have on the seismic response of fluid/tank systems, the computer program ANSYS was selected to develop a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model of a ground level, cylindrical steel shell and roof tank structure with contained fluid under seismic load. The ANSYS program was selected for its ability to include shell and structural steel elements, contained fluid elements, fluid-structure interactions, material and geometric nonlinearities, and contact type elements. For purposes of this study, analysis results from a linear elastic, small deformation fixed base model are compared with an elasto-plastic material property model with large deformation assumptions. Results show the significant difference in results based on the assumptions used and indicate that current design code based values may not be conservative in resultant loading calculations.\"" }, { "title": "elastdata_Unix.zip", @@ -1513,9 +1520,10 @@ "description": "\"An axis-symmetric Finite Element (FE) model is developed based on the multi-purpose code ANSYS/Multiphysics. Using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) module the temperature field within the melt pool and within the vessel wall is evaluated. The transient structural mechanical calculations are then performed applying a creep model which takes into account large temperature, stress and strain variations.\" (Document 2)" }, { - "title": "frequency_response.pdf", + "title": "FE Analysis of ATLAS: End Cap Support Structure - PSD Spectrum Analysis", + "author": "C.J.Nelson", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/frequency_response.pdf", - "description": "frequency_response.pdf" + "description": "\"This report investigates the effect of a PSD (Power Spectral Density) random input load on an early FE model of the ATLAS EndCap Support Structure. Statistical predictions of the maximum displacement are presented.\"[ANSYS Structural, version 5.3]" }, { "title": "fsi-ansys.pdf", @@ -1523,7 +1531,7 @@ "description": "fsi-ansys.pdf" }, { - "title": "gasketed_flanges_ordinary_elements_apdl_control.pdf", + "title": "Analysis Of Gasketed Flanges With Ordinary Elements Using APDL Control", "author": "Yasumasa Shoji, Satoshi Nagata", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/gasketed_flanges_ordinary_elements_apdl_control.pdf", "description": "\"The analysis of gasketted flanges is now becoming an essential technique to design pressure vessels or piping, because the design code is being modified. On the other hand, the gasket has an extreme nonlinearity which causes the analysis to be very difficult, especially using linear material properties. A finite element analysis program other than ANSYS has the element library for gasket element, but ANSYS does not have it yet.\"\r\n \r\n \"The authors developed a method to model this nonlinear gasket by using the elements available in ANSYS Rel. 5.5 for 2-dimensional axisymmetric analysis and those in Rel. 5.6 for 3-dimensional analysis. In this paper, the concept and the procedure of the modeling is introduced. The data input is possible using a template, without using any other ANSYS commands. The whole analysis execution is controlled by APDL.\"\r\n \r\n [STI: Gasket elements are available from version 6.1 onwards, after this paper was written]" @@ -1630,9 +1638,10 @@ "description": "jm0323.pdf" }, { - "title": "kurian.pdf", + "title": "Analytical Modeling Of Glued Laminated Girder Bridges Using ANSYS", + "author": "Anil Kurian", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/kurian.pdf", - "description": "kurian.pdf" + "description": "\"This paper aims at developing a finite element model of glued laminated girder bridges that can predict accurately the analytical behavior of the bridges. Two models have been developed to study the characteristics of this type of bridge. Two case studies have been considered to validate the accuracy of the models. The first case study is a long span single-lane bridge, the Tuscaloosa Bridge, in Alabama. The second case study is a medium span two-lane bridge, the Cow Gu lch Bridge, in Montana. The models show good correlation with the experimental data and hence, the models can be used to find the maximum deflections in the bridge.\"Use of ANSYS 5.0 (1992 version)" }, { "title": "kyshen.pdf", @@ -1774,7 +1783,7 @@ "description": "\"A method is presented for controlling element sizes on the interior of areas during surface meshing. A Delaunay background mesh is defined over which a neighborhood based interpolation scheme is used to interpolate element sizes.\"" }, { - "title": "nonlinear_domain_decomposition_method.pdf", + "title": "A Non-Linear Domain Decomposition Method", "author": "Iakov Mordukhovich Klebanov, Andrei Nikolaevich Davydov", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/nonlinear_domain_decomposition_method.pdf", "description": "\"A new domain decomposition technique for parallelization of physically non-linear problems in solid mechanics is developed. It is extended for any stress-strain diagrams. The approach is based on the approximating generalized models of subdomains that leads to a considerably fewer number of iterations requiring updating of substructure parameters. The analytical proof of the convergence of the theoretical iterative procedure and the demonstration of convergence of its numerical implementation with the help of ANSYS are presented.\"" @@ -1903,9 +1912,10 @@ "description": "The attached zip file includes a simple example demonstrating the procedure to perform a single-point response spectrum (SPRS), where the excitation in 3 direction is applied together (using SRSS combination), not independently. The procedure for multi-point response spectrum (MPRS) is included as well for the same situation. An Excel spreadsheet shows that the results obtained for this simple model is the same for both methods (compare the mode coefficients for each squared mode in the spreadsheet)." }, { - "title": "st_wave00.pdf", + "title": "Dynamic Pile Testing and Finite Element Calculations for the Bearing Capacity of a Quay Wall Foundation", + "author": "F. Kirsch, B. Plaßmann, T. Huch, W. Rodatz", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/st_wave00.pdf", - "description": "st_wave00.pdf" + "description": "\"In April 1999 the construction of a new quay wall in the port of Hamburg started. In a first stage two new berths with an overall length of 1400 m will be built. In order to proof the bearing capacity of the foundation dynamic pile testing is performed to a great extent. To date more than thirty different piles were tested by the Institute for Foundation Engineering and Soil Mechanics of the Technical University of Braunschweig. In order to check for possible set-up effects redriven tests were performed. For comparison reasons static load tests were also carried out, one of which was done with an instrumented pile to allow skin friction and end bearing to be evaluated separately. The CAPWAP results proofed to be very helpful especially in those cases where the testing situation differed from the later service condition. Special questions called for detailed finite element analysis of the load-settlement behaviour of single piles in certain construction stages.\"\nAlthough ANSYS is not explicitly mentioned, F. Kirsch also used ANSYS in two related papers, Stability of the vault developing over Soilcrete bodies and Ground Improvement and Its Numerical Analysis. " }, { "title": "substr-fullpost.zip", @@ -1931,9 +1941,10 @@ "description": "t2107.pdf" }, { - "title": "ta_94-1.pdf", + "title": "Parameter Studies For Enhanced Integrity Of Reciprocating Compressor Foundation Blocks", + "author": "Jayant S. Mandke, Anthony J. Smalley", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/ta_94-1.pdf", - "description": "ta_94-1.pdf" + "description": "\"The model development and analyses of reinforced concrete block used the ANSYS finite element program.\"" }, { "title": "tan_wei_200804_phd.pdf", diff --git a/_site/extra/helpful.md b/_site/extra/helpful.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..68177d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/_site/extra/helpful.md @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +--- +title: Helpful Links +description: List of resources online. +--- + +## {{ title }} + +
          + +## Online Ansys 182 help files + +[ans_help_v182](https://www.mm.bme.hu/~gyebro/files/ans_help_v182/) +[good resources](https://www.mm.bme.hu/~gyebro/files/) diff --git a/dist/extra/0/index.html b/dist/extra/0/index.html index 4829ae2..0c223fb 100644 --- a/dist/extra/0/index.html +++ b/dist/extra/0/index.html @@ -92,6 +92,10 @@

          Extra Resources

          Python Named Selection Macro - Mechanical Workbench

          In mechanical workbench, creates named selection of the bodies containing the string in an array. The name of the named selection is the string in an array.

          +
        • +

          Helpful Links

          +

          +

          List of resources online.

        diff --git a/dist/resources/0/index.html b/dist/resources/0/index.html index 84c56b8..eb41fdd 100644 --- a/dist/resources/0/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/0/index.html @@ -115,9 +115,10 @@

        Resources

        "Aeroelastic stability and response analyses used in the design of turbomachinery blading are typically uncoupled: the unsteady aerodynamics and structural dynamics are treated in separate models, with boundary conditions sequentially updated after stationary periodic convergence is met. Higher fidelity simulations are achieved by coupling the fluid and structure domains such that boundary conditions are updated once or several times per physical time step of the simulation.""As a starting point, the turbomachinery CFD research code TURBO (Chen and Briley, 2001) and the commercial structural solver ANSYSŪ has been chosen for coupling, although FSI is designed with modularity for future inclusion of other fluid and structural solvers."
        [ANSYS Dynamics, version unspecified]

      • -

        12.pdf

        -

        -

        12.pdf

        +

        Dynamic FEA and Simulation for A Series of Blast-Resist-door

        +

        Lu Xinzheng and Jiang Jianjing

        +

        "A series of blast-resist-door were used widely. In order to know the behavior of the doors under blast load and verify the safety of the doors, dynamic finite element analysis and simulation are carried out with advanced FEA software, ANSYS/LS-DYNA and SAP. Contact surfaces are introduced to simulate the relation between the door leaf and doorframe, as well as the relation between the door hinges and bearings. Altogether 24 different load cases are analyzed to simulate various load conditions."
        +[ANSYS LS-DYNA, version unspecified]

      • 13_4.pdf

        @@ -147,9 +148,10 @@

        Resources

        2012-optimum_csp_underfill.pdf

      • -

        21.pdf

        -

        -

        21.pdf

        +

        Analysis and Testing of Graphite/Epoxy Concrete Bridge Girders Under Static Loading

        +

        B. M. Kavlicoglu, F. Gordaninejad, M. Saiidi, Y. Jiang

        +

        "An innovative graphite/epoxy-concrete (G/E-C) cross-section was developed and tested under two-point static loading. Finite element analysis and theoretical modeling of the cross-section was performed. The cross-section was a box girder with an outer G/E U-beam and inner G/E box beam with concrete webs and flange in between. Shear connection between G/E box beam and concrete slab was provided by a two-part structural epoxy resin. Additional shear connection was provided by steel stirrups located at 254 mm (10 in.) spacing along longitudinal axis of the test specimen. It was observed that, steel stirrups contributed the load carrying capacity after initiation of slippage between G/E beams and concrete. Moreover, a series of bond strength tests were performed to examine the behavior of structural epoxy resin for connection between G/E and concrete. Six G/E strips were subjected to tensile tests to evaluate the longitudinal and transverse elastic moduli of the laminate. Using the proper material properties and assumptions, it was possible to demonstrate the behavior of the section under static loads theoretically and in finite element analysis."
        +[ANSYS Structural, version 5.5]

      • 22x Coupled-Field Elements [PDF]

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        @@ -159,9 +161,11 @@

        Resources

        25.pdf

      • -

        2522-3EN.pdf

        -

        -

        2522-3EN.pdf

        +

        Element for Modelling of Interaction Between Foundations and Bedrock in ANSYS Software

        +

        Radim Cajka, Ondrej Víta

        +

        "Ansys provides standard solutions to contact tasks. It is a high-performing computing tool that offers several modifications, making it possible to create a new element and adjust the calculation to individual requirements. When dealing with specific problems relating to the contact between the foundation and the foundation soil, it is possible to create an element that will take into account the behaviour of a soil layer under the foundation exposed to shear. The shearing load can be caused by undermining, concrete creep, or concrete shrinkage."
        +Example of user-defined element (older USER100-105)
        +[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 5.7.1]

      • Off-Axis Loads Cause Failure of the Distal Radius at Lower Magnitudes than Axial Loads: A Finite Element Analysis

        Karen L. Troy and Mark D. Grabiner

        diff --git a/dist/resources/2/index.html b/dist/resources/2/index.html index a295e6e..f54d3ff 100644 --- a/dist/resources/2/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/2/index.html @@ -93,9 +93,10 @@

        Resources

        • -

          IRS2006_reprint.pdf

          -

          -

          IRS2006_reprint.pdf

          +

          A 64-Pixel Linear Thermopile Array Chip Designed for Vacuum Environment

          +

          U. Dillner, E. Kessler, V. Baier, A. Berger, T. Eick, D. Behrendt, H. Urban

          +

          "We report on the development of a 64-pixel high performance linear thermopile array chip designed for vacuum environment based on a silicon nitride membrane as substrate, Bi0.87Sb0.13/Sb as thermoelectric materials combination and an Ag-black broadband absorber layer. The array chip was mounted on a ceramic substrate and placed on the socket of a commercial hybrid package with 64 pins. Measurements of the linear array chip in vacuum environment and in absence of an entrance filter delivered a responsivity of 245 V/W, a sensitivity of 166 µVm˛/W, a specific detectivity of 1.6x109 cmHz1/2/W at an electrical resistance of 9 k and a thermal time constant of 150 ms. The pixelto- pixel cross-talk was reduced to less than 0.4 % due to slits in the membrane between adjacent pixels made by dry etching."
          +[ANSYS Thermal, version unknown]

        • Improvements to Time-History Postprocessing at 6.0 [PDF]

          Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

          diff --git a/dist/resources/5/index.html b/dist/resources/5/index.html index 1061ce7..a88a230 100644 --- a/dist/resources/5/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/5/index.html @@ -117,9 +117,9 @@

          Resources

          Gene Poole, Yong-Cheng Liu, and Jan Mandel

          "This paper will describe implementation considerations for the addition of new solver technology to a large legacy code, compare resource requirements for the various solver choices and present some comparative results from several customer generated problems. The AMG solver benefits, both in improved robustness and parallel processing efficiency will be described. The paper will also discuss some of the implementation challenges that have been overcome to add new solver technology to a large existing code. The role of solver technology in meeting current and future demands of large scale commercial analysis codes will be discussed."

        • -

          analysis-of-reinforced-concrete.pdf

          -

          -

          analysis-of-reinforced-concrete.pdf

          +

          Analysis Of Reinforced Concrete Structures Using ANSYS Nonlinear Concrete Model

          +

          Antonio F. Barbosa and Gabriel O. Ribeiro

          +

          "This paper considers the practical application of nonlinear models in the analysis of reinforced concrete structures. The results of some analyses performed using the reinforced concrete model of the general purpose finite element code ANSYS are presented and discussed."

        • andersen.pdf

          @@ -129,9 +129,9 @@

          Resources

          ansys25b.pdf

        • -

          ansys_mechanical_wp.pdf

          -

          -

          ansys_mechanical_wp.pdf

          +

          ANSYS Mechanical - A Powerful Nonlinear Simulation Tool

          +

          Grama Bhashyam (ANSYS, Inc.)

          +

          A whitepaper describing various ANSYS features in the area of nonlinear mechanics, including element formulation, constitutive models, and contact technology.

        • ansys_news_1995_3.pdf

          diff --git a/dist/resources/6/index.html b/dist/resources/6/index.html index ecfe14a..a151424 100644 --- a/dist/resources/6/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/6/index.html @@ -170,9 +170,9 @@

          Resources

          Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

          Simple tutorial on analyzing parts using DesignSpace with focus on compatibility with SolidWorks.

        • -

          effects_of_nonlinear_geometric.pdf

          -

          -

          effects_of_nonlinear_geometric.pdf

          +

          Effects of Nonlinear Geometric and Material Properties on the Seismic Response of Fluid/Tank Systems

          +

          He Liu, Daniel H. Schubert

          +

          "To explore the effects large deformation and nonlinear material properties have on the seismic response of fluid/tank systems, the computer program ANSYS was selected to develop a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model of a ground level, cylindrical steel shell and roof tank structure with contained fluid under seismic load. The ANSYS program was selected for its ability to include shell and structural steel elements, contained fluid elements, fluid-structure interactions, material and geometric nonlinearities, and contact type elements. For purposes of this study, analysis results from a linear elastic, small deformation fixed base model are compared with an elasto-plastic material property model with large deformation assumptions. Results show the significant difference in results based on the assumptions used and indicate that current design code based values may not be conservative in resultant loading calculations."

        • elastdata_Unix.zip

          Hursha Narayan (Robert Bosch Corporation)

          @@ -220,15 +220,15 @@

          Resources

          H. G. Willschuetz, E. Altstadt, F. P. Weiss, B. R. Sehgal

          "An axis-symmetric Finite Element (FE) model is developed based on the multi-purpose code ANSYS/Multiphysics. Using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) module the temperature field within the melt pool and within the vessel wall is evaluated. The transient structural mechanical calculations are then performed applying a creep model which takes into account large temperature, stress and strain variations." (Document 2)

        • -

          frequency_response.pdf

          -

          -

          frequency_response.pdf

          +

          FE Analysis of ATLAS: End Cap Support Structure - PSD Spectrum Analysis

          +

          C.J.Nelson

          +

          "This report investigates the effect of a PSD (Power Spectral Density) random input load on an early FE model of the ATLAS EndCap Support Structure. Statistical predictions of the maximum displacement are presented."[ANSYS Structural, version 5.3]

        • fsi-ansys.pdf

          fsi-ansys.pdf

        • -

          gasketed_flanges_ordinary_elements_apdl_control.pdf

          +

          Analysis Of Gasketed Flanges With Ordinary Elements Using APDL Control

          Yasumasa Shoji, Satoshi Nagata

          "The analysis of gasketted flanges is now becoming an essential technique to design pressure vessels or piping, because the design code is being modified. On the other hand, the gasket has an extreme nonlinearity which causes the analysis to be very difficult, especially using linear material properties. A finite element analysis program other than ANSYS has the element library for gasket element, but ANSYS does not have it yet."

          "The authors developed a method to model this nonlinear gasket by using the elements available in ANSYS Rel. 5.5 for 2-dimensional axisymmetric analysis and those in Rel. 5.6 for 3-dimensional analysis. In this paper, the concept and the procedure of the modeling is introduced. The data input is possible using a template, without using any other ANSYS commands. The whole analysis execution is controlled by APDL."

          diff --git a/dist/resources/7/index.html b/dist/resources/7/index.html index 061552e..858c59c 100644 --- a/dist/resources/7/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/7/index.html @@ -143,9 +143,9 @@

          Resources

          jm0323.pdf

        • -

          kurian.pdf

          -

          -

          kurian.pdf

          +

          Analytical Modeling Of Glued Laminated Girder Bridges Using ANSYS

          +

          Anil Kurian

          +

          "This paper aims at developing a finite element model of glued laminated girder bridges that can predict accurately the analytical behavior of the bridges. Two models have been developed to study the characteristics of this type of bridge. Two case studies have been considered to validate the accuracy of the models. The first case study is a long span single-lane bridge, the Tuscaloosa Bridge, in Alabama. The second case study is a medium span two-lane bridge, the Cow Gu lch Bridge, in Montana. The models show good correlation with the experimental data and hence, the models can be used to find the maximum deflections in the bridge."Use of ANSYS 5.0 (1992 version)

        • kyshen.pdf

          @@ -272,7 +272,7 @@

          Resources

          Steven Owen, and Sunil Saigal

          "A method is presented for controlling element sizes on the interior of areas during surface meshing. A Delaunay background mesh is defined over which a neighborhood based interpolation scheme is used to interpolate element sizes."

        • -

          nonlinear_domain_decomposition_method.pdf

          +

          A Non-Linear Domain Decomposition Method

          Iakov Mordukhovich Klebanov, Andrei Nikolaevich Davydov

          "A new domain decomposition technique for parallelization of physically non-linear problems in solid mechanics is developed. It is extended for any stress-strain diagrams. The approach is based on the approximating generalized models of subdomains that leads to a considerably fewer number of iterations requiring updating of substructure parameters. The analytical proof of the convergence of the theoretical iterative procedure and the demonstration of convergence of its numerical implementation with the help of ANSYS are presented."

        • diff --git a/dist/resources/8/index.html b/dist/resources/8/index.html index 9a86e6d..5510cea 100644 --- a/dist/resources/8/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/8/index.html @@ -180,9 +180,10 @@

          Resources

          Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

          The attached zip file includes a simple example demonstrating the procedure to perform a single-point response spectrum (SPRS), where the excitation in 3 direction is applied together (using SRSS combination), not independently. The procedure for multi-point response spectrum (MPRS) is included as well for the same situation. An Excel spreadsheet shows that the results obtained for this simple model is the same for both methods (compare the mode coefficients for each squared mode in the spreadsheet).

        • -

          st_wave00.pdf

          -

          -

          st_wave00.pdf

          +

          Dynamic Pile Testing and Finite Element Calculations for the Bearing Capacity of a Quay Wall Foundation

          +

          F. Kirsch, B. Plaßmann, T. Huch, W. Rodatz

          +

          "In April 1999 the construction of a new quay wall in the port of Hamburg started. In a first stage two new berths with an overall length of 1400 m will be built. In order to proof the bearing capacity of the foundation dynamic pile testing is performed to a great extent. To date more than thirty different piles were tested by the Institute for Foundation Engineering and Soil Mechanics of the Technical University of Braunschweig. In order to check for possible set-up effects redriven tests were performed. For comparison reasons static load tests were also carried out, one of which was done with an instrumented pile to allow skin friction and end bearing to be evaluated separately. The CAPWAP results proofed to be very helpful especially in those cases where the testing situation differed from the later service condition. Special questions called for detailed finite element analysis of the load-settlement behaviour of single piles in certain construction stages."
          +Although ANSYS is not explicitly mentioned, F. Kirsch also used ANSYS in two related papers, Stability of the vault developing over Soilcrete bodies and Ground Improvement and Its Numerical Analysis.

        • substr-fullpost.zip

          Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

          @@ -200,9 +201,9 @@

          Resources

          t2107.pdf

        • -

          ta_94-1.pdf

          -

          -

          ta_94-1.pdf

          +

          Parameter Studies For Enhanced Integrity Of Reciprocating Compressor Foundation Blocks

          +

          Jayant S. Mandke, Anthony J. Smalley

          +

          "The model development and analyses of reinforced concrete block used the ANSYS finite element program."

        • tan_wei_200804_phd.pdf

          diff --git a/dist/sitemap.xml b/dist/sitemap.xml index 0e894b9..cdeab19 100644 --- a/dist/sitemap.xml +++ b/dist/sitemap.xml @@ -95,4 +95,9 @@ https://ansys.netlify.app/html/fullpowergraphics/ 2021-09-10 + + + https://ansys.netlify.app/extra/helpful/ + 2021-09-15 + From e78befee9cb664fef11ac88403c8c7020de0ee90 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: smhrjn Date: Wed, 15 Sep 2021 18:18:15 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 11/13] descriptions added --- _site/_data/resources.json | 1979 +++++++++++++++++---------------- _site/extra/helpful.md | 6 +- dist/extra/helpful/index.html | 4 +- dist/feed/feed.xml | 2 +- dist/index.html | 26 +- dist/resources/0/index.html | 136 ++- dist/resources/1/index.html | 265 ++--- dist/resources/2/index.html | 255 +++-- dist/resources/3/index.html | 285 +++-- dist/resources/4/index.html | 262 ++--- dist/resources/5/index.html | 244 ++-- dist/resources/6/index.html | 276 ++--- dist/resources/7/index.html | 252 ++--- dist/resources/8/index.html | 251 +++-- dist/resources/9/index.html | 81 +- 15 files changed, 2174 insertions(+), 2150 deletions(-) diff --git a/_site/_data/resources.json b/_site/_data/resources.json index d4d8da4..ac125ab 100644 --- a/_site/_data/resources.json +++ b/_site/_data/resources.json @@ -5,35 +5,11 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/Get_Summary_2005_08_15.pdf", "description": "This is a handy sheet with *GET and *VGET items. A user can print this out as a reference sheet when writing APDL macros." }, - { - "title": "Techniques for Successfully Using ANSYS Contact Elements", - "author": "Rich Bothmann", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/051805_maug_contact_presentation.pdf", - "description": "Presentation from the Midwest ANSYS User Group\n[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 9.0]" - }, - { - "title": "Topology Optimization in ANSYS", - "author": "Brian King (IMPACT Engineering Solutions, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/051805_maug_topology_optimization_presentation.pdf", - "description": "Presentation from Midwest ANSYS User Group on Topological Optimization capability in ANSYS and Workbench Simulation." - }, { "title": "10.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/10.pdf", "description": "10.pdf" }, - { - "title": "An Architecture for Fluid/Structure Analysis of Turbomachinery Blading", - "author": "David A. Johnston, Charles J. Cross, J. Mitch Wolff", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/10_0130_Cross_paper.pdf", - "description": "\"Aeroelastic stability and response analyses used in the design of turbomachinery blading are typically uncoupled: the unsteady aerodynamics and structural dynamics are treated in separate models, with boundary conditions sequentially updated after stationary periodic convergence is met. Higher fidelity simulations are achieved by coupling the fluid and structure domains such that boundary conditions are updated once or several times per physical time step of the simulation.\"\"As a starting point, the turbomachinery CFD research code TURBO (Chen and Briley, 2001) and the commercial structural solver ANSYSŪ has been chosen for coupling, although FSI is designed with modularity for future inclusion of other fluid and structural solvers.\"\n[ANSYS Dynamics, version unspecified]" - }, - { - "title": "Dynamic FEA and Simulation for A Series of Blast-Resist-door", - "author": "Lu Xinzheng and Jiang Jianjing", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/12.pdf", - "description": "\"A series of blast-resist-door were used widely. In order to know the behavior of the doors under blast load and verify the safety of the doors, dynamic finite element analysis and simulation are carried out with advanced FEA software, ANSYS/LS-DYNA and SAP. Contact surfaces are introduced to simulate the relation between the door leaf and doorframe, as well as the relation between the door hinges and bearings. Altogether 24 different load cases are analyzed to simulate various load conditions.\"\n[ANSYS LS-DYNA, version unspecified]" - }, { "title": "13_4.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/13_4.pdf", @@ -70,12 +46,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/2012-optimum_csp_underfill.pdf", "description": "2012-optimum_csp_underfill.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Analysis and Testing of Graphite/Epoxy Concrete Bridge Girders Under Static Loading", - "author": "B. M. Kavlicoglu, F. Gordaninejad, M. Saiidi, Y. Jiang", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/21.pdf", - "description": "\"An innovative graphite/epoxy-concrete (G/E-C) cross-section was developed and tested under two-point static loading. Finite element analysis and theoretical modeling of the cross-section was performed. The cross-section was a box girder with an outer G/E U-beam and inner G/E box beam with concrete webs and flange in between. Shear connection between G/E box beam and concrete slab was provided by a two-part structural epoxy resin. Additional shear connection was provided by steel stirrups located at 254 mm (10 in.) spacing along longitudinal axis of the test specimen. It was observed that, steel stirrups contributed the load carrying capacity after initiation of slippage between G/E beams and concrete. Moreover, a series of bond strength tests were performed to examine the behavior of structural epoxy resin for connection between G/E and concrete. Six G/E strips were subjected to tensile tests to evaluate the longitudinal and transverse elastic moduli of the laminate. Using the proper material properties and assumptions, it was possible to demonstrate the behavior of the section under static loads theoretically and in finite element analysis.\"\n[ANSYS Structural, version 5.5]" - }, { "title": "22x Coupled-Field Elements [PDF]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -87,18 +57,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/25.pdf", "description": "25.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Element for Modelling of Interaction Between Foundations and Bedrock in ANSYS Software", - "author": "Radim Cajka, Ondrej Víta", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/2522-3EN.pdf", - "description": "\"Ansys provides standard solutions to contact tasks. It is a high-performing computing tool that offers several modifications, making it possible to create a new element and adjust the calculation to individual requirements. When dealing with specific problems relating to the contact between the foundation and the foundation soil, it is possible to create an element that will take into account the behaviour of a soil layer under the foundation exposed to shear. The shearing load can be caused by undermining, concrete creep, or concrete shrinkage.\"\nExample of user-defined element (older USER100-105)\n[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 5.7.1] " - }, - { - "title": "Off-Axis Loads Cause Failure of the Distal Radius at Lower Magnitudes than Axial Loads: A Finite Element Analysis", - "author": "Karen L. Troy and Mark D. Grabiner", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/26.pdf", - "description": "\"Distal radius fractures are among the most common fall-related injuries in older women. Numerous studies have quantified upper extremity fall biomechanics with the goal of identifying possible interventions to reduce the peak force on the wrists, thereby reducing the number of fractures. Fracture initiation depends both on the force applied to the bone and upon the strength of the bone itself; thus, poor bone quality has been implicated as a factor in distal radius fractures. Generally, an intervention to improve bone quality (such as antiresorptive therapy) is considered successful if bone mineral density (BMD) can be increased by 2-4%.\nCadaver and finite element studies have previously quantified the force required to cause a distal radius fracture. To date, however, only simple axial loads on the radius have been considered. Because most falls onto the hands result in off-axis loads, we considered the possibility that a combination of loading modes would significantly influence the fracture strength of the distal radius. Here, we used a validated finite element model of the distal radius, scaphoid, and lunate, to explore the effects of loading direction and changes in BMD on predicted fracture strength.\"\n[ANSYS Structural, version 10.0]" - }, { "title": "3-Dimensional thermal analysis and active cooling of short-length high-power fiber lasers", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/89E56210-BDB9-137E-C5E99E1403B17F75_83733.pdf", @@ -109,28 +67,11 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/3964aeng.pdf", "description": "3964aeng.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Multi-Criteria Shape Optimization of a Funnel in Cathode Ray Tubes Using Response Surface Model", - "author": "Tae Hee Lee, Kwangki Lee, Kwang Soon Lee", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/3rdASMO-UK-THLeeKKLee.pdf", - "description": "\"The ultimate goal of simulation that represents the behaviour of structures is to optimize their response performances within the specific requirements and needs with respect to the design variables. The first step of the design of cathode ray tubes is to design the glass geometry, called funnel geometry, to endure the vacuum stress because it is a main structure of cathode ray tubes. In order to create 3-dimensional funnel geometry in the cathode ray tubes, higher order response surface model is used instead of NURBS (non-uniform rational B-splines) or Bezier curve because it is more robust for understanding the geometry change in finite element analysis. By combining finite element analysis, response surface model and sequential quadratic programming within the process integration framework, the shape optimization of a funnel is successfully performed and the maximum stress is reduced to almost half of the current one.\"" - }, { "title": "51ectc_outstanding_poster.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/51ectc_outstanding_poster.pdf", "description": "51ectc_outstanding_poster.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Understanding Accuracy and Discretization Error in an FEA Model", - "author": "Jon Pointer", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/54.pdf", - "description": "\"The often-ignored topic of mesh discretization error is examined to identify a simple set of rules that the average user can enlist to determine solution accuracy. The sources of discretization error are explained, tools to quantify it are introduced and an example is given. The purpose is to bring an understanding of these issues and usable tools to the common user who is not proficient in the mathematical basis of FEA.\"\n\n[ANSYS 7.1, 2004 Conference]" - }, - { - "title": "56.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/56.pdf", - "description": "56.pdf" - }, { "title": "587.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/587.pdf", @@ -146,12 +87,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/772.pdf", "description": "772.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Mesh Discretization Error and Criteria for Accuracy of Finite Element Solutions", - "author": "Chandresh Shah", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/9.pdf", - "description": "\"Any finite element analysis performed by an engineer is subject to several types of errors that can compromise the validity of the results. These errors can be broadly classified under the following categories: 1) user error - incorrect usage of FE software or input by the FE analyst, 2) errors due to assumptions and simplifications used in the model and 3) errors due to insufficient mesh discretization. User errors can be prevented by developing and utilizing a comprehensive pre and post processing checklist and by appropriate training in the basics of finite element analysis and usage of FE software. Errors due to modeling assumptions and simplifications can be alleviated by adding complexity to the model so that it better represents the physics of the problem being analyzed. Errors due to the inadequacy or coarseness of the mesh are often overlooked by the analyst. These errors due to mesh discretization can be fixed by evaluating the quality of the mesh and by developing and utilizing criteria that characterize the accuracy of the FE solution. This paper describes the source of mesh discretization error and presents several criteria that can be used by an FE analyst to evaluate the accuracy of the FE solution.\"\n\n[ANSYS 5.7, 2002 Conference] " - }, { "title": "9601-010.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/9601-010.pdf", @@ -163,10 +98,52 @@ "description": "98-102.pdf" }, { - "title": "Developing The Basis For Target Injection And Tracking In Inertial Fusion Energy Power Plants", - "author": "D.T. Goodin, C.R. Gibson, R.W. Petzoldt, N.P. Siegel, L. Thompson, A. Nobile, G.E. Besenbruch, K.R.", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/A23417.pdf", - "description": "The use of ANSYS's thermal and CFD capabilities to analyze the target injection and tracking of an Inertial Fusion Energy power plant" + "title": "A 3D Dynamical Biomechanical Tongue Model to Study Speech Motor Control", + "author": "Jean-Michel Gérard, Reiner Wilhelms-Tricarico, Pascal Perrier & Yohan Payan", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/Gerard_et_al.pdf", + "description": "\"A 3D biomechanical dynamical model of human tongue is presented, that is elaborated in the aim to test hypotheses about speech motor control. Tissue elastic properties are accounted for in Finite Element Modeling (FEM). The FEM mesh was designed in order to facilitate the implementation of muscle arrangement within the tongue. Therefore, its structure was determined on the basis of accurate anatomical data about the tongue. Mechanically, the hypothesis of hyperelasticity was adopted with the Mooney-Rivlin formulation of the strain energy function. Muscles are modeled as general force generators that act on anatomically specified sets of nodes of the FEM structure. The 8 muscles that are known to be largely involved in the production of basic speech movements are modeled. The model and the solving of the Lagrangian equations of movement are implemented using the ANSYS™ software. Simulations of the influence of muscle activations onto the tongue shape are presented and analyzed.\"" + }, + { + "title": "A 64-Pixel Linear Thermopile Array Chip Designed for Vacuum Environment", + "author": "U. Dillner, E. Kessler, V. Baier, A. Berger, T. Eick, D. Behrendt, H. Urban", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/IRS2006_reprint.pdf", + "description": "\"We report on the development of a 64-pixel high performance linear thermopile array chip designed for vacuum environment based on a silicon nitride membrane as substrate, Bi0.87Sb0.13/Sb as thermoelectric materials combination and an Ag-black broadband absorber layer. The array chip was mounted on a ceramic substrate and placed on the socket of a commercial hybrid package with 64 pins. Measurements of the linear array chip in vacuum environment and in absence of an entrance filter delivered a responsivity of 245 V/W, a sensitivity of 166 µVm˛/W, a specific detectivity of 1.6x109 cmHz1/2/W at an electrical resistance of 9 k and a thermal time constant of 150 ms. The pixelto- pixel cross-talk was reduced to less than 0.4 % due to slits in the membrane between adjacent pixels made by dry etching.\"\n[ANSYS Thermal, version unknown]" + }, + { + "title": "A DOS-Enhanced Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Through an Array of Offset Fins with Conjugate Heating in the Bounding Solid", + "author": "E.M. Sparrow, J.P. Abraham, P.W. Chevalier", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/general_Reports_rptfiles_2005-263.pdf", + "description": "\"The method of Design of Simulation (DOS) was used to guide and enhance a numerical simulation of fluid flow and heat transfer through offset-fin arrays which form the interior geometry of a cold plate. The basic problem involved 11 independent parameters. This prohibitive parametric burden was lessened by the creative use of nondimensionalization that was brought to fruition by a special transformation of the boundary conditions. Subsequent to the reduction of the number of parameters, the DOS method was employed to limit the number of simulation runs while maintaining an accurate representation of the parameter space. The DOS method also provided excellent correlations of both the dimensionless heat transfer and pressure drop results. The results were evaluated with respect to the Colburn Analogy for heat and momentum transfer. It was found that the offseting of the fins created a larger increase in the friction factor than that which was realized for the dimensionless heat transfer coefficient.\"\n\nSimilar paper can be found here.\n[ANSYS Flotran, version unknown]" + }, + { + "title": "A Finite Element Model For Pre- And Post-Test Calculations of the FOREVER-Experiments", + "author": "H. G. Willschuetz, E. Altstadt, F. P. Weiss, B. R. Sehgal", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/fp8542.pdf", + "description": "\"An axis-symmetric Finite Element (FE) model is developed based on the multi-purpose code ANSYS/Multiphysics. Using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) module the temperature field within the melt pool and within the vessel wall is evaluated. The transient structural mechanical calculations are then performed applying a creep model which takes into account large temperature, stress and strain variations.\" (Document 2)" + }, + { + "title": "A Non-Linear Domain Decomposition Method", + "author": "Iakov Mordukhovich Klebanov, Andrei Nikolaevich Davydov", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/nonlinear_domain_decomposition_method.pdf", + "description": "\"A new domain decomposition technique for parallelization of physically non-linear problems in solid mechanics is developed. It is extended for any stress-strain diagrams. The approach is based on the approximating generalized models of subdomains that leads to a considerably fewer number of iterations requiring updating of substructure parameters. The analytical proof of the convergence of the theoretical iterative procedure and the demonstration of convergence of its numerical implementation with the help of ANSYS are presented.\"" + }, + { + "title": "A SMA Actuated Artificial Earthworm", + "author": "A. Menciassi, S. Gorini, G. Pernorio, P. Dario", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/Bioloch_ICRA04.pdf", + "description": "\"This paper presents the design and development of a microrobot which aims to replicate the locomotion principle of earthworms. The undulatory locomotion of living earthworms has been investigated deeply from the biological point of view, but attempts of replication of earthworm models in real size are limited. The authors designed an artificial earthworm with four modules which can be driven independently according to defined undulatory patterns with a typical frequency of 0.5 Hz. Each module is actuated by one or more SMA springs whose configuration has been designed in order to limit the wiring problems and optimizing working frequency. The robot is covered by a shaped silicone material which can be used as a platform to insert tiny legs for obtaining differential friction conditions. Preliminary tests demonstrate that the earthworm prototypes can move with a speed of 0.22 mm/s, thus approximating the behavior of biological earthworms. earthworms. Hopefully, the artificial moving earthworm will constitute a platform for improving the knowledge of mechanisms regulating motion and perception abilities of these creatures.\"\nModel in paper does not use TB,SMA constitutive model." + }, + { + "title": "A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Stress Distribution in a Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque: In-Vivo Prediction of Plaque Rupture Location", + "author": "Jacques Ohayon, Gérard Finet, François Treyve, Gilles Rioufol and Olivier Dubreuil", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/Ohayon_BACAS_05.pdf", + "description": "\"This paper aims at predicting the plaque rupture location of one patient with stable angina and scheduled to undergo percutaneous coronary intervention. The peak circumferential stress (PCS) is considered as the determining biomechanical factor in the mechanisms leading to rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque and is often used as a predictor of atherosclerotic plaque rupture location. Up to now, to define the site of PCS concentrations, twodimensional (2D) finite element (FE) analyses were performed on the smallest luminal cross-sectional area of the coronary plaque. In-vivo three-dimensional (3D) FE modeling of atherosclerotic coronaries may be very valuable and more accurate than the 2D FE analysis in helping cardiologists evaluate the risk of spontaneous plaque rupture in a patient. In this work, the performances of the 2D and 3D FE approaches have been compared and the limits of the 2D structural analysis has been pointed out.\"\n[ANSYS Structural, version 8.0]" + }, + { + "title": "A Vision-Based Technique for Objective Assessment of Burn Scars", + "author": "Leonid V. Tsap, Dmitry B. Goldgof, Sudeep Sarkar, and Pauline S. Powers", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/tmi98.pdf", + "description": "\"In this paper a method for the objective assessment of burn scars is proposed. The quantitative measures developed in this research provide an objective way to calculate elastic properties of burn scars relative to the surrounding areas. The approach combines range data and the mechanics and motion dynamics of human tissues. Active contours are employed to locate regions of interest and to find displacements of feature points using automatically established correspondences. Changes in strain distribution over time are evaluated. Given images at two time instances and their corresponding features, the finite element method is used to synthesize strain distributions of the underlying tissues.\"" }, { "title": "ANSYS Cast Iron Material Model Matches Experimental Data", @@ -174,8 +151,33 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/cast_iron.doc.pdf", "description": "\"[The purpose of this paper is to] verify the accuracy of the ANSYS cast iron material model. Results from ANSYS are compared with experimental data for a biaxially loaded cruciform geometry.\"" }, + { + "title": "ANSYS Equation Solvers: Usage and Guidelines", + "author": "Gene Poole (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/solver_2002.pdf", + "description": "Discussion of ANSYS solvers, focusing on the sparse direct solver and PCG iterative solver.\nOriginally presented at the 2002 Conference." + }, + { + "title": "ANSYS Mechanical - A Powerful Nonlinear Simulation Tool", + "author": "Grama Bhashyam (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/ansys_mechanical_wp.pdf", + "description": "A whitepaper describing various ANSYS features in the area of nonlinear mechanics, including element formulation, constitutive models, and contact technology." + }, + { + "title": "ANSYS PDS article in Machine Design [PDF]", + "author": "Stefan Reh", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/machdesn_pds.pdf", + "description": "While this may not be a conventional technical paper, it presents information on ANSYS PDS (Probabilistic Design System), a beta feature in 5.6 and officially released in 5.7. Instead of a deterministic approach, a stochastic method provides better product reliability measures" + }, + { + "title": "ANSYS PDS overview [PDF]", + "author": "Stefan Reh", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/PDS_Overview.pdf", + "description": "A three-page overview/summary sent on the XANSYS Mailing list on PDS, beta in ANSYS 5.6, officially released at 5.7." + }, { "title": "ANSYS news", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/ansys_news_1996_1.pdf", "description": "First Issue of ANSYS News" }, @@ -190,12 +192,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/ANSYS_University_Support_Program.pdf", "description": "ANSYS_University_Support_Program.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Analyzing Hyperelastic Materials w/ Some Practical Considerations", - "author": "Paris Altidis and Vince Adams", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/ANSYS_Users_Group_Hyperelastic_Materials.pdf", - "description": "Presentation from the Midwest ANSYS User Group\n[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]" - }, { "title": "ANSYS_distributed_tutorial_8.1.zip", "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -209,61 +205,58 @@ "description": "\"Because of the flexibility and automation APDL (ANSYS Parametric Design Language) provides, many users tend to write input files and macros in addition to using the GUI.\nThere are currently no recognized ‘standards’ of writing APDL macros or input files, although there may exist standards within companies on APDL coding. The lack of APDL coding standards may make inheriting someone else’s input files or macros more difficult. Also, parameter or component conflicts may also arise when using multiple macros.\nThis memo hopes to provide some ideas for groups or individuals wishing to develop APDL standards in writing macros or input files.\"" }, { - "title": "Transient Thermal Analysis of Spot Welding Electrodes", - "author": "K. S. Yeung, P. H. Thornton", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/ARTICLE1.pdf", - "description": "\"The accurate thermal simulation of a spot welding electrode cap could permit critical design parameters to be identified for improved electrode life. In this study, a parametric model has been developed to predict the transient thermal behavior of a typical spot welding electrode cap. The model employs the technique of conjugate heat transfer analysis to avoid the problem of estimating a value for the heat transfer coefficient that arises with conventional heat transfer analysis.\"" - }, - { - "title": "Anisotropic Plasticity and Failure Prediction in Wood Composites", - "author": "David M. Moses, Helmut G.L. Prion", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/anisotropic_plasticity_failure_prediction_wood.pdf", - "description": "\"Two case studies are summarized using anisotropic plasticity and the Weibull weakest link failure model to predict the behavior of wood and wood composites. The linear elastic orthotropic model normally used for wood is shown to be insufficient for the prediction of ultimate strength in wood. Non-linear, non-recoverable behavior in compression in each of the orthogonal material directions is of particular interest in cases where localized crushing governs the load-displacement behavior of wood.\"\r\n \r\n \"The anisotropic plasticity option in ANSYS was used to predict yielding and post-yield behavior for the wood composite used in this study because yield stresses in orthogonal directions were found to be in the ratio of 1:1.2:5. A user-programmable Fortran subroutine was developed for ANSYS to carry out the failure analysis (and to calculate the volume integration of the stresses) at each load-step in post-processing. The model was verified using two cases: I) the ASTM D143 shear block test, and II) bolted connections.\"" + "title": "APDL and Vector Operations [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/STI02_APDL_and_Vector_Operations.zip", + "description": "\"Vector and matrix operations in APDL are an invaluable method of manipulating array data, as they provide very fast, computationally efficient means of helping the user perform pre- or post-processing operations on the model.\nThere are many ways of storing data, ranging from arrays to tables to strings. Moreover, manipulation of numerical data can be in the form of vectors or matrices via the *Vxxx and *Mxxx commands, respectively. The user is referred to the APDL Programmer’s Guide in the ANSYS online help for a thorough discussion of the capabilities of APDL, but, in this memo, a basic introduction to vector operations will be covered.\"" }, { - "title": "Integrating ANSYS with Modern Numerical Optimization Technologies", - "author": "Shen-Yeh Chen", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/Ans-Mag1b.pdf", - "description": "\"Design automation with finite element analysis as a simulation and evaluation tool is becoming more and more desired. The ability to do automatic design iteration has constantly been a popular research and engineering topic. In this article, we will show how Honeywell Engines & Systems took advantage of the flexible environment of ANSYS to achieve this goal.\" (Optimization, APDL)" + "title": "Acoustic Elements [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/STI01_Acoustic_Elements.zip", + "description": "\"For many years, ANSYS has 2D and 3D acoustic elements, including those used to model an “infinite” boundary. These elements can be used in modal, harmonic, and transient analyses, and fluid-structural interaction can also be accounted for in these simulations.\n\nThis memo hopes to review the following topics related to harmonic acoustic analyses: basic comparison of structural and acoustic elements, modeling complex impedance boundary conditions, and defining complex pressure loading. A set of input files, which analyze the case of a simple radiating sphere, is included with this memo.\"" }, { - "title": "Ansys_PT_EEC.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/Ansys_PT_EEC.pdf", - "description": "Ansys_PT_EEC.pdf" + "title": "Acoustic Postprocessing [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/STI0706_Acoustic_Postprocessing.zip", + "description": "\"Acoustic analyses in ANSYS provides insight to the propagation of sound, and both visual and aural postprocessing can aid in this objective. This memo hopes to cover postprocessing methods for acoustic problems other than standard contour and XY plots.\"" }, { - "title": "Design and Implementation of a Flow Microsensor by using Silicon Microelectronics Technology", - "author": "Roberto Rodrigues and Rogerio Furlan", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/Artigo.pdf", - "description": "\"This work presents the design of a gas flow microsensor that was implemented by using silicon microelectronics technology. Its main features are a low power consumption (tens of mW) and the possibility of integration in flow microactuators. It was adopted a calorimetric device with free-standing microfilaments and thermoresistive sensor elements. Analytical and numerical modeling were developed for device analyses and design. The free-standing microfilaments were fabricated using surface micromachining. Characteristic curves, of output voltage vs. flow, were obtained by using a commercial flow sensor for calibration. A good agreement was obtained comparing the flow microsensor experimental characteristic curves with numerical simulation results.\"" + "title": "Advanced Tools for Design and Analyses of High Temperature Cyclic Loaded Turbine Components", + "author": "U. Gampe, I. Martynov, J. Keyser", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/user_def1.pdf", + "description": "\"The paper presents a new concept to predict viscoplastic deformations in components under thermal mechanical loading. This approach is based both on material data from uniaxial creep tests and additional laboratory component tests to consider the influence of multiaxiality. This concept was used for analysis of feature tests of flat tensile specimens with central hole. The maximum test temperature was 600 °C and the surface of the hole was attacked by cyclic thermal shocks.\"(This paper refers to use of ANSYS User-Defined Materials. A related paper is Laboratory Component Testing for Investigation of Material Degradation from Creep-Fatigue Interaction.)" }, { - "title": "An Efficient FETI Implementation on Distributed Shared Memory Machines with Independent Numbers of Subdomains and Processors", - "author": "Michel Lesoinne and Kendall Pierson", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/B0-8218-0988-1-03024-7.pdf", - "description": "\"Until now, many implementations of the FETI method have been designed either as sequential codes on a single CPU, or as parallel implementations with a One Subdomain per Processor approach. This approach has been particularly typical of implementations on distributed memory architectures such as the IBM SP2. In the last couple of years, several computer manufacturers have introduced new machines with a Distributed Shared Memory (DSM) programming model {e.g. SGI Origin 2000, or HP Exemplar. In such architectures, the physical memory is distributed among the processors or CPU boards but any memory location can be accessed logically by any CPU independently of where the particular memory page being accessed has physically been allocated. As more and more machines of this type are available with a relatively small number of processors, the interest in implementing FETI with an independent number of subdomains and processor has increased. We report on such an implementation of FETI and highlight the benefits of this feature. We have found that medium size to large problems can be solved even on a sequential machine with time and memory requirements that are one to two order of magnitude better than a direct solver.\"" + "title": "Advancing Analysis Capabilities In ANSYS Through Solver Technology", + "author": "Gene Poole, Yong-Cheng Liu, and Jan Mandel", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/amg2001.pdf", + "description": "\"This paper will describe implementation considerations for the addition of new solver technology to a large legacy code, compare resource requirements for the various solver choices and present some comparative results from several customer generated problems. The AMG solver benefits, both in improved robustness and parallel processing efficiency will be described. The paper will also discuss some of the implementation challenges that have been overcome to add new solver technology to a large existing code. The role of solver technology in meeting current and future demands of large scale commercial analysis codes will be discussed.\"" }, { - "title": "BaBar295.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/BaBar295.pdf", - "description": "BaBar295.pdf" + "title": "Algebraic Multigrid By Smoothed Aggregation For Second And Fourth Order Elliptic Problems", + "author": "Petr Van Ek, Jan Mandel, and Marian Brezina", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/meis.pdf", + "description": "\"An algebraic multigrid algorithm for symmetric, positive definite linear systems is developed based on the concept of prolongation by smoothed aggregation. Coarse levels are generated automatically. We present a set of requirements motivated heuristically by a convergence theory. The algorithm then attempts to satisfy the requirements. Input to the method are the coefficient matrix and zero energy modes, which are determined from nodal coordinates and knowledge of the differential equation. Efficiency of the resulting algorithm is demonstrated by computational results on real world problems from solid elasticity, plate bending, and shells.\"" }, { - "title": "Basics of ANSYS Macros [PDF]", - "author": "David Haberman (CSI)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/week_28_totw-macros.pdf", - "description": "Basics of creating and using macros (APDL) in ANSYS." + "title": "An Approach to Combined Laplacian and Optimization-Based Smoothing for Triangular, Quadrilateral, and Quad-Dominant Meshes [PDF]", + "author": "Scott A. Canann, Joseph R. Tristano, Matthew L. Staten", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/combined_l_o_smoothing.pdf", + "description": "\"In this paper, an overall mesh smoothing scheme is presented for meshes consisting of triangular, quadrilateral, or mixed triangular and quadrilateral elements. This paper describes an efficient and robust combination of constrained Laplacian smoothing together with an optimization-based smoothing algorithm.\"" }, { - "title": "Bioloch_ICRA04.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/Bioloch_ICRA04.pdf", - "description": "Bioloch_ICRA04.pdf" + "title": "An Architecture for Fluid/Structure Analysis of Turbomachinery Blading", + "author": "David A. Johnston, Charles J. Cross, J. Mitch Wolff", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/10_0130_Cross_paper.pdf", + "description": "\"Aeroelastic stability and response analyses used in the design of turbomachinery blading are typically uncoupled: the unsteady aerodynamics and structural dynamics are treated in separate models, with boundary conditions sequentially updated after stationary periodic convergence is met. Higher fidelity simulations are achieved by coupling the fluid and structure domains such that boundary conditions are updated once or several times per physical time step of the simulation.\"\"As a starting point, the turbomachinery CFD research code TURBO (Chen and Briley, 2001) and the commercial structural solver ANSYSŪ has been chosen for coupling, although FSI is designed with modularity for future inclusion of other fluid and structural solvers.\"\n[ANSYS Dynamics, version unspecified]" }, { - "title": "Building Parametric Models [PDF]", - "author": "David Haberman (CSI)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/Week_22_totw-parametric-model.pdf", - "description": "This memo provides an overview of APDL, defining parameters, and creating parametric models." + "title": "An Efficient FETI Implementation on Distributed Shared Memory Machines with Independent Numbers of Subdomains and Processors", + "author": "Michel Lesoinne and Kendall Pierson", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/B0-8218-0988-1-03024-7.pdf", + "description": "\"Until now, many implementations of the FETI method have been designed either as sequential codes on a single CPU, or as parallel implementations with a One Subdomain per Processor approach. This approach has been particularly typical of implementations on distributed memory architectures such as the IBM SP2. In the last couple of years, several computer manufacturers have introduced new machines with a Distributed Shared Memory (DSM) programming model {e.g. SGI Origin 2000, or HP Exemplar. In such architectures, the physical memory is distributed among the processors or CPU boards but any memory location can be accessed logically by any CPU independently of where the particular memory page being accessed has physically been allocated. As more and more machines of this type are available with a relatively small number of processors, the interest in implementing FETI with an independent number of subdomains and processor has increased. We report on such an implementation of FETI and highlight the benefits of this feature. We have found that medium size to large problems can be solved even on a sequential machine with time and memory requirements that are one to two order of magnitude better than a direct solver.\"" }, { "title": "An Interpretation of the Physics of Fluid-Structure Interaction in the Frequency Domain", @@ -272,57 +265,344 @@ "description": "\"This paper constitutes an attempt to interpret the physics of FSI where the structure is vibrating. The structure considered is a very simple physical device, namely a flat cantilever plate. Many presumably important details are only briefly mentioned, other are left completely out of the discussion. The intention with the paper is to emphasize that there are cases where Fluid - Structure Interaction can be successfully simulated without having to utilize a Navier-Stokes Solver coupled with a (non-linear) Structural Analysis Program, a concept that requires vast amounts of computer time for linear vibrations (but is highly relevant for other applications).\"" }, { - "title": "COMPMENU.zip", - "author": "Jim Patterson (Hendrickson Trailer Suspension Systems)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/COMPMENU.zip", - "description": "\"I have a set of macros to generate toolbars based on the defined components in the db. You can then call these toolbars from the main toolbar to aid in the selecting of the components. This includes \"select\", \"also select\", and \"unselect\". You can also \"remake\"the components from the toolbar. As someone who works with assemblies of shell models almost constantly, this has been a huge time saver for me.\"\n Tested on 5.7 through 6.1. Unzip the file and read the supplied Word document for instructions." + "title": "An Introduction to the Conjugate Gradient Method Without the Agonizing Pain", + "author": "Jonathan R. Shewchuk", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/painless-conjugate-gradient.pdf", + "description": "This paper presents a very well-written explanation of conjugate gradient methods. It is helpful in understanding better the idea behind CG solvers in ANSYS (PCG, JCG, ICCG, AMG, etc.)." }, { - "title": "Coupling low-order elements to high-order elements in ANSYS", - "author": "Aaron Acton", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/acton20080620-coupling_low_to_high.pdf", - "description": "\"This article presents several methods for obtaining coupling at the interface between low- and high-order elements in ANSYS. This situation can be encountered when modelling the fluid-structure interaction between a solid domain, modelled with quadratic elements, and an acoustic fluid domain, modelled with linear elements. The two methods determined to be most suitable for achieving this coupling are by using either constraint equations or contact elements, both of which are likely more-robust methods than by simply attaching coincident nodes on matching meshes. Examples are provided for each case described herein, and the results from each are compared to the ANSYS 11.0 verification problem VM177.\"" + "title": "An Object Oriented Approach to Geometry Defeaturing for Finite Element Meshing [PDF]", + "author": "Anton V. Mobley, Michael P. Carroll, and Scott A. Canann", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/object_oriented_defeaturing.pdf", + "description": "\"In this paper, an object-oriented approach to automatic geometry defeaturing is presented. The geometric and finite element data abstractions are given, along with the basic algorithms used.\"" }, { - "title": "Creating APDL Macros [PDF]", - "author": "Mike Rife (CSI)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/week9-apdl-2.pdf", - "description": "The use of the Ansys Parametric Design Language, APDL, to create simple but reusable macros can be a significant time saver. This Tip of the Week will show two examples of macros written for current Ansys users. These macros may be extended or used as templates for future macros." + "title": "Analysis Of Gasketed Flanges With Ordinary Elements Using APDL Control", + "author": "Yasumasa Shoji, Satoshi Nagata", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/gasketed_flanges_ordinary_elements_apdl_control.pdf", + "description": "\"The analysis of gasketted flanges is now becoming an essential technique to design pressure vessels or piping, because the design code is being modified. On the other hand, the gasket has an extreme nonlinearity which causes the analysis to be very difficult, especially using linear material properties. A finite element analysis program other than ANSYS has the element library for gasket element, but ANSYS does not have it yet.\"\r\n \r\n \"The authors developed a method to model this nonlinear gasket by using the elements available in ANSYS Rel. 5.5 for 2-dimensional axisymmetric analysis and those in Rel. 5.6 for 3-dimensional analysis. In this paper, the concept and the procedure of the modeling is introduced. The data input is possible using a template, without using any other ANSYS commands. The whole analysis execution is controlled by APDL.\"\r\n \r\n [STI: Gasket elements are available from version 6.1 onwards, after this paper was written]" }, { - "title": "Creating a Helical Path", - "author": "Paul McGarry (Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/Helical_Path.pdf", - "description": "\"A step by step GUI method for creating a left or right-handed helix, in any axis, for any pitch or diameter.\"" + "title": "Analysis Of Reinforced Concrete Structures Using ANSYS Nonlinear Concrete Model", + "author": "Antonio F. Barbosa and Gabriel O. Ribeiro", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/analysis-of-reinforced-concrete.pdf", + "description": "\"This paper considers the practical application of nonlinear models in the analysis of reinforced concrete structures. The results of some analyses performed using the reinforced concrete model of the general purpose finite element code ANSYS are presented and discussed.\"" }, { - "title": "Customizing GUI Behavior [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/STI06_Customize_GUI.pdf", - "description": "\"The /UIS and /MSTART commands provide the user with control over much of the GUI behavior. At 5.7 and 6.0, this has been extended to include control over the multilegend feature, background color, and mouse button assignment for dynamic rotations. Used in conjunction with the startxx.ans file, this allows the user to change GUI behavior in each ANSYS session.\"" + "title": "Analysis Of The FOREVER-Experiments Using A Finite Element Model", + "author": "Eberhard Altstadt, Thomas Moessner, Baj Ral Sehgal, Hans-Georg Willschütz", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/jb99_14.pdf", + "description": "\"An axis-symmetric Finite Element (FE) model is developed based on the multi-purpose code ANSYS/Multiphysics. Using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) module the temperature field within the melt pool and within the vessel wall is evaluated. The transient structural mechanical calculations are then performed applying a creep model which takes into account large temperature, stress and strain variations.\" (Document 1)" }, { - "title": "DistributedLoad.zip", - "author": "Paris Altidis (Borg Warner)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/DistributedLoad.zip", - "description": "Zip file containing two example macros of applying distributed pressures." + "title": "Analysis and Testing of Graphite/Epoxy Concrete Bridge Girders Under Static Loading", + "author": "B. M. Kavlicoglu, F. Gordaninejad, M. Saiidi, Y. Jiang", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/21.pdf", + "description": "\"An innovative graphite/epoxy-concrete (G/E-C) cross-section was developed and tested under two-point static loading. Finite element analysis and theoretical modeling of the cross-section was performed. The cross-section was a box girder with an outer G/E U-beam and inner G/E box beam with concrete webs and flange in between. Shear connection between G/E box beam and concrete slab was provided by a two-part structural epoxy resin. Additional shear connection was provided by steel stirrups located at 254 mm (10 in.) spacing along longitudinal axis of the test specimen. It was observed that, steel stirrups contributed the load carrying capacity after initiation of slippage between G/E beams and concrete. Moreover, a series of bond strength tests were performed to examine the behavior of structural epoxy resin for connection between G/E and concrete. Six G/E strips were subjected to tensile tests to evaluate the longitudinal and transverse elastic moduli of the laminate. Using the proper material properties and assumptions, it was possible to demonstrate the behavior of the section under static loads theoretically and in finite element analysis.\"\n[ANSYS Structural, version 5.5]" + }, + { + "title": "Analytical Modeling Of Glued Laminated Girder Bridges Using ANSYS", + "author": "Anil Kurian", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/kurian.pdf", + "description": "\"This paper aims at developing a finite element model of glued laminated girder bridges that can predict accurately the analytical behavior of the bridges. Two models have been developed to study the characteristics of this type of bridge. Two case studies have been considered to validate the accuracy of the models. The first case study is a long span single-lane bridge, the Tuscaloosa Bridge, in Alabama. The second case study is a medium span two-lane bridge, the Cow Gu lch Bridge, in Montana. The models show good correlation with the experimental data and hence, the models can be used to find the maximum deflections in the bridge.\"Use of ANSYS 5.0 (1992 version)" + }, + { + "title": "Analyzing Hyperelastic Materials w/ Some Practical Considerations", + "author": "Paris Altidis and Vince Adams", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/ANSYS_Users_Group_Hyperelastic_Materials.pdf", + "description": "Presentation from the Midwest ANSYS User Group\n[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]" + }, + { + "title": "Anisotropic Plasticity and Failure Prediction in Wood Composites", + "author": "David M. Moses, Helmut G.L. Prion", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/anisotropic_plasticity_failure_prediction_wood.pdf", + "description": "\"Two case studies are summarized using anisotropic plasticity and the Weibull weakest link failure model to predict the behavior of wood and wood composites. The linear elastic orthotropic model normally used for wood is shown to be insufficient for the prediction of ultimate strength in wood. Non-linear, non-recoverable behavior in compression in each of the orthogonal material directions is of particular interest in cases where localized crushing governs the load-displacement behavior of wood.\"\r\n \r\n \"The anisotropic plasticity option in ANSYS was used to predict yielding and post-yield behavior for the wood composite used in this study because yield stresses in orthogonal directions were found to be in the ratio of 1:1.2:5. A user-programmable Fortran subroutine was developed for ANSYS to carry out the failure analysis (and to calculate the volume integration of the stresses) at each load-step in post-processing. The model was verified using two cases: I) the ASTM D143 shear block test, and II) bolted connections.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Ansys_PT_EEC.pdf", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/Ansys_PT_EEC.pdf", + "description": "Ansys_PT_EEC.pdf" + }, + { + "title": "BMSweep: Locating Interior Nodes During Sweeping [PDF]", + "author": "Matthew L. Staten, Scott A. Canann, and Steve J. Owen", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/bmsweep.pdf", + "description": "\"BMSweep is a new algorithm to determine the location of interior nodes while volume sweeping.\"" + }, + { + "title": "BaBar295.pdf", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/BaBar295.pdf", + "description": "BaBar295.pdf" + }, + { + "title": "Basics of ANSYS Macros [PDF]", + "author": "David Haberman (CSI)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/week_28_totw-macros.pdf", + "description": "Basics of creating and using macros (APDL) in ANSYS." + }, + { + "title": "Basics on Structural Damping (Addendum) [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/STI0804_Damping.zip", + "description": "\"Since ANSYS 5.6, there have been numerous enhancements as well as facets of the software program that have changed, including treatment of damping. This article is meant to serve as an addendum to Section 6 of the author’s \"Structural Damping\"memo, which was written in October, 2000.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Basics on Structural Damping [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/STI09_Damping.zip", + "description": "This is an old document I wrote a while ago on damping which I sometimes use. Although written back at version 5.6, it is still applicable at version 7.0.\n\"Damping is required in many dynamic applications, yet because there are many ways to include it, there is often confusion regarding the implementation of damping in ANSYS. This memo hopes to provide a general summary of the representation of damping available in ANSYS.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Benchmark Tests on ANSYS Parallel Processing Technology", + "author": "Kentaro Suzuki", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/benchmar_tests_on_ansys_parallel_proc.pdf", + "description": "\"ANSYS Inc. has released parallel processing solvers, DDS (Distributed Domain Solver) and AMG (Algebraic Multigrid Solver) in ANSYS version 5.7 in order to meet the requirements from the market.\"\n\n\"In this paper, simple tests are first carried out to confirm the features and capabilities of DDS and AMG for different types of analyses. Furthermore, real-life problems such as thermal stress of an engine block (7.3 million DOF) and elastic-plastic-creep behavior of an IC packaging (about 84,000 DOF) are analyzed. The effectiveness of ANSYS parallel processing solvers is also studied.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Beta Electrical Contact Features at 6.0 [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/STI01_Electrical_Contact_Beta_6.0.zip", + "description": "\"This issue describes a beta feature at 6.0, which is electrical contact capability of 17x surface-to-surface contact elements. This new capability allows contact in thermal-electric and structural-thermal-electric problems.\"\n(Week 13, week of 01/07/02.)" + }, + { + "title": "Biomechanical Interaction Between Cap Thickness, Lipid Core Composition and Blood Pressure in Vulnerable Coronary Plaque: Impact on Stability or Insta", + "author": "Gerard Finet, Jacques Ohayon and Gilles Rioufo", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/Finet_CAD_04.pdf", + "description": "\"A ‘thin’ fibrous cap atheroma is the typical morphological characteristic of vulnerable plaque. Yet the very pathological studies that have provided these descriptions have also shown the actual prediction of plaque rupture to be rather less exact. Other relevant characteristics must be involved in the mechanisms of plaque rupture—blood pressure loading (P) and the material properties of the soft atheromatous core—as predictors of the distribution of the peak circumferential stress (PCS) locations.\"\n[ANSYS Structural, version 5.7]" + }, + { + "title": "Buckling in Workbench Simulation [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/STI0705_Buckling.pdf", + "description": "\"Buckling may be a concern for some situations, where a user may need to modify the design to prevent buckling within a given load range. Conversely, failure analysis may need to be performed when a structure has collapsed.\nANSYS and Workbench Simulation have many tools to aid users in solving geometric instability problems, ranging from linear (eigenvalue) buckling to nonlinear, post-buckling analyses.\"\n(Week 41, week of 10/14/07)" + }, + { + "title": "Building Parametric Models [PDF]", + "author": "David Haberman (CSI)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/Week_22_totw-parametric-model.pdf", + "description": "This memo provides an overview of APDL, defining parameters, and creating parametric models." + }, + { + "title": "CERIG vs RBE3, RIGID184 [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/STI07_CERIG_RBE3_RIGID184.zip", + "description": "\"Constraint equations provide many useful features in ANSYS, such as tying together dissimilar meshes, representing parts of the system not explicitly modeled, or distributing loads. Two automated methods of generating constraint equations are the CERIG and RBE3 commands. Because there is often confusion over their use, this memo hopes to provide some information on differences between the two methods.\n\"Constraint equations in ANSYS are linear, so they are not valid for large-rotation analyses. RIGID184 is a beta element in version 6.1 which provides rigid link/beam capabilities, valid for large-rotation problems. The latter part of this memo will cover some details of this undocumented feature, available in 6.1.\"" + }, + { + "title": "COMPMENU.zip", + "author": "Jim Patterson (Hendrickson Trailer Suspension Systems)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/COMPMENU.zip", + "description": "\"I have a set of macros to generate toolbars based on the defined components in the db. You can then call these toolbars from the main toolbar to aid in the selecting of the components. This includes \"select\", \"also select\", and \"unselect\". You can also \"remake\"the components from the toolbar. As someone who works with assemblies of shell models almost constantly, this has been a huge time saver for me.\"\n Tested on 5.7 through 6.1. Unzip the file and read the supplied Word document for instructions." + }, + { + "title": "Calculating effective Coefficient of Thermal Expansion [PDF]", + "author": "Bill Bulat (CSI)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/week4-effective_cte.pdf", + "description": "Tips on how to define coefficient of thermal expansion and converting that material data to format that ANSYS can use." + }, + { + "title": "Cast Iron Plasticity", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/conflong_castiron.pdf", + "description": "Presentation on Cast Iron plasticity model introduced in ANSYS 6.1 (part of the \"Advanced Analysis with ANSYS\" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference)." + }, + { + "title": "Chaboche Nonlinear Kinematic Hardening Model [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/STI0805_Chaboche.pdf", + "description": "\"The Chaboche nonlinear kinematic hardening model was added in ANSYS 5.6 to complement the existing isotropic and kinematic hardening rules that users relied on. Despite its availability for nearly ten years as of the time of this writing, the Chaboche model has enjoyed limited popularity, in part because of the perceived complexity of calibrating the material parameters. This memo hopes to introduce the basics related to the Chaboche nonlinear kinematic model.\"\n(Week 47, week of 05/04/08)" }, { - "title": "Don_HemmelgarnITI_Interoperability_Pres.pdf", + "title": "Closing the Gaps on Data Interoperability [PDF]", + "author": "Don Hemmelgarn", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/Don_HemmelgarnITI_Interoperability_Pres.pdf", - "description": "Don_HemmelgarnITI_Interoperability_Pres.pdf" + "description": "PowerPoint presentation" }, { - "title": "Finite Element Analysis at Mannesmann VDO Fuel Systems [PDF]", - "author": "Zlatko Penzar", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/Dr_Penzar.pdf", - "description": "Finite Element Analysis at Mannesmann VDO Fuel Systems - ppt presentation" + "title": "Clustering Results Around Peaks for Full-Harmonic Analyses in ANSYS", + "author": "Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/aacton20080723-clustering.pdf", + "description": "\"This article presents a method for obtaining full harmonic solutions clustered around potential peak responses. Full harmonic analyses provide exact solutions, typically calculated at equally spaced intervals over the desired frequency range. Mode-superposition analyses, however, provide approximate solutions, but can be clustered around potential resonant peaks. The hybrid method discussed in this article uses a modal solution to determine natural frequencies, which are then used to calculate clusters of points surrounding those frequencies. Full harmonic solutions can then be performed at these clustered points. Examples and input les are provided in order to utilize this method.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Collaborative Virtual Prototyping: A Product Development Imperative [PDF]", + "author": "Marc Halpern", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/Marc_Halpern7CVP_mh.pdf", + "description": "PowerPoint presentation" + }, + { + "title": "Comparison of FLUID29 and FLUID79 Elements", + "author": "Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/FLUID29andFLUID79.pdf", + "description": "\"Analyses were conducted to verify that similar results could be obtained by using the displacement formulated fluid elements FLUID79 or the pressure formulated fluid elements FLUID29.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Comparison of Linear and Non-linear Soft Tissue Models with Post-operative CT Scan in Maxillofacial Surgery", + "author": "Matthieu Chabanas, Yohan Payan, Christophe Marecaux, Pascal Swider, and Franck Boutault", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/LNCS3078_Chabanas.pdf", + "description": "\"A Finite Element model of the face soft tissue is proposed to simulate the morphological outcomes of maxillofacial surgery. Three modelling options are implemented: a linear elastic model with small and large deformation hypothesis, and an hyperelastic Mooney-Rivlin model. An evaluation procedure based on a qualitative and quantitative comparison of the simulations with a post-operative CT scan is detailed. It is then applied to one clinical case to evaluate the differences between the three models, and with the actual patient morphology. First results shows in particular that for a “simple” clinical procedure where stress is less than 20%, a linear model seams sufficient for a correct modelling.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Comparison of Rectangular and Spherical Models", + "author": "Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/cubeandsphere.pdf", + "description": "\"The purpose of this investigation was to compare the two modelling techniques for an infinite boundary. The first technique involves setting the elements on the edges of the model to have an absorptive property by changing the material properties so that mu=1. The second technique involves the use of infinite elements (infinite129) that must be placed on a constant radius curvature.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Compiling UPFs and Creating Customized ANSYS Executables [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/STI0901_Compiling_UPFs.pdf", + "description": "\"ANSYS User Programmable Features (UPFs) are quite powerful means of customizing ANSYS beyond the scripting capabilities of the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). Writing one’s own constitutive models or complex loading functions or even creating a user-defined element are possible with UPFs. \n\n Because some users may find it challenging to get started using UPFs, this memo hopes to discuss general issues related to compiling and linking a customized version of ANSYS for Windows and Linux environments.\"\n\n (Week 51, week of 02/08/09)" + }, + { + "title": "Constellation Pathfinder: A University Nanosatellite", + "author": "C.D. Rayburn, H.E. Spence, H.E. Petschek, M. Bellino, J. Vickers, M. Murphy", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/Rayburn_USU_Paper.pdf", + "description": "\"This paper updates the progress of the Constellation Pathfinder Mission (CPM) design. Specifically, preliminary results in areas including satellite design, orbital mechanics, thermal design, structural design, and attitude determination and control are discussed.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Construction Machinery Cab Vibro-Acoustic Analysis and Optimisation", + "author": "L. Bregant, G. Miccoli, M. Seppi", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/nafems05c.pdf", + "description": "\"A 3D cavity representing the earth-moving machine cab has been modelled by means of a FE structural mesh (Ansys), reproducing the characteristics of the real structure. Starting from the cab vibration load experimental acquisition, a BEM coupled analysis (Sysnoise) has been carried out to evaluate the cab inner vibro-acoustic field as a function of the physical properties of each structural element. A multi-objective design optimisation code (modeFrontier) drives the analysis process flow taking into account the cab parameter structural modifications and carrying out the vibro-acoustic field optimisation.\"\n[ANSYS Dynamics, version unspecified]" + }, + { + "title": "Contact Analysis Tips [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/STI0902_Contact_Tips.pdf", + "description": "\"Generally speaking, nonlinear analyses involving contact can be quite challenging to solve when the contacting area changes during the load history. However, ANSYS Workbench Simulation has very robust contact technology, along with diagnostic tools that can help the user obtain converged, accurate solutions. This memo hopes to discuss some tips related to contact analyses in hopes of aiding the user who encounters difficulties when solving contact analyses.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Contact Wizard Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/STI05_ANSYS_6.0_Contact_Wizard.pdf", + "description": "Describes some of the enhancements made to the Contact Wizard at ANSYS 6.0, including support of 17x contact elements' thermal features and ability to edit contact pair options through same interface.\n(Week 5, week of 10/22/01.)" + }, + { + "title": "Converting Prony Series to Frequency Domain", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/visco_harmonic.zip", + "description": "Simple example showing how to convert Prony series for viscoelasticity from time domain to frequency domain. This is to convert TB,PRONY to TB,ELASTIC/SDAMP for use in harmonic response analyses." + }, + { + "title": "Converting piezoelectric data [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/Week13_TNT_Conversion_of_Piezoelectric_Material_Data.pdf", + "description": "Conversion of material properties of piezoelectric ceramics (such as PZT) has caused many users confusion because of the difference between manufacturer-supplied data and the format required by ANSYS. This memo hopes to clarify this point and to provide users with information on conversion routines. [Accompanying Spreadsheet]()." + }, + { + "title": "Converting pressures to nodal forces [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/Week_17_STI52_TNT_converting_pressures_to_nodal_forces.pdf", + "description": "Tip on converting element pressures to nodal forces. This can be useful for mode superposition methods where LVSCALE may not be suitable.\n SI_P2F Macro and test input file." + }, + { + "title": "Coupling low-order elements to high-order elements in ANSYS", + "author": "Aaron Acton", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/acton20080620-coupling_low_to_high.pdf", + "description": "\"This article presents several methods for obtaining coupling at the interface between low- and high-order elements in ANSYS. This situation can be encountered when modelling the fluid-structure interaction between a solid domain, modelled with quadratic elements, and an acoustic fluid domain, modelled with linear elements. The two methods determined to be most suitable for achieving this coupling are by using either constraint equations or contact elements, both of which are likely more-robust methods than by simply attaching coincident nodes on matching meshes. Examples are provided for each case described herein, and the results from each are compared to the ANSYS 11.0 verification problem VM177.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Creating APDL Macros [PDF]", + "author": "Mike Rife (CSI)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/week9-apdl-2.pdf", + "description": "The use of the Ansys Parametric Design Language, APDL, to create simple but reusable macros can be a significant time saver. This Tip of the Week will show two examples of macros written for current Ansys users. These macros may be extended or used as templates for future macros." + }, + { + "title": "Creating a Helical Path", + "author": "Paul McGarry (Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/Helical_Path.pdf", + "description": "\"A step by step GUI method for creating a left or right-handed helix, in any axis, for any pitch or diameter.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Creep Resistance and Creep Bending Resistance of Light Metal Matrix Composites for Research in Airframe Structural Effiency", + "author": "E. Neubauer and H.Peter Degischer", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/report35.pdf", + "description": "\"Main aim of the research in the frame of the AMTT programme was the testing of a fiber reinforced Al-alloy. For investigation of the creep behaviour of this material, creep tests under bending were performed. The tested material was Al99.85+0.1%Mg reinforced with Al2O3 fibers (Altex/Sumitomo), which was prepared by means of gas pressure infiltration. Main benefit of such a material for application would be the lowering of the weight of the material without a loss of properties.\"(see Appendix A for ANSYS use in this document)" + }, + { + "title": "Customizing GUI Behavior [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/STI06_Customize_GUI.pdf", + "description": "\"The /UIS and /MSTART commands provide the user with control over much of the GUI behavior. At 5.7 and 6.0, this has been extended to include control over the multilegend feature, background color, and mouse button assignment for dynamic rotations. Used in conjunction with the startxx.ans file, this allows the user to change GUI behavior in each ANSYS session.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Cyclic Symmetry Analysis", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/cyclic_symmetry_analysis.pdf", + "description": "Presentation on cyclic symmetry enhancements at ANSYS 6.1 (part of the \"Advanced Analysis with ANSYS\"seminar during the 2002 User's Conference)." + }, + { + "title": "Design Optimization of an Automotive Universal Joint Considering Manufacturing Cost", + "author": "Nick Cristello and Il Yong Kim", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/p499-cristello.pdf", + "description": "\"This paper presents the shape optimization of an automotive universal joint, by simultaneously considering manufacturing cost, maximum drivable joint angle and part volume. Comprised of three main components - two yokes and a cross trunnion - a universal joint is a linkage used to transmit rotational motion from one shaft to another when the axes are coplanar, but not coinciding. In this research, universal joint designs are analyzed and compared using a weighted sum of three objective functions: minimization of machining cost, maximization of adjoining shaft joint angle, and minimization of total part volume. Part modeling and analysis is conducted using the Finite Element Analysis package ANSYS and optimization is implemented using MATLAB. The results show Pareto frontiers for both the flange and weld yoke, constructed using the Adaptive Weighted Sum technique. These frontiers clearly illustrate the trade-off between machining cost and joint angle; that is, to increase the joint angle, a corresponding increase in the cost of the part is required. It has been shown that maximization of driveable joint angle requires a simultaneous increase in machining cost of 4.4% and 2.7% for the flange and weld yoke, respectively.\"\n[ANSYS Structural, version 9.0]" + }, + { + "title": "Design and Implementation of a Flow Microsensor by using Silicon Microelectronics Technology", + "author": "Roberto Rodrigues and Rogerio Furlan", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/Artigo.pdf", + "description": "\"This work presents the design of a gas flow microsensor that was implemented by using silicon microelectronics technology. Its main features are a low power consumption (tens of mW) and the possibility of integration in flow microactuators. It was adopted a calorimetric device with free-standing microfilaments and thermoresistive sensor elements. Analytical and numerical modeling were developed for device analyses and design. The free-standing microfilaments were fabricated using surface micromachining. Characteristic curves, of output voltage vs. flow, were obtained by using a commercial flow sensor for calibration. A good agreement was obtained comparing the flow microsensor experimental characteristic curves with numerical simulation results.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Design, Fabrication, and Testing of Fixed-Valve Micro-Pumps [PDF]", + "author": "F. Forster, R. Bardell, M. Afromowitz, N. Sharma, and A. Blanchard", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/wam95_ufluidics.pdf", + "description": "Use of Flotran for micropump analysis. (MEMS" + }, + { + "title": "DesignSpace Tutorial 1", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/dspace_part.zip", + "description": "Simple tutorial on analyzing parts using DesignSpace with focus on compatibility with SolidWorks." + }, + { + "title": "DesignSpace Tutorial 2", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/dspace_assembly.zip", + "description": "Simple tutorial on analyzing assemblies using DesignSpace with focus on compatibility with SolidWorks." + }, + { + "title": "Developing The Basis For Target Injection And Tracking In Inertial Fusion Energy Power Plants", + "author": "D.T. Goodin, C.R. Gibson, R.W. Petzoldt, N.P. Siegel, L. Thompson, A. Nobile, G.E. Besenbruch, K.R.", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/A23417.pdf", + "description": "The use of ANSYS's thermal and CFD capabilities to analyze the target injection and tracking of an Inertial Fusion Energy power plant" + }, + { + "title": "Different Methods of Connecting Parts Together [PDF]", + "author": "Sean Harvey (CSI)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/week24-connecting_models_tow.pdf", + "description": "Connecting Parts - A study of Continuous Mesh versus Bonded Contact versus Constraint Equations." + }, + { + "title": "DistributedLoad.zip", + "author": "Paris Altidis (Borg Warner)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/DistributedLoad.zip", + "description": "Zip file containing two example macros of applying distributed pressures." + }, + { + "title": "Drucker-Prager Models [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/STI0802_Drucker_Prager.pdf", + "description": "\"The Drucker-Prager material model is used for pressure-dependent inelastic behavior of materials such as soils, rock, concrete, and powder. Because ANSYS offers three different Drucker-Prager constitutive models, this memo hopes to provide a comparison of the available options.\"\n(Week 44, week of 03/16/08)" }, { "title": "Dutchsensorconf98.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/Dutchsensorconf98.pdf", "description": "Dutchsensorconf98.pdf" }, + { + "title": "Dynamic FEA and Simulation for A Series of Blast-Resist-door", + "author": "Lu Xinzheng and Jiang Jianjing", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/12.pdf", + "description": "\"A series of blast-resist-door were used widely. In order to know the behavior of the doors under blast load and verify the safety of the doors, dynamic finite element analysis and simulation are carried out with advanced FEA software, ANSYS/LS-DYNA and SAP. Contact surfaces are introduced to simulate the relation between the door leaf and doorframe, as well as the relation between the door hinges and bearings. Altogether 24 different load cases are analyzed to simulate various load conditions.\"\n[ANSYS LS-DYNA, version unspecified]" + }, + { + "title": "Dynamic Pile Testing and Finite Element Calculations for the Bearing Capacity of a Quay Wall Foundation", + "author": "F. Kirsch, B. Plaßmann, T. Huch, W. Rodatz", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/st_wave00.pdf", + "description": "\"In April 1999 the construction of a new quay wall in the port of Hamburg started. In a first stage two new berths with an overall length of 1400 m will be built. In order to proof the bearing capacity of the foundation dynamic pile testing is performed to a great extent. To date more than thirty different piles were tested by the Institute for Foundation Engineering and Soil Mechanics of the Technical University of Braunschweig. In order to check for possible set-up effects redriven tests were performed. For comparison reasons static load tests were also carried out, one of which was done with an instrumented pile to allow skin friction and end bearing to be evaluated separately. The CAPWAP results proofed to be very helpful especially in those cases where the testing situation differed from the later service condition. Special questions called for detailed finite element analysis of the load-settlement behaviour of single piles in certain construction stages.\"\nAlthough ANSYS is not explicitly mentioned, F. Kirsch also used ANSYS in two related papers, Stability of the vault developing over Soilcrete bodies and Ground Improvement and Its Numerical Analysis. " + }, { "title": "ECTC2001-paper.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/ECTC2001-paper.pdf", @@ -333,6 +613,18 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/EE245.pdf", "description": "EE245.pdf" }, + { + "title": "Effect of Package Design and Layout on BGA Solder Joint Reliability of an Organic C4 Package", + "author": "Biju Chandran, Deepak Goyal, and Jeffrey Thomas", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/s30p5a.pdf", + "description": "\"Ball Grid Array (BGA) is currently the interconnect of choice for attaching microprocessors on a printed circuit board (PCB). The reliability of solder joints is one of the critical issues in BGA surface mount technology (SMT). During reliability testing, BGA fatigue failures were observed on test vehicles (TV). Finite element analysis and physical failure analysis were used to determine the risk to the product in the field. As part of this effort, parametric finite element analysis was carried out to determine the effect of design features like the package size, and BGA pattern on the propensity of fatigue failure. The results of the finite element analysis and physical failure analysis showed that the risk to fatigue failure was much greater on a peripheral / partial grid array package than in a full grid array package.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Effects of Nonlinear Geometric and Material Properties on the Seismic Response of Fluid/Tank Systems", + "author": "He Liu, Daniel H. Schubert", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/effects_of_nonlinear_geometric.pdf", + "description": "\"To explore the effects large deformation and nonlinear material properties have on the seismic response of fluid/tank systems, the computer program ANSYS was selected to develop a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model of a ground level, cylindrical steel shell and roof tank structure with contained fluid under seismic load. The ANSYS program was selected for its ability to include shell and structural steel elements, contained fluid elements, fluid-structure interactions, material and geometric nonlinearities, and contact type elements. For purposes of this study, analysis results from a linear elastic, small deformation fixed base model are compared with an elasto-plastic material property model with large deformation assumptions. Results show the significant difference in results based on the assumptions used and indicate that current design code based values may not be conservative in resultant loading calculations.\"" + }, { "title": "Elastic Foundation Stiffness", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -340,16 +632,28 @@ "description": "Short explanation of what elastic foundation stiffness (SURF154) is and how to calculate the resulting stiffness for non-planar cases. In Workbench Mechanical, this feature is referred to as an \"Elastic Support\"." }, { - "title": "Various MEMS Examples Using ANSYS [ZIP]", - "author": "(EPFL, The Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/EPFL_Tutorial.zip", - "description": "Tutorials on using ANSYS with various MEMS examples. This was originally taken from EPFL's website." + "title": "Element for Modelling of Interaction Between Foundations and Bedrock in ANSYS Software", + "author": "Radim Cajka, Ondrej Víta", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/2522-3EN.pdf", + "description": "\"Ansys provides standard solutions to contact tasks. It is a high-performing computing tool that offers several modifications, making it possible to create a new element and adjust the calculation to individual requirements. When dealing with specific problems relating to the contact between the foundation and the foundation soil, it is possible to create an element that will take into account the behaviour of a soil layer under the foundation exposed to shear. The shearing load can be caused by undermining, concrete creep, or concrete shrinkage.\"\nExample of user-defined element (older USER100-105)\n[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 5.7.1] " }, { - "title": "Effect of Package Design and Layout on BGA Solder Joint Reliability of an Organic C4 Package", - "author": "Biju Chandran, Deepak Goyal, and Jeffrey Thomas", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/s30p5a.pdf", - "description": "\"Ball Grid Array (BGA) is currently the interconnect of choice for attaching microprocessors on a printed circuit board (PCB). The reliability of solder joints is one of the critical issues in BGA surface mount technology (SMT). During reliability testing, BGA fatigue failures were observed on test vehicles (TV). Finite element analysis and physical failure analysis were used to determine the risk to the product in the field. As part of this effort, parametric finite element analysis was carried out to determine the effect of design features like the package size, and BGA pattern on the propensity of fatigue failure. The results of the finite element analysis and physical failure analysis showed that the risk to fatigue failure was much greater on a peripheral / partial grid array package than in a full grid array package.\"" + "title": "Evaluation of Acoustic Propagation Paths into the Human Head", + "author": "William D. O’Brien, Jr. and Yuhui Liu", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/OBrien-NATO-15-2005.pdf", + "description": "\"The overall goal has been to develop an acoustic wave propagation model using well-understood and documented computational techniques that track and quantify an air-borne incident acoustic wave propagated around, into and in the human head. This model serves as a computational tool to elucidate the acoustic wave propagation around, into and in the human head. Specifically, the model determines two features: (1) alternate acoustic propagation paths to the cochlear shell that exist besides the normal air-borne acoustic propagation path (eardrum-ossical path) through the auditory canal and (2) sound pressure amplitude in the cochlear shell (relative to the air-borne sound pressure amplitude) via the alternate propagation paths. A 3D finite-element solid mesh was constructed using a digital image database of an adult male head. Coupled acoustic-mechanical finite-element analysis (FEA) was used to model the wave propagation through the fluid-solid-fluid media.\"\n[ANSYS Acoustics, version 6.1]" + }, + { + "title": "Example harmonic analysis using the large mass method [PDF]", + "author": "David Haberman (CSI)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/harmonic-large-mass-method.pdf", + "description": "Step-by-step instructions on performing an example harmonic analysis using the large mass method." + }, + { + "title": "FE Analysis of ATLAS: End Cap Support Structure - PSD Spectrum Analysis", + "author": "C.J.Nelson", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/frequency_response.pdf", + "description": "\"This report investigates the effect of a PSD (Power Spectral Density) random input load on an early FE model of the ATLAS EndCap Support Structure. Statistical predictions of the maximum displacement are presented.\"[ANSYS Structural, version 5.3]" }, { "title": "FFTDFT.zip", @@ -363,21 +667,57 @@ "description": "A three-dimensional progressive damage model was developed in order to simulate the damage accumulation of bolted single-lap composite joints under in-plane tensile loading. This model is capable of predicting the residual strength and residual stiffness of laminates with arbitrary lay-ups, geometries and bolt positions. The parametric study includes stress analysis, failure analysis and material property degradation. Stress analysis of the three-dimensional geometry was performed using the ANSYS FE code. Failure analysis and degradation of material properties were implemented using a progressive damage model, which is incorporated in an ANSYS macro-routine. The progressive model utilizes a set of stress-based Hashin-type criteria and a set of appropriate degradation rules. A parametric study was performed to examine the effect of bolt position and friction upon residual strength and damage accumulation." }, { - "title": "Comparison of FLUID29 and FLUID79 Elements", - "author": "Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/FLUID29andFLUID79.pdf", - "description": "\"Analyses were conducted to verify that similar results could be obtained by using the displacement formulated fluid elements FLUID79 or the pressure formulated fluid elements FLUID29.\"" + "title": "FLOTRAN Chills Out Hot Aerospace Electronics", + "author": "Mark Troscinski, Jiang Guangnan, Zhang Minyi", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/flotran_chills_out.pdf", + "description": "Examples of use of Flotran for electronics applications.\nFrom ANSYS Solutions, Vol. 4 Number 2." + }, + { + "title": "FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf", + "description": "FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf" + }, + { + "title": "Fast Nonlinear Transient Thermal Solver [PDF]", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/THOPT.pdf", + "description": "Information on the fast nonlinear thermal solution method (THOPT), beta in 5.6 and documented in 5.7" + }, + { + "title": "Finite Element Analysis Of Crowning Sealing Caps", + "author": "Henri Champliaud, L Van Ngan", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/finite_element_analysis_of_crowning_caps.pdf", + "description": "\"Metal closures, with an integrated gasket, are widely used in the food industry to ensure the sealing of the glass bottles by setting. The success of this bottle-capping is due to the relevant choice of the variables in the manufacturing process. Actually, the effects of the various variables of the process are not precisely understood.\"\n\n\"In this paper, the leakage pressure of an assembly, with given parameters of a standard setting operation is predicted. The study is concentrated firstly on the simulation of setting the cap on the bottle, and secondly, on the global distribution of the efforts of contact on the gasket according to the internal pressure. Finally, the leakage pressure of the assembly is determined using practical tests that relate the leakage pressure with the global force exerted on the gasket.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Finite Element Analysis To Investigate The Significance Of Functional Gradients In Dental Restorations [PDF]", + "author": "Tan Kok Wai, Alex and Anand Asundi", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/alex-fem.pdf", + "description": "Use of SOLID46 element." + }, + { + "title": "Finite Element Analysis at Mannesmann VDO Fuel Systems [PDF]", + "author": "Zlatko Penzar", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/Dr_Penzar.pdf", + "description": "Finite Element Analysis at Mannesmann VDO Fuel Systems - ppt presentation" }, { - "title": "FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf", - "description": "FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf" + "title": "Finite Element Based Solder Joint Fatigue Life Predictions for a Same Die Stacked Chip Scale Ball Grid Array Package", + "author": "Bret Zahn", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/finite_element_based_solder_joint_fatigue.pdf", + "description": "\"Viscoplastic finite-element simulation methodologies were utilized to predict solder joint reliability for a same die size, stacked, chip scale, ball grid array package under accelerated temperature cycling conditions (-40C to +125C, 15min ramps/15min dwells). The effects of multiple die attach material configurations were investigated along with the thickness of the mold cap and spacer die. The solder structures accommodate the bulk of the plastic strain that is generated during accelerated temperature cycling due to the thermal expansion mismatch between the various materials that encompass the stacked die package. Since plastic strain is a dominant parameter that influences low-cycle fatigue, it was used as a basis for evaluation of solder joint structural integrity. The paper discusses the analysis methodologies as implemented in the ANSYS finite element simulation software tool and the corresponding results for the solder joint fatigue life. Some ANSYS parametric design language commands are included for the benefit of those readers who are familiar with the tool.\"" }, { - "title": "Biomechanical Interaction Between Cap Thickness, Lipid Core Composition and Blood Pressure in Vulnerable Coronary Plaque: Impact on Stability or Insta", - "author": "Gerard Finet, Jacques Ohayon and Gilles Rioufo", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/Finet_CAD_04.pdf", - "description": "\"A ‘thin’ fibrous cap atheroma is the typical morphological characteristic of vulnerable plaque. Yet the very pathological studies that have provided these descriptions have also shown the actual prediction of plaque rupture to be rather less exact. Other relevant characteristics must be involved in the mechanisms of plaque rupture—blood pressure loading (P) and the material properties of the soft atheromatous core—as predictors of the distribution of the peak circumferential stress (PCS) locations.\"\n[ANSYS Structural, version 5.7]" + "title": "Finite Element Method Analysis Of Non-Linear Behaviour Of Implants And Stents [PDF]", + "author": "J. Awrejcewicz, M. Ciach, K. Wlodarczyk", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/implant_stent.pdf", + "description": "Example of using ANSYS for stent application (Mooney-Rivlin and kinematic hardening plasticity)." + }, + { + "title": "Flotran Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/STI10_Flotran_Enhancements_at_6.0.pdf", + "description": "\"There have been several enhancements to Flotran at 6.0. These changes include more robust default settings, an additional advection scheme, a new coupling algorithm, and improvements to the ALE mesh morpher.\"" }, { "title": "Formatting output text of results (PRxxxx family of commands) [PDF]", @@ -386,28 +726,28 @@ "description": "This memo outlines some of the options available in ANSYS to produce and to format output listings: (1) the use of the /FORMAT statement with the PRxxxx series of commands and (2) the application of *VWRITE to create custom output. This memo outlines some of the options available in ANSYS to produce and to format output listings: (1) the use of the /FORMAT statement with the PRxxxx series of commands and (2) the application of *VWRITE to create custom output." }, { - "title": "Simulation of the Retroglossal Fluid-Structure Interaction During Obstructive Sleep Apnea", - "author": "Franz Chouly, Annemie Van Hirtum, Pierre-Yves Lagr´ee, Jean-Roch Paoli, Xavier Pelorson, and Yohan P", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/FranzChouly_LN2006.pdf", - "description": "\"A method for computing the interaction between the airflow and the soft tissue during an Obstructive Apnea is presented. It is based on simplifications of the full continuum formulation (Navier- Stokes and finite elasticity) to ensure computation time compatible with clinical applications. Linear elasticity combined with a precomputation method allows fast prediction of the tissue deformation, while an asymptotic formulation of the full Navier-Stokes equations (Reduced Navier- Stokes/Prandtl equations) has been chosen for the flow. The accuracy of the method has already been assessed experimentally. Then, simulations of the complete collapsus at the retroglossal level in the upper airway have been carried out, on geometries extracted from pre-operative radiographies of two apneic patients. Post-operative geometries have been also used to check qualitatively if the predictions from the simulations are in agreement with the effects of the surgery.\"\n[ANSYS Structural, version unspecified]" + "title": "Fully Automatic Adaptive Mesh Refinement Integrated into the Solution Process", + "author": "Joseph R. Tristano, Zhijan Chen, D. Alfred Hancq, Wa Kwok", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/tristano03.pdf", + "description": "\"Finite element analysts and designers need to feel confident in the results of their analyses before sending a product to prototype or production. Mesh discretization can greatly influence the desired results. In this paper we present framework for adaptive mesh refinement to obtain FEA results with a desired accuracy. The process involves adaptively refining the mesh based on solution error norms until the result desired converges to certain accuracy. The adaptive refinement/meshing process must be fully automatic and very robust. We present an exhaustive method to create a fully automatic and integrated process that takes advantage of many of the mesh refinement and mesh optimization algorithms found in literature. The results of the process provide the user with the desired accuracy in the smallest number of iterations possible.\"\n\n[Workbench Simulation, version 7.1]" }, { "title": "GSkoro1.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/GSkoro1.pdf", "description": "GSkoro1.pdf" }, + { + "title": "Gasket Materials", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/conflong_gasket.pdf", + "description": "Presentation on the gasket materials and companion interface elements, introduced at ANSYS 6.1 (part of the \"Advanced Analysis with ANSYS\" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference)." + }, { "title": "General ANSYS Tips (5.5)", "author": "Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/ansys_tips.pdf", "description": "Where to get help \n Insufficient disk space \n Bulk compression mode \n Choice of solver \n Element Normals \n Boolean operations on solid models \n Meshing \n Loading an array from a file \n Using ETABLE and extracting the results to an array \n Output when using the GUI \n Generating editable WMF figures " }, - { - "title": "A 3D Dynamical Biomechanical Tongue Model to Study Speech Motor Control", - "author": "Jean-Michel Gérard, Reiner Wilhelms-Tricarico, Pascal Perrier & Yohan Payan", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/Gerard_et_al.pdf", - "description": "\"A 3D biomechanical dynamical model of human tongue is presented, that is elaborated in the aim to test hypotheses about speech motor control. Tissue elastic properties are accounted for in Finite Element Modeling (FEM). The FEM mesh was designed in order to facilitate the implementation of muscle arrangement within the tongue. Therefore, its structure was determined on the basis of accurate anatomical data about the tongue. Mechanically, the hypothesis of hyperelasticity was adopted with the Mooney-Rivlin formulation of the strain energy function. Muscles are modeled as general force generators that act on anatomically specified sets of nodes of the FEM structure. The 8 muscles that are known to be largely involved in the production of basic speech movements are modeled. The model and the solving of the Lagrangian equations of movement are implemented using the ANSYS™ software. Simulations of the influence of muscle activations onto the tongue shape are presented and analyzed.\"" - }, { "title": "High End Workbench Tip", "author": "PADT", @@ -415,10 +755,22 @@ "description": "Taken from PADT's SWAU group meeting on performing high-end analyses with Workbench Simulation." }, { - "title": "On Stress Analysis For a Hyperelastic Material [PDF]", - "author": "Xiao-Yan Gong and Riyand Moe", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/Hyper.pdf", - "description": "Paper using ANSYS 5.5 for characterizing hyperelastic materials with Mooney-Rivlin" + "title": "Hill's Potential [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/STI0808_Hill.zip", + "description": "\"Anisotropic plasticity using Hill’s yield criterion was introduced in ANSYS 5.7, and the extensions to anisotropic creep and viscoplasticity were added in ANSYS 6.0. While Hill’s stress potential is most commonly used for rolled sheets, it can be used for other situations where three orthogonal planes of symmetry are preserved. This memo will introduce details of the usage of Hill’s potential in ANSYS.\"\n(Week 50, week of 08/31/08)" + }, + { + "title": "Human Heart Valves. Hyperelastic Material Modeling", + "author": "Mihai Stuparu", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/Stuparu.pdf", + "description": "\"Performing a finite element analysis (FEA) on a hyperelastic material is difficult due to nonlinearity, large deformation, and material instability. This paper provides a brief review of the hyperelastic theory and discusses several important issues that should be addressed when using ANSYS. Analysis on a fatigue specimen is used as an example of one of our product development challenges upon which these issues were illuminated. We believe that a stable material model in combination with a good understanding of structural instability for traditional materials is the key to success in simulating hyperelastic materials using ANSYS.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Hyper-Elastic Contact Analysis of a Push-Button Diaphragm Seal", + "author": "Jeffrey R. Annis", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/hyperelasti_contact_analysis.pdf", + "description": "\"Presented is the non-linear finite element analysis of a rubber diaphragm seal utilizied in a pushbutton design. Analysis considerations encompassed, nonlinear hyper-elastic material behavior of the rubber, large deflection analysis of seal complex motion, and contact analysis with mating parts. Design parameters of primary interest were, seal deflection patterns and seal actuation force as a function of travel.\"" }, { "title": "IEEE00_LGC_umirror.pdf", @@ -447,10 +799,10 @@ "description": "IPACK2005-73239.pdf" }, { - "title": "A 64-Pixel Linear Thermopile Array Chip Designed for Vacuum Environment", - "author": "U. Dillner, E. Kessler, V. Baier, A. Berger, T. Eick, D. Behrendt, H. Urban", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/IRS2006_reprint.pdf", - "description": "\"We report on the development of a 64-pixel high performance linear thermopile array chip designed for vacuum environment based on a silicon nitride membrane as substrate, Bi0.87Sb0.13/Sb as thermoelectric materials combination and an Ag-black broadband absorber layer. The array chip was mounted on a ceramic substrate and placed on the socket of a commercial hybrid package with 64 pins. Measurements of the linear array chip in vacuum environment and in absence of an entrance filter delivered a responsivity of 245 V/W, a sensitivity of 166 µVm˛/W, a specific detectivity of 1.6x109 cmHz1/2/W at an electrical resistance of 9 k and a thermal time constant of 150 ms. The pixelto- pixel cross-talk was reduced to less than 0.4 % due to slits in the membrane between adjacent pixels made by dry etching.\"\n[ANSYS Thermal, version unknown]" + "title": "Implicit Creep", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/conflong_creep.pdf", + "description": "Presentation on implicit creep (part of the \"Advanced Analysis with ANSYS\" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference)." }, { "title": "Improvements to Time-History Postprocessing at 6.0 [PDF]", @@ -458,17 +810,23 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/STI08_ANSYS_6.0_Variable_Viewer.pdf", "description": "\"This tips and tricks focuses on improvements at 6.0 on the Time-History postprocessor. (After I did this, I realized that a lot of this was already covered in the 6.0 Update seminar, but, oh well...)\"" }, + { + "title": "Integrating ANSYS with Modern Numerical Optimization Technologies", + "author": "Shen-Yeh Chen", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/Ans-Mag1b.pdf", + "description": "\"Design automation with finite element analysis as a simulation and evaluation tool is becoming more and more desired. The ability to do automatic design iteration has constantly been a popular research and engineering topic. In this article, we will show how Honeywell Engines & Systems took advantage of the flexible environment of ANSYS to achieve this goal.\" (Optimization, APDL)" + }, + { + "title": "Introduction to the Residual Vector Method [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/STI0803_Residual_Vectors.zip", + "description": "\"The residual vector method can improve the accuracy of mode-superposition harmonic response or transient analyses, especially when the high-frequency content of the structure is excited. This memo provides details on how users can take advantage of this analysis technique introduced in ANSYS 11.0.\"" + }, { "title": "Jewart_etd_2006.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/Jewart_etd_2006.pdf", "description": "Jewart_etd_2006.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Comparison of Linear and Non-linear Soft Tissue Models with Post-operative CT Scan in Maxillofacial Surgery", - "author": "Matthieu Chabanas, Yohan Payan, Christophe Marecaux, Pascal Swider, and Franck Boutault", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/LNCS3078_Chabanas.pdf", - "description": "\"A Finite Element model of the face soft tissue is proposed to simulate the morphological outcomes of maxillofacial surgery. Three modelling options are implemented: a linear elastic model with small and large deformation hypothesis, and an hyperelastic Mooney-Rivlin model. An evaluation procedure based on a qualitative and quantitative comparison of the simulations with a post-operative CT scan is detailed. It is then applied to one clinical case to evaluate the differences between the three models, and with the actual patient morphology. First results shows in particular that for a “simple” clinical procedure where stress is less than 20%, a linear model seams sufficient for a correct modelling.\"" - }, { "title": "Legend_Example.zip", "author": "Bob Weathers (Trane)", @@ -480,6 +838,24 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/LiPaperECF13.pdf", "description": "LiPaperECF13.pdf" }, + { + "title": "License monitoring and reporting [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/week7-TNT_License_Reporting.pdf", + "description": "Information on license monitoring and reporting for Elan (ANSYS 5.4-5.6). At 5.7, licensing has reverted back to FlexLM, and this document is not applicable." + }, + { + "title": "Load vs. displacement control in contact problems [PDF]", + "author": "Karen Dhuyvetter (CSI)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/week2-contact1.pdf", + "description": "Discussion on load vs. displacement control for contact problems." + }, + { + "title": "Local Approximation Estimators For Algebraic Multigrid", + "author": "Jan Mandel", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/estim.pdf", + "description": "\"We are concerned with the development of Algebraic Multigrid (AMG) for symmetric, positive definite linear systems arizing from finite element discretization of elliptic partial differential equations. AMG methods attempt to create coarse levels from the algebraic system automatically, using no or only a minimum of additional information. The basic idea of the multigrid algorithm is that fine level error on which the smoothing process is not effective should be reduced by the coarse correction. Therefore, a-priori estimates of the approximation of fine level functions by coarse level function are important to guide the design of robust AMG methods.\"" + }, { "title": "Long Parameter and Component Names at 6.0 [ZIP]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -491,12 +867,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/M3302.pdf", "description": "M3302.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Non-Linear Elastic Properties of the Lingual and Facial Tissues Assessed by Indentation Technique: Application to the Biomechanics of Speech Production", - "author": "J.M. Gerard, J. Ohayon, V. Luboz, P. Perrier, Y. Paya", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/MEP_2005.pdf", - "description": "\"This paper aims at characterizing the mechanical behavior of two human anatomical structures, namely the tongue and the cheek. For this, an indentation experiment was provided, by measuring the mechanical response of tongue and cheek tissues removed from the fresh cadaver of a 74 year old woman. Non-linear relationships were observed between the force applied to the tissues and the corresponding displacements. To infer the mechanical constitutive laws from these measurements, a finite element (FE) analysis was provided. This analysis aimed at simulating the indentation experiment. An optimization process was used to determine the FE constitutive laws that provided the non-linear force/displacements observed during the indentation experiments. The tongue constitutive law was used for simulations provided by a 3D FE biomechanical model of the human tongue. This dynamical model was designed to study speech production. Given a set of tongue muscular commands, which levels correspond to the force classically measured during speech production, the FE model successfully simulated the main tongue movements observed during speech data.\"\n[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 5.7]" - }, { "title": "MICROtec2000.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/MICROtec2000.pdf", @@ -552,12 +922,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/MSM99_LIMMS_piezo.pdf", "description": "MSM99_LIMMS_piezo.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Numerical Simulations of Flat-walled Diffuser Elements for Valveless Micropumps [PDF]", - "author": "Anders Olsson, Goran Stemme, and Erik Stemme", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/MSM99_RITS_upump.pdf", - "description": "Use of ANSYS/Flotran for analysis of micropump. (MEMS)" - }, { "title": "MSM99_ULM_cvd.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/MSM99_ULM_cvd.pdf", @@ -575,9 +939,10 @@ "description": "\"There are some special situations where a user may be required to generate or manipulate a database consisting mainly of finite element entities without solid model geometry. With some careful planning, dealing with mesh-only databases can prove to be relatively easy. \n\n Typical situations that may arise include the following: \n\n Import of mesh from Workbench Simulation or AI*Environment/ICEM CFD \n Generation of repetitive geometry \n\n This memo hopes to cover these situations in more detail.\"" }, { - "title": "Marc_Halpern7CVP_mh.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/Marc_Halpern7CVP_mh.pdf", - "description": "Marc_Halpern7CVP_mh.pdf" + "title": "Manual Calculation of Strain Energy Density [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/STI10_Manual_Calculation_of_SEND.zip", + "description": "\"Output of elastic, plastic, and creep strain energy densities (SEND) was introduced in ANSYS 6.0, although this is limited to 18x elements in nonlinear analyses. Users whose models include core elements with plasticity and creep may also wish to obtain these quantities, and this memo hopes to review this procedure.\"\n(Week 22, week of 12/22/02.)" }, { "title": "Mass property calculation methods [PDF]", @@ -586,10 +951,16 @@ "description": "This memo covers some ways to determine mass properties of an ANSYS model." }, { - "title": "Workbench XML Material Format", - "author": "ANSYS, Inc.", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/Material_XML.zip", - "description": "ANSYS Workbench Engineering Data module (e.g., Workbench Simulation, Workbench FE Modeler) can import/export material data as XML files. These XML files utilize the MatML format, and this zip file contains an example. This can be useful for users wishing to generate their own material libraries in XML format outside of Workbench Engineering Data." + "title": "Memory management and configuration [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/Week_14_Memory_Configuration.pdf", + "description": "Memo on memory management and configuration, especially in conjunction with the PCG solver and options in linear static analyses." + }, + { + "title": "Mesh Discretization Error and Criteria for Accuracy of Finite Element Solutions", + "author": "Chandresh Shah", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/9.pdf", + "description": "\"Any finite element analysis performed by an engineer is subject to several types of errors that can compromise the validity of the results. These errors can be broadly classified under the following categories: 1) user error - incorrect usage of FE software or input by the FE analyst, 2) errors due to assumptions and simplifications used in the model and 3) errors due to insufficient mesh discretization. User errors can be prevented by developing and utilizing a comprehensive pre and post processing checklist and by appropriate training in the basics of finite element analysis and usage of FE software. Errors due to modeling assumptions and simplifications can be alleviated by adding complexity to the model so that it better represents the physics of the problem being analyzed. Errors due to the inadequacy or coarseness of the mesh are often overlooked by the analyst. These errors due to mesh discretization can be fixed by evaluating the quality of the mesh and by developing and utilizing criteria that characterize the accuracy of the FE solution. This paper describes the source of mesh discretization error and presents several criteria that can be used by an FE analyst to evaluate the accuracy of the FE solution.\"\n\n[ANSYS 5.7, 2002 Conference] " }, { "title": "Meshing in Workbench [PDF]", @@ -598,139 +969,123 @@ "description": "\"Mechanical users have long enjoyed access to a variety of powerful meshing tools inside of ANSYS to generate high-quality shell, tetrahedral, and swept meshes. During the past several years, meshing in ANSYS Workbench Simulation has not only grown to encompass traditional meshing algorithms in ANSYS but has also developed many features requested by ANSYS users as well as integrated meshing technologies from ANSYS CFX and ANSYS ICEM CFD.\"" }, { - "title": "Nested macros, local parameters, trailing underscores", - "author": "Martin Herrenbruck (Technische Universität München)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/Nested_macros-all-files.zip", - "description": "\"A macro file is a file which contains Ansys commands. If you save your macro in your working directory or in the macro directory (see /PSEARCH command) you just enter the macro name in the command line and all these commands will be executed. You can even nest macros: from your main file you call e.g. zzmacro1 which again calls zzmacro2. The only problem is that a macro could change - and you would probably not notice that - the value of a parameter you are using in your main input file. This will be the case if the same parameter name is used accidentally in both the macro and your main input. Let's see how one can avoid these nasty errors - just click on the link!\"" - }, - { - "title": "Evaluation of Acoustic Propagation Paths into the Human Head", - "author": "William D. O’Brien, Jr. and Yuhui Liu", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/OBrien-NATO-15-2005.pdf", - "description": "\"The overall goal has been to develop an acoustic wave propagation model using well-understood and documented computational techniques that track and quantify an air-borne incident acoustic wave propagated around, into and in the human head. This model serves as a computational tool to elucidate the acoustic wave propagation around, into and in the human head. Specifically, the model determines two features: (1) alternate acoustic propagation paths to the cochlear shell that exist besides the normal air-borne acoustic propagation path (eardrum-ossical path) through the auditory canal and (2) sound pressure amplitude in the cochlear shell (relative to the air-borne sound pressure amplitude) via the alternate propagation paths. A 3D finite-element solid mesh was constructed using a digital image database of an adult male head. Coupled acoustic-mechanical finite-element analysis (FEA) was used to model the wave propagation through the fluid-solid-fluid media.\"\n[ANSYS Acoustics, version 6.1]" - }, - { - "title": "A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Stress Distribution in a Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque: In-Vivo Prediction of Plaque Rupture Location", - "author": "Jacques Ohayon, Gérard Finet, François Treyve, Gilles Rioufol and Olivier Dubreuil", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/Ohayon_BACAS_05.pdf", - "description": "\"This paper aims at predicting the plaque rupture location of one patient with stable angina and scheduled to undergo percutaneous coronary intervention. The peak circumferential stress (PCS) is considered as the determining biomechanical factor in the mechanisms leading to rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque and is often used as a predictor of atherosclerotic plaque rupture location. Up to now, to define the site of PCS concentrations, twodimensional (2D) finite element (FE) analyses were performed on the smallest luminal cross-sectional area of the coronary plaque. In-vivo three-dimensional (3D) FE modeling of atherosclerotic coronaries may be very valuable and more accurate than the 2D FE analysis in helping cardiologists evaluate the risk of spontaneous plaque rupture in a patient. In this work, the performances of the 2D and 3D FE approaches have been compared and the limits of the 2D structural analysis has been pointed out.\"\n[ANSYS Structural, version 8.0]" - }, - { - "title": "The Control Of The Thermal Environment Of Perimeter Spaces In Buildings To Prevent Cold Drafts", - "author": "Yuji Hukushima, Yasuo Utsumi, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Yoshimi Ishikawa, Mitsuo Suzuki, And Tatsuya Yamash", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/PA-27.pdf", - "description": "\"This paper is focused on the evaluation of simulation system using the experiment result and the configuration of pericounter which is the part of counter unit setting at bottom of window side with heat panel to avoid the influence of cold draft, utilizing simulation system. The simulation shows similar flow pattern to full scale experiment and consequent simulations indicate that cold draft does not flow into interior zone when the heat generation rate exceeds heat loss from the window in most cases. When the heat generation portion is 75% of heat loss from the window, some cases which have certain configuration of pericounter successfully avoids the influence of draft without fan.\"" + "title": "Methods for Modeling Bolts in the Bolted Joint", + "author": "Jerome Montgomery", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/methods_for_modeling_bolts.pdf", + "description": "\"Modeling bolts for three-dimensional finite element applications have, and still continue to raise questions. The limitations on model size sometimes make modeling of solid bolts impractical. Therefore, many analysts choose other methods to model bolts. Line elements with coupled nodes and line elements with spider beams are a couple of alternative approaches. This paper looks at a few methods for modeling pretension bolted joints using the finite element method (ANSYS 5.7). Pretension is modeled using ANSYS pretension elements (PRETS179) which can be used on solid or line element types. Surface-to-surface contact elements are used to account for varying contact distribution along flanges. Bolt head and nut behavior is modeled by, coupled nodes, beam elements, rigid body elements (RBE3), or solids. Bolt stud is modeled by solid elements, beam elements, pipe elements, or link elements. The choice of line elements versus solid elements is determined by the degree of complexity sought. The pros and cons of different simulations are also discussed.\"" }, { - "title": "PAC1991_2197.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/PAC1991_2197.pdf", - "description": "PAC1991_2197.pdf" + "title": "Modal Cyclic Symmetry Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/STI12_Cyclic_Symmetry_at_6.0.pdf", + "description": "\"At ANSYS 6.0, the modal cyclic symmetry procedure has been significantly improved. New commands, CYCLIC and CYCOPT, replace the older CYCGEN and CYCSOL macros and provide more flexibility and ease-of-use.\"" }, { - "title": "ANSYS PDS overview [PDF]", - "author": "Stefan Reh", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/PDS_Overview.pdf", - "description": "A three-page overview/summary sent on the XANSYS Mailing list on PDS, beta in ANSYS 5.6, officially released at 5.7." + "title": "Modeling Diesel Engine Cylinder Head Gaskets using the Gasket Material Option of the SOLID185 Element", + "author": "Jonathan Raub", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/modeling_disel_engine_cylinder_gaskets.pdf", + "description": "\"The modeling of diesel engine cylinder head gasket joints is complicated by the nonlinear response of the head gasket’s materials. Linearization of these material responses can lead to significant errors in the solution’s results. The 1-dimensional nonlinear approximation made by the Gasket material option of the SOLID185 element sufficiently captures the response of the nonlinear gasket materials while maintaining practical solution times for the large model sizes associated with multi-cylinder head gasket joint models. This paper will give an overview of the model building and assembly process used to create a head gasket joint model, describe the nonlinear nature of the materials used in the model, and present comparisons of the model’s results with experimental measurements.\"\n\n[STI: There is a gasket-specific material & element in 6.1, not available at the time of the writing]" }, { - "title": "POW2MAT.zip", - "author": "Carl Olsard (noiseboard.com)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/POW2MAT.zip", - "description": "\"This is a simple program written in Turbo pascal which I find very useful for converting the output from ANSYS (prvar, prnsol, etc) into columns, while removing the headers at the start and between the page listings. The program is used at a DOS prompt and one types in: pow2mat col filein fileout , where col are the number of columns in the output, filein MUST have an extension .val and fileout WILL have an extension .txt. You do NOT type in the extensions, they are default. For example, you would type pow2mat 7 nodelist nodelist which would extract 7 columns from the file nodelist.val and write a stripped file called nodelist.txt . If you have several files to convert, you can use the DOS FOR command as follows: \n FOR %I IN (*.val) DO pow2mat 3 %~nI %~nI\"" + "title": "Modeling Viscous Behavior [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/STI0604_Viscous_Behavior.zip", + "description": "\"Amorphous solids or solids at elevated temperatures may exhibit viscous behavior. It may be difficult for some users to determine how best to model such behavior. This memo hopes to describe some available options in ANSYS and to differentiate between viscoelastic and viscoplastic constitutive models.\"" }, { - "title": "PPPL-3321.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/PPPL-3321.pdf", - "description": "PPPL-3321.pdf" + "title": "Modeling preloaded bolts [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/week12-STI43_TNT_Bolt_preload.pdf", + "description": "Modeling preload in bolts via contact offset, thermal contraction, or the new pretension elements PRETS179.\nPRELOAD1, PRELOAD2, and PRELOAD3 input files" }, { - "title": "PRESSURE_MAC.zip", - "author": "Hursha Narayan (Robert Bosch Corporation)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/PRESSURE_MAC.zip", - "description": "\"I have written a macro that calculates the total force along the three axes from applied pressure. I find this macro to be useful just to make sure that the pressure I'm applying on a curved surface is accurate and also it gives a feel for the mesh discretization where the pressure is applied. The user has to basically identify the elements with a particular magnitude of pressure and save the list file (SFELIS.lis). The macro does everything else automatically. The downside to the macro is:\n1. Right now it only handles 10 node tet elements.\n2. The pressure has to be uniform\nThe user will have to modify some of the fields in the macro as well as the c-shell file prescalc.\"" + "title": "Multi-Criteria Shape Optimization of a Funnel in Cathode Ray Tubes Using Response Surface Model", + "author": "Tae Hee Lee, Kwangki Lee, Kwang Soon Lee", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/3rdASMO-UK-THLeeKKLee.pdf", + "description": "\"The ultimate goal of simulation that represents the behaviour of structures is to optimize their response performances within the specific requirements and needs with respect to the design variables. The first step of the design of cathode ray tubes is to design the glass geometry, called funnel geometry, to endure the vacuum stress because it is a main structure of cathode ray tubes. In order to create 3-dimensional funnel geometry in the cathode ray tubes, higher order response surface model is used instead of NURBS (non-uniform rational B-splines) or Bezier curve because it is more robust for understanding the geometry change in finite element analysis. By combining finite element analysis, response surface model and sequential quadratic programming within the process integration framework, the shape optimization of a funnel is successfully performed and the maximum stress is reduced to almost half of the current one.\"" }, { - "title": "Parametric Studies in ANSYS [PDF]", + "title": "Multiframe Restarts [PDF]", "author": "Sean Harvey (CSI)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/week26-parametric_studies.pdf", - "description": "Automated parametric studies in ANSYS (generating and using parametric input files)." - }, - { - "title": "Pilsen00.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/Pilsen00.pdf", - "description": "Pilsen00.pdf" + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/Week_19_tip_of_week_restart.pdf", + "description": "Memo covering the multiframe restart capability (RESCON) in ANSYS.\nAccompanying input file" }, { - "title": "Plotting Entities and Graphs in Multiple Windows [PDF]", - "author": "David Haberman (CSI)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/Week_18_multi-plot.pdf", - "description": "ANSYS 5.4 through 5.6 allow users to plot multiple entities (keypoints, lines, areas, volumes, nodes, and elements) in a given window. Prior to ANSYS 5.4, a user was required to plot entities on top of one another, like transparencies. Furthermore, multi-plotting also allows a user to generate graphs. The following memo discusses how the ANSYS multi-plotting feature works." + "title": "Neighborhood-based Element Sizing Control for Finite Element Surface Meshing [PDF]", + "author": "Steven Owen, and Sunil Saigal", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/neighborhood_size_control.pdf", + "description": "\"A method is presented for controlling element sizes on the interior of areas during surface meshing. A Delaunay background mesh is defined over which a neighborhood based interpolation scheme is used to interpolate element sizes.\"" }, { - "title": "Postprocessing Harmonic Results [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/STI03_Harmonic_Postprocessing.zip", - "description": "\"In harmonic analyses, due to the fact that results may not be in phase, postprocessing quantities of interest can pose a challenge. Users may need to review non-sinusoidal results, such as equivalent stresses, at different locations, so accounting for phase information may be required.\n This memo hopes to cover some of the more important points regarding postprocessing structural harmonic analysis results in both the General and Time-History Postprocessors.\"" + "title": "Nested macros, local parameters, trailing underscores", + "author": "Martin Herrenbruck (Technische Universität München)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/Nested_macros-all-files.zip", + "description": "\"A macro file is a file which contains Ansys commands. If you save your macro in your working directory or in the macro directory (see /PSEARCH command) you just enter the macro name in the command line and all these commands will be executed. You can even nest macros: from your main file you call e.g. zzmacro1 which again calls zzmacro2. The only problem is that a macro could change - and you would probably not notice that - the value of a parameter you are using in your main input file. This will be the case if the same parameter name is used accidentally in both the macro and your main input. Let's see how one can avoid these nasty errors - just click on the link!\"" }, { - "title": "Pressure Mapping Example", - "author": "Bob Weathers (Trane)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/PressureMappingExample.zip", - "description": "An example which demonstrates mapping between dissimilar meshes and element types.\n\nAt the bottom of the macro is an example of how to apply the mapped results from the first model onto the second using a TABLe. The TABLe uses the second model's node numbers (sorted and stored in ascending order) to index into the TABLe. This results in a very efficient way to map boundary conditions that's fast and uses minimum memory." + "title": "Non-Linear Elastic Properties of the Lingual and Facial Tissues Assessed by Indentation Technique: Application to the Biomechanics of Speech Production", + "author": "J.M. Gerard, J. Ohayon, V. Luboz, P. Perrier, Y. Paya", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/MEP_2005.pdf", + "description": "\"This paper aims at characterizing the mechanical behavior of two human anatomical structures, namely the tongue and the cheek. For this, an indentation experiment was provided, by measuring the mechanical response of tongue and cheek tissues removed from the fresh cadaver of a 74 year old woman. Non-linear relationships were observed between the force applied to the tissues and the corresponding displacements. To infer the mechanical constitutive laws from these measurements, a finite element (FE) analysis was provided. This analysis aimed at simulating the indentation experiment. An optimization process was used to determine the FE constitutive laws that provided the non-linear force/displacements observed during the indentation experiments. The tongue constitutive law was used for simulations provided by a 3D FE biomechanical model of the human tongue. This dynamical model was designed to study speech production. Given a set of tongue muscular commands, which levels correspond to the force classically measured during speech production, the FE model successfully simulated the main tongue movements observed during speech data.\"\n[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 5.7]" }, { - "title": "Principles of Simulating Contact Between Parts using ANSYS", - "author": "David H. Johnson", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/principles_of_simulating_contact_between.pdf", - "description": "\"The ANSYS finite element analysis (FEA) program offers a variety of elements designed to treat cases of changing mechanical contact between the parts of an assembly or between different faces of a single part. These elements range from simple, limited idealizations to complex and sophisticated, general purpose algorithms. FEA analysts are frequently faced with modeling situations where changing contact cannot be assumed negligible and ignored. Finding the best choices for contact elements, element options, solver, and solution options can drastically improve the model’s performance and reduce the analyst’s frustration with a contact simulation model.\"" + "title": "Non-linear Finite Element Modeling of the Titanium Briquettes Hot Extrusion Process", + "author": "Alexey I. Borovkov, Denis V. Shevchenko", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/nonlinear_finite_element_modeling_titanium.pdf", + "description": "\"In this paper the mathematical model is developed to perform mathematical simulation of the hot extrusion process. The model makes it possible to observe the influence of various system parameters on the extrusion process. All researches were carried out with the use of the ANSYS 5.6 RFS FE-software system. During the research the modeling and analysis of various events that can be observed (material dead zone appearing, capsule crimping, capsule damage etc.) was successfully carried out. The mathematical model was created on the basis of contact thermo-mechanics relations with physical and geometrical non-linearities.\"" }, { - "title": "RDARV_Article1200.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/RDARV_Article1200.pdf", - "description": "RDARV_Article1200.pdf" + "title": "Nonlinear Contact Analysis Techniques Using ANSYS", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/contact_tech.pdf", + "description": "Presentation on various aspects of 17x contact technology (part of the \"Advanced Analysis with ANSYS\" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference)." }, { - "title": "Constellation Pathfinder: A University Nanosatellite", - "author": "C.D. Rayburn, H.E. Spence, H.E. Petschek, M. Bellino, J. Vickers, M. Murphy", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/Rayburn_USU_Paper.pdf", - "description": "\"This paper updates the progress of the Constellation Pathfinder Mission (CPM) design. Specifically, preliminary results in areas including satellite design, orbital mechanics, thermal design, structural design, and attitude determination and control are discussed.\"" + "title": "Nonlinear Submodeling [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/STI02_Nonlinear_Submodeling.zip", + "description": "\"Submodeling is often used to efficiently obtain solutions at local areas. Although submodeling may be commonly thought of as being applicable to linear static structural solutions, it can also be applied to nonlinear and transient analyses, as well as other disciplines. This memo hopes to cover the specific case of nonlinear static structural submodeling.\"\n(Week 14, week of 01/14/02.)" }, { - "title": "Reliability Needs", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/021501Syed.pdf", - "description": "Overview of Reliability Models and Data Needs" + "title": "Nonlinear monitoring [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/Week_16_Nonlinear_Monitor.pdf", + "description": "Memo covering the benefits of the jobname.mntr file and the MONITOR command in nonlinear analyses." }, { - "title": "S42-2_Dauksher.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/S42-2_Dauksher.pdf", - "description": "S42-2_Dauksher.pdf" + "title": "Numerial Implementation of Multiaxial High-Cycle Fatigue Criterion to Structural Optimization", + "author": "Miroslaw Mrzyglód, Andrzej P. Zielinski", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/mrzyg-ziel-3-06.pdf", + "description": "\"Modern multiaxial high-cycle fatigue criteria were investigated with respect to their application in structural optimization procedures coupled with finite element codes. As a result of tests carried out for several fatigue criteria, the Dang Van hypothesis was used for the detailed numerical study. A way of respective adapting the high-cycle load history was also suggested. The complete algorithm of the fatigue optimization was illustrated by applying the proposed procedures to vehicle parts which are subject to high-cycle loadings. The finite element code ANSYS was used in the structural modeling.\"\n\n[ANSYS Structural, version 8.1]" }, { - "title": "SPIE-02-SS-4701-34-horn.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/SPIE-02-SS-4701-34-horn.pdf", - "description": "SPIE-02-SS-4701-34-horn.pdf" + "title": "Numerical Simulations of Flat-walled Diffuser Elements for Valveless Micropumps [PDF]", + "author": "Anders Olsson, Goran Stemme, and Erik Stemme", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/MSM99_RITS_upump.pdf", + "description": "Use of ANSYS/Flotran for analysis of micropump. (MEMS)" }, { - "title": "SPIE-02-SS-4701-36-USDC.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/SPIE-02-SS-4701-36-USDC.pdf", - "description": "SPIE-02-SS-4701-36-USDC.pdf" + "title": "Off-Axis Loads Cause Failure of the Distal Radius at Lower Magnitudes than Axial Loads: A Finite Element Analysis", + "author": "Karen L. Troy and Mark D. Grabiner", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/26.pdf", + "description": "\"Distal radius fractures are among the most common fall-related injuries in older women. Numerous studies have quantified upper extremity fall biomechanics with the goal of identifying possible interventions to reduce the peak force on the wrists, thereby reducing the number of fractures. Fracture initiation depends both on the force applied to the bone and upon the strength of the bone itself; thus, poor bone quality has been implicated as a factor in distal radius fractures. Generally, an intervention to improve bone quality (such as antiresorptive therapy) is considered successful if bone mineral density (BMD) can be increased by 2-4%.\nCadaver and finite element studies have previously quantified the force required to cause a distal radius fracture. To date, however, only simple axial loads on the radius have been considered. Because most falls onto the hands result in off-axis loads, we considered the possibility that a combination of loading modes would significantly influence the fracture strength of the distal radius. Here, we used a validated finite element model of the distal radius, scaphoid, and lunate, to explore the effects of loading direction and changes in BMD on predicted fracture strength.\"\n[ANSYS Structural, version 10.0]" }, { - "title": "SPIE-05_Zensheu-USDC-modeling.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/SPIE-05_Zensheu-USDC-modeling.pdf", - "description": "SPIE-05_Zensheu-USDC-modeling.pdf" + "title": "On Stress Analysis For a Hyperelastic Material [PDF]", + "author": "Xiao-Yan Gong and Riyand Moe", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/Hyper.pdf", + "description": "Paper using ANSYS 5.5 for characterizing hyperelastic materials with Mooney-Rivlin" }, { - "title": "Acoustic Elements [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/STI01_Acoustic_Elements.zip", - "description": "\"For many years, ANSYS has 2D and 3D acoustic elements, including those used to model an “infinite” boundary. These elements can be used in modal, harmonic, and transient analyses, and fluid-structural interaction can also be accounted for in these simulations.\n\nThis memo hopes to review the following topics related to harmonic acoustic analyses: basic comparison of structural and acoustic elements, modeling complex impedance boundary conditions, and defining complex pressure loading. A set of input files, which analyze the case of a simple radiating sphere, is included with this memo.\"" + "title": "PAC1991_2197.pdf", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/PAC1991_2197.pdf", + "description": "PAC1991_2197.pdf" }, { - "title": "Beta Electrical Contact Features at 6.0 [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/STI01_Electrical_Contact_Beta_6.0.zip", - "description": "\"This issue describes a beta feature at 6.0, which is electrical contact capability of 17x surface-to-surface contact elements. This new capability allows contact in thermal-electric and structural-thermal-electric problems.\"\n(Week 13, week of 01/07/02.)" + "title": "PDF file summarizing beta contact features at 5.6.1 [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/contact_beta_56.pdf", + "description": "Presentation on the thermal contact and fluid pressure capabilities of the surface-to-surface contact elements. This was written when these capabilities were beta at 5.6. Thermal capabilites are documented at 5.7.\nAccompanying thermal contact example and fluid pressure example" }, { "title": "PDS and Nonlinear Runs [ZIP]", @@ -739,34 +1094,21 @@ "description": "\"The Probabilistic Design System (PDS) of ANSYS provides a very powerful tool in understanding the effect of uncertainties in one’s design. The details of PDS are covered in the online help, so this memo will discuss the specific case of setting up serial and parallel PDS runs as well as performing nonlinear analyses with PDS.\"" }, { - "title": "Using the WB Simulation Remote Solution Manager [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/STI01_Remote_Solution_Manager.pdf", - "description": "\"Workbench Simulation has the ability to allow the user to solve multiple jobs locally or remotely. These capabilities are defined within the \"Solution” branch of WB Simulation as well as in the WB Remote Solution Manager.\n \"This memo hopes to introduce this capability, especially with regards to solving multiple jobs locally on a Windows machine.\"\n(Week 33, week of 04/02/06.)" - }, - { - "title": "APDL and Vector Operations [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/STI02_APDL_and_Vector_Operations.zip", - "description": "\"Vector and matrix operations in APDL are an invaluable method of manipulating array data, as they provide very fast, computationally efficient means of helping the user perform pre- or post-processing operations on the model.\nThere are many ways of storing data, ranging from arrays to tables to strings. Moreover, manipulation of numerical data can be in the form of vectors or matrices via the *Vxxx and *Mxxx commands, respectively. The user is referred to the APDL Programmer’s Guide in the ANSYS online help for a thorough discussion of the capabilities of APDL, but, in this memo, a basic introduction to vector operations will be covered.\"" - }, - { - "title": "Nonlinear Submodeling [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/STI02_Nonlinear_Submodeling.zip", - "description": "\"Submodeling is often used to efficiently obtain solutions at local areas. Although submodeling may be commonly thought of as being applicable to linear static structural solutions, it can also be applied to nonlinear and transient analyses, as well as other disciplines. This memo hopes to cover the specific case of nonlinear static structural submodeling.\"\n(Week 14, week of 01/14/02.)" + "title": "POW2MAT.zip", + "author": "Carl Olsard (noiseboard.com)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/POW2MAT.zip", + "description": "\"This is a simple program written in Turbo pascal which I find very useful for converting the output from ANSYS (prvar, prnsol, etc) into columns, while removing the headers at the start and between the page listings. The program is used at a DOS prompt and one types in: pow2mat col filein fileout , where col are the number of columns in the output, filein MUST have an extension .val and fileout WILL have an extension .txt. You do NOT type in the extensions, they are default. For example, you would type pow2mat 7 nodelist nodelist which would extract 7 columns from the file nodelist.val and write a stripped file called nodelist.txt . If you have several files to convert, you can use the DOS FOR command as follows: \n FOR %I IN (*.val) DO pow2mat 3 %~nI %~nI\"" }, { - "title": "QR Damped and Unsymmetric Stiffness [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/STI02_QR_Damped_Unsymmetric.zip", - "description": "\"There have been significant enhancements to the QR Damped eigenvalue extraction method in the past several releases of ANSYS. At 8.0, the capability of including unsymmetric damping [C] matrix was introduced, along with support of damping defined via the DMPRAT and MDAMP commands.\nANSYS 8.1, the material-based constant damping ratio MP,DMPR allowed users to specify constant damping ratios per material ID in mode-superposition harmonic analyses, when used with the QRDAMP eigensolver. With the release of 9.0, QRDAMP also supports unsymmetric stiffness [K] matrix, output of complex eigenvectors, and the use of the PSOLVE command. This memo hopes to cover the use of QR Damped eigenvalue extraction method in friction problems, where an unsymmetric stiffness [K] matrix may be present. An example of this type of problem is brake squeal analyses, where the combination of ANSYS 17x contact elements and the QRDAMP eigensolver provide an easy-to-use, efficient means of determining unstable modes.\"" + "title": "PPPL-3321.pdf", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/PPPL-3321.pdf", + "description": "PPPL-3321.pdf" }, { - "title": "Preventing Rigid-Body Motion in Contact Problems [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/STI02_Rigid_Body_Contact.zip", - "description": "\"In contact problems run in a static manner, controlling rigid-body motion may sometimes be an issue under the following circumstances: (a) force-controlled systems or (b) multiple bodies with some parts unconstrained.\"\n\n\"This memo hopes to address some ways of controlling rigid-body motion in contact problems through the use of options available with the surface-to-surface contact elements.\"" + "title": "PRESSURE_MAC.zip", + "author": "Hursha Narayan (Robert Bosch Corporation)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/PRESSURE_MAC.zip", + "description": "\"I have written a macro that calculates the total force along the three axes from applied pressure. I find this macro to be useful just to make sure that the pressure I'm applying on a curved surface is accurate and also it gives a feel for the mesh discretization where the pressure is applied. The user has to basically identify the elements with a particular magnitude of pressure and save the list file (SFELIS.lis). The macro does everything else automatically. The downside to the macro is:\n1. Right now it only handles 10 node tet elements.\n2. The pressure has to be uniform\nThe user will have to modify some of the fields in the macro as well as the c-shell file prescalc.\"" }, { "title": "PSD Calculation Efficiency [PDF]", @@ -774,12 +1116,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/STI03_PSD_Efficiency.pdf", "description": "\"A very common use of PSD analyses is to look at the response of a system under a single base excitation, such as the case with many aerospace and civil applications. The default PSD settings are very general in nature and may consequently be inefficient for such a situation. This memo hopes to outline some ways in which the user may obtain more efficient PSD solutions for the specific instance of single base excitation with relatively flat spectrum (although some techniques may be extrapolated for other cases).\"…An older doc I recently reanimated and updated…" }, - { - "title": "Review of Anisotropy, Yield Criteria, Failure Criteria [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/STI03_Yield_and_Failure.pdf", - "description": "\"This memo hopes to serve as a review of the basics of anisotropy, yield criteria, failure criteria, and the ANSYS procedure related to these topics.\"\n(Week 15, week of 01/21/02.)" - }, { "title": "PSD Postprocessing [ZIP]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -787,154 +1123,159 @@ "description": "\"PSD, or random vibration, analyses present some interesting challenges in postprocessing due to the nature of the assumptions related to the analysis. This memo hopes to address some of these items, including evaluation of derived stresses and calculation of response power spectral density.\"\n…An older doc I recently reanimated and updated…" }, { - "title": "Contact Wizard Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]", + "title": "PSD Postprocessing of Relative Displacement [ZIP]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/STI05_ANSYS_6.0_Contact_Wizard.pdf", - "description": "Describes some of the enhancements made to the Contact Wizard at ANSYS 6.0, including support of 17x contact elements' thermal features and ability to edit contact pair options through same interface.\n(Week 5, week of 10/22/01.)" + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/STI0903_PSD_Postprocessing_2.zip", + "description": "\"PSD users may wish to determine the relative 1-sigma results between two points. This memo covers three methods to perform this operation, in hopes that it will give users more familiarity with PSD postprocessing in ANSYS.\"" }, { - "title": "Understanding the Response Surface Method in DesignXplorer [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/STI05_DesignXplorer.pdf", - "description": "\"ANSYS DesignXplorer enables the user to perform optimization studies based on multiple objectives, to account for uncertainties in product design and use, and to determine how best to improve product reliability. These tasks are accomplished through the use of response surfaces, and this memo hopes to cover some of the basics of DesignXplorer operation.\"" + "title": "Parameter Studies For Enhanced Integrity Of Reciprocating Compressor Foundation Blocks", + "author": "Jayant S. Mandke, Anthony J. Smalley", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/ta_94-1.pdf", + "description": "\"The model development and analyses of reinforced concrete block used the ANSYS finite element program.\"" }, { - "title": "Pressure Load Macro [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/STI05_Pressure_Loading.zip", - "description": "\"In ANSYS, pressure loading via the SFx family of commands allows users to apply a force per unit area in a direction normal to the surface. Structural surface effect elements SURF153 and SURF154 extend pressure loading capabilities by allowing users to specify normal, tangential, or arbitrary distributed loading. In fact, for an arbitrary ‘distributed loading vector,’ the full or projected area may be used, with or without the tangential component of load. This type of loading can be useful in mimicking a bearing load (include tangential component) or wind loading (no tangential component), to name a couple of examples.\n\"Because of the fact that the vector-type of pressure loading can be based on full or projected area, with or without the tangential component, trying to determine an appropriate value for the loading can be cumbersome. The author has written a simple macro which can be used as an example in utilizing surface effects more effectively by allowing the user to specify the total force instead of pressure – the macro calculates the appropriate pressure value to be applied on the surface effect elements.\"\n(Week 27, week of 07/04/04.)" + "title": "Parametric Studies in ANSYS [PDF]", + "author": "Sean Harvey (CSI)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/week26-parametric_studies.pdf", + "description": "Automated parametric studies in ANSYS (generating and using parametric input files)." }, { - "title": "Using the Radiosity Solver in Workbench Simulation [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/STI0603_Radiosity_Solver_Simulation.pdf", - "description": "Please note that in Workbench Mechanical 12.1, surface-to-surface radiation (using the Radiosity Solution Method) has been introduced in the GUI, so this memo is obsolete if you use version 12.1 and higher.\n\"Radiation can play an important role in heat transfer analyses. In Workbench Simulation 10.0, a “Radiation” load has been added to allow users to account for losses to the surroundings, although this does not include radiation exchange between surfaces.\n For users wishing to utilize the ANSYS surface-to-surface radiation capabilities, this memo hopes to introduce an easy method to include these effects within Workbench Simulation via Named Selections and Command objects.\n This type of methodology can be extended to include any other advanced solution feature of ANSYS which the user may wish to incorporate inside of Workbench Simulation.\"" + "title": "Patient Specific Spine Models - Development Of A Laboratory Intervertebral Disc For Validation Of The Models", + "author": "A. Mohsen, D. J. Siddall, P. Gillespie, S. Julian and M. J. Fagan ", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/a020.pdf", + "description": "\"This research project is aimed at evaluating the feasibility of the modelling technique through the development of an artificial validation spine. The validation spine will be tested under controlled laboratory conditions and the results used to verify those found from analysis of the computer model. The intervertebral disc is the most critical component in the spine. Thus, the initial aim of this research was to develop a representative artificial disc. Concurrent development of a finite element model of the disc permits development theories to be analysed and laboratory results to be verified.\"" }, { - "title": "Modeling Viscous Behavior [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/STI0604_Viscous_Behavior.zip", - "description": "\"Amorphous solids or solids at elevated temperatures may exhibit viscous behavior. It may be difficult for some users to determine how best to model such behavior. This memo hopes to describe some available options in ANSYS and to differentiate between viscoelastic and viscoplastic constitutive models.\"" + "title": "Physics first, using ANSYS to define the design: Real-life examples from the automotive supplier company Mannesmann VDO", + "author": "Zlatko Penzar", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/end02111b_pdf.pdf", + "description": "\"In many non-standard engineering development applications it strongly pays off to invest an effort into understanding the physics of the problem prior to undertaking complex numerical simulations. The better the knowledge of the leading physical effects in a complex system, the simpler and more cost-efficient the analytical model can be. Moreover, the understanding of the most important physical driving effects often enables one to build a simplified, closed-form mathematical effective model. Such models usually give insight into the interplay of various parameters governing the physical behavior of the complex system. In this way, a fast pre-optimization of the desired features is often possible. Subsequently, the rich arsenal of ANSYS multiphysics capabilities can be used to refine the judgements and obtain the desired quantitative solutions.\"" }, { - "title": "Undocumented Hyperelastic Material Models at 5.7-6.1 [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/STI06_Undocumented_Hyperelastic_Models.zip", - "description": "\"From 5.7, the 18x series of elements support a variety of hyperelastic constitutive models, namely general polynomial, Mooney-Rivlin, Neo-Hookean, Arruda-Boyce, and Ogden. Four other models have been included in 5.7 onwards, although these are undocumented options for TB,HYPER. These four models consist of the Yeoh and Gent models for incompressible behavior and the Hyperfoam and Blatz-Ko options for compressible rubbers. This memo hopes to provide a summary of these material models and of the required input.\"" + "title": "Pilsen00.pdf", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/Pilsen00.pdf", + "description": "Pilsen00.pdf" }, { - "title": "Using CMS in Workbench Simulation [ZIP]", + "title": "Plasticity Hardening Rules [ZIP]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/STI0701_CMS_in_Simulation.zip", - "description": "\"At Workbench 11.0, the ANSYS Rigid Dynamics add-on module enables users to model complex kinematic assemblies, whereby system-level performance as well as accurate force loading on components can be obtained.\n Although the parts in the assembly may initially be considered rigid, an interesting, related method is the use of component mode synthesis (CMS) to account for the flexibility of parts. This memo will attempt to cover a way in which users can incorporate CMS in their multibody analyses in Workbench Simulation.\"\n[For version 12.0, use supplied \"cms_use_v12.mac\"instead of \"cms_use.mac\"- courtesy of D. Creech.]" + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/STI11_Plasticity_Hardening_Rules.zip", + "description": "\"ANSYS has a wide range of constitutive models and element technology available to the user. In this memo, the basics of isotropic and kinematic hardening for plasticity will be discussed, specifically related to proportional/non-proportional, monotonic/cyclic loading, and finite strain applications.\"" }, { - "title": "Spatially-Varying Pressure Loading in Workbench Simulation [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/STI0702_External_Pressure_Loading_WB_Simulation.zip", - "description": "\"Workbench Simulation 11.0 allows users not only to apply constant pressure loads or force vectors per unit area but also to utilize hydrostatic pressure loads and line pressure loads (force per unit length), and these can be defined as a function of time. Moreover, fluid pressures can be mapped from a steady-state or transient ANSYS CFX solution.\nDespite these options, there may be situations where a user may want to import a predefined, spatially-varying pressure field from an external text file. This can be accomplished through the use of a “Commands” object and APDL tables, which this memo will introduce.\"\n(Week 38, week of 07/01/07.) " + "title": "Plotting Entities and Graphs in Multiple Windows [PDF]", + "author": "David Haberman (CSI)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/Week_18_multi-plot.pdf", + "description": "ANSYS 5.4 through 5.6 allow users to plot multiple entities (keypoints, lines, areas, volumes, nodes, and elements) in a given window. Prior to ANSYS 5.4, a user was required to plot entities on top of one another, like transparencies. Furthermore, multi-plotting also allows a user to generate graphs. The following memo discusses how the ANSYS multi-plotting feature works." }, { - "title": "User-Defined Hyperelasticity with USERHYPER [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/STI0703_USERHYPER.zip", - "description": "\"User-Programmable Features (UPFs) are an extremely useful feature for analysts that need additional advanced functionality, especially in the area of constitutive modeling.\nTB,HYPER allows users to include many incompressible and compressible hyperelastic material behavior – Ogden, Arruda-Boyce, Gent, Yeoh, Blatz-Ko are but some of the available models. However, for those wishing to use a customized strain energy function, the USERHYPER.F subroutine is available.\"" + "title": "Post Refinement Element Shape Improvement for Quadrilaterial Meshes [PDF]", + "author": "Matthew L. Staten and Scott A. Canann", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/post_refinement_quad.pdf", + "description": "\"This paper presents techniques for improving the quality of quadrilateral meshes after Schneiders' refinement. Improvement techniques use topology and node valence optimization rather than shape metrics. Hence, improvement is computationally inexpensive.\"" }, { - "title": "User-Defined Creep Laws with USERCREEP [ZIP]", + "title": "Postprocessing Harmonic Results [ZIP]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/STI0704_USERCREEP.zip", - "description": "\"ANSYS provides 13 creep equations for use with implicit creep – these range from the simple Norton law to the hyperbolic sine form to the Blackburn model to a rational polynomial expression, to name a few – that can be used to model a range of creep behavior for metals. The TBFT command provides curve-fitting functionality for the user wishing to evaluate creep material parameters from test data. Also, the user can model anisotropic creep as well as combine implicit creep with rate-independent plasticity to model a wide range of complex material response.\nDespite this wealth of features, however, one may wish to incorporate one’s own creep law into ANSYS. For example, a company may have their own creep equation with material parameters already defined and validated through testing. The built-in creep laws in ANSYS assume creep used in design rather than failure analysis, so the available creep laws are meant to model primary and secondary creep – consequently, another need to incorporate a user-defined creep law would arise when a user wants to include tertiary creep and/or to evaluate creep damage.\nThis memo will hope to address some aspects of writing one’s own user-defined creep law with the USERCREEP.F subroutine to address this issue.\"\nExample using Anand's model." + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/STI03_Harmonic_Postprocessing.zip", + "description": "\"In harmonic analyses, due to the fact that results may not be in phase, postprocessing quantities of interest can pose a challenge. Users may need to review non-sinusoidal results, such as equivalent stresses, at different locations, so accounting for phase information may be required.\n This memo hopes to cover some of the more important points regarding postprocessing structural harmonic analysis results in both the General and Time-History Postprocessors.\"" }, { - "title": "Buckling in Workbench Simulation [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/STI0705_Buckling.pdf", - "description": "\"Buckling may be a concern for some situations, where a user may need to modify the design to prevent buckling within a given load range. Conversely, failure analysis may need to be performed when a structure has collapsed.\nANSYS and Workbench Simulation have many tools to aid users in solving geometric instability problems, ranging from linear (eigenvalue) buckling to nonlinear, post-buckling analyses.\"\n(Week 41, week of 10/14/07)" + "title": "Predicting Human Thermal Comfort in a Transient Nonuniform Thermal Environment", + "author": "J.P. Rugh, R.B. Farrington, D. Bharathan, A. Vlahinos, R. Burke, C. Huizenga, and H. Zhang", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/thermal_comfort.pdf", + "description": "\"The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has developed a suite of thermal comfort tools to assist in the development of smaller and more efficient climate control systems in automobiles. These tools, which include a 126-segment sweating manikin, a finite element physiological model of the human body, and a psychological model based on human subject testing, are designed to predict human thermal comfort in transient nonuniform thermal environments such as automobiles. The manikin measures the heat loss from the human body in the vehicle environment and sends the heat flux from each segment to the physiological model. The physiological model predicts the body’s response to the environment, determines 126 segment skin temperatures, sweat rates, and breathing rate, and transmits the data to the manikin. The psychological model uses temperature data from the physiological model to predict the local and global thermal comfort as a function of local skin and core temperatures and their rates of change. Results of initial integration testing show the thermal response of a manikin segment to transient environmental conditions.\"\n\n[ANSYS Thermal, version unknown]" }, { - "title": "Acoustic Postprocessing [ZIP]", + "title": "Pressure Load Macro [ZIP]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/STI0706_Acoustic_Postprocessing.zip", - "description": "\"Acoustic analyses in ANSYS provides insight to the propagation of sound, and both visual and aural postprocessing can aid in this objective. This memo hopes to cover postprocessing methods for acoustic problems other than standard contour and XY plots.\"" + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/STI05_Pressure_Loading.zip", + "description": "\"In ANSYS, pressure loading via the SFx family of commands allows users to apply a force per unit area in a direction normal to the surface. Structural surface effect elements SURF153 and SURF154 extend pressure loading capabilities by allowing users to specify normal, tangential, or arbitrary distributed loading. In fact, for an arbitrary ‘distributed loading vector,’ the full or projected area may be used, with or without the tangential component of load. This type of loading can be useful in mimicking a bearing load (include tangential component) or wind loading (no tangential component), to name a couple of examples.\n\"Because of the fact that the vector-type of pressure loading can be based on full or projected area, with or without the tangential component, trying to determine an appropriate value for the loading can be cumbersome. The author has written a simple macro which can be used as an example in utilizing surface effects more effectively by allowing the user to specify the total force instead of pressure – the macro calculates the appropriate pressure value to be applied on the surface effect elements.\"\n(Week 27, week of 07/04/04.)" }, { - "title": "CERIG vs RBE3, RIGID184 [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/STI07_CERIG_RBE3_RIGID184.zip", - "description": "\"Constraint equations provide many useful features in ANSYS, such as tying together dissimilar meshes, representing parts of the system not explicitly modeled, or distributing loads. Two automated methods of generating constraint equations are the CERIG and RBE3 commands. Because there is often confusion over their use, this memo hopes to provide some information on differences between the two methods.\n\"Constraint equations in ANSYS are linear, so they are not valid for large-rotation analyses. RIGID184 is a beta element in version 6.1 which provides rigid link/beam capabilities, valid for large-rotation problems. The latter part of this memo will cover some details of this undocumented feature, available in 6.1.\"" + "title": "Pressure Mapping Example", + "author": "Bob Weathers (Trane)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/PressureMappingExample.zip", + "description": "An example which demonstrates mapping between dissimilar meshes and element types.\n\nAt the bottom of the macro is an example of how to apply the mapped results from the first model onto the second using a TABLe. The TABLe uses the second model's node numbers (sorted and stored in ascending order) to index into the TABLe. This results in a very efficient way to map boundary conditions that's fast and uses minimum memory." }, { - "title": "Understanding Lagrange Multipliers [PDF]", + "title": "Preventing Rigid-Body Motion in Contact Problems [ZIP]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/STI07_Lagrange_Multipliers.pdf", - "description": "\"Lagrange multipliers are a general term used in different areas of ANSYS, specifically contact and element formulation. This memo hopes to provide the user with a simplified introduction to the most important concepts in using elements with Lagrange multipliers, in hopes that some of the element options and solver selection can be better understood.\nCurrently, at ANSYS 6.0, the node-to-node gap element CONTA178 and the Mixed U-P formulation of the 18x elements (i.e., KEYOPT(6)>0) utilize Lagrange multipliers, so the discussion will focus on these elements.\"" + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/STI02_Rigid_Body_Contact.zip", + "description": "\"In contact problems run in a static manner, controlling rigid-body motion may sometimes be an issue under the following circumstances: (a) force-controlled systems or (b) multiple bodies with some parts unconstrained.\"\n\n\"This memo hopes to address some ways of controlling rigid-body motion in contact problems through the use of options available with the surface-to-surface contact elements.\"" }, { - "title": "Drucker-Prager Models [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/STI0802_Drucker_Prager.pdf", - "description": "\"The Drucker-Prager material model is used for pressure-dependent inelastic behavior of materials such as soils, rock, concrete, and powder. Because ANSYS offers three different Drucker-Prager constitutive models, this memo hopes to provide a comparison of the available options.\"\n(Week 44, week of 03/16/08)" + "title": "Principles of Simulating Contact Between Parts using ANSYS", + "author": "David H. Johnson", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/principles_of_simulating_contact_between.pdf", + "description": "\"The ANSYS finite element analysis (FEA) program offers a variety of elements designed to treat cases of changing mechanical contact between the parts of an assembly or between different faces of a single part. These elements range from simple, limited idealizations to complex and sophisticated, general purpose algorithms. FEA analysts are frequently faced with modeling situations where changing contact cannot be assumed negligible and ignored. Finding the best choices for contact elements, element options, solver, and solution options can drastically improve the model’s performance and reduce the analyst’s frustration with a contact simulation model.\"" }, { - "title": "Introduction to the Residual Vector Method [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/STI0803_Residual_Vectors.zip", - "description": "\"The residual vector method can improve the accuracy of mode-superposition harmonic response or transient analyses, especially when the high-frequency content of the structure is excited. This memo provides details on how users can take advantage of this analysis technique introduced in ANSYS 11.0.\"" + "title": "QR Damped Modal Analysis [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/week_29_STI68_TNT_Damped_Modal.pdf", + "description": "Presentation on different damped eigenvalue extraction methods in ANSYS, focusing on the newer QR Damped method.\nInput files in zip format" }, { - "title": "Basics on Structural Damping (Addendum) [ZIP]", + "title": "QR Damped and Unsymmetric Stiffness [ZIP]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/STI0804_Damping.zip", - "description": "\"Since ANSYS 5.6, there have been numerous enhancements as well as facets of the software program that have changed, including treatment of damping. This article is meant to serve as an addendum to Section 6 of the author’s \"Structural Damping\"memo, which was written in October, 2000.\"" + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/STI02_QR_Damped_Unsymmetric.zip", + "description": "\"There have been significant enhancements to the QR Damped eigenvalue extraction method in the past several releases of ANSYS. At 8.0, the capability of including unsymmetric damping [C] matrix was introduced, along with support of damping defined via the DMPRAT and MDAMP commands.\nANSYS 8.1, the material-based constant damping ratio MP,DMPR allowed users to specify constant damping ratios per material ID in mode-superposition harmonic analyses, when used with the QRDAMP eigensolver. With the release of 9.0, QRDAMP also supports unsymmetric stiffness [K] matrix, output of complex eigenvectors, and the use of the PSOLVE command. This memo hopes to cover the use of QR Damped eigenvalue extraction method in friction problems, where an unsymmetric stiffness [K] matrix may be present. An example of this type of problem is brake squeal analyses, where the combination of ANSYS 17x contact elements and the QRDAMP eigensolver provide an easy-to-use, efficient means of determining unstable modes.\"" }, { - "title": "Chaboche Nonlinear Kinematic Hardening Model [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/STI0805_Chaboche.pdf", - "description": "\"The Chaboche nonlinear kinematic hardening model was added in ANSYS 5.6 to complement the existing isotropic and kinematic hardening rules that users relied on. Despite its availability for nearly ten years as of the time of this writing, the Chaboche model has enjoyed limited popularity, in part because of the perceived complexity of calibrating the material parameters. This memo hopes to introduce the basics related to the Chaboche nonlinear kinematic model.\"\n(Week 47, week of 05/04/08)" + "title": "RDARV_Article1200.pdf", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/RDARV_Article1200.pdf", + "description": "RDARV_Article1200.pdf" }, { - "title": "User-Defined Output with USEROUT.F [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/STI0806_USEROUT.zip", - "description": "\"There are various situations where a user may wish to define specific type of output to postprocess — this can range from simple evaluation of safety factors to more involved damage calculations. While APDL, the ANSYS command language, allows users to manipulate results in any manner one sees fit, user-programmable features (UPFs) also provide a means for users to calculate specific output results efficiently at the solution level.\"\nExample of calculating fatigue and Cap (Extended Drucker-Prager) output." + "title": "Radiation article in ANSYS Solutions Magazine [PDF]", + "author": "Dave Looman (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/radiation.pdf", + "description": "Overview of ANSYS's radiation capabilities, including a discussion on the radiosity solution method." }, { - "title": "Viscoelasticity [ZIP]", + "title": "Radiosity Solver [PDF]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/STI0807_Viscoelasticity.zip", - "description": "\"Viscoelastic constitutive models allow users to analyze the time-dependent relaxation or creep behavior of materials, including glass, polymers, solid rocket propellants, to name a few. One may view viscoelastic materials as containing an elastic and viscous component, similar to a spring and dashpot in series. This memo will introduce viscoelastic input in ANSYS and as well as cover curve-fitting procedures.\"" + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/STI65_TNT_Radiosity_Solver.pdf", + "description": "Information on radiation capabilities of ANSYS, focusing on the radiosity solution method.\nAccompanying input files 1, 2, 3 and 4" }, { - "title": "Hill's Potential [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/STI0808_Hill.zip", - "description": "\"Anisotropic plasticity using Hill’s yield criterion was introduced in ANSYS 5.7, and the extensions to anisotropic creep and viscoplasticity were added in ANSYS 6.0. While Hill’s stress potential is most commonly used for rolled sheets, it can be used for other situations where three orthogonal planes of symmetry are preserved. This memo will introduce details of the usage of Hill’s potential in ANSYS.\"\n(Week 50, week of 08/31/08)" + "title": "Random Vibration Analysis of a Circuit Board [PDF]", + "author": "Sean Harvey (CSI)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/week23-random_vibrations_tow.pdf", + "description": "Example of random vibration analysis of a circuit board in ANSYS.\nInput files in zip format" }, { - "title": "Using PSOLVE [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/STI08_PSOLVE.zip", - "description": "Although most often used for large-deflection prestressed modal analyses, PSOLVE has other applications which make it attractive to use, especially for large models.\n\nPSOLVE can be used for the following situations:\n\nPrecise mass calculations\nDetailed listing of contact pair information\nEvaluation of tabular boundary conditions and loads\n\nSince PSOLVE is a partial solution (namely, calculation of element matrices), it is usually much faster than performing an actual solution. Hence, the user may obtain any (or all) of the above three types of information prior to running an actual analysis, which can be a valuable way of verifying model input and settings prior to solution.\n\n(Week 20, week of 07/14/02.)" + "title": "Reliability Needs", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/021501Syed.pdf", + "description": "Overview of Reliability Models and Data Needs" }, { - "title": "Compiling UPFs and Creating Customized ANSYS Executables [PDF]", + "title": "Review of Anisotropy, Yield Criteria, Failure Criteria [PDF]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/STI0901_Compiling_UPFs.pdf", - "description": "\"ANSYS User Programmable Features (UPFs) are quite powerful means of customizing ANSYS beyond the scripting capabilities of the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). Writing one’s own constitutive models or complex loading functions or even creating a user-defined element are possible with UPFs. \n\n Because some users may find it challenging to get started using UPFs, this memo hopes to discuss general issues related to compiling and linking a customized version of ANSYS for Windows and Linux environments.\"\n\n (Week 51, week of 02/08/09)" + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/STI03_Yield_and_Failure.pdf", + "description": "\"This memo hopes to serve as a review of the basics of anisotropy, yield criteria, failure criteria, and the ANSYS procedure related to these topics.\"\n(Week 15, week of 01/21/02.)" }, { - "title": "Contact Analysis Tips [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/STI0902_Contact_Tips.pdf", - "description": "\"Generally speaking, nonlinear analyses involving contact can be quite challenging to solve when the contacting area changes during the load history. However, ANSYS Workbench Simulation has very robust contact technology, along with diagnostic tools that can help the user obtain converged, accurate solutions. This memo hopes to discuss some tips related to contact analyses in hopes of aiding the user who encounters difficulties when solving contact analyses.\"" + "title": "S42-2_Dauksher.pdf", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/S42-2_Dauksher.pdf", + "description": "S42-2_Dauksher.pdf" + }, + { + "title": "SPIE-02-SS-4701-34-horn.pdf", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/SPIE-02-SS-4701-34-horn.pdf", + "description": "SPIE-02-SS-4701-34-horn.pdf" + }, + { + "title": "SPIE-02-SS-4701-36-USDC.pdf", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/SPIE-02-SS-4701-36-USDC.pdf", + "description": "SPIE-02-SS-4701-36-USDC.pdf" }, { - "title": "PSD Postprocessing of Relative Displacement [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/STI0903_PSD_Postprocessing_2.zip", - "description": "\"PSD users may wish to determine the relative 1-sigma results between two points. This memo covers three methods to perform this operation, in hopes that it will give users more familiarity with PSD postprocessing in ANSYS.\"" + "title": "SPIE-05_Zensheu-USDC-modeling.pdf", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/SPIE-05_Zensheu-USDC-modeling.pdf", + "description": "SPIE-05_Zensheu-USDC-modeling.pdf" }, { "title": "STI0904_USERFC.zip", @@ -943,40 +1284,56 @@ "description": "\"The FC command provides users with the ability to predict first-ply failure using maximum strain, maximum stress, or Tsai-wu failure criteria. In ANSYS 12.0.1, users can also take advantage of the userfc subroutine to define up to nine different criteria.\nThis memo reviews the userfc subroutine, and a sample implementation of the Hashin criterion is included.\"" }, { - "title": "Basics on Structural Damping [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/STI09_Damping.zip", - "description": "This is an old document I wrote a while ago on damping which I sometimes use. Although written back at version 5.6, it is still applicable at version 7.0.\n\"Damping is required in many dynamic applications, yet because there are many ways to include it, there is often confusion regarding the implementation of damping in ANSYS. This memo hopes to provide a general summary of the representation of damping available in ANSYS.\"" + "title": "Save Working Loads", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/1_1_4.pdf", + "description": "Iterative Determination of Save Working Loads (SWL) for Crawler Cranes" }, { - "title": "Flotran Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]", + "title": "Shape Memory Alloy", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/STI10_Flotran_Enhancements_at_6.0.pdf", - "description": "\"There have been several enhancements to Flotran at 6.0. These changes include more robust default settings, an additional advection scheme, a new coupling algorithm, and improvements to the ALE mesh morpher.\"" + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/Shape_Memory_Alloy.pdf", + "description": "Short PDF describing differences between the superelastic and shape memory effect options for Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) material model. Simple input file can be downloaded here." }, { - "title": "Manual Calculation of Strain Energy Density [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/STI10_Manual_Calculation_of_SEND.zip", - "description": "\"Output of elastic, plastic, and creep strain energy densities (SEND) was introduced in ANSYS 6.0, although this is limited to 18x elements in nonlinear analyses. Users whose models include core elements with plasticity and creep may also wish to obtain these quantities, and this memo hopes to review this procedure.\"\n(Week 22, week of 12/22/02.)" + "title": "Simulation of Brake Block Induced Corrugation on Railway Wheels", + "author": "Ulf Sellgren", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/app_h.pdf", + "description": "\"Railway wheels that are equipped with cast-iron brake blocks generate significantly more rolling noise than wheels with other types of braking devices or block materials. The roughness of the treads on cast-iron block-braked wheels has typically a peak at a wavelength around 6 cm. The complex interaction between quasi-static and dynamic mechanical behavior and thermal, chemical, and metallurgical effects in the block-wheel contact combined with the rolling and sliding situation in the wheel-rail contact has made it difficult to get an understanding of the causes from field measurements. Coupled transient thermal and quasi-static mechanical FE simulations with ANSYS show that thermoelastic instability (TEI) may be a major cause for the roughness initiation.\"" }, { - "title": "Plasticity Hardening Rules [ZIP]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/STI11_Plasticity_Hardening_Rules.zip", - "description": "\"ANSYS has a wide range of constitutive models and element technology available to the user. In this memo, the basics of isotropic and kinematic hardening for plasticity will be discussed, specifically related to proportional/non-proportional, monotonic/cyclic loading, and finite strain applications.\"" + "title": "Simulation of the Retroglossal Fluid-Structure Interaction During Obstructive Sleep Apnea", + "author": "Franz Chouly, Annemie Van Hirtum, Pierre-Yves Lagr´ee, Jean-Roch Paoli, Xavier Pelorson, and Yohan P", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/FranzChouly_LN2006.pdf", + "description": "\"A method for computing the interaction between the airflow and the soft tissue during an Obstructive Apnea is presented. It is based on simplifications of the full continuum formulation (Navier- Stokes and finite elasticity) to ensure computation time compatible with clinical applications. Linear elasticity combined with a precomputation method allows fast prediction of the tissue deformation, while an asymptotic formulation of the full Navier-Stokes equations (Reduced Navier- Stokes/Prandtl equations) has been chosen for the flow. The accuracy of the method has already been assessed experimentally. Then, simulations of the complete collapsus at the retroglossal level in the upper airway have been carried out, on geometries extracted from pre-operative radiographies of two apneic patients. Post-operative geometries have been also used to check qualitatively if the predictions from the simulations are in agreement with the effects of the surgery.\"\n[ANSYS Structural, version unspecified]" }, { - "title": "Modal Cyclic Symmetry Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]", + "title": "Sine sweep simulation [PDF]", + "author": "David Haberman (CSI", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/week6-compar-lm-dd3.pdf", + "description": "Discussion on harmonic sweeps, either via the direct displacement method or the large mass method.\nDirect displacement method example input file and Large mass method example input file" + }, + { + "title": "Smartsizing: Automatic Boundary Sizing for 2D and 3D meshes [PDF]", + "author": "Alexandre L. Cunha, Sunil Saigal, Scott A. Canann", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/auto_boundary_sizing.pdf", + "description": "\"We present in this paper a simple technique, called smart sizing, which automatically computes high quality initial element sizing on curves for triangular, quadrilateral and tetrahedral elements.\"" + }, + { + "title": "SolderTMC.pdf", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/SolderTMC.pdf", + "description": "SolderTMC.pdf" + }, + { + "title": "Sparse Solver Improvements [PDF]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/STI12_Cyclic_Symmetry_at_6.0.pdf", - "description": "\"At ANSYS 6.0, the modal cyclic symmetry procedure has been significantly improved. New commands, CYCLIC and CYCOPT, replace the older CYCGEN and CYCSOL macros and provide more flexibility and ease-of-use.\"" + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/STI04_Sparse_Solver.pdf", + "description": "\"There have been various sparse solver improvements in each release of ANSYS. This memo hopes to cover some general information on the solvers available in ANSYS as well as performance improvements between ANSYS 5.6 and 6.0 related to linear static analyses.\"" }, { - "title": "Radiosity Solver [PDF]", + "title": "Spatially-Varying Pressure Loading in Workbench Simulation [ZIP]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/STI65_TNT_Radiosity_Solver.pdf", - "description": "Information on radiation capabilities of ANSYS, focusing on the radiosity solution method.\nAccompanying input files 1, 2, 3 and 4" + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/STI0702_External_Pressure_Loading_WB_Simulation.zip", + "description": "\"Workbench Simulation 11.0 allows users not only to apply constant pressure loads or force vectors per unit area but also to utilize hydrostatic pressure loads and line pressure loads (force per unit length), and these can be defined as a function of time. Moreover, fluid pressures can be mapped from a steady-state or transient ANSYS CFX solution.\nDespite these options, there may be situations where a user may want to import a predefined, spatially-varying pressure field from an external text file. This can be accomplished through the use of a “Commands” object and APDL tables, which this memo will introduce.\"\n(Week 38, week of 07/01/07.) " }, { "title": "Structural Beam Elements Overview [PDF]", @@ -985,32 +1342,34 @@ "description": "An overview of beam elements available in ANSYS, including the new BEAM188/189 elements and differences between thin and thick beams." }, { - "title": "Save Working Loads", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/1_1_4.pdf", - "description": "Iterative Determination of Save Working Loads (SWL) for Crawler Cranes" + "title": "Structural Shell Elements Overview [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/Week_8_Structural_Shell_Elements.pdf", + "description": "Overview of structural shell elements in ANSYS, including differences between thin and thick shells, drilling DOF, etc." }, { - "title": "Shape Memory Alloy", + "title": "Structural Surface Effect Elements Intro [PDF]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/Shape_Memory_Alloy.pdf", - "description": "Short PDF describing differences between the superelastic and shape memory effect options for Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) material model. Simple input file can be downloaded here." + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/week5_Surface_Effect_Elements.pdf", + "description": "Introduction to structural surface effect elements (SURF153/154).\nBOLTLOAD input file" }, { - "title": "SolderTMC.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/SolderTMC.pdf", - "description": "SolderTMC.pdf" + "title": "Structural surface Effect Elements, General Overview", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/surfeff_final2.zip", + "description": "An overview presentation and example workshop on structural surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed." }, { - "title": "Sparse Solver Improvements [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/STI04_Sparse_Solver.pdf", - "description": "\"There have been various sparse solver improvements in each release of ANSYS. This memo hopes to cover some general information on the solvers available in ANSYS as well as performance improvements between ANSYS 5.6 and 6.0 related to linear static analyses.\"" + "title": "Subject Specific Finite Element Modelling of the Levator Ani", + "author": "Su-Lin Lee1, Ara Darzi, Guang-Zhong Yang", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/finite-element-levator.pdf", + "description": "\"Understanding of the dynamic behaviour of the levator ani is important to the assessment of pelvic floor dysfunction. Whilst shape modelling allows the depiction of 3D morphological variation of the levator ani between different patient groups, it is insufficient to determine the underlying behaviour of how the muscle deforms during contraction and strain. The purpose of this study is to perform a subject specific finite element analysis of the levator ani with open access magnetic resonance imaging. The method is based on a Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic model and permits dynamic study of subjects under natural physiological loadings. The value of the proposed modelling framework is demonstrated with dynamic 3D data from nulliparous, female subjects\"[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]" }, { - "title": "Human Heart Valves. Hyperelastic Material Modeling", - "author": "Mihai Stuparu", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/Stuparu.pdf", - "description": "\"Performing a finite element analysis (FEA) on a hyperelastic material is difficult due to nonlinearity, large deformation, and material instability. This paper provides a brief review of the hyperelastic theory and discusses several important issues that should be addressed when using ANSYS. Analysis on a fatigue specimen is used as an example of one of our product development challenges upon which these issues were illuminated. We believe that a stable material model in combination with a good understanding of structural instability for traditional materials is the key to success in simulating hyperelastic materials using ANSYS.\"" + "title": "Super Elastic Alloy Eyeglass Frame Design Using the ANSYS Workbench Environment", + "author": "Peter R. Barrett and Patrick Cunningham (CAEAI)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/ansysconf_paper_2004_CAEA.pdf", + "description": "\"Up front analysis at the concept stages of developing a device most often result in reduced time to market and a better more efficient product development cycle. Design Modeler (1) / DesignXplorer (2) and ANSYS Structural’s super-elastic material model (3) are used in this demonstration of a design process for an eyeglass frame. This example provides an illustration of using the parametric functionality of the ANSYS Workbench environment for a highly nonlinear application. The Workbench environment can be used to perform design iterations in conjunction with material laws only available in the standard ANSYS environment. A shape memory superelastic material law was formally included in ANSYS 8.0. The material law captures the super-elastic behavior of Nitinol (4) along with its unique hysteretic response under cyclic loading. In the demonstration, the eyeglass frame is subjected to crushing and cyclic loading events. Geometric design variables are varied in an attempt to increase the frame stiffness yet keep the peak strain levels in the frame below 10% strain, which is a typical elastic limit for Nitinol. The cyclic behavior of the material is also monitored under the design load to evaluate the potential of fatigue failure. The procedure demonstrates the ease in interfacing the suite of Workbench products with geometric, material and contact nonlinear analysis problems.\"" }, { "title": "Surface Effect Elements, General Overview", @@ -1023,30 +1382,84 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/T51-01.pdf", "description": "T51-01.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Fast Nonlinear Transient Thermal Solver [PDF]", - "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/THOPT.pdf", - "description": "Information on the fast nonlinear thermal solution method (THOPT), beta in 5.6 and documented in 5.7" - }, { "title": "Tabular Boundary Conditions and Function Editor at 6.0 [PDF]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/STI09_ANSYS_6.0_Function_Editor.pdf", "description": "\"This tips and tricks is an introductory memo on the use of tabular and function boundary conditions. The use of the Function Editor is also discussed.\"" }, + { + "title": "Techniques for Successfully Using ANSYS Contact Elements", + "author": "Rich Bothmann", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/051805_maug_contact_presentation.pdf", + "description": "Presentation from the Midwest ANSYS User Group\n[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 9.0]" + }, + { + "title": "Text and compression utilities [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/week10-Text_Compression_Utilities.pdf", + "description": "Memo on text editors which support syntax highlighting, useful in editing input files and/or macros. Also discusses compression utilities to reduce filesize of database and results files. (Also see \"bzip2\"compression utility, not discussed in memo)" + }, { "title": "The Building Blocks of Simulation: A New Family of Elements for Stress Analysis", "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/elements-18x.pdf", "description": "Presentation on 18x family of elements (part of the \"Advanced Analysis with ANSYS\"seminar during the 2002 User's Conference)." }, + { + "title": "The Comparison of Biomechanical Breast Models: Initial Results", + "author": "C. Tanner, J.A. Schnabel, A. Castellano Smith, L.I. Sonoda, D.L.G. Hill, D.J. Hawkes, A. Degenhard", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/comparison_of_biomechanical_breast_models.pdf", + "description": "\"We present initial results from evaluating the accuracy with which biomechanical breast models based on finite element methods can predict the displacements of tissue within the breast. We investigate the influence of different tissue elasticity values, Poisson’s ratios, boundary conditions, finite element solvers and mesh resolutions on one data set. MR images were acquired before and after compressing a volunteer’s breast gently. These images were aligned using a 3D non-rigid registration algorithm. The boundary conditions (surface displacements) were derived from the result of the non-rigid registration or by assuming no patient motion at the posterior or medial side. Three linear and two non-linear elastic material models were tested.\"" + }, + { + "title": "The Control Of The Thermal Environment Of Perimeter Spaces In Buildings To Prevent Cold Drafts", + "author": "Yuji Hukushima, Yasuo Utsumi, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Yoshimi Ishikawa, Mitsuo Suzuki, And Tatsuya Yamash", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/PA-27.pdf", + "description": "\"This paper is focused on the evaluation of simulation system using the experiment result and the configuration of pericounter which is the part of counter unit setting at bottom of window side with heat panel to avoid the influence of cold draft, utilizing simulation system. The simulation shows similar flow pattern to full scale experiment and consequent simulations indicate that cold draft does not flow into interior zone when the heat generation rate exceeds heat loss from the window in most cases. When the heat generation portion is 75% of heat loss from the window, some cases which have certain configuration of pericounter successfully avoids the influence of draft without fan.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Thermal Surface Effect Elements Intro [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/Week_11_Surface_Effect_Elements_Thermal.pdf", + "description": "Introduction to thermal surface effect elements (SURF151/152)." + }, + { + "title": "Thermal contact overview [PDF]", + "author": "Yongyi Zhu (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/tcontact.pdf", + "description": "Presentation on the thermal contact capabilities of the surface-to-surface contact elements, beta at 5.6.\nInput file for pressure-dependent thermal conductance" + }, + { + "title": "Thermal surface Effect Elements, General Overview", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/surfeff_final3.zip", + "description": "An overview presentation and example workshop on thermal surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed." + }, + { + "title": "Topology Optimization in ANSYS", + "author": "Brian King (IMPACT Engineering Solutions, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/051805_maug_topology_optimization_presentation.pdf", + "description": "Presentation from Midwest ANSYS User Group on Topological Optimization capability in ANSYS and Workbench Simulation." + }, { "title": "Towards Automated Determination of USERMAT for the Nonlinear Constitutive Behavior of Composites", "author": "J. Michopoulos, P. Mast, R. Badaliance, L. Gause, T. Chwastyk, R. Foerch", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/towards_automated_determination.pdf", "description": "\"Recent advances in finite element techniques and design optimization integration technologies along with the parallel hardware and software evolution have directed the CMS group to turn its attention to utilizing \"of the shelf\"technology of achieving the same goals. Thus, the \"Z-mat\"and \"Z-Optim\"packages from Northwest Numerics, Inc., have been utilized to extract the non-linear constitutive response from the available experimental data in an integrated and automated manner and in conjunction with the ANSYS/Mechanical infrastructure. The automation lies on the fact that the process automatically generates the code of a \"USERMAT\"subroutine that it can be subsequently used with any geometry and loading specification definable within the limits of ANSYS' non-linear element library. The geometry of the single notched specimen of NRL's In Plane has been used for developing and verifying the process.\"" }, + { + "title": "Transient Behavior of a Polymer Fill Material with Time Dependent Viscoelastic Properties", + "author": "John Thompson, Steven Groothuis, Hong Tang, Paul Koeneman", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/56.pdf", + "description": "\"In an effort to simplify the implementation of viscoelastic material models into ANSYS, an ANSYS User-Programmable Feature (UsrFictive) has been modified to allow a more practical definition of viscoelastic material parameters. Standard ANSYS input of material data may be based upon temperature. Currently, ANSYS material data may not be a function of any other parameter. Many polymers used in industry are initially liquid and must be “cured” in a manufacturing process. This fact means that the properties will change over time. This application demonstrates one method of implementing a curing process simulation for a viscoelastic polymer.\"\n[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 6.?] " + }, + { + "title": "Transient Thermal Analysis of Spot Welding Electrodes", + "author": "K. S. Yeung, P. H. Thornton", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/ARTICLE1.pdf", + "description": "\"The accurate thermal simulation of a spot welding electrode cap could permit critical design parameters to be identified for improved electrode life. In this study, a parametric model has been developed to predict the transient thermal behavior of a typical spot welding electrode cap. The model employs the technique of conjugate heat transfer analysis to avoid the problem of estimating a value for the heat transfer coefficient that arises with conventional heat transfer analysis.\"" + }, { "title": "Transmission of Mechanical Stresses within the Cytoskeleton of Adherent Cells: a Theoretical Analysis Based on a Multi-Component Cell Model", "author": "Philippe Tracqui and Jacques Ohayon", @@ -1063,6 +1476,60 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/Tunneling-Accelerometer-Paper.pdf", "description": "Tunneling-Accelerometer-Paper.pdf" }, + { + "title": "Understanding Accuracy and Discretization Error in an FEA Model", + "author": "Jon Pointer", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/54.pdf", + "description": "\"The often-ignored topic of mesh discretization error is examined to identify a simple set of rules that the average user can enlist to determine solution accuracy. The sources of discretization error are explained, tools to quantify it are introduced and an example is given. The purpose is to bring an understanding of these issues and usable tools to the common user who is not proficient in the mathematical basis of FEA.\"\n\n[ANSYS 7.1, 2004 Conference]" + }, + { + "title": "Understanding Lagrange Multipliers [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/STI07_Lagrange_Multipliers.pdf", + "description": "\"Lagrange multipliers are a general term used in different areas of ANSYS, specifically contact and element formulation. This memo hopes to provide the user with a simplified introduction to the most important concepts in using elements with Lagrange multipliers, in hopes that some of the element options and solver selection can be better understood.\nCurrently, at ANSYS 6.0, the node-to-node gap element CONTA178 and the Mixed U-P formulation of the 18x elements (i.e., KEYOPT(6)>0) utilize Lagrange multipliers, so the discussion will focus on these elements.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Understanding the Response Surface Method in DesignXplorer [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/STI05_DesignXplorer.pdf", + "description": "\"ANSYS DesignXplorer enables the user to perform optimization studies based on multiple objectives, to account for uncertainties in product design and use, and to determine how best to improve product reliability. These tasks are accomplished through the use of response surfaces, and this memo hopes to cover some of the basics of DesignXplorer operation.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Undocumented Hyperelastic Material Models at 5.7-6.1 [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/STI06_Undocumented_Hyperelastic_Models.zip", + "description": "\"From 5.7, the 18x series of elements support a variety of hyperelastic constitutive models, namely general polynomial, Mooney-Rivlin, Neo-Hookean, Arruda-Boyce, and Ogden. Four other models have been included in 5.7 onwards, although these are undocumented options for TB,HYPER. These four models consist of the Yeoh and Gent models for incompressible behavior and the Hyperfoam and Blatz-Ko options for compressible rubbers. This memo hopes to provide a summary of these material models and of the required input.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Use Of Finite Element Analysis To Simulate The Hyperelastic Behaviour Of Cardiovascular Tissue [PDF]", + "author": "S. Daly, P.J. Prendergast, F. Dolan, T.C. Lee", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/cardiovascular.pdf", + "description": "Examination of Mooney-Rivlin." + }, + { + "title": "User Implemented Nitinol Material Model in ANSYS", + "author": "Peter R. Barrett and Daniel Fridline", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/ansys_nitinol_paper.pdf", + "description": "\"Nitinol is an acronym for NIckel TItanium Naval Ordinance Laboratory since the alloy was originally developed at the Naval Lab. It is used to describe a family of materials, which contain a nearly equal mixture of nickel and titanium. Nitinol alloys are attractive to the medical device industry because they are biocompatible and when processed correctly, are at their optimum superelastic behavior at body temperature.\n\"Nitinol exhibits a different stress-strain curve for loading and unloading that cannot be modeled with existing material models in ANSYS. This paper describes the implementation of a unique user material model in ANSYS that simulates the nitinol superelastic behavior. Example analyses are provided demonstrating the application of this material model for medical implant devices called stents.\"[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]\nNote that TB,SMA allows users to access built-in shape memory alloy constitutive model in ANSYS. " + }, + { + "title": "User-Defined Creep Laws with USERCREEP [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/STI0704_USERCREEP.zip", + "description": "\"ANSYS provides 13 creep equations for use with implicit creep – these range from the simple Norton law to the hyperbolic sine form to the Blackburn model to a rational polynomial expression, to name a few – that can be used to model a range of creep behavior for metals. The TBFT command provides curve-fitting functionality for the user wishing to evaluate creep material parameters from test data. Also, the user can model anisotropic creep as well as combine implicit creep with rate-independent plasticity to model a wide range of complex material response.\nDespite this wealth of features, however, one may wish to incorporate one’s own creep law into ANSYS. For example, a company may have their own creep equation with material parameters already defined and validated through testing. The built-in creep laws in ANSYS assume creep used in design rather than failure analysis, so the available creep laws are meant to model primary and secondary creep – consequently, another need to incorporate a user-defined creep law would arise when a user wants to include tertiary creep and/or to evaluate creep damage.\nThis memo will hope to address some aspects of writing one’s own user-defined creep law with the USERCREEP.F subroutine to address this issue.\"\nExample using Anand's model." + }, + { + "title": "User-Defined Hyperelasticity with USERHYPER [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/STI0703_USERHYPER.zip", + "description": "\"User-Programmable Features (UPFs) are an extremely useful feature for analysts that need additional advanced functionality, especially in the area of constitutive modeling.\nTB,HYPER allows users to include many incompressible and compressible hyperelastic material behavior – Ogden, Arruda-Boyce, Gent, Yeoh, Blatz-Ko are but some of the available models. However, for those wishing to use a customized strain energy function, the USERHYPER.F subroutine is available.\"" + }, + { + "title": "User-Defined Output with USEROUT.F [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/STI0806_USEROUT.zip", + "description": "\"There are various situations where a user may wish to define specific type of output to postprocess — this can range from simple evaluation of safety factors to more involved damage calculations. While APDL, the ANSYS command language, allows users to manipulate results in any manner one sees fit, user-programmable features (UPFs) also provide a means for users to calculate specific output results efficiently at the solution level.\"\nExample of calculating fatigue and Cap (Extended Drucker-Prager) output." + }, { "title": "Using Abbreviations to Customize the Toolbar [PDF]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -1070,57 +1537,75 @@ "description": "\"The ANSYS Toolbar provides a useful means of accessing commonly-used functions, especially for users who use the GUI rather than typing in commands.\"\n\n\"This memo hopes to provide a brief introduction to the ANSYS Toolbar and, more importantly, how to assign macros or specific dialog boxes to the Toolbar buttons, including Fnc_ UIDL granules or ~eui Tcl/Tk dialog boxes.\"" }, { - "title": "VectorRotation.zip", - "author": "Bob Weathers (Trane)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/VectorRotation.zip", - "description": "\"These macros rotate a matrix of vectors from one set of Euler angles to another. One macro creates the rotation matrix and a second does the rotation. To test the macros, a pressurized cylinder (or optionally a sphere) is built, meshed, and solved in 6 different coordinate systems. To check accuracy, results are rotated from one CSYS to another by the macros and then compared to ANSYS. Set your text editor's tab stops to 2 for macro readability.\"\n\nIn the zip file, \"zTestRotationVector.mac\"is the test model macro, and \"zRotateVector.mac\"is the main macro to rotate vectors.\n\nUpdate 02/07/2009: correction to zRotateVector.mac provided by David Creech." + "title": "Using CMS in Workbench Simulation [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/STI0701_CMS_in_Simulation.zip", + "description": "\"At Workbench 11.0, the ANSYS Rigid Dynamics add-on module enables users to model complex kinematic assemblies, whereby system-level performance as well as accurate force loading on components can be obtained.\n Although the parts in the assembly may initially be considered rigid, an interesting, related method is the use of component mode synthesis (CMS) to account for the flexibility of parts. This memo will attempt to cover a way in which users can incorporate CMS in their multibody analyses in Workbench Simulation.\"\n[For version 12.0, use supplied \"cms_use_v12.mac\"instead of \"cms_use.mac\"- courtesy of D. Creech.]" }, { - "title": "Visualizing structural matrices in ANSYS using APDL", - "author": "Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/acton20081119-visualizing_matrices.pdf", - "description": "\"This article presents a method of visualizing structural matrices used in finite-element analysis using ANSYS and the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). The information is intended to provide some insight into the nature of structural matrices used in finite-element codes. Some terms used in sparse-matrix arithmetic are discussed, and methods for calculating certain quantities are provided. A test model is constructed to demonstrate how the stiffness, mass, and damping matrices may be visualized for various systems. The effect of element shape, element type (including superelements), element reordering, and equation reordering on structural matrices is briefly investigated.\"" + "title": "Using PSOLVE [ZIP]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/STI08_PSOLVE.zip", + "description": "Although most often used for large-deflection prestressed modal analyses, PSOLVE has other applications which make it attractive to use, especially for large models.\n\nPSOLVE can be used for the following situations:\n\nPrecise mass calculations\nDetailed listing of contact pair information\nEvaluation of tabular boundary conditions and loads\n\nSince PSOLVE is a partial solution (namely, calculation of element matrices), it is usually much faster than performing an actual solution. Hence, the user may obtain any (or all) of the above three types of information prior to running an actual analysis, which can be a valuable way of verifying model input and settings prior to solution.\n\n(Week 20, week of 07/14/02.)" }, { - "title": "WEP125G.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/WEP125G.pdf", - "description": "WEP125G.pdf" + "title": "Using the Radiosity Solver in Workbench Simulation [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/STI0603_Radiosity_Solver_Simulation.pdf", + "description": "Please note that in Workbench Mechanical 12.1, surface-to-surface radiation (using the Radiosity Solution Method) has been introduced in the GUI, so this memo is obsolete if you use version 12.1 and higher.\n\"Radiation can play an important role in heat transfer analyses. In Workbench Simulation 10.0, a “Radiation” load has been added to allow users to account for losses to the surroundings, although this does not include radiation exchange between surfaces.\n For users wishing to utilize the ANSYS surface-to-surface radiation capabilities, this memo hopes to introduce an easy method to include these effects within Workbench Simulation via Named Selections and Command objects.\n This type of methodology can be extended to include any other advanced solution feature of ANSYS which the user may wish to incorporate inside of Workbench Simulation.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Using the WB Simulation Remote Solution Manager [PDF]", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/STI01_Remote_Solution_Manager.pdf", + "description": "\"Workbench Simulation has the ability to allow the user to solve multiple jobs locally or remotely. These capabilities are defined within the \"Solution” branch of WB Simulation as well as in the WB Remote Solution Manager.\n \"This memo hopes to introduce this capability, especially with regards to solving multiple jobs locally on a Windows machine.\"\n(Week 33, week of 04/02/06.)" + }, + { + "title": "VM256 with Workbench Mechanical", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/vm256.zip", + "description": "Created a Workbench 12.0 version of VM256.\nUseful for users who may wish to get a better understanding of implementing the CINT command inside of Workbench Mechanical for J-integral and stress intensity factor calculations." + }, + { + "title": "VM267 with Workbench Mechanical", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/vm267.zip", + "description": "Created a Workbench 12.0 version of VM267.\nUseful for users who may wish to get a better understanding of implementing the CINT command inside of Workbench Mechanical for stress intensity factor calculations." }, { - "title": "Converting piezoelectric data [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/Week13_TNT_Conversion_of_Piezoelectric_Material_Data.pdf", - "description": "Conversion of material properties of piezoelectric ceramics (such as PZT) has caused many users confusion because of the difference between manufacturer-supplied data and the format required by ANSYS. This memo hopes to clarify this point and to provide users with information on conversion routines. [Accompanying Spreadsheet]()." + "title": "Various MEMS Examples Using ANSYS [ZIP]", + "author": "(EPFL, The Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/EPFL_Tutorial.zip", + "description": "Tutorials on using ANSYS with various MEMS examples. This was originally taken from EPFL's website." }, { - "title": "Thermal Surface Effect Elements Intro [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/Week_11_Surface_Effect_Elements_Thermal.pdf", - "description": "Introduction to thermal surface effect elements (SURF151/152)." + "title": "VectorRotation.zip", + "author": "Bob Weathers (Trane)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/VectorRotation.zip", + "description": "\"These macros rotate a matrix of vectors from one set of Euler angles to another. One macro creates the rotation matrix and a second does the rotation. To test the macros, a pressurized cylinder (or optionally a sphere) is built, meshed, and solved in 6 different coordinate systems. To check accuracy, results are rotated from one CSYS to another by the macros and then compared to ANSYS. Set your text editor's tab stops to 2 for macro readability.\"\n\nIn the zip file, \"zTestRotationVector.mac\"is the test model macro, and \"zRotateVector.mac\"is the main macro to rotate vectors.\n\nUpdate 02/07/2009: correction to zRotateVector.mac provided by David Creech." }, { - "title": "Memory management and configuration [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/Week_14_Memory_Configuration.pdf", - "description": "Memo on memory management and configuration, especially in conjunction with the PCG solver and options in linear static analyses." + "title": "Viscoelasticity", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/conflong_viscoel.pdf", + "description": "Presentation on the viscoelasticity model, introduced in ANSYS 6.1, available for both hypo- and hyper-elasticity (part of the \"Advanced Analysis with ANSYS\"seminar during the 2002 User's Conference)." }, { - "title": "Nonlinear monitoring [PDF]", + "title": "Viscoelasticity [ZIP]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/Week_16_Nonlinear_Monitor.pdf", - "description": "Memo covering the benefits of the jobname.mntr file and the MONITOR command in nonlinear analyses." + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/STI0807_Viscoelasticity.zip", + "description": "\"Viscoelastic constitutive models allow users to analyze the time-dependent relaxation or creep behavior of materials, including glass, polymers, solid rocket propellants, to name a few. One may view viscoelastic materials as containing an elastic and viscous component, similar to a spring and dashpot in series. This memo will introduce viscoelastic input in ANSYS and as well as cover curve-fitting procedures.\"" }, { - "title": "Converting pressures to nodal forces [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/Week_17_STI52_TNT_converting_pressures_to_nodal_forces.pdf", - "description": "Tip on converting element pressures to nodal forces. This can be useful for mode superposition methods where LVSCALE may not be suitable.\n SI_P2F Macro and test input file." + "title": "Visualizing structural matrices in ANSYS using APDL", + "author": "Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/acton20081119-visualizing_matrices.pdf", + "description": "\"This article presents a method of visualizing structural matrices used in finite-element analysis using ANSYS and the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). The information is intended to provide some insight into the nature of structural matrices used in finite-element codes. Some terms used in sparse-matrix arithmetic are discussed, and methods for calculating certain quantities are provided. A test model is constructed to demonstrate how the stiffness, mass, and damping matrices may be visualized for various systems. The effect of element shape, element type (including superelements), element reordering, and equation reordering on structural matrices is briefly investigated.\"" }, { - "title": "Multiframe Restarts [PDF]", - "author": "Sean Harvey (CSI)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/Week_19_tip_of_week_restart.pdf", - "description": "Memo covering the multiframe restart capability (RESCON) in ANSYS.\nAccompanying input file" + "title": "WEP125G.pdf", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/WEP125G.pdf", + "description": "WEP125G.pdf" }, { "title": "Windows file association for ANSYS files [PDF]", @@ -1129,22 +1614,10 @@ "description": "How to associate database, graphics, and input files with ANSYS under Windows, so one can launch ANSYS more easily without the ANSYS launcher." }, { - "title": "Structural Shell Elements Overview [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/Week_8_Structural_Shell_Elements.pdf", - "description": "Overview of structural shell elements in ANSYS, including differences between thin and thick shells, drilling DOF, etc." - }, - { - "title": "Patient Specific Spine Models - Development Of A Laboratory Intervertebral Disc For Validation Of The Models", - "author": "A. Mohsen, D. J. Siddall, P. Gillespie, S. Julian and M. J. Fagan ", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/a020.pdf", - "description": "\"This research project is aimed at evaluating the feasibility of the modelling technique through the development of an artificial validation spine. The validation spine will be tested under controlled laboratory conditions and the results used to verify those found from analysis of the computer model. The intervertebral disc is the most critical component in the spine. Thus, the initial aim of this research was to develop a representative artificial disc. Concurrent development of a finite element model of the disc permits development theories to be analysed and laboratory results to be verified.\"" - }, - { - "title": "Clustering Results Around Peaks for Full-Harmonic Analyses in ANSYS", - "author": "Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/aacton20080723-clustering.pdf", - "description": "\"This article presents a method for obtaining full harmonic solutions clustered around potential peak responses. Full harmonic analyses provide exact solutions, typically calculated at equally spaced intervals over the desired frequency range. Mode-superposition analyses, however, provide approximate solutions, but can be clustered around potential resonant peaks. The hybrid method discussed in this article uses a modal solution to determine natural frequencies, which are then used to calculate clusters of points surrounding those frequencies. Full harmonic solutions can then be performed at these clustered points. Examples and input les are provided in order to utilize this method.\"" + "title": "Workbench XML Material Format", + "author": "ANSYS, Inc.", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/Material_XML.zip", + "description": "ANSYS Workbench Engineering Data module (e.g., Workbench Simulation, Workbench FE Modeler) can import/export material data as XML files. These XML files utilize the MatML format, and this zip file contains an example. This can be useful for users wishing to generate their own material libraries in XML format outside of Workbench Engineering Data." }, { "title": "acton20080825-condition_number.pdf", @@ -1157,24 +1630,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/ahieke.pdf", "description": "ahieke.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Finite Element Analysis To Investigate The Significance Of Functional Gradients In Dental Restorations [PDF]", - "author": "Tan Kok Wai, Alex and Anand Asundi", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/alex-fem.pdf", - "description": "Use of SOLID46 element." - }, - { - "title": "Advancing Analysis Capabilities In ANSYS Through Solver Technology", - "author": "Gene Poole, Yong-Cheng Liu, and Jan Mandel", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/amg2001.pdf", - "description": "\"This paper will describe implementation considerations for the addition of new solver technology to a large legacy code, compare resource requirements for the various solver choices and present some comparative results from several customer generated problems. The AMG solver benefits, both in improved robustness and parallel processing efficiency will be described. The paper will also discuss some of the implementation challenges that have been overcome to add new solver technology to a large existing code. The role of solver technology in meeting current and future demands of large scale commercial analysis codes will be discussed.\"" - }, - { - "title": "Analysis Of Reinforced Concrete Structures Using ANSYS Nonlinear Concrete Model", - "author": "Antonio F. Barbosa and Gabriel O. Ribeiro", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/analysis-of-reinforced-concrete.pdf", - "description": "\"This paper considers the practical application of nonlinear models in the analysis of reinforced concrete structures. The results of some analyses performed using the reinforced concrete model of the general purpose finite element code ANSYS are presented and discussed.\"" - }, { "title": "andersen.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/andersen.pdf", @@ -1185,12 +1640,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/ansys25b.pdf", "description": "ansys25b.pdf" }, - { - "title": "ANSYS Mechanical - A Powerful Nonlinear Simulation Tool", - "author": "Grama Bhashyam (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/ansys_mechanical_wp.pdf", - "description": "A whitepaper describing various ANSYS features in the area of nonlinear mechanics, including element formulation, constitutive models, and contact technology." - }, { "title": "ansys_news_1995_3.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/ansys_news_1995_3.pdf", @@ -1211,12 +1660,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/ansys_news_1996_3.pdf", "description": "ansys_news_1996_3.pdf" }, - { - "title": "User Implemented Nitinol Material Model in ANSYS", - "author": "Peter R. Barrett and Daniel Fridline", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/ansys_nitinol_paper.pdf", - "description": "\"Nitinol is an acronym for NIckel TItanium Naval Ordinance Laboratory since the alloy was originally developed at the Naval Lab. It is used to describe a family of materials, which contain a nearly equal mixture of nickel and titanium. Nitinol alloys are attractive to the medical device industry because they are biocompatible and when processed correctly, are at their optimum superelastic behavior at body temperature.\n\"Nitinol exhibits a different stress-strain curve for loading and unloading that cannot be modeled with existing material models in ANSYS. This paper describes the implementation of a unique user material model in ANSYS that simulates the nitinol superelastic behavior. Example analyses are provided demonstrating the application of this material model for medical implant devices called stents.\"[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]\nNote that TB,SMA allows users to access built-in shape memory alloy constitutive model in ANSYS. " - }, { "title": "ansys_short_course.pdf", "author": "Tim Langlais (University of Minnesota)", @@ -1243,32 +1686,16 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/ansys_solutions_2003_summer.pdf", "description": "ansys_solutions_2003_summer.pdf" }, - { - "title": "ansysconf_paper_2004_CAEA.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/ansysconf_paper_2004_CAEA.pdf", - "description": "ansysconf_paper_2004_CAEA.pdf" - }, { "title": "antonova-C2.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/antonova-C2.pdf", "description": "antonova-C2.pdf" }, - { - "title": "app_h.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/app_h.pdf", - "description": "app_h.pdf" - }, { "title": "asyed_ectc2004_corrected.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/asyed_ectc2004_corrected.pdf", "description": "asyed_ectc2004_corrected.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Smartsizing: Automatic Boundary Sizing for 2D and 3D meshes [PDF]", - "author": "Alexandre L. Cunha, Sunil Saigal, Scott A. Canann", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/auto_boundary_sizing.pdf", - "description": "\"We present in this paper a simple technique, called smart sizing, which automatically computes high quality initial element sizing on curves for triangular, quadrilateral and tetrahedral elements.\"" - }, { "title": "barni1.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/barni1.pdf", @@ -1280,12 +1707,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/batch.zip", "description": "This is an example of how to drag-and-drop a .db file onto a DOS batch file to initiate an analysis. \n\n Unzip the file and rename \"Run Nonlinear.txt \"to Run Nonlinear.bat\". Place it on your desktop. \n\n Place \"solve_batch.inp\"in your D: drive or edit \"Run Nonlinear.bat\"to change the location of this APDL input file. \n\n Drag and drop any .db file containing a ready-to-solve nonlinear analysis onto \"Run Nonlinear.bat\". \n\n You will find that the solution will initiate in the same working directory, and you can also track the nonlinear solution graphically as the solution is solving in batch. " }, - { - "title": "Benchmark Tests on ANSYS Parallel Processing Technology", - "author": "Kentaro Suzuki", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/benchmar_tests_on_ansys_parallel_proc.pdf", - "description": "\"ANSYS Inc. has released parallel processing solvers, DDS (Distributed Domain Solver) and AMG (Algebraic Multigrid Solver) in ANSYS version 5.7 in order to meet the requirements from the market.\"\n\n\"In this paper, simple tests are first carried out to confirm the features and capabilities of DDS and AMG for different types of analyses. Furthermore, real-life problems such as thermal stress of an engine block (7.3 million DOF) and elastic-plastic-creep behavior of an IC packaging (about 84,000 DOF) are analyzed. The effectiveness of ANSYS parallel processing solvers is also studied.\"" - }, { "title": "benchmark_1.zip", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/benchmark_1.zip", @@ -1296,12 +1717,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/bericht92.pdf", "description": "bericht92.pdf" }, - { - "title": "BMSweep: Locating Interior Nodes During Sweeping [PDF]", - "author": "Matthew L. Staten, Scott A. Canann, and Steve J. Owen", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/bmsweep.pdf", - "description": "\"BMSweep is a new algorithm to determine the location of interior nodes while volume sweeping.\"" - }, { "title": "boot.zip", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -1318,12 +1733,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/bzahn_ball_via_fatigue_paper.pdf", "description": "bzahn_ball_via_fatigue_paper.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Use Of Finite Element Analysis To Simulate The Hyperelastic Behaviour Of Cardiovascular Tissue [PDF]", - "author": "S. Daly, P.J. Prendergast, F. Dolan, T.C. Lee", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/cardiovascular.pdf", - "description": "Examination of Mooney-Rivlin." - }, { "title": "cj21-wai.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/cj21-wai.pdf", @@ -1335,59 +1744,16 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/closed_tank.zip", "description": "Comparison of FLUID30 (acoustic fluid element) and FLUID80 (contained fluid element) for sloshing in a tank." }, - { - "title": "An Approach to Combined Laplacian and Optimization-Based Smoothing for Triangular, Quadrilateral, and Quad-Dominant Meshes [PDF]", - "author": "Scott A. Canann, Joseph R. Tristano, Matthew L. Staten", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/combined_l_o_smoothing.pdf", - "description": "\"In this paper, an overall mesh smoothing scheme is presented for meshes consisting of triangular, quadrilateral, or mixed triangular and quadrilateral elements. This paper describes an efficient and robust combination of constrained Laplacian smoothing together with an optimization-based smoothing algorithm.\"" - }, - { - "title": "The Comparison of Biomechanical Breast Models: Initial Results", - "author": "C. Tanner, J.A. Schnabel, A. Castellano Smith, L.I. Sonoda, D.L.G. Hill, D.J. Hawkes, A. Degenhard", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/comparison_of_biomechanical_breast_models.pdf", - "description": "\"We present initial results from evaluating the accuracy with which biomechanical breast models based on finite element methods can predict the displacements of tissue within the breast. We investigate the influence of different tissue elasticity values, Poisson’s ratios, boundary conditions, finite element solvers and mesh resolutions on one data set. MR images were acquired before and after compressing a volunteer’s breast gently. These images were aligned using a 3D non-rigid registration algorithm. The boundary conditions (surface displacements) were derived from the result of the non-rigid registration or by assuming no patient motion at the posterior or medial side. Three linear and two non-linear elastic material models were tested.\"" - }, { "title": "compressive.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/compressive.pdf", "description": "compressive.pdf" }, { - "title": "conflong_castiron.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/conflong_castiron.pdf", - "description": "conflong_castiron.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "conflong_creep.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/conflong_creep.pdf", - "description": "conflong_creep.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "conflong_gasket.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/conflong_gasket.pdf", - "description": "conflong_gasket.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "conflong_hyperel.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/conflong_hyperel.pdf", - "description": "conflong_hyperel.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "conflong_viscoel.pdf", + "title": "conflong_hypHyperelasticity", "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/conflong_viscoel.pdf", - "description": "Presentation on the viscoelasticity model, introduced in ANSYS 6.1, available for both hypo- and hyper-elasticity (part of the \"Advanced Analysis with ANSYS\"seminar during the 2002 User's Conference)." - }, - { - "title": "PDF file summarizing beta contact features at 5.6.1 [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/contact_beta_56.pdf", - "description": "Presentation on the thermal contact and fluid pressure capabilities of the surface-to-surface contact elements. This was written when these capabilities were beta at 5.6. Thermal capabilites are documented at 5.7.\nAccompanying thermal contact example and fluid pressure example" - }, - { - "title": "contact_tech.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/contact_tech.pdf", - "description": "contact_tech.pdf" + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/conflong_hyperel.pdf", + "description": "Presentation on the various hyperelastic strain energy functions available in ANSYS (part of the \"Advanced Analysis with ANSYS\" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).erel.pdf" }, { "title": "coolingreview.pdf", @@ -1405,18 +1771,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/STI01_Creating_Custom_Animations.zip", "description": "\"Animations are quite useful, both in presenting results of an analysis to others as well as obtaining better insight into the complex response of a system. While ANSYS has many built-in animation capabilities, sometimes, it may be necessary to create a macro for a customized animation. This memo covers one method of generating such animations.\"" }, - { - "title": "Comparison of Rectangular and Spherical Models", - "author": "Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/cubeandsphere.pdf", - "description": "\"The purpose of this investigation was to compare the two modelling techniques for an infinite boundary. The first technique involves setting the elements on the edges of the model to have an absorptive property by changing the material properties so that mu=1. The second technique involves the use of infinite elements (infinite129) that must be placed on a constant radius curvature.\"" - }, - { - "title": "Cyclic Symmetry Analysis", - "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/cyclic_symmetry_analysis.pdf", - "description": "Presentation on cyclic symmetry enhancements at ANSYS 6.1 (part of the \"Advanced Analysis with ANSYS\"seminar during the 2002 User's Conference)." - }, { "title": "dakota.zip", "author": "Dave Lindeman (3M)", @@ -1439,47 +1793,17 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/disrpap.pdf", "description": "disrpap.pdf" }, - { - "title": "DesignSpace Tutorial 2", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/dspace_assembly.zip", - "description": "Simple tutorial on analyzing assemblies using DesignSpace with focus on compatibility with SolidWorks." - }, - { - "title": "DesignSpace Tutorial 1", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/dspace_part.zip", - "description": "Simple tutorial on analyzing parts using DesignSpace with focus on compatibility with SolidWorks." - }, - { - "title": "Effects of Nonlinear Geometric and Material Properties on the Seismic Response of Fluid/Tank Systems", - "author": "He Liu, Daniel H. Schubert", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/effects_of_nonlinear_geometric.pdf", - "description": "\"To explore the effects large deformation and nonlinear material properties have on the seismic response of fluid/tank systems, the computer program ANSYS was selected to develop a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model of a ground level, cylindrical steel shell and roof tank structure with contained fluid under seismic load. The ANSYS program was selected for its ability to include shell and structural steel elements, contained fluid elements, fluid-structure interactions, material and geometric nonlinearities, and contact type elements. For purposes of this study, analysis results from a linear elastic, small deformation fixed base model are compared with an elasto-plastic material property model with large deformation assumptions. Results show the significant difference in results based on the assumptions used and indicate that current design code based values may not be conservative in resultant loading calculations.\"" - }, { "title": "elastdata_Unix.zip", "author": "Hursha Narayan (Robert Bosch Corporation)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/elastdata_Unix.zip", "description": "Macro for a fully automated procedure for calculating M-R coefficients from Test Data\n\"I have developed a macro that fully automates the importing of elastomer test data into ANSYS and calculate the Mooney-Rivlin coefficients. The macro uses Lagrange interpolation technique to calculate the stress data at equal intervals of strain. This can then be read into an array in ANSYS to evaluate the M-R coeffs. I'm sending you Windows and Unix version of the macro. The difference between the two versions are in the awk and script files that I use to manipulate data. The user needs to go through all the files just to change the directories where the files will be located and accessed. The files reformat(Unix) and reformat.csh(windows) should have rwx permissions. The reformat.csh used in windows can be converted to a batch file. Awk utility should be available under windows. The procedure expects Simple Tension, Planar Tension and Biaxial Extension data to be available.\"" }, - { - "title": "Physics first, using ANSYS to define the design: Real-life examples from the automotive supplier company Mannesmann VDO", - "author": "Zlatko Penzar", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/end02111b_pdf.pdf", - "description": "\"In many non-standard engineering development applications it strongly pays off to invest an effort into understanding the physics of the problem prior to undertaking complex numerical simulations. The better the knowledge of the leading physical effects in a complex system, the simpler and more cost-efficient the analytical model can be. Moreover, the understanding of the most important physical driving effects often enables one to build a simplified, closed-form mathematical effective model. Such models usually give insight into the interplay of various parameters governing the physical behavior of the complex system. In this way, a fast pre-optimization of the desired features is often possible. Subsequently, the rich arsenal of ANSYS multiphysics capabilities can be used to refine the judgements and obtain the desired quantitative solutions.\"" - }, { "title": "erfurt02new_detector-reprint.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/erfurt02new_detector-reprint.pdf", "description": "erfurt02new_detector-reprint.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Local Approximation Estimators For Algebraic Multigrid", - "author": "Jan Mandel", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/estim.pdf", - "description": "\"We are concerned with the development of Algebraic Multigrid (AMG) for symmetric, positive definite linear systems arizing from finite element discretization of elliptic partial differential equations. AMG methods attempt to create coarse levels from the algebraic system automatically, using no or only a minimum of additional information. The basic idea of the multigrid algorithm is that fine level error on which the smoothing process is not effective should be reduced by the coarse correction. Therefore, a-priori estimates of the approximation of fine level functions by coarse level function are important to guide the design of robust AMG methods.\"" - }, { "title": "expansion.pdf", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -1491,73 +1815,21 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/fiber_concrete.pdf", "description": "fiber_concrete.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Subject Specific Finite Element Modelling of the Levator Ani", - "author": "Su-Lin Lee1, Ara Darzi, Guang-Zhong Yang", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/finite-element-levator.pdf", - "description": "\"Understanding of the dynamic behaviour of the levator ani is important to the assessment of pelvic floor dysfunction. Whilst shape modelling allows the depiction of 3D morphological variation of the levator ani between different patient groups, it is insufficient to determine the underlying behaviour of how the muscle deforms during contraction and strain. The purpose of this study is to perform a subject specific finite element analysis of the levator ani with open access magnetic resonance imaging. The method is based on a Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic model and permits dynamic study of subjects under natural physiological loadings. The value of the proposed modelling framework is demonstrated with dynamic 3D data from nulliparous, female subjects\"[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]" - }, - { - "title": "finite_element_analysis_of_crowning_caps.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/finite_element_analysis_of_crowning_caps.pdf", - "description": "finite_element_analysis_of_crowning_caps.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "finite_element_based_solder_joint_fatigue.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/finite_element_based_solder_joint_fatigue.pdf", - "description": "finite_element_based_solder_joint_fatigue.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "FLOTRAN Chills Out Hot Aerospace Electronics", - "author": "Mark Troscinski, Jiang Guangnan, Zhang Minyi", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/flotran_chills_out.pdf", - "description": "Examples of use of Flotran for electronics applications.\nFrom ANSYS Solutions, Vol. 4 Number 2." - }, - { - "title": "A Finite Element Model For Pre- And Post-Test Calculations of the FOREVER-Experiments", - "author": "H. G. Willschuetz, E. Altstadt, F. P. Weiss, B. R. Sehgal", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/fp8542.pdf", - "description": "\"An axis-symmetric Finite Element (FE) model is developed based on the multi-purpose code ANSYS/Multiphysics. Using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) module the temperature field within the melt pool and within the vessel wall is evaluated. The transient structural mechanical calculations are then performed applying a creep model which takes into account large temperature, stress and strain variations.\" (Document 2)" - }, - { - "title": "FE Analysis of ATLAS: End Cap Support Structure - PSD Spectrum Analysis", - "author": "C.J.Nelson", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/frequency_response.pdf", - "description": "\"This report investigates the effect of a PSD (Power Spectral Density) random input load on an early FE model of the ATLAS EndCap Support Structure. Statistical predictions of the maximum displacement are presented.\"[ANSYS Structural, version 5.3]" - }, { "title": "fsi-ansys.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/fsi-ansys.pdf", "description": "fsi-ansys.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Analysis Of Gasketed Flanges With Ordinary Elements Using APDL Control", - "author": "Yasumasa Shoji, Satoshi Nagata", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/gasketed_flanges_ordinary_elements_apdl_control.pdf", - "description": "\"The analysis of gasketted flanges is now becoming an essential technique to design pressure vessels or piping, because the design code is being modified. On the other hand, the gasket has an extreme nonlinearity which causes the analysis to be very difficult, especially using linear material properties. A finite element analysis program other than ANSYS has the element library for gasket element, but ANSYS does not have it yet.\"\r\n \r\n \"The authors developed a method to model this nonlinear gasket by using the elements available in ANSYS Rel. 5.5 for 2-dimensional axisymmetric analysis and those in Rel. 5.6 for 3-dimensional analysis. In this paper, the concept and the procedure of the modeling is introduced. The data input is possible using a template, without using any other ANSYS commands. The whole analysis execution is controlled by APDL.\"\r\n \r\n [STI: Gasket elements are available from version 6.1 onwards, after this paper was written]" - }, - { - "title": "A DOS-Enhanced Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Through an Array of Offset Fins with Conjugate Heating in the Bounding Solid", - "author": "E.M. Sparrow, J.P. Abraham, P.W. Chevalier", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/general_Reports_rptfiles_2005-263.pdf", - "description": "\"The method of Design of Simulation (DOS) was used to guide and enhance a numerical simulation of fluid flow and heat transfer through offset-fin arrays which form the interior geometry of a cold plate. The basic problem involved 11 independent parameters. This prohibitive parametric burden was lessened by the creative use of nondimensionalization that was brought to fruition by a special transformation of the boundary conditions. Subsequent to the reduction of the number of parameters, the DOS method was employed to limit the number of simulation runs while maintaining an accurate representation of the parameter space. The DOS method also provided excellent correlations of both the dimensionless heat transfer and pressure drop results. The results were evaluated with respect to the Colburn Analogy for heat and momentum transfer. It was found that the offseting of the fins created a larger increase in the friction factor than that which was realized for the dimensionless heat transfer coefficient.\"\n\nSimilar paper can be found here.\n[ANSYS Flotran, version unknown]" - }, { "title": "groothuis.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/groothuis.pdf", "description": "groothuis.pdf" }, - { - "title": "grph2svg.zip", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/grph2svg.zip", - "description": "This is a quick hack I did to generate SVG files from within ANSYS. There are 3 macros contained in the zip file: GRPH2SVG.MAC is the main one, and the other two are called by GRPH2SVG.\n\n The macro redirects the plot to an ANSYS Graphics file \"stiplot.grph\". Then, the macro parses through the GRPH file and generates an SVG file called \"stiplot.svg\". You can change the font, font size, etc. as you see fit from within the macro. (For details on the contents of the GRPH file, refer to the ANSYS Programmer's Guide for details.)\n\nBecause this parses the GRPH file from within ANSYS, it is slow for complex plots, so I recommend using it only for XY plots — this is only meant to serve as an example of what can be done with APDL and reading the GRPH file contents. Also, I did not bother including support for raster graphics - this macro only supports vector graphics. (If you want raster graphics, use of PNG is better. SVG is really a vector graphics implementation.)\n\nIf you're running Firefox, or if you use Internet Explorer and have the Adobe SVG Viewer Plug-in, you can see a sample contour plot and sample XY plot generated from this macro.\n\nBecause this was created by hand, there may be mistakes - you can let me know if you encounter any. Otherwise, instead of using this macro, you can create an EPS file and use your favorite illustration software to convert it to an SVG file." - }, - { - "title": "Example harmonic analysis using the large mass method [PDF]", - "author": "David Haberman (CSI)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/harmonic-large-mass-method.pdf", - "description": "Step-by-step instructions on performing an example harmonic analysis using the large mass method." + { + "title": "grph2svg.zip", + "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/grph2svg.zip", + "description": "This is a quick hack I did to generate SVG files from within ANSYS. There are 3 macros contained in the zip file: GRPH2SVG.MAC is the main one, and the other two are called by GRPH2SVG.\n\n The macro redirects the plot to an ANSYS Graphics file \"stiplot.grph\". Then, the macro parses through the GRPH file and generates an SVG file called \"stiplot.svg\". You can change the font, font size, etc. as you see fit from within the macro. (For details on the contents of the GRPH file, refer to the ANSYS Programmer's Guide for details.)\n\nBecause this parses the GRPH file from within ANSYS, it is slow for complex plots, so I recommend using it only for XY plots — this is only meant to serve as an example of what can be done with APDL and reading the GRPH file contents. Also, I did not bother including support for raster graphics - this macro only supports vector graphics. (If you want raster graphics, use of PNG is better. SVG is really a vector graphics implementation.)\n\nIf you're running Firefox, or if you use Internet Explorer and have the Adobe SVG Viewer Plug-in, you can see a sample contour plot and sample XY plot generated from this macro.\n\nBecause this was created by hand, there may be mistakes - you can let me know if you encounter any. Otherwise, instead of using this macro, you can create an EPS file and use your favorite illustration software to convert it to an SVG file." }, { "title": "harmonic_and_random.zip", @@ -1576,11 +1848,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/hyper_elasticcity_curvefitting.pdf", "description": "hyper_elasticcity_curvefitting.pdf" }, - { - "title": "hyperelasti_contact_analysis.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/hyperelasti_contact_analysis.pdf", - "description": "hyperelasti_contact_analysis.pdf" - }, { "title": "ibmrd3705C.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/ibmrd3705C.pdf", @@ -1603,12 +1870,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/impedance.zip", "description": "Example of the use of complex impedance at a surface, which is a new feature in version 13.0 (for 3D FLUID30, FLUID220, FLUID221 acoustic elements). This is a radiating monopole source. Comparison with infinite FLUID130 shows same results with appropriate value of SF,,IMPD defined." }, - { - "title": "Finite Element Method Analysis Of Non-Linear Behaviour Of Implants And Stents [PDF]", - "author": "J. Awrejcewicz, M. Ciach, K. Wlodarczyk", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/implant_stent.pdf", - "description": "Example of using ANSYS for stent application (Mooney-Rivlin and kinematic hardening plasticity)." - }, { "title": "inistate.zip", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -1621,12 +1882,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/instantaneous_secant_TCE.zip", "description": "Macro to convert instantaneous thermal coefficients of expansion to secant values, with example input file. (This is a zipped file)" }, - { - "title": "Analysis Of The FOREVER-Experiments Using A Finite Element Model", - "author": "Eberhard Altstadt, Thomas Moessner, Baj Ral Sehgal, Hans-Georg Willschütz", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/jb99_14.pdf", - "description": "\"An axis-symmetric Finite Element (FE) model is developed based on the multi-purpose code ANSYS/Multiphysics. Using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) module the temperature field within the melt pool and within the vessel wall is evaluated. The transient structural mechanical calculations are then performed applying a creep model which takes into account large temperature, stress and strain variations.\" (Document 1)" - }, { "title": "jhs.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/jhs.pdf", @@ -1637,12 +1892,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/jm0323.pdf", "description": "jm0323.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Analytical Modeling Of Glued Laminated Girder Bridges Using ANSYS", - "author": "Anil Kurian", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/kurian.pdf", - "description": "\"This paper aims at developing a finite element model of glued laminated girder bridges that can predict accurately the analytical behavior of the bridges. Two models have been developed to study the characteristics of this type of bridge. Two case studies have been considered to validate the accuracy of the models. The first case study is a long span single-lane bridge, the Tuscaloosa Bridge, in Alabama. The second case study is a medium span two-lane bridge, the Cow Gu lch Bridge, in Montana. The models show good correlation with the experimental data and hence, the models can be used to find the maximum deflections in the bridge.\"Use of ANSYS 5.0 (1992 version)" - }, { "title": "kyshen.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/kyshen.pdf", @@ -1663,12 +1912,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/limit_load.pdf", "description": "limit_load.pdf" }, - { - "title": "ANSYS PDS article in Machine Design [PDF]", - "author": "Stefan Reh", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/machdesn_pds.pdf", - "description": "While this may not be a conventional technical paper, it presents information on ANSYS PDS (Probabilistic Design System), a beta feature in 5.6 and officially released in 5.7. Instead of a deterministic approach, a stochastic method provides better product reliability measures" - }, { "title": "marval_inzen_mech2007.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/marval_inzen_mech2007.pdf", @@ -1685,12 +1928,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/matlab.zip", "description": "\"On this subject, I've been meaning to post these for ages -> we've been using these macros to transfer variables between ansys and matlab for yonks. They write and read variables from ansys and matlab -> you can check them out to see how they do it (i.e. I cant remember off of the top of my head) -> I think they write out a format header then write the rest of the variable as a single column.\n\nvarread.m\nread variable into matlab\n\nvarread.mac\nread variable into ansys\n\nvarreadc.m\nread 2 column ansys variable into matlab as a complex variable\n\nvarreadcp.m\nread \"packed\"2 column variable into matlab as complex variable\n\nvarreadp.m\nread \"packed\"variable into matlab\n\nvarreadp.mac\nread \"packed\"variable into ansys\n\nvarwrite.m\nwrite a variable from matlab\n\nvarwrite.mac\nwrite a variable from ansys\n\nvarwritep.mac\nwrite a variable from ansys in \"packed\"format using a vmask\"" }, - { - "title": "Algebraic Multigrid By Smoothed Aggregation For Second And Fourth Order Elliptic Problems", - "author": "Petr Van Ek, Jan Mandel, and Marian Brezina", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/meis.pdf", - "description": "\"An algebraic multigrid algorithm for symmetric, positive definite linear systems is developed based on the concept of prolongation by smoothed aggregation. Coarse levels are generated automatically. We present a set of requirements motivated heuristically by a convergence theory. The algorithm then attempts to satisfy the requirements. Input to the method are the coefficient matrix and zero energy modes, which are determined from nodal coordinates and knowledge of the differential equation. Efficiency of the resulting algorithm is demonstrated by computational results on real world problems from solid elasticity, plate bending, and shells.\"" - }, { "title": "mems-thermal-analogy-fsi-damping.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/mems-thermal-analogy-fsi-damping.pdf", @@ -1731,29 +1968,11 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/memsissue4.pdf", "description": "memsissue4.pdf" }, - { - "title": "methods_for_modeling_bolts.pdf", - "author": "Jerome Montgomery", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/methods_for_modeling_bolts.pdf", - "description": "\"Modeling bolts for three-dimensional finite element applications have, and still continue to raise questions. The limitations on model size sometimes make modeling of solid bolts impractical. Therefore, many analysts choose other methods to model bolts. Line elements with coupled nodes and line elements with spider beams are a couple of alternative approaches. This paper looks at a few methods for modeling pretension bolted joints using the finite element method (ANSYS 5.7). Pretension is modeled using ANSYS pretension elements (PRETS179) which can be used on solid or line element types. Surface-to-surface contact elements are used to account for varying contact distribution along flanges. Bolt head and nut behavior is modeled by, coupled nodes, beam elements, rigid body elements (RBE3), or solids. Bolt stud is modeled by solid elements, beam elements, pipe elements, or link elements. The choice of line elements versus solid elements is determined by the degree of complexity sought. The pros and cons of different simulations are also discussed.\"" - }, { "title": "micro3.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/micro3.pdf", "description": "micro3.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Modeling Diesel Engine Cylinder Head Gaskets using the Gasket Material Option of the SOLID185 Element", - "author": "Jonathan Raub", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/modeling_disel_engine_cylinder_gaskets.pdf", - "description": "\"The modeling of diesel engine cylinder head gasket joints is complicated by the nonlinear response of the head gasket’s materials. Linearization of these material responses can lead to significant errors in the solution’s results. The 1-dimensional nonlinear approximation made by the Gasket material option of the SOLID185 element sufficiently captures the response of the nonlinear gasket materials while maintaining practical solution times for the large model sizes associated with multi-cylinder head gasket joint models. This paper will give an overview of the model building and assembly process used to create a head gasket joint model, describe the nonlinear nature of the materials used in the model, and present comparisons of the model’s results with experimental measurements.\"\n\n[STI: There is a gasket-specific material & element in 6.1, not available at the time of the writing]" - }, - { - "title": "Numerial Implementation of Multiaxial High-Cycle Fatigue Criterion to Structural Optimization", - "author": "Miroslaw Mrzyglód, Andrzej P. Zielinski", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/mrzyg-ziel-3-06.pdf", - "description": "\"Modern multiaxial high-cycle fatigue criteria were investigated with respect to their application in structural optimization procedures coupled with finite element codes. As a result of tests carried out for several fatigue criteria, the Dang Van hypothesis was used for the detailed numerical study. A way of respective adapting the high-cycle load history was also suggested. The complete algorithm of the fatigue optimization was illustrated by applying the proposed procedures to vehicle parts which are subject to high-cycle loadings. The finite element code ANSYS was used in the structural modeling.\"\n\n[ANSYS Structural, version 8.1]" - }, { "title": "muffler.zip", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -1770,29 +1989,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/mw2000_1031.pdf", "description": "mw2000_1031.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Construction Machinery Cab Vibro-Acoustic Analysis and Optimisation", - "author": "L. Bregant, G. Miccoli, M. Seppi", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/nafems05c.pdf", - "description": "\"A 3D cavity representing the earth-moving machine cab has been modelled by means of a FE structural mesh (Ansys), reproducing the characteristics of the real structure. Starting from the cab vibration load experimental acquisition, a BEM coupled analysis (Sysnoise) has been carried out to evaluate the cab inner vibro-acoustic field as a function of the physical properties of each structural element. A multi-objective design optimisation code (modeFrontier) drives the analysis process flow taking into account the cab parameter structural modifications and carrying out the vibro-acoustic field optimisation.\"\n[ANSYS Dynamics, version unspecified]" - }, - { - "title": "Neighborhood-based Element Sizing Control for Finite Element Surface Meshing [PDF]", - "author": "Steven Owen, and Sunil Saigal", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/neighborhood_size_control.pdf", - "description": "\"A method is presented for controlling element sizes on the interior of areas during surface meshing. A Delaunay background mesh is defined over which a neighborhood based interpolation scheme is used to interpolate element sizes.\"" - }, - { - "title": "A Non-Linear Domain Decomposition Method", - "author": "Iakov Mordukhovich Klebanov, Andrei Nikolaevich Davydov", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/nonlinear_domain_decomposition_method.pdf", - "description": "\"A new domain decomposition technique for parallelization of physically non-linear problems in solid mechanics is developed. It is extended for any stress-strain diagrams. The approach is based on the approximating generalized models of subdomains that leads to a considerably fewer number of iterations requiring updating of substructure parameters. The analytical proof of the convergence of the theoretical iterative procedure and the demonstration of convergence of its numerical implementation with the help of ANSYS are presented.\"" - }, - { - "title": "nonlinear_finite_element_modeling_titanium.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/nonlinear_finite_element_modeling_titanium.pdf", - "description": "nonlinear_finite_element_modeling_titanium.pdf" - }, { "title": "nonlinear_problems_of_steel_civil_structures.pdf", "author": "Milan Vasek", @@ -1804,24 +2000,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/numib695.pdf", "description": "numib695.pdf" }, - { - "title": "An Object Oriented Approach to Geometry Defeaturing for Finite Element Meshing [PDF]", - "author": "Anton V. Mobley, Michael P. Carroll, and Scott A. Canann", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/object_oriented_defeaturing.pdf", - "description": "\"In this paper, an object-oriented approach to automatic geometry defeaturing is presented. The geometric and finite element data abstractions are given, along with the basic algorithms used.\"" - }, - { - "title": "Design Optimization of an Automotive Universal Joint Considering Manufacturing Cost", - "author": "Nick Cristello and Il Yong Kim", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/p499-cristello.pdf", - "description": "\"This paper presents the shape optimization of an automotive universal joint, by simultaneously considering manufacturing cost, maximum drivable joint angle and part volume. Comprised of three main components - two yokes and a cross trunnion - a universal joint is a linkage used to transmit rotational motion from one shaft to another when the axes are coplanar, but not coinciding. In this research, universal joint designs are analyzed and compared using a weighted sum of three objective functions: minimization of machining cost, maximization of adjoining shaft joint angle, and minimization of total part volume. Part modeling and analysis is conducted using the Finite Element Analysis package ANSYS and optimization is implemented using MATLAB. The results show Pareto frontiers for both the flange and weld yoke, constructed using the Adaptive Weighted Sum technique. These frontiers clearly illustrate the trade-off between machining cost and joint angle; that is, to increase the joint angle, a corresponding increase in the cost of the part is required. It has been shown that maximization of driveable joint angle requires a simultaneous increase in machining cost of 4.4% and 2.7% for the flange and weld yoke, respectively.\"\n[ANSYS Structural, version 9.0]" - }, - { - "title": "An Introduction to the Conjugate Gradient Method Without the Agonizing Pain", - "author": "Jonathan R. Shewchuk", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/painless-conjugate-gradient.pdf", - "description": "This paper presents a very well-written explanation of conjugate gradient methods. It is helpful in understanding better the idea behind CG solvers in ANSYS (PCG, JCG, ICCG, AMG, etc.)." - }, { "title": "penny3d.zip", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -1838,35 +2016,17 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/popelar3.pdf", "description": "popelar3.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Post Refinement Element Shape Improvement for Quadrilaterial Meshes [PDF]", - "author": "Matthew L. Staten and Scott A. Canann", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/post_refinement_quad.pdf", - "description": "\"This paper presents techniques for improving the quality of quadrilateral meshes after Schneiders' refinement. Improvement techniques use topology and node valence optimization rather than shape metrics. Hence, improvement is computationally inexpensive.\"" - }, { "title": "prony.zip", "author": "John Thompson (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/prony.zip", "description": "Macro to do curve-fitting for TB,PRONY constants for given relaxation data.\n[STI: Note that, at 8.0 and above, curve-fitting of TB,PRONY is directly available in ANSYS with the TBFT command.]" }, - { - "title": "Radiation article in ANSYS Solutions Magazine [PDF]", - "author": "Dave Looman (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/radiation.pdf", - "description": "Overview of ANSYS's radiation capabilities, including a discussion on the radiosity solution method." - }, { "title": "rbcm22.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/rbcm22.pdf", "description": "rbcm22.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Creep Resistance and Creep Bending Resistance of Light Metal Matrix Composites for Research in Airframe Structural Effiency", - "author": "E. Neubauer and H.Peter Degischer", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/report35.pdf", - "description": "\"Main aim of the research in the frame of the AMTT programme was the testing of a fiber reinforced Al-alloy. For investigation of the creep behaviour of this material, creep tests under bending were performed. The tested material was Al99.85+0.1%Mg reinforced with Al2O3 fibers (Altex/Sumitomo), which was prepared by means of gas pressure infiltration. Main benefit of such a material for application would be the lowering of the weight of the material without a loss of properties.\"(see Appendix A for ANSYS use in this document)" - }, { "title": "roller.zip", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -1884,12 +2044,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/skinner_thesis.pdf", "description": "skinner_thesis.pdf" }, - { - "title": "ANSYS Equation Solvers: Usage and Guidelines", - "author": "Gene Poole (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/solver_2002.pdf", - "description": "Discussion of ANSYS solvers, focusing on the sparse direct solver and PCG iterative solver.\nOriginally presented at the 2002 Conference." - }, { "title": "spice1.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/spice1.pdf", @@ -1911,64 +2065,22 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/sprs_mprs.zip", "description": "The attached zip file includes a simple example demonstrating the procedure to perform a single-point response spectrum (SPRS), where the excitation in 3 direction is applied together (using SRSS combination), not independently. The procedure for multi-point response spectrum (MPRS) is included as well for the same situation. An Excel spreadsheet shows that the results obtained for this simple model is the same for both methods (compare the mode coefficients for each squared mode in the spreadsheet)." }, - { - "title": "Dynamic Pile Testing and Finite Element Calculations for the Bearing Capacity of a Quay Wall Foundation", - "author": "F. Kirsch, B. Plaßmann, T. Huch, W. Rodatz", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/st_wave00.pdf", - "description": "\"In April 1999 the construction of a new quay wall in the port of Hamburg started. In a first stage two new berths with an overall length of 1400 m will be built. In order to proof the bearing capacity of the foundation dynamic pile testing is performed to a great extent. To date more than thirty different piles were tested by the Institute for Foundation Engineering and Soil Mechanics of the Technical University of Braunschweig. In order to check for possible set-up effects redriven tests were performed. For comparison reasons static load tests were also carried out, one of which was done with an instrumented pile to allow skin friction and end bearing to be evaluated separately. The CAPWAP results proofed to be very helpful especially in those cases where the testing situation differed from the later service condition. Special questions called for detailed finite element analysis of the load-settlement behaviour of single piles in certain construction stages.\"\nAlthough ANSYS is not explicitly mentioned, F. Kirsch also used ANSYS in two related papers, Stability of the vault developing over Soilcrete bodies and Ground Improvement and Its Numerical Analysis. " - }, { "title": "substr-fullpost.zip", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/substr-fullpost.zip", "description": "Fictitious model used to demonstrate substructuring. SETRAN and SESYMM are used to translate and reflect a superelement. RSPLIT and RSTOFF are also used, and postprocessing of the entire model (superelements and non-superelements) is shown." }, - { - "title": "Structural surface Effect Elements, General Overview", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/surfeff_final2.zip", - "description": "An overview presentation and example workshop on structural surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed." - }, - { - "title": "Thermal surface Effect Elements, General Overview", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/surfeff_final3.zip", - "description": "An overview presentation and example workshop on thermal surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed." - }, { "title": "t2107.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/t2107.pdf", "description": "t2107.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Parameter Studies For Enhanced Integrity Of Reciprocating Compressor Foundation Blocks", - "author": "Jayant S. Mandke, Anthony J. Smalley", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/ta_94-1.pdf", - "description": "\"The model development and analyses of reinforced concrete block used the ANSYS finite element program.\"" - }, { "title": "tan_wei_200804_phd.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/tan_wei_200804_phd.pdf", "description": "tan_wei_200804_phd.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Thermal contact overview [PDF]", - "author": "Yongyi Zhu (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/tcontact.pdf", - "description": "Presentation on the thermal contact capabilities of the surface-to-surface contact elements, beta at 5.6.\nInput file for pressure-dependent thermal conductance" - }, - { - "title": "Predicting Human Thermal Comfort in a Transient Nonuniform Thermal Environment", - "author": "J.P. Rugh, R.B. Farrington, D. Bharathan, A. Vlahinos, R. Burke, C. Huizenga, and H. Zhang", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/thermal_comfort.pdf", - "description": "\"The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has developed a suite of thermal comfort tools to assist in the development of smaller and more efficient climate control systems in automobiles. These tools, which include a 126-segment sweating manikin, a finite element physiological model of the human body, and a psychological model based on human subject testing, are designed to predict human thermal comfort in transient nonuniform thermal environments such as automobiles. The manikin measures the heat loss from the human body in the vehicle environment and sends the heat flux from each segment to the physiological model. The physiological model predicts the body’s response to the environment, determines 126 segment skin temperatures, sweat rates, and breathing rate, and transmits the data to the manikin. The psychological model uses temperature data from the physiological model to predict the local and global thermal comfort as a function of local skin and core temperatures and their rates of change. Results of initial integration testing show the thermal response of a manikin segment to transient environmental conditions.\"\n\n[ANSYS Thermal, version unknown]" - }, - { - "title": "A Vision-Based Technique for Objective Assessment of Burn Scars", - "author": "Leonid V. Tsap, Dmitry B. Goldgof, Sudeep Sarkar, and Pauline S. Powers", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/tmi98.pdf", - "description": "\"In this paper a method for the objective assessment of burn scars is proposed. The quantitative measures developed in this research provide an objective way to calculate elastic properties of burn scars relative to the surrounding areas. The approach combines range data and the mechanics and motion dynamics of human tissues. Active contours are employed to locate regions of interest and to find displacements of feature points using automatically established correspondences. Changes in strain distribution over time are evaluated. Given images at two time instances and their corresponding features, the finite element method is used to synthesize strain distributions of the underlying tissues.\"" - }, { "title": "tms95.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/tms95.pdf", @@ -1979,12 +2091,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/transducers-paper_3.pdf", "description": "transducers-paper_3.pdf" }, - { - "title": "Fully Automatic Adaptive Mesh Refinement Integrated into the Solution Process", - "author": "Joseph R. Tristano, Zhijan Chen, D. Alfred Hancq, Wa Kwok", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/tristano03.pdf", - "description": "\"Finite element analysts and designers need to feel confident in the results of their analyses before sending a product to prototype or production. Mesh discretization can greatly influence the desired results. In this paper we present framework for adaptive mesh refinement to obtain FEA results with a desired accuracy. The process involves adaptively refining the mesh based on solution error norms until the result desired converges to certain accuracy. The adaptive refinement/meshing process must be fully automatic and very robust. We present an exhaustive method to create a fully automatic and integrated process that takes advantage of many of the mesh refinement and mesh optimization algorithms found in literature. The results of the process provide the user with the desired accuracy in the smallest number of iterations possible.\"\n\n[Workbench Simulation, version 7.1]" - }, { "title": "ultrasonic2000.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/ultrasonic2000.pdf", @@ -1996,107 +2102,18 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/user01.zip", "description": "Very simple example showing use of user-defined command (USER01).\n\nThis UPF command simply reads and interpolates a defined table array. Use of the parevl() is also shown in this simple input." }, - { - "title": "Advanced Tools for Design and Analyses of High Temperature Cyclic Loaded Turbine Components", - "author": "U. Gampe, I. Martynov, J. Keyser", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/user_def1.pdf", - "description": "\"The paper presents a new concept to predict viscoplastic deformations in components under thermal mechanical loading. This approach is based both on material data from uniaxial creep tests and additional laboratory component tests to consider the influence of multiaxiality. This concept was used for analysis of feature tests of flat tensile specimens with central hole. The maximum test temperature was 600 °C and the surface of the hole was attacked by cyclic thermal shocks.\"(This paper refers to use of ANSYS User-Defined Materials. A related paper is Laboratory Component Testing for Investigation of Material Degradation from Creep-Fatigue Interaction.)" - }, { "title": "usermat.pdf", + "author": "unknown", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/usermat.pdf", "description": "Document describing the USERMAT user material subroutine." }, - { - "title": "Converting Prony Series to Frequency Domain", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/visco_harmonic.zip", - "description": "Simple example showing how to convert Prony series for viscoelasticity from time domain to frequency domain. This is to convert TB,PRONY to TB,ELASTIC/SDAMP for use in harmonic response analyses." - }, - { - "title": "VM256 with Workbench Mechanical", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/vm256.zip", - "description": "Created a Workbench 12.0 version of VM256.\nUseful for users who may wish to get a better understanding of implementing the CINT command inside of Workbench Mechanical for J-integral and stress intensity factor calculations." - }, - { - "title": "VM267 with Workbench Mechanical", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/vm267.zip", - "description": "Created a Workbench 12.0 version of VM267.\nUseful for users who may wish to get a better understanding of implementing the CINT command inside of Workbench Mechanical for stress intensity factor calculations." - }, - { - "title": "Design, Fabrication, and Testing of Fixed-Valve Micro-Pumps [PDF]", - "author": "F. Forster, R. Bardell, M. Afromowitz, N. Sharma, and A. Blanchard", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/wam95_ufluidics.pdf", - "description": "Use of Flotran for micropump analysis. (MEMS" - }, - { - "title": "Text and compression utilities [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/week10-Text_Compression_Utilities.pdf", - "description": "Memo on text editors which support syntax highlighting, useful in editing input files and/or macros. Also discusses compression utilities to reduce filesize of database and results files. (Also see \"bzip2\"compression utility, not discussed in memo)" - }, - { - "title": "Modeling preloaded bolts [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/week12-STI43_TNT_Bolt_preload.pdf", - "description": "Modeling preload in bolts via contact offset, thermal contraction, or the new pretension elements PRETS179.\nPRELOAD1, PRELOAD2, and PRELOAD3 input files" - }, - { - "title": "Load vs. displacement control in contact problems [PDF]", - "author": "Karen Dhuyvetter (CSI)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/week2-contact1.pdf", - "description": "Discussion on load vs. displacement control for contact problems." - }, - { - "title": "Random Vibration Analysis of a Circuit Board [PDF]", - "author": "Sean Harvey (CSI)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/week23-random_vibrations_tow.pdf", - "description": "Example of random vibration analysis of a circuit board in ANSYS.\nInput files in zip format" - }, - { - "title": "Different Methods of Connecting Parts Together [PDF]", - "author": "Sean Harvey (CSI)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/week24-connecting_models_tow.pdf", - "description": "Connecting Parts - A study of Continuous Mesh versus Bonded Contact versus Constraint Equations." - }, { "title": "week25-ETABLE.pdf", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/week25-ETABLE.pdf", "description": "Short description on the usage and features of element tables in ANSYS." }, - { - "title": "Calculating effective Coefficient of Thermal Expansion [PDF]", - "author": "Bill Bulat (CSI)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/week4-effective_cte.pdf", - "description": "Tips on how to define coefficient of thermal expansion and converting that material data to format that ANSYS can use." - }, - { - "title": "Structural Surface Effect Elements Intro [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/week5_Surface_Effect_Elements.pdf", - "description": "Introduction to structural surface effect elements (SURF153/154).\nBOLTLOAD input file" - }, - { - "title": "Sine sweep simulation [PDF]", - "author": "David Haberman (CSI", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/week6-compar-lm-dd3.pdf", - "description": "Discussion on harmonic sweeps, either via the direct displacement method or the large mass method.\nDirect displacement method example input file and Large mass method example input file" - }, - { - "title": "License monitoring and reporting [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/week7-TNT_License_Reporting.pdf", - "description": "Information on license monitoring and reporting for Elan (ANSYS 5.4-5.6). At 5.7, licensing has reverted back to FlexLM, and this document is not applicable." - }, - { - "title": "QR Damped Modal Analysis [PDF]", - "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/week_29_STI68_TNT_Damped_Modal.pdf", - "description": "Presentation on different damped eigenvalue extraction methods in ANSYS, focusing on the newer QR Damped method.\nInput files in zip format" - }, { "title": "ws_jss2002.pdf", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/ws_jss2002.pdf", diff --git a/_site/extra/helpful.md b/_site/extra/helpful.md index 68177d3..7a9b8db 100644 --- a/_site/extra/helpful.md +++ b/_site/extra/helpful.md @@ -7,7 +7,11 @@ description: List of resources online.
          -## Online Ansys 182 help files +### Online Ansys 182 help files [ans_help_v182](https://www.mm.bme.hu/~gyebro/files/ans_help_v182/) [good resources](https://www.mm.bme.hu/~gyebro/files/) + +### Project Example + +[andrew.cmu.edu](http://www.andrew.cmu.edu/course//24-767/StrAnalysis_ANSYS/EA/prbm1_1_modeling.html) diff --git a/dist/extra/helpful/index.html b/dist/extra/helpful/index.html index 654f999..7649e25 100644 --- a/dist/extra/helpful/index.html +++ b/dist/extra/helpful/index.html @@ -73,9 +73,11 @@
          -

          Online Ansys 182 help files #

          +

          Online Ansys 182 help files #

          ans_help_v182
          good resources

          +

          Project Example #

          +

          andrew.cmu.edu

          diff --git a/dist/feed/feed.xml b/dist/feed/feed.xml index 01048da..d3ccf99 100644 --- a/dist/feed/feed.xml +++ b/dist/feed/feed.xml @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ - 2021-09-15T05:44:56Z + 2021-09-15T16:17:36Z https://ansys.netlify.app/ diff --git a/dist/index.html b/dist/index.html index 01bab2a..5901585 100644 --- a/dist/index.html +++ b/dist/index.html @@ -88,37 +88,35 @@

          Resources -Techniques for Successfully Using ANSYS Contact Elements +10.pdf -

          Rich Bothmann

          +

          -Presentation from the Midwest ANSYS User Group -[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 9.0] +10.pdf

        • -Topology Optimization in ANSYS +13_4.pdf -

          Brian King (IMPACT Engineering Solutions, Inc.)

          +

          -Presentation from Midwest ANSYS User Group on Topological Optimization capability in ANSYS and Workbench Simulation. +13_4.pdf
        • -10.pdf +180 Series Elements: Why Should One Use Them in Linear Analysis -

          +

          (ANSYS, Inc.)

          -10.pdf +Presentation on 18x elements (continuum, beam, shell) and its features related to both linear and nonlinear analyses.
        • -An Architecture for Fluid/Structure Analysis of Turbomachinery Blading +1998imaps_taiwan.pdf -

          David A. Johnston, Charles J. Cross, J. Mitch Wolff

          +

          -"Aeroelastic stability and response analyses used in the design of turbomachinery blading are typically uncoupled: the unsteady aerodynamics and structural dynamics are treated in separate models, with boundary conditions sequentially updated after stationary periodic convergence is met. Higher fidelity simulations are achieved by coupling the fluid and structure domains such that boundary conditions are updated once or several times per physical time step of the simulation.""As a starting point, the turbomachinery CFD research code TURBO (Chen and Briley, 2001) and the commercial structural solver ANSYSŪ has been chosen for coupling, although FSI is designed with modularity for future inclusion of other fluid and structural solvers." -[ANSYS Dynamics, version unspecified] +1998imaps_taiwan.pdf
        --> diff --git a/dist/resources/0/index.html b/dist/resources/0/index.html index eb41fdd..8ed67ec 100644 --- a/dist/resources/0/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/0/index.html @@ -97,29 +97,10 @@

        Resources

        (PADT)

        This is a handy sheet with *GET and *VGET items. A user can print this out as a reference sheet when writing APDL macros.

      • -

        Techniques for Successfully Using ANSYS Contact Elements

        -

        Rich Bothmann

        -

        Presentation from the Midwest ANSYS User Group
        -[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 9.0]

        -
      • -

        Topology Optimization in ANSYS

        -

        Brian King (IMPACT Engineering Solutions, Inc.)

        -

        Presentation from Midwest ANSYS User Group on Topological Optimization capability in ANSYS and Workbench Simulation.

        -

      • 10.pdf

        10.pdf

      • -

        An Architecture for Fluid/Structure Analysis of Turbomachinery Blading

        -

        David A. Johnston, Charles J. Cross, J. Mitch Wolff

        -

        "Aeroelastic stability and response analyses used in the design of turbomachinery blading are typically uncoupled: the unsteady aerodynamics and structural dynamics are treated in separate models, with boundary conditions sequentially updated after stationary periodic convergence is met. Higher fidelity simulations are achieved by coupling the fluid and structure domains such that boundary conditions are updated once or several times per physical time step of the simulation.""As a starting point, the turbomachinery CFD research code TURBO (Chen and Briley, 2001) and the commercial structural solver ANSYSŪ has been chosen for coupling, although FSI is designed with modularity for future inclusion of other fluid and structural solvers."
        -[ANSYS Dynamics, version unspecified]

        -
      • -

        Dynamic FEA and Simulation for A Series of Blast-Resist-door

        -

        Lu Xinzheng and Jiang Jianjing

        -

        "A series of blast-resist-door were used widely. In order to know the behavior of the doors under blast load and verify the safety of the doors, dynamic finite element analysis and simulation are carried out with advanced FEA software, ANSYS/LS-DYNA and SAP. Contact surfaces are introduced to simulate the relation between the door leaf and doorframe, as well as the relation between the door hinges and bearings. Altogether 24 different load cases are analyzed to simulate various load conditions."
        -[ANSYS LS-DYNA, version unspecified]

        -

      • 13_4.pdf

        13_4.pdf

        @@ -148,11 +129,6 @@

        Resources

        2012-optimum_csp_underfill.pdf

      • -

        Analysis and Testing of Graphite/Epoxy Concrete Bridge Girders Under Static Loading

        -

        B. M. Kavlicoglu, F. Gordaninejad, M. Saiidi, Y. Jiang

        -

        "An innovative graphite/epoxy-concrete (G/E-C) cross-section was developed and tested under two-point static loading. Finite element analysis and theoretical modeling of the cross-section was performed. The cross-section was a box girder with an outer G/E U-beam and inner G/E box beam with concrete webs and flange in between. Shear connection between G/E box beam and concrete slab was provided by a two-part structural epoxy resin. Additional shear connection was provided by steel stirrups located at 254 mm (10 in.) spacing along longitudinal axis of the test specimen. It was observed that, steel stirrups contributed the load carrying capacity after initiation of slippage between G/E beams and concrete. Moreover, a series of bond strength tests were performed to examine the behavior of structural epoxy resin for connection between G/E and concrete. Six G/E strips were subjected to tensile tests to evaluate the longitudinal and transverse elastic moduli of the laminate. Using the proper material properties and assumptions, it was possible to demonstrate the behavior of the section under static loads theoretically and in finite element analysis."
        -[ANSYS Structural, version 5.5]

        -

      • 22x Coupled-Field Elements [PDF]

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        "The 22x direct coupled-field elements (PLANE223, SOLID226-227) provide a wide array of material behavior for multiphysics applications - these include piezoelectricity, piezoresistivity, thermoelasticity, and thermoelectricity. This memo hopes to introduce some of the pertinent features of these elements."

        @@ -161,18 +137,6 @@

        Resources

        25.pdf

      • -

        Element for Modelling of Interaction Between Foundations and Bedrock in ANSYS Software

        -

        Radim Cajka, Ondrej Víta

        -

        "Ansys provides standard solutions to contact tasks. It is a high-performing computing tool that offers several modifications, making it possible to create a new element and adjust the calculation to individual requirements. When dealing with specific problems relating to the contact between the foundation and the foundation soil, it is possible to create an element that will take into account the behaviour of a soil layer under the foundation exposed to shear. The shearing load can be caused by undermining, concrete creep, or concrete shrinkage."
        -Example of user-defined element (older USER100-105)
        -[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 5.7.1]

        -
      • -

        Off-Axis Loads Cause Failure of the Distal Radius at Lower Magnitudes than Axial Loads: A Finite Element Analysis

        -

        Karen L. Troy and Mark D. Grabiner

        -

        "Distal radius fractures are among the most common fall-related injuries in older women. Numerous studies have quantified upper extremity fall biomechanics with the goal of identifying possible interventions to reduce the peak force on the wrists, thereby reducing the number of fractures. Fracture initiation depends both on the force applied to the bone and upon the strength of the bone itself; thus, poor bone quality has been implicated as a factor in distal radius fractures. Generally, an intervention to improve bone quality (such as antiresorptive therapy) is considered successful if bone mineral density (BMD) can be increased by 2-4%.
        -Cadaver and finite element studies have previously quantified the force required to cause a distal radius fracture. To date, however, only simple axial loads on the radius have been considered. Because most falls onto the hands result in off-axis loads, we considered the possibility that a combination of loading modes would significantly influence the fracture strength of the distal radius. Here, we used a validated finite element model of the distal radius, scaphoid, and lunate, to explore the effects of loading direction and changes in BMD on predicted fracture strength."
        -[ANSYS Structural, version 10.0]

        -

      • 3-Dimensional thermal analysis and active cooling of short-length high-power fiber lasers

        A fully 3-dimensional finite element model has been developed that simulates the internal temperature distribution of short-length high-power fiber lasers. We have validated the numerical model by building a short, cladding-pumped, Er-Yb-codoped fiber laser and measuring the core temperature during laser operation. A dual-end-pumped, actively cooled, fiber laser has generated >11 W CW output power at 1535 nm from only 11.9 cm of active fiber. Simulations indicate power-scaling possibilities with improved fiber and cooling designs.

        @@ -181,23 +145,10 @@

        Resources

        3964aeng.pdf

      • -

        Multi-Criteria Shape Optimization of a Funnel in Cathode Ray Tubes Using Response Surface Model

        -

        Tae Hee Lee, Kwangki Lee, Kwang Soon Lee

        -

        "The ultimate goal of simulation that represents the behaviour of structures is to optimize their response performances within the specific requirements and needs with respect to the design variables. The first step of the design of cathode ray tubes is to design the glass geometry, called funnel geometry, to endure the vacuum stress because it is a main structure of cathode ray tubes. In order to create 3-dimensional funnel geometry in the cathode ray tubes, higher order response surface model is used instead of NURBS (non-uniform rational B-splines) or Bezier curve because it is more robust for understanding the geometry change in finite element analysis. By combining finite element analysis, response surface model and sequential quadratic programming within the process integration framework, the shape optimization of a funnel is successfully performed and the maximum stress is reduced to almost half of the current one."

        -

      • 51ectc_outstanding_poster.pdf

        51ectc_outstanding_poster.pdf

      • -

        Understanding Accuracy and Discretization Error in an FEA Model

        -

        Jon Pointer

        -

        "The often-ignored topic of mesh discretization error is examined to identify a simple set of rules that the average user can enlist to determine solution accuracy. The sources of discretization error are explained, tools to quantify it are introduced and an example is given. The purpose is to bring an understanding of these issues and usable tools to the common user who is not proficient in the mathematical basis of FEA."

        -

        [ANSYS 7.1, 2004 Conference]

        -
      • -

        56.pdf

        -

        -

        56.pdf

        -

      • 587.pdf

        587.pdf

        @@ -210,11 +161,6 @@

        Resources

        772.pdf

      • -

        Mesh Discretization Error and Criteria for Accuracy of Finite Element Solutions

        -

        Chandresh Shah

        -

        "Any finite element analysis performed by an engineer is subject to several types of errors that can compromise the validity of the results. These errors can be broadly classified under the following categories: 1) user error - incorrect usage of FE software or input by the FE analyst, 2) errors due to assumptions and simplifications used in the model and 3) errors due to insufficient mesh discretization. User errors can be prevented by developing and utilizing a comprehensive pre and post processing checklist and by appropriate training in the basics of finite element analysis and usage of FE software. Errors due to modeling assumptions and simplifications can be alleviated by adding complexity to the model so that it better represents the physics of the problem being analyzed. Errors due to the inadequacy or coarseness of the mesh are often overlooked by the analyst. These errors due to mesh discretization can be fixed by evaluating the quality of the mesh and by developing and utilizing criteria that characterize the accuracy of the FE solution. This paper describes the source of mesh discretization error and presents several criteria that can be used by an FE analyst to evaluate the accuracy of the FE solution."

        -

        [ANSYS 5.7, 2002 Conference]

        -

      • 9601-010.pdf

        9601-010.pdf

        @@ -223,16 +169,66 @@

        Resources

        98-102.pdf

      • -

        Developing The Basis For Target Injection And Tracking In Inertial Fusion Energy Power Plants

        -

        D.T. Goodin, C.R. Gibson, R.W. Petzoldt, N.P. Siegel, L. Thompson, A. Nobile, G.E. Besenbruch, K.R.

        -

        The use of ANSYS's thermal and CFD capabilities to analyze the target injection and tracking of an Inertial Fusion Energy power plant

        +

        A 3D Dynamical Biomechanical Tongue Model to Study Speech Motor Control

        +

        Jean-Michel Gérard, Reiner Wilhelms-Tricarico, Pascal Perrier & Yohan Payan

        +

        "A 3D biomechanical dynamical model of human tongue is presented, that is elaborated in the aim to test hypotheses about speech motor control. Tissue elastic properties are accounted for in Finite Element Modeling (FEM). The FEM mesh was designed in order to facilitate the implementation of muscle arrangement within the tongue. Therefore, its structure was determined on the basis of accurate anatomical data about the tongue. Mechanically, the hypothesis of hyperelasticity was adopted with the Mooney-Rivlin formulation of the strain energy function. Muscles are modeled as general force generators that act on anatomically specified sets of nodes of the FEM structure. The 8 muscles that are known to be largely involved in the production of basic speech movements are modeled. The model and the solving of the Lagrangian equations of movement are implemented using the ANSYS™ software. Simulations of the influence of muscle activations onto the tongue shape are presented and analyzed."

        +
      • +

        A 64-Pixel Linear Thermopile Array Chip Designed for Vacuum Environment

        +

        U. Dillner, E. Kessler, V. Baier, A. Berger, T. Eick, D. Behrendt, H. Urban

        +

        "We report on the development of a 64-pixel high performance linear thermopile array chip designed for vacuum environment based on a silicon nitride membrane as substrate, Bi0.87Sb0.13/Sb as thermoelectric materials combination and an Ag-black broadband absorber layer. The array chip was mounted on a ceramic substrate and placed on the socket of a commercial hybrid package with 64 pins. Measurements of the linear array chip in vacuum environment and in absence of an entrance filter delivered a responsivity of 245 V/W, a sensitivity of 166 µVm˛/W, a specific detectivity of 1.6x109 cmHz1/2/W at an electrical resistance of 9 k and a thermal time constant of 150 ms. The pixelto- pixel cross-talk was reduced to less than 0.4 % due to slits in the membrane between adjacent pixels made by dry etching."
        +[ANSYS Thermal, version unknown]

        +
      • +

        A DOS-Enhanced Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Through an Array of Offset Fins with Conjugate Heating in the Bounding Solid

        +

        E.M. Sparrow, J.P. Abraham, P.W. Chevalier

        +

        "The method of Design of Simulation (DOS) was used to guide and enhance a numerical simulation of fluid flow and heat transfer through offset-fin arrays which form the interior geometry of a cold plate. The basic problem involved 11 independent parameters. This prohibitive parametric burden was lessened by the creative use of nondimensionalization that was brought to fruition by a special transformation of the boundary conditions. Subsequent to the reduction of the number of parameters, the DOS method was employed to limit the number of simulation runs while maintaining an accurate representation of the parameter space. The DOS method also provided excellent correlations of both the dimensionless heat transfer and pressure drop results. The results were evaluated with respect to the Colburn Analogy for heat and momentum transfer. It was found that the offseting of the fins created a larger increase in the friction factor than that which was realized for the dimensionless heat transfer coefficient."

        +

        Similar paper can be found here.
        +[ANSYS Flotran, version unknown]

        +
      • +

        A Finite Element Model For Pre- And Post-Test Calculations of the FOREVER-Experiments

        +

        H. G. Willschuetz, E. Altstadt, F. P. Weiss, B. R. Sehgal

        +

        "An axis-symmetric Finite Element (FE) model is developed based on the multi-purpose code ANSYS/Multiphysics. Using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) module the temperature field within the melt pool and within the vessel wall is evaluated. The transient structural mechanical calculations are then performed applying a creep model which takes into account large temperature, stress and strain variations." (Document 2)

        +
      • +

        A Non-Linear Domain Decomposition Method

        +

        Iakov Mordukhovich Klebanov, Andrei Nikolaevich Davydov

        +

        "A new domain decomposition technique for parallelization of physically non-linear problems in solid mechanics is developed. It is extended for any stress-strain diagrams. The approach is based on the approximating generalized models of subdomains that leads to a considerably fewer number of iterations requiring updating of substructure parameters. The analytical proof of the convergence of the theoretical iterative procedure and the demonstration of convergence of its numerical implementation with the help of ANSYS are presented."

        +
      • +

        A SMA Actuated Artificial Earthworm

        +

        A. Menciassi, S. Gorini, G. Pernorio, P. Dario

        +

        "This paper presents the design and development of a microrobot which aims to replicate the locomotion principle of earthworms. The undulatory locomotion of living earthworms has been investigated deeply from the biological point of view, but attempts of replication of earthworm models in real size are limited. The authors designed an artificial earthworm with four modules which can be driven independently according to defined undulatory patterns with a typical frequency of 0.5 Hz. Each module is actuated by one or more SMA springs whose configuration has been designed in order to limit the wiring problems and optimizing working frequency. The robot is covered by a shaped silicone material which can be used as a platform to insert tiny legs for obtaining differential friction conditions. Preliminary tests demonstrate that the earthworm prototypes can move with a speed of 0.22 mm/s, thus approximating the behavior of biological earthworms. earthworms. Hopefully, the artificial moving earthworm will constitute a platform for improving the knowledge of mechanisms regulating motion and perception abilities of these creatures."
        +Model in paper does not use TB,SMA constitutive model.

        +
      • +

        A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Stress Distribution in a Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque: In-Vivo Prediction of Plaque Rupture Location

        +

        Jacques Ohayon, Gérard Finet, François Treyve, Gilles Rioufol and Olivier Dubreuil

        +

        "This paper aims at predicting the plaque rupture location of one patient with stable angina and scheduled to undergo percutaneous coronary intervention. The peak circumferential stress (PCS) is considered as the determining biomechanical factor in the mechanisms leading to rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque and is often used as a predictor of atherosclerotic plaque rupture location. Up to now, to define the site of PCS concentrations, twodimensional (2D) finite element (FE) analyses were performed on the smallest luminal cross-sectional area of the coronary plaque. In-vivo three-dimensional (3D) FE modeling of atherosclerotic coronaries may be very valuable and more accurate than the 2D FE analysis in helping cardiologists evaluate the risk of spontaneous plaque rupture in a patient. In this work, the performances of the 2D and 3D FE approaches have been compared and the limits of the 2D structural analysis has been pointed out."
        +[ANSYS Structural, version 8.0]

        +
      • +

        A Vision-Based Technique for Objective Assessment of Burn Scars

        +

        Leonid V. Tsap, Dmitry B. Goldgof, Sudeep Sarkar, and Pauline S. Powers

        +

        "In this paper a method for the objective assessment of burn scars is proposed. The quantitative measures developed in this research provide an objective way to calculate elastic properties of burn scars relative to the surrounding areas. The approach combines range data and the mechanics and motion dynamics of human tissues. Active contours are employed to locate regions of interest and to find displacements of feature points using automatically established correspondences. Changes in strain distribution over time are evaluated. Given images at two time instances and their corresponding features, the finite element method is used to synthesize strain distributions of the underlying tissues."

      • ANSYS Cast Iron Material Model Matches Experimental Data

        (ANSYS, Inc.)

        "[The purpose of this paper is to] verify the accuracy of the ANSYS cast iron material model. Results from ANSYS are compared with experimental data for a biaxially loaded cruciform geometry."

      • +

        ANSYS Equation Solvers: Usage and Guidelines

        +

        Gene Poole (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Discussion of ANSYS solvers, focusing on the sparse direct solver and PCG iterative solver.
        +Originally presented at the 2002 Conference.

        +
      • +

        ANSYS Mechanical - A Powerful Nonlinear Simulation Tool

        +

        Grama Bhashyam (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        A whitepaper describing various ANSYS features in the area of nonlinear mechanics, including element formulation, constitutive models, and contact technology.

        +
      • +

        ANSYS PDS article in Machine Design [PDF]

        +

        Stefan Reh

        +

        While this may not be a conventional technical paper, it presents information on ANSYS PDS (Probabilistic Design System), a beta feature in 5.6 and officially released in 5.7. Instead of a deterministic approach, a stochastic method provides better product reliability measures

        +
      • +

        ANSYS PDS overview [PDF]

        +

        Stefan Reh

        +

        A three-page overview/summary sent on the XANSYS Mailing list on PDS, beta in ANSYS 5.6, officially released at 5.7.

        +

      • ANSYS news

        -

        +

        (ANSYS, Inc.)

        First Issue of ANSYS News

      • ANSYS_Function_Builder.pdf

        @@ -243,11 +239,6 @@

        Resources

        ANSYS_University_Support_Program.pdf

      • -

        Analyzing Hyperelastic Materials w/ Some Practical Considerations

        -

        Paris Altidis and Vince Adams

        -

        Presentation from the Midwest ANSYS User Group
        -[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]

        -

      • ANSYS_distributed_tutorial_8.1.zip

        (ANSYS, Inc.)

        This is a document for ANSYS 8.1 distributed solvers and how to set them up, specifically for Windows and Linux.

        @@ -258,14 +249,19 @@

        Resources

        There are currently no recognized ‘standards’ of writing APDL macros or input files, although there may exist standards within companies on APDL coding. The lack of APDL coding standards may make inheriting someone else’s input files or macros more difficult. Also, parameter or component conflicts may also arise when using multiple macros.
        This memo hopes to provide some ideas for groups or individuals wishing to develop APDL standards in writing macros or input files."

      • -

        Transient Thermal Analysis of Spot Welding Electrodes

        -

        K. S. Yeung, P. H. Thornton

        -

        "The accurate thermal simulation of a spot welding electrode cap could permit critical design parameters to be identified for improved electrode life. In this study, a parametric model has been developed to predict the transient thermal behavior of a typical spot welding electrode cap. The model employs the technique of conjugate heat transfer analysis to avoid the problem of estimating a value for the heat transfer coefficient that arises with conventional heat transfer analysis."

        +

        APDL and Vector Operations [ZIP]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "Vector and matrix operations in APDL are an invaluable method of manipulating array data, as they provide very fast, computationally efficient means of helping the user perform pre- or post-processing operations on the model.
        +There are many ways of storing data, ranging from arrays to tables to strings. Moreover, manipulation of numerical data can be in the form of vectors or matrices via the *Vxxx and *Mxxx commands, respectively. The user is referred to the APDL Programmer’s Guide in the ANSYS online help for a thorough discussion of the capabilities of APDL, but, in this memo, a basic introduction to vector operations will be covered."

      • -

        Anisotropic Plasticity and Failure Prediction in Wood Composites

        -

        David M. Moses, Helmut G.L. Prion

        -

        "Two case studies are summarized using anisotropic plasticity and the Weibull weakest link failure model to predict the behavior of wood and wood composites. The linear elastic orthotropic model normally used for wood is shown to be insufficient for the prediction of ultimate strength in wood. Non-linear, non-recoverable behavior in compression in each of the orthogonal material directions is of particular interest in cases where localized crushing governs the load-displacement behavior of wood."

        -

        "The anisotropic plasticity option in ANSYS was used to predict yielding and post-yield behavior for the wood composite used in this study because yield stresses in orthogonal directions were found to be in the ratio of 1:1.2:5. A user-programmable Fortran subroutine was developed for ANSYS to carry out the failure analysis (and to calculate the volume integration of the stresses) at each load-step in post-processing. The model was verified using two cases: I) the ASTM D143 shear block test, and II) bolted connections."

        +

        Acoustic Elements [ZIP]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "For many years, ANSYS has 2D and 3D acoustic elements, including those used to model an “infinite” boundary. These elements can be used in modal, harmonic, and transient analyses, and fluid-structural interaction can also be accounted for in these simulations.

        +

        This memo hopes to review the following topics related to harmonic acoustic analyses: basic comparison of structural and acoustic elements, modeling complex impedance boundary conditions, and defining complex pressure loading. A set of input files, which analyze the case of a simple radiating sphere, is included with this memo."

        +
      • +

        Acoustic Postprocessing [ZIP]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "Acoustic analyses in ANSYS provides insight to the propagation of sound, and both visual and aural postprocessing can aid in this objective. This memo hopes to cover postprocessing methods for acoustic problems other than standard contour and XY plots."

      • -

        Integrating ANSYS with Modern Numerical Optimization Technologies

        -

        Shen-Yeh Chen

        -

        "Design automation with finite element analysis as a simulation and evaluation tool is becoming more and more desired. The ability to do automatic design iteration has constantly been a popular research and engineering topic. In this article, we will show how Honeywell Engines & Systems took advantage of the flexible environment of ANSYS to achieve this goal." (Optimization, APDL)

        +

        Advanced Tools for Design and Analyses of High Temperature Cyclic Loaded Turbine Components

        +

        U. Gampe, I. Martynov, J. Keyser

        +

        "The paper presents a new concept to predict viscoplastic deformations in components under thermal mechanical loading. This approach is based both on material data from uniaxial creep tests and additional laboratory component tests to consider the influence of multiaxiality. This concept was used for analysis of feature tests of flat tensile specimens with central hole. The maximum test temperature was 600 °C and the surface of the hole was attacked by cyclic thermal shocks."(This paper refers to use of ANSYS User-Defined Materials. A related paper is Laboratory Component Testing for Investigation of Material Degradation from Creep-Fatigue Interaction.)

      • -

        Ansys_PT_EEC.pdf

        -

        -

        Ansys_PT_EEC.pdf

        +

        Advancing Analysis Capabilities In ANSYS Through Solver Technology

        +

        Gene Poole, Yong-Cheng Liu, and Jan Mandel

        +

        "This paper will describe implementation considerations for the addition of new solver technology to a large legacy code, compare resource requirements for the various solver choices and present some comparative results from several customer generated problems. The AMG solver benefits, both in improved robustness and parallel processing efficiency will be described. The paper will also discuss some of the implementation challenges that have been overcome to add new solver technology to a large existing code. The role of solver technology in meeting current and future demands of large scale commercial analysis codes will be discussed."

        +
      • +

        Algebraic Multigrid By Smoothed Aggregation For Second And Fourth Order Elliptic Problems

        +

        Petr Van Ek, Jan Mandel, and Marian Brezina

        +

        "An algebraic multigrid algorithm for symmetric, positive definite linear systems is developed based on the concept of prolongation by smoothed aggregation. Coarse levels are generated automatically. We present a set of requirements motivated heuristically by a convergence theory. The algorithm then attempts to satisfy the requirements. Input to the method are the coefficient matrix and zero energy modes, which are determined from nodal coordinates and knowledge of the differential equation. Efficiency of the resulting algorithm is demonstrated by computational results on real world problems from solid elasticity, plate bending, and shells."

        +
      • +

        An Approach to Combined Laplacian and Optimization-Based Smoothing for Triangular, Quadrilateral, and Quad-Dominant Meshes [PDF]

        +

        Scott A. Canann, Joseph R. Tristano, Matthew L. Staten

        +

        "In this paper, an overall mesh smoothing scheme is presented for meshes consisting of triangular, quadrilateral, or mixed triangular and quadrilateral elements. This paper describes an efficient and robust combination of constrained Laplacian smoothing together with an optimization-based smoothing algorithm."

      • -

        Design and Implementation of a Flow Microsensor by using Silicon Microelectronics Technology

        -

        Roberto Rodrigues and Rogerio Furlan

        -

        "This work presents the design of a gas flow microsensor that was implemented by using silicon microelectronics technology. Its main features are a low power consumption (tens of mW) and the possibility of integration in flow microactuators. It was adopted a calorimetric device with free-standing microfilaments and thermoresistive sensor elements. Analytical and numerical modeling were developed for device analyses and design. The free-standing microfilaments were fabricated using surface micromachining. Characteristic curves, of output voltage vs. flow, were obtained by using a commercial flow sensor for calibration. A good agreement was obtained comparing the flow microsensor experimental characteristic curves with numerical simulation results."

        +

        An Architecture for Fluid/Structure Analysis of Turbomachinery Blading

        +

        David A. Johnston, Charles J. Cross, J. Mitch Wolff

        +

        "Aeroelastic stability and response analyses used in the design of turbomachinery blading are typically uncoupled: the unsteady aerodynamics and structural dynamics are treated in separate models, with boundary conditions sequentially updated after stationary periodic convergence is met. Higher fidelity simulations are achieved by coupling the fluid and structure domains such that boundary conditions are updated once or several times per physical time step of the simulation.""As a starting point, the turbomachinery CFD research code TURBO (Chen and Briley, 2001) and the commercial structural solver ANSYSŪ has been chosen for coupling, although FSI is designed with modularity for future inclusion of other fluid and structural solvers."
        +[ANSYS Dynamics, version unspecified]

      • An Efficient FETI Implementation on Distributed Shared Memory Machines with Independent Numbers of Subdomains and Processors

        Michel Lesoinne and Kendall Pierson

        "Until now, many implementations of the FETI method have been designed either as sequential codes on a single CPU, or as parallel implementations with a One Subdomain per Processor approach. This approach has been particularly typical of implementations on distributed memory architectures such as the IBM SP2. In the last couple of years, several computer manufacturers have introduced new machines with a Distributed Shared Memory (DSM) programming model {e.g. SGI Origin 2000, or HP Exemplar. In such architectures, the physical memory is distributed among the processors or CPU boards but any memory location can be accessed logically by any CPU independently of where the particular memory page being accessed has physically been allocated. As more and more machines of this type are available with a relatively small number of processors, the interest in implementing FETI with an independent number of subdomains and processor has increased. We report on such an implementation of FETI and highlight the benefits of this feature. We have found that medium size to large problems can be solved even on a sequential machine with time and memory requirements that are one to two order of magnitude better than a direct solver."

      • -

        BaBar295.pdf

        -

        -

        BaBar295.pdf

        -
      • -

        Basics of ANSYS Macros [PDF]

        -

        David Haberman (CSI)

        -

        Basics of creating and using macros (APDL) in ANSYS.

        -
      • -

        Bioloch_ICRA04.pdf

        -

        -

        Bioloch_ICRA04.pdf

        -
      • -

        Building Parametric Models [PDF]

        -

        David Haberman (CSI)

        -

        This memo provides an overview of APDL, defining parameters, and creating parametric models.

        -

      • An Interpretation of the Physics of Fluid-Structure Interaction in the Frequency Domain

        Jan Christian Anker

        "This paper constitutes an attempt to interpret the physics of FSI where the structure is vibrating. The structure considered is a very simple physical device, namely a flat cantilever plate. Many presumably important details are only briefly mentioned, other are left completely out of the discussion. The intention with the paper is to emphasize that there are cases where Fluid - Structure Interaction can be successfully simulated without having to utilize a Navier-Stokes Solver coupled with a (non-linear) Structural Analysis Program, a concept that requires vast amounts of computer time for linear vibrations (but is highly relevant for other applications)."

      • -

        COMPMENU.zip

        -

        Jim Patterson (Hendrickson Trailer Suspension Systems)

        -

        "I have a set of macros to generate toolbars based on the defined components in the db. You can then call these toolbars from the main toolbar to aid in the selecting of the components. This includes "select", "also select", and "unselect". You can also "remake"the components from the toolbar. As someone who works with assemblies of shell models almost constantly, this has been a huge time saver for me."
        -Tested on 5.7 through 6.1. Unzip the file and read the supplied Word document for instructions.

        +

        An Introduction to the Conjugate Gradient Method Without the Agonizing Pain

        +

        Jonathan R. Shewchuk

        +

        This paper presents a very well-written explanation of conjugate gradient methods. It is helpful in understanding better the idea behind CG solvers in ANSYS (PCG, JCG, ICCG, AMG, etc.).

      • -

        Coupling low-order elements to high-order elements in ANSYS

        -

        Aaron Acton

        -

        "This article presents several methods for obtaining coupling at the interface between low- and high-order elements in ANSYS. This situation can be encountered when modelling the fluid-structure interaction between a solid domain, modelled with quadratic elements, and an acoustic fluid domain, modelled with linear elements. The two methods determined to be most suitable for achieving this coupling are by using either constraint equations or contact elements, both of which are likely more-robust methods than by simply attaching coincident nodes on matching meshes. Examples are provided for each case described herein, and the results from each are compared to the ANSYS 11.0 verification problem VM177."

        +

        An Object Oriented Approach to Geometry Defeaturing for Finite Element Meshing [PDF]

        +

        Anton V. Mobley, Michael P. Carroll, and Scott A. Canann

        +

        "In this paper, an object-oriented approach to automatic geometry defeaturing is presented. The geometric and finite element data abstractions are given, along with the basic algorithms used."

      • -

        Creating APDL Macros [PDF]

        -

        Mike Rife (CSI)

        -

        The use of the Ansys Parametric Design Language, APDL, to create simple but reusable macros can be a significant time saver. This Tip of the Week will show two examples of macros written for current Ansys users. These macros may be extended or used as templates for future macros.

        +

        Analysis Of Gasketed Flanges With Ordinary Elements Using APDL Control

        +

        Yasumasa Shoji, Satoshi Nagata

        +

        "The analysis of gasketted flanges is now becoming an essential technique to design pressure vessels or piping, because the design code is being modified. On the other hand, the gasket has an extreme nonlinearity which causes the analysis to be very difficult, especially using linear material properties. A finite element analysis program other than ANSYS has the element library for gasket element, but ANSYS does not have it yet."

        +

        "The authors developed a method to model this nonlinear gasket by using the elements available in ANSYS Rel. 5.5 for 2-dimensional axisymmetric analysis and those in Rel. 5.6 for 3-dimensional analysis. In this paper, the concept and the procedure of the modeling is introduced. The data input is possible using a template, without using any other ANSYS commands. The whole analysis execution is controlled by APDL."

        +

        [STI: Gasket elements are available from version 6.1 onwards, after this paper was written]

      • -

        Creating a Helical Path

        -

        Paul McGarry (Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology)

        -

        "A step by step GUI method for creating a left or right-handed helix, in any axis, for any pitch or diameter."

        +

        Analysis Of Reinforced Concrete Structures Using ANSYS Nonlinear Concrete Model

        +

        Antonio F. Barbosa and Gabriel O. Ribeiro

        +

        "This paper considers the practical application of nonlinear models in the analysis of reinforced concrete structures. The results of some analyses performed using the reinforced concrete model of the general purpose finite element code ANSYS are presented and discussed."

      • -

        Customizing GUI Behavior [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "The /UIS and /MSTART commands provide the user with control over much of the GUI behavior. At 5.7 and 6.0, this has been extended to include control over the multilegend feature, background color, and mouse button assignment for dynamic rotations. Used in conjunction with the startxx.ans file, this allows the user to change GUI behavior in each ANSYS session."

        -
      • -

        DistributedLoad.zip

        -

        Paris Altidis (Borg Warner)

        -

        Zip file containing two example macros of applying distributed pressures.

        +

        Analysis Of The FOREVER-Experiments Using A Finite Element Model

        +

        Eberhard Altstadt, Thomas Moessner, Baj Ral Sehgal, Hans-Georg Willschütz

        +

        "An axis-symmetric Finite Element (FE) model is developed based on the multi-purpose code ANSYS/Multiphysics. Using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) module the temperature field within the melt pool and within the vessel wall is evaluated. The transient structural mechanical calculations are then performed applying a creep model which takes into account large temperature, stress and strain variations." (Document 1)

      • -

        Don_HemmelgarnITI_Interoperability_Pres.pdf

        -

        -

        Don_HemmelgarnITI_Interoperability_Pres.pdf

        +

        Analysis and Testing of Graphite/Epoxy Concrete Bridge Girders Under Static Loading

        +

        B. M. Kavlicoglu, F. Gordaninejad, M. Saiidi, Y. Jiang

        +

        "An innovative graphite/epoxy-concrete (G/E-C) cross-section was developed and tested under two-point static loading. Finite element analysis and theoretical modeling of the cross-section was performed. The cross-section was a box girder with an outer G/E U-beam and inner G/E box beam with concrete webs and flange in between. Shear connection between G/E box beam and concrete slab was provided by a two-part structural epoxy resin. Additional shear connection was provided by steel stirrups located at 254 mm (10 in.) spacing along longitudinal axis of the test specimen. It was observed that, steel stirrups contributed the load carrying capacity after initiation of slippage between G/E beams and concrete. Moreover, a series of bond strength tests were performed to examine the behavior of structural epoxy resin for connection between G/E and concrete. Six G/E strips were subjected to tensile tests to evaluate the longitudinal and transverse elastic moduli of the laminate. Using the proper material properties and assumptions, it was possible to demonstrate the behavior of the section under static loads theoretically and in finite element analysis."
        +[ANSYS Structural, version 5.5]

      • -

        Finite Element Analysis at Mannesmann VDO Fuel Systems [PDF]

        -

        Zlatko Penzar

        -

        Finite Element Analysis at Mannesmann VDO Fuel Systems - ppt presentation

        +

        Analytical Modeling Of Glued Laminated Girder Bridges Using ANSYS

        +

        Anil Kurian

        +

        "This paper aims at developing a finite element model of glued laminated girder bridges that can predict accurately the analytical behavior of the bridges. Two models have been developed to study the characteristics of this type of bridge. Two case studies have been considered to validate the accuracy of the models. The first case study is a long span single-lane bridge, the Tuscaloosa Bridge, in Alabama. The second case study is a medium span two-lane bridge, the Cow Gu lch Bridge, in Montana. The models show good correlation with the experimental data and hence, the models can be used to find the maximum deflections in the bridge."Use of ANSYS 5.0 (1992 version)

      • -

        Dutchsensorconf98.pdf

        -

        -

        Dutchsensorconf98.pdf

        +

        Analyzing Hyperelastic Materials w/ Some Practical Considerations

        +

        Paris Altidis and Vince Adams

        +

        Presentation from the Midwest ANSYS User Group
        +[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]

      • -

        ECTC2001-paper.pdf

        -

        -

        ECTC2001-paper.pdf

        +

        Anisotropic Plasticity and Failure Prediction in Wood Composites

        +

        David M. Moses, Helmut G.L. Prion

        +

        "Two case studies are summarized using anisotropic plasticity and the Weibull weakest link failure model to predict the behavior of wood and wood composites. The linear elastic orthotropic model normally used for wood is shown to be insufficient for the prediction of ultimate strength in wood. Non-linear, non-recoverable behavior in compression in each of the orthogonal material directions is of particular interest in cases where localized crushing governs the load-displacement behavior of wood."

        +

        "The anisotropic plasticity option in ANSYS was used to predict yielding and post-yield behavior for the wood composite used in this study because yield stresses in orthogonal directions were found to be in the ratio of 1:1.2:5. A user-programmable Fortran subroutine was developed for ANSYS to carry out the failure analysis (and to calculate the volume integration of the stresses) at each load-step in post-processing. The model was verified using two cases: I) the ASTM D143 shear block test, and II) bolted connections."

      • -

        EE245.pdf

        +

        Ansys_PT_EEC.pdf

        -

        EE245.pdf

        +

        Ansys_PT_EEC.pdf

      • -

        Elastic Foundation Stiffness

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Short explanation of what elastic foundation stiffness (SURF154) is and how to calculate the resulting stiffness for non-planar cases. In Workbench Mechanical, this feature is referred to as an "Elastic Support".

        +

        BMSweep: Locating Interior Nodes During Sweeping [PDF]

        +

        Matthew L. Staten, Scott A. Canann, and Steve J. Owen

        +

        "BMSweep is a new algorithm to determine the location of interior nodes while volume sweeping."

      • -

        Various MEMS Examples Using ANSYS [ZIP]

        -

        (EPFL, The Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne)

        -

        Tutorials on using ANSYS with various MEMS examples. This was originally taken from EPFL's website.

        +

        BaBar295.pdf

        +

        +

        BaBar295.pdf

      • -

        Effect of Package Design and Layout on BGA Solder Joint Reliability of an Organic C4 Package

        -

        Biju Chandran, Deepak Goyal, and Jeffrey Thomas

        -

        "Ball Grid Array (BGA) is currently the interconnect of choice for attaching microprocessors on a printed circuit board (PCB). The reliability of solder joints is one of the critical issues in BGA surface mount technology (SMT). During reliability testing, BGA fatigue failures were observed on test vehicles (TV). Finite element analysis and physical failure analysis were used to determine the risk to the product in the field. As part of this effort, parametric finite element analysis was carried out to determine the effect of design features like the package size, and BGA pattern on the propensity of fatigue failure. The results of the finite element analysis and physical failure analysis showed that the risk to fatigue failure was much greater on a peripheral / partial grid array package than in a full grid array package."

        +

        Basics of ANSYS Macros [PDF]

        +

        David Haberman (CSI)

        +

        Basics of creating and using macros (APDL) in ANSYS.

      • -

        FFTDFT.zip

        -

        Juan Carlos Lancha (OHL, S.A.)

        -

        From the author:

        -

        "These small APDL macros perform Fourier transforms (FFT and DFT) of discrete signals. This procedure decomposes a time domain signal into a sum of harmonic (frequency domain) signals. It’s a useful APDL tool when dealing with dynamic and harmonic problems in ANSYS."

        +

        Basics on Structural Damping (Addendum) [ZIP]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "Since ANSYS 5.6, there have been numerous enhancements as well as facets of the software program that have changed, including treatment of damping. This article is meant to serve as an addendum to Section 6 of the author’s "Structural Damping"memo, which was written in October, 2000."

      • -

        FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF DAMAGE ACCUMULATION IN BOLTED COMPOSITE JOINTS UNDER INCREMENTAL TENSILE LOADING

        -

        -

        A three-dimensional progressive damage model was developed in order to simulate the damage accumulation of bolted single-lap composite joints under in-plane tensile loading. This model is capable of predicting the residual strength and residual stiffness of laminates with arbitrary lay-ups, geometries and bolt positions. The parametric study includes stress analysis, failure analysis and material property degradation. Stress analysis of the three-dimensional geometry was performed using the ANSYS FE code. Failure analysis and degradation of material properties were implemented using a progressive damage model, which is incorporated in an ANSYS macro-routine. The progressive model utilizes a set of stress-based Hashin-type criteria and a set of appropriate degradation rules. A parametric study was performed to examine the effect of bolt position and friction upon residual strength and damage accumulation.

        +

        Basics on Structural Damping [ZIP]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        This is an old document I wrote a while ago on damping which I sometimes use. Although written back at version 5.6, it is still applicable at version 7.0.
        +"Damping is required in many dynamic applications, yet because there are many ways to include it, there is often confusion regarding the implementation of damping in ANSYS. This memo hopes to provide a general summary of the representation of damping available in ANSYS."

      • -

        Comparison of FLUID29 and FLUID79 Elements

        -

        Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)

        -

        "Analyses were conducted to verify that similar results could be obtained by using the displacement formulated fluid elements FLUID79 or the pressure formulated fluid elements FLUID29."

        +

        Benchmark Tests on ANSYS Parallel Processing Technology

        +

        Kentaro Suzuki

        +

        "ANSYS Inc. has released parallel processing solvers, DDS (Distributed Domain Solver) and AMG (Algebraic Multigrid Solver) in ANSYS version 5.7 in order to meet the requirements from the market."

        +

        "In this paper, simple tests are first carried out to confirm the features and capabilities of DDS and AMG for different types of analyses. Furthermore, real-life problems such as thermal stress of an engine block (7.3 million DOF) and elastic-plastic-creep behavior of an IC packaging (about 84,000 DOF) are analyzed. The effectiveness of ANSYS parallel processing solvers is also studied."

      • -

        FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf

        -

        -

        FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf

        +

        Beta Electrical Contact Features at 6.0 [ZIP]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "This issue describes a beta feature at 6.0, which is electrical contact capability of 17x surface-to-surface contact elements. This new capability allows contact in thermal-electric and structural-thermal-electric problems."
        +(Week 13, week of 01/07/02.)

      • Biomechanical Interaction Between Cap Thickness, Lipid Core Composition and Blood Pressure in Vulnerable Coronary Plaque: Impact on Stability or Insta

        Gerard Finet, Jacques Ohayon and Gilles Rioufo

        "A ‘thin’ fibrous cap atheroma is the typical morphological characteristic of vulnerable plaque. Yet the very pathological studies that have provided these descriptions have also shown the actual prediction of plaque rupture to be rather less exact. Other relevant characteristics must be involved in the mechanisms of plaque rupture—blood pressure loading (P) and the material properties of the soft atheromatous core—as predictors of the distribution of the peak circumferential stress (PCS) locations."
        [ANSYS Structural, version 5.7]

      • -

        Formatting output text of results (PRxxxx family of commands) [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        -

        This memo outlines some of the options available in ANSYS to produce and to format output listings: (1) the use of the /FORMAT statement with the PRxxxx series of commands and (2) the application of *VWRITE to create custom output. This memo outlines some of the options available in ANSYS to produce and to format output listings: (1) the use of the /FORMAT statement with the PRxxxx series of commands and (2) the application of *VWRITE to create custom output.

        +

        Buckling in Workbench Simulation [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "Buckling may be a concern for some situations, where a user may need to modify the design to prevent buckling within a given load range. Conversely, failure analysis may need to be performed when a structure has collapsed.
        +ANSYS and Workbench Simulation have many tools to aid users in solving geometric instability problems, ranging from linear (eigenvalue) buckling to nonlinear, post-buckling analyses."
        +(Week 41, week of 10/14/07)

      • -

        Simulation of the Retroglossal Fluid-Structure Interaction During Obstructive Sleep Apnea

        -

        Franz Chouly, Annemie Van Hirtum, Pierre-Yves Lagr´ee, Jean-Roch Paoli, Xavier Pelorson, and Yohan P

        -

        "A method for computing the interaction between the airflow and the soft tissue during an Obstructive Apnea is presented. It is based on simplifications of the full continuum formulation (Navier- Stokes and finite elasticity) to ensure computation time compatible with clinical applications. Linear elasticity combined with a precomputation method allows fast prediction of the tissue deformation, while an asymptotic formulation of the full Navier-Stokes equations (Reduced Navier- Stokes/Prandtl equations) has been chosen for the flow. The accuracy of the method has already been assessed experimentally. Then, simulations of the complete collapsus at the retroglossal level in the upper airway have been carried out, on geometries extracted from pre-operative radiographies of two apneic patients. Post-operative geometries have been also used to check qualitatively if the predictions from the simulations are in agreement with the effects of the surgery."
        -[ANSYS Structural, version unspecified]

        +

        Building Parametric Models [PDF]

        +

        David Haberman (CSI)

        +

        This memo provides an overview of APDL, defining parameters, and creating parametric models.

      • -

        GSkoro1.pdf

        -

        -

        GSkoro1.pdf

        +

        CERIG vs RBE3, RIGID184 [ZIP]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "Constraint equations provide many useful features in ANSYS, such as tying together dissimilar meshes, representing parts of the system not explicitly modeled, or distributing loads. Two automated methods of generating constraint equations are the CERIG and RBE3 commands. Because there is often confusion over their use, this memo hopes to provide some information on differences between the two methods.
        +"Constraint equations in ANSYS are linear, so they are not valid for large-rotation analyses. RIGID184 is a beta element in version 6.1 which provides rigid link/beam capabilities, valid for large-rotation problems. The latter part of this memo will cover some details of this undocumented feature, available in 6.1."

      • -

        General ANSYS Tips (5.5)

        +

        COMPMENU.zip

        +

        Jim Patterson (Hendrickson Trailer Suspension Systems)

        +

        "I have a set of macros to generate toolbars based on the defined components in the db. You can then call these toolbars from the main toolbar to aid in the selecting of the components. This includes "select", "also select", and "unselect". You can also "remake"the components from the toolbar. As someone who works with assemblies of shell models almost constantly, this has been a huge time saver for me."
        +Tested on 5.7 through 6.1. Unzip the file and read the supplied Word document for instructions.

        +
      • +

        Calculating effective Coefficient of Thermal Expansion [PDF]

        +

        Bill Bulat (CSI)

        +

        Tips on how to define coefficient of thermal expansion and converting that material data to format that ANSYS can use.

        +
      • +

        Cast Iron Plasticity

        +

        (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Presentation on Cast Iron plasticity model introduced in ANSYS 6.1 (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

        +
      • +

        Chaboche Nonlinear Kinematic Hardening Model [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "The Chaboche nonlinear kinematic hardening model was added in ANSYS 5.6 to complement the existing isotropic and kinematic hardening rules that users relied on. Despite its availability for nearly ten years as of the time of this writing, the Chaboche model has enjoyed limited popularity, in part because of the perceived complexity of calibrating the material parameters. This memo hopes to introduce the basics related to the Chaboche nonlinear kinematic model."
        +(Week 47, week of 05/04/08)

        +
      • +

        Closing the Gaps on Data Interoperability [PDF]

        +

        Don Hemmelgarn

        +

        PowerPoint presentation

        +
      • +

        Clustering Results Around Peaks for Full-Harmonic Analyses in ANSYS

        +

        Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "This article presents a method for obtaining full harmonic solutions clustered around potential peak responses. Full harmonic analyses provide exact solutions, typically calculated at equally spaced intervals over the desired frequency range. Mode-superposition analyses, however, provide approximate solutions, but can be clustered around potential resonant peaks. The hybrid method discussed in this article uses a modal solution to determine natural frequencies, which are then used to calculate clusters of points surrounding those frequencies. Full harmonic solutions can then be performed at these clustered points. Examples and input les are provided in order to utilize this method."

        +
      • +

        Collaborative Virtual Prototyping: A Product Development Imperative [PDF]

        +

        Marc Halpern

        +

        PowerPoint presentation

        +
      • +

        Comparison of FLUID29 and FLUID79 Elements

        Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)

        -

        Where to get help
        -Insufficient disk space
        -Bulk compression mode
        -Choice of solver
        -Element Normals
        -Boolean operations on solid models
        -Meshing
        -Loading an array from a file
        -Using ETABLE and extracting the results to an array
        -Output when using the GUI
        -Generating editable WMF figures

        -
      • -

        A 3D Dynamical Biomechanical Tongue Model to Study Speech Motor Control

        -

        Jean-Michel Gérard, Reiner Wilhelms-Tricarico, Pascal Perrier & Yohan Payan

        -

        "A 3D biomechanical dynamical model of human tongue is presented, that is elaborated in the aim to test hypotheses about speech motor control. Tissue elastic properties are accounted for in Finite Element Modeling (FEM). The FEM mesh was designed in order to facilitate the implementation of muscle arrangement within the tongue. Therefore, its structure was determined on the basis of accurate anatomical data about the tongue. Mechanically, the hypothesis of hyperelasticity was adopted with the Mooney-Rivlin formulation of the strain energy function. Muscles are modeled as general force generators that act on anatomically specified sets of nodes of the FEM structure. The 8 muscles that are known to be largely involved in the production of basic speech movements are modeled. The model and the solving of the Lagrangian equations of movement are implemented using the ANSYS™ software. Simulations of the influence of muscle activations onto the tongue shape are presented and analyzed."

        -
      • -

        High End Workbench Tip

        -

        PADT

        -

        Taken from PADT's SWAU group meeting on performing high-end analyses with Workbench Simulation.

        -
      • -

        On Stress Analysis For a Hyperelastic Material [PDF]

        -

        Xiao-Yan Gong and Riyand Moe

        -

        Paper using ANSYS 5.5 for characterizing hyperelastic materials with Mooney-Rivlin

        -
      • -

        IEEE00_LGC_umirror.pdf

        -

        -

        IEEE00_LGC_umirror.pdf

        +

        "Analyses were conducted to verify that similar results could be obtained by using the displacement formulated fluid elements FLUID79 or the pressure formulated fluid elements FLUID29."

      • -

        IJSS2007.pdf

        -

        -

        IJSS2007.pdf

        +

        Comparison of Linear and Non-linear Soft Tissue Models with Post-operative CT Scan in Maxillofacial Surgery

        +

        Matthieu Chabanas, Yohan Payan, Christophe Marecaux, Pascal Swider, and Franck Boutault

        +

        "A Finite Element model of the face soft tissue is proposed to simulate the morphological outcomes of maxillofacial surgery. Three modelling options are implemented: a linear elastic model with small and large deformation hypothesis, and an hyperelastic Mooney-Rivlin model. An evaluation procedure based on a qualitative and quantitative comparison of the simulations with a post-operative CT scan is detailed. It is then applied to one clinical case to evaluate the differences between the three models, and with the actual patient morphology. First results shows in particular that for a “simple” clinical procedure where stress is less than 20%, a linear model seams sufficient for a correct modelling."

      • -

        IMAPS_Shivesh.PDF

        -

        -

        IMAPS_Shivesh.PDF

        +

        Comparison of Rectangular and Spherical Models

        +

        Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)

        +

        "The purpose of this investigation was to compare the two modelling techniques for an infinite boundary. The first technique involves setting the elements on the edges of the model to have an absorptive property by changing the material properties so that mu=1. The second technique involves the use of infinite elements (infinite129) that must be placed on a constant radius curvature."

      • -

        INTERP.zip

        -

        Vladimir Tkach (NPO Energomash)

        -

        "This example interpolates stress-strain curve by polynomial function - Strain=A1+A2StressA3Stress^2, in temperature area between Proportional, Yield and Ultimate stresses and reads it into ANSYS db-file."

        +

        Compiling UPFs and Creating Customized ANSYS Executables [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "ANSYS User Programmable Features (UPFs) are quite powerful means of customizing ANSYS beyond the scripting capabilities of the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). Writing one’s own constitutive models or complex loading functions or even creating a user-defined element are possible with UPFs.

        +

        Because some users may find it challenging to get started using UPFs, this memo hopes to discuss general issues related to compiling and linking a customized version of ANSYS for Windows and Linux environments."

        +

        (Week 51, week of 02/08/09)

      • -

        IPACK2005-73239.pdf

        -

        -

        IPACK2005-73239.pdf

        +

        Constellation Pathfinder: A University Nanosatellite

        +

        C.D. Rayburn, H.E. Spence, H.E. Petschek, M. Bellino, J. Vickers, M. Murphy

        +

        "This paper updates the progress of the Constellation Pathfinder Mission (CPM) design. Specifically, preliminary results in areas including satellite design, orbital mechanics, thermal design, structural design, and attitude determination and control are discussed."

      • -

        A 64-Pixel Linear Thermopile Array Chip Designed for Vacuum Environment

        -

        U. Dillner, E. Kessler, V. Baier, A. Berger, T. Eick, D. Behrendt, H. Urban

        -

        "We report on the development of a 64-pixel high performance linear thermopile array chip designed for vacuum environment based on a silicon nitride membrane as substrate, Bi0.87Sb0.13/Sb as thermoelectric materials combination and an Ag-black broadband absorber layer. The array chip was mounted on a ceramic substrate and placed on the socket of a commercial hybrid package with 64 pins. Measurements of the linear array chip in vacuum environment and in absence of an entrance filter delivered a responsivity of 245 V/W, a sensitivity of 166 µVm˛/W, a specific detectivity of 1.6x109 cmHz1/2/W at an electrical resistance of 9 k and a thermal time constant of 150 ms. The pixelto- pixel cross-talk was reduced to less than 0.4 % due to slits in the membrane between adjacent pixels made by dry etching."
        -[ANSYS Thermal, version unknown]

        +

        Construction Machinery Cab Vibro-Acoustic Analysis and Optimisation

        +

        L. Bregant, G. Miccoli, M. Seppi

        +

        "A 3D cavity representing the earth-moving machine cab has been modelled by means of a FE structural mesh (Ansys), reproducing the characteristics of the real structure. Starting from the cab vibration load experimental acquisition, a BEM coupled analysis (Sysnoise) has been carried out to evaluate the cab inner vibro-acoustic field as a function of the physical properties of each structural element. A multi-objective design optimisation code (modeFrontier) drives the analysis process flow taking into account the cab parameter structural modifications and carrying out the vibro-acoustic field optimisation."
        +[ANSYS Dynamics, version unspecified]

      • -

        Improvements to Time-History Postprocessing at 6.0 [PDF]

        +

        Contact Analysis Tips [PDF]

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "This tips and tricks focuses on improvements at 6.0 on the Time-History postprocessor. (After I did this, I realized that a lot of this was already covered in the 6.0 Update seminar, but, oh well...)"

        +

        "Generally speaking, nonlinear analyses involving contact can be quite challenging to solve when the contacting area changes during the load history. However, ANSYS Workbench Simulation has very robust contact technology, along with diagnostic tools that can help the user obtain converged, accurate solutions. This memo hopes to discuss some tips related to contact analyses in hopes of aiding the user who encounters difficulties when solving contact analyses."

      • -

        Jewart_etd_2006.pdf

        -

        -

        Jewart_etd_2006.pdf

        +

        Contact Wizard Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Describes some of the enhancements made to the Contact Wizard at ANSYS 6.0, including support of 17x contact elements' thermal features and ability to edit contact pair options through same interface.
        +(Week 5, week of 10/22/01.)

      • -

        Comparison of Linear and Non-linear Soft Tissue Models with Post-operative CT Scan in Maxillofacial Surgery

        -

        Matthieu Chabanas, Yohan Payan, Christophe Marecaux, Pascal Swider, and Franck Boutault

        -

        "A Finite Element model of the face soft tissue is proposed to simulate the morphological outcomes of maxillofacial surgery. Three modelling options are implemented: a linear elastic model with small and large deformation hypothesis, and an hyperelastic Mooney-Rivlin model. An evaluation procedure based on a qualitative and quantitative comparison of the simulations with a post-operative CT scan is detailed. It is then applied to one clinical case to evaluate the differences between the three models, and with the actual patient morphology. First results shows in particular that for a “simple” clinical procedure where stress is less than 20%, a linear model seams sufficient for a correct modelling."

        +

        Converting Prony Series to Frequency Domain

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Simple example showing how to convert Prony series for viscoelasticity from time domain to frequency domain. This is to convert TB,PRONY to TB,ELASTIC/SDAMP for use in harmonic response analyses.

      • -

        Legend_Example.zip

        -

        Bob Weathers (Trane)

        -

        Example of customizing legend with annotations. See "Read Me"file for details, along with AVI animation."Essentially, I turn off the legend and write annotations into this area. It gives me considerable control over what appears there. I have also found that I can better communicate results to my customers by, say, having a legend that's reads 1.23 mils rather than 0.123E-02 inches or by referencing drawing and revision numbers, test results, material properties, and so on."
        -"You might need to change some of the character size and line spacing dimensions in the macros. Again, though, they work just fine for my hardware."

        +

        Converting piezoelectric data [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        +

        Conversion of material properties of piezoelectric ceramics (such as PZT) has caused many users confusion because of the difference between manufacturer-supplied data and the format required by ANSYS. This memo hopes to clarify this point and to provide users with information on conversion routines. Accompanying Spreadsheet.

      • -

        LiPaperECF13.pdf

        -

        -

        LiPaperECF13.pdf

        +

        Converting pressures to nodal forces [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        +

        Tip on converting element pressures to nodal forces. This can be useful for mode superposition methods where LVSCALE may not be suitable.
        +SI_P2F Macro and test input file.

      • -

        Long Parameter and Component Names at 6.0 [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "Starting from version 5.7, strings have been introduced to replace character arrays. Strings allow for up to 128 characters for APDL purposes, instead of the 8-letter limit of character parameters. The /INQUIRE command as well as string manipulation functions (see *GET online help) extend the usefulness of strings to retrieve and manipulate data. *VWRITE has also been enhanced to support C-format statements, useful in writing out long strings."
        -"At 6.0, the 8-character limitation on parameters, components, and /POST26 variables has been removed. Users can now specify up to 32 character for these items, allowing for much more descriptive names. In /POST26, variables can also be referred to by name when plotting or listing."

        +

        Coupling low-order elements to high-order elements in ANSYS

        +

        Aaron Acton

        +

        "This article presents several methods for obtaining coupling at the interface between low- and high-order elements in ANSYS. This situation can be encountered when modelling the fluid-structure interaction between a solid domain, modelled with quadratic elements, and an acoustic fluid domain, modelled with linear elements. The two methods determined to be most suitable for achieving this coupling are by using either constraint equations or contact elements, both of which are likely more-robust methods than by simply attaching coincident nodes on matching meshes. Examples are provided for each case described herein, and the results from each are compared to the ANSYS 11.0 verification problem VM177."

      • -

        M3302.pdf

        -

        -

        M3302.pdf

        +

        Creating APDL Macros [PDF]

        +

        Mike Rife (CSI)

        +

        The use of the Ansys Parametric Design Language, APDL, to create simple but reusable macros can be a significant time saver. This Tip of the Week will show two examples of macros written for current Ansys users. These macros may be extended or used as templates for future macros.

      • -

        Non-Linear Elastic Properties of the Lingual and Facial Tissues Assessed by Indentation Technique: Application to the Biomechanics of Speech Production

        -

        J.M. Gerard, J. Ohayon, V. Luboz, P. Perrier, Y. Paya

        -

        "This paper aims at characterizing the mechanical behavior of two human anatomical structures, namely the tongue and the cheek. For this, an indentation experiment was provided, by measuring the mechanical response of tongue and cheek tissues removed from the fresh cadaver of a 74 year old woman. Non-linear relationships were observed between the force applied to the tissues and the corresponding displacements. To infer the mechanical constitutive laws from these measurements, a finite element (FE) analysis was provided. This analysis aimed at simulating the indentation experiment. An optimization process was used to determine the FE constitutive laws that provided the non-linear force/displacements observed during the indentation experiments. The tongue constitutive law was used for simulations provided by a 3D FE biomechanical model of the human tongue. This dynamical model was designed to study speech production. Given a set of tongue muscular commands, which levels correspond to the force classically measured during speech production, the FE model successfully simulated the main tongue movements observed during speech data."
        -[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 5.7]

        +

        Creating a Helical Path

        +

        Paul McGarry (Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology)

        +

        "A step by step GUI method for creating a left or right-handed helix, in any axis, for any pitch or diameter."

      • -

        MICROtec2000.pdf

        -

        -

        MICROtec2000.pdf

        +

        Creep Resistance and Creep Bending Resistance of Light Metal Matrix Composites for Research in Airframe Structural Effiency

        +

        E. Neubauer and H.Peter Degischer

        +

        "Main aim of the research in the frame of the AMTT programme was the testing of a fiber reinforced Al-alloy. For investigation of the creep behaviour of this material, creep tests under bending were performed. The tested material was Al99.85+0.1%Mg reinforced with Al2O3 fibers (Altex/Sumitomo), which was prepared by means of gas pressure infiltration. Main benefit of such a material for application would be the lowering of the weight of the material without a loss of properties."(see Appendix A for ANSYS use in this document)

      • -

        MPPH060.pdf

        -

        -

        MPPH060.pdf

        +

        Customizing GUI Behavior [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "The /UIS and /MSTART commands provide the user with control over much of the GUI behavior. At 5.7 and 6.0, this has been extended to include control over the multilegend feature, background color, and mouse button assignment for dynamic rotations. Used in conjunction with the startxx.ans file, this allows the user to change GUI behavior in each ANSYS session."

      • -

        MSM00_ANSYS_pds.pdf

        -

        -

        MSM00_ANSYS_pds.pdf

        +

        Cyclic Symmetry Analysis

        +

        (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Presentation on cyclic symmetry enhancements at ANSYS 6.1 (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS"seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

      • -

        MSM00_ANSYS_romfin.pdf

        -

        -

        MSM00_ANSYS_romfin.pdf

        +

        Design Optimization of an Automotive Universal Joint Considering Manufacturing Cost

        +

        Nick Cristello and Il Yong Kim

        +

        "This paper presents the shape optimization of an automotive universal joint, by simultaneously considering manufacturing cost, maximum drivable joint angle and part volume. Comprised of three main components - two yokes and a cross trunnion - a universal joint is a linkage used to transmit rotational motion from one shaft to another when the axes are coplanar, but not coinciding. In this research, universal joint designs are analyzed and compared using a weighted sum of three objective functions: minimization of machining cost, maximization of adjoining shaft joint angle, and minimization of total part volume. Part modeling and analysis is conducted using the Finite Element Analysis package ANSYS and optimization is implemented using MATLAB. The results show Pareto frontiers for both the flange and weld yoke, constructed using the Adaptive Weighted Sum technique. These frontiers clearly illustrate the trade-off between machining cost and joint angle; that is, to increase the joint angle, a corresponding increase in the cost of the part is required. It has been shown that maximization of driveable joint angle requires a simultaneous increase in machining cost of 4.4% and 2.7% for the flange and weld yoke, respectively."
        +[ANSYS Structural, version 9.0]

      • -

        MSM00_ANSYS_trefftz.pdf

        -

        -

        MSM00_ANSYS_trefftz.pdf

        +

        Design and Implementation of a Flow Microsensor by using Silicon Microelectronics Technology

        +

        Roberto Rodrigues and Rogerio Furlan

        +

        "This work presents the design of a gas flow microsensor that was implemented by using silicon microelectronics technology. Its main features are a low power consumption (tens of mW) and the possibility of integration in flow microactuators. It was adopted a calorimetric device with free-standing microfilaments and thermoresistive sensor elements. Analytical and numerical modeling were developed for device analyses and design. The free-standing microfilaments were fabricated using surface micromachining. Characteristic curves, of output voltage vs. flow, were obtained by using a commercial flow sensor for calibration. A good agreement was obtained comparing the flow microsensor experimental characteristic curves with numerical simulation results."

      • -

        MSM00_ANSYS_tzpcfin.pdf

        -

        -

        MSM00_ANSYS_tzpcfin.pdf

        +

        Design, Fabrication, and Testing of Fixed-Valve Micro-Pumps [PDF]

        +

        F. Forster, R. Bardell, M. Afromowitz, N. Sharma, and A. Blanchard

        +

        Use of Flotran for micropump analysis. (MEMS

      • -

        MSM2001_paper.pdf

        -

        -

        MSM2001_paper.pdf

        +

        DesignSpace Tutorial 1

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Simple tutorial on analyzing parts using DesignSpace with focus on compatibility with SolidWorks.

      • -

        MSM99_ANSYS_trans126.pdf

        -

        -

        MSM99_ANSYS_trans126.pdf

        +

        DesignSpace Tutorial 2

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Simple tutorial on analyzing assemblies using DesignSpace with focus on compatibility with SolidWorks.

      • -

        MSM99_CNRS_umirror.pdf

        -

        -

        MSM99_CNRS_umirror.pdf

        +

        Developing The Basis For Target Injection And Tracking In Inertial Fusion Energy Power Plants

        +

        D.T. Goodin, C.R. Gibson, R.W. Petzoldt, N.P. Siegel, L. Thompson, A. Nobile, G.E. Besenbruch, K.R.

        +

        The use of ANSYS's thermal and CFD capabilities to analyze the target injection and tracking of an Inertial Fusion Energy power plant

      • -

        MSM99_IMT_upump.pdf

        -

        -

        MSM99_IMT_upump.pdf

        +

        Different Methods of Connecting Parts Together [PDF]

        +

        Sean Harvey (CSI)

        +

        Connecting Parts - A study of Continuous Mesh versus Bonded Contact versus Constraint Equations.

      • -

        MSM99_LIMMS_piezo.pdf

        -

        -

        MSM99_LIMMS_piezo.pdf

        +

        DistributedLoad.zip

        +

        Paris Altidis (Borg Warner)

        +

        Zip file containing two example macros of applying distributed pressures.

      • -

        Numerical Simulations of Flat-walled Diffuser Elements for Valveless Micropumps [PDF]

        -

        Anders Olsson, Goran Stemme, and Erik Stemme

        -

        Use of ANSYS/Flotran for analysis of micropump. (MEMS)

        +

        Drucker-Prager Models [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "The Drucker-Prager material model is used for pressure-dependent inelastic behavior of materials such as soils, rock, concrete, and powder. Because ANSYS offers three different Drucker-Prager constitutive models, this memo hopes to provide a comparison of the available options."
        +(Week 44, week of 03/16/08)

      • -

        MSM99_ULM_cvd.pdf

        +

        Dutchsensorconf98.pdf

        -

        MSM99_ULM_cvd.pdf

        +

        Dutchsensorconf98.pdf

      • -

        MSM99_UMN_ufluidic.pdf

        -

        -

        MSM99_UMN_ufluidic.pdf

        +

        Dynamic FEA and Simulation for A Series of Blast-Resist-door

        +

        Lu Xinzheng and Jiang Jianjing

        +

        "A series of blast-resist-door were used widely. In order to know the behavior of the doors under blast load and verify the safety of the doors, dynamic finite element analysis and simulation are carried out with advanced FEA software, ANSYS/LS-DYNA and SAP. Contact surfaces are introduced to simulate the relation between the door leaf and doorframe, as well as the relation between the door hinges and bearings. Altogether 24 different load cases are analyzed to simulate various load conditions."
        +[ANSYS LS-DYNA, version unspecified]

      • -

        Manipulating FE Mesh [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "There are some special situations where a user may be required to generate or manipulate a database consisting mainly of finite element entities without solid model geometry. With some careful planning, dealing with mesh-only databases can prove to be relatively easy.

        -

        Typical situations that may arise include the following:

        -

        Import of mesh from Workbench Simulation or AI*Environment/ICEM CFD
        -Generation of repetitive geometry

        -

        This memo hopes to cover these situations in more detail."

        +

        Dynamic Pile Testing and Finite Element Calculations for the Bearing Capacity of a Quay Wall Foundation

        +

        F. Kirsch, B. Plaßmann, T. Huch, W. Rodatz

        +

        "In April 1999 the construction of a new quay wall in the port of Hamburg started. In a first stage two new berths with an overall length of 1400 m will be built. In order to proof the bearing capacity of the foundation dynamic pile testing is performed to a great extent. To date more than thirty different piles were tested by the Institute for Foundation Engineering and Soil Mechanics of the Technical University of Braunschweig. In order to check for possible set-up effects redriven tests were performed. For comparison reasons static load tests were also carried out, one of which was done with an instrumented pile to allow skin friction and end bearing to be evaluated separately. The CAPWAP results proofed to be very helpful especially in those cases where the testing situation differed from the later service condition. Special questions called for detailed finite element analysis of the load-settlement behaviour of single piles in certain construction stages."
        +Although ANSYS is not explicitly mentioned, F. Kirsch also used ANSYS in two related papers, Stability of the vault developing over Soilcrete bodies and Ground Improvement and Its Numerical Analysis.

      • -

        Marc_Halpern7CVP_mh.pdf

        +

        ECTC2001-paper.pdf

        -

        Marc_Halpern7CVP_mh.pdf

        +

        ECTC2001-paper.pdf

      • -

        Mass property calculation methods [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        -

        This memo covers some ways to determine mass properties of an ANSYS model.

        +

        EE245.pdf

        +

        +

        EE245.pdf

        +
      • +

        Effect of Package Design and Layout on BGA Solder Joint Reliability of an Organic C4 Package

        +

        Biju Chandran, Deepak Goyal, and Jeffrey Thomas

        +

        "Ball Grid Array (BGA) is currently the interconnect of choice for attaching microprocessors on a printed circuit board (PCB). The reliability of solder joints is one of the critical issues in BGA surface mount technology (SMT). During reliability testing, BGA fatigue failures were observed on test vehicles (TV). Finite element analysis and physical failure analysis were used to determine the risk to the product in the field. As part of this effort, parametric finite element analysis was carried out to determine the effect of design features like the package size, and BGA pattern on the propensity of fatigue failure. The results of the finite element analysis and physical failure analysis showed that the risk to fatigue failure was much greater on a peripheral / partial grid array package than in a full grid array package."

      • -

        Workbench XML Material Format

        -

        ANSYS, Inc.

        -

        ANSYS Workbench Engineering Data module (e.g., Workbench Simulation, Workbench FE Modeler) can import/export material data as XML files. These XML files utilize the MatML format, and this zip file contains an example. This can be useful for users wishing to generate their own material libraries in XML format outside of Workbench Engineering Data.

        +

        Effects of Nonlinear Geometric and Material Properties on the Seismic Response of Fluid/Tank Systems

        +

        He Liu, Daniel H. Schubert

        +

        "To explore the effects large deformation and nonlinear material properties have on the seismic response of fluid/tank systems, the computer program ANSYS was selected to develop a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model of a ground level, cylindrical steel shell and roof tank structure with contained fluid under seismic load. The ANSYS program was selected for its ability to include shell and structural steel elements, contained fluid elements, fluid-structure interactions, material and geometric nonlinearities, and contact type elements. For purposes of this study, analysis results from a linear elastic, small deformation fixed base model are compared with an elasto-plastic material property model with large deformation assumptions. Results show the significant difference in results based on the assumptions used and indicate that current design code based values may not be conservative in resultant loading calculations."

      • -

        Meshing in Workbench [PDF]

        +

        Elastic Foundation Stiffness

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "Mechanical users have long enjoyed access to a variety of powerful meshing tools inside of ANSYS to generate high-quality shell, tetrahedral, and swept meshes. During the past several years, meshing in ANSYS Workbench Simulation has not only grown to encompass traditional meshing algorithms in ANSYS but has also developed many features requested by ANSYS users as well as integrated meshing technologies from ANSYS CFX and ANSYS ICEM CFD."

        +

        Short explanation of what elastic foundation stiffness (SURF154) is and how to calculate the resulting stiffness for non-planar cases. In Workbench Mechanical, this feature is referred to as an "Elastic Support".

      • -

        Nested macros, local parameters, trailing underscores

        -

        Martin Herrenbruck (Technische Universität München)

        -

        "A macro file is a file which contains Ansys commands. If you save your macro in your working directory or in the macro directory (see /PSEARCH command) you just enter the macro name in the command line and all these commands will be executed. You can even nest macros: from your main file you call e.g. zzmacro1 which again calls zzmacro2. The only problem is that a macro could change - and you would probably not notice that - the value of a parameter you are using in your main input file. This will be the case if the same parameter name is used accidentally in both the macro and your main input. Let's see how one can avoid these nasty errors - just click on the link!"

        +

        Element for Modelling of Interaction Between Foundations and Bedrock in ANSYS Software

        +

        Radim Cajka, Ondrej Víta

        +

        "Ansys provides standard solutions to contact tasks. It is a high-performing computing tool that offers several modifications, making it possible to create a new element and adjust the calculation to individual requirements. When dealing with specific problems relating to the contact between the foundation and the foundation soil, it is possible to create an element that will take into account the behaviour of a soil layer under the foundation exposed to shear. The shearing load can be caused by undermining, concrete creep, or concrete shrinkage."
        +Example of user-defined element (older USER100-105)
        +[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 5.7.1]

      • Evaluation of Acoustic Propagation Paths into the Human Head

        William D. O’Brien, Jr. and Yuhui Liu

        "The overall goal has been to develop an acoustic wave propagation model using well-understood and documented computational techniques that track and quantify an air-borne incident acoustic wave propagated around, into and in the human head. This model serves as a computational tool to elucidate the acoustic wave propagation around, into and in the human head. Specifically, the model determines two features: (1) alternate acoustic propagation paths to the cochlear shell that exist besides the normal air-borne acoustic propagation path (eardrum-ossical path) through the auditory canal and (2) sound pressure amplitude in the cochlear shell (relative to the air-borne sound pressure amplitude) via the alternate propagation paths. A 3D finite-element solid mesh was constructed using a digital image database of an adult male head. Coupled acoustic-mechanical finite-element analysis (FEA) was used to model the wave propagation through the fluid-solid-fluid media."
        [ANSYS Acoustics, version 6.1]

      • -

        A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Stress Distribution in a Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque: In-Vivo Prediction of Plaque Rupture Location

        -

        Jacques Ohayon, Gérard Finet, François Treyve, Gilles Rioufol and Olivier Dubreuil

        -

        "This paper aims at predicting the plaque rupture location of one patient with stable angina and scheduled to undergo percutaneous coronary intervention. The peak circumferential stress (PCS) is considered as the determining biomechanical factor in the mechanisms leading to rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque and is often used as a predictor of atherosclerotic plaque rupture location. Up to now, to define the site of PCS concentrations, twodimensional (2D) finite element (FE) analyses were performed on the smallest luminal cross-sectional area of the coronary plaque. In-vivo three-dimensional (3D) FE modeling of atherosclerotic coronaries may be very valuable and more accurate than the 2D FE analysis in helping cardiologists evaluate the risk of spontaneous plaque rupture in a patient. In this work, the performances of the 2D and 3D FE approaches have been compared and the limits of the 2D structural analysis has been pointed out."
        -[ANSYS Structural, version 8.0]

        +

        Example harmonic analysis using the large mass method [PDF]

        +

        David Haberman (CSI)

        +

        Step-by-step instructions on performing an example harmonic analysis using the large mass method.

      • -

        The Control Of The Thermal Environment Of Perimeter Spaces In Buildings To Prevent Cold Drafts

        -

        Yuji Hukushima, Yasuo Utsumi, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Yoshimi Ishikawa, Mitsuo Suzuki, And Tatsuya Yamash

        -

        "This paper is focused on the evaluation of simulation system using the experiment result and the configuration of pericounter which is the part of counter unit setting at bottom of window side with heat panel to avoid the influence of cold draft, utilizing simulation system. The simulation shows similar flow pattern to full scale experiment and consequent simulations indicate that cold draft does not flow into interior zone when the heat generation rate exceeds heat loss from the window in most cases. When the heat generation portion is 75% of heat loss from the window, some cases which have certain configuration of pericounter successfully avoids the influence of draft without fan."

        +

        FE Analysis of ATLAS: End Cap Support Structure - PSD Spectrum Analysis

        +

        C.J.Nelson

        +

        "This report investigates the effect of a PSD (Power Spectral Density) random input load on an early FE model of the ATLAS EndCap Support Structure. Statistical predictions of the maximum displacement are presented."[ANSYS Structural, version 5.3]

      • -

        PAC1991_2197.pdf

        -

        -

        PAC1991_2197.pdf

        +

        FFTDFT.zip

        +

        Juan Carlos Lancha (OHL, S.A.)

        +

        From the author:

        +

        "These small APDL macros perform Fourier transforms (FFT and DFT) of discrete signals. This procedure decomposes a time domain signal into a sum of harmonic (frequency domain) signals. It’s a useful APDL tool when dealing with dynamic and harmonic problems in ANSYS."

      • -

        ANSYS PDS overview [PDF]

        -

        Stefan Reh

        -

        A three-page overview/summary sent on the XANSYS Mailing list on PDS, beta in ANSYS 5.6, officially released at 5.7.

        +

        FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF DAMAGE ACCUMULATION IN BOLTED COMPOSITE JOINTS UNDER INCREMENTAL TENSILE LOADING

        +

        +

        A three-dimensional progressive damage model was developed in order to simulate the damage accumulation of bolted single-lap composite joints under in-plane tensile loading. This model is capable of predicting the residual strength and residual stiffness of laminates with arbitrary lay-ups, geometries and bolt positions. The parametric study includes stress analysis, failure analysis and material property degradation. Stress analysis of the three-dimensional geometry was performed using the ANSYS FE code. Failure analysis and degradation of material properties were implemented using a progressive damage model, which is incorporated in an ANSYS macro-routine. The progressive model utilizes a set of stress-based Hashin-type criteria and a set of appropriate degradation rules. A parametric study was performed to examine the effect of bolt position and friction upon residual strength and damage accumulation.

      • -

        POW2MAT.zip

        -

        Carl Olsard (noiseboard.com)

        -

        "This is a simple program written in Turbo pascal which I find very useful for converting the output from ANSYS (prvar, prnsol, etc) into columns, while removing the headers at the start and between the page listings. The program is used at a DOS prompt and one types in: pow2mat col filein fileout , where col are the number of columns in the output, filein MUST have an extension .val and fileout WILL have an extension .txt. You do NOT type in the extensions, they are default. For example, you would type pow2mat 7 nodelist nodelist which would extract 7 columns from the file nodelist.val and write a stripped file called nodelist.txt . If you have several files to convert, you can use the DOS FOR command as follows:
        -FOR %I IN (*.val) DO pow2mat 3 %~nI %~nI"

        +

        FLOTRAN Chills Out Hot Aerospace Electronics

        +

        Mark Troscinski, Jiang Guangnan, Zhang Minyi

        +

        Examples of use of Flotran for electronics applications.
        +From ANSYS Solutions, Vol. 4 Number 2.

      • -

        PPPL-3321.pdf

        +

        FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf

        -

        PPPL-3321.pdf

        -
      • -

        PRESSURE_MAC.zip

        -

        Hursha Narayan (Robert Bosch Corporation)

        -

        "I have written a macro that calculates the total force along the three axes from applied pressure. I find this macro to be useful just to make sure that the pressure I'm applying on a curved surface is accurate and also it gives a feel for the mesh discretization where the pressure is applied. The user has to basically identify the elements with a particular magnitude of pressure and save the list file (SFELIS.lis). The macro does everything else automatically. The downside to the macro is:

        -
          -
        1. Right now it only handles 10 node tet elements.
          2. -
        2. The pressure has to be uniform
          -The user will have to modify some of the fields in the macro as well as the c-shell file prescalc."
          3. -
        -
      • -

        Parametric Studies in ANSYS [PDF]

        -

        Sean Harvey (CSI)

        -

        Automated parametric studies in ANSYS (generating and using parametric input files).

        +

        FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf

      • -

        Pilsen00.pdf

        -

        -

        Pilsen00.pdf

        +

        Fast Nonlinear Transient Thermal Solver [PDF]

        +

        (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Information on the fast nonlinear thermal solution method (THOPT), beta in 5.6 and documented in 5.7

      • -

        Plotting Entities and Graphs in Multiple Windows [PDF]

        -

        David Haberman (CSI)

        -

        ANSYS 5.4 through 5.6 allow users to plot multiple entities (keypoints, lines, areas, volumes, nodes, and elements) in a given window. Prior to ANSYS 5.4, a user was required to plot entities on top of one another, like transparencies. Furthermore, multi-plotting also allows a user to generate graphs. The following memo discusses how the ANSYS multi-plotting feature works.

        +

        Finite Element Analysis Of Crowning Sealing Caps

        +

        Henri Champliaud, L Van Ngan

        +

        "Metal closures, with an integrated gasket, are widely used in the food industry to ensure the sealing of the glass bottles by setting. The success of this bottle-capping is due to the relevant choice of the variables in the manufacturing process. Actually, the effects of the various variables of the process are not precisely understood."

        +

        "In this paper, the leakage pressure of an assembly, with given parameters of a standard setting operation is predicted. The study is concentrated firstly on the simulation of setting the cap on the bottle, and secondly, on the global distribution of the efforts of contact on the gasket according to the internal pressure. Finally, the leakage pressure of the assembly is determined using practical tests that relate the leakage pressure with the global force exerted on the gasket."

        +
      • +

        Finite Element Analysis To Investigate The Significance Of Functional Gradients In Dental Restorations [PDF]

        +

        Tan Kok Wai, Alex and Anand Asundi

        +

        Use of SOLID46 element.

      • -

        Postprocessing Harmonic Results [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "In harmonic analyses, due to the fact that results may not be in phase, postprocessing quantities of interest can pose a challenge. Users may need to review non-sinusoidal results, such as equivalent stresses, at different locations, so accounting for phase information may be required.
        -This memo hopes to cover some of the more important points regarding postprocessing structural harmonic analysis results in both the General and Time-History Postprocessors."

        -
      • -

        Pressure Mapping Example

        -

        Bob Weathers (Trane)

        -

        An example which demonstrates mapping between dissimilar meshes and element types.

        -

        At the bottom of the macro is an example of how to apply the mapped results from the first model onto the second using a TABLe. The TABLe uses the second model's node numbers (sorted and stored in ascending order) to index into the TABLe. This results in a very efficient way to map boundary conditions that's fast and uses minimum memory.

        -
      • -

        Principles of Simulating Contact Between Parts using ANSYS

        -

        David H. Johnson

        -

        "The ANSYS finite element analysis (FEA) program offers a variety of elements designed to treat cases of changing mechanical contact between the parts of an assembly or between different faces of a single part. These elements range from simple, limited idealizations to complex and sophisticated, general purpose algorithms. FEA analysts are frequently faced with modeling situations where changing contact cannot be assumed negligible and ignored. Finding the best choices for contact elements, element options, solver, and solution options can drastically improve the model’s performance and reduce the analyst’s frustration with a contact simulation model."

        +

        Finite Element Analysis at Mannesmann VDO Fuel Systems [PDF]

        +

        Zlatko Penzar

        +

        Finite Element Analysis at Mannesmann VDO Fuel Systems - ppt presentation

      • -

        RDARV_Article1200.pdf

        -

        -

        RDARV_Article1200.pdf

        -
      • -

        Constellation Pathfinder: A University Nanosatellite

        -

        C.D. Rayburn, H.E. Spence, H.E. Petschek, M. Bellino, J. Vickers, M. Murphy

        -

        "This paper updates the progress of the Constellation Pathfinder Mission (CPM) design. Specifically, preliminary results in areas including satellite design, orbital mechanics, thermal design, structural design, and attitude determination and control are discussed."

        +

        Finite Element Based Solder Joint Fatigue Life Predictions for a Same Die Stacked Chip Scale Ball Grid Array Package

        +

        Bret Zahn

        +

        "Viscoplastic finite-element simulation methodologies were utilized to predict solder joint reliability for a same die size, stacked, chip scale, ball grid array package under accelerated temperature cycling conditions (-40C to +125C, 15min ramps/15min dwells). The effects of multiple die attach material configurations were investigated along with the thickness of the mold cap and spacer die. The solder structures accommodate the bulk of the plastic strain that is generated during accelerated temperature cycling due to the thermal expansion mismatch between the various materials that encompass the stacked die package. Since plastic strain is a dominant parameter that influences low-cycle fatigue, it was used as a basis for evaluation of solder joint structural integrity. The paper discusses the analysis methodologies as implemented in the ANSYS finite element simulation software tool and the corresponding results for the solder joint fatigue life. Some ANSYS parametric design language commands are included for the benefit of those readers who are familiar with the tool."

      • -

        Reliability Needs

        -

        -

        Overview of Reliability Models and Data Needs

        +

        Finite Element Method Analysis Of Non-Linear Behaviour Of Implants And Stents [PDF]

        +

        J. Awrejcewicz, M. Ciach, K. Wlodarczyk

        +

        Example of using ANSYS for stent application (Mooney-Rivlin and kinematic hardening plasticity).

      • -

        S42-2_Dauksher.pdf

        -

        -

        S42-2_Dauksher.pdf

        +

        Flotran Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "There have been several enhancements to Flotran at 6.0. These changes include more robust default settings, an additional advection scheme, a new coupling algorithm, and improvements to the ALE mesh morpher."

      • -

        SPIE-02-SS-4701-34-horn.pdf

        -

        -

        SPIE-02-SS-4701-34-horn.pdf

        +

        Formatting output text of results (PRxxxx family of commands) [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        +

        This memo outlines some of the options available in ANSYS to produce and to format output listings: (1) the use of the /FORMAT statement with the PRxxxx series of commands and (2) the application of *VWRITE to create custom output. This memo outlines some of the options available in ANSYS to produce and to format output listings: (1) the use of the /FORMAT statement with the PRxxxx series of commands and (2) the application of *VWRITE to create custom output.

      • -

        SPIE-02-SS-4701-36-USDC.pdf

        -

        -

        SPIE-02-SS-4701-36-USDC.pdf

        +

        Fully Automatic Adaptive Mesh Refinement Integrated into the Solution Process

        +

        Joseph R. Tristano, Zhijan Chen, D. Alfred Hancq, Wa Kwok

        +

        "Finite element analysts and designers need to feel confident in the results of their analyses before sending a product to prototype or production. Mesh discretization can greatly influence the desired results. In this paper we present framework for adaptive mesh refinement to obtain FEA results with a desired accuracy. The process involves adaptively refining the mesh based on solution error norms until the result desired converges to certain accuracy. The adaptive refinement/meshing process must be fully automatic and very robust. We present an exhaustive method to create a fully automatic and integrated process that takes advantage of many of the mesh refinement and mesh optimization algorithms found in literature. The results of the process provide the user with the desired accuracy in the smallest number of iterations possible."

        +

        [Workbench Simulation, version 7.1]

      • -

        SPIE-05_Zensheu-USDC-modeling.pdf

        +

        GSkoro1.pdf

        -

        SPIE-05_Zensheu-USDC-modeling.pdf

        -
      • -

        Acoustic Elements [ZIP]

        +

        GSkoro1.pdf

        +
      • +

        Gasket Materials

        +

        (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Presentation on the gasket materials and companion interface elements, introduced at ANSYS 6.1 (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

        +
      • +

        General ANSYS Tips (5.5)

        +

        Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)

        +

        Where to get help
        +Insufficient disk space
        +Bulk compression mode
        +Choice of solver
        +Element Normals
        +Boolean operations on solid models
        +Meshing
        +Loading an array from a file
        +Using ETABLE and extracting the results to an array
        +Output when using the GUI
        +Generating editable WMF figures

        +
      • +

        High End Workbench Tip

        +

        PADT

        +

        Taken from PADT's SWAU group meeting on performing high-end analyses with Workbench Simulation.

        +
      • +

        Hill's Potential [ZIP]

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "For many years, ANSYS has 2D and 3D acoustic elements, including those used to model an “infinite” boundary. These elements can be used in modal, harmonic, and transient analyses, and fluid-structural interaction can also be accounted for in these simulations.

        -

        This memo hopes to review the following topics related to harmonic acoustic analyses: basic comparison of structural and acoustic elements, modeling complex impedance boundary conditions, and defining complex pressure loading. A set of input files, which analyze the case of a simple radiating sphere, is included with this memo."

        +

        "Anisotropic plasticity using Hill’s yield criterion was introduced in ANSYS 5.7, and the extensions to anisotropic creep and viscoplasticity were added in ANSYS 6.0. While Hill’s stress potential is most commonly used for rolled sheets, it can be used for other situations where three orthogonal planes of symmetry are preserved. This memo will introduce details of the usage of Hill’s potential in ANSYS."
        +(Week 50, week of 08/31/08)

      • -

        Beta Electrical Contact Features at 6.0 [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "This issue describes a beta feature at 6.0, which is electrical contact capability of 17x surface-to-surface contact elements. This new capability allows contact in thermal-electric and structural-thermal-electric problems."
        -(Week 13, week of 01/07/02.)

        +

        Human Heart Valves. Hyperelastic Material Modeling

        +

        Mihai Stuparu

        +

        "Performing a finite element analysis (FEA) on a hyperelastic material is difficult due to nonlinearity, large deformation, and material instability. This paper provides a brief review of the hyperelastic theory and discusses several important issues that should be addressed when using ANSYS. Analysis on a fatigue specimen is used as an example of one of our product development challenges upon which these issues were illuminated. We believe that a stable material model in combination with a good understanding of structural instability for traditional materials is the key to success in simulating hyperelastic materials using ANSYS."

      • -

        PDS and Nonlinear Runs [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "The Probabilistic Design System (PDS) of ANSYS provides a very powerful tool in understanding the effect of uncertainties in one’s design. The details of PDS are covered in the online help, so this memo will discuss the specific case of setting up serial and parallel PDS runs as well as performing nonlinear analyses with PDS."

        +

        Hyper-Elastic Contact Analysis of a Push-Button Diaphragm Seal

        +

        Jeffrey R. Annis

        +

        "Presented is the non-linear finite element analysis of a rubber diaphragm seal utilizied in a pushbutton design. Analysis considerations encompassed, nonlinear hyper-elastic material behavior of the rubber, large deflection analysis of seal complex motion, and contact analysis with mating parts. Design parameters of primary interest were, seal deflection patterns and seal actuation force as a function of travel."

      • -

        Using the WB Simulation Remote Solution Manager [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "Workbench Simulation has the ability to allow the user to solve multiple jobs locally or remotely. These capabilities are defined within the "Solution” branch of WB Simulation as well as in the WB Remote Solution Manager.
        -"This memo hopes to introduce this capability, especially with regards to solving multiple jobs locally on a Windows machine."
        -(Week 33, week of 04/02/06.)

        +

        IEEE00_LGC_umirror.pdf

        +

        +

        IEEE00_LGC_umirror.pdf

      • -

        APDL and Vector Operations [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "Vector and matrix operations in APDL are an invaluable method of manipulating array data, as they provide very fast, computationally efficient means of helping the user perform pre- or post-processing operations on the model.
        -There are many ways of storing data, ranging from arrays to tables to strings. Moreover, manipulation of numerical data can be in the form of vectors or matrices via the *Vxxx and *Mxxx commands, respectively. The user is referred to the APDL Programmer’s Guide in the ANSYS online help for a thorough discussion of the capabilities of APDL, but, in this memo, a basic introduction to vector operations will be covered."

        +

        IJSS2007.pdf

        +

        +

        IJSS2007.pdf

      • -

        Nonlinear Submodeling [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "Submodeling is often used to efficiently obtain solutions at local areas. Although submodeling may be commonly thought of as being applicable to linear static structural solutions, it can also be applied to nonlinear and transient analyses, as well as other disciplines. This memo hopes to cover the specific case of nonlinear static structural submodeling."
        -(Week 14, week of 01/14/02.)

        +

        IMAPS_Shivesh.PDF

        +

        +

        IMAPS_Shivesh.PDF

      • -

        QR Damped and Unsymmetric Stiffness [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "There have been significant enhancements to the QR Damped eigenvalue extraction method in the past several releases of ANSYS. At 8.0, the capability of including unsymmetric damping [C] matrix was introduced, along with support of damping defined via the DMPRAT and MDAMP commands.
        -ANSYS 8.1, the material-based constant damping ratio MP,DMPR allowed users to specify constant damping ratios per material ID in mode-superposition harmonic analyses, when used with the QRDAMP eigensolver. With the release of 9.0, QRDAMP also supports unsymmetric stiffness [K] matrix, output of complex eigenvectors, and the use of the PSOLVE command. This memo hopes to cover the use of QR Damped eigenvalue extraction method in friction problems, where an unsymmetric stiffness [K] matrix may be present. An example of this type of problem is brake squeal analyses, where the combination of ANSYS 17x contact elements and the QRDAMP eigensolver provide an easy-to-use, efficient means of determining unstable modes."

        +

        INTERP.zip

        +

        Vladimir Tkach (NPO Energomash)

        +

        "This example interpolates stress-strain curve by polynomial function - Strain=A1+A2StressA3Stress^2, in temperature area between Proportional, Yield and Ultimate stresses and reads it into ANSYS db-file."

      • -

        Preventing Rigid-Body Motion in Contact Problems [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "In contact problems run in a static manner, controlling rigid-body motion may sometimes be an issue under the following circumstances: (a) force-controlled systems or (b) multiple bodies with some parts unconstrained."

        -

        "This memo hopes to address some ways of controlling rigid-body motion in contact problems through the use of options available with the surface-to-surface contact elements."

        +

        IPACK2005-73239.pdf

        +

        +

        IPACK2005-73239.pdf

      • -

        PSD Calculation Efficiency [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "A very common use of PSD analyses is to look at the response of a system under a single base excitation, such as the case with many aerospace and civil applications. The default PSD settings are very general in nature and may consequently be inefficient for such a situation. This memo hopes to outline some ways in which the user may obtain more efficient PSD solutions for the specific instance of single base excitation with relatively flat spectrum (although some techniques may be extrapolated for other cases)."…An older doc I recently reanimated and updated…

        +

        Implicit Creep

        +

        (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Presentation on implicit creep (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

      • -

        Review of Anisotropy, Yield Criteria, Failure Criteria [PDF]

        +

        Improvements to Time-History Postprocessing at 6.0 [PDF]

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "This memo hopes to serve as a review of the basics of anisotropy, yield criteria, failure criteria, and the ANSYS procedure related to these topics."
        -(Week 15, week of 01/21/02.)

        +

        "This tips and tricks focuses on improvements at 6.0 on the Time-History postprocessor. (After I did this, I realized that a lot of this was already covered in the 6.0 Update seminar, but, oh well...)"

      • -

        PSD Postprocessing [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "PSD, or random vibration, analyses present some interesting challenges in postprocessing due to the nature of the assumptions related to the analysis. This memo hopes to address some of these items, including evaluation of derived stresses and calculation of response power spectral density."
        -…An older doc I recently reanimated and updated…

        +

        Integrating ANSYS with Modern Numerical Optimization Technologies

        +

        Shen-Yeh Chen

        +

        "Design automation with finite element analysis as a simulation and evaluation tool is becoming more and more desired. The ability to do automatic design iteration has constantly been a popular research and engineering topic. In this article, we will show how Honeywell Engines & Systems took advantage of the flexible environment of ANSYS to achieve this goal." (Optimization, APDL)

      • -

        Contact Wizard Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]

        +

        Introduction to the Residual Vector Method [ZIP]

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Describes some of the enhancements made to the Contact Wizard at ANSYS 6.0, including support of 17x contact elements' thermal features and ability to edit contact pair options through same interface.
        -(Week 5, week of 10/22/01.)

        +

        "The residual vector method can improve the accuracy of mode-superposition harmonic response or transient analyses, especially when the high-frequency content of the structure is excited. This memo provides details on how users can take advantage of this analysis technique introduced in ANSYS 11.0."

      • -

        Understanding the Response Surface Method in DesignXplorer [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "ANSYS DesignXplorer enables the user to perform optimization studies based on multiple objectives, to account for uncertainties in product design and use, and to determine how best to improve product reliability. These tasks are accomplished through the use of response surfaces, and this memo hopes to cover some of the basics of DesignXplorer operation."

        +

        Jewart_etd_2006.pdf

        +

        +

        Jewart_etd_2006.pdf

      • -

        Pressure Load Macro [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "In ANSYS, pressure loading via the SFx family of commands allows users to apply a force per unit area in a direction normal to the surface. Structural surface effect elements SURF153 and SURF154 extend pressure loading capabilities by allowing users to specify normal, tangential, or arbitrary distributed loading. In fact, for an arbitrary ‘distributed loading vector,’ the full or projected area may be used, with or without the tangential component of load. This type of loading can be useful in mimicking a bearing load (include tangential component) or wind loading (no tangential component), to name a couple of examples.
        -"Because of the fact that the vector-type of pressure loading can be based on full or projected area, with or without the tangential component, trying to determine an appropriate value for the loading can be cumbersome. The author has written a simple macro which can be used as an example in utilizing surface effects more effectively by allowing the user to specify the total force instead of pressure – the macro calculates the appropriate pressure value to be applied on the surface effect elements."
        -(Week 27, week of 07/04/04.)

        +

        Legend_Example.zip

        +

        Bob Weathers (Trane)

        +

        Example of customizing legend with annotations. See "Read Me"file for details, along with AVI animation."Essentially, I turn off the legend and write annotations into this area. It gives me considerable control over what appears there. I have also found that I can better communicate results to my customers by, say, having a legend that's reads 1.23 mils rather than 0.123E-02 inches or by referencing drawing and revision numbers, test results, material properties, and so on."
        +"You might need to change some of the character size and line spacing dimensions in the macros. Again, though, they work just fine for my hardware."

      • -

        Using the Radiosity Solver in Workbench Simulation [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Please note that in Workbench Mechanical 12.1, surface-to-surface radiation (using the Radiosity Solution Method) has been introduced in the GUI, so this memo is obsolete if you use version 12.1 and higher.
        -"Radiation can play an important role in heat transfer analyses. In Workbench Simulation 10.0, a “Radiation” load has been added to allow users to account for losses to the surroundings, although this does not include radiation exchange between surfaces.
        -For users wishing to utilize the ANSYS surface-to-surface radiation capabilities, this memo hopes to introduce an easy method to include these effects within Workbench Simulation via Named Selections and Command objects.
        -This type of methodology can be extended to include any other advanced solution feature of ANSYS which the user may wish to incorporate inside of Workbench Simulation."

        +

        LiPaperECF13.pdf

        +

        +

        LiPaperECF13.pdf

      • -

        Modeling Viscous Behavior [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "Amorphous solids or solids at elevated temperatures may exhibit viscous behavior. It may be difficult for some users to determine how best to model such behavior. This memo hopes to describe some available options in ANSYS and to differentiate between viscoelastic and viscoplastic constitutive models."

        +

        License monitoring and reporting [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        +

        Information on license monitoring and reporting for Elan (ANSYS 5.4-5.6). At 5.7, licensing has reverted back to FlexLM, and this document is not applicable.

      • -

        Undocumented Hyperelastic Material Models at 5.7-6.1 [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "From 5.7, the 18x series of elements support a variety of hyperelastic constitutive models, namely general polynomial, Mooney-Rivlin, Neo-Hookean, Arruda-Boyce, and Ogden. Four other models have been included in 5.7 onwards, although these are undocumented options for TB,HYPER. These four models consist of the Yeoh and Gent models for incompressible behavior and the Hyperfoam and Blatz-Ko options for compressible rubbers. This memo hopes to provide a summary of these material models and of the required input."

        +

        Load vs. displacement control in contact problems [PDF]

        +

        Karen Dhuyvetter (CSI)

        +

        Discussion on load vs. displacement control for contact problems.

      • -

        Using CMS in Workbench Simulation [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "At Workbench 11.0, the ANSYS Rigid Dynamics add-on module enables users to model complex kinematic assemblies, whereby system-level performance as well as accurate force loading on components can be obtained.
        -Although the parts in the assembly may initially be considered rigid, an interesting, related method is the use of component mode synthesis (CMS) to account for the flexibility of parts. This memo will attempt to cover a way in which users can incorporate CMS in their multibody analyses in Workbench Simulation."
        -[For version 12.0, use supplied "cms_use_v12.mac"instead of "cms_use.mac"- courtesy of D. Creech.]

        +

        Local Approximation Estimators For Algebraic Multigrid

        +

        Jan Mandel

        +

        "We are concerned with the development of Algebraic Multigrid (AMG) for symmetric, positive definite linear systems arizing from finite element discretization of elliptic partial differential equations. AMG methods attempt to create coarse levels from the algebraic system automatically, using no or only a minimum of additional information. The basic idea of the multigrid algorithm is that fine level error on which the smoothing process is not effective should be reduced by the coarse correction. Therefore, a-priori estimates of the approximation of fine level functions by coarse level function are important to guide the design of robust AMG methods."

      • -

        Spatially-Varying Pressure Loading in Workbench Simulation [ZIP]

        +

        Long Parameter and Component Names at 6.0 [ZIP]

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "Workbench Simulation 11.0 allows users not only to apply constant pressure loads or force vectors per unit area but also to utilize hydrostatic pressure loads and line pressure loads (force per unit length), and these can be defined as a function of time. Moreover, fluid pressures can be mapped from a steady-state or transient ANSYS CFX solution.
        -Despite these options, there may be situations where a user may want to import a predefined, spatially-varying pressure field from an external text file. This can be accomplished through the use of a “Commands” object and APDL tables, which this memo will introduce."
        -(Week 38, week of 07/01/07.)

        +

        "Starting from version 5.7, strings have been introduced to replace character arrays. Strings allow for up to 128 characters for APDL purposes, instead of the 8-letter limit of character parameters. The /INQUIRE command as well as string manipulation functions (see *GET online help) extend the usefulness of strings to retrieve and manipulate data. *VWRITE has also been enhanced to support C-format statements, useful in writing out long strings."
        +"At 6.0, the 8-character limitation on parameters, components, and /POST26 variables has been removed. Users can now specify up to 32 character for these items, allowing for much more descriptive names. In /POST26, variables can also be referred to by name when plotting or listing."

      • -

        User-Defined Hyperelasticity with USERHYPER [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "User-Programmable Features (UPFs) are an extremely useful feature for analysts that need additional advanced functionality, especially in the area of constitutive modeling.
        -TB,HYPER allows users to include many incompressible and compressible hyperelastic material behavior – Ogden, Arruda-Boyce, Gent, Yeoh, Blatz-Ko are but some of the available models. However, for those wishing to use a customized strain energy function, the USERHYPER.F subroutine is available."

        +

        M3302.pdf

        +

        +

        M3302.pdf

      • -

        User-Defined Creep Laws with USERCREEP [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "ANSYS provides 13 creep equations for use with implicit creep – these range from the simple Norton law to the hyperbolic sine form to the Blackburn model to a rational polynomial expression, to name a few – that can be used to model a range of creep behavior for metals. The TBFT command provides curve-fitting functionality for the user wishing to evaluate creep material parameters from test data. Also, the user can model anisotropic creep as well as combine implicit creep with rate-independent plasticity to model a wide range of complex material response.
        -Despite this wealth of features, however, one may wish to incorporate one’s own creep law into ANSYS. For example, a company may have their own creep equation with material parameters already defined and validated through testing. The built-in creep laws in ANSYS assume creep used in design rather than failure analysis, so the available creep laws are meant to model primary and secondary creep – consequently, another need to incorporate a user-defined creep law would arise when a user wants to include tertiary creep and/or to evaluate creep damage.
        -This memo will hope to address some aspects of writing one’s own user-defined creep law with the USERCREEP.F subroutine to address this issue."
        -Example using Anand's model.

        +

        MICROtec2000.pdf

        +

        +

        MICROtec2000.pdf

      • -

        Buckling in Workbench Simulation [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "Buckling may be a concern for some situations, where a user may need to modify the design to prevent buckling within a given load range. Conversely, failure analysis may need to be performed when a structure has collapsed.
        -ANSYS and Workbench Simulation have many tools to aid users in solving geometric instability problems, ranging from linear (eigenvalue) buckling to nonlinear, post-buckling analyses."
        -(Week 41, week of 10/14/07)

        +

        MPPH060.pdf

        +

        +

        MPPH060.pdf

      • -

        Acoustic Postprocessing [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "Acoustic analyses in ANSYS provides insight to the propagation of sound, and both visual and aural postprocessing can aid in this objective. This memo hopes to cover postprocessing methods for acoustic problems other than standard contour and XY plots."

        +

        MSM00_ANSYS_pds.pdf

        +

        +

        MSM00_ANSYS_pds.pdf

      • -

        CERIG vs RBE3, RIGID184 [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "Constraint equations provide many useful features in ANSYS, such as tying together dissimilar meshes, representing parts of the system not explicitly modeled, or distributing loads. Two automated methods of generating constraint equations are the CERIG and RBE3 commands. Because there is often confusion over their use, this memo hopes to provide some information on differences between the two methods.
        -"Constraint equations in ANSYS are linear, so they are not valid for large-rotation analyses. RIGID184 is a beta element in version 6.1 which provides rigid link/beam capabilities, valid for large-rotation problems. The latter part of this memo will cover some details of this undocumented feature, available in 6.1."

        +

        MSM00_ANSYS_romfin.pdf

        +

        +

        MSM00_ANSYS_romfin.pdf

      • -

        Understanding Lagrange Multipliers [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "Lagrange multipliers are a general term used in different areas of ANSYS, specifically contact and element formulation. This memo hopes to provide the user with a simplified introduction to the most important concepts in using elements with Lagrange multipliers, in hopes that some of the element options and solver selection can be better understood.
        -Currently, at ANSYS 6.0, the node-to-node gap element CONTA178 and the Mixed U-P formulation of the 18x elements (i.e., KEYOPT(6)>0) utilize Lagrange multipliers, so the discussion will focus on these elements."

        +

        MSM00_ANSYS_trefftz.pdf

        +

        +

        MSM00_ANSYS_trefftz.pdf

      • -

        Drucker-Prager Models [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "The Drucker-Prager material model is used for pressure-dependent inelastic behavior of materials such as soils, rock, concrete, and powder. Because ANSYS offers three different Drucker-Prager constitutive models, this memo hopes to provide a comparison of the available options."
        -(Week 44, week of 03/16/08)

        +

        MSM00_ANSYS_tzpcfin.pdf

        +

        +

        MSM00_ANSYS_tzpcfin.pdf

      • -

        Introduction to the Residual Vector Method [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "The residual vector method can improve the accuracy of mode-superposition harmonic response or transient analyses, especially when the high-frequency content of the structure is excited. This memo provides details on how users can take advantage of this analysis technique introduced in ANSYS 11.0."

        +

        MSM2001_paper.pdf

        +

        +

        MSM2001_paper.pdf

      • -

        Basics on Structural Damping (Addendum) [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "Since ANSYS 5.6, there have been numerous enhancements as well as facets of the software program that have changed, including treatment of damping. This article is meant to serve as an addendum to Section 6 of the author’s "Structural Damping"memo, which was written in October, 2000."

        +

        MSM99_ANSYS_trans126.pdf

        +

        +

        MSM99_ANSYS_trans126.pdf

      • -

        Chaboche Nonlinear Kinematic Hardening Model [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "The Chaboche nonlinear kinematic hardening model was added in ANSYS 5.6 to complement the existing isotropic and kinematic hardening rules that users relied on. Despite its availability for nearly ten years as of the time of this writing, the Chaboche model has enjoyed limited popularity, in part because of the perceived complexity of calibrating the material parameters. This memo hopes to introduce the basics related to the Chaboche nonlinear kinematic model."
        -(Week 47, week of 05/04/08)

        +

        MSM99_CNRS_umirror.pdf

        +

        +

        MSM99_CNRS_umirror.pdf

      • -

        User-Defined Output with USEROUT.F [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "There are various situations where a user may wish to define specific type of output to postprocess — this can range from simple evaluation of safety factors to more involved damage calculations. While APDL, the ANSYS command language, allows users to manipulate results in any manner one sees fit, user-programmable features (UPFs) also provide a means for users to calculate specific output results efficiently at the solution level."
        -Example of calculating fatigue and Cap (Extended Drucker-Prager) output.

        +

        MSM99_IMT_upump.pdf

        +

        +

        MSM99_IMT_upump.pdf

      • -

        Viscoelasticity [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "Viscoelastic constitutive models allow users to analyze the time-dependent relaxation or creep behavior of materials, including glass, polymers, solid rocket propellants, to name a few. One may view viscoelastic materials as containing an elastic and viscous component, similar to a spring and dashpot in series. This memo will introduce viscoelastic input in ANSYS and as well as cover curve-fitting procedures."

        +

        MSM99_LIMMS_piezo.pdf

        +

        +

        MSM99_LIMMS_piezo.pdf

      • -

        Hill's Potential [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "Anisotropic plasticity using Hill’s yield criterion was introduced in ANSYS 5.7, and the extensions to anisotropic creep and viscoplasticity were added in ANSYS 6.0. While Hill’s stress potential is most commonly used for rolled sheets, it can be used for other situations where three orthogonal planes of symmetry are preserved. This memo will introduce details of the usage of Hill’s potential in ANSYS."
        -(Week 50, week of 08/31/08)

        +

        MSM99_ULM_cvd.pdf

        +

        +

        MSM99_ULM_cvd.pdf

      • -

        Using PSOLVE [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Although most often used for large-deflection prestressed modal analyses, PSOLVE has other applications which make it attractive to use, especially for large models.

        -

        PSOLVE can be used for the following situations:

        -

        Precise mass calculations
        -Detailed listing of contact pair information
        -Evaluation of tabular boundary conditions and loads

        -

        Since PSOLVE is a partial solution (namely, calculation of element matrices), it is usually much faster than performing an actual solution. Hence, the user may obtain any (or all) of the above three types of information prior to running an actual analysis, which can be a valuable way of verifying model input and settings prior to solution.

        -

        (Week 20, week of 07/14/02.)

        -
      • -

        Compiling UPFs and Creating Customized ANSYS Executables [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "ANSYS User Programmable Features (UPFs) are quite powerful means of customizing ANSYS beyond the scripting capabilities of the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). Writing one’s own constitutive models or complex loading functions or even creating a user-defined element are possible with UPFs.

        -

        Because some users may find it challenging to get started using UPFs, this memo hopes to discuss general issues related to compiling and linking a customized version of ANSYS for Windows and Linux environments."

        -

        (Week 51, week of 02/08/09)

        +

        MSM99_UMN_ufluidic.pdf

        +

        +

        MSM99_UMN_ufluidic.pdf

      • -

        Contact Analysis Tips [PDF]

        +

        Manipulating FE Mesh [ZIP]

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "Generally speaking, nonlinear analyses involving contact can be quite challenging to solve when the contacting area changes during the load history. However, ANSYS Workbench Simulation has very robust contact technology, along with diagnostic tools that can help the user obtain converged, accurate solutions. This memo hopes to discuss some tips related to contact analyses in hopes of aiding the user who encounters difficulties when solving contact analyses."

        +

        "There are some special situations where a user may be required to generate or manipulate a database consisting mainly of finite element entities without solid model geometry. With some careful planning, dealing with mesh-only databases can prove to be relatively easy.

        +

        Typical situations that may arise include the following:

        +

        Import of mesh from Workbench Simulation or AI*Environment/ICEM CFD
        +Generation of repetitive geometry

        +

        This memo hopes to cover these situations in more detail."

      • -

        PSD Postprocessing of Relative Displacement [ZIP]

        +

        Manual Calculation of Strain Energy Density [ZIP]

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "PSD users may wish to determine the relative 1-sigma results between two points. This memo covers three methods to perform this operation, in hopes that it will give users more familiarity with PSD postprocessing in ANSYS."

        +

        "Output of elastic, plastic, and creep strain energy densities (SEND) was introduced in ANSYS 6.0, although this is limited to 18x elements in nonlinear analyses. Users whose models include core elements with plasticity and creep may also wish to obtain these quantities, and this memo hopes to review this procedure."
        +(Week 22, week of 12/22/02.)

      • -

        STI0904_USERFC.zip

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "The FC command provides users with the ability to predict first-ply failure using maximum strain, maximum stress, or Tsai-wu failure criteria. In ANSYS 12.0.1, users can also take advantage of the userfc subroutine to define up to nine different criteria.
        -This memo reviews the userfc subroutine, and a sample implementation of the Hashin criterion is included."

        +

        Mass property calculation methods [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        +

        This memo covers some ways to determine mass properties of an ANSYS model.

      • -

        Basics on Structural Damping [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        This is an old document I wrote a while ago on damping which I sometimes use. Although written back at version 5.6, it is still applicable at version 7.0.
        -"Damping is required in many dynamic applications, yet because there are many ways to include it, there is often confusion regarding the implementation of damping in ANSYS. This memo hopes to provide a general summary of the representation of damping available in ANSYS."

        +

        Memory management and configuration [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        +

        Memo on memory management and configuration, especially in conjunction with the PCG solver and options in linear static analyses.

      • -

        Flotran Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "There have been several enhancements to Flotran at 6.0. These changes include more robust default settings, an additional advection scheme, a new coupling algorithm, and improvements to the ALE mesh morpher."

        +

        Mesh Discretization Error and Criteria for Accuracy of Finite Element Solutions

        +

        Chandresh Shah

        +

        "Any finite element analysis performed by an engineer is subject to several types of errors that can compromise the validity of the results. These errors can be broadly classified under the following categories: 1) user error - incorrect usage of FE software or input by the FE analyst, 2) errors due to assumptions and simplifications used in the model and 3) errors due to insufficient mesh discretization. User errors can be prevented by developing and utilizing a comprehensive pre and post processing checklist and by appropriate training in the basics of finite element analysis and usage of FE software. Errors due to modeling assumptions and simplifications can be alleviated by adding complexity to the model so that it better represents the physics of the problem being analyzed. Errors due to the inadequacy or coarseness of the mesh are often overlooked by the analyst. These errors due to mesh discretization can be fixed by evaluating the quality of the mesh and by developing and utilizing criteria that characterize the accuracy of the FE solution. This paper describes the source of mesh discretization error and presents several criteria that can be used by an FE analyst to evaluate the accuracy of the FE solution."

        +

        [ANSYS 5.7, 2002 Conference]

      • -

        Manual Calculation of Strain Energy Density [ZIP]

        +

        Meshing in Workbench [PDF]

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "Output of elastic, plastic, and creep strain energy densities (SEND) was introduced in ANSYS 6.0, although this is limited to 18x elements in nonlinear analyses. Users whose models include core elements with plasticity and creep may also wish to obtain these quantities, and this memo hopes to review this procedure."
        -(Week 22, week of 12/22/02.)

        +

        "Mechanical users have long enjoyed access to a variety of powerful meshing tools inside of ANSYS to generate high-quality shell, tetrahedral, and swept meshes. During the past several years, meshing in ANSYS Workbench Simulation has not only grown to encompass traditional meshing algorithms in ANSYS but has also developed many features requested by ANSYS users as well as integrated meshing technologies from ANSYS CFX and ANSYS ICEM CFD."

      • -

        Plasticity Hardening Rules [ZIP]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "ANSYS has a wide range of constitutive models and element technology available to the user. In this memo, the basics of isotropic and kinematic hardening for plasticity will be discussed, specifically related to proportional/non-proportional, monotonic/cyclic loading, and finite strain applications."

        +

        Methods for Modeling Bolts in the Bolted Joint

        +

        Jerome Montgomery

        +

        "Modeling bolts for three-dimensional finite element applications have, and still continue to raise questions. The limitations on model size sometimes make modeling of solid bolts impractical. Therefore, many analysts choose other methods to model bolts. Line elements with coupled nodes and line elements with spider beams are a couple of alternative approaches. This paper looks at a few methods for modeling pretension bolted joints using the finite element method (ANSYS 5.7). Pretension is modeled using ANSYS pretension elements (PRETS179) which can be used on solid or line element types. Surface-to-surface contact elements are used to account for varying contact distribution along flanges. Bolt head and nut behavior is modeled by, coupled nodes, beam elements, rigid body elements (RBE3), or solids. Bolt stud is modeled by solid elements, beam elements, pipe elements, or link elements. The choice of line elements versus solid elements is determined by the degree of complexity sought. The pros and cons of different simulations are also discussed."

      • Modal Cyclic Symmetry Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        "At ANSYS 6.0, the modal cyclic symmetry procedure has been significantly improved. New commands, CYCLIC and CYCOPT, replace the older CYCGEN and CYCSOL macros and provide more flexibility and ease-of-use."

      • -

        Radiosity Solver [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Information on radiation capabilities of ANSYS, focusing on the radiosity solution method.
        -Accompanying input files 1, 2, 3 and 4

        -
      • -

        Structural Beam Elements Overview [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        -

        An overview of beam elements available in ANSYS, including the new BEAM188/189 elements and differences between thin and thick beams.

        +

        Modeling Diesel Engine Cylinder Head Gaskets using the Gasket Material Option of the SOLID185 Element

        +

        Jonathan Raub

        +

        "The modeling of diesel engine cylinder head gasket joints is complicated by the nonlinear response of the head gasket’s materials. Linearization of these material responses can lead to significant errors in the solution’s results. The 1-dimensional nonlinear approximation made by the Gasket material option of the SOLID185 element sufficiently captures the response of the nonlinear gasket materials while maintaining practical solution times for the large model sizes associated with multi-cylinder head gasket joint models. This paper will give an overview of the model building and assembly process used to create a head gasket joint model, describe the nonlinear nature of the materials used in the model, and present comparisons of the model’s results with experimental measurements."

        +

        [STI: There is a gasket-specific material & element in 6.1, not available at the time of the writing]

      • -

        Save Working Loads

        -

        -

        Iterative Determination of Save Working Loads (SWL) for Crawler Cranes

        +

        Modeling Viscous Behavior [ZIP]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "Amorphous solids or solids at elevated temperatures may exhibit viscous behavior. It may be difficult for some users to determine how best to model such behavior. This memo hopes to describe some available options in ANSYS and to differentiate between viscoelastic and viscoplastic constitutive models."

      • -

        Shape Memory Alloy

        +

        Modeling preloaded bolts [PDF]

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Short PDF describing differences between the superelastic and shape memory effect options for Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) material model. Simple input file can be downloaded here.

        +

        Modeling preload in bolts via contact offset, thermal contraction, or the new pretension elements PRETS179.
        +PRELOAD1, PRELOAD2, and PRELOAD3 input files

      • -

        SolderTMC.pdf

        -

        -

        SolderTMC.pdf

        +

        Multi-Criteria Shape Optimization of a Funnel in Cathode Ray Tubes Using Response Surface Model

        +

        Tae Hee Lee, Kwangki Lee, Kwang Soon Lee

        +

        "The ultimate goal of simulation that represents the behaviour of structures is to optimize their response performances within the specific requirements and needs with respect to the design variables. The first step of the design of cathode ray tubes is to design the glass geometry, called funnel geometry, to endure the vacuum stress because it is a main structure of cathode ray tubes. In order to create 3-dimensional funnel geometry in the cathode ray tubes, higher order response surface model is used instead of NURBS (non-uniform rational B-splines) or Bezier curve because it is more robust for understanding the geometry change in finite element analysis. By combining finite element analysis, response surface model and sequential quadratic programming within the process integration framework, the shape optimization of a funnel is successfully performed and the maximum stress is reduced to almost half of the current one."

      • -

        Sparse Solver Improvements [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "There have been various sparse solver improvements in each release of ANSYS. This memo hopes to cover some general information on the solvers available in ANSYS as well as performance improvements between ANSYS 5.6 and 6.0 related to linear static analyses."

        +

        Multiframe Restarts [PDF]

        +

        Sean Harvey (CSI)

        +

        Memo covering the multiframe restart capability (RESCON) in ANSYS.
        +Accompanying input file

      • -

        Human Heart Valves. Hyperelastic Material Modeling

        -

        Mihai Stuparu

        -

        "Performing a finite element analysis (FEA) on a hyperelastic material is difficult due to nonlinearity, large deformation, and material instability. This paper provides a brief review of the hyperelastic theory and discusses several important issues that should be addressed when using ANSYS. Analysis on a fatigue specimen is used as an example of one of our product development challenges upon which these issues were illuminated. We believe that a stable material model in combination with a good understanding of structural instability for traditional materials is the key to success in simulating hyperelastic materials using ANSYS."

        +

        Neighborhood-based Element Sizing Control for Finite Element Surface Meshing [PDF]

        +

        Steven Owen, and Sunil Saigal

        +

        "A method is presented for controlling element sizes on the interior of areas during surface meshing. A Delaunay background mesh is defined over which a neighborhood based interpolation scheme is used to interpolate element sizes."

      • -

        Surface Effect Elements, General Overview

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        An overview presentation and example workshop on generating surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed.

        +

        Nested macros, local parameters, trailing underscores

        +

        Martin Herrenbruck (Technische Universität München)

        +

        "A macro file is a file which contains Ansys commands. If you save your macro in your working directory or in the macro directory (see /PSEARCH command) you just enter the macro name in the command line and all these commands will be executed. You can even nest macros: from your main file you call e.g. zzmacro1 which again calls zzmacro2. The only problem is that a macro could change - and you would probably not notice that - the value of a parameter you are using in your main input file. This will be the case if the same parameter name is used accidentally in both the macro and your main input. Let's see how one can avoid these nasty errors - just click on the link!"

      • -

        T51-01.pdf

        -

        -

        T51-01.pdf

        +

        Non-Linear Elastic Properties of the Lingual and Facial Tissues Assessed by Indentation Technique: Application to the Biomechanics of Speech Production

        +

        J.M. Gerard, J. Ohayon, V. Luboz, P. Perrier, Y. Paya

        +

        "This paper aims at characterizing the mechanical behavior of two human anatomical structures, namely the tongue and the cheek. For this, an indentation experiment was provided, by measuring the mechanical response of tongue and cheek tissues removed from the fresh cadaver of a 74 year old woman. Non-linear relationships were observed between the force applied to the tissues and the corresponding displacements. To infer the mechanical constitutive laws from these measurements, a finite element (FE) analysis was provided. This analysis aimed at simulating the indentation experiment. An optimization process was used to determine the FE constitutive laws that provided the non-linear force/displacements observed during the indentation experiments. The tongue constitutive law was used for simulations provided by a 3D FE biomechanical model of the human tongue. This dynamical model was designed to study speech production. Given a set of tongue muscular commands, which levels correspond to the force classically measured during speech production, the FE model successfully simulated the main tongue movements observed during speech data."
        +[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 5.7]

        +
      • +

        Non-linear Finite Element Modeling of the Titanium Briquettes Hot Extrusion Process

        +

        Alexey I. Borovkov, Denis V. Shevchenko

        +

        "In this paper the mathematical model is developed to perform mathematical simulation of the hot extrusion process. The model makes it possible to observe the influence of various system parameters on the extrusion process. All researches were carried out with the use of the ANSYS 5.6 RFS FE-software system. During the research the modeling and analysis of various events that can be observed (material dead zone appearing, capsule crimping, capsule damage etc.) was successfully carried out. The mathematical model was created on the basis of contact thermo-mechanics relations with physical and geometrical non-linearities."

      • -

        Fast Nonlinear Transient Thermal Solver [PDF]

        +

        Nonlinear Contact Analysis Techniques Using ANSYS

        (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Information on the fast nonlinear thermal solution method (THOPT), beta in 5.6 and documented in 5.7

        +

        Presentation on various aspects of 17x contact technology (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

      • -

        Tabular Boundary Conditions and Function Editor at 6.0 [PDF]

        +

        Nonlinear Submodeling [ZIP]

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "This tips and tricks is an introductory memo on the use of tabular and function boundary conditions. The use of the Function Editor is also discussed."

        +

        "Submodeling is often used to efficiently obtain solutions at local areas. Although submodeling may be commonly thought of as being applicable to linear static structural solutions, it can also be applied to nonlinear and transient analyses, as well as other disciplines. This memo hopes to cover the specific case of nonlinear static structural submodeling."
        +(Week 14, week of 01/14/02.)

      • -

        The Building Blocks of Simulation: A New Family of Elements for Stress Analysis

        -

        (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Presentation on 18x family of elements (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS"seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

        +

        Nonlinear monitoring [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Memo covering the benefits of the jobname.mntr file and the MONITOR command in nonlinear analyses.

      • -

        Towards Automated Determination of USERMAT for the Nonlinear Constitutive Behavior of Composites

        -

        J. Michopoulos, P. Mast, R. Badaliance, L. Gause, T. Chwastyk, R. Foerch

        -

        "Recent advances in finite element techniques and design optimization integration technologies along with the parallel hardware and software evolution have directed the CMS group to turn its attention to utilizing "of the shelf"technology of achieving the same goals. Thus, the "Z-mat"and "Z-Optim"packages from Northwest Numerics, Inc., have been utilized to extract the non-linear constitutive response from the available experimental data in an integrated and automated manner and in conjunction with the ANSYS/Mechanical infrastructure. The automation lies on the fact that the process automatically generates the code of a "USERMAT"subroutine that it can be subsequently used with any geometry and loading specification definable within the limits of ANSYS' non-linear element library. The geometry of the single notched specimen of NRL's In Plane has been used for developing and verifying the process."

        +

        Numerial Implementation of Multiaxial High-Cycle Fatigue Criterion to Structural Optimization

        +

        Miroslaw Mrzyglód, Andrzej P. Zielinski

        +

        "Modern multiaxial high-cycle fatigue criteria were investigated with respect to their application in structural optimization procedures coupled with finite element codes. As a result of tests carried out for several fatigue criteria, the Dang Van hypothesis was used for the detailed numerical study. A way of respective adapting the high-cycle load history was also suggested. The complete algorithm of the fatigue optimization was illustrated by applying the proposed procedures to vehicle parts which are subject to high-cycle loadings. The finite element code ANSYS was used in the structural modeling."

        +

        [ANSYS Structural, version 8.1]

      • -

        Transmission of Mechanical Stresses within the Cytoskeleton of Adherent Cells: a Theoretical Analysis Based on a Multi-Component Cell Model

        -

        Philippe Tracqui and Jacques Ohayon

        -

        "We investigate here the spatial distributions of intracellular stresses when adherent cells are probed by magnetic twisting cytometry. The influence of the cell nucleus stiffness on the simulated nonlinear torque-bead rotation response is analyzed by considering a finite element multi-component cell model in which the cell and its nucleus are considered as different hyperelastic materials. We additionally take into account the mechanical properties of the basal cell cortex, which can be affected by the interaction of the basal cell membrane with the extracellular substrate. In agreement with data obtained on epithelial cells, the simulated behaviour of the cell model relates the hyperelastic response observed at the entire cell scale to the distribution of stresses and strains within the nucleus and the cytoskeleton, up to cell adhesion areas. These results, which indicate how mechanical forces are transmitted at distant points through the cytoskeleton, are compared to recent data imaging the highly localized distribution of intracellular stresses."[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 6.0]

        +

        Numerical Simulations of Flat-walled Diffuser Elements for Valveless Micropumps [PDF]

        +

        Anders Olsson, Goran Stemme, and Erik Stemme

        +

        Use of ANSYS/Flotran for analysis of micropump. (MEMS)

      • -

        Tu.4.7.4.pdf

        -

        -

        Tu.4.7.4.pdf

        +

        Off-Axis Loads Cause Failure of the Distal Radius at Lower Magnitudes than Axial Loads: A Finite Element Analysis

        +

        Karen L. Troy and Mark D. Grabiner

        +

        "Distal radius fractures are among the most common fall-related injuries in older women. Numerous studies have quantified upper extremity fall biomechanics with the goal of identifying possible interventions to reduce the peak force on the wrists, thereby reducing the number of fractures. Fracture initiation depends both on the force applied to the bone and upon the strength of the bone itself; thus, poor bone quality has been implicated as a factor in distal radius fractures. Generally, an intervention to improve bone quality (such as antiresorptive therapy) is considered successful if bone mineral density (BMD) can be increased by 2-4%.
        +Cadaver and finite element studies have previously quantified the force required to cause a distal radius fracture. To date, however, only simple axial loads on the radius have been considered. Because most falls onto the hands result in off-axis loads, we considered the possibility that a combination of loading modes would significantly influence the fracture strength of the distal radius. Here, we used a validated finite element model of the distal radius, scaphoid, and lunate, to explore the effects of loading direction and changes in BMD on predicted fracture strength."
        +[ANSYS Structural, version 10.0]

        +
      • +

        On Stress Analysis For a Hyperelastic Material [PDF]

        +

        Xiao-Yan Gong and Riyand Moe

        +

        Paper using ANSYS 5.5 for characterizing hyperelastic materials with Mooney-Rivlin

      • -

        Tunneling-Accelerometer-Paper.pdf

        +

        PAC1991_2197.pdf

        -

        Tunneling-Accelerometer-Paper.pdf

        +

        PAC1991_2197.pdf

      • -

        Using Abbreviations to Customize the Toolbar [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "The ANSYS Toolbar provides a useful means of accessing commonly-used functions, especially for users who use the GUI rather than typing in commands."

        -

        "This memo hopes to provide a brief introduction to the ANSYS Toolbar and, more importantly, how to assign macros or specific dialog boxes to the Toolbar buttons, including Fnc_ UIDL granules or ~eui Tcl/Tk dialog boxes."

        +

        PDF file summarizing beta contact features at 5.6.1 [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        +

        Presentation on the thermal contact and fluid pressure capabilities of the surface-to-surface contact elements. This was written when these capabilities were beta at 5.6. Thermal capabilites are documented at 5.7.
        +Accompanying thermal contact example and fluid pressure example

      • -

        VectorRotation.zip

        -

        Bob Weathers (Trane)

        -

        "These macros rotate a matrix of vectors from one set of Euler angles to another. One macro creates the rotation matrix and a second does the rotation. To test the macros, a pressurized cylinder (or optionally a sphere) is built, meshed, and solved in 6 different coordinate systems. To check accuracy, results are rotated from one CSYS to another by the macros and then compared to ANSYS. Set your text editor's tab stops to 2 for macro readability."

        -

        In the zip file, "zTestRotationVector.mac"is the test model macro, and "zRotateVector.mac"is the main macro to rotate vectors.

        -

        Update 02/07/2009: correction to zRotateVector.mac provided by David Creech.

        +

        PDS and Nonlinear Runs [ZIP]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "The Probabilistic Design System (PDS) of ANSYS provides a very powerful tool in understanding the effect of uncertainties in one’s design. The details of PDS are covered in the online help, so this memo will discuss the specific case of setting up serial and parallel PDS runs as well as performing nonlinear analyses with PDS."

      • -

        Visualizing structural matrices in ANSYS using APDL

        -

        Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "This article presents a method of visualizing structural matrices used in finite-element analysis using ANSYS and the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). The information is intended to provide some insight into the nature of structural matrices used in finite-element codes. Some terms used in sparse-matrix arithmetic are discussed, and methods for calculating certain quantities are provided. A test model is constructed to demonstrate how the stiffness, mass, and damping matrices may be visualized for various systems. The effect of element shape, element type (including superelements), element reordering, and equation reordering on structural matrices is briefly investigated."

        +

        POW2MAT.zip

        +

        Carl Olsard (noiseboard.com)

        +

        "This is a simple program written in Turbo pascal which I find very useful for converting the output from ANSYS (prvar, prnsol, etc) into columns, while removing the headers at the start and between the page listings. The program is used at a DOS prompt and one types in: pow2mat col filein fileout , where col are the number of columns in the output, filein MUST have an extension .val and fileout WILL have an extension .txt. You do NOT type in the extensions, they are default. For example, you would type pow2mat 7 nodelist nodelist which would extract 7 columns from the file nodelist.val and write a stripped file called nodelist.txt . If you have several files to convert, you can use the DOS FOR command as follows:
        +FOR %I IN (*.val) DO pow2mat 3 %~nI %~nI"

      • -

        WEP125G.pdf

        +

        PPPL-3321.pdf

        -

        WEP125G.pdf

        -
      • -

        Converting piezoelectric data [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        -

        Conversion of material properties of piezoelectric ceramics (such as PZT) has caused many users confusion because of the difference between manufacturer-supplied data and the format required by ANSYS. This memo hopes to clarify this point and to provide users with information on conversion routines. Accompanying Spreadsheet.

        -
      • -

        Thermal Surface Effect Elements Intro [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        -

        Introduction to thermal surface effect elements (SURF151/152).

        +

        PPPL-3321.pdf

        +
      • +

        PRESSURE_MAC.zip

        +

        Hursha Narayan (Robert Bosch Corporation)

        +

        "I have written a macro that calculates the total force along the three axes from applied pressure. I find this macro to be useful just to make sure that the pressure I'm applying on a curved surface is accurate and also it gives a feel for the mesh discretization where the pressure is applied. The user has to basically identify the elements with a particular magnitude of pressure and save the list file (SFELIS.lis). The macro does everything else automatically. The downside to the macro is:

        +
          +
        1. Right now it only handles 10 node tet elements.
          2. +
        2. The pressure has to be uniform
          +The user will have to modify some of the fields in the macro as well as the c-shell file prescalc."
          3. +
        +
      • +

        PSD Calculation Efficiency [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "A very common use of PSD analyses is to look at the response of a system under a single base excitation, such as the case with many aerospace and civil applications. The default PSD settings are very general in nature and may consequently be inefficient for such a situation. This memo hopes to outline some ways in which the user may obtain more efficient PSD solutions for the specific instance of single base excitation with relatively flat spectrum (although some techniques may be extrapolated for other cases)."…An older doc I recently reanimated and updated…

      • -

        Memory management and configuration [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        -

        Memo on memory management and configuration, especially in conjunction with the PCG solver and options in linear static analyses.

        +

        PSD Postprocessing [ZIP]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "PSD, or random vibration, analyses present some interesting challenges in postprocessing due to the nature of the assumptions related to the analysis. This memo hopes to address some of these items, including evaluation of derived stresses and calculation of response power spectral density."
        +…An older doc I recently reanimated and updated…

      • -

        Nonlinear monitoring [PDF]

        +

        PSD Postprocessing of Relative Displacement [ZIP]

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Memo covering the benefits of the jobname.mntr file and the MONITOR command in nonlinear analyses.

        +

        "PSD users may wish to determine the relative 1-sigma results between two points. This memo covers three methods to perform this operation, in hopes that it will give users more familiarity with PSD postprocessing in ANSYS."

      • -

        Converting pressures to nodal forces [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        -

        Tip on converting element pressures to nodal forces. This can be useful for mode superposition methods where LVSCALE may not be suitable.
        -SI_P2F Macro and test input file.

        +

        Parameter Studies For Enhanced Integrity Of Reciprocating Compressor Foundation Blocks

        +

        Jayant S. Mandke, Anthony J. Smalley

        +

        "The model development and analyses of reinforced concrete block used the ANSYS finite element program."

      • -

        Multiframe Restarts [PDF]

        +

        Parametric Studies in ANSYS [PDF]

        Sean Harvey (CSI)

        -

        Memo covering the multiframe restart capability (RESCON) in ANSYS.
        -Accompanying input file

        +

        Automated parametric studies in ANSYS (generating and using parametric input files).

      • -

        Windows file association for ANSYS files [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        -

        How to associate database, graphics, and input files with ANSYS under Windows, so one can launch ANSYS more easily without the ANSYS launcher.

        +

        Patient Specific Spine Models - Development Of A Laboratory Intervertebral Disc For Validation Of The Models

        +

        A. Mohsen, D. J. Siddall, P. Gillespie, S. Julian and M. J. Fagan

        +

        "This research project is aimed at evaluating the feasibility of the modelling technique through the development of an artificial validation spine. The validation spine will be tested under controlled laboratory conditions and the results used to verify those found from analysis of the computer model. The intervertebral disc is the most critical component in the spine. Thus, the initial aim of this research was to develop a representative artificial disc. Concurrent development of a finite element model of the disc permits development theories to be analysed and laboratory results to be verified."

      • -

        Structural Shell Elements Overview [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        -

        Overview of structural shell elements in ANSYS, including differences between thin and thick shells, drilling DOF, etc.

        +

        Physics first, using ANSYS to define the design: Real-life examples from the automotive supplier company Mannesmann VDO

        +

        Zlatko Penzar

        +

        "In many non-standard engineering development applications it strongly pays off to invest an effort into understanding the physics of the problem prior to undertaking complex numerical simulations. The better the knowledge of the leading physical effects in a complex system, the simpler and more cost-efficient the analytical model can be. Moreover, the understanding of the most important physical driving effects often enables one to build a simplified, closed-form mathematical effective model. Such models usually give insight into the interplay of various parameters governing the physical behavior of the complex system. In this way, a fast pre-optimization of the desired features is often possible. Subsequently, the rich arsenal of ANSYS multiphysics capabilities can be used to refine the judgements and obtain the desired quantitative solutions."

      • -

        Patient Specific Spine Models - Development Of A Laboratory Intervertebral Disc For Validation Of The Models

        -

        A. Mohsen, D. J. Siddall, P. Gillespie, S. Julian and M. J. Fagan

        -

        "This research project is aimed at evaluating the feasibility of the modelling technique through the development of an artificial validation spine. The validation spine will be tested under controlled laboratory conditions and the results used to verify those found from analysis of the computer model. The intervertebral disc is the most critical component in the spine. Thus, the initial aim of this research was to develop a representative artificial disc. Concurrent development of a finite element model of the disc permits development theories to be analysed and laboratory results to be verified."

        +

        Pilsen00.pdf

        +

        +

        Pilsen00.pdf

      • -

        Clustering Results Around Peaks for Full-Harmonic Analyses in ANSYS

        -

        Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "This article presents a method for obtaining full harmonic solutions clustered around potential peak responses. Full harmonic analyses provide exact solutions, typically calculated at equally spaced intervals over the desired frequency range. Mode-superposition analyses, however, provide approximate solutions, but can be clustered around potential resonant peaks. The hybrid method discussed in this article uses a modal solution to determine natural frequencies, which are then used to calculate clusters of points surrounding those frequencies. Full harmonic solutions can then be performed at these clustered points. Examples and input les are provided in order to utilize this method."

        +

        Plasticity Hardening Rules [ZIP]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "ANSYS has a wide range of constitutive models and element technology available to the user. In this memo, the basics of isotropic and kinematic hardening for plasticity will be discussed, specifically related to proportional/non-proportional, monotonic/cyclic loading, and finite strain applications."

      • -

        acton20080825-condition_number.pdf

        -

        Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "This article presents an overview of the condition number for a matrix and the potential effect of ill conditioning on the solution of a system of linear equations. The information is intended to be general, although specific information relevant to finite-element analysis is also included. Vector and matrix norms are introduced before defining the condition number, and the choice of matrix norm in the calculation of the condition number is discussed. A method of estimating the condition number is also provided, including a sample implementation in the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL)."

        +

        Plotting Entities and Graphs in Multiple Windows [PDF]

        +

        David Haberman (CSI)

        +

        ANSYS 5.4 through 5.6 allow users to plot multiple entities (keypoints, lines, areas, volumes, nodes, and elements) in a given window. Prior to ANSYS 5.4, a user was required to plot entities on top of one another, like transparencies. Furthermore, multi-plotting also allows a user to generate graphs. The following memo discusses how the ANSYS multi-plotting feature works.

      • -

        ahieke.pdf

        -

        -

        ahieke.pdf

        +

        Post Refinement Element Shape Improvement for Quadrilaterial Meshes [PDF]

        +

        Matthew L. Staten and Scott A. Canann

        +

        "This paper presents techniques for improving the quality of quadrilateral meshes after Schneiders' refinement. Improvement techniques use topology and node valence optimization rather than shape metrics. Hence, improvement is computationally inexpensive."

      • -

        Finite Element Analysis To Investigate The Significance Of Functional Gradients In Dental Restorations [PDF]

        -

        Tan Kok Wai, Alex and Anand Asundi

        -

        Use of SOLID46 element.

        +

        Postprocessing Harmonic Results [ZIP]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "In harmonic analyses, due to the fact that results may not be in phase, postprocessing quantities of interest can pose a challenge. Users may need to review non-sinusoidal results, such as equivalent stresses, at different locations, so accounting for phase information may be required.
        +This memo hopes to cover some of the more important points regarding postprocessing structural harmonic analysis results in both the General and Time-History Postprocessors."

      • -

        Advancing Analysis Capabilities In ANSYS Through Solver Technology

        -

        Gene Poole, Yong-Cheng Liu, and Jan Mandel

        -

        "This paper will describe implementation considerations for the addition of new solver technology to a large legacy code, compare resource requirements for the various solver choices and present some comparative results from several customer generated problems. The AMG solver benefits, both in improved robustness and parallel processing efficiency will be described. The paper will also discuss some of the implementation challenges that have been overcome to add new solver technology to a large existing code. The role of solver technology in meeting current and future demands of large scale commercial analysis codes will be discussed."

        +

        Predicting Human Thermal Comfort in a Transient Nonuniform Thermal Environment

        +

        J.P. Rugh, R.B. Farrington, D. Bharathan, A. Vlahinos, R. Burke, C. Huizenga, and H. Zhang

        +

        "The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has developed a suite of thermal comfort tools to assist in the development of smaller and more efficient climate control systems in automobiles. These tools, which include a 126-segment sweating manikin, a finite element physiological model of the human body, and a psychological model based on human subject testing, are designed to predict human thermal comfort in transient nonuniform thermal environments such as automobiles. The manikin measures the heat loss from the human body in the vehicle environment and sends the heat flux from each segment to the physiological model. The physiological model predicts the body’s response to the environment, determines 126 segment skin temperatures, sweat rates, and breathing rate, and transmits the data to the manikin. The psychological model uses temperature data from the physiological model to predict the local and global thermal comfort as a function of local skin and core temperatures and their rates of change. Results of initial integration testing show the thermal response of a manikin segment to transient environmental conditions."

        +

        [ANSYS Thermal, version unknown]

      • -

        Analysis Of Reinforced Concrete Structures Using ANSYS Nonlinear Concrete Model

        -

        Antonio F. Barbosa and Gabriel O. Ribeiro

        -

        "This paper considers the practical application of nonlinear models in the analysis of reinforced concrete structures. The results of some analyses performed using the reinforced concrete model of the general purpose finite element code ANSYS are presented and discussed."

        +

        Pressure Load Macro [ZIP]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "In ANSYS, pressure loading via the SFx family of commands allows users to apply a force per unit area in a direction normal to the surface. Structural surface effect elements SURF153 and SURF154 extend pressure loading capabilities by allowing users to specify normal, tangential, or arbitrary distributed loading. In fact, for an arbitrary ‘distributed loading vector,’ the full or projected area may be used, with or without the tangential component of load. This type of loading can be useful in mimicking a bearing load (include tangential component) or wind loading (no tangential component), to name a couple of examples.
        +"Because of the fact that the vector-type of pressure loading can be based on full or projected area, with or without the tangential component, trying to determine an appropriate value for the loading can be cumbersome. The author has written a simple macro which can be used as an example in utilizing surface effects more effectively by allowing the user to specify the total force instead of pressure – the macro calculates the appropriate pressure value to be applied on the surface effect elements."
        +(Week 27, week of 07/04/04.)

      • -

        andersen.pdf

        -

        -

        andersen.pdf

        +

        Pressure Mapping Example

        +

        Bob Weathers (Trane)

        +

        An example which demonstrates mapping between dissimilar meshes and element types.

        +

        At the bottom of the macro is an example of how to apply the mapped results from the first model onto the second using a TABLe. The TABLe uses the second model's node numbers (sorted and stored in ascending order) to index into the TABLe. This results in a very efficient way to map boundary conditions that's fast and uses minimum memory.

      • -

        ansys25b.pdf

        -

        -

        ansys25b.pdf

        +

        Preventing Rigid-Body Motion in Contact Problems [ZIP]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "In contact problems run in a static manner, controlling rigid-body motion may sometimes be an issue under the following circumstances: (a) force-controlled systems or (b) multiple bodies with some parts unconstrained."

        +

        "This memo hopes to address some ways of controlling rigid-body motion in contact problems through the use of options available with the surface-to-surface contact elements."

      • -

        ANSYS Mechanical - A Powerful Nonlinear Simulation Tool

        -

        Grama Bhashyam (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        A whitepaper describing various ANSYS features in the area of nonlinear mechanics, including element formulation, constitutive models, and contact technology.

        +

        Principles of Simulating Contact Between Parts using ANSYS

        +

        David H. Johnson

        +

        "The ANSYS finite element analysis (FEA) program offers a variety of elements designed to treat cases of changing mechanical contact between the parts of an assembly or between different faces of a single part. These elements range from simple, limited idealizations to complex and sophisticated, general purpose algorithms. FEA analysts are frequently faced with modeling situations where changing contact cannot be assumed negligible and ignored. Finding the best choices for contact elements, element options, solver, and solution options can drastically improve the model’s performance and reduce the analyst’s frustration with a contact simulation model."

      • -

        ansys_news_1995_3.pdf

        -

        -

        ansys_news_1995_3.pdf

        +

        QR Damped Modal Analysis [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        +

        Presentation on different damped eigenvalue extraction methods in ANSYS, focusing on the newer QR Damped method.
        +Input files in zip format

      • -

        ansys_news_1995_4.pdf

        -

        -

        ansys_news_1995_4.pdf

        +

        QR Damped and Unsymmetric Stiffness [ZIP]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "There have been significant enhancements to the QR Damped eigenvalue extraction method in the past several releases of ANSYS. At 8.0, the capability of including unsymmetric damping [C] matrix was introduced, along with support of damping defined via the DMPRAT and MDAMP commands.
        +ANSYS 8.1, the material-based constant damping ratio MP,DMPR allowed users to specify constant damping ratios per material ID in mode-superposition harmonic analyses, when used with the QRDAMP eigensolver. With the release of 9.0, QRDAMP also supports unsymmetric stiffness [K] matrix, output of complex eigenvectors, and the use of the PSOLVE command. This memo hopes to cover the use of QR Damped eigenvalue extraction method in friction problems, where an unsymmetric stiffness [K] matrix may be present. An example of this type of problem is brake squeal analyses, where the combination of ANSYS 17x contact elements and the QRDAMP eigensolver provide an easy-to-use, efficient means of determining unstable modes."

      • -

        ansys_news_1996_2.pdf

        +

        RDARV_Article1200.pdf

        -

        ansys_news_1996_2.pdf

        +

        RDARV_Article1200.pdf

      • -

        ansys_news_1996_3.pdf

        -

        -

        ansys_news_1996_3.pdf

        +

        Radiation article in ANSYS Solutions Magazine [PDF]

        +

        Dave Looman (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Overview of ANSYS's radiation capabilities, including a discussion on the radiosity solution method.

      • -

        User Implemented Nitinol Material Model in ANSYS

        -

        Peter R. Barrett and Daniel Fridline

        -

        "Nitinol is an acronym for NIckel TItanium Naval Ordinance Laboratory since the alloy was originally developed at the Naval Lab. It is used to describe a family of materials, which contain a nearly equal mixture of nickel and titanium. Nitinol alloys are attractive to the medical device industry because they are biocompatible and when processed correctly, are at their optimum superelastic behavior at body temperature.
        -"Nitinol exhibits a different stress-strain curve for loading and unloading that cannot be modeled with existing material models in ANSYS. This paper describes the implementation of a unique user material model in ANSYS that simulates the nitinol superelastic behavior. Example analyses are provided demonstrating the application of this material model for medical implant devices called stents."[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]
        -Note that TB,SMA allows users to access built-in shape memory alloy constitutive model in ANSYS.

        +

        Radiosity Solver [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Information on radiation capabilities of ANSYS, focusing on the radiosity solution method.
        +Accompanying input files 1, 2, 3 and 4

      • -

        ansys_short_course.pdf

        -

        Tim Langlais (University of Minnesota)

        -

        A short course on ANSYS, using ANSYS 5.4.

        +

        Random Vibration Analysis of a Circuit Board [PDF]

        +

        Sean Harvey (CSI)

        +

        Example of random vibration analysis of a circuit board in ANSYS.
        +Input files in zip format

      • -

        ansys_solutions_2002_winter.pdf

        +

        Reliability Needs

        -

        ansys_solutions_2002_winter.pdf

        +

        Overview of Reliability Models and Data Needs

      • -

        ansys_solutions_2003_fall.pdf

        -

        -

        ansys_solutions_2003_fall.pdf

        +

        Review of Anisotropy, Yield Criteria, Failure Criteria [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "This memo hopes to serve as a review of the basics of anisotropy, yield criteria, failure criteria, and the ANSYS procedure related to these topics."
        +(Week 15, week of 01/21/02.)

      • -

        ansys_solutions_2003_spring.pdf

        +

        S42-2_Dauksher.pdf

        -

        ansys_solutions_2003_spring.pdf

        +

        S42-2_Dauksher.pdf

      • -

        ansys_solutions_2003_summer.pdf

        +

        SPIE-02-SS-4701-34-horn.pdf

        -

        ansys_solutions_2003_summer.pdf

        +

        SPIE-02-SS-4701-34-horn.pdf

      • -

        ansysconf_paper_2004_CAEA.pdf

        +

        SPIE-02-SS-4701-36-USDC.pdf

        -

        ansysconf_paper_2004_CAEA.pdf

        +

        SPIE-02-SS-4701-36-USDC.pdf

      • -

        antonova-C2.pdf

        +

        SPIE-05_Zensheu-USDC-modeling.pdf

        -

        antonova-C2.pdf

        +

        SPIE-05_Zensheu-USDC-modeling.pdf

      • -

        app_h.pdf

        -

        -

        app_h.pdf

        +

        STI0904_USERFC.zip

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "The FC command provides users with the ability to predict first-ply failure using maximum strain, maximum stress, or Tsai-wu failure criteria. In ANSYS 12.0.1, users can also take advantage of the userfc subroutine to define up to nine different criteria.
        +This memo reviews the userfc subroutine, and a sample implementation of the Hashin criterion is included."

      • -

        asyed_ectc2004_corrected.pdf

        +

        Save Working Loads

        -

        asyed_ectc2004_corrected.pdf

        +

        Iterative Determination of Save Working Loads (SWL) for Crawler Cranes

        +
      • +

        Shape Memory Alloy

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Short PDF describing differences between the superelastic and shape memory effect options for Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) material model. Simple input file can be downloaded here.

        +
      • +

        Simulation of Brake Block Induced Corrugation on Railway Wheels

        +

        Ulf Sellgren

        +

        "Railway wheels that are equipped with cast-iron brake blocks generate significantly more rolling noise than wheels with other types of braking devices or block materials. The roughness of the treads on cast-iron block-braked wheels has typically a peak at a wavelength around 6 cm. The complex interaction between quasi-static and dynamic mechanical behavior and thermal, chemical, and metallurgical effects in the block-wheel contact combined with the rolling and sliding situation in the wheel-rail contact has made it difficult to get an understanding of the causes from field measurements. Coupled transient thermal and quasi-static mechanical FE simulations with ANSYS show that thermoelastic instability (TEI) may be a major cause for the roughness initiation."

        +
      • +

        Simulation of the Retroglossal Fluid-Structure Interaction During Obstructive Sleep Apnea

        +

        Franz Chouly, Annemie Van Hirtum, Pierre-Yves Lagr´ee, Jean-Roch Paoli, Xavier Pelorson, and Yohan P

        +

        "A method for computing the interaction between the airflow and the soft tissue during an Obstructive Apnea is presented. It is based on simplifications of the full continuum formulation (Navier- Stokes and finite elasticity) to ensure computation time compatible with clinical applications. Linear elasticity combined with a precomputation method allows fast prediction of the tissue deformation, while an asymptotic formulation of the full Navier-Stokes equations (Reduced Navier- Stokes/Prandtl equations) has been chosen for the flow. The accuracy of the method has already been assessed experimentally. Then, simulations of the complete collapsus at the retroglossal level in the upper airway have been carried out, on geometries extracted from pre-operative radiographies of two apneic patients. Post-operative geometries have been also used to check qualitatively if the predictions from the simulations are in agreement with the effects of the surgery."
        +[ANSYS Structural, version unspecified]

        +
      • +

        Sine sweep simulation [PDF]

        +

        David Haberman (CSI

        +

        Discussion on harmonic sweeps, either via the direct displacement method or the large mass method.
        +Direct displacement method example input file and Large mass method example input file

      • Smartsizing: Automatic Boundary Sizing for 2D and 3D meshes [PDF]

        Alexandre L. Cunha, Sunil Saigal, Scott A. Canann

        "We present in this paper a simple technique, called smart sizing, which automatically computes high quality initial element sizing on curves for triangular, quadrilateral and tetrahedral elements."

      • -

        barni1.pdf

        +

        SolderTMC.pdf

        -

        barni1.pdf

        +

        SolderTMC.pdf

      • -

        batch.zip

        +

        Sparse Solver Improvements [PDF]

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        This is an example of how to drag-and-drop a .db file onto a DOS batch file to initiate an analysis.

        -

        Unzip the file and rename "Run Nonlinear.txt "to Run Nonlinear.bat". Place it on your desktop.

        -

        Place "solve_batch.inp"in your D: drive or edit "Run Nonlinear.bat"to change the location of this APDL input file.

        -

        Drag and drop any .db file containing a ready-to-solve nonlinear analysis onto "Run Nonlinear.bat".

        -

        You will find that the solution will initiate in the same working directory, and you can also track the nonlinear solution graphically as the solution is solving in batch.

        -
      • -

        Benchmark Tests on ANSYS Parallel Processing Technology

        -

        Kentaro Suzuki

        -

        "ANSYS Inc. has released parallel processing solvers, DDS (Distributed Domain Solver) and AMG (Algebraic Multigrid Solver) in ANSYS version 5.7 in order to meet the requirements from the market."

        -

        "In this paper, simple tests are first carried out to confirm the features and capabilities of DDS and AMG for different types of analyses. Furthermore, real-life problems such as thermal stress of an engine block (7.3 million DOF) and elastic-plastic-creep behavior of an IC packaging (about 84,000 DOF) are analyzed. The effectiveness of ANSYS parallel processing solvers is also studied."

        -
      • -

        benchmark_1.zip

        -

        -

        benchmark_1.zip

        -
      • -

        bericht92.pdf

        -

        -

        bericht92.pdf

        +

        "There have been various sparse solver improvements in each release of ANSYS. This memo hopes to cover some general information on the solvers available in ANSYS as well as performance improvements between ANSYS 5.6 and 6.0 related to linear static analyses."

      • -

        BMSweep: Locating Interior Nodes During Sweeping [PDF]

        -

        Matthew L. Staten, Scott A. Canann, and Steve J. Owen

        -

        "BMSweep is a new algorithm to determine the location of interior nodes while volume sweeping."

        -
      • -

        boot.zip

        +

        Spatially-Varying Pressure Loading in Workbench Simulation [ZIP]

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Old model originally created back in ANSYS 6.0. Recently tested and seems to solve fine as-is in ANSYS 12.1, so I expect all versions in-between should run fine, too. Hyperelasticity, self-contact, rigid-deformable contact are present. Animation of same model (with finer mesh) is on the gallery page.

        -
      • -

        bzahn00.pdf

        -

        -

        bzahn00.pdf

        +

        "Workbench Simulation 11.0 allows users not only to apply constant pressure loads or force vectors per unit area but also to utilize hydrostatic pressure loads and line pressure loads (force per unit length), and these can be defined as a function of time. Moreover, fluid pressures can be mapped from a steady-state or transient ANSYS CFX solution.
        +Despite these options, there may be situations where a user may want to import a predefined, spatially-varying pressure field from an external text file. This can be accomplished through the use of a “Commands” object and APDL tables, which this memo will introduce."
        +(Week 38, week of 07/01/07.)

      • -

        bzahn_ball_via_fatigue_paper.pdf

        -

        -

        bzahn_ball_via_fatigue_paper.pdf

        +

        Structural Beam Elements Overview [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        +

        An overview of beam elements available in ANSYS, including the new BEAM188/189 elements and differences between thin and thick beams.

      • -

        Use Of Finite Element Analysis To Simulate The Hyperelastic Behaviour Of Cardiovascular Tissue [PDF]

        -

        S. Daly, P.J. Prendergast, F. Dolan, T.C. Lee

        -

        Examination of Mooney-Rivlin.

        +

        Structural Shell Elements Overview [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        +

        Overview of structural shell elements in ANSYS, including differences between thin and thick shells, drilling DOF, etc.

      • -

        cj21-wai.pdf

        -

        -

        cj21-wai.pdf

        +

        Structural Surface Effect Elements Intro [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Introduction to structural surface effect elements (SURF153/154).
        +BOLTLOAD input file

      • -

        closed_tank.zip

        +

        Structural surface Effect Elements, General Overview

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Comparison of FLUID30 (acoustic fluid element) and FLUID80 (contained fluid element) for sloshing in a tank.

        +

        An overview presentation and example workshop on structural surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed.

      • -

        An Approach to Combined Laplacian and Optimization-Based Smoothing for Triangular, Quadrilateral, and Quad-Dominant Meshes [PDF]

        -

        Scott A. Canann, Joseph R. Tristano, Matthew L. Staten

        -

        "In this paper, an overall mesh smoothing scheme is presented for meshes consisting of triangular, quadrilateral, or mixed triangular and quadrilateral elements. This paper describes an efficient and robust combination of constrained Laplacian smoothing together with an optimization-based smoothing algorithm."

        +

        Subject Specific Finite Element Modelling of the Levator Ani

        +

        Su-Lin Lee1, Ara Darzi, Guang-Zhong Yang

        +

        "Understanding of the dynamic behaviour of the levator ani is important to the assessment of pelvic floor dysfunction. Whilst shape modelling allows the depiction of 3D morphological variation of the levator ani between different patient groups, it is insufficient to determine the underlying behaviour of how the muscle deforms during contraction and strain. The purpose of this study is to perform a subject specific finite element analysis of the levator ani with open access magnetic resonance imaging. The method is based on a Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic model and permits dynamic study of subjects under natural physiological loadings. The value of the proposed modelling framework is demonstrated with dynamic 3D data from nulliparous, female subjects"[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]

      • -

        The Comparison of Biomechanical Breast Models: Initial Results

        -

        C. Tanner, J.A. Schnabel, A. Castellano Smith, L.I. Sonoda, D.L.G. Hill, D.J. Hawkes, A. Degenhard

        -

        "We present initial results from evaluating the accuracy with which biomechanical breast models based on finite element methods can predict the displacements of tissue within the breast. We investigate the influence of different tissue elasticity values, Poisson’s ratios, boundary conditions, finite element solvers and mesh resolutions on one data set. MR images were acquired before and after compressing a volunteer’s breast gently. These images were aligned using a 3D non-rigid registration algorithm. The boundary conditions (surface displacements) were derived from the result of the non-rigid registration or by assuming no patient motion at the posterior or medial side. Three linear and two non-linear elastic material models were tested."

        +

        Super Elastic Alloy Eyeglass Frame Design Using the ANSYS Workbench Environment

        +

        Peter R. Barrett and Patrick Cunningham (CAEAI)

        +

        "Up front analysis at the concept stages of developing a device most often result in reduced time to market and a better more efficient product development cycle. Design Modeler (1) / DesignXplorer (2) and ANSYS Structural’s super-elastic material model (3) are used in this demonstration of a design process for an eyeglass frame. This example provides an illustration of using the parametric functionality of the ANSYS Workbench environment for a highly nonlinear application. The Workbench environment can be used to perform design iterations in conjunction with material laws only available in the standard ANSYS environment. A shape memory superelastic material law was formally included in ANSYS 8.0. The material law captures the super-elastic behavior of Nitinol (4) along with its unique hysteretic response under cyclic loading. In the demonstration, the eyeglass frame is subjected to crushing and cyclic loading events. Geometric design variables are varied in an attempt to increase the frame stiffness yet keep the peak strain levels in the frame below 10% strain, which is a typical elastic limit for Nitinol. The cyclic behavior of the material is also monitored under the design load to evaluate the potential of fatigue failure. The procedure demonstrates the ease in interfacing the suite of Workbench products with geometric, material and contact nonlinear analysis problems."

        +
      • +

        Surface Effect Elements, General Overview

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        An overview presentation and example workshop on generating surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed.

      • -

        compressive.pdf

        +

        T51-01.pdf

        -

        compressive.pdf

        +

        T51-01.pdf

      • -

        conflong_castiron.pdf

        -

        -

        conflong_castiron.pdf

        -
      • -

        conflong_creep.pdf

        -

        -

        conflong_creep.pdf

        +

        Tabular Boundary Conditions and Function Editor at 6.0 [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "This tips and tricks is an introductory memo on the use of tabular and function boundary conditions. The use of the Function Editor is also discussed."

      • -

        conflong_gasket.pdf

        -

        -

        conflong_gasket.pdf

        +

        Techniques for Successfully Using ANSYS Contact Elements

        +

        Rich Bothmann

        +

        Presentation from the Midwest ANSYS User Group
        +[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 9.0]

      • -

        conflong_hyperel.pdf

        -

        -

        conflong_hyperel.pdf

        +

        Text and compression utilities [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        +

        Memo on text editors which support syntax highlighting, useful in editing input files and/or macros. Also discusses compression utilities to reduce filesize of database and results files. (Also see "bzip2"compression utility, not discussed in memo)

      • -

        conflong_viscoel.pdf

        +

        The Building Blocks of Simulation: A New Family of Elements for Stress Analysis

        (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Presentation on the viscoelasticity model, introduced in ANSYS 6.1, available for both hypo- and hyper-elasticity (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS"seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

        +

        Presentation on 18x family of elements (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS"seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

      • -

        PDF file summarizing beta contact features at 5.6.1 [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        -

        Presentation on the thermal contact and fluid pressure capabilities of the surface-to-surface contact elements. This was written when these capabilities were beta at 5.6. Thermal capabilites are documented at 5.7.
        -Accompanying thermal contact example and fluid pressure example

        +

        The Comparison of Biomechanical Breast Models: Initial Results

        +

        C. Tanner, J.A. Schnabel, A. Castellano Smith, L.I. Sonoda, D.L.G. Hill, D.J. Hawkes, A. Degenhard

        +

        "We present initial results from evaluating the accuracy with which biomechanical breast models based on finite element methods can predict the displacements of tissue within the breast. We investigate the influence of different tissue elasticity values, Poisson’s ratios, boundary conditions, finite element solvers and mesh resolutions on one data set. MR images were acquired before and after compressing a volunteer’s breast gently. These images were aligned using a 3D non-rigid registration algorithm. The boundary conditions (surface displacements) were derived from the result of the non-rigid registration or by assuming no patient motion at the posterior or medial side. Three linear and two non-linear elastic material models were tested."

      • -

        contact_tech.pdf

        -

        -

        contact_tech.pdf

        +

        The Control Of The Thermal Environment Of Perimeter Spaces In Buildings To Prevent Cold Drafts

        +

        Yuji Hukushima, Yasuo Utsumi, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Yoshimi Ishikawa, Mitsuo Suzuki, And Tatsuya Yamash

        +

        "This paper is focused on the evaluation of simulation system using the experiment result and the configuration of pericounter which is the part of counter unit setting at bottom of window side with heat panel to avoid the influence of cold draft, utilizing simulation system. The simulation shows similar flow pattern to full scale experiment and consequent simulations indicate that cold draft does not flow into interior zone when the heat generation rate exceeds heat loss from the window in most cases. When the heat generation portion is 75% of heat loss from the window, some cases which have certain configuration of pericounter successfully avoids the influence of draft without fan."

      • -

        coolingreview.pdf

        -

        -

        coolingreview.pdf

        +

        Thermal Surface Effect Elements Intro [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        +

        Introduction to thermal surface effect elements (SURF151/152).

      • -

        cpainter_SPIE.pdf

        -

        -

        cpainter_SPIE.pdf

        +

        Thermal contact overview [PDF]

        +

        Yongyi Zhu (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Presentation on the thermal contact capabilities of the surface-to-surface contact elements, beta at 5.6.
        +Input file for pressure-dependent thermal conductance

      • -

        creating Custom Animations [ZIP]

        +

        Thermal surface Effect Elements, General Overview

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        "Animations are quite useful, both in presenting results of an analysis to others as well as obtaining better insight into the complex response of a system. While ANSYS has many built-in animation capabilities, sometimes, it may be necessary to create a macro for a customized animation. This memo covers one method of generating such animations."

        +

        An overview presentation and example workshop on thermal surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed.

      • -

        Comparison of Rectangular and Spherical Models

        -

        Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)

        -

        "The purpose of this investigation was to compare the two modelling techniques for an infinite boundary. The first technique involves setting the elements on the edges of the model to have an absorptive property by changing the material properties so that mu=1. The second technique involves the use of infinite elements (infinite129) that must be placed on a constant radius curvature."

        +

        Topology Optimization in ANSYS

        +

        Brian King (IMPACT Engineering Solutions, Inc.)

        +

        Presentation from Midwest ANSYS User Group on Topological Optimization capability in ANSYS and Workbench Simulation.

      • -

        Cyclic Symmetry Analysis

        -

        (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Presentation on cyclic symmetry enhancements at ANSYS 6.1 (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS"seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

        +

        Towards Automated Determination of USERMAT for the Nonlinear Constitutive Behavior of Composites

        +

        J. Michopoulos, P. Mast, R. Badaliance, L. Gause, T. Chwastyk, R. Foerch

        +

        "Recent advances in finite element techniques and design optimization integration technologies along with the parallel hardware and software evolution have directed the CMS group to turn its attention to utilizing "of the shelf"technology of achieving the same goals. Thus, the "Z-mat"and "Z-Optim"packages from Northwest Numerics, Inc., have been utilized to extract the non-linear constitutive response from the available experimental data in an integrated and automated manner and in conjunction with the ANSYS/Mechanical infrastructure. The automation lies on the fact that the process automatically generates the code of a "USERMAT"subroutine that it can be subsequently used with any geometry and loading specification definable within the limits of ANSYS' non-linear element library. The geometry of the single notched specimen of NRL's In Plane has been used for developing and verifying the process."

      • -

        dakota.zip

        -

        Dave Lindeman (3M)

        -

        "I recently experimented with coupling ANSYS and DAKOTA, and thought the list might be interested in the results. DAKOTA, if you're not familiar with it, is a public-domain optimization code available from Sandia National Laboratories (see http://endo.sandia.gov/DAKOTA/). It has several advanced optimization algorithms (e.g., genetic algorithms), supports discrete variables, and has several other features that make it a nice complement to the optimization and probabilistic design modules within ANSYS. And it's FREE.

        -

        "Anyways, the procedure for using DAKOTA with ANSYS consists of creating a DAKOTA input file (DAKOTA in the attachments) that identifies the design variables, state variables, optimization method, etc. Also, within this file you identify the command to be issued to execute the code you are using to generate the response variables (analysis_driver = 'ansys.prl', in the attached example). To execute ANSYS I use an intermediate Perl script (ansys.prl) that translates the design variable file generated by DAKOTA (parameters_file = 'dakota.dv') into something ANSYS can understand (written out to ansys.dv). The Perl script then executes ANSYS. Note that the Perl script is general purpose -- it should work for any application. The only thing you should need to change is filenames, in particular the name of your ANSYS script (in my example, 'ANSYS'). The ANSYS script reads in the design variable file using /INPUT, performs the analysis, then outputs the result variables to a file (results_file = 'dakota.rv') using *CFOPEN and *VWRITE.

        -

        "To execute the analysis you use (for example) the command line: dakota -i DAKOTA > dakota.log &

        -

        "That's pretty much it. Pretty straightforward once you figure out the DAKOTA input file syntax. The attached example is the simple beam optimization problem used in the ANSYS documentation."

        +

        Transient Behavior of a Polymer Fill Material with Time Dependent Viscoelastic Properties

        +

        John Thompson, Steven Groothuis, Hong Tang, Paul Koeneman

        +

        "In an effort to simplify the implementation of viscoelastic material models into ANSYS, an ANSYS User-Programmable Feature (UsrFictive) has been modified to allow a more practical definition of viscoelastic material parameters. Standard ANSYS input of material data may be based upon temperature. Currently, ANSYS material data may not be a function of any other parameter. Many polymers used in industry are initially liquid and must be “cured” in a manufacturing process. This fact means that the properties will change over time. This application demonstrates one method of implementing a curing process simulation for a viscoelastic polymer."
        +[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 6.?]

      • -

        demotlbr.zip

        -

        (PADT)

        -

        "To use this demonstration of the ANSYS toolbar capabilities extract these files to your working directory. You must then copy the tlbrlist61.ans file from the ANSYS installation docu/english/tlbrlist61.ans to your working directory. Add DEMO.TLB to the bottom of the file. Run ANSYS and then move the split bar at the bottom up to show the bottom pane where the demo toolbar is embedded."
        -Example showing how to customize the ANSYS 6.1 Toolbar.

        +

        Transient Thermal Analysis of Spot Welding Electrodes

        +

        K. S. Yeung, P. H. Thornton

        +

        "The accurate thermal simulation of a spot welding electrode cap could permit critical design parameters to be identified for improved electrode life. In this study, a parametric model has been developed to predict the transient thermal behavior of a typical spot welding electrode cap. The model employs the technique of conjugate heat transfer analysis to avoid the problem of estimating a value for the heat transfer coefficient that arises with conventional heat transfer analysis."

      • -

        diemold2001.pdf

        +

        Transmission of Mechanical Stresses within the Cytoskeleton of Adherent Cells: a Theoretical Analysis Based on a Multi-Component Cell Model

        +

        Philippe Tracqui and Jacques Ohayon

        +

        "We investigate here the spatial distributions of intracellular stresses when adherent cells are probed by magnetic twisting cytometry. The influence of the cell nucleus stiffness on the simulated nonlinear torque-bead rotation response is analyzed by considering a finite element multi-component cell model in which the cell and its nucleus are considered as different hyperelastic materials. We additionally take into account the mechanical properties of the basal cell cortex, which can be affected by the interaction of the basal cell membrane with the extracellular substrate. In agreement with data obtained on epithelial cells, the simulated behaviour of the cell model relates the hyperelastic response observed at the entire cell scale to the distribution of stresses and strains within the nucleus and the cytoskeleton, up to cell adhesion areas. These results, which indicate how mechanical forces are transmitted at distant points through the cytoskeleton, are compared to recent data imaging the highly localized distribution of intracellular stresses."[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 6.0]

        +
      • +

        Tu.4.7.4.pdf

        -

        diemold2001.pdf

        +

        Tu.4.7.4.pdf

      • -

        disrpap.pdf

        +

        Tunneling-Accelerometer-Paper.pdf

        -

        disrpap.pdf

        +

        Tunneling-Accelerometer-Paper.pdf

      • -

        DesignSpace Tutorial 2

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Simple tutorial on analyzing assemblies using DesignSpace with focus on compatibility with SolidWorks.

        +

        Understanding Accuracy and Discretization Error in an FEA Model

        +

        Jon Pointer

        +

        "The often-ignored topic of mesh discretization error is examined to identify a simple set of rules that the average user can enlist to determine solution accuracy. The sources of discretization error are explained, tools to quantify it are introduced and an example is given. The purpose is to bring an understanding of these issues and usable tools to the common user who is not proficient in the mathematical basis of FEA."

        +

        [ANSYS 7.1, 2004 Conference]

      • -

        DesignSpace Tutorial 1

        +

        Understanding Lagrange Multipliers [PDF]

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Simple tutorial on analyzing parts using DesignSpace with focus on compatibility with SolidWorks.

        +

        "Lagrange multipliers are a general term used in different areas of ANSYS, specifically contact and element formulation. This memo hopes to provide the user with a simplified introduction to the most important concepts in using elements with Lagrange multipliers, in hopes that some of the element options and solver selection can be better understood.
        +Currently, at ANSYS 6.0, the node-to-node gap element CONTA178 and the Mixed U-P formulation of the 18x elements (i.e., KEYOPT(6)>0) utilize Lagrange multipliers, so the discussion will focus on these elements."

      • -

        Effects of Nonlinear Geometric and Material Properties on the Seismic Response of Fluid/Tank Systems

        -

        He Liu, Daniel H. Schubert

        -

        "To explore the effects large deformation and nonlinear material properties have on the seismic response of fluid/tank systems, the computer program ANSYS was selected to develop a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model of a ground level, cylindrical steel shell and roof tank structure with contained fluid under seismic load. The ANSYS program was selected for its ability to include shell and structural steel elements, contained fluid elements, fluid-structure interactions, material and geometric nonlinearities, and contact type elements. For purposes of this study, analysis results from a linear elastic, small deformation fixed base model are compared with an elasto-plastic material property model with large deformation assumptions. Results show the significant difference in results based on the assumptions used and indicate that current design code based values may not be conservative in resultant loading calculations."

        +

        Understanding the Response Surface Method in DesignXplorer [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "ANSYS DesignXplorer enables the user to perform optimization studies based on multiple objectives, to account for uncertainties in product design and use, and to determine how best to improve product reliability. These tasks are accomplished through the use of response surfaces, and this memo hopes to cover some of the basics of DesignXplorer operation."

      • -

        elastdata_Unix.zip

        -

        Hursha Narayan (Robert Bosch Corporation)

        -

        Macro for a fully automated procedure for calculating M-R coefficients from Test Data
        -"I have developed a macro that fully automates the importing of elastomer test data into ANSYS and calculate the Mooney-Rivlin coefficients. The macro uses Lagrange interpolation technique to calculate the stress data at equal intervals of strain. This can then be read into an array in ANSYS to evaluate the M-R coeffs. I'm sending you Windows and Unix version of the macro. The difference between the two versions are in the awk and script files that I use to manipulate data. The user needs to go through all the files just to change the directories where the files will be located and accessed. The files reformat(Unix) and reformat.csh(windows) should have rwx permissions. The reformat.csh used in windows can be converted to a batch file. Awk utility should be available under windows. The procedure expects Simple Tension, Planar Tension and Biaxial Extension data to be available."

        +

        Undocumented Hyperelastic Material Models at 5.7-6.1 [ZIP]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "From 5.7, the 18x series of elements support a variety of hyperelastic constitutive models, namely general polynomial, Mooney-Rivlin, Neo-Hookean, Arruda-Boyce, and Ogden. Four other models have been included in 5.7 onwards, although these are undocumented options for TB,HYPER. These four models consist of the Yeoh and Gent models for incompressible behavior and the Hyperfoam and Blatz-Ko options for compressible rubbers. This memo hopes to provide a summary of these material models and of the required input."

      • -

        Physics first, using ANSYS to define the design: Real-life examples from the automotive supplier company Mannesmann VDO

        -

        Zlatko Penzar

        -

        "In many non-standard engineering development applications it strongly pays off to invest an effort into understanding the physics of the problem prior to undertaking complex numerical simulations. The better the knowledge of the leading physical effects in a complex system, the simpler and more cost-efficient the analytical model can be. Moreover, the understanding of the most important physical driving effects often enables one to build a simplified, closed-form mathematical effective model. Such models usually give insight into the interplay of various parameters governing the physical behavior of the complex system. In this way, a fast pre-optimization of the desired features is often possible. Subsequently, the rich arsenal of ANSYS multiphysics capabilities can be used to refine the judgements and obtain the desired quantitative solutions."

        +

        Use Of Finite Element Analysis To Simulate The Hyperelastic Behaviour Of Cardiovascular Tissue [PDF]

        +

        S. Daly, P.J. Prendergast, F. Dolan, T.C. Lee

        +

        Examination of Mooney-Rivlin.

      • -

        erfurt02new_detector-reprint.pdf

        -

        -

        erfurt02new_detector-reprint.pdf

        +

        User Implemented Nitinol Material Model in ANSYS

        +

        Peter R. Barrett and Daniel Fridline

        +

        "Nitinol is an acronym for NIckel TItanium Naval Ordinance Laboratory since the alloy was originally developed at the Naval Lab. It is used to describe a family of materials, which contain a nearly equal mixture of nickel and titanium. Nitinol alloys are attractive to the medical device industry because they are biocompatible and when processed correctly, are at their optimum superelastic behavior at body temperature.
        +"Nitinol exhibits a different stress-strain curve for loading and unloading that cannot be modeled with existing material models in ANSYS. This paper describes the implementation of a unique user material model in ANSYS that simulates the nitinol superelastic behavior. Example analyses are provided demonstrating the application of this material model for medical implant devices called stents."[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]
        +Note that TB,SMA allows users to access built-in shape memory alloy constitutive model in ANSYS.

      • -

        Local Approximation Estimators For Algebraic Multigrid

        -

        Jan Mandel

        -

        "We are concerned with the development of Algebraic Multigrid (AMG) for symmetric, positive definite linear systems arizing from finite element discretization of elliptic partial differential equations. AMG methods attempt to create coarse levels from the algebraic system automatically, using no or only a minimum of additional information. The basic idea of the multigrid algorithm is that fine level error on which the smoothing process is not effective should be reduced by the coarse correction. Therefore, a-priori estimates of the approximation of fine level functions by coarse level function are important to guide the design of robust AMG methods."

        -
      • -

        expansion.pdf

        +

        User-Defined Creep Laws with USERCREEP [ZIP]

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        This is a description of an ANSYS Workbench 13.0 project and the use of the HSFLD242 (hydrostatic fluid) element. It is a fictitious model of the expansion of a tire and subsequent displacement-loading to a rigid surface (e.g., ground).

        +

        "ANSYS provides 13 creep equations for use with implicit creep – these range from the simple Norton law to the hyperbolic sine form to the Blackburn model to a rational polynomial expression, to name a few – that can be used to model a range of creep behavior for metals. The TBFT command provides curve-fitting functionality for the user wishing to evaluate creep material parameters from test data. Also, the user can model anisotropic creep as well as combine implicit creep with rate-independent plasticity to model a wide range of complex material response.
        +Despite this wealth of features, however, one may wish to incorporate one’s own creep law into ANSYS. For example, a company may have their own creep equation with material parameters already defined and validated through testing. The built-in creep laws in ANSYS assume creep used in design rather than failure analysis, so the available creep laws are meant to model primary and secondary creep – consequently, another need to incorporate a user-defined creep law would arise when a user wants to include tertiary creep and/or to evaluate creep damage.
        +This memo will hope to address some aspects of writing one’s own user-defined creep law with the USERCREEP.F subroutine to address this issue."
        +Example using Anand's model.

      • -

        fiber_concrete.pdf

        -

        -

        fiber_concrete.pdf

        +

        User-Defined Hyperelasticity with USERHYPER [ZIP]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "User-Programmable Features (UPFs) are an extremely useful feature for analysts that need additional advanced functionality, especially in the area of constitutive modeling.
        +TB,HYPER allows users to include many incompressible and compressible hyperelastic material behavior – Ogden, Arruda-Boyce, Gent, Yeoh, Blatz-Ko are but some of the available models. However, for those wishing to use a customized strain energy function, the USERHYPER.F subroutine is available."

      • -

        Subject Specific Finite Element Modelling of the Levator Ani

        -

        Su-Lin Lee1, Ara Darzi, Guang-Zhong Yang

        -

        "Understanding of the dynamic behaviour of the levator ani is important to the assessment of pelvic floor dysfunction. Whilst shape modelling allows the depiction of 3D morphological variation of the levator ani between different patient groups, it is insufficient to determine the underlying behaviour of how the muscle deforms during contraction and strain. The purpose of this study is to perform a subject specific finite element analysis of the levator ani with open access magnetic resonance imaging. The method is based on a Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic model and permits dynamic study of subjects under natural physiological loadings. The value of the proposed modelling framework is demonstrated with dynamic 3D data from nulliparous, female subjects"[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]

        +

        User-Defined Output with USEROUT.F [ZIP]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "There are various situations where a user may wish to define specific type of output to postprocess — this can range from simple evaluation of safety factors to more involved damage calculations. While APDL, the ANSYS command language, allows users to manipulate results in any manner one sees fit, user-programmable features (UPFs) also provide a means for users to calculate specific output results efficiently at the solution level."
        +Example of calculating fatigue and Cap (Extended Drucker-Prager) output.

      • -

        finite_element_analysis_of_crowning_caps.pdf

        -

        -

        finite_element_analysis_of_crowning_caps.pdf

        +

        Using Abbreviations to Customize the Toolbar [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "The ANSYS Toolbar provides a useful means of accessing commonly-used functions, especially for users who use the GUI rather than typing in commands."

        +

        "This memo hopes to provide a brief introduction to the ANSYS Toolbar and, more importantly, how to assign macros or specific dialog boxes to the Toolbar buttons, including Fnc_ UIDL granules or ~eui Tcl/Tk dialog boxes."

      • -

        finite_element_based_solder_joint_fatigue.pdf

        -

        -

        finite_element_based_solder_joint_fatigue.pdf

        +

        Using CMS in Workbench Simulation [ZIP]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "At Workbench 11.0, the ANSYS Rigid Dynamics add-on module enables users to model complex kinematic assemblies, whereby system-level performance as well as accurate force loading on components can be obtained.
        +Although the parts in the assembly may initially be considered rigid, an interesting, related method is the use of component mode synthesis (CMS) to account for the flexibility of parts. This memo will attempt to cover a way in which users can incorporate CMS in their multibody analyses in Workbench Simulation."
        +[For version 12.0, use supplied "cms_use_v12.mac"instead of "cms_use.mac"- courtesy of D. Creech.]

      • -

        FLOTRAN Chills Out Hot Aerospace Electronics

        -

        Mark Troscinski, Jiang Guangnan, Zhang Minyi

        -

        Examples of use of Flotran for electronics applications.
        -From ANSYS Solutions, Vol. 4 Number 2.

        +

        Using PSOLVE [ZIP]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Although most often used for large-deflection prestressed modal analyses, PSOLVE has other applications which make it attractive to use, especially for large models.

        +

        PSOLVE can be used for the following situations:

        +

        Precise mass calculations
        +Detailed listing of contact pair information
        +Evaluation of tabular boundary conditions and loads

        +

        Since PSOLVE is a partial solution (namely, calculation of element matrices), it is usually much faster than performing an actual solution. Hence, the user may obtain any (or all) of the above three types of information prior to running an actual analysis, which can be a valuable way of verifying model input and settings prior to solution.

        +

        (Week 20, week of 07/14/02.)

        +
      • +

        Using the Radiosity Solver in Workbench Simulation [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Please note that in Workbench Mechanical 12.1, surface-to-surface radiation (using the Radiosity Solution Method) has been introduced in the GUI, so this memo is obsolete if you use version 12.1 and higher.
        +"Radiation can play an important role in heat transfer analyses. In Workbench Simulation 10.0, a “Radiation” load has been added to allow users to account for losses to the surroundings, although this does not include radiation exchange between surfaces.
        +For users wishing to utilize the ANSYS surface-to-surface radiation capabilities, this memo hopes to introduce an easy method to include these effects within Workbench Simulation via Named Selections and Command objects.
        +This type of methodology can be extended to include any other advanced solution feature of ANSYS which the user may wish to incorporate inside of Workbench Simulation."

      • -

        A Finite Element Model For Pre- And Post-Test Calculations of the FOREVER-Experiments

        -

        H. G. Willschuetz, E. Altstadt, F. P. Weiss, B. R. Sehgal

        -

        "An axis-symmetric Finite Element (FE) model is developed based on the multi-purpose code ANSYS/Multiphysics. Using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) module the temperature field within the melt pool and within the vessel wall is evaluated. The transient structural mechanical calculations are then performed applying a creep model which takes into account large temperature, stress and strain variations." (Document 2)

        +

        Using the WB Simulation Remote Solution Manager [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "Workbench Simulation has the ability to allow the user to solve multiple jobs locally or remotely. These capabilities are defined within the "Solution” branch of WB Simulation as well as in the WB Remote Solution Manager.
        +"This memo hopes to introduce this capability, especially with regards to solving multiple jobs locally on a Windows machine."
        +(Week 33, week of 04/02/06.)

      • -

        FE Analysis of ATLAS: End Cap Support Structure - PSD Spectrum Analysis

        -

        C.J.Nelson

        -

        "This report investigates the effect of a PSD (Power Spectral Density) random input load on an early FE model of the ATLAS EndCap Support Structure. Statistical predictions of the maximum displacement are presented."[ANSYS Structural, version 5.3]

        +

        VM256 with Workbench Mechanical

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Created a Workbench 12.0 version of VM256.
        +Useful for users who may wish to get a better understanding of implementing the CINT command inside of Workbench Mechanical for J-integral and stress intensity factor calculations.

      • -

        fsi-ansys.pdf

        -

        -

        fsi-ansys.pdf

        +

        VM267 with Workbench Mechanical

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Created a Workbench 12.0 version of VM267.
        +Useful for users who may wish to get a better understanding of implementing the CINT command inside of Workbench Mechanical for stress intensity factor calculations.

      • -

        Analysis Of Gasketed Flanges With Ordinary Elements Using APDL Control

        -

        Yasumasa Shoji, Satoshi Nagata

        -

        "The analysis of gasketted flanges is now becoming an essential technique to design pressure vessels or piping, because the design code is being modified. On the other hand, the gasket has an extreme nonlinearity which causes the analysis to be very difficult, especially using linear material properties. A finite element analysis program other than ANSYS has the element library for gasket element, but ANSYS does not have it yet."

        -

        "The authors developed a method to model this nonlinear gasket by using the elements available in ANSYS Rel. 5.5 for 2-dimensional axisymmetric analysis and those in Rel. 5.6 for 3-dimensional analysis. In this paper, the concept and the procedure of the modeling is introduced. The data input is possible using a template, without using any other ANSYS commands. The whole analysis execution is controlled by APDL."

        -

        [STI: Gasket elements are available from version 6.1 onwards, after this paper was written]

        +

        Various MEMS Examples Using ANSYS [ZIP]

        +

        (EPFL, The Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne)

        +

        Tutorials on using ANSYS with various MEMS examples. This was originally taken from EPFL's website.

      • -

        A DOS-Enhanced Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Through an Array of Offset Fins with Conjugate Heating in the Bounding Solid

        -

        E.M. Sparrow, J.P. Abraham, P.W. Chevalier

        -

        "The method of Design of Simulation (DOS) was used to guide and enhance a numerical simulation of fluid flow and heat transfer through offset-fin arrays which form the interior geometry of a cold plate. The basic problem involved 11 independent parameters. This prohibitive parametric burden was lessened by the creative use of nondimensionalization that was brought to fruition by a special transformation of the boundary conditions. Subsequent to the reduction of the number of parameters, the DOS method was employed to limit the number of simulation runs while maintaining an accurate representation of the parameter space. The DOS method also provided excellent correlations of both the dimensionless heat transfer and pressure drop results. The results were evaluated with respect to the Colburn Analogy for heat and momentum transfer. It was found that the offseting of the fins created a larger increase in the friction factor than that which was realized for the dimensionless heat transfer coefficient."

        -

        Similar paper can be found here.
        -[ANSYS Flotran, version unknown]

        +

        VectorRotation.zip

        +

        Bob Weathers (Trane)

        +

        "These macros rotate a matrix of vectors from one set of Euler angles to another. One macro creates the rotation matrix and a second does the rotation. To test the macros, a pressurized cylinder (or optionally a sphere) is built, meshed, and solved in 6 different coordinate systems. To check accuracy, results are rotated from one CSYS to another by the macros and then compared to ANSYS. Set your text editor's tab stops to 2 for macro readability."

        +

        In the zip file, "zTestRotationVector.mac"is the test model macro, and "zRotateVector.mac"is the main macro to rotate vectors.

        +

        Update 02/07/2009: correction to zRotateVector.mac provided by David Creech.

      • -

        groothuis.pdf

        -

        -

        groothuis.pdf

        +

        Viscoelasticity

        +

        (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Presentation on the viscoelasticity model, introduced in ANSYS 6.1, available for both hypo- and hyper-elasticity (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS"seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

      • -

        grph2svg.zip

        +

        Viscoelasticity [ZIP]

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        This is a quick hack I did to generate SVG files from within ANSYS. There are 3 macros contained in the zip file: GRPH2SVG.MAC is the main one, and the other two are called by GRPH2SVG.

        -

        The macro redirects the plot to an ANSYS Graphics file "stiplot.grph". Then, the macro parses through the GRPH file and generates an SVG file called "stiplot.svg". You can change the font, font size, etc. as you see fit from within the macro. (For details on the contents of the GRPH file, refer to the ANSYS Programmer's Guide for details.)

        -

        Because this parses the GRPH file from within ANSYS, it is slow for complex plots, so I recommend using it only for XY plots — this is only meant to serve as an example of what can be done with APDL and reading the GRPH file contents. Also, I did not bother including support for raster graphics - this macro only supports vector graphics. (If you want raster graphics, use of PNG is better. SVG is really a vector graphics implementation.)

        -

        If you're running Firefox, or if you use Internet Explorer and have the Adobe SVG Viewer Plug-in, you can see a sample contour plot and sample XY plot generated from this macro.

        -

        Because this was created by hand, there may be mistakes - you can let me know if you encounter any. Otherwise, instead of using this macro, you can create an EPS file and use your favorite illustration software to convert it to an SVG file.

        +

        "Viscoelastic constitutive models allow users to analyze the time-dependent relaxation or creep behavior of materials, including glass, polymers, solid rocket propellants, to name a few. One may view viscoelastic materials as containing an elastic and viscous component, similar to a spring and dashpot in series. This memo will introduce viscoelastic input in ANSYS and as well as cover curve-fitting procedures."

      • -

        Example harmonic analysis using the large mass method [PDF]

        -

        David Haberman (CSI)

        -

        Step-by-step instructions on performing an example harmonic analysis using the large mass method.

        +

        Visualizing structural matrices in ANSYS using APDL

        +

        Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "This article presents a method of visualizing structural matrices used in finite-element analysis using ANSYS and the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). The information is intended to provide some insight into the nature of structural matrices used in finite-element codes. Some terms used in sparse-matrix arithmetic are discussed, and methods for calculating certain quantities are provided. A test model is constructed to demonstrate how the stiffness, mass, and damping matrices may be visualized for various systems. The effect of element shape, element type (including superelements), element reordering, and equation reordering on structural matrices is briefly investigated."

      • -

        harmonic_and_random.zip

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        This zip file contains a simple example - single input PSD table for base excitation of a fictitious structure - run as both random vibration and harmonic response analyses. The user can review the contents of the two input files and see how one can relate harmonic analyses (the transfer function) to the response PSD in random vibration analyses. (Actually, one can also look it up in any dynamics textbook, but this just shows how one can do it in ANSYS.)

        -

        (See also TFUN undocumented command to get the transfer function after a random vibration analysis.)

        +

        WEP125G.pdf

        +

        +

        WEP125G.pdf

      • -

        harmonic_cms.zip

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Simple beam example showing procedure for using CMS (component mode synthesis). Same results for the full model (no CMS) and the CMS model.

        +

        Windows file association for ANSYS files [PDF]

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        +

        How to associate database, graphics, and input files with ANSYS under Windows, so one can launch ANSYS more easily without the ANSYS launcher.

      • -

        hyper_elasticcity_curvefitting.pdf

        -

        -

        hyper_elasticcity_curvefitting.pdf

        +

        Workbench XML Material Format

        +

        ANSYS, Inc.

        +

        ANSYS Workbench Engineering Data module (e.g., Workbench Simulation, Workbench FE Modeler) can import/export material data as XML files. These XML files utilize the MatML format, and this zip file contains an example. This can be useful for users wishing to generate their own material libraries in XML format outside of Workbench Engineering Data.

      • -

        hyperelasti_contact_analysis.pdf

        -

        -

        hyperelasti_contact_analysis.pdf

        +

        acton20080825-condition_number.pdf

        +

        Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        "This article presents an overview of the condition number for a matrix and the potential effect of ill conditioning on the solution of a system of linear equations. The information is intended to be general, although specific information relevant to finite-element analysis is also included. Vector and matrix norms are introduced before defining the condition number, and the choice of matrix norm in the calculation of the condition number is discussed. A method of estimating the condition number is also provided, including a sample implementation in the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL)."

      • -

        ibmrd3705C.pdf

        +

        ahieke.pdf

        -

        ibmrd3705C.pdf

        +

        ahieke.pdf

      • -

        ibmrd3705E.pdf

        +

        andersen.pdf

        -

        ibmrd3705E.pdf

        +

        andersen.pdf

      • -

        icpkg.zip

        -

        Steve Groothuis (Micron Technology, Inc.)

        -

        "An example of IC package assembly using element birth and death - a simple 5-step die attach, injection molding, and cool-down processes during IC packaging. (compliments to Bill Bulat on concept)"
        -Unzip the file and read in "icpkg.inp".

        +

        ansys25b.pdf

        +

        +

        ansys25b.pdf

      • -

        impedance.zip

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Example of the use of complex impedance at a surface, which is a new feature in version 13.0 (for 3D FLUID30, FLUID220, FLUID221 acoustic elements). This is a radiating monopole source. Comparison with infinite FLUID130 shows same results with appropriate value of SF,,IMPD defined.

        +

        ansys_news_1995_3.pdf

        +

        +

        ansys_news_1995_3.pdf

      • -

        Finite Element Method Analysis Of Non-Linear Behaviour Of Implants And Stents [PDF]

        -

        J. Awrejcewicz, M. Ciach, K. Wlodarczyk

        -

        Example of using ANSYS for stent application (Mooney-Rivlin and kinematic hardening plasticity).

        +

        ansys_news_1995_4.pdf

        +

        +

        ansys_news_1995_4.pdf

      • -

        inistate.zip

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        This is a very simple example using Workbench Mechanical 12.0.1 to demonstrate use of the INISTATE command in defining initial stress.
        -Open Workbench 12.0.1 (or 12.1) and use "File > Restore Archive ..."and select the zip file to open the model. Solving should take less than a minute.
        -The model is a simple bar. The first analysis branch has 10e3 psi initial stress only in the x-direction. Notice that the block is free to expand - it only has symmetry boundary conditions. The final results show basically zero stress and displacement of -8.1455e-4 inches. Since initial stress is 10e3 and elastic modulus is 29e6 with a length of 2.3622 inches:
        -10e3 / 29e6 * 2.3622 = 8.1455e-4
        -which is the same answer as given by ANSYS.

        -

        The second analysis branch also has 10e3 psi initial stress only in x-direction. However, there is a Frictionless Support preventing the block from expanding. Final results show displacement basically of zero, and stress of 10e3 psi. This is because the initial stress cannot relax due to the boundary conditions, so the final stress = initial stress in this particular case.

        -
      • -

        instantaneous_secant_TCE.zip

        -

        Bill Bulat (CSI)

        -

        Macro to convert instantaneous thermal coefficients of expansion to secant values, with example input file. (This is a zipped file)

        -
      • -

        Analysis Of The FOREVER-Experiments Using A Finite Element Model

        -

        Eberhard Altstadt, Thomas Moessner, Baj Ral Sehgal, Hans-Georg Willschütz

        -

        "An axis-symmetric Finite Element (FE) model is developed based on the multi-purpose code ANSYS/Multiphysics. Using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) module the temperature field within the melt pool and within the vessel wall is evaluated. The transient structural mechanical calculations are then performed applying a creep model which takes into account large temperature, stress and strain variations." (Document 1)

        -
      • -

        jhs.pdf

        +

        ansys_news_1996_2.pdf

        -

        jhs.pdf

        +

        ansys_news_1996_2.pdf

      • -

        jm0323.pdf

        +

        ansys_news_1996_3.pdf

        -

        jm0323.pdf

        +

        ansys_news_1996_3.pdf

      • -

        Analytical Modeling Of Glued Laminated Girder Bridges Using ANSYS

        -

        Anil Kurian

        -

        "This paper aims at developing a finite element model of glued laminated girder bridges that can predict accurately the analytical behavior of the bridges. Two models have been developed to study the characteristics of this type of bridge. Two case studies have been considered to validate the accuracy of the models. The first case study is a long span single-lane bridge, the Tuscaloosa Bridge, in Alabama. The second case study is a medium span two-lane bridge, the Cow Gu lch Bridge, in Montana. The models show good correlation with the experimental data and hence, the models can be used to find the maximum deflections in the bridge."Use of ANSYS 5.0 (1992 version)

        +

        ansys_short_course.pdf

        +

        Tim Langlais (University of Minnesota)

        +

        A short course on ANSYS, using ANSYS 5.4.

      • -

        kyshen.pdf

        +

        ansys_solutions_2002_winter.pdf

        -

        kyshen.pdf

        +

        ansys_solutions_2002_winter.pdf

      • -

        large_area_heinemann.pdf

        +

        ansys_solutions_2003_fall.pdf

        -

        large_area_heinemann.pdf

        +

        ansys_solutions_2003_fall.pdf

      • -

        lau.pdf

        +

        ansys_solutions_2003_spring.pdf

        -

        lau.pdf

        +

        ansys_solutions_2003_spring.pdf

      • -

        limit_load.pdf

        +

        ansys_solutions_2003_summer.pdf

        -

        limit_load.pdf

        -
      • -

        ANSYS PDS article in Machine Design [PDF]

        -

        Stefan Reh

        -

        While this may not be a conventional technical paper, it presents information on ANSYS PDS (Probabilistic Design System), a beta feature in 5.6 and officially released in 5.7. Instead of a deterministic approach, a stochastic method provides better product reliability measures

        +

        ansys_solutions_2003_summer.pdf

      • -

        marval_inzen_mech2007.pdf

        +

        antonova-C2.pdf

        -

        marval_inzen_mech2007.pdf

        +

        antonova-C2.pdf

      • -

        mat2001_I1.pdf

        +

        asyed_ectc2004_corrected.pdf

        -

        mat2001_I1.pdf

        -
      • -

        matlab.zip

        -

        Rick Morgans (Adelaide University)

        -

        "On this subject, I've been meaning to post these for ages -> we've been using these macros to transfer variables between ansys and matlab for yonks. They write and read variables from ansys and matlab -> you can check them out to see how they do it (i.e. I cant remember off of the top of my head) -> I think they write out a format header then write the rest of the variable as a single column.

        -

        varread.m
        -read variable into matlab

        -

        varread.mac
        -read variable into ansys

        -

        varreadc.m
        -read 2 column ansys variable into matlab as a complex variable

        -

        varreadcp.m
        -read "packed"2 column variable into matlab as complex variable

        -

        varreadp.m
        -read "packed"variable into matlab

        -

        varreadp.mac
        -read "packed"variable into ansys

        -

        varwrite.m
        -write a variable from matlab

        -

        varwrite.mac
        -write a variable from ansys

        -

        varwritep.mac
        -write a variable from ansys in "packed"format using a vmask"

        -
      • -

        Algebraic Multigrid By Smoothed Aggregation For Second And Fourth Order Elliptic Problems

        -

        Petr Van Ek, Jan Mandel, and Marian Brezina

        -

        "An algebraic multigrid algorithm for symmetric, positive definite linear systems is developed based on the concept of prolongation by smoothed aggregation. Coarse levels are generated automatically. We present a set of requirements motivated heuristically by a convergence theory. The algorithm then attempts to satisfy the requirements. Input to the method are the coefficient matrix and zero energy modes, which are determined from nodal coordinates and knowledge of the differential equation. Efficiency of the resulting algorithm is demonstrated by computational results on real world problems from solid elasticity, plate bending, and shells."

        -
      • -

        mems-thermal-analogy-fsi-damping.pdf

        -

        -

        mems-thermal-analogy-fsi-damping.pdf

        +

        asyed_ectc2004_corrected.pdf

      • -

        mems_1_of_3.pdf

        +

        barni1.pdf

        -

        mems_1_of_3.pdf

        +

        barni1.pdf

      • -

        mems_2_of_3.pdf

        -

        -

        mems_2_of_3.pdf

        +

        batch.zip

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        This is an example of how to drag-and-drop a .db file onto a DOS batch file to initiate an analysis.

        +

        Unzip the file and rename "Run Nonlinear.txt "to Run Nonlinear.bat". Place it on your desktop.

        +

        Place "solve_batch.inp"in your D: drive or edit "Run Nonlinear.bat"to change the location of this APDL input file.

        +

        Drag and drop any .db file containing a ready-to-solve nonlinear analysis onto "Run Nonlinear.bat".

        +

        You will find that the solution will initiate in the same working directory, and you can also track the nonlinear solution graphically as the solution is solving in batch.

      • -

        mems_3_of_3.pdf

        +

        benchmark_1.zip

        -

        mems_3_of_3.pdf

        +

        benchmark_1.zip

      • -

        memsissue1.pdf

        +

        bericht92.pdf

        -

        memsissue1.pdf

        +

        bericht92.pdf

      • -

        memsissue2.pdf

        +

        boot.zip

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Old model originally created back in ANSYS 6.0. Recently tested and seems to solve fine as-is in ANSYS 12.1, so I expect all versions in-between should run fine, too. Hyperelasticity, self-contact, rigid-deformable contact are present. Animation of same model (with finer mesh) is on the gallery page.

        +
      • +

        bzahn00.pdf

        -

        memsissue2.pdf

        +

        bzahn00.pdf

      • -

        memsissue3.pdf

        +

        bzahn_ball_via_fatigue_paper.pdf

        -

        memsissue3.pdf

        +

        bzahn_ball_via_fatigue_paper.pdf

      • -

        memsissue4.pdf

        +

        cj21-wai.pdf

        -

        memsissue4.pdf

        +

        cj21-wai.pdf

      • -

        methods_for_modeling_bolts.pdf

        -

        Jerome Montgomery

        -

        "Modeling bolts for three-dimensional finite element applications have, and still continue to raise questions. The limitations on model size sometimes make modeling of solid bolts impractical. Therefore, many analysts choose other methods to model bolts. Line elements with coupled nodes and line elements with spider beams are a couple of alternative approaches. This paper looks at a few methods for modeling pretension bolted joints using the finite element method (ANSYS 5.7). Pretension is modeled using ANSYS pretension elements (PRETS179) which can be used on solid or line element types. Surface-to-surface contact elements are used to account for varying contact distribution along flanges. Bolt head and nut behavior is modeled by, coupled nodes, beam elements, rigid body elements (RBE3), or solids. Bolt stud is modeled by solid elements, beam elements, pipe elements, or link elements. The choice of line elements versus solid elements is determined by the degree of complexity sought. The pros and cons of different simulations are also discussed."

        +

        closed_tank.zip

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Comparison of FLUID30 (acoustic fluid element) and FLUID80 (contained fluid element) for sloshing in a tank.

      • -

        micro3.pdf

        +

        compressive.pdf

        -

        micro3.pdf

        +

        compressive.pdf

      • -

        Modeling Diesel Engine Cylinder Head Gaskets using the Gasket Material Option of the SOLID185 Element

        -

        Jonathan Raub

        -

        "The modeling of diesel engine cylinder head gasket joints is complicated by the nonlinear response of the head gasket’s materials. Linearization of these material responses can lead to significant errors in the solution’s results. The 1-dimensional nonlinear approximation made by the Gasket material option of the SOLID185 element sufficiently captures the response of the nonlinear gasket materials while maintaining practical solution times for the large model sizes associated with multi-cylinder head gasket joint models. This paper will give an overview of the model building and assembly process used to create a head gasket joint model, describe the nonlinear nature of the materials used in the model, and present comparisons of the model’s results with experimental measurements."

        -

        [STI: There is a gasket-specific material & element in 6.1, not available at the time of the writing]

        +

        conflong_hypHyperelasticity

        +

        (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Presentation on the various hyperelastic strain energy functions available in ANSYS (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).erel.pdf

      • -

        Numerial Implementation of Multiaxial High-Cycle Fatigue Criterion to Structural Optimization

        -

        Miroslaw Mrzyglód, Andrzej P. Zielinski

        -

        "Modern multiaxial high-cycle fatigue criteria were investigated with respect to their application in structural optimization procedures coupled with finite element codes. As a result of tests carried out for several fatigue criteria, the Dang Van hypothesis was used for the detailed numerical study. A way of respective adapting the high-cycle load history was also suggested. The complete algorithm of the fatigue optimization was illustrated by applying the proposed procedures to vehicle parts which are subject to high-cycle loadings. The finite element code ANSYS was used in the structural modeling."

        -

        [ANSYS Structural, version 8.1]

        +

        coolingreview.pdf

        +

        +

        coolingreview.pdf

        +
      • +

        cpainter_SPIE.pdf

        +

        +

        cpainter_SPIE.pdf

      • -

        muffler.zip

        +

        creating Custom Animations [ZIP]

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        This memo provides basic instruction on performing acoustic analyses in Workbench Mechanical 14.0. An example of calculation of transmission loss in a muffler is demonstrated.

        +

        "Animations are quite useful, both in presenting results of an analysis to others as well as obtaining better insight into the complex response of a system. While ANSYS has many built-in animation capabilities, sometimes, it may be necessary to create a macro for a customized animation. This memo covers one method of generating such animations."

        +
      • +

        dakota.zip

        +

        Dave Lindeman (3M)

        +

        "I recently experimented with coupling ANSYS and DAKOTA, and thought the list might be interested in the results. DAKOTA, if you're not familiar with it, is a public-domain optimization code available from Sandia National Laboratories (see http://endo.sandia.gov/DAKOTA/). It has several advanced optimization algorithms (e.g., genetic algorithms), supports discrete variables, and has several other features that make it a nice complement to the optimization and probabilistic design modules within ANSYS. And it's FREE.

        +

        "Anyways, the procedure for using DAKOTA with ANSYS consists of creating a DAKOTA input file (DAKOTA in the attachments) that identifies the design variables, state variables, optimization method, etc. Also, within this file you identify the command to be issued to execute the code you are using to generate the response variables (analysis_driver = 'ansys.prl', in the attached example). To execute ANSYS I use an intermediate Perl script (ansys.prl) that translates the design variable file generated by DAKOTA (parameters_file = 'dakota.dv') into something ANSYS can understand (written out to ansys.dv). The Perl script then executes ANSYS. Note that the Perl script is general purpose -- it should work for any application. The only thing you should need to change is filenames, in particular the name of your ANSYS script (in my example, 'ANSYS'). The ANSYS script reads in the design variable file using /INPUT, performs the analysis, then outputs the result variables to a file (results_file = 'dakota.rv') using *CFOPEN and *VWRITE.

        +

        "To execute the analysis you use (for example) the command line: dakota -i DAKOTA > dakota.log &

        +

        "That's pretty much it. Pretty straightforward once you figure out the DAKOTA input file syntax. The attached example is the simple beam optimization problem used in the ANSYS documentation."

      • -

        mutamba2.pdf

        +

        demotlbr.zip

        +

        (PADT)

        +

        "To use this demonstration of the ANSYS toolbar capabilities extract these files to your working directory. You must then copy the tlbrlist61.ans file from the ANSYS installation docu/english/tlbrlist61.ans to your working directory. Add DEMO.TLB to the bottom of the file. Run ANSYS and then move the split bar at the bottom up to show the bottom pane where the demo toolbar is embedded."
        +Example showing how to customize the ANSYS 6.1 Toolbar.

        +
      • +

        diemold2001.pdf

        -

        mutamba2.pdf

        +

        diemold2001.pdf

      • -

        mw2000_1031.pdf

        +

        disrpap.pdf

        -

        mw2000_1031.pdf

        +

        disrpap.pdf

      • -

        Construction Machinery Cab Vibro-Acoustic Analysis and Optimisation

        -

        L. Bregant, G. Miccoli, M. Seppi

        -

        "A 3D cavity representing the earth-moving machine cab has been modelled by means of a FE structural mesh (Ansys), reproducing the characteristics of the real structure. Starting from the cab vibration load experimental acquisition, a BEM coupled analysis (Sysnoise) has been carried out to evaluate the cab inner vibro-acoustic field as a function of the physical properties of each structural element. A multi-objective design optimisation code (modeFrontier) drives the analysis process flow taking into account the cab parameter structural modifications and carrying out the vibro-acoustic field optimisation."
        -[ANSYS Dynamics, version unspecified]

        +

        elastdata_Unix.zip

        +

        Hursha Narayan (Robert Bosch Corporation)

        +

        Macro for a fully automated procedure for calculating M-R coefficients from Test Data
        +"I have developed a macro that fully automates the importing of elastomer test data into ANSYS and calculate the Mooney-Rivlin coefficients. The macro uses Lagrange interpolation technique to calculate the stress data at equal intervals of strain. This can then be read into an array in ANSYS to evaluate the M-R coeffs. I'm sending you Windows and Unix version of the macro. The difference between the two versions are in the awk and script files that I use to manipulate data. The user needs to go through all the files just to change the directories where the files will be located and accessed. The files reformat(Unix) and reformat.csh(windows) should have rwx permissions. The reformat.csh used in windows can be converted to a batch file. Awk utility should be available under windows. The procedure expects Simple Tension, Planar Tension and Biaxial Extension data to be available."

      • -

        Neighborhood-based Element Sizing Control for Finite Element Surface Meshing [PDF]

        -

        Steven Owen, and Sunil Saigal

        -

        "A method is presented for controlling element sizes on the interior of areas during surface meshing. A Delaunay background mesh is defined over which a neighborhood based interpolation scheme is used to interpolate element sizes."

        +

        erfurt02new_detector-reprint.pdf

        +

        +

        erfurt02new_detector-reprint.pdf

      • -

        A Non-Linear Domain Decomposition Method

        -

        Iakov Mordukhovich Klebanov, Andrei Nikolaevich Davydov

        -

        "A new domain decomposition technique for parallelization of physically non-linear problems in solid mechanics is developed. It is extended for any stress-strain diagrams. The approach is based on the approximating generalized models of subdomains that leads to a considerably fewer number of iterations requiring updating of substructure parameters. The analytical proof of the convergence of the theoretical iterative procedure and the demonstration of convergence of its numerical implementation with the help of ANSYS are presented."

        +

        expansion.pdf

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        This is a description of an ANSYS Workbench 13.0 project and the use of the HSFLD242 (hydrostatic fluid) element. It is a fictitious model of the expansion of a tire and subsequent displacement-loading to a rigid surface (e.g., ground).

      • -

        nonlinear_finite_element_modeling_titanium.pdf

        +

        fiber_concrete.pdf

        -

        nonlinear_finite_element_modeling_titanium.pdf

        +

        fiber_concrete.pdf

        +
      • +

        fsi-ansys.pdf

        +

        +

        fsi-ansys.pdf

        +
      • +

        groothuis.pdf

        +

        +

        groothuis.pdf

        +
      • +

        grph2svg.zip

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        This is a quick hack I did to generate SVG files from within ANSYS. There are 3 macros contained in the zip file: GRPH2SVG.MAC is the main one, and the other two are called by GRPH2SVG.

        +

        The macro redirects the plot to an ANSYS Graphics file "stiplot.grph". Then, the macro parses through the GRPH file and generates an SVG file called "stiplot.svg". You can change the font, font size, etc. as you see fit from within the macro. (For details on the contents of the GRPH file, refer to the ANSYS Programmer's Guide for details.)

        +

        Because this parses the GRPH file from within ANSYS, it is slow for complex plots, so I recommend using it only for XY plots — this is only meant to serve as an example of what can be done with APDL and reading the GRPH file contents. Also, I did not bother including support for raster graphics - this macro only supports vector graphics. (If you want raster graphics, use of PNG is better. SVG is really a vector graphics implementation.)

        +

        If you're running Firefox, or if you use Internet Explorer and have the Adobe SVG Viewer Plug-in, you can see a sample contour plot and sample XY plot generated from this macro.

        +

        Because this was created by hand, there may be mistakes - you can let me know if you encounter any. Otherwise, instead of using this macro, you can create an EPS file and use your favorite illustration software to convert it to an SVG file.

      • -

        nonlinear_problems_of_steel_civil_structures.pdf

        -

        Milan Vasek

        -

        "The civil engineering structures are today designed with respect to the limit state of serviceability and limit states of the strength and stability. The design of more efficient and light structures leads to the nonlinear analysis of deflections and stresses. Some parts of structure could reach the yield point under the design load. Some parts of structure could lose their local stability. These complex problems of a different nature are possible to solve by FEM methods."

        -
      • -

        numib695.pdf

        -

        -

        numib695.pdf

        -
      • -

        An Object Oriented Approach to Geometry Defeaturing for Finite Element Meshing [PDF]

        -

        Anton V. Mobley, Michael P. Carroll, and Scott A. Canann

        -

        "In this paper, an object-oriented approach to automatic geometry defeaturing is presented. The geometric and finite element data abstractions are given, along with the basic algorithms used."

        -
      • -

        Design Optimization of an Automotive Universal Joint Considering Manufacturing Cost

        -

        Nick Cristello and Il Yong Kim

        -

        "This paper presents the shape optimization of an automotive universal joint, by simultaneously considering manufacturing cost, maximum drivable joint angle and part volume. Comprised of three main components - two yokes and a cross trunnion - a universal joint is a linkage used to transmit rotational motion from one shaft to another when the axes are coplanar, but not coinciding. In this research, universal joint designs are analyzed and compared using a weighted sum of three objective functions: minimization of machining cost, maximization of adjoining shaft joint angle, and minimization of total part volume. Part modeling and analysis is conducted using the Finite Element Analysis package ANSYS and optimization is implemented using MATLAB. The results show Pareto frontiers for both the flange and weld yoke, constructed using the Adaptive Weighted Sum technique. These frontiers clearly illustrate the trade-off between machining cost and joint angle; that is, to increase the joint angle, a corresponding increase in the cost of the part is required. It has been shown that maximization of driveable joint angle requires a simultaneous increase in machining cost of 4.4% and 2.7% for the flange and weld yoke, respectively."
        -[ANSYS Structural, version 9.0]

        -
      • -

        An Introduction to the Conjugate Gradient Method Without the Agonizing Pain

        -

        Jonathan R. Shewchuk

        -

        This paper presents a very well-written explanation of conjugate gradient methods. It is helpful in understanding better the idea behind CG solvers in ANSYS (PCG, JCG, ICCG, AMG, etc.).

        +

        harmonic_and_random.zip

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        This zip file contains a simple example - single input PSD table for base excitation of a fictitious structure - run as both random vibration and harmonic response analyses. The user can review the contents of the two input files and see how one can relate harmonic analyses (the transfer function) to the response PSD in random vibration analyses. (Actually, one can also look it up in any dynamics textbook, but this just shows how one can do it in ANSYS.)

        +

        (See also TFUN undocumented command to get the transfer function after a random vibration analysis.)

      • -

        penny3d.zip

        +

        harmonic_cms.zip

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Simple example using ANSYS Workbench 12.0 to show one way to generate a penny-shaped crack (3D crack) for fracture mechanics (using CINT command to evaluate J-integral and stress intensity factors).

        +

        Simple beam example showing procedure for using CMS (component mode synthesis). Same results for the full model (no CMS) and the CMS model.

      • -

        popelar1.pdf

        +

        hyper_elasticcity_curvefitting.pdf

        -

        popelar1.pdf

        +

        hyper_elasticcity_curvefitting.pdf

      • -

        popelar3.pdf

        +

        ibmrd3705C.pdf

        -

        popelar3.pdf

        -
      • -

        Post Refinement Element Shape Improvement for Quadrilaterial Meshes [PDF]

        -

        Matthew L. Staten and Scott A. Canann

        -

        "This paper presents techniques for improving the quality of quadrilateral meshes after Schneiders' refinement. Improvement techniques use topology and node valence optimization rather than shape metrics. Hence, improvement is computationally inexpensive."

        +

        ibmrd3705C.pdf

      • -

        prony.zip

        -

        John Thompson (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Macro to do curve-fitting for TB,PRONY constants for given relaxation data.
        -[STI: Note that, at 8.0 and above, curve-fitting of TB,PRONY is directly available in ANSYS with the TBFT command.]

        -
      • -

        Radiation article in ANSYS Solutions Magazine [PDF]

        -

        Dave Looman (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Overview of ANSYS's radiation capabilities, including a discussion on the radiosity solution method.

        -
      • -

        rbcm22.pdf

        +

        ibmrd3705E.pdf

        -

        rbcm22.pdf

        +

        ibmrd3705E.pdf

      • -

        Creep Resistance and Creep Bending Resistance of Light Metal Matrix Composites for Research in Airframe Structural Effiency

        -

        E. Neubauer and H.Peter Degischer

        -

        "Main aim of the research in the frame of the AMTT programme was the testing of a fiber reinforced Al-alloy. For investigation of the creep behaviour of this material, creep tests under bending were performed. The tested material was Al99.85+0.1%Mg reinforced with Al2O3 fibers (Altex/Sumitomo), which was prepared by means of gas pressure infiltration. Main benefit of such a material for application would be the lowering of the weight of the material without a loss of properties."(see Appendix A for ANSYS use in this document)

        +

        icpkg.zip

        +

        Steve Groothuis (Micron Technology, Inc.)

        +

        "An example of IC package assembly using element birth and death - a simple 5-step die attach, injection molding, and cool-down processes during IC packaging. (compliments to Bill Bulat on concept)"
        +Unzip the file and read in "icpkg.inp".

      • -

        roller.zip

        +

        impedance.zip

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Simple example of a hollow metal pipe being bent by rollers. Rigid-deformable contact, metal plasticity, use of Joints (MPC184) are in the Workbench Mechanical 12.1 model.

        +

        Example of the use of complex impedance at a surface, which is a new feature in version 13.0 (for 3D FLUID30, FLUID220, FLUID221 acoustic elements). This is a radiating monopole source. Comparison with infinite FLUID130 shows same results with appropriate value of SF,,IMPD defined.

      • -

        siysdcap

        +

        inistate.zip

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Tip on visualizing the Drucker-Prager Cap model yield surface.

        +

        This is a very simple example using Workbench Mechanical 12.0.1 to demonstrate use of the INISTATE command in defining initial stress.
        +Open Workbench 12.0.1 (or 12.1) and use "File > Restore Archive ..."and select the zip file to open the model. Solving should take less than a minute.
        +The model is a simple bar. The first analysis branch has 10e3 psi initial stress only in the x-direction. Notice that the block is free to expand - it only has symmetry boundary conditions. The final results show basically zero stress and displacement of -8.1455e-4 inches. Since initial stress is 10e3 and elastic modulus is 29e6 with a length of 2.3622 inches:
        +10e3 / 29e6 * 2.3622 = 8.1455e-4
        +which is the same answer as given by ANSYS.

        +

        The second analysis branch also has 10e3 psi initial stress only in x-direction. However, there is a Frictionless Support preventing the block from expanding. Final results show displacement basically of zero, and stress of 10e3 psi. This is because the initial stress cannot relax due to the boundary conditions, so the final stress = initial stress in this particular case.

        +
      • +

        instantaneous_secant_TCE.zip

        +

        Bill Bulat (CSI)

        +

        Macro to convert instantaneous thermal coefficients of expansion to secant values, with example input file. (This is a zipped file)

        +
      • +

        jhs.pdf

        +

        +

        jhs.pdf

      • -

        skinner_thesis.pdf

        +

        jm0323.pdf

        -

        skinner_thesis.pdf

        +

        jm0323.pdf

      • -

        ANSYS Equation Solvers: Usage and Guidelines

        -

        Gene Poole (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Discussion of ANSYS solvers, focusing on the sparse direct solver and PCG iterative solver.
        -Originally presented at the 2002 Conference.

        +

        kyshen.pdf

        +

        +

        kyshen.pdf

      • -

        spice1.pdf

        +

        large_area_heinemann.pdf

        -

        spice1.pdf

        +

        large_area_heinemann.pdf

      • -

        spice2.pdf

        +

        lau.pdf

        -

        spice2.pdf

        +

        lau.pdf

      • -

        spie98.pdf

        +

        limit_load.pdf

        -

        spie98.pdf

        +

        limit_load.pdf

      • -

        sprs_mprs.zip

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        The attached zip file includes a simple example demonstrating the procedure to perform a single-point response spectrum (SPRS), where the excitation in 3 direction is applied together (using SRSS combination), not independently. The procedure for multi-point response spectrum (MPRS) is included as well for the same situation. An Excel spreadsheet shows that the results obtained for this simple model is the same for both methods (compare the mode coefficients for each squared mode in the spreadsheet).

        +

        marval_inzen_mech2007.pdf

        +

        +

        marval_inzen_mech2007.pdf

      • -

        Dynamic Pile Testing and Finite Element Calculations for the Bearing Capacity of a Quay Wall Foundation

        -

        F. Kirsch, B. Plaßmann, T. Huch, W. Rodatz

        -

        "In April 1999 the construction of a new quay wall in the port of Hamburg started. In a first stage two new berths with an overall length of 1400 m will be built. In order to proof the bearing capacity of the foundation dynamic pile testing is performed to a great extent. To date more than thirty different piles were tested by the Institute for Foundation Engineering and Soil Mechanics of the Technical University of Braunschweig. In order to check for possible set-up effects redriven tests were performed. For comparison reasons static load tests were also carried out, one of which was done with an instrumented pile to allow skin friction and end bearing to be evaluated separately. The CAPWAP results proofed to be very helpful especially in those cases where the testing situation differed from the later service condition. Special questions called for detailed finite element analysis of the load-settlement behaviour of single piles in certain construction stages."
        -Although ANSYS is not explicitly mentioned, F. Kirsch also used ANSYS in two related papers, Stability of the vault developing over Soilcrete bodies and Ground Improvement and Its Numerical Analysis.

        +

        mat2001_I1.pdf

        +

        +

        mat2001_I1.pdf

        +
      • +

        matlab.zip

        +

        Rick Morgans (Adelaide University)

        +

        "On this subject, I've been meaning to post these for ages -> we've been using these macros to transfer variables between ansys and matlab for yonks. They write and read variables from ansys and matlab -> you can check them out to see how they do it (i.e. I cant remember off of the top of my head) -> I think they write out a format header then write the rest of the variable as a single column.

        +

        varread.m
        +read variable into matlab

        +

        varread.mac
        +read variable into ansys

        +

        varreadc.m
        +read 2 column ansys variable into matlab as a complex variable

        +

        varreadcp.m
        +read "packed"2 column variable into matlab as complex variable

        +

        varreadp.m
        +read "packed"variable into matlab

        +

        varreadp.mac
        +read "packed"variable into ansys

        +

        varwrite.m
        +write a variable from matlab

        +

        varwrite.mac
        +write a variable from ansys

        +

        varwritep.mac
        +write a variable from ansys in "packed"format using a vmask"

        +
      • +

        mems-thermal-analogy-fsi-damping.pdf

        +

        +

        mems-thermal-analogy-fsi-damping.pdf

      • -

        substr-fullpost.zip

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Fictitious model used to demonstrate substructuring. SETRAN and SESYMM are used to translate and reflect a superelement. RSPLIT and RSTOFF are also used, and postprocessing of the entire model (superelements and non-superelements) is shown.

        +

        mems_1_of_3.pdf

        +

        +

        mems_1_of_3.pdf

      • -

        Structural surface Effect Elements, General Overview

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        An overview presentation and example workshop on structural surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed.

        +

        mems_2_of_3.pdf

        +

        +

        mems_2_of_3.pdf

      • -

        Thermal surface Effect Elements, General Overview

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        An overview presentation and example workshop on thermal surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed.

        +

        mems_3_of_3.pdf

        +

        +

        mems_3_of_3.pdf

      • -

        t2107.pdf

        +

        memsissue1.pdf

        -

        t2107.pdf

        +

        memsissue1.pdf

      • -

        Parameter Studies For Enhanced Integrity Of Reciprocating Compressor Foundation Blocks

        -

        Jayant S. Mandke, Anthony J. Smalley

        -

        "The model development and analyses of reinforced concrete block used the ANSYS finite element program."

        +

        memsissue2.pdf

        +

        +

        memsissue2.pdf

      • -

        tan_wei_200804_phd.pdf

        +

        memsissue3.pdf

        -

        tan_wei_200804_phd.pdf

        +

        memsissue3.pdf

      • -

        Thermal contact overview [PDF]

        -

        Yongyi Zhu (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Presentation on the thermal contact capabilities of the surface-to-surface contact elements, beta at 5.6.
        -Input file for pressure-dependent thermal conductance

        +

        memsissue4.pdf

        +

        +

        memsissue4.pdf

      • -

        Predicting Human Thermal Comfort in a Transient Nonuniform Thermal Environment

        -

        J.P. Rugh, R.B. Farrington, D. Bharathan, A. Vlahinos, R. Burke, C. Huizenga, and H. Zhang

        -

        "The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has developed a suite of thermal comfort tools to assist in the development of smaller and more efficient climate control systems in automobiles. These tools, which include a 126-segment sweating manikin, a finite element physiological model of the human body, and a psychological model based on human subject testing, are designed to predict human thermal comfort in transient nonuniform thermal environments such as automobiles. The manikin measures the heat loss from the human body in the vehicle environment and sends the heat flux from each segment to the physiological model. The physiological model predicts the body’s response to the environment, determines 126 segment skin temperatures, sweat rates, and breathing rate, and transmits the data to the manikin. The psychological model uses temperature data from the physiological model to predict the local and global thermal comfort as a function of local skin and core temperatures and their rates of change. Results of initial integration testing show the thermal response of a manikin segment to transient environmental conditions."

        -

        [ANSYS Thermal, version unknown]

        +

        micro3.pdf

        +

        +

        micro3.pdf

      • -

        A Vision-Based Technique for Objective Assessment of Burn Scars

        -

        Leonid V. Tsap, Dmitry B. Goldgof, Sudeep Sarkar, and Pauline S. Powers

        -

        "In this paper a method for the objective assessment of burn scars is proposed. The quantitative measures developed in this research provide an objective way to calculate elastic properties of burn scars relative to the surrounding areas. The approach combines range data and the mechanics and motion dynamics of human tissues. Active contours are employed to locate regions of interest and to find displacements of feature points using automatically established correspondences. Changes in strain distribution over time are evaluated. Given images at two time instances and their corresponding features, the finite element method is used to synthesize strain distributions of the underlying tissues."

        +

        muffler.zip

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        This memo provides basic instruction on performing acoustic analyses in Workbench Mechanical 14.0. An example of calculation of transmission loss in a muffler is demonstrated.

      • -

        tms95.pdf

        +

        mutamba2.pdf

        -

        tms95.pdf

        +

        mutamba2.pdf

      • -

        transducers-paper_3.pdf

        +

        mw2000_1031.pdf

        -

        transducers-paper_3.pdf

        +

        mw2000_1031.pdf

      • -

        Fully Automatic Adaptive Mesh Refinement Integrated into the Solution Process

        -

        Joseph R. Tristano, Zhijan Chen, D. Alfred Hancq, Wa Kwok

        -

        "Finite element analysts and designers need to feel confident in the results of their analyses before sending a product to prototype or production. Mesh discretization can greatly influence the desired results. In this paper we present framework for adaptive mesh refinement to obtain FEA results with a desired accuracy. The process involves adaptively refining the mesh based on solution error norms until the result desired converges to certain accuracy. The adaptive refinement/meshing process must be fully automatic and very robust. We present an exhaustive method to create a fully automatic and integrated process that takes advantage of many of the mesh refinement and mesh optimization algorithms found in literature. The results of the process provide the user with the desired accuracy in the smallest number of iterations possible."

        -

        [Workbench Simulation, version 7.1]

        +

        nonlinear_problems_of_steel_civil_structures.pdf

        +

        Milan Vasek

        +

        "The civil engineering structures are today designed with respect to the limit state of serviceability and limit states of the strength and stability. The design of more efficient and light structures leads to the nonlinear analysis of deflections and stresses. Some parts of structure could reach the yield point under the design load. Some parts of structure could lose their local stability. These complex problems of a different nature are possible to solve by FEM methods."

      • -

        ultrasonic2000.pdf

        +

        numib695.pdf

        -

        ultrasonic2000.pdf

        +

        numib695.pdf

      • -

        user01.zip

        +

        penny3d.zip

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Very simple example showing use of user-defined command (USER01).

        -

        This UPF command simply reads and interpolates a defined table array. Use of the parevl() is also shown in this simple input.

        +

        Simple example using ANSYS Workbench 12.0 to show one way to generate a penny-shaped crack (3D crack) for fracture mechanics (using CINT command to evaluate J-integral and stress intensity factors).

        +
      • +

        popelar1.pdf

        +

        +

        popelar1.pdf

        +
      • +

        popelar3.pdf

        +

        +

        popelar3.pdf

      • -

        Advanced Tools for Design and Analyses of High Temperature Cyclic Loaded Turbine Components

        -

        U. Gampe, I. Martynov, J. Keyser

        -

        "The paper presents a new concept to predict viscoplastic deformations in components under thermal mechanical loading. This approach is based both on material data from uniaxial creep tests and additional laboratory component tests to consider the influence of multiaxiality. This concept was used for analysis of feature tests of flat tensile specimens with central hole. The maximum test temperature was 600 °C and the surface of the hole was attacked by cyclic thermal shocks."(This paper refers to use of ANSYS User-Defined Materials. A related paper is Laboratory Component Testing for Investigation of Material Degradation from Creep-Fatigue Interaction.)

        +

        prony.zip

        +

        John Thompson (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Macro to do curve-fitting for TB,PRONY constants for given relaxation data.
        +[STI: Note that, at 8.0 and above, curve-fitting of TB,PRONY is directly available in ANSYS with the TBFT command.]

      • -

        usermat.pdf

        +

        rbcm22.pdf

        -

        Document describing the USERMAT user material subroutine.

        +

        rbcm22.pdf

      • -

        Converting Prony Series to Frequency Domain

        +

        roller.zip

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Simple example showing how to convert Prony series for viscoelasticity from time domain to frequency domain. This is to convert TB,PRONY to TB,ELASTIC/SDAMP for use in harmonic response analyses.

        +

        Simple example of a hollow metal pipe being bent by rollers. Rigid-deformable contact, metal plasticity, use of Joints (MPC184) are in the Workbench Mechanical 12.1 model.

      • -

        VM256 with Workbench Mechanical

        +

        siysdcap

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Created a Workbench 12.0 version of VM256.
        -Useful for users who may wish to get a better understanding of implementing the CINT command inside of Workbench Mechanical for J-integral and stress intensity factor calculations.

        +

        Tip on visualizing the Drucker-Prager Cap model yield surface.

        +
      • +

        skinner_thesis.pdf

        +

        +

        skinner_thesis.pdf

      • -

        VM267 with Workbench Mechanical

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Created a Workbench 12.0 version of VM267.
        -Useful for users who may wish to get a better understanding of implementing the CINT command inside of Workbench Mechanical for stress intensity factor calculations.

        +

        spice1.pdf

        +

        +

        spice1.pdf

      • -

        Design, Fabrication, and Testing of Fixed-Valve Micro-Pumps [PDF]

        -

        F. Forster, R. Bardell, M. Afromowitz, N. Sharma, and A. Blanchard

        -

        Use of Flotran for micropump analysis. (MEMS

        +

        spice2.pdf

        +

        +

        spice2.pdf

      • -

        Text and compression utilities [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        -

        Memo on text editors which support syntax highlighting, useful in editing input files and/or macros. Also discusses compression utilities to reduce filesize of database and results files. (Also see "bzip2"compression utility, not discussed in memo)

        +

        spie98.pdf

        +

        +

        spie98.pdf

      • -

        Modeling preloaded bolts [PDF]

        +

        sprs_mprs.zip

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Modeling preload in bolts via contact offset, thermal contraction, or the new pretension elements PRETS179.
        -PRELOAD1, PRELOAD2, and PRELOAD3 input files

        +

        The attached zip file includes a simple example demonstrating the procedure to perform a single-point response spectrum (SPRS), where the excitation in 3 direction is applied together (using SRSS combination), not independently. The procedure for multi-point response spectrum (MPRS) is included as well for the same situation. An Excel spreadsheet shows that the results obtained for this simple model is the same for both methods (compare the mode coefficients for each squared mode in the spreadsheet).

      • -

        Load vs. displacement control in contact problems [PDF]

        -

        Karen Dhuyvetter (CSI)

        -

        Discussion on load vs. displacement control for contact problems.

        +

        substr-fullpost.zip

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Fictitious model used to demonstrate substructuring. SETRAN and SESYMM are used to translate and reflect a superelement. RSPLIT and RSTOFF are also used, and postprocessing of the entire model (superelements and non-superelements) is shown.

      • -

        Random Vibration Analysis of a Circuit Board [PDF]

        -

        Sean Harvey (CSI)

        -

        Example of random vibration analysis of a circuit board in ANSYS.
        -Input files in zip format

        +

        t2107.pdf

        +

        +

        t2107.pdf

      • -

        Different Methods of Connecting Parts Together [PDF]

        -

        Sean Harvey (CSI)

        -

        Connecting Parts - A study of Continuous Mesh versus Bonded Contact versus Constraint Equations.

        +

        tan_wei_200804_phd.pdf

        +

        +

        tan_wei_200804_phd.pdf

      • -

        week25-ETABLE.pdf

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        -

        Short description on the usage and features of element tables in ANSYS.

        +

        tms95.pdf

        +

        +

        tms95.pdf

      • -

        Calculating effective Coefficient of Thermal Expansion [PDF]

        -

        Bill Bulat (CSI)

        -

        Tips on how to define coefficient of thermal expansion and converting that material data to format that ANSYS can use.

        +

        transducers-paper_3.pdf

        +

        +

        transducers-paper_3.pdf

      • -

        Structural Surface Effect Elements Intro [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -

        Introduction to structural surface effect elements (SURF153/154).
        -BOLTLOAD input file

        +

        ultrasonic2000.pdf

        +

        +

        ultrasonic2000.pdf

      • -

        Sine sweep simulation [PDF]

        -

        David Haberman (CSI

        -

        Discussion on harmonic sweeps, either via the direct displacement method or the large mass method.
        -Direct displacement method example input file and Large mass method example input file

        +

        user01.zip

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        Very simple example showing use of user-defined command (USER01).

        +

        This UPF command simply reads and interpolates a defined table array. Use of the parevl() is also shown in this simple input.

      • -

        License monitoring and reporting [PDF]

        -

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        -

        Information on license monitoring and reporting for Elan (ANSYS 5.4-5.6). At 5.7, licensing has reverted back to FlexLM, and this document is not applicable.

        +

        usermat.pdf

        +

        unknown

        +

        Document describing the USERMAT user material subroutine.

      • -

        QR Damped Modal Analysis [PDF]

        +

        week25-ETABLE.pdf

        Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

        -

        Presentation on different damped eigenvalue extraction methods in ANSYS, focusing on the newer QR Damped method.
        -Input files in zip format

        +

        Short description on the usage and features of element tables in ANSYS.

      • ws_jss2002.pdf

        From 35968c0d2891ede4165619e0a9aa09b5fafb717a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: smhrjn Date: Thu, 16 Sep 2021 05:25:08 +0200 Subject: [PATCH 12/13] descriptions added --- _site/_data/misc.json | 18 +- _site/_data/resources.json | 1227 +++++++++++++++++-------------- dist/feed/feed.xml | 2 +- dist/index.html | 56 +- dist/miscellaneous/0/index.html | 14 +- dist/resources/0/index.html | 150 ++-- dist/resources/1/index.html | 100 +-- dist/resources/2/index.html | 199 +++-- dist/resources/3/index.html | 282 ++++--- dist/resources/4/index.html | 281 ++++--- dist/resources/5/index.html | 292 ++++---- dist/resources/6/index.html | 278 ++++--- dist/resources/7/index.html | 274 +++---- dist/resources/8/index.html | 331 +++++---- dist/resources/9/index.html | 96 ++- 15 files changed, 1870 insertions(+), 1730 deletions(-) diff --git a/_site/_data/misc.json b/_site/_data/misc.json index 2a244ef..e567b1f 100644 --- a/_site/_data/misc.json +++ b/_site/_data/misc.json @@ -6,10 +6,16 @@ "description": "This is an XML file that can be used in Workbench Mechanical to provide 12 common views aligned with the coordinate axes. The naming convention is \"Up-Axis + Axis of viewing\", i.e. \"Z+X\" means \"Z axis is up, looking in the direction of positive X\". To import this XML file into Workbench Mechanical, go to \"View menu > Windows > Manage Views\", then click on the \"Import...\" icon in the Manage Views panel to import this XML file." }, { - "title": "ans-history.txt", - "author": "ansys.net", + "title": "Shaping Optimization of Turbine Disk and Bearing Seal", + "author": "Shen-Yeh Chen", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/Intro05.ppt", + "description": "Example of use of in-house optimization code with ANSYS to produce optimization of structures without parametric geometric information." + }, + { + "title": "Unofficial History of ANSYS", + "author": "Shen-Yeh Chen (Honeywell)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/ANS-history.txt", - "description": "ANS-history.txt" + "description": "This is an unofficial history of Dr. Swanson and ANSYS." }, { "title": "apdl.syn", @@ -71,12 +77,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/importpara.tcl", "description": "Example of use of Tcl/Tk to bring up custom dialog box to import parasolid files. This could be used in an input file to automatically prompt the user to import a particular parasolid file through a dialog box. It can be easily extended to include any Connection Kit product (ACIS/SAT, Pro/E, UG, CATIA, etc.)." }, - { - "title": "Shaping Optimization of Turbine Disk and Bearing Seal", - "author": "Shen-Yeh Chen", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/Intro05.ppt", - "description": "Example of use of in-house optimization code with ANSYS to produce optimization of structures without parametric geometric information." - }, { "title": "inventor.vbs", "author": "Robert SeCaur (ANSYS, Inc.)", diff --git a/_site/_data/resources.json b/_site/_data/resources.json index ac125ab..2c4b76e 100644 --- a/_site/_data/resources.json +++ b/_site/_data/resources.json @@ -5,98 +5,24 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/Get_Summary_2005_08_15.pdf", "description": "This is a handy sheet with *GET and *VGET items. A user can print this out as a reference sheet when writing APDL macros." }, - { - "title": "10.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/10.pdf", - "description": "10.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "13_4.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/13_4.pdf", - "description": "13_4.pdf" - }, { "title": "180 Series Elements: Why Should One Use Them in Linear Analysis", "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/180xAdvantages.pdf", "description": "Presentation on 18x elements (continuum, beam, shell) and its features related to both linear and nonlinear analyses." }, - { - "title": "1998imaps_taiwan.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/1998imaps_taiwan.pdf", - "description": "1998imaps_taiwan.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "1_4_4.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/1_4_4.pdf", - "description": "1_4_4.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "20010202.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/20010202.pdf", - "description": "20010202.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "200711956.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/200711956.pdf", - "description": "200711956.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "2012-optimum_csp_underfill.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/2012-optimum_csp_underfill.pdf", - "description": "2012-optimum_csp_underfill.pdf" - }, { "title": "22x Coupled-Field Elements [PDF]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/STI0602_Coupled-Field_Elements.pdf", "description": "\"The 22x direct coupled-field elements (PLANE223, SOLID226-227) provide a wide array of material behavior for multiphysics applications - these include piezoelectricity, piezoresistivity, thermoelasticity, and thermoelectricity. This memo hopes to introduce some of the pertinent features of these elements.\"" }, - { - "title": "25.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/25.pdf", - "description": "25.pdf" - }, { "title": "3-Dimensional thermal analysis and active cooling of short-length high-power fiber lasers", + "author": "L. Li, H. Li, T. Qiu, V. L. Temyanko, M. M. Morrell, and A. Schülzgen", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/89E56210-BDB9-137E-C5E99E1403B17F75_83733.pdf", "description": "A fully 3-dimensional finite element model has been developed that simulates the internal temperature distribution of short-length high-power fiber lasers. We have validated the numerical model by building a short, cladding-pumped, Er-Yb-codoped fiber laser and measuring the core temperature during laser operation. A dual-end-pumped, actively cooled, fiber laser has generated >11 W CW output power at 1535 nm from only 11.9 cm of active fiber. Simulations indicate power-scaling possibilities with improved fiber and cooling designs." }, - { - "title": "3964aeng.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/3964aeng.pdf", - "description": "3964aeng.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "51ectc_outstanding_poster.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/51ectc_outstanding_poster.pdf", - "description": "51ectc_outstanding_poster.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "587.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/587.pdf", - "description": "587.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "5B1.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/5B1.pdf", - "description": "5B1.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "772.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/772.pdf", - "description": "772.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "9601-010.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/9601-010.pdf", - "description": "9601-010.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "98-102.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/98-102.pdf", - "description": "98-102.pdf" - }, { "title": "A 3D Dynamical Biomechanical Tongue Model to Study Speech Motor Control", "author": "Jean-Michel Gérard, Reiner Wilhelms-Tricarico, Pascal Perrier & Yohan Payan", @@ -109,6 +35,12 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/IRS2006_reprint.pdf", "description": "\"We report on the development of a 64-pixel high performance linear thermopile array chip designed for vacuum environment based on a silicon nitride membrane as substrate, Bi0.87Sb0.13/Sb as thermoelectric materials combination and an Ag-black broadband absorber layer. The array chip was mounted on a ceramic substrate and placed on the socket of a commercial hybrid package with 64 pins. Measurements of the linear array chip in vacuum environment and in absence of an entrance filter delivered a responsivity of 245 V/W, a sensitivity of 166 µVm˛/W, a specific detectivity of 1.6x109 cmHz1/2/W at an electrical resistance of 9 k and a thermal time constant of 150 ms. The pixelto- pixel cross-talk was reduced to less than 0.4 % due to slits in the membrane between adjacent pixels made by dry etching.\"\n[ANSYS Thermal, version unknown]" }, + { + "title": "A Compilation of Anand Parameters for Selected SnPb and Pb-free Solder Alloys", + "author": "Zane Johnson (University of Minnesota)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/zej-2012-anand-2.pdf", + "description": "\"Finite-element (FE) simulation is widely used in electronic packaging. It is particularly useful in the design of solder joint attachments. To ensure fidelity, FE simulation must capture the highly nonlinear behavior of solder. One useful material model for solder is Anand’s viscoplastic model. A compilation of Anand parameters reported in the literature for a variety of solder alloys is provided.\"" + }, { "title": "A DOS-Enhanced Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Through an Array of Offset Fins with Conjugate Heating in the Bounding Solid", "author": "E.M. Sparrow, J.P. Abraham, P.W. Chevalier", @@ -121,18 +53,72 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/fp8542.pdf", "description": "\"An axis-symmetric Finite Element (FE) model is developed based on the multi-purpose code ANSYS/Multiphysics. Using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) module the temperature field within the melt pool and within the vessel wall is evaluated. The transient structural mechanical calculations are then performed applying a creep model which takes into account large temperature, stress and strain variations.\" (Document 2)" }, + { + "title": "A High-Performance Tunneling Accelerometer", + "author": "Edward Boyden, Osamah El Rifai, Brian Hubert, Maurice Karpman, Dave Roberts", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/Tunneling-Accelerometer-Paper.pdf", + "description": "Design of a MEMS tunneling accelerometer. Uses ANSYS for part of the design verification. In Acrobat, search for occurences of \"ANSYS\" in the PDF file." + }, + { + "title": "A Highly-sensitive fiber bragg grating transverse strain sensor using micro-structure fibers", + "author": "Charles M. Jewart", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/Jewart_etd_2006.pdf", + "description": "A Highly-sensitive fiber bragg grating transverse strain sensor using micro-structure fibers" + }, + { + "title": "A Microchip-Based PCR Device Using Flexible Printed Circuit Technology", + "author": "Keyue Shen, Xiaofang Chen, Min Guo, Jing Cheng", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/kyshen.pdf", + "description": "\"Rapid heat transfer is crucial for an efficient polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and this makes temperature control one of the most essential features in a micro-PCR system, which always includes a heater and a sensor composing a closed-loop. Yet, the fabrication of the heater and the sensor often prevented micro-PCR systems from achieving both cost-effectiveness and fabrication-easiness. For most of the early researches micromachining techniques were used to allow sensors and heaters be integrated on a silicon or glass chip. However, the cost prevented them from wide applications. The work described in this paper is part of our effort to solve the cost/fabrication dilemma. An innovative digital temperature control system was developed by introducing a heater/sensor switching procedure. Only one temperature controlling element fabricated by flexible printed circuit technology was utilized in the constructed PCR device with minimum fabrication steps. The glass chip-based device was made from low cost materials and assembled with adhesive bonding. Through seemingly simple steps, we obtained both disposability and portability at the same time. Temperature stability within ±0.3 ?C and a transitional rate of 8 ?C/s during heating/cooling was achieved. A 244 bp DNA fragment of hepatitis C virus was successfully amplified in our device by a three-stage thermal cycling process. Further improvement was assisted by finite element analysis, and demonstrated by experiment.\"\n[ANSYS Thermal, version 7.0]" + }, + { + "title": "A New High Resolution Thermal Detector Array", + "author": "U. Dillner, R. Riesenberg", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/erfurt02new_detector-reprint.pdf", + "description": "\"The performance of the new thermal detector array arrangement is calculated using thermal finite element analysis. The influence of the thermal intra- and inter-subarray cross-talk on the resolution in dependence on some geometrical dimensions of the array is presented.\"\n[ANSYS Thermal, version 5.7] " + }, + { + "title": "A New Type of High Bandwidth RF MEMS Switch - Toggle Switch", + "author": "Bernd Schauwecker, Karl M. Strohm, Winfried Simon, Jan Mehner, and Johann-Friedrich Luy", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/ws_jss2002.pdf", + "description": "\"A new type of RF MEMS switch for low voltage actuation, high broadband application and high power capability is presented. Mechanical and electromagnetic simulations of this new RF MEMS switch type are shown and the fabrication process and measurement results are given. The switching element consists of a cantilever which is fixed by a suspension spring to the ground of the coplanar line. The closing voltage is 16V. The switches exhibit low insertion loss (<0.85dB@30GHz) with good isolation (>22dB@30GHz). I.\"" + }, { "title": "A Non-Linear Domain Decomposition Method", "author": "Iakov Mordukhovich Klebanov, Andrei Nikolaevich Davydov", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/nonlinear_domain_decomposition_method.pdf", "description": "\"A new domain decomposition technique for parallelization of physically non-linear problems in solid mechanics is developed. It is extended for any stress-strain diagrams. The approach is based on the approximating generalized models of subdomains that leads to a considerably fewer number of iterations requiring updating of substructure parameters. The analytical proof of the convergence of the theoretical iterative procedure and the demonstration of convergence of its numerical implementation with the help of ANSYS are presented.\"" }, + { + "title": "A Novel Micromachined 2x128-Element Linear Themoelectric Infrared Radiation Sensor Array", + "author": "Jurgen Muller, Volker Baier, Ulrich Dillner, Rudolf Guttich, Ernst Kessler", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/MICROtec2000.pdf", + "description": "\"As a component for infrared spectrometric analytical instruments a 2x128-element thin-film thermopile linear array sensor with a staggered pixel arrangement was constructed. Contrary to most of the known 1-dimensional and 2-dimensional thermoelectric infrared sensor arrays working all on the base of doped polysilicon, we use the material group Bi-Sb-Te to obtain highest values of thermoelectric efficiency and specific detectivity to realize an optimum of spectral wavelength resolution.\"[ANSYS Thermal, version unknown]" + }, + { + "title": "A Parametric Study of Flip Chip Reliability Based on Solder Fatigue Modelling", + "author": "Scott Popelar", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/popelar1.pdf", + "description": "\"The solder fatigue model has been utilized to investigate the reliability of flip chip joints subjected to thermal cycling. In particular, a parametric study had been performed which shows how various flip chip design parameters will affect solder joint fatigue. Finite element models have been developed to analyze the effect of die size, die thickness, solder joint height, cap diameter and underfill properties on solder fatigue.\" (This is Part I of the study. Part II of this paper is available here.)" + }, { "title": "A SMA Actuated Artificial Earthworm", "author": "A. Menciassi, S. Gorini, G. Pernorio, P. Dario", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/Bioloch_ICRA04.pdf", "description": "\"This paper presents the design and development of a microrobot which aims to replicate the locomotion principle of earthworms. The undulatory locomotion of living earthworms has been investigated deeply from the biological point of view, but attempts of replication of earthworm models in real size are limited. The authors designed an artificial earthworm with four modules which can be driven independently according to defined undulatory patterns with a typical frequency of 0.5 Hz. Each module is actuated by one or more SMA springs whose configuration has been designed in order to limit the wiring problems and optimizing working frequency. The robot is covered by a shaped silicone material which can be used as a platform to insert tiny legs for obtaining differential friction conditions. Preliminary tests demonstrate that the earthworm prototypes can move with a speed of 0.22 mm/s, thus approximating the behavior of biological earthworms. earthworms. Hopefully, the artificial moving earthworm will constitute a platform for improving the knowledge of mechanisms regulating motion and perception abilities of these creatures.\"\nModel in paper does not use TB,SMA constitutive model." }, + { + "title": "A Software Package Linking PE2D and ANSYS for SSC Magnet Design", + "author": "Nick Kallas, Chris Haddock, Jay Jayakumar, David Orrell, Greg Snitchler, Giancarlo Spigo, Jon Turner", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/PAC1991_2197.pdf", + "description": "\"The design of the Cold Mass(CM) of superconducting magnets at the Magnet Systems Division(MSD) of the Superconducting Super Collider Laboratory(SSCL) involves among others the optimization of field quality and structural performance as related to the quench behavior of the magnets. It is desirable to be able to study the changes in field quality due to dimensional changes of the cold mass components under stress as the magnet is cooled and energized. This document describes a software package of functions which enable the computer aided study of this aspect of cold mass design.\"\n[ANSYS Structural, version 4.4a]" + }, + { + "title": "A Stress-Induced Thermal Actuator for Optical Purpose", + "author": "Gang Liu, Sebaek Oh", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/EE245.pdf", + "description": "\"We present a micromachined, stress-induced, thermal bimorph actuator for optical purpose. Piston motions of more than 3um are demonstrated by FEM simulation. Upon the release from the substrate, the actuators lift off the substrate due to a large built-in bending moment arising from the compressive residual stress in the poly-silicon layer and tensile residual stress in the metal layer. Large displacement and low operating voltage (<2V) are obtained simultaneously.\"" + }, { "title": "A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Stress Distribution in a Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque: In-Vivo Prediction of Plaque Rupture Location", "author": "Jacques Ohayon, Gérard Finet, François Treyve, Gilles Rioufol and Olivier Dubreuil", @@ -157,12 +143,36 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/solver_2002.pdf", "description": "Discussion of ANSYS solvers, focusing on the sparse direct solver and PCG iterative solver.\nOriginally presented at the 2002 Conference." }, + { + "title": "ANSYS Material Modeling: Hyperelastic Material Characterization", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/hyper_elasticcity_curvefitting.pdf", + "description": "Overview of the hyperelastic curve-fitting capabilities introduced in ANSYS 7.0." + }, { "title": "ANSYS Mechanical - A Powerful Nonlinear Simulation Tool", "author": "Grama Bhashyam (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/ansys_mechanical_wp.pdf", "description": "A whitepaper describing various ANSYS features in the area of nonlinear mechanics, including element formulation, constitutive models, and contact technology." }, + { + "title": "ANSYS Multiphysics Capabilities for MEMS Modeling and Simulation - Part 1 of 3", + "author": "Jan Mehner, Juergen Wibbeler", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/mems_1_of_3.pdf", + "description": "Part 1 of 3: Analyzing electrostatic-structural interactions in Micro Electro Mechanical Systems\nANSYS Solutions Vol. 3, Number 2" + }, + { + "title": "ANSYS Multiphysics Capabilities for MEMS Modeling and Simulation - Part 2 of 3", + "author": "Jan Mehner, Juergen Wibbeler", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/mems_2_of_3.pdf", + "description": "Part 2 of 3: Analyzing fluid-structural interactions\nANSYS Solutions Vol. 3, Number 3" + }, + { + "title": "ANSYS Multiphysics Capabilities for MEMS Modeling and Simulation - Part 3 of 3", + "author": "Jan Mehner, Juergen Wibbeler, Fouad Bennini", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/mems_3_of_3.pdf", + "description": "Part 3 of 3: Exporting macromodels for circuit and system simulation tools.\nANSYS Solutions Vol. 3, Number 4" + }, { "title": "ANSYS PDS article in Machine Design [PDF]", "author": "Stefan Reh", @@ -181,17 +191,18 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/ansys_news_1996_1.pdf", "description": "First Issue of ANSYS News" }, + { + "title": "ANSYS-Structural Design of Micromachined Fabry-Pérot Filters for WDM Applications", + "author": "K. Mutamba, J. Pfeiffer, J. Peerlings, R. Riemenschneider and N. Dragojevic", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/mutamba2.pdf", + "description": "\"Due to the recent progress in the fabrication of micro-optical devices and the maturity reached in the integration of electromechanical functions on various semiconductor micro-devices, new concepts for optical microelectromechanical systems (OMEMS) have emerged... Analyses have been carried out with the ANSYS FEM (Finite Elements Method) Program for two types of electrostatically actuated Fabry-Pérot filters.\"" + }, { "title": "ANSYS_Function_Builder.pdf", "author": "Achuth Rao (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/ANSYS_Function_Builder.pdf", "description": "When using the ANSYS Function Editor and Function Loader to define Function Boundary Conditions, a special type of table is used. This document outlines the syntax of the function loading table." }, - { - "title": "ANSYS_University_Support_Program.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/ANSYS_University_Support_Program.pdf", - "description": "ANSYS_University_Support_Program.pdf" - }, { "title": "ANSYS_distributed_tutorial_8.1.zip", "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -204,12 +215,30 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/STI05_APDL_Coding_Standards.pdf", "description": "\"Because of the flexibility and automation APDL (ANSYS Parametric Design Language) provides, many users tend to write input files and macros in addition to using the GUI.\nThere are currently no recognized ‘standards’ of writing APDL macros or input files, although there may exist standards within companies on APDL coding. The lack of APDL coding standards may make inheriting someone else’s input files or macros more difficult. Also, parameter or component conflicts may also arise when using multiple macros.\nThis memo hopes to provide some ideas for groups or individuals wishing to develop APDL standards in writing macros or input files.\"" }, + { + "title": "APDL Implementation of a 3D FEM Capacitance Simulator for Arbitrarily Shaped Interconnects [PDF]", + "author": "Andreas Hieke", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/ahieke.pdf", + "description": "Alternative download link here\nAn alternate CMATRIX macro created by A. Hieke called CAMACO." + }, { "title": "APDL and Vector Operations [ZIP]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/STI02_APDL_and_Vector_Operations.zip", "description": "\"Vector and matrix operations in APDL are an invaluable method of manipulating array data, as they provide very fast, computationally efficient means of helping the user perform pre- or post-processing operations on the model.\nThere are many ways of storing data, ranging from arrays to tables to strings. Moreover, manipulation of numerical data can be in the form of vectors or matrices via the *Vxxx and *Mxxx commands, respectively. The user is referred to the APDL Programmer’s Guide in the ANSYS online help for a thorough discussion of the capabilities of APDL, but, in this memo, a basic introduction to vector operations will be covered.\"" }, + { + "title": "ATLAS TRT Barrel Electronics Cooling: Duke mockup measurements and FEA calculations", + "author": "W. Ebenstein, J. Fowler, S. Oh, V. Vassilakopoulos, and C. Wang", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/coolingreview.pdf", + "description": "\"This report summarizes measurements and calculations using the most recently proposed cooling scheme. Heat generated by the ASDBLR and DTMROC stamp boards is conducted to an aluminum plate sandwiched between the upper and lower stamp boards (hereafter referred to as the 'middle cooling plate'). The heat is then carried up through a vertical aluminum post, and finally to a large aluminum plate above all of the upper stamp boards (the 'upper cooling plate'), to which cooling tubes are attached.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Accumulated Creep Strain and Energy Density Based Thermal Fatigue Life Prediction Models for SnAgCu Solder Joints", + "author": "Ahmer Syed", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/asyed_ectc2004_corrected.pdf", + "description": "\"This paper describes in detail the life prediction models for SnAgCu solder joints. The models are based on published constitutive equations for this alloy and thermal cycle fatigue data on actual components. The approach uses advance finite element modeling and analysis techniques and is based on mechanics of deformation. Both accumulated creep strain and creep strain energy density based models are developed. The model has been correlated with a number of data points and predicts life within 25% in most cases. The framework of modeling and prediction methodology described here is fully compatible with the framework used for SnPb solder previously.\"" + }, { "title": "Acoustic Elements [ZIP]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -222,6 +251,18 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/STI0706_Acoustic_Postprocessing.zip", "description": "\"Acoustic analyses in ANSYS provides insight to the propagation of sound, and both visual and aural postprocessing can aid in this objective. This memo hopes to cover postprocessing methods for acoustic problems other than standard contour and XY plots.\"" }, + { + "title": "Advanced Analysis Of Structural Reliability Using Commercial FE-Codes", + "author": "Christian Bucher, Dagmar Hintze, and Dirk Roos", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/772.pdf", + "description": "\"The paper focuses on two main issues, i.e. (a) The application of existing code for probabilistic analysis together with existing Finite Element Code for advanced Monte Carlo analysis (b) Presentation of a local-global approximation strategy for the response surface method. This so-called \"weighted radii\" approximation appears to provide the flexibility and accuracy needed for the reliability analysis of complex structures.\" (Probabilistics)" + }, + { + "title": "Advanced Mask Modeling Accuracy and Stability Study-University of Wisconsin Mask Modeling", + "author": "R. Scott Mackay", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/3964aeng.pdf", + "description": "\"As lithography error budgets on pattern placement become more stringent for sub-130 nm technology, it is imperative that all mask-related distortions be quantified, controlled, and minimized. It will be essential to identify the influence of thin film stress on pattern placement errors. In this research, the effect of mask material properties, manufacturing, and usage on image placement will be evaluated. Finite element (FE) models have been developed to simulate this pattern transfer process, using equivalent modeling techniques. Analytical, experimental, and FE procedures have been combined to accurately determine these effects on final pattern distortions.\"" + }, { "title": "Advanced Tools for Design and Analyses of High Temperature Cyclic Loaded Turbine Components", "author": "U. Gampe, I. Martynov, J. Keyser", @@ -270,6 +311,12 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/painless-conjugate-gradient.pdf", "description": "This paper presents a very well-written explanation of conjugate gradient methods. It is helpful in understanding better the idea behind CG solvers in ANSYS (PCG, JCG, ICCG, AMG, etc.)." }, + { + "title": "An Investigation into Vibration in Switched Reluctance Motors", + "author": "Pragasen Pillay and William (Wei) Cai", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/25.pdf", + "description": "\"Two disadvantages of the switched reluctance motor (SRM) are its torque ripple and acoustic noise. Previous work on vibration modes and resonant frequencies of the laminations of an 8-6 SRM is extended here to include the effects of the frame. Both a smooth frame and a ribbed frame are examined, and the presence of numerous additional vibratory modes in the ribbed frame demonstrated. Accelerometer tests behind a pole verify some of the theoretical predictions.\"[ANSYS Dynamics, version unspecified]" + }, { "title": "An Object Oriented Approach to Geometry Defeaturing for Finite Element Meshing [PDF]", "author": "Anton V. Mobley, Michael P. Carroll, and Scott A. Canann", @@ -294,6 +341,18 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/jb99_14.pdf", "description": "\"An axis-symmetric Finite Element (FE) model is developed based on the multi-purpose code ANSYS/Multiphysics. Using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) module the temperature field within the melt pool and within the vessel wall is evaluated. The transient structural mechanical calculations are then performed applying a creep model which takes into account large temperature, stress and strain variations.\" (Document 1)" }, + { + "title": "Analysis and Modeling of Fiber-Wrapped Columns and Concrete-Filled Tubes", + "author": "Mohsen Shahawy, Tom Beitelman, and Amir Mirmiran", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/fiber_concrete.pdf", + "description": "\"Carbon-wrapping of concrete column adds to its strength and ductility. The behavior of carbon-wrapped concrete is in general very similar to that of glass-wrapped concrete. The bilinear confinement that was developed- for glass-wrapped concrete can be applied to carbon-wrapped concrete. However, a better fit can be obtained by re-calibrating the model for an entire database that consists of both carbon-wrapped and glass-wrapped concrete. Such database needs to be accompanied by a set of accurate coupon tests on the properties of the jacket. The finite element modeling is also useful in predicting the response of carbon-wrapped concrete. A more accurate estimate of jacket properties make the analysis fit the test results better.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Analysis and Simulation of the Ultrasonic/Sonic Driller/Corer(USDC)", + "author": "X. Bao, Z. Chang, S. Sherrit, B.P. Dolgin, Y. Bar-Cohen, D.S. Pal, S. Du, T. Peterson", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/SPIE-02-SS-4701-36-USDC.pdf", + "description": "\"An ultrasonic/sonic driller/corer (USDC) was developed to address the challenges to the NASA objective of planetary in-situ rock sampling and analysis. The USDC uses a novel drive mechanism, transferring ultrasonic vibration into impacts on a drill stem at sonic frequency using a free-flying mass block (free-mass). The main parts of the device and the interactions between them were analyzed and numerically modeled to understand the drive mechanism and allow design of effective drilling mechanism. A computer program was developed to simulate the operation of the USDC and successfully predicted the characteristic behavior of the new device. This paper covers the theory, the analytical models and the algorithms that were developed and the predicted results.\"\n[ANSYS Piezoelectric, version 5.4]" + }, { "title": "Analysis and Testing of Graphite/Epoxy Concrete Bridge Girders Under Static Loading", "author": "B. M. Kavlicoglu, F. Gordaninejad, M. Saiidi, Y. Jiang", @@ -306,12 +365,24 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/kurian.pdf", "description": "\"This paper aims at developing a finite element model of glued laminated girder bridges that can predict accurately the analytical behavior of the bridges. Two models have been developed to study the characteristics of this type of bridge. Two case studies have been considered to validate the accuracy of the models. The first case study is a long span single-lane bridge, the Tuscaloosa Bridge, in Alabama. The second case study is a medium span two-lane bridge, the Cow Gu lch Bridge, in Montana. The models show good correlation with the experimental data and hence, the models can be used to find the maximum deflections in the bridge.\"Use of ANSYS 5.0 (1992 version)" }, + { + "title": "Analytical Simulation of a 1D Single Crystal Silicon Electrostatic Micromirror [PDF]", + "author": "H. Camon, F. Larnaudie, F. Rivoirard, B. Jammes", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/MSM99_CNRS_umirror.pdf", + "description": "A torsional micromirror. Use of ANSYS to extract lumped parameters for use in SABER model. (MEMS)" + }, { "title": "Analyzing Hyperelastic Materials w/ Some Practical Considerations", "author": "Paris Altidis and Vince Adams", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/ANSYS_Users_Group_Hyperelastic_Materials.pdf", "description": "Presentation from the Midwest ANSYS User Group\n[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]" }, + { + "title": "Analyzing Microminiature Devices [PDF]", + "author": "Steve Groothuis", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/memsissue1.pdf", + "description": "(from ANSYS Solutions magazine, volume 1, #1) (MEMS)" + }, { "title": "Anisotropic Plasticity and Failure Prediction in Wood Composites", "author": "David M. Moses, Helmut G.L. Prion", @@ -319,9 +390,16 @@ "description": "\"Two case studies are summarized using anisotropic plasticity and the Weibull weakest link failure model to predict the behavior of wood and wood composites. The linear elastic orthotropic model normally used for wood is shown to be insufficient for the prediction of ultimate strength in wood. Non-linear, non-recoverable behavior in compression in each of the orthogonal material directions is of particular interest in cases where localized crushing governs the load-displacement behavior of wood.\"\r\n \r\n \"The anisotropic plasticity option in ANSYS was used to predict yielding and post-yield behavior for the wood composite used in this study because yield stresses in orthogonal directions were found to be in the ratio of 1:1.2:5. A user-programmable Fortran subroutine was developed for ANSYS to carry out the failure analysis (and to calculate the volume integration of the stresses) at each load-step in post-processing. The model was verified using two cases: I) the ASTM D143 shear block test, and II) bolted connections.\"" }, { - "title": "Ansys_PT_EEC.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/Ansys_PT_EEC.pdf", - "description": "Ansys_PT_EEC.pdf" + "title": "Application of the Finite Element Method In Cold Forging Processes", + "author": "Cristina Maria Oliveira Lima Roque, Sérgio Tonini Button", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/rbcm22.pdf", + "description": "\"In this study, the application of a commercial general finite element software - ANSYS - has been applied to model a forming operation. Models have been developed to simulate the ring compression test and to simulate a basic forming operation (upsetting) that is applied in most of the cold forging parts sequences.\" (Plasticity, contact, finite strain)" + }, + { + "title": "Applying Anand Model to Represent the Viscoplastic Deformation Behavior of Solder Alloys", + "author": "G. Z. Wang, Z. N. Cheng, K. Becker, J. Wilde", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/587.pdf", + "description": "\"A unified viscoplastic constitutive law, the Anand model, was applied to represent the inelastic deformation behavior for solders used in electronic packaging. The material parameters of the constitutive relations for 62Sn36Pb2Ag, 60Sn40Pb, 96.5Sn3.5Ag, and 97.5Pb2.5Sn solders were determined from separated constitutive relations and experimental results. The achieved unified Anand model for solders were tested for constant strain rate testing, steady-state plastic flow and stress/strain responses under cyclic loading. It is concluded that the Anand model can be applied for representing the inelastic deformation behavior of solders at high homologous temperature and can be recommended for finite element simulation of the stress/strain responses of solder joints in service.\"\n[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unknown]" }, { "title": "BMSweep: Locating Interior Nodes During Sweeping [PDF]", @@ -329,11 +407,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/bmsweep.pdf", "description": "\"BMSweep is a new algorithm to determine the location of interior nodes while volume sweeping.\"" }, - { - "title": "BaBar295.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/BaBar295.pdf", - "description": "BaBar295.pdf" - }, { "title": "Basics of ANSYS Macros [PDF]", "author": "David Haberman (CSI)", @@ -352,6 +425,12 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/STI09_Damping.zip", "description": "This is an old document I wrote a while ago on damping which I sometimes use. Although written back at version 5.6, it is still applicable at version 7.0.\n\"Damping is required in many dynamic applications, yet because there are many ways to include it, there is often confusion regarding the implementation of damping in ANSYS. This memo hopes to provide a general summary of the representation of damping available in ANSYS.\"" }, + { + "title": "Behavioural modeling for heterogeneous systems based on FEM descriptions", + "author": "Joachim Haase, Sven Reitz, Peter Schwarz", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/spice1.pdf", + "description": "\"To simulate more complex systems using Spice-compatible circuit and system simulation programs, behavioural models of the components are required. The focus of the paper is to discuss two possibilities to derive such models from FEM descriptions.\"" + }, { "title": "Benchmark Tests on ANSYS Parallel Processing Technology", "author": "Kentaro Suzuki", @@ -400,18 +479,36 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/week4-effective_cte.pdf", "description": "Tips on how to define coefficient of thermal expansion and converting that material data to format that ANSYS can use." }, + { + "title": "Calculations on Micromachined Electro-Thermal Sensor Devices", + "author": "Bernd Folkmer, Martin Hirt, Michael Vosseler, Hartmut Glosch, Frank Hedrich, Sophie Billat, Walter L", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/1_4_4.pdf", + "description": "\"In this contribution the experiences gained using ANSYS/Multiphysics software for analysis of micro machined electro-thermal sensor devices are described.\"" + }, { "title": "Cast Iron Plasticity", "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/conflong_castiron.pdf", "description": "Presentation on Cast Iron plasticity model introduced in ANSYS 6.1 (part of the \"Advanced Analysis with ANSYS\" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference)." }, + { + "title": "Cavity mechanics and vibrations under Lorentz forces excitation", + "author": "Danilo Barni", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/barni1.pdf", + "description": "(Harmonic, modal analyses)" + }, { "title": "Chaboche Nonlinear Kinematic Hardening Model [PDF]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/STI0805_Chaboche.pdf", "description": "\"The Chaboche nonlinear kinematic hardening model was added in ANSYS 5.6 to complement the existing isotropic and kinematic hardening rules that users relied on. Despite its availability for nearly ten years as of the time of this writing, the Chaboche model has enjoyed limited popularity, in part because of the perceived complexity of calibrating the material parameters. This memo hopes to introduce the basics related to the Chaboche nonlinear kinematic model.\"\n(Week 47, week of 05/04/08)" }, + { + "title": "Characterization and Analysis on the Solder Ball Shear Testing Conditions", + "author": "Xingjia Huang, S.W. Ricky Lee, Chien Chun Yan, and Sam Hui", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/ECTC2001-paper.pdf", + "description": "\"This paper presents both experimental investigation and computational analysis on the solder ball shear testing conditions for ball grid array (BGA) packages.\" (Creep, contact)" + }, { "title": "Closing the Gaps on Data Interoperability [PDF]", "author": "Don Hemmelgarn", @@ -454,12 +551,36 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/STI0901_Compiling_UPFs.pdf", "description": "\"ANSYS User Programmable Features (UPFs) are quite powerful means of customizing ANSYS beyond the scripting capabilities of the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). Writing one’s own constitutive models or complex loading functions or even creating a user-defined element are possible with UPFs. \n\n Because some users may find it challenging to get started using UPFs, this memo hopes to discuss general issues related to compiling and linking a customized version of ANSYS for Windows and Linux environments.\"\n\n (Week 51, week of 02/08/09)" }, + { + "title": "Comprehensive Solder Fatigue And Thermal Characterization Of A Silicon Based Multi-Chip Module Package Utilizing Finite Element Analysis Methodologies", + "author": "Bret A. Zahn", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/bzahn00.pdf", + "description": "\"Viscoplastic finite-element simulation methodologies were utilized to predict ball and bump solder joint reliability for a silicon based five-chip multi-chip module package under accelerated temperature cycling conditions.\" (Nonlinear, Anand)" + }, + { + "title": "Compressive Strength of Solid Clay Brick Masonry under Eccentric Loading", + "author": "A. Brencich, C. Corradi, L. Gambarotta, G. Mantegazza, E. Sterpi", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/compressive.pdf", + "description": "\"Arches, vaults and pillars generally experience eccentric normal force. As a consequence, the classical theories of masonry collapse, developed for concentrically compressed brickwork, are not directly applicable. In this paper experimental data on solid clay brick and lime-mortar masonry prisms, eccentrically loaded, are presented. Comparing the results to the response of a FEM model, some hints on the collapse mechanism of masonry show that the edge effects greatly affect the load carrying capacity of the brickwork. Besides, the plane section assumption is found to be acceptable up to the ultimate compressive strength, allowing relatively simple models to be used for arch-type structures.\" (Concrete SOLID65)" + }, + { + "title": "Conceptual Design for the SRRC Elliptically Polarizing Undulator EPU5.6. Part II: Magnetic Loading and Structure Deformation", + "author": "Ch. Wang, M.C. Lin, C.H. Chang, L.H. Chang, H.H. Chen, T.C. Fan, K.T. Hsu, J.Y. Hsu, C.S. Hwang, K.T", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/WEP125G.pdf", + "description": "\"In part II of the conference paper, we address our efforts on the determination of the maximal magnetic loading on the individual magnetic arrays, and on the estimation of the resulting structure deformation by using the 3D finite element code ANSYS.\"" + }, { "title": "Constellation Pathfinder: A University Nanosatellite", "author": "C.D. Rayburn, H.E. Spence, H.E. Petschek, M. Bellino, J. Vickers, M. Murphy", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/Rayburn_USU_Paper.pdf", "description": "\"This paper updates the progress of the Constellation Pathfinder Mission (CPM) design. Specifically, preliminary results in areas including satellite design, orbital mechanics, thermal design, structural design, and attitude determination and control are discussed.\"" }, + { + "title": "Constitutive Relationship Development, Modeling and Measurement of Heat Stressing of Micro-SMD Assembly with Sn3.9Ag0.6Cu SAC Alloy", + "author": "Qiang Xiao, William Armstrong, James Pitarresi, Satish Chaparala, Brian Rogeman, Bahgat Sammakia, Lu", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/IPACK2005-73239.pdf", + "description": "\"The thermal-mechanical response of electronic packages was simulated using the commercial finite element code ANSYS coupled with the Garofalo model to represent the solder constitutive creep response. The measured properties for bulk and thin-cast Sn3.9Ag0.6Cu SAC alloy were used in the FE modeling.\"" + }, { "title": "Construction Machinery Cab Vibro-Acoustic Analysis and Optimisation", "author": "L. Bregant, G. Miccoli, M. Seppi", @@ -472,6 +593,12 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/STI0902_Contact_Tips.pdf", "description": "\"Generally speaking, nonlinear analyses involving contact can be quite challenging to solve when the contacting area changes during the load history. However, ANSYS Workbench Simulation has very robust contact technology, along with diagnostic tools that can help the user obtain converged, accurate solutions. This memo hopes to discuss some tips related to contact analyses in hopes of aiding the user who encounters difficulties when solving contact analyses.\"" }, + { + "title": "Contact Analysis of Workpiece-Fixture System Under Time-Varying Machining Loads Using Finite Element Method", + "author": "N. Kaya, F. Öztürk", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/diemold2001.pdf", + "description": "\"Proper fixture design is crucial to product quality in terms of precision, accuracy and finish of the machined part. Fixturing systems must be capable of positioning, holding and supporting the workpiece throughout the machining process. In this paper, modular fixture design verification analysis is carried out for time-varying machining forces using nonlinear finite element analysis. Chip removal effect is taken into account using element death technique and the frictional contact between workpiece and fixture elements is also considered. This paper also adresses applying optimal clamping forces in order to minimize the deformation. A case study is presented to demonstrate the suggested methodology.\"" + }, { "title": "Contact Wizard Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -496,6 +623,12 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/Week_17_STI52_TNT_converting_pressures_to_nodal_forces.pdf", "description": "Tip on converting element pressures to nodal forces. This can be useful for mode superposition methods where LVSCALE may not be suitable.\n SI_P2F Macro and test input file." }, + { + "title": "Coupled Structural-Acoustic Analysis Using ANSYS [PDF]", + "author": "Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/fsi-ansys.pdf", + "description": "Paper on using SHELL63 and SOLID45 with FLUID30 in acoustic analyses." + }, { "title": "Coupling low-order elements to high-order elements in ANSYS", "author": "Aaron Acton", @@ -532,12 +665,36 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/cyclic_symmetry_analysis.pdf", "description": "Presentation on cyclic symmetry enhancements at ANSYS 6.1 (part of the \"Advanced Analysis with ANSYS\"seminar during the 2002 User's Conference)." }, + { + "title": "Delamination in Patterned Films", + "author": "X.H. Liu, M.W. Lane, T.M. Shaw, E. Simonyi", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/IJSS2007.pdf", + "description": "\"When the dielectric constant of an insulator in an interconnect is reduced, mechanical properties are often compromised, giving rise to significant challenges in interconnect integration and reliability. Due to low adhesion of the dielectric an interfacial crack may occur during fabrication and testing. To understand the effect of interconnect structure, an interfacial fracture mechanics model has been analyzed for patterned films undergoing a typical thermal excursion during the integration process. It is found that the underlayer pattern generates a driving force for delamination and changes the mode mixity of the delamination. The implications of our findings to interconnect processes and reliability testing have been discussed.\"\n[ANSYS Structural, version unknown]" + }, + { + "title": "Design And Manufacturing Of Micro Via-In-Pad Substrates For Solder Bumped Flip Chip Applications", + "author": "John Lau, Chris Chang, Ricky Lee, Tsung-Yuan Chen, David Cheng, Tzyy Jang Tseng, Dyna Lin", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/lau.pdf", + "description": "\"A novel and low-cost micro via-in-pad (VIP) substrate for supporting a solder bumped flip chip is presented in this study. Non-linear finite element analyses are used to determine the stress and strain in the copper VIP and the solder joint. Time-dependent non-linear analysis is used to predict the thermal-fatigue life of the VIP solder joint.\" (Nonlinear, Anand)" + }, { "title": "Design Optimization of an Automotive Universal Joint Considering Manufacturing Cost", "author": "Nick Cristello and Il Yong Kim", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/p499-cristello.pdf", "description": "\"This paper presents the shape optimization of an automotive universal joint, by simultaneously considering manufacturing cost, maximum drivable joint angle and part volume. Comprised of three main components - two yokes and a cross trunnion - a universal joint is a linkage used to transmit rotational motion from one shaft to another when the axes are coplanar, but not coinciding. In this research, universal joint designs are analyzed and compared using a weighted sum of three objective functions: minimization of machining cost, maximization of adjoining shaft joint angle, and minimization of total part volume. Part modeling and analysis is conducted using the Finite Element Analysis package ANSYS and optimization is implemented using MATLAB. The results show Pareto frontiers for both the flange and weld yoke, constructed using the Adaptive Weighted Sum technique. These frontiers clearly illustrate the trade-off between machining cost and joint angle; that is, to increase the joint angle, a corresponding increase in the cost of the part is required. It has been shown that maximization of driveable joint angle requires a simultaneous increase in machining cost of 4.4% and 2.7% for the flange and weld yoke, respectively.\"\n[ANSYS Structural, version 9.0]" }, + { + "title": "Design and Analysis of Ultrasonic Actuator in Consideration of Length-Reduction for a USDC (Ultrasonic/Sonic Driller/Corer)", + "author": "Z. Chang, S. Sherrit, M. Badescu, X. Bao, and Y. Bar-Cohen", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/SPIE-05_Zensheu-USDC-modeling.pdf", + "description": "\"The USDC uses a novel driving mechanism, transferring ultrasonic vibration to sonic frequency impacts with the aid of a free-flying mass block (free-mass). The free mass then drives the drill bit. The actuator consists of a stack of piezoelectric disks with a horn that amplifies the induced vibration amplitudes. The standard USDC is a slender device, and some times its length is too long for specific NASA missions. It is of current interest to have novel designs that reduce the length of the device. For this purpose, two novel horn designs were examined analytically. One is the flipped horn, the other is the planar folded horn. The new designs of the horn were analyzed using finite element modeling and the results allow for the determination of the control parameters that can optimize the performance of the ultrasonic horn in terms of the tip displacement and velocity. The results of the modeling are described and discussed in this paper.\"\n[ANSYS Piezoelectric, version 5.4]" + }, + { + "title": "Design and Characterization of Thin Film Microcoolers", + "author": "Chris LaBounty, Ali Shakouri, John E. Bowers", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/micro3.pdf", + "description": "\"Thin film coolers can provide large cooling power densities compared to bulk thermoelectrics due to the close spacing of hot and cold junctions. Important parameters in the design of such coolers are investigated theoretically and experimentally. A three-dimensional finite element simulator (ANSYS) is used to model self-consistently thermal and electrical properties of a complete device structure.\"\n[ANSYS Thermal, version 5.5.3]" + }, { "title": "Design and Implementation of a Flow Microsensor by using Silicon Microelectronics Technology", "author": "Roberto Rodrigues and Rogerio Furlan", @@ -562,18 +719,42 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/dspace_assembly.zip", "description": "Simple tutorial on analyzing assemblies using DesignSpace with focus on compatibility with SolidWorks." }, + { + "title": "Designing the Liquid-Nitrogen Injection Rakes for the European Transonic Windtunnel Project", + "author": "Ian Glendinning", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/9601-010.pdf", + "description": "Article from Heat Engineering magazine, back in 1993. Static and transient stress and thermal analysis performed in ANSYS 4.4a." + }, { "title": "Developing The Basis For Target Injection And Tracking In Inertial Fusion Energy Power Plants", "author": "D.T. Goodin, C.R. Gibson, R.W. Petzoldt, N.P. Siegel, L. Thompson, A. Nobile, G.E. Besenbruch, K.R.", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/A23417.pdf", "description": "The use of ANSYS's thermal and CFD capabilities to analyze the target injection and tracking of an Inertial Fusion Energy power plant" }, + { + "title": "Development of CAD Model for MEMS Micropumps [PDF]", + "author": "M. Arik, S. M. Zurn, A. Bar-Cohen, Y. Nam, D. Markus, and D. Polla", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/MSM99_UMN_ufluidic.pdf", + "description": "Use of ANSYS in modal and harmonic analysis of micropumps (PZT cantilever beams). (MEMS)" + }, + { + "title": "Development of Convective Reflow-Projection Moiré Warpage Measurement System and Prediction of Solder Bump Reliability on Board Assemblies Affected by", + "author": "Wei Tan (Georgia Institute of Technology)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/tan_wei_200804_phd.pdf", + "description": "\"The effect of PWB warpage on the low cycle fatigue of the solder bumps on board assemblies was investigated using FEM and experimental study. The three- dimensional (3-D) models of PWBAs with varying board warpage were used to estimate the solder bump fatigue life for different types of plastic ball grid array (PBGA) packages mounted on PWBs. In order to improve the accuracy of FE results, the projection moiré technique was used to measure the initial warpage of PWBs, and this warpage was used as a geometric input to the FEM. Both Sn-Pb and lead-free solder materials were used in this study. The simulation results were validated and correlated with the experimental results obtained using the projection moiré system and accelerated thermal cycling tests. Design of experiments and an advanced prediction model were generated to predict board level solder bump fatigue life based on the initial PWB warpage, package dimensions and locations, and solder bump materials.\"" + }, { "title": "Different Methods of Connecting Parts Together [PDF]", "author": "Sean Harvey (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/week24-connecting_models_tow.pdf", "description": "Connecting Parts - A study of Continuous Mesh versus Bonded Contact versus Constraint Equations." }, + { + "title": "Disruption Load Calculations Using ANSYS Transient Electromagnetic Simulations for the ALCATOR C-MOD Antennas", + "author": "Peter H. Titus", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/disrpap.pdf", + "description": "\"ANSYS has been used to compute eddy current loads in C-Mod antenna components due to a disruption. The antennas are on the outbuard mid-plane, away from the direct involvement with halo currents, which characterize loading in the inner divertor and wall. Only inductively driven currents are computed. A rather complex but manageable electromagnetic model is used. Three of the antennas used in C-Mod were analyzed, Lower Hybrid, ICRH, and MHD antennas. The goal of these simulations was principally to quantify upper bound disruption loads.\"" + }, { "title": "DistributedLoad.zip", "author": "Paris Altidis (Borg Warner)", @@ -586,11 +767,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/STI0802_Drucker_Prager.pdf", "description": "\"The Drucker-Prager material model is used for pressure-dependent inelastic behavior of materials such as soils, rock, concrete, and powder. Because ANSYS offers three different Drucker-Prager constitutive models, this memo hopes to provide a comparison of the available options.\"\n(Week 44, week of 03/16/08)" }, - { - "title": "Dutchsensorconf98.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/Dutchsensorconf98.pdf", - "description": "Dutchsensorconf98.pdf" - }, { "title": "Dynamic FEA and Simulation for A Series of Blast-Resist-door", "author": "Lu Xinzheng and Jiang Jianjing", @@ -604,14 +780,10 @@ "description": "\"In April 1999 the construction of a new quay wall in the port of Hamburg started. In a first stage two new berths with an overall length of 1400 m will be built. In order to proof the bearing capacity of the foundation dynamic pile testing is performed to a great extent. To date more than thirty different piles were tested by the Institute for Foundation Engineering and Soil Mechanics of the Technical University of Braunschweig. In order to check for possible set-up effects redriven tests were performed. For comparison reasons static load tests were also carried out, one of which was done with an instrumented pile to allow skin friction and end bearing to be evaluated separately. The CAPWAP results proofed to be very helpful especially in those cases where the testing situation differed from the later service condition. Special questions called for detailed finite element analysis of the load-settlement behaviour of single piles in certain construction stages.\"\nAlthough ANSYS is not explicitly mentioned, F. Kirsch also used ANSYS in two related papers, Stability of the vault developing over Soilcrete bodies and Ground Improvement and Its Numerical Analysis. " }, { - "title": "ECTC2001-paper.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/ECTC2001-paper.pdf", - "description": "ECTC2001-paper.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "EE245.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/EE245.pdf", - "description": "EE245.pdf" + "title": "Economic Method for the Collection of Complex Materials Data for the Design of Microsystems [PDF]", + "author": "Jürgen Wilde, Markus Thoben, Klaus Becker", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/mat2001_I1.pdf", + "description": "Use of Anand model." }, { "title": "Effect of Package Design and Layout on BGA Solder Joint Reliability of an Organic C4 Package", @@ -619,6 +791,12 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/s30p5a.pdf", "description": "\"Ball Grid Array (BGA) is currently the interconnect of choice for attaching microprocessors on a printed circuit board (PCB). The reliability of solder joints is one of the critical issues in BGA surface mount technology (SMT). During reliability testing, BGA fatigue failures were observed on test vehicles (TV). Finite element analysis and physical failure analysis were used to determine the risk to the product in the field. As part of this effort, parametric finite element analysis was carried out to determine the effect of design features like the package size, and BGA pattern on the propensity of fatigue failure. The results of the finite element analysis and physical failure analysis showed that the risk to fatigue failure was much greater on a peripheral / partial grid array package than in a full grid array package.\"" }, + { + "title": "Effect of Simulation Methodology on Solder Joint Crack Growth Correlation", + "author": "Robert Darveaux", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/RDARV_Article1200.pdf", + "description": "\"A generalized solder joint fatigue life model for surface mount packages was previously published in Refs [1,2]. The model is based on correlation to measured crack growth data on BGA joints during thermal cycling. It was subsequently discovered by Anderson et.al. that the ANSYS TM 5.2 finite element code used in the model had an error in its method for calculating plastic work [3]. It was shown that significant error in life prediction could result by using a recent version of the code where the bug has been fixed. The error comes about since the original crack growth constants were derived based on plastic work calculations that had the bug.\nIn this paper, crack initiation and growth constants are re-calculated using ANSYS 5.6. In addition, several other model related issues are explored with respect to the crack growth correlations. For example, 3D slice models were compared to quarter symmetry models. Anand’s constitutive model was compared with Darveaux’s constitutive model. It was shown that the crack growth rate dependence on strain energy density always had an exponent of 1.10 +/- 0.15. This is in the range of the original correlation, so the accuracy of relative predictions should still be within +/- 25%. However, the accuracy of absolute predictions could be off by a factor of 7 in the worst case, if the analyst uses a modeling procedure that is not consistent with that used for the crack growth correlation. The key to good accuracy is to maintain consistency in the modeling procedure.\"" + }, { "title": "Effects of Nonlinear Geometric and Material Properties on the Seismic Response of Fluid/Tank Systems", "author": "He Liu, Daniel H. Schubert", @@ -631,6 +809,24 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/EFS.pdf", "description": "Short explanation of what elastic foundation stiffness (SURF154) is and how to calculate the resulting stiffness for non-planar cases. In Workbench Mechanical, this feature is referred to as an \"Elastic Support\"." }, + { + "title": "Electromagnetic, Thermal, and Structural Analysis of RF Cavities Using ANSYS", + "author": "N. Hartman, R. A. Rimmer", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/MPPH060.pdf", + "description": "\"We report on techniques developed for producing electromagnetic, thermal, and structural solutions to RF cavity design problems in ANSYS, using one model. Methods for preparing imported geometry from solid modeling programs are discussed, and meshing techniques are suggested. A study of mesh density is presented, comparing mesh size with heat flux and Q factor convergence. The general analysis protocol is presented in a stepwise fashion, describing the macros that are used for conducting RF calculations. Finally, these techniques are applied to a proposed RF cavity for the NLC damping rings, which is shown as an example.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Electromechanical Transducer Element for MEMS Analysis in ANSYS [PDF]", + "author": "Miklos Gyimesi, Dale Ostergaard", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/MSM99_ANSYS_trans126.pdf", + "description": "Presented at MSM 1999. (MEMS)" + }, + { + "title": "Electromechanical analysis of micromechanical SOI-fabricated RF resonators", + "author": "T. Lamminmaki, K. Ruokonen, I. Tittonen, T. Mattila, O. Jaakkola, A. Oja, H. Seppa, P. Seppala, and", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/T51-01.pdf", + "description": "\"In this paper, finite element method (FEM) simulations are used to model mechanical properties of MEMS resonators. Using a static displacement analysis the effective spring constant and mass are calculated. Nonlinearity of the mechanical restoring force is simulated to analyze large amplitude behavior of the resonator.\"" + }, { "title": "Element for Modelling of Interaction Between Foundations and Bedrock in ANSYS Software", "author": "Radim Cajka, Ondrej Víta", @@ -663,6 +859,7 @@ }, { "title": "FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF DAMAGE ACCUMULATION IN BOLTED COMPOSITE JOINTS UNDER INCREMENTAL TENSILE LOADING", + "author": "Th. Kermanidis, G. Labeas, K.I. Tserpes and Sp. Pantelakis", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/306.pdf", "description": "A three-dimensional progressive damage model was developed in order to simulate the damage accumulation of bolted single-lap composite joints under in-plane tensile loading. This model is capable of predicting the residual strength and residual stiffness of laminates with arbitrary lay-ups, geometries and bolt positions. The parametric study includes stress analysis, failure analysis and material property degradation. Stress analysis of the three-dimensional geometry was performed using the ANSYS FE code. Failure analysis and degradation of material properties were implemented using a progressive damage model, which is incorporated in an ANSYS macro-routine. The progressive model utilizes a set of stress-based Hashin-type criteria and a set of appropriate degradation rules. A parametric study was performed to examine the effect of bolt position and friction upon residual strength and damage accumulation." }, @@ -672,23 +869,36 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/flotran_chills_out.pdf", "description": "Examples of use of Flotran for electronics applications.\nFrom ANSYS Solutions, Vol. 4 Number 2." }, - { - "title": "FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf", - "description": "FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf" - }, { "title": "Fast Nonlinear Transient Thermal Solver [PDF]", "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/THOPT.pdf", "description": "Information on the fast nonlinear thermal solution method (THOPT), beta in 5.6 and documented in 5.7" }, + { + "title": "Fatigue Code Benchmark", + "author": "Riccardo Testi (Piaggio & C. spa)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/benchmark_1.zip", + "description": "A comparison of fatigue codes — LMS Virtual.Lab (Durability), FEMFAT, and MSC.Fatigue — for use with ANSYS" + }, + { + "title": "Finite Deformations Of An Earthworm Segment", + "author": "H. Kunz", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/Pilsen00.pdf", + "description": "Use of Mooney-Rivlin model." + }, { "title": "Finite Element Analysis Of Crowning Sealing Caps", "author": "Henri Champliaud, L Van Ngan", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/finite_element_analysis_of_crowning_caps.pdf", "description": "\"Metal closures, with an integrated gasket, are widely used in the food industry to ensure the sealing of the glass bottles by setting. The success of this bottle-capping is due to the relevant choice of the variables in the manufacturing process. Actually, the effects of the various variables of the process are not precisely understood.\"\n\n\"In this paper, the leakage pressure of an assembly, with given parameters of a standard setting operation is predicted. The study is concentrated firstly on the simulation of setting the cap on the bottle, and secondly, on the global distribution of the efforts of contact on the gasket according to the internal pressure. Finally, the leakage pressure of the assembly is determined using practical tests that relate the leakage pressure with the global force exerted on the gasket.\"" }, + { + "title": "Finite Element Analysis Of Plasticity-Induced Crack Closure For Inclined Cracks", + "author": "L. W. Wei and M. N. James", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/LiPaperECF13.pdf", + "description": "\"The contact occurring in inclined cracks is a general contact problem, and thus a general contact analysis must be implemented in which a combined load and displacement control procedure is used. The commercial FE code ANSYS 5.4 used in this work provides the utilities to deal with general contact problems.\"" + }, { "title": "Finite Element Analysis To Investigate The Significance Of Functional Gradients In Dental Restorations [PDF]", "author": "Tan Kok Wai, Alex and Anand Asundi", @@ -701,18 +911,72 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/Dr_Penzar.pdf", "description": "Finite Element Analysis at Mannesmann VDO Fuel Systems - ppt presentation" }, + { + "title": "Finite Element Analysis for Solder Ball Connect (SBC) Structural Design Optimization", + "author": "J.S. Corbin", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/ibmrd3705C.pdf", + "description": "\"Solder Ball Connect (SBC) is a second-level surface mount electronics packaging technology in which ceramic modules containing one or more chips are joined to a circuit card (FR-4) by means of an array of nonhomogeneous solder columns. These columns consist of a high-temperature-melting 90%Pb/lO%Sn solder sphere attached to the module and card with eutectic solder fillets. The solder structures accommodate the bulk of the strain (which is due to the thermal- expansion mismatch between FR-4 and the 9211 ceramic of the modules) generated during power cycling. If the solder structures are not properly designed, the thermal strain can be a source of premature fatigue failure. In this work, finite element analysis is used to characterize the plastic strains that develop in the SBC interconnection during thermal cycling. Since plastic strain is a dominant parameter that influences low-cycle fatigue, it is used as a basis of comparison for various structural alternatives. Designed experiment techniques are used to systematically evaluate the thermal strain sensitivity to structural variables. Results are used to identify an optimally reliable structure that is robust in terms of assembly-process variables.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Finite Element Based Reduced Order Modeling of MEMS [PDF]", + "author": "Dale Ostergaard, Miklos Gyimesi", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/MSM00_ANSYS_romfin.pdf", + "description": "Presented at MSM 2000. (MEMS)" + }, { "title": "Finite Element Based Solder Joint Fatigue Life Predictions for a Same Die Stacked Chip Scale Ball Grid Array Package", "author": "Bret Zahn", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/finite_element_based_solder_joint_fatigue.pdf", "description": "\"Viscoplastic finite-element simulation methodologies were utilized to predict solder joint reliability for a same die size, stacked, chip scale, ball grid array package under accelerated temperature cycling conditions (-40C to +125C, 15min ramps/15min dwells). The effects of multiple die attach material configurations were investigated along with the thickness of the mold cap and spacer die. The solder structures accommodate the bulk of the plastic strain that is generated during accelerated temperature cycling due to the thermal expansion mismatch between the various materials that encompass the stacked die package. Since plastic strain is a dominant parameter that influences low-cycle fatigue, it was used as a basis for evaluation of solder joint structural integrity. The paper discusses the analysis methodologies as implemented in the ANSYS finite element simulation software tool and the corresponding results for the solder joint fatigue life. Some ANSYS parametric design language commands are included for the benefit of those readers who are familiar with the tool.\"" }, + { + "title": "Finite Element Limit Load Analysis of Thin-Walled Structures by ANSYS (Implicit), LS-DYNA (Explicit) and in Combination", + "author": "Wilhelm Rust", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/limit_load.pdf", + "description": "\"After discussing general properties of implicit Finite Element analysis using ANSYS and explicit analysis using LS-DYNA it is shown when and how quasi-static limit load analyses can be performed by a transient analysis using explicit time integration. Then we focus on the remaining benefits of implicit analysis and how a proper combination of ANSYS and LS-DYNA can be used to prepare the transient analysis by common preprocessing and static analysis steps. Aspects of discretization, solution control, consideration of imperfections and methods of checking the results are outlined.\"[ANSYS LS-DYNA, Nonlinear, version unspecified]" + }, { "title": "Finite Element Method Analysis Of Non-Linear Behaviour Of Implants And Stents [PDF]", "author": "J. Awrejcewicz, M. Ciach, K. Wlodarczyk", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/implant_stent.pdf", "description": "Example of using ANSYS for stent application (Mooney-Rivlin and kinematic hardening plasticity)." }, + { + "title": "Finite Element Modeling of Capacitor Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers", + "author": "Yongrae Roh and Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/5B1.pdf", + "description": "\"A finite element model of cMUTs is constructed using the commercial code ANSYS. The complex load impedance seen by individual cells is compared with the plane wave real impedance seen by a parallel combination of the cells to make a transducer. The result shows the origin and level of crosstalk between array elements, with evidence of coupling through Stoneley and Lamb waves.\" (acoustics)" + }, + { + "title": "Finite Element Modeling of Elastic Modulus in Ductile Irons: Effect of Graphite Morphology", + "author": "S.H. Pundale, R.J. Rogers, G.R. Nadkarni", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/98-102.pdf", + "description": "\"This investigation is the first to deal with the modeling and prediction of effective elastic modulus of ductile irons using finite elements. Both plane stress and axisymmetric formulations were used to predict elastic moduli. With finite elements, it is possible to include microstructural parameters that are extremely difficult or impossible to model analytically. Assuming that the graphite nodules act as voids, the effective elastic modulus was modeled by considering the effect of small strains for nodule variables of volume fraction, shape, size and distribution. (No matrix variables have been considered.)\"" + }, + { + "title": "Finite Element Predictions of Plasticity-Induced Fatigue Crack Closure in Three-Dimensional Cracked Geometries", + "author": "Jeffrey Skinner, Jr.", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/skinner_thesis.pdf", + "description": "\"Elastic-plastic finite element analyses were performed to predict the crack opening level profiles in semi-elliptical surface cracks.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Finite Elements for Thermoelectric Device Analysis in ANSYS", + "author": "Elena Antonova and David Looman", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/antonova-C2.pdf", + "description": "\"A new set of ANSYS coupled-field elements enables users to accurately and efficiently analyze thermoelectric devices. This paper reviews the finite element formulation, which, in addition to Joule heating, includes Seebeck, Peltier, and Thomson effects. Examples of steady-state and transient simulations of a thermoelectric generator and a single-stage Peltier cooler are presented for thermoelectric analysis verification. An analysis of a multistage thermoelectric cooler is performed to demonstrate ANSYS parametric analysis capability.\"" + }, + { + "title": "First Micromachined Silicon Load Cell for Loads up to 1000 kg", + "author": "Henk Wensink, Meint J. de Boer, Remco J. Wiegerink, Robert A.F. Zwijze, Miko C. Elwenspoek", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/spie98.pdf", + "description": "\"In this paper, a bulk micromachined silicon load cell is presented, designed for loads up to 1000 kg. ANSYS simulations were used to determine the load cell dimensions and strain gauge positions.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Flip Chip Reliability Modeling Based on Solder Fatigue as Applied to Flip Chip on Laminate Assemblies", + "author": "Scott Popelar, Michael Roesch", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/popelar3.pdf", + "description": "\"A 63Sn/Pb solder fatigue model has been previously developed based on a correlation of flip chip solder fatigue data combined with nonlinear finite element analysis. This model has been successfully applied in the prediction of PBGA and CSP fatigue lives as well as a parametric study investigating the reliability of flip chip assemblies and the influence of specific design parameters. In this investigation, flip chip reliability predictions are generated based on solder fatigue modeling and compared to actual thermal cycling reliability data. The influence of both solder fatigue and underfill delamination are considered in interpretation of the experimental data.\"" + }, { "title": "Flotran Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -731,11 +995,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/tristano03.pdf", "description": "\"Finite element analysts and designers need to feel confident in the results of their analyses before sending a product to prototype or production. Mesh discretization can greatly influence the desired results. In this paper we present framework for adaptive mesh refinement to obtain FEA results with a desired accuracy. The process involves adaptively refining the mesh based on solution error norms until the result desired converges to certain accuracy. The adaptive refinement/meshing process must be fully automatic and very robust. We present an exhaustive method to create a fully automatic and integrated process that takes advantage of many of the mesh refinement and mesh optimization algorithms found in literature. The results of the process provide the user with the desired accuracy in the smallest number of iterations possible.\"\n\n[Workbench Simulation, version 7.1]" }, - { - "title": "GSkoro1.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/GSkoro1.pdf", - "description": "GSkoro1.pdf" - }, { "title": "Gasket Materials", "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -748,6 +1007,18 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/ansys_tips.pdf", "description": "Where to get help \n Insufficient disk space \n Bulk compression mode \n Choice of solver \n Element Normals \n Boolean operations on solid models \n Meshing \n Loading an array from a file \n Using ETABLE and extracting the results to an array \n Output when using the GUI \n Generating editable WMF figures " }, + { + "title": "Geometrical Aspects of a Hollow-Cathode Magnetron (HCM)", + "author": "Zhehui Wang and Samuel A. Cohen", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/PPPL-3321.pdf", + "description": "\"A hollow-cathode magnetron (HCM), built by surrounding a planar sputtering-magnetron cathode with a hollow-cathode structure (HCS), is operable at substantially lower pressures than its planar-magnetron counterpart... Detailed magnetic field distribution was calculated using the ANSYS code, and confirmed by Hall probe measurements.\"" + }, + { + "title": "HDPUG's Design for Lead-Free Solder Joint Reliability of High-Density Packages", + "author": "J. Lau, W. Dauksher, J. Smetana, R. Horsley, D. Shangguan, T. Castello, I. Menis, D. Love, B. Sulliv", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/S42-2_Dauksher.pdf", + "description": "\"The lead-free solder-joint reliability of the high-density packages, 256-pin PBGA (plastic ball grid array), 388-pin PBGA, and 1657-pin CCGA (ceramic column grid array), on PCB (printed circuit board) subjected to temperature cycling is investigated. Emphasis is placed on the determination of the creep responses (e.g., stress, strain, and strain energy density) of the lead-free solder joints of these packages. The lead-free solder is assumed to obey the Garofalo-Arrhenius creep constitutive law. The results presented herein should be useful for a better understanding of the thermal-mechanical behaviors of the lead-free solder joints in these high-density package assemblies.\"" + }, { "title": "High End Workbench Tip", "author": "PADT", @@ -761,31 +1032,40 @@ "description": "\"Anisotropic plasticity using Hill’s yield criterion was introduced in ANSYS 5.7, and the extensions to anisotropic creep and viscoplasticity were added in ANSYS 6.0. While Hill’s stress potential is most commonly used for rolled sheets, it can be used for other situations where three orthogonal planes of symmetry are preserved. This memo will introduce details of the usage of Hill’s potential in ANSYS.\"\n(Week 50, week of 08/31/08)" }, { - "title": "Human Heart Valves. Hyperelastic Material Modeling", + "title": "History of ANSYS University Support Program", + "author": "D.E. Dietrich (Curtiss-Wright Electro-Mechanical Corporation)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/ANSYS_University_Support_Program.pdf", + "description": "This document describes the history of the ANSYS University Support Program as well as history of ANSYS/ED software." + }, + { + "title": "Human Heart Valves. Hyperelastic Material Modeling", "author": "Mihai Stuparu", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/Stuparu.pdf", "description": "\"Performing a finite element analysis (FEA) on a hyperelastic material is difficult due to nonlinearity, large deformation, and material instability. This paper provides a brief review of the hyperelastic theory and discusses several important issues that should be addressed when using ANSYS. Analysis on a fatigue specimen is used as an example of one of our product development challenges upon which these issues were illuminated. We believe that a stable material model in combination with a good understanding of structural instability for traditional materials is the key to success in simulating hyperelastic materials using ANSYS.\"" }, { - "title": "Hyper-Elastic Contact Analysis of a Push-Button Diaphragm Seal", - "author": "Jeffrey R. Annis", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/hyperelasti_contact_analysis.pdf", - "description": "\"Presented is the non-linear finite element analysis of a rubber diaphragm seal utilizied in a pushbutton design. Analysis considerations encompassed, nonlinear hyper-elastic material behavior of the rubber, large deflection analysis of seal complex motion, and contact analysis with mating parts. Design parameters of primary interest were, seal deflection patterns and seal actuation force as a function of travel.\"" + "title": "Hybrid Finite Element - Trefftz Method for Open Boundary Analysis [PDF]", + "author": "Miklos Gyimesi, Igor Tsukerman and Doug Lavers", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/MSM00_ANSYS_trefftz.pdf", + "description": "Presented at MSM 2000. (MEMS)" }, { - "title": "IEEE00_LGC_umirror.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/IEEE00_LGC_umirror.pdf", - "description": "IEEE00_LGC_umirror.pdf" + "title": "Hybrid P-Element and Trefftz Method for Capacitance Computation [PDF]", + "author": "Miklos Gyimesi, Jian-She Wang, Dale Ostergaard", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/MSM00_ANSYS_tzpcfin.pdf", + "description": "Presented at MSM 2000. (MEMS)" }, { - "title": "IJSS2007.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/IJSS2007.pdf", - "description": "IJSS2007.pdf" + "title": "Hyper-Elastic Contact Analysis of a Push-Button Diaphragm Seal", + "author": "Jeffrey R. Annis", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/hyperelasti_contact_analysis.pdf", + "description": "\"Presented is the non-linear finite element analysis of a rubber diaphragm seal utilizied in a pushbutton design. Analysis considerations encompassed, nonlinear hyper-elastic material behavior of the rubber, large deflection analysis of seal complex motion, and contact analysis with mating parts. Design parameters of primary interest were, seal deflection patterns and seal actuation force as a function of travel.\"" }, { - "title": "IMAPS_Shivesh.PDF", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/IMAPS_Shivesh.PDF", - "description": "IMAPS_Shivesh.PDF" + "title": "Hyperelasticity", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/conflong_hyperel.pdf", + "description": "Presentation on the various hyperelastic strain energy functions available in ANSYS (part of the \"Advanced Analysis with ANSYS\" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).erel.pdf" }, { "title": "INTERP.zip", @@ -794,9 +1074,16 @@ "description": "\"This example interpolates stress-strain curve by polynomial function - Strain=A1+A2*StressA3*Stress^2, in temperature area between Proportional, Yield and Ultimate stresses and reads it into ANSYS db-file.\"" }, { - "title": "IPACK2005-73239.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/IPACK2005-73239.pdf", - "description": "IPACK2005-73239.pdf" + "title": "Identification Methodology of Electrical Equivalent Circuit of the Piezoelectric Transformers by FEM", + "author": "Pigache François, Nadal Clément", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/Ansys_PT_EEC.pdf", + "description": "Methodology using Ansys analyses for the identification of Electrical Equivalent Circuit of piezoelectric transformer. The demonstration is done with typical multilayered Rosen transformer but the method is relevant for any kind of transformer structures." + }, + { + "title": "Impact Of Ball Via Configurations On Solder Joint Reliability In Tape Based Chip-Scale Packages [PDF]", + "author": "Bret Zahn", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/bzahn_ball_via_fatigue_paper.pdf", + "description": "\"Three-dimensional finite element analysis has been applied to determine the time-dependent solder joint fatigue response of a tape based chip-scale package under accelerated temperature cycling.\" (Nonlinear, Anand)" }, { "title": "Implicit Creep", @@ -823,9 +1110,22 @@ "description": "\"The residual vector method can improve the accuracy of mode-superposition harmonic response or transient analyses, especially when the high-frequency content of the structure is excited. This memo provides details on how users can take advantage of this analysis technique introduced in ANSYS 11.0.\"" }, { - "title": "Jewart_etd_2006.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/Jewart_etd_2006.pdf", - "description": "Jewart_etd_2006.pdf" + "title": "Iterative Determination of Save Working Loads (SWL) for Crawler Cranes", + "author": "G. Kolarov, K.-H.Reckziegel, T.Göllnitz", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/1_1_4.pdf", + "description": "\"A program for the calculation of Save Working Loads (SWL) is introduced. It uses ANSYS and its parametric design language. The models are based on large displacements, small strains and linear-elastic material. The limit state method with partial safety coefficients is applied. For a crawler crane many configurations exist and they have to be calculated for different positions and load cases. Special attention is paid to the overall structural stability of the crane and to the effectiveness of the calculations.\"" + }, + { + "title": "LS-DYNA Simulations of Thermal Shock in Solids", + "author": "Goran Skoro", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/GSkoro1.pdf", + "description": "PowerPoint presentation on thermal shock on rod.\n[ANSYS LS-DYNA, version unspecified]" + }, + { + "title": "Large-Area, High-Transparency Extraction System for Negative Ions", + "author": "B. Heinemann, J. Bucalossi, P. Frank, R. Riedl, A. Simonin, E. Speth, O. Vollmer", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/large_area_heinemann.pdf", + "description": "(Thermal analysis)" }, { "title": "Legend_Example.zip", @@ -833,11 +1133,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/Legend_Example.zip", "description": "Example of customizing legend with annotations. See \"Read Me\"file for details, along with AVI animation.\"Essentially, I turn off the legend and write annotations into this area. It gives me considerable control over what appears there. I have also found that I can better communicate results to my customers by, say, having a legend that's reads 1.23 mils rather than 0.123E-02 inches or by referencing drawing and revision numbers, test results, material properties, and so on.\"\n\"You might need to change some of the character size and line spacing dimensions in the macros. Again, though, they work just fine for my hardware.\"" }, - { - "title": "LiPaperECF13.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/LiPaperECF13.pdf", - "description": "LiPaperECF13.pdf" - }, { "title": "License monitoring and reporting [PDF]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", @@ -863,74 +1158,10 @@ "description": "\"Starting from version 5.7, strings have been introduced to replace character arrays. Strings allow for up to 128 characters for APDL purposes, instead of the 8-letter limit of character parameters. The /INQUIRE command as well as string manipulation functions (see *GET online help) extend the usefulness of strings to retrieve and manipulate data. *VWRITE has also been enhanced to support C-format statements, useful in writing out long strings.\"\n\"At 6.0, the 8-character limitation on parameters, components, and /POST26 variables has been removed. Users can now specify up to 32 character for these items, allowing for much more descriptive names. In /POST26, variables can also be referred to by name when plotting or listing.\"" }, { - "title": "M3302.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/M3302.pdf", - "description": "M3302.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "MICROtec2000.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/MICROtec2000.pdf", - "description": "MICROtec2000.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "MPPH060.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/MPPH060.pdf", - "description": "MPPH060.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "MSM00_ANSYS_pds.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/MSM00_ANSYS_pds.pdf", - "description": "MSM00_ANSYS_pds.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "MSM00_ANSYS_romfin.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/MSM00_ANSYS_romfin.pdf", - "description": "MSM00_ANSYS_romfin.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "MSM00_ANSYS_trefftz.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/MSM00_ANSYS_trefftz.pdf", - "description": "MSM00_ANSYS_trefftz.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "MSM00_ANSYS_tzpcfin.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/MSM00_ANSYS_tzpcfin.pdf", - "description": "MSM00_ANSYS_tzpcfin.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "MSM2001_paper.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/MSM2001_paper.pdf", - "description": "MSM2001_paper.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "MSM99_ANSYS_trans126.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/MSM99_ANSYS_trans126.pdf", - "description": "MSM99_ANSYS_trans126.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "MSM99_CNRS_umirror.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/MSM99_CNRS_umirror.pdf", - "description": "MSM99_CNRS_umirror.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "MSM99_IMT_upump.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/MSM99_IMT_upump.pdf", - "description": "MSM99_IMT_upump.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "MSM99_LIMMS_piezo.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/MSM99_LIMMS_piezo.pdf", - "description": "MSM99_LIMMS_piezo.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "MSM99_ULM_cvd.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/MSM99_ULM_cvd.pdf", - "description": "MSM99_ULM_cvd.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "MSM99_UMN_ufluidic.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/MSM99_UMN_ufluidic.pdf", - "description": "MSM99_UMN_ufluidic.pdf" + "title": "Low Creep and Hysteresis Load Cell Based on a Force to Liquid Pressure Transformation", + "author": "Robert A.F. Zwijze, Remco J. Wiegerink, Theo S. J. Lammerink, and Miko Elwenspoek", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/Dutchsensorconf98.pdf", + "description": "\"Important problems in load cells are creep and hysteresis. Expensive high grade steels are used in order to reduce these effects. In this paper a load cell design based on a force to liquid pressure transformation is presented. The design is insensitive to hysteresis and creep and can be made at very low costs. Analytical, numerical and experimental results are in very close agreement with each other.\" (FLUID79)" }, { "title": "Manipulating FE Mesh [ZIP]", @@ -974,30 +1205,78 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/methods_for_modeling_bolts.pdf", "description": "\"Modeling bolts for three-dimensional finite element applications have, and still continue to raise questions. The limitations on model size sometimes make modeling of solid bolts impractical. Therefore, many analysts choose other methods to model bolts. Line elements with coupled nodes and line elements with spider beams are a couple of alternative approaches. This paper looks at a few methods for modeling pretension bolted joints using the finite element method (ANSYS 5.7). Pretension is modeled using ANSYS pretension elements (PRETS179) which can be used on solid or line element types. Surface-to-surface contact elements are used to account for varying contact distribution along flanges. Bolt head and nut behavior is modeled by, coupled nodes, beam elements, rigid body elements (RBE3), or solids. Bolt stud is modeled by solid elements, beam elements, pipe elements, or link elements. The choice of line elements versus solid elements is determined by the degree of complexity sought. The pros and cons of different simulations are also discussed.\"" }, + { + "title": "Micromachined Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Transducers Based On Parylene Diaphragm In Silicon Substrate", + "author": "Cheol-Hyun Han and Eun Sok Kim", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/ultrasonic2000.pdf", + "description": "\"This paper describes the techniques used in fabricating the transducers, their performance characteristics, and finite element analyses (FEA) with ANSYS 5.6. With ANSYS, we have calculated the stress and strain (under a static pressure load) and the dynamic mode shapes over a certain frequency range. Also, with appropriate piezoelectric matrices incorporated into the ANSYS batch model, a piezoelectric coupled-field analysis has been performed.\" (MEMS)" + }, + { + "title": "Microsystem Design Using Simulator Coupling", + "author": "S. Wünsche, C. Clauß, P. Schwarz, F. Winkler", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/spice2.pdf", + "description": "\"A methodology for simulating the performance of complex microsystems using simulator coupling is presented. The technique is based on the coupling of the FEM program ANSYS with the circuit and system simulator SABER.\"" + }, { "title": "Modal Cyclic Symmetry Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/STI12_Cyclic_Symmetry_at_6.0.pdf", "description": "\"At ANSYS 6.0, the modal cyclic symmetry procedure has been significantly improved. New commands, CYCLIC and CYCOPT, replace the older CYCGEN and CYCSOL macros and provide more flexibility and ease-of-use.\"" }, + { + "title": "Modeling Approach for CVD-Diamond-based Mechanical Structures [PDF]", + "author": "P. Schmid, M. Adamschik, S. Ertl, P. Gluche, and E. Kohn", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/MSM99_ULM_cvd.pdf", + "description": "Analysis of diamond-based MEMS devices (instead of silicon) with ANSYS." + }, { "title": "Modeling Diesel Engine Cylinder Head Gaskets using the Gasket Material Option of the SOLID185 Element", "author": "Jonathan Raub", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/modeling_disel_engine_cylinder_gaskets.pdf", "description": "\"The modeling of diesel engine cylinder head gasket joints is complicated by the nonlinear response of the head gasket’s materials. Linearization of these material responses can lead to significant errors in the solution’s results. The 1-dimensional nonlinear approximation made by the Gasket material option of the SOLID185 element sufficiently captures the response of the nonlinear gasket materials while maintaining practical solution times for the large model sizes associated with multi-cylinder head gasket joint models. This paper will give an overview of the model building and assembly process used to create a head gasket joint model, describe the nonlinear nature of the materials used in the model, and present comparisons of the model’s results with experimental measurements.\"\n\n[STI: There is a gasket-specific material & element in 6.1, not available at the time of the writing]" }, + { + "title": "Modeling MEMS Resonant Devices Over a Broad Temperature Range [PDF]", + "author": "Russell DeAnna, Shuvo Roy, Christian A. Zorman, Mehran Mehregany", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/memsissue2.pdf", + "description": "(from ANSYS Solutions magazine, volume 1, #2) (MEMS)" + }, + { + "title": "Modeling Of Aluminum Reduction Cells Using Finite Element Analysis Techniques", + "author": "Imad Tabsh, Marc Dupuis", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/tms95.pdf", + "description": "\"This paper summarizes the authors' experience in using FEA to model Hall-Héroult reduction cells. FEA capabilities necessary to adequately simulate thermo-electric, electro-magnetic and stress fields within the cell are identified.\" (Used ANSYS 4.4A and 5.0)\nAvailable is an older, related paper on Thermo-Electric Coupled Field Analysis of Aluminum Reduction Cells Using the ANSYS Parametric Design Language." + }, { "title": "Modeling Viscous Behavior [ZIP]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/STI0604_Viscous_Behavior.zip", "description": "\"Amorphous solids or solids at elevated temperatures may exhibit viscous behavior. It may be difficult for some users to determine how best to model such behavior. This memo hopes to describe some available options in ANSYS and to differentiate between viscoelastic and viscoplastic constitutive models.\"" }, + { + "title": "Modeling an Electrostatically Actuated MEMS Diaphragm Pump", + "author": "James Nabity", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf", + "description": "The recent advent of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) or micro-devices has generated excitement in many diverse fields. In the area of micro-fluidics liquid pumps are highly desirable for fluid transport and atomization. A recent and popular example of this is the inkjet, which self-aspirates ink from a reservoir and then transports it to a chamber for expulsion as a single droplet during the printing process. Extending this technology to other potential applications requires analytical and computational tools for design. Several computational software packages are commercially available, such as CoventorWareTM, FLUENTTM, and ANSYSTM [1-3], but each is difficult to use and to date only ANSYS has been able to solve this fully coupled multi-physics problem. Thus, simplified analytical models are attractive for preliminary design and analysis. This paper describes a quasi one-dimensional model developed for the design and analysis of an electrostatically actuated diaphragm pump. The attributes and assumptions of this model will be presented. Finally, performance results obtained for a MEMS diaphragm pump will be compared to ANSYS three-dimensional time-accurate results." + }, + { + "title": "Modeling of the Piezoelectric Micropump for Improving the Working Parameters [PDF]", + "author": "Oana Tatiana Nedelcu, Victor Moagar-Poladian", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/MSM99_IMT_upump.pdf", + "description": "A piezo micropump. Used ANSYS for analysis of deflection of pump. (MEMS)" + }, { "title": "Modeling preloaded bolts [PDF]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/week12-STI43_TNT_Bolt_preload.pdf", "description": "Modeling preload in bolts via contact offset, thermal contraction, or the new pretension elements PRETS179.\nPRELOAD1, PRELOAD2, and PRELOAD3 input files" }, + { + "title": "Modelling and Experimental Investigations on Degradation of Microcomponents in Power Cycling", + "author": "M. Thoben, W. Staiger, J. Wilde", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/mw2000_1031.pdf", + "description": "\"Thermomechanical damage is one of the principal failure causes of microcomponents and microsystems. Often the basic defect mechanisms are crack initiation and subsequent crack propagation in interfaces or materials. The fatigue behavior of microcomponents can in many cases be described by the Manson-Coffin-Formula. This model is well-suited for comparison of different designs relative to each other but it will fail when a realistic lifetime prognosis is expected. Therefore we worked out a concept which is based on the computation of the strain range distribution in the interconnection by finite elements simulations and subsequent calculation of the cyclic crack propagation rate. Using this method in combination with calibration measurements it is possible to predict the lifetime of electronic assemblies with significantly improved precision compared to the Low-Cycle-Fatigue approaches.\"" + }, { "title": "Multi-Criteria Shape Optimization of a Funnel in Cathode Ray Tubes Using Response Surface Model", "author": "Tae Hee Lee, Kwangki Lee, Kwang Soon Lee", @@ -1040,6 +1319,18 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/contact_tech.pdf", "description": "Presentation on various aspects of 17x contact technology (part of the \"Advanced Analysis with ANSYS\" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference)." }, + { + "title": "Nonlinear Mechanics of Suspension Beams for a Micromachined Gyroscope", + "author": "W. O. Davis and A. P. Pisano", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/MSM2001_paper.pdf", + "description": "\"We present a method for the calculation of the coefficients of cubic stiffening for tether-suspended micromachined systems. The analysis is based on a nonlinear rod theory, and enables the prediction of the maximum achievable motion amplitude prior to the onset of nonlinear behavior. The analysis is applied in detail to a microgyroscope. Comparisons with a finite element model and experimental data are used to validate the analysis, and issues pertaining to the optimal design of the gyroscope's suspension are investigated.\" (MEMS)" + }, + { + "title": "Nonlinear Models of Reinforced and Post-tensioned Concrete Beams", + "author": "P. Fanning", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/20010202.pdf", + "description": "\"Commercial finite element software generally includes dedicated numerical models for the nonlinear response of concrete under loading. These models usually include a smeared crack analogy to account for the relatively poor tensile strength of concrete, a plasticity algorithm to facilitate concrete crushing in compression regions and a method of specifying the amount, the distribution and the orientation of any internal reinforcement. The numerical model adopted by ANSYS is discussed in this paper. Appropriate numerical modelling strategies are recommended and comparisons with experimental load-deflection responses are discussed for ordinary reinforced concrete beams and post-tensioned concrete T-beams.\" (Concrete SOLID65)" + }, { "title": "Nonlinear Submodeling [ZIP]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -1052,12 +1343,30 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/Week_16_Nonlinear_Monitor.pdf", "description": "Memo covering the benefits of the jobname.mntr file and the MONITOR command in nonlinear analyses." }, + { + "title": "Novel Horn Designs for Ultrasonic/Sonic Cleaning Welding, Soldering, Cutting and Drilling", + "author": "S. Sherrit, S.A. Askins, M. Gradziol, B.P. Dolgin, X. Bao, Z. Chang, and Y. Bar-Cohen", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/SPIE-02-SS-4701-34-horn.pdf", + "description": "\"In this paper we will present a variety of novel horn designs, which overcome some of the limitations discussed above. One particular design that has been found to overcome these limitations is the folded horn. In this design the horn elements are folded which reduce the overall length of the resonator (physical length) but maintain or increase the acoustic length. In addition initial experiments indicate that the tip displacement can be further adjusted by phasing the bending displacements and the extensional displacements. The experimental results for a variety of these and other novel horn designs will be presented and compared to the results predicted by theory.\"\n[ANSYS Piezoelectric, version unknown]" + }, { "title": "Numerial Implementation of Multiaxial High-Cycle Fatigue Criterion to Structural Optimization", "author": "Miroslaw Mrzyglód, Andrzej P. Zielinski", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/mrzyg-ziel-3-06.pdf", "description": "\"Modern multiaxial high-cycle fatigue criteria were investigated with respect to their application in structural optimization procedures coupled with finite element codes. As a result of tests carried out for several fatigue criteria, the Dang Van hypothesis was used for the detailed numerical study. A way of respective adapting the high-cycle load history was also suggested. The complete algorithm of the fatigue optimization was illustrated by applying the proposed procedures to vehicle parts which are subject to high-cycle loadings. The finite element code ANSYS was used in the structural modeling.\"\n\n[ANSYS Structural, version 8.1]" }, + { + "title": "Numerical And Analytical Modeling Of The Piezoelectric Transformer And Experimental Verification [PDF]", + "author": "S. Hallaert , E. Sarraute and B. Le Pioufle", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/MSM99_LIMMS_piezo.pdf", + "description": "Use of ANSYS for modal analysis of miniature piezo transformer. (MEMS)" + }, + { + "title": "Numerical Modeling for Systematization of Line Heating Process", + "author": "Jong-Gye Shin, Won-Don Kim, and Jang-Hyun Lee", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/jhs.pdf", + "description": "\"In this paper, we first propose a conceptual configuration for ship production system of plate forming. It is necessary to integrate lofting and plate forming activities for minimum thermal energy in line heating process. The modeling of heating torch, water cooling, and plate to be formed is proposed for the finite element analysis after the mechanics of line heating is studied. A three-dimensional 8-node solid elements of ANSYS were chosen for analysis.\"\n(Thermal-Stress)" + }, { "title": "Numerical Simulations of Flat-walled Diffuser Elements for Valveless Micropumps [PDF]", "author": "Anders Olsson, Goran Stemme, and Erik Stemme", @@ -1077,9 +1386,34 @@ "description": "Paper using ANSYS 5.5 for characterizing hyperelastic materials with Mooney-Rivlin" }, { - "title": "PAC1991_2197.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/PAC1991_2197.pdf", - "description": "PAC1991_2197.pdf" + "title": "Optimal Design of Computer Experiments for the Generation of Microsystem Macromodels Using IMSET and Non-Parametric Fitting", + "author": "Selden B. Crary, Peter Cousseau, David Armstrong, David M. Woodcock, Olivier Dubochet, Philippe Lerc", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/M3302.pdf", + "description": "\"We present a new and unique software program, IMSET, capable of finding optimal designs for computer experiments. A finite-element simulation of a micro-machined flow sensor was used to illustrate macromodel generation and to compare the quality of the IMSET design with other approaches.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Optimization of a Circular Piezoelectric Bimorph for a Micropump Driver", + "author": "Christopher J. Morris and Fred K. Forster", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/jm0323.pdf", + "description": "\"Piezoelectric bimorph actuation has been successfully used in numerous types of microdevices, most notably micropumps. However, even for the simple case of circular geometry, analytical treatments are severely limited. This study utilized the finite-element method to optimize the deflection of a circular bimorph consisting of a single piezoelectric actuator, bonding material and elastic plate of finite dimensions. Optimum actuator dimensions were determined for given plate dimensions, actuator-to-plate stiffness ratio and bonding layer thickness.\" (PLANE13)" + }, + { + "title": "Optimizing Board-level Reliability of an Underfilled, Stacked Chip Scale Package", + "author": "Zane E. Johnson, Nathan R. Schneck", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/2012-optimum_csp_underfill.pdf", + "description": "\"Previously benchmarked finite-element (FE) models of a stacked chip scale package (CSP) are used to identify optimum underfill material properties under drop-impact and accelerated temperature cycling (ATC) stress conditions. The simulation sets indicate that an underfill having a modulus of 2–6 GPa and CTE of 25 ppm/K maximizes drop life and does no harm to ATC performance for both Sn63Pb37 and SAC305 solder joints. The methodology described can be applied to other package styles, material sets, and stress conditions.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Optimum Design of a Ceramic Tensile Creep Specimen Using a Finite Element Method", + "author": "Z. Wang, C. K. Chiang, and T. J. Chuang", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/cj21-wai.pdf", + "description": "\"An optimization procedure for designing a ceramic tensile creep specimen to minimize stress concentration is carried out using a finite element method.\"\n(Optimization, Creep, Contact)" + }, + { + "title": "Overview of Reliability Models and Data Needs", + "author": "Ahmer Syed", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/021501Syed.pdf", + "description": "\"Workshop on Modeling and Data Needs for Lead-Free Solders\" (Amkor Presentation) Note that FEA pictures in presentation are ANSYS plots - Darveaux's data is based on Anand's Model (TB,ANAND), although ANSYS also allows for use of common creep laws such as hyperbolic sine and power law." }, { "title": "PDF file summarizing beta contact features at 5.6.1 [PDF]", @@ -1099,11 +1433,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/POW2MAT.zip", "description": "\"This is a simple program written in Turbo pascal which I find very useful for converting the output from ANSYS (prvar, prnsol, etc) into columns, while removing the headers at the start and between the page listings. The program is used at a DOS prompt and one types in: pow2mat col filein fileout , where col are the number of columns in the output, filein MUST have an extension .val and fileout WILL have an extension .txt. You do NOT type in the extensions, they are default. For example, you would type pow2mat 7 nodelist nodelist which would extract 7 columns from the file nodelist.val and write a stripped file called nodelist.txt . If you have several files to convert, you can use the DOS FOR command as follows: \n FOR %I IN (*.val) DO pow2mat 3 %~nI %~nI\"" }, - { - "title": "PPPL-3321.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/PPPL-3321.pdf", - "description": "PPPL-3321.pdf" - }, { "title": "PRESSURE_MAC.zip", "author": "Hursha Narayan (Robert Bosch Corporation)", @@ -1128,6 +1457,12 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/STI0903_PSD_Postprocessing_2.zip", "description": "\"PSD users may wish to determine the relative 1-sigma results between two points. This memo covers three methods to perform this operation, in hopes that it will give users more familiarity with PSD postprocessing in ANSYS.\"" }, + { + "title": "PZT Actuated Micromirror For Nano-Tracking Of Laser Beam For High-Density Optical Data Storage [PDF]", + "author": "Youngjoo Yee, Hyo-Jin Nam, See-Hyung Lee, Jong Uk Bu, Young-Sam Jeon, and Seong-Moon Cho", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/IEEE00_LGC_umirror.pdf", + "description": "A piezo-actuated micromirror. Used ANSYS for stress and modal analysis of mirror. (MEMS)" + }, { "title": "Parameter Studies For Enhanced Integrity Of Reciprocating Compressor Foundation Blocks", "author": "Jayant S. Mandke, Anthony J. Smalley", @@ -1153,9 +1488,10 @@ "description": "\"In many non-standard engineering development applications it strongly pays off to invest an effort into understanding the physics of the problem prior to undertaking complex numerical simulations. The better the knowledge of the leading physical effects in a complex system, the simpler and more cost-efficient the analytical model can be. Moreover, the understanding of the most important physical driving effects often enables one to build a simplified, closed-form mathematical effective model. Such models usually give insight into the interplay of various parameters governing the physical behavior of the complex system. In this way, a fast pre-optimization of the desired features is often possible. Subsequently, the rich arsenal of ANSYS multiphysics capabilities can be used to refine the judgements and obtain the desired quantitative solutions.\"" }, { - "title": "Pilsen00.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/Pilsen00.pdf", - "description": "Pilsen00.pdf" + "title": "Plastic Deformation and Loss of Joint Force by Creep in High Current Joints", + "author": "Josef Kindersberger, Helmut Löbl, Stephan Schoft", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/13_4.pdf", + "description": "\"The mechanical stress distribution in aluminum busbar joints is calculated using the Finite Element Method. Based on the physical fundamentals of creep in aluminum the reduction of the joint force by creep depending on the temperature of the joints as well as on the initial joint force and on the washer is simulated.\" (Creep)" }, { "title": "Plasticity Hardening Rules [ZIP]", @@ -1211,6 +1547,12 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/principles_of_simulating_contact_between.pdf", "description": "\"The ANSYS finite element analysis (FEA) program offers a variety of elements designed to treat cases of changing mechanical contact between the parts of an assembly or between different faces of a single part. These elements range from simple, limited idealizations to complex and sophisticated, general purpose algorithms. FEA analysts are frequently faced with modeling situations where changing contact cannot be assumed negligible and ignored. Finding the best choices for contact elements, element options, solver, and solution options can drastically improve the model’s performance and reduce the analyst’s frustration with a contact simulation model.\"" }, + { + "title": "Probabilistic Design System (PDS): A Realistic Approach of Finite Element Modelling for Capacitive Micro-machined Ultrasonic Transducers (cMUTS)", + "author": "Vamshi Kommareddy, Manoj Kumar, Ying Fan, James Barshinger", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/Tu.4.7.4.pdf", + "description": "\"This paper represents a realistic approach for modeling a cMUT device. CMUTs have become very popular over the last decade because of the comparable bandwidth, sensitivity and dynamic range with its piezoelectric counterparts. The ease of fabrication is an added advantage. Modeling of CMUT is a coupled physics problem, which involves solving Electrostatics-Structural-Fluid interactions simultaneous. Finite Element models of the CMUT are constructed using the commercial code ANSYS (10.0). In the standard approach of modeling, from existing literature assumes deterministic values for design parameters, however fabrication of the device introduces some amount of variation in the design parameters. In this paper, the PDS FEM approach is discussed to account for the variability in fabrication. The results from the PDS approach on the performance characteristics like resonance frequency; collapse voltage and electromechanical coupling coefficient will be discussed.\"\n[ANSYS PDS, version 10.0]" + }, { "title": "QR Damped Modal Analysis [PDF]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", @@ -1224,9 +1566,16 @@ "description": "\"There have been significant enhancements to the QR Damped eigenvalue extraction method in the past several releases of ANSYS. At 8.0, the capability of including unsymmetric damping [C] matrix was introduced, along with support of damping defined via the DMPRAT and MDAMP commands.\nANSYS 8.1, the material-based constant damping ratio MP,DMPR allowed users to specify constant damping ratios per material ID in mode-superposition harmonic analyses, when used with the QRDAMP eigensolver. With the release of 9.0, QRDAMP also supports unsymmetric stiffness [K] matrix, output of complex eigenvectors, and the use of the PSOLVE command. This memo hopes to cover the use of QR Damped eigenvalue extraction method in friction problems, where an unsymmetric stiffness [K] matrix may be present. An example of this type of problem is brake squeal analyses, where the combination of ANSYS 17x contact elements and the QRDAMP eigensolver provide an easy-to-use, efficient means of determining unstable modes.\"" }, { - "title": "RDARV_Article1200.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/RDARV_Article1200.pdf", - "description": "RDARV_Article1200.pdf" + "title": "Quality Based Design and Design for Reliability of MEMS Using Probabilistic Methods [PDF]", + "author": "Stefan Reh, Paul Lethbridge, Dale Ostergaard", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/MSM00_ANSYS_pds.pdf", + "description": "Presented at MSM 2000. (MEMS)" + }, + { + "title": "Quality Based Design from Probabilistic Methods [PDF]", + "author": "Stefan Reh, Paul Lethbridge, Dale Ostergaard", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/memsissue4.pdf", + "description": "(from ANSYS Solutions magazine, volume 2, #2) (MEMS)" }, { "title": "Radiation article in ANSYS Solutions Magazine [PDF]", @@ -1247,9 +1596,10 @@ "description": "Example of random vibration analysis of a circuit board in ANSYS.\nInput files in zip format" }, { - "title": "Reliability Needs", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/021501Syed.pdf", - "description": "Overview of Reliability Models and Data Needs" + "title": "Reduced Order Modeling of Fluid Structural Interactions in MEMS Based on Modal Projection Techniques", + "author": "Jan Mehner, Wolfram Doetzel, Bernd Schauwecker, Dale Ostergaard", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/transducers-paper_3.pdf", + "description": "This paper provides useful background information on the modal projection technique available in ANSYS with FLUID136 elements (RMFLVEC, DMPRAT, and ABEXTRACT macros). Although the ROM140 element has not been officially released (it is undocumented), this paper introduces that element as well." }, { "title": "Review of Anisotropy, Yield Criteria, Failure Criteria [PDF]", @@ -1257,26 +1607,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/STI03_Yield_and_Failure.pdf", "description": "\"This memo hopes to serve as a review of the basics of anisotropy, yield criteria, failure criteria, and the ANSYS procedure related to these topics.\"\n(Week 15, week of 01/21/02.)" }, - { - "title": "S42-2_Dauksher.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/S42-2_Dauksher.pdf", - "description": "S42-2_Dauksher.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "SPIE-02-SS-4701-34-horn.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/SPIE-02-SS-4701-34-horn.pdf", - "description": "SPIE-02-SS-4701-34-horn.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "SPIE-02-SS-4701-36-USDC.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/SPIE-02-SS-4701-36-USDC.pdf", - "description": "SPIE-02-SS-4701-36-USDC.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "SPIE-05_Zensheu-USDC-modeling.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/SPIE-05_Zensheu-USDC-modeling.pdf", - "description": "SPIE-05_Zensheu-USDC-modeling.pdf" - }, { "title": "STI0904_USERFC.zip", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -1284,9 +1614,10 @@ "description": "\"The FC command provides users with the ability to predict first-ply failure using maximum strain, maximum stress, or Tsai-wu failure criteria. In ANSYS 12.0.1, users can also take advantage of the userfc subroutine to define up to nine different criteria.\nThis memo reviews the userfc subroutine, and a sample implementation of the Hashin criterion is included.\"" }, { - "title": "Save Working Loads", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/1_1_4.pdf", - "description": "Iterative Determination of Save Working Loads (SWL) for Crawler Cranes" + "title": "Semiconductor Package Simulations: Assembly, Test, and Reliability [PDF]", + "author": "Steven Groothuis", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/groothuis.pdf", + "description": "This is a presentation which demonstrates various types of analyses ANSYS can perform which are applicable to the semiconductor industry." }, { "title": "Shape Memory Alloy", @@ -1294,6 +1625,18 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/Shape_Memory_Alloy.pdf", "description": "Short PDF describing differences between the superelastic and shape memory effect options for Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) material model. Simple input file can be downloaded here." }, + { + "title": "Simple APDL Implementation of a 3D FEM Simulator for Mutual Capacitances of Arbitrarily Shaped Objects Like Interconnects [PDF]", + "author": "Andreas Hieke", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/t2107.pdf", + "description": "Alternative download link here or here\nSee other publication by A. Hieke. I can't recall if this or the above article is referenced in ANSYS 5.6 Theory Manual. A variant article \"Tiny Devices, Big Problems: Computation of Capacitance in Microelectric Structures\" was published in the ANSYS Solutions magazine Vol 2 No 3." + }, + { + "title": "Simulation of Bellcore Testing of Electronics Cabinets for the Telecommunications Industry [PDF]", + "author": "Chris Andersen", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/andersen.pdf", + "description": "Various Bellcore tests performed with ANSYS." + }, { "title": "Simulation of Brake Block Induced Corrugation on Railway Wheels", "author": "Ulf Sellgren", @@ -1319,9 +1662,10 @@ "description": "\"We present in this paper a simple technique, called smart sizing, which automatically computes high quality initial element sizing on curves for triangular, quadrilateral and tetrahedral elements.\"" }, { - "title": "SolderTMC.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/SolderTMC.pdf", - "description": "SolderTMC.pdf" + "title": "Space-Time Finite Element Approximation and Numerical Solution of Hereditary Linear Viscoelasticity Problems", + "author": "J. Orlik, A. Ostrovska", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/bericht92.pdf", + "description": "\"In this paper we suggest a fast numerical approach to treat problems of the hereditary linear viscoelasticity, which results in the system of elliptic partial differential equations in space variables , who’s coefficients are Volterra integral operators of the second kind in time. We propose to approximate the relaxation kernels by the product of purely time- and space-dependent terms, which is achieved by their piecewisepolynomial space-interpolation. A priori error estimate was obtained and it was shown, that such approximation does not decrease the convergence order, when an interpolation polynomial is chosen of the same order as the shape functions for the spatial finite element approximation, while the computational effort is significantly reduced.\"\n[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unknown]" }, { "title": "Sparse Solver Improvements [PDF]", @@ -1353,6 +1697,12 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/week5_Surface_Effect_Elements.pdf", "description": "Introduction to structural surface effect elements (SURF153/154).\nBOLTLOAD input file" }, + { + "title": "Structural and Thermal Analysis of a MEMS Angular Gyroscope", + "author": "Chris C. Painter and Andrei M. Shkel", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/cpainter_SPIE.pdf", + "description": "\"This paper describes the structural and thermal modeling of a Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) z-axis angular gyroscope. The gyroscope consists of a oscillating proof mass supported by a suspension made up of six concentric interconnected rings rigidly attached to an anchored frame. The device is capable of measuring angular displacement through precession of the proof mass line of oscillation in the presence of rotation induced Coriolis force. Using a strain energy method,a closed form solution for the effective stiffness of the suspension system is developed, which is confirmed using finite element modeling. A comparative study of the suspension with a commonly used serpentine spring suspension demonstrates that the studied device is robust to thermal fluctuations and residual stresses. A parametric analysis is used to identify an appropriate micromachining technology suitable for the fabrication of the angular gyroscope.\"" + }, { "title": "Structural surface Effect Elements, General Overview", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -1377,11 +1727,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/surfeff_final1.zip", "description": "An overview presentation and example workshop on generating surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed." }, - { - "title": "T51-01.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/T51-01.pdf", - "description": "T51-01.pdf" - }, { "title": "Tabular Boundary Conditions and Function Editor at 6.0 [PDF]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -1418,6 +1763,30 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/PA-27.pdf", "description": "\"This paper is focused on the evaluation of simulation system using the experiment result and the configuration of pericounter which is the part of counter unit setting at bottom of window side with heat panel to avoid the influence of cold draft, utilizing simulation system. The simulation shows similar flow pattern to full scale experiment and consequent simulations indicate that cold draft does not flow into interior zone when the heat generation rate exceeds heat loss from the window in most cases. When the heat generation portion is 75% of heat loss from the window, some cases which have certain configuration of pericounter successfully avoids the influence of draft without fan.\"" }, + { + "title": "The Thermo-Mechanical Stress Issues in a Thermally Enhanced QFP", + "author": "Jack G. Hwang, T. J. Huang, and J. J. Lee", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/1998imaps_taiwan.pdf", + "description": "\"A finite element model with multiple load steps for different processes is used to predict the stresses in die in a thermally enhanced QFP (HQFP).\"" + }, + { + "title": "Thermal Finite Elements Analysis of the BaBar Silicon Vertex Tracker", + "author": "D. Barni, D. Giugni, F. Lanni, F. Palombo", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/BaBar295.pdf", + "description": "\"In this note we present nite elements calculations of the thermal behavior of the BaBar silicon vertex tracker. Layers 1-2, 3 and 5 have been studied. Results show the adequacy of the cooling system in keeping the front-end chips into their optimal working condition. Thermo-mechanical results of layers 1-2 are also presented.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Thermal Modeling of the Infrared Reflow Process for Solder Ball Connect (SBC)", + "author": "H.V. Mahaney", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/ibmrd3705E.pdf", + "description": "\"A thermal model of the infrared reflow process has been developed for an FR-4 card populated with an array of Solder Ball Connect (SBC) modules. The analysis of the three-dimensional, transient, finite element model accounts for radiative exchange within the infrared oven and for the heat conduction (nonisotropic) within the modules and card. Transient temperature profiles of selected points and three-dimensional temperature distributions at selected times are presented to describe the primary heat-transport mechanisms. Numerical predictions and empirical data indicate that the SBC modules are relatively isothermal throughout the infrared reflow process. Therefore, every solder ball within the array exhibits a nearly identical thermal profile. This result is fortunate, since the inner solder ball connections cannot be visually inspected. The influence of module spacing and the ability to improve the reflow process by use of a high-emissivity cap coating are demonstrated.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Thermal Stress Analysis of Numi Baffle", + "author": "Bob Wands", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/numib695.pdf", + "description": "(Thermal-stress analysis)" + }, { "title": "Thermal Surface Effect Elements Intro [PDF]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", @@ -1436,6 +1805,24 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/surfeff_final3.zip", "description": "An overview presentation and example workshop on thermal surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed." }, + { + "title": "Thermomechanical Fatigue Failure of Interfaces in Lead-Free Solders", + "author": "M¨uge Erinc (Eindhoven University of Technology)", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/200711956.pdf", + "description": "\"The European Union Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE) and Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive (RoHS) banned lead from electronic systems from July 1, 2006 onwards, which has led to much interest in leadfree solders in the past years. Among several lead-free solder alternatives, SnAgCu is a widely accepted replacement due to its better creep-fatigue resistance and microstructural stability. SnAgCu has been extensively studied in the past decade, however, there are still issues to be resolved concerning solder reliability, the underlying mechanisms of thermo-mechanical fatigue failure, fatigue life predictions and the overall effect of decreasing component size, driven by the ongoing miniaturization trend. This thesis aims to scientifically contribute to this subject by a coupled experimental-numerical approach.\"" + }, + { + "title": "Time-Dependent Material Modeling for Finite Element Analyses of Flip Chips", + "author": "Frank Feustel, Steffen Wiese, Ekkehard Meusel", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/51ectc_outstanding_poster.pdf", + "description": "\"Finite element analyses (FEA) have established as effective method for reliability assessment of flip chip assemblies. The simulation results are significantly dependent on the selected material models. Regarding flip chip assemblies, this statement mainly applies to the tin lead solder of the flip chip joints and the encapsulant – the so-called underfill.\nComprehensive material data of eutectic solder were determined on real flip chip joints by TU Dresden. Based on these data three modeling approaches were evaluated (target platform was the FEA code ANSYS): viscoplasticity (Anand's model), power law creep (with 2 terms) + plasticity, and sinh law creep + plasticity (as user defined model in ANSYS).\"" + }, + { + "title": "Tooling up for Micro Electro Mechanical Systems [PDF]", + "author": "Dale Ostergaard", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/memsissue3.pdf", + "description": "(from ANSYS Solutions magazine, volume 2, #1) (MEMS)" + }, { "title": "Topology Optimization in ANSYS", "author": "Brian King (IMPACT Engineering Solutions, Inc.)", @@ -1467,14 +1854,10 @@ "description": "\"We investigate here the spatial distributions of intracellular stresses when adherent cells are probed by magnetic twisting cytometry. The influence of the cell nucleus stiffness on the simulated nonlinear torque-bead rotation response is analyzed by considering a finite element multi-component cell model in which the cell and its nucleus are considered as different hyperelastic materials. We additionally take into account the mechanical properties of the basal cell cortex, which can be affected by the interaction of the basal cell membrane with the extracellular substrate. In agreement with data obtained on epithelial cells, the simulated behaviour of the cell model relates the hyperelastic response observed at the entire cell scale to the distribution of stresses and strains within the nucleus and the cytoskeleton, up to cell adhesion areas. These results, which indicate how mechanical forces are transmitted at distant points through the cytoskeleton, are compared to recent data imaging the highly localized distribution of intracellular stresses.\"[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 6.0]" }, { - "title": "Tu.4.7.4.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/Tu.4.7.4.pdf", - "description": "Tu.4.7.4.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "Tunneling-Accelerometer-Paper.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/Tunneling-Accelerometer-Paper.pdf", - "description": "Tunneling-Accelerometer-Paper.pdf" + "title": "Underfill Constraint Effects during Thermo-Mechanical Cycling of Flip Chip Solder Joints", + "author": "I. Dutta, A. Gopinath, and C. Marshall", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/SolderTMC.pdf", + "description": "\"The presence of an 'underfill' encapsulant between a micro-electronic device and the underlying substrate is known to substantially improve the thermal fatigue life of flip-chip solder joints, primarily due to load-transfer from the solder to the encapsulant. In this study, a new single joint-shear (SJS) test, which allows the measurement of the strain response of an individual solder ball during thermo-mechanical cycling (TMC), has been utilized to investigate the impact of the constraint imposed by the underfill on a solder-joint. Finite element modeling has been utilized to demonstrate that the SJS sample geometry captures most of the deformation characteristics of a flip-chip joint, and to provide insight into the experimental observations.\"" }, { "title": "Understanding Accuracy and Discretization Error in an FEA Model", @@ -1548,6 +1931,12 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/STI08_PSOLVE.zip", "description": "Although most often used for large-deflection prestressed modal analyses, PSOLVE has other applications which make it attractive to use, especially for large models.\n\nPSOLVE can be used for the following situations:\n\nPrecise mass calculations\nDetailed listing of contact pair information\nEvaluation of tabular boundary conditions and loads\n\nSince PSOLVE is a partial solution (namely, calculation of element matrices), it is usually much faster than performing an actual solution. Hence, the user may obtain any (or all) of the above three types of information prior to running an actual analysis, which can be a valuable way of verifying model input and settings prior to solution.\n\n(Week 20, week of 07/14/02.)" }, + { + "title": "Using a Heat Transfer Analogy to Solve for Squeeze Film Damping and Stiffness Coefficients in MEMS Structures", + "author": "Dale Ostergaard, Jan Mehner", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/mems-thermal-analogy-fsi-damping.pdf", + "description": "This paper provides background information on using a heat transfer analogy to solve the Reynolds equation (squeeze film damping). Although ANSYS now has FLUID136 and FLUID138 to solve such problems, this paper can be useful in gaining a better understanding of these types of analyses." + }, { "title": "Using the Radiosity Solver in Workbench Simulation [PDF]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -1584,6 +1973,18 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/VectorRotation.zip", "description": "\"These macros rotate a matrix of vectors from one set of Euler angles to another. One macro creates the rotation matrix and a second does the rotation. To test the macros, a pressurized cylinder (or optionally a sphere) is built, meshed, and solved in 6 different coordinate systems. To check accuracy, results are rotated from one CSYS to another by the macros and then compared to ANSYS. Set your text editor's tab stops to 2 for macro readability.\"\n\nIn the zip file, \"zTestRotationVector.mac\"is the test model macro, and \"zRotateVector.mac\"is the main macro to rotate vectors.\n\nUpdate 02/07/2009: correction to zRotateVector.mac provided by David Creech." }, + { + "title": "Vibration Prediction in Switched Reluctance Motors With Transfer Function Identification From Shaker and Force Hammer Tests", + "author": "Zhangjun Tang, Pragasen Pillay, and Avoki M. Omekanda", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/10.pdf", + "description": "\"A vibration prediction model for the switched reluctance motor is constructed in this paper. Shaker and force hammer tests for vibration measurement are used for measuring crucial parameters like modal frequency and damping ratio for the transfer function. A detailed lookup table of normal force versus phase current and rotor angle is constructed based on finite-element calculations. The model is then verified by experiments, with acceptable accuracy.\"\n[ANSYS Low-Frequency Electromagnetics, version unspecified]" + }, + { + "title": "Viscoelastic Properties of Filled Rubber. Experimental Observations and Material Modelling", + "author": "Bohdana Marvalova", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/marval_inzen_mech2007.pdf", + "description": "\"The paper presents an application of a phenomenological material model for a viscoelastic stress response at large strains. The model is used for the simulation of carbon-black filled rubber in monotonic and cyclic deformation processes under isothermal conditions. The material stress response is decomposed into two constitutive parts which act in parallel: an elastic equilibrium stress response and a rate-dependent viscoelastic overstress response. The response of a particular filled rubber in the cyclic and relaxation tests was measured experimentally. The parameters of the constitutive functions are determined from the experimental data by an identification process employing nonlinear optimization methods. The paper concludes with a simulation by FEM of the cyclic loading of a simple rubber specimen.\"\n[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 10] " + }, { "title": "Viscoelasticity", "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -1602,17 +2003,18 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/acton20081119-visualizing_matrices.pdf", "description": "\"This article presents a method of visualizing structural matrices used in finite-element analysis using ANSYS and the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). The information is intended to provide some insight into the nature of structural matrices used in finite-element codes. Some terms used in sparse-matrix arithmetic are discussed, and methods for calculating certain quantities are provided. A test model is constructed to demonstrate how the stiffness, mass, and damping matrices may be visualized for various systems. The effect of element shape, element type (including superelements), element reordering, and equation reordering on structural matrices is briefly investigated.\"" }, - { - "title": "WEP125G.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/WEP125G.pdf", - "description": "WEP125G.pdf" - }, { "title": "Windows file association for ANSYS files [PDF]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/Week_20_Windows_File_Association.pdf", "description": "How to associate database, graphics, and input files with ANSYS under Windows, so one can launch ANSYS more easily without the ANSYS launcher." }, + { + "title": "Wire Bond Temperature Sensor", + "author": "Shivesh Suman, Michael Gaitan, Yogendra Joshi, George Harman", + "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/IMAPS_Shivesh.PDF", + "description": "\"This work reports the first demonstration of a bond pad test structure with embedded thermopile sensors for the measurement of the transient temperature response during the wire bonding operation. This paper will present the design and operation of the bond pad test structure and show and discuss temperature measurements during the wire bonding operation.\"\n[ANSYS Thermal, version unknown]" + }, { "title": "Workbench XML Material Format", "author": "ANSYS, Inc.", @@ -1625,38 +2027,33 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/acton20080825-condition_number.pdf", "description": "\"This article presents an overview of the condition number for a matrix and the potential effect of ill conditioning on the solution of a system of linear equations. The information is intended to be general, although specific information relevant to finite-element analysis is also included. Vector and matrix norms are introduced before defining the condition number, and the choice of matrix norm in the calculation of the condition number is discussed. A method of estimating the condition number is also provided, including a sample implementation in the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL).\"" }, - { - "title": "ahieke.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/ahieke.pdf", - "description": "ahieke.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "andersen.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/andersen.pdf", - "description": "andersen.pdf" - }, { "title": "ansys25b.pdf", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/ansys25b.pdf", "description": "ansys25b.pdf" }, { "title": "ansys_news_1995_3.pdf", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/ansys_news_1995_3.pdf", "description": "ansys_news_1995_3.pdf" }, { "title": "ansys_news_1995_4.pdf", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/ansys_news_1995_4.pdf", "description": "ansys_news_1995_4.pdf" }, { "title": "ansys_news_1996_2.pdf", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/ansys_news_1996_2.pdf", "description": "ansys_news_1996_2.pdf" }, { "title": "ansys_news_1996_3.pdf", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/ansys_news_1996_3.pdf", "description": "ansys_news_1996_3.pdf" }, @@ -1668,103 +2065,46 @@ }, { "title": "ansys_solutions_2002_winter.pdf", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/ansys_solutions_2002_winter.pdf", "description": "ansys_solutions_2002_winter.pdf" }, { "title": "ansys_solutions_2003_fall.pdf", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/ansys_solutions_2003_fall.pdf", "description": "ansys_solutions_2003_fall.pdf" }, { "title": "ansys_solutions_2003_spring.pdf", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/ansys_solutions_2003_spring.pdf", "description": "ansys_solutions_2003_spring.pdf" }, { "title": "ansys_solutions_2003_summer.pdf", + "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/ansys_solutions_2003_summer.pdf", "description": "ansys_solutions_2003_summer.pdf" }, - { - "title": "antonova-C2.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/antonova-C2.pdf", - "description": "antonova-C2.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "asyed_ectc2004_corrected.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/asyed_ectc2004_corrected.pdf", - "description": "asyed_ectc2004_corrected.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "barni1.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/barni1.pdf", - "description": "barni1.pdf" - }, { "title": "batch.zip", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/batch.zip", "description": "This is an example of how to drag-and-drop a .db file onto a DOS batch file to initiate an analysis. \n\n Unzip the file and rename \"Run Nonlinear.txt \"to Run Nonlinear.bat\". Place it on your desktop. \n\n Place \"solve_batch.inp\"in your D: drive or edit \"Run Nonlinear.bat\"to change the location of this APDL input file. \n\n Drag and drop any .db file containing a ready-to-solve nonlinear analysis onto \"Run Nonlinear.bat\". \n\n You will find that the solution will initiate in the same working directory, and you can also track the nonlinear solution graphically as the solution is solving in batch. " }, - { - "title": "benchmark_1.zip", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/benchmark_1.zip", - "description": "benchmark_1.zip" - }, - { - "title": "bericht92.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/bericht92.pdf", - "description": "bericht92.pdf" - }, { "title": "boot.zip", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/boot.zip", "description": "Old model originally created back in ANSYS 6.0. Recently tested and seems to solve fine as-is in ANSYS 12.1, so I expect all versions in-between should run fine, too. Hyperelasticity, self-contact, rigid-deformable contact are present. Animation of same model (with finer mesh) is on the gallery page." }, - { - "title": "bzahn00.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/bzahn00.pdf", - "description": "bzahn00.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "bzahn_ball_via_fatigue_paper.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/bzahn_ball_via_fatigue_paper.pdf", - "description": "bzahn_ball_via_fatigue_paper.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "cj21-wai.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/cj21-wai.pdf", - "description": "cj21-wai.pdf" - }, { "title": "closed_tank.zip", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/closed_tank.zip", "description": "Comparison of FLUID30 (acoustic fluid element) and FLUID80 (contained fluid element) for sloshing in a tank." }, - { - "title": "compressive.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/compressive.pdf", - "description": "compressive.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "conflong_hypHyperelasticity", - "author": "(ANSYS, Inc.)", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/conflong_hyperel.pdf", - "description": "Presentation on the various hyperelastic strain energy functions available in ANSYS (part of the \"Advanced Analysis with ANSYS\" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).erel.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "coolingreview.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/coolingreview.pdf", - "description": "coolingreview.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "cpainter_SPIE.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/cpainter_SPIE.pdf", - "description": "cpainter_SPIE.pdf" - }, { "title": "creating Custom Animations [ZIP]", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -1783,48 +2123,18 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/demotlbr.zip", "description": "\"To use this demonstration of the ANSYS toolbar capabilities extract these files to your working directory. You must then copy the tlbrlist61.ans file from the ANSYS installation docu/english/tlbrlist61.ans to your working directory. Add DEMO.TLB to the bottom of the file. Run ANSYS and then move the split bar at the bottom up to show the bottom pane where the demo toolbar is embedded.\"\n Example showing how to customize the ANSYS 6.1 Toolbar." }, - { - "title": "diemold2001.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/diemold2001.pdf", - "description": "diemold2001.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "disrpap.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/disrpap.pdf", - "description": "disrpap.pdf" - }, { "title": "elastdata_Unix.zip", "author": "Hursha Narayan (Robert Bosch Corporation)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/elastdata_Unix.zip", "description": "Macro for a fully automated procedure for calculating M-R coefficients from Test Data\n\"I have developed a macro that fully automates the importing of elastomer test data into ANSYS and calculate the Mooney-Rivlin coefficients. The macro uses Lagrange interpolation technique to calculate the stress data at equal intervals of strain. This can then be read into an array in ANSYS to evaluate the M-R coeffs. I'm sending you Windows and Unix version of the macro. The difference between the two versions are in the awk and script files that I use to manipulate data. The user needs to go through all the files just to change the directories where the files will be located and accessed. The files reformat(Unix) and reformat.csh(windows) should have rwx permissions. The reformat.csh used in windows can be converted to a batch file. Awk utility should be available under windows. The procedure expects Simple Tension, Planar Tension and Biaxial Extension data to be available.\"" }, - { - "title": "erfurt02new_detector-reprint.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/erfurt02new_detector-reprint.pdf", - "description": "erfurt02new_detector-reprint.pdf" - }, { "title": "expansion.pdf", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/expansion.pdf", "description": "This is a description of an ANSYS Workbench 13.0 project and the use of the HSFLD242 (hydrostatic fluid) element. It is a fictitious model of the expansion of a tire and subsequent displacement-loading to a rigid surface (e.g., ground)." }, - { - "title": "fiber_concrete.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/fiber_concrete.pdf", - "description": "fiber_concrete.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "fsi-ansys.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/fsi-ansys.pdf", - "description": "fsi-ansys.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "groothuis.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/groothuis.pdf", - "description": "groothuis.pdf" - }, { "title": "grph2svg.zip", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -1843,21 +2153,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/harmonic_cms.zip", "description": "Simple beam example showing procedure for using CMS (component mode synthesis). Same results for the full model (no CMS) and the CMS model." }, - { - "title": "hyper_elasticcity_curvefitting.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/hyper_elasticcity_curvefitting.pdf", - "description": "hyper_elasticcity_curvefitting.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "ibmrd3705C.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/ibmrd3705C.pdf", - "description": "ibmrd3705C.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "ibmrd3705E.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/ibmrd3705E.pdf", - "description": "ibmrd3705E.pdf" - }, { "title": "icpkg.zip", "author": "Steve Groothuis (Micron Technology, Inc.)", @@ -1882,151 +2177,36 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/instantaneous_secant_TCE.zip", "description": "Macro to convert instantaneous thermal coefficients of expansion to secant values, with example input file. (This is a zipped file)" }, - { - "title": "jhs.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/jhs.pdf", - "description": "jhs.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "jm0323.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/jm0323.pdf", - "description": "jm0323.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "kyshen.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/kyshen.pdf", - "description": "kyshen.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "large_area_heinemann.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/large_area_heinemann.pdf", - "description": "large_area_heinemann.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "lau.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/lau.pdf", - "description": "lau.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "limit_load.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/limit_load.pdf", - "description": "limit_load.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "marval_inzen_mech2007.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/marval_inzen_mech2007.pdf", - "description": "marval_inzen_mech2007.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "mat2001_I1.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/mat2001_I1.pdf", - "description": "mat2001_I1.pdf" - }, { "title": "matlab.zip", "author": "Rick Morgans (Adelaide University)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/matlab.zip", "description": "\"On this subject, I've been meaning to post these for ages -> we've been using these macros to transfer variables between ansys and matlab for yonks. They write and read variables from ansys and matlab -> you can check them out to see how they do it (i.e. I cant remember off of the top of my head) -> I think they write out a format header then write the rest of the variable as a single column.\n\nvarread.m\nread variable into matlab\n\nvarread.mac\nread variable into ansys\n\nvarreadc.m\nread 2 column ansys variable into matlab as a complex variable\n\nvarreadcp.m\nread \"packed\"2 column variable into matlab as complex variable\n\nvarreadp.m\nread \"packed\"variable into matlab\n\nvarreadp.mac\nread \"packed\"variable into ansys\n\nvarwrite.m\nwrite a variable from matlab\n\nvarwrite.mac\nwrite a variable from ansys\n\nvarwritep.mac\nwrite a variable from ansys in \"packed\"format using a vmask\"" }, - { - "title": "mems-thermal-analogy-fsi-damping.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/mems-thermal-analogy-fsi-damping.pdf", - "description": "mems-thermal-analogy-fsi-damping.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "mems_1_of_3.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/mems_1_of_3.pdf", - "description": "mems_1_of_3.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "mems_2_of_3.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/mems_2_of_3.pdf", - "description": "mems_2_of_3.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "mems_3_of_3.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/mems_3_of_3.pdf", - "description": "mems_3_of_3.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "memsissue1.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/memsissue1.pdf", - "description": "memsissue1.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "memsissue2.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/memsissue2.pdf", - "description": "memsissue2.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "memsissue3.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/memsissue3.pdf", - "description": "memsissue3.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "memsissue4.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/memsissue4.pdf", - "description": "memsissue4.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "micro3.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/micro3.pdf", - "description": "micro3.pdf" - }, { "title": "muffler.zip", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/muffler.zip", "description": "This memo provides basic instruction on performing acoustic analyses in Workbench Mechanical 14.0. An example of calculation of transmission loss in a muffler is demonstrated." }, - { - "title": "mutamba2.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/mutamba2.pdf", - "description": "mutamba2.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "mw2000_1031.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/mw2000_1031.pdf", - "description": "mw2000_1031.pdf" - }, { "title": "nonlinear_problems_of_steel_civil_structures.pdf", "author": "Milan Vasek", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/nonlinear_problems_of_steel_civil_structures.pdf", "description": "\"The civil engineering structures are today designed with respect to the limit state of serviceability and limit states of the strength and stability. The design of more efficient and light structures leads to the nonlinear analysis of deflections and stresses. Some parts of structure could reach the yield point under the design load. Some parts of structure could lose their local stability. These complex problems of a different nature are possible to solve by FEM methods.\"" }, - { - "title": "numib695.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/numib695.pdf", - "description": "numib695.pdf" - }, { "title": "penny3d.zip", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/penny3d.zip", "description": "Simple example using ANSYS Workbench 12.0 to show one way to generate a penny-shaped crack (3D crack) for fracture mechanics (using CINT command to evaluate J-integral and stress intensity factors)." }, - { - "title": "popelar1.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/popelar1.pdf", - "description": "popelar1.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "popelar3.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/8/popelar3.pdf", - "description": "popelar3.pdf" - }, { "title": "prony.zip", "author": "John Thompson (ANSYS, Inc.)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/prony.zip", "description": "Macro to do curve-fitting for TB,PRONY constants for given relaxation data.\n[STI: Note that, at 8.0 and above, curve-fitting of TB,PRONY is directly available in ANSYS with the TBFT command.]" }, - { - "title": "rbcm22.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/rbcm22.pdf", - "description": "rbcm22.pdf" - }, { "title": "roller.zip", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -2039,26 +2219,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/siysdcap.zip", "description": "Tip on visualizing the Drucker-Prager Cap model yield surface." }, - { - "title": "skinner_thesis.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/skinner_thesis.pdf", - "description": "skinner_thesis.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "spice1.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/4/spice1.pdf", - "description": "spice1.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "spice2.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/5/spice2.pdf", - "description": "spice2.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "spie98.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/spie98.pdf", - "description": "spie98.pdf" - }, { "title": "sprs_mprs.zip", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -2071,31 +2231,6 @@ "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/2/substr-fullpost.zip", "description": "Fictitious model used to demonstrate substructuring. SETRAN and SESYMM are used to translate and reflect a superelement. RSPLIT and RSTOFF are also used, and postprocessing of the entire model (superelements and non-superelements) is shown." }, - { - "title": "t2107.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/t2107.pdf", - "description": "t2107.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "tan_wei_200804_phd.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/tan_wei_200804_phd.pdf", - "description": "tan_wei_200804_phd.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "tms95.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/tms95.pdf", - "description": "tms95.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "transducers-paper_3.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/1/transducers-paper_3.pdf", - "description": "transducers-paper_3.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "ultrasonic2000.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/3/ultrasonic2000.pdf", - "description": "ultrasonic2000.pdf" - }, { "title": "user01.zip", "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)", @@ -2113,15 +2248,5 @@ "author": "Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)", "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/7/week25-ETABLE.pdf", "description": "Short description on the usage and features of element tables in ANSYS." - }, - { - "title": "ws_jss2002.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/6/ws_jss2002.pdf", - "description": "ws_jss2002.pdf" - }, - { - "title": "zej-2012-anand-2.pdf", - "url": "https://github.com/affinitylinks/ansys.net/blob/main/0/zej-2012-anand-2.pdf", - "description": "zej-2012-anand-2.pdf" } ] diff --git a/dist/feed/feed.xml b/dist/feed/feed.xml index d3ccf99..08a825e 100644 --- a/dist/feed/feed.xml +++ b/dist/feed/feed.xml @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ - 2021-09-15T16:17:36Z + 2021-09-16T03:22:43Z https://ansys.netlify.app/ diff --git a/dist/index.html b/dist/index.html index 5901585..735bb97 100644 --- a/dist/index.html +++ b/dist/index.html @@ -88,35 +88,35 @@

        Resources -10.pdf +180 Series Elements: Why Should One Use Them in Linear Analysis -

        +

        (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -10.pdf +Presentation on 18x elements (continuum, beam, shell) and its features related to both linear and nonlinear analyses.

      • -13_4.pdf +22x Coupled-Field Elements [PDF] -

        +

        Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

        -13_4.pdf +"The 22x direct coupled-field elements (PLANE223, SOLID226-227) provide a wide array of material behavior for multiphysics applications - these include piezoelectricity, piezoresistivity, thermoelasticity, and thermoelectricity. This memo hopes to introduce some of the pertinent features of these elements."
      • -180 Series Elements: Why Should One Use Them in Linear Analysis +3-Dimensional thermal analysis and active cooling of short-length high-power fiber lasers -

        (ANSYS, Inc.)

        +

        L. Li, H. Li, T. Qiu, V. L. Temyanko, M. M. Morrell, and A. Schülzgen

        -Presentation on 18x elements (continuum, beam, shell) and its features related to both linear and nonlinear analyses. +A fully 3-dimensional finite element model has been developed that simulates the internal temperature distribution of short-length high-power fiber lasers. We have validated the numerical model by building a short, cladding-pumped, Er-Yb-codoped fiber laser and measuring the core temperature during laser operation. A dual-end-pumped, actively cooled, fiber laser has generated >11 W CW output power at 1535 nm from only 11.9 cm of active fiber. Simulations indicate power-scaling possibilities with improved fiber and cooling designs.
      • -1998imaps_taiwan.pdf +A 3D Dynamical Biomechanical Tongue Model to Study Speech Motor Control -

        +

        Jean-Michel Gérard, Reiner Wilhelms-Tricarico, Pascal Perrier & Yohan Payan

        -1998imaps_taiwan.pdf +"A 3D biomechanical dynamical model of human tongue is presented, that is elaborated in the aim to test hypotheses about speech motor control. Tissue elastic properties are accounted for in Finite Element Modeling (FEM). The FEM mesh was designed in order to facilitate the implementation of muscle arrangement within the tongue. Therefore, its structure was determined on the basis of accurate anatomical data about the tongue. Mechanically, the hypothesis of hyperelasticity was adopted with the Mooney-Rivlin formulation of the strain energy function. Muscles are modeled as general force generators that act on anatomically specified sets of nodes of the FEM structure. The 8 muscles that are known to be largely involved in the production of basic speech movements are modeled. The model and the solving of the Lagrangian equations of movement are implemented using the ANSYS™ software. Simulations of the influence of muscle activations onto the tongue shape are presented and analyzed."
      --> @@ -231,11 +231,19 @@

      Miscellaneous -ans-history.txt +Shaping Optimization of Turbine Disk and Bearing Seal -

      ansys.net

      +

      Shen-Yeh Chen

      -ANS-history.txt +Example of use of in-house optimization code with ANSYS to produce optimization of structures without parametric geometric information. + +

    • + +Unofficial History of ANSYS + +

      Shen-Yeh Chen (Honeywell)

      + +This is an unofficial history of Dr. Swanson and ANSYS.
    • @@ -253,24 +261,6 @@

      Miscellaneous - -circle.grn - -

      John Crawford (Honeywell)

      - -A UIDL function (granule file) to create circles by picking. To change the menu put the following in a menu granule: -:! -:N Men_CIRC -:S 0, 0, 0 -:T Menu -:A Circles -:D Circles -Fnc_CIRCLEWP -Fnc_CIRCLEKP -:E END -:! -

    -->
    diff --git a/dist/miscellaneous/0/index.html b/dist/miscellaneous/0/index.html index cb15b4a..fa8d060 100644 --- a/dist/miscellaneous/0/index.html +++ b/dist/miscellaneous/0/index.html @@ -88,9 +88,13 @@

    Miscellaneous

    Matthew Pausley (Nuvotronics, Inc.)

    This is an XML file that can be used in Workbench Mechanical to provide 12 common views aligned with the coordinate axes. The naming convention is "Up-Axis + Axis of viewing", i.e. "Z+X" means "Z axis is up, looking in the direction of positive X". To import this XML file into Workbench Mechanical, go to "View menu > Windows > Manage Views", then click on the "Import..." icon in the Manage Views panel to import this XML file.

  • -

    ans-history.txt

    -

    ansys.net

    -

    ANS-history.txt

    +

    Shaping Optimization of Turbine Disk and Bearing Seal

    +

    Shen-Yeh Chen

    +

    Example of use of in-house optimization code with ANSYS to produce optimization of structures without parametric geometric information.

    +
  • +

    Unofficial History of ANSYS

    +

    Shen-Yeh Chen (Honeywell)

    +

    This is an unofficial history of Dr. Swanson and ANSYS.

  • apdl.syn

    Bob Weathers (Trane)

    @@ -142,10 +146,6 @@

    Miscellaneous

    Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

    Example of use of Tcl/Tk to bring up custom dialog box to import parasolid files. This could be used in an input file to automatically prompt the user to import a particular parasolid file through a dialog box. It can be easily extended to include any Connection Kit product (ACIS/SAT, Pro/E, UG, CATIA, etc.).

  • -

    Shaping Optimization of Turbine Disk and Bearing Seal

    -

    Shen-Yeh Chen

    -

    Example of use of in-house optimization code with ANSYS to produce optimization of structures without parametric geometric information.

    -

  • inventor.vbs

    Robert SeCaur (ANSYS, Inc.)

    In Workbench Design Simulation 8.0, Named Selections can be imported from certain CAD systems. For Inventor, this .vbs file will aid in exporting a group as a Named Selection.

    diff --git a/dist/resources/0/index.html b/dist/resources/0/index.html index 8ed67ec..f398cb4 100644 --- a/dist/resources/0/index.html +++ b/dist/resources/0/index.html @@ -97,78 +97,18 @@

    Resources

    (PADT)

    This is a handy sheet with *GET and *VGET items. A user can print this out as a reference sheet when writing APDL macros.

  • -

    10.pdf

    -

    -

    10.pdf

    -
  • -

    13_4.pdf

    -

    -

    13_4.pdf

    -

  • 180 Series Elements: Why Should One Use Them in Linear Analysis

    (ANSYS, Inc.)

    Presentation on 18x elements (continuum, beam, shell) and its features related to both linear and nonlinear analyses.

  • -

    1998imaps_taiwan.pdf

    -

    -

    1998imaps_taiwan.pdf

    -
  • -

    1_4_4.pdf

    -

    -

    1_4_4.pdf

    -
  • -

    20010202.pdf

    -

    -

    20010202.pdf

    -
  • -

    200711956.pdf

    -

    -

    200711956.pdf

    -
  • -

    2012-optimum_csp_underfill.pdf

    -

    -

    2012-optimum_csp_underfill.pdf

    -

  • 22x Coupled-Field Elements [PDF]

    Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

    "The 22x direct coupled-field elements (PLANE223, SOLID226-227) provide a wide array of material behavior for multiphysics applications - these include piezoelectricity, piezoresistivity, thermoelasticity, and thermoelectricity. This memo hopes to introduce some of the pertinent features of these elements."

  • -

    25.pdf

    -

    -

    25.pdf

    -

  • 3-Dimensional thermal analysis and active cooling of short-length high-power fiber lasers

    -

    +

    L. Li, H. Li, T. Qiu, V. L. Temyanko, M. M. Morrell, and A. Schülzgen

    A fully 3-dimensional finite element model has been developed that simulates the internal temperature distribution of short-length high-power fiber lasers. We have validated the numerical model by building a short, cladding-pumped, Er-Yb-codoped fiber laser and measuring the core temperature during laser operation. A dual-end-pumped, actively cooled, fiber laser has generated >11 W CW output power at 1535 nm from only 11.9 cm of active fiber. Simulations indicate power-scaling possibilities with improved fiber and cooling designs.

  • -

    3964aeng.pdf

    -

    -

    3964aeng.pdf

    -
  • -

    51ectc_outstanding_poster.pdf

    -

    -

    51ectc_outstanding_poster.pdf

    -
  • -

    587.pdf

    -

    -

    587.pdf

    -
  • -

    5B1.pdf

    -

    -

    5B1.pdf

    -
  • -

    772.pdf

    -

    -

    772.pdf

    -
  • -

    9601-010.pdf

    -

    -

    9601-010.pdf

    -
  • -

    98-102.pdf

    -

    -

    98-102.pdf

    -

  • A 3D Dynamical Biomechanical Tongue Model to Study Speech Motor Control

    Jean-Michel Gérard, Reiner Wilhelms-Tricarico, Pascal Perrier & Yohan Payan

    "A 3D biomechanical dynamical model of human tongue is presented, that is elaborated in the aim to test hypotheses about speech motor control. Tissue elastic properties are accounted for in Finite Element Modeling (FEM). The FEM mesh was designed in order to facilitate the implementation of muscle arrangement within the tongue. Therefore, its structure was determined on the basis of accurate anatomical data about the tongue. Mechanically, the hypothesis of hyperelasticity was adopted with the Mooney-Rivlin formulation of the strain energy function. Muscles are modeled as general force generators that act on anatomically specified sets of nodes of the FEM structure. The 8 muscles that are known to be largely involved in the production of basic speech movements are modeled. The model and the solving of the Lagrangian equations of movement are implemented using the ANSYS™ software. Simulations of the influence of muscle activations onto the tongue shape are presented and analyzed."

    @@ -178,6 +118,10 @@

    Resources

    "We report on the development of a 64-pixel high performance linear thermopile array chip designed for vacuum environment based on a silicon nitride membrane as substrate, Bi0.87Sb0.13/Sb as thermoelectric materials combination and an Ag-black broadband absorber layer. The array chip was mounted on a ceramic substrate and placed on the socket of a commercial hybrid package with 64 pins. Measurements of the linear array chip in vacuum environment and in absence of an entrance filter delivered a responsivity of 245 V/W, a sensitivity of 166 µVm˛/W, a specific detectivity of 1.6x109 cmHz1/2/W at an electrical resistance of 9 k and a thermal time constant of 150 ms. The pixelto- pixel cross-talk was reduced to less than 0.4 % due to slits in the membrane between adjacent pixels made by dry etching."
    [ANSYS Thermal, version unknown]

  • +

    A Compilation of Anand Parameters for Selected SnPb and Pb-free Solder Alloys

    +

    Zane Johnson (University of Minnesota)

    +

    "Finite-element (FE) simulation is widely used in electronic packaging. It is particularly useful in the design of solder joint attachments. To ensure fidelity, FE simulation must capture the highly nonlinear behavior of solder. One useful material model for solder is Anand’s viscoplastic model. A compilation of Anand parameters reported in the literature for a variety of solder alloys is provided."

    +

  • A DOS-Enhanced Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Through an Array of Offset Fins with Conjugate Heating in the Bounding Solid

    E.M. Sparrow, J.P. Abraham, P.W. Chevalier

    "The method of Design of Simulation (DOS) was used to guide and enhance a numerical simulation of fluid flow and heat transfer through offset-fin arrays which form the interior geometry of a cold plate. The basic problem involved 11 independent parameters. This prohibitive parametric burden was lessened by the creative use of nondimensionalization that was brought to fruition by a special transformation of the boundary conditions. Subsequent to the reduction of the number of parameters, the DOS method was employed to limit the number of simulation runs while maintaining an accurate representation of the parameter space. The DOS method also provided excellent correlations of both the dimensionless heat transfer and pressure drop results. The results were evaluated with respect to the Colburn Analogy for heat and momentum transfer. It was found that the offseting of the fins created a larger increase in the friction factor than that which was realized for the dimensionless heat transfer coefficient."

    @@ -188,15 +132,54 @@

    Resources

    H. G. Willschuetz, E. Altstadt, F. P. Weiss, B. R. Sehgal

    "An axis-symmetric Finite Element (FE) model is developed based on the multi-purpose code ANSYS/Multiphysics. Using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) module the temperature field within the melt pool and within the vessel wall is evaluated. The transient structural mechanical calculations are then performed applying a creep model which takes into account large temperature, stress and strain variations." (Document 2)

  • +

    A High-Performance Tunneling Accelerometer

    +

    Edward Boyden, Osamah El Rifai, Brian Hubert, Maurice Karpman, Dave Roberts

    +

    Design of a MEMS tunneling accelerometer. Uses ANSYS for part of the design verification. In Acrobat, search for occurences of "ANSYS" in the PDF file.

    +
  • +

    A Highly-sensitive fiber bragg grating transverse strain sensor using micro-structure fibers

    +

    Charles M. Jewart

    +

    A Highly-sensitive fiber bragg grating transverse strain sensor using micro-structure fibers

    +
  • +

    A Microchip-Based PCR Device Using Flexible Printed Circuit Technology

    +

    Keyue Shen, Xiaofang Chen, Min Guo, Jing Cheng

    +

    "Rapid heat transfer is crucial for an efficient polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and this makes temperature control one of the most essential features in a micro-PCR system, which always includes a heater and a sensor composing a closed-loop. Yet, the fabrication of the heater and the sensor often prevented micro-PCR systems from achieving both cost-effectiveness and fabrication-easiness. For most of the early researches micromachining techniques were used to allow sensors and heaters be integrated on a silicon or glass chip. However, the cost prevented them from wide applications. The work described in this paper is part of our effort to solve the cost/fabrication dilemma. An innovative digital temperature control system was developed by introducing a heater/sensor switching procedure. Only one temperature controlling element fabricated by flexible printed circuit technology was utilized in the constructed PCR device with minimum fabrication steps. The glass chip-based device was made from low cost materials and assembled with adhesive bonding. Through seemingly simple steps, we obtained both disposability and portability at the same time. Temperature stability within ±0.3 ?C and a transitional rate of 8 ?C/s during heating/cooling was achieved. A 244 bp DNA fragment of hepatitis C virus was successfully amplified in our device by a three-stage thermal cycling process. Further improvement was assisted by finite element analysis, and demonstrated by experiment."
    +[ANSYS Thermal, version 7.0]

    +
  • +

    A New High Resolution Thermal Detector Array

    +

    U. Dillner, R. Riesenberg

    +

    "The performance of the new thermal detector array arrangement is calculated using thermal finite element analysis. The influence of the thermal intra- and inter-subarray cross-talk on the resolution in dependence on some geometrical dimensions of the array is presented."
    +[ANSYS Thermal, version 5.7]

    +
  • +

    A New Type of High Bandwidth RF MEMS Switch - Toggle Switch

    +

    Bernd Schauwecker, Karl M. Strohm, Winfried Simon, Jan Mehner, and Johann-Friedrich Luy

    +

    "A new type of RF MEMS switch for low voltage actuation, high broadband application and high power capability is presented. Mechanical and electromagnetic simulations of this new RF MEMS switch type are shown and the fabrication process and measurement results are given. The switching element consists of a cantilever which is fixed by a suspension spring to the ground of the coplanar line. The closing voltage is 16V. The switches exhibit low insertion loss (<0.85dB@30GHz) with good isolation (>22dB@30GHz). I."

    +

  • A Non-Linear Domain Decomposition Method

    Iakov Mordukhovich Klebanov, Andrei Nikolaevich Davydov

    "A new domain decomposition technique for parallelization of physically non-linear problems in solid mechanics is developed. It is extended for any stress-strain diagrams. The approach is based on the approximating generalized models of subdomains that leads to a considerably fewer number of iterations requiring updating of substructure parameters. The analytical proof of the convergence of the theoretical iterative procedure and the demonstration of convergence of its numerical implementation with the help of ANSYS are presented."

  • +

    A Novel Micromachined 2x128-Element Linear Themoelectric Infrared Radiation Sensor Array

    +

    Jurgen Muller, Volker Baier, Ulrich Dillner, Rudolf Guttich, Ernst Kessler

    +

    "As a component for infrared spectrometric analytical instruments a 2x128-element thin-film thermopile linear array sensor with a staggered pixel arrangement was constructed. Contrary to most of the known 1-dimensional and 2-dimensional thermoelectric infrared sensor arrays working all on the base of doped polysilicon, we use the material group Bi-Sb-Te to obtain highest values of thermoelectric efficiency and specific detectivity to realize an optimum of spectral wavelength resolution."[ANSYS Thermal, version unknown]

    +
  • +

    A Parametric Study of Flip Chip Reliability Based on Solder Fatigue Modelling

    +

    Scott Popelar

    +

    "The solder fatigue model has been utilized to investigate the reliability of flip chip joints subjected to thermal cycling. In particular, a parametric study had been performed which shows how various flip chip design parameters will affect solder joint fatigue. Finite element models have been developed to analyze the effect of die size, die thickness, solder joint height, cap diameter and underfill properties on solder fatigue." (This is Part I of the study. Part II of this paper is available here.)

    +

  • A SMA Actuated Artificial Earthworm

    A. Menciassi, S. Gorini, G. Pernorio, P. Dario

    "This paper presents the design and development of a microrobot which aims to replicate the locomotion principle of earthworms. The undulatory locomotion of living earthworms has been investigated deeply from the biological point of view, but attempts of replication of earthworm models in real size are limited. The authors designed an artificial earthworm with four modules which can be driven independently according to defined undulatory patterns with a typical frequency of 0.5 Hz. Each module is actuated by one or more SMA springs whose configuration has been designed in order to limit the wiring problems and optimizing working frequency. The robot is covered by a shaped silicone material which can be used as a platform to insert tiny legs for obtaining differential friction conditions. Preliminary tests demonstrate that the earthworm prototypes can move with a speed of 0.22 mm/s, thus approximating the behavior of biological earthworms. earthworms. Hopefully, the artificial moving earthworm will constitute a platform for improving the knowledge of mechanisms regulating motion and perception abilities of these creatures."
    Model in paper does not use TB,SMA constitutive model.

  • +

    A Software Package Linking PE2D and ANSYS for SSC Magnet Design

    +

    Nick Kallas, Chris Haddock, Jay Jayakumar, David Orrell, Greg Snitchler, Giancarlo Spigo, Jon Turner

    +

    "The design of the Cold Mass(CM) of superconducting magnets at the Magnet Systems Division(MSD) of the Superconducting Super Collider Laboratory(SSCL) involves among others the optimization of field quality and structural performance as related to the quench behavior of the magnets. It is desirable to be able to study the changes in field quality due to dimensional changes of the cold mass components under stress as the magnet is cooled and energized. This document describes a software package of functions which enable the computer aided study of this aspect of cold mass design."
    +[ANSYS Structural, version 4.4a]

    +
  • +

    A Stress-Induced Thermal Actuator for Optical Purpose

    +

    Gang Liu, Sebaek Oh

    +

    "We present a micromachined, stress-induced, thermal bimorph actuator for optical purpose. Piston motions of more than 3um are demonstrated by FEM simulation. Upon the release from the substrate, the actuators lift off the substrate due to a large built-in bending moment arising from the compressive residual stress in the poly-silicon layer and tensile residual stress in the metal layer. Large displacement and low operating voltage (<2V) are obtained simultaneously."

    +

  • A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Stress Distribution in a Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque: In-Vivo Prediction of Plaque Rupture Location

    Jacques Ohayon, Gérard Finet, François Treyve, Gilles Rioufol and Olivier Dubreuil

    "This paper aims at predicting the plaque rupture location of one patient with stable angina and scheduled to undergo percutaneous coronary intervention. The peak circumferential stress (PCS) is considered as the determining biomechanical factor in the mechanisms leading to rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque and is often used as a predictor of atherosclerotic plaque rupture location. Up to now, to define the site of PCS concentrations, twodimensional (2D) finite element (FE) analyses were performed on the smallest luminal cross-sectional area of the coronary plaque. In-vivo three-dimensional (3D) FE modeling of atherosclerotic coronaries may be very valuable and more accurate than the 2D FE analysis in helping cardiologists evaluate the risk of spontaneous plaque rupture in a patient. In this work, the performances of the 2D and 3D FE approaches have been compared and the limits of the 2D structural analysis has been pointed out."
    @@ -215,10 +198,29 @@

    Resources

    Discussion of ANSYS solvers, focusing on the sparse direct solver and PCG iterative solver.
    Originally presented at the 2002 Conference.

  • +

    ANSYS Material Modeling: Hyperelastic Material Characterization

    +

    (ANSYS, Inc.)

    +

    Overview of the hyperelastic curve-fitting capabilities introduced in ANSYS 7.0.

    +

  • ANSYS Mechanical - A Powerful Nonlinear Simulation Tool

    Grama Bhashyam (ANSYS, Inc.)

    A whitepaper describing various ANSYS features in the area of nonlinear mechanics, including element formulation, constitutive models, and contact technology.

  • +

    ANSYS Multiphysics Capabilities for MEMS Modeling and Simulation - Part 1 of 3

    +

    Jan Mehner, Juergen Wibbeler

    +

    Part 1 of 3: Analyzing electrostatic-structural interactions in Micro Electro Mechanical Systems
    +ANSYS Solutions Vol. 3, Number 2

    +
  • +

    ANSYS Multiphysics Capabilities for MEMS Modeling and Simulation - Part 2 of 3

    +

    Jan Mehner, Juergen Wibbeler

    +

    Part 2 of 3: Analyzing fluid-structural interactions
    +ANSYS Solutions Vol. 3, Number 3

    +
  • +

    ANSYS Multiphysics Capabilities for MEMS Modeling and Simulation - Part 3 of 3

    +

    Jan Mehner, Juergen Wibbeler, Fouad Bennini

    +

    Part 3 of 3: Exporting macromodels for circuit and system simulation tools.
    +ANSYS Solutions Vol. 3, Number 4

    +

  • ANSYS PDS article in Machine Design [PDF]

    Stefan Reh

    While this may not be a conventional technical paper, it presents information on ANSYS PDS (Probabilistic Design System), a beta feature in 5.6 and officially released in 5.7. Instead of a deterministic approach, a stochastic method provides better product reliability measures

    @@ -231,14 +233,14 @@

    Resources

    (ANSYS, Inc.)

    First Issue of ANSYS News

  • +

    ANSYS-Structural Design of Micromachined Fabry-Pérot Filters for WDM Applications

    +

    K. Mutamba, J. Pfeiffer, J. Peerlings, R. Riemenschneider and N. Dragojevic

    +

    "Due to the recent progress in the fabrication of micro-optical devices and the maturity reached in the integration of electromechanical functions on various semiconductor micro-devices, new concepts for optical microelectromechanical systems (OMEMS) have emerged... Analyses have been carried out with the ANSYS FEM (Finite Elements Method) Program for two types of electrostatically actuated Fabry-Pérot filters."

    +

  • ANSYS_Function_Builder.pdf

    Achuth Rao (ANSYS, Inc.)

    When using the ANSYS Function Editor and Function Loader to define Function Boundary Conditions, a special type of table is used. This document outlines the syntax of the function loading table.

  • -

    ANSYS_University_Support_Program.pdf

    -

    -

    ANSYS_University_Support_Program.pdf

    -

  • ANSYS_distributed_tutorial_8.1.zip

    (ANSYS, Inc.)

    This is a document for ANSYS 8.1 distributed solvers and how to set them up, specifically for Windows and Linux.

    @@ -249,19 +251,23 @@

    Resources

    There are currently no recognized ‘standards’ of writing APDL macros or input files, although there may exist standards within companies on APDL coding. The lack of APDL coding standards may make inheriting someone else’s input files or macros more difficult. Also, parameter or component conflicts may also arise when using multiple macros.
    This memo hopes to provide some ideas for groups or individuals wishing to develop APDL standards in writing macros or input files."

  • +

    APDL Implementation of a 3D FEM Capacitance Simulator for Arbitrarily Shaped Interconnects [PDF]

    +

    Andreas Hieke

    +

    Alternative download link here
    +An alternate CMATRIX macro created by A. Hieke called CAMACO.

    +

  • APDL and Vector Operations [ZIP]

    Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

    "Vector and matrix operations in APDL are an invaluable method of manipulating array data, as they provide very fast, computationally efficient means of helping the user perform pre- or post-processing operations on the model.
    There are many ways of storing data, ranging from arrays to tables to strings. Moreover, manipulation of numerical data can be in the form of vectors or matrices via the *Vxxx and *Mxxx commands, respectively. The user is referred to the APDL Programmer’s Guide in the ANSYS online help for a thorough discussion of the capabilities of APDL, but, in this memo, a basic introduction to vector operations will be covered."

  • -

    Acoustic Elements [ZIP]

    -

    Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

    -

    "For many years, ANSYS has 2D and 3D acoustic elements, including those used to model an “infinite” boundary. These elements can be used in modal, harmonic, and transient analyses, and fluid-structural interaction can also be accounted for in these simulations.

    -

    This memo hopes to review the following topics related to harmonic acoustic analyses: basic comparison of structural and acoustic elements, modeling complex impedance boundary conditions, and defining complex pressure loading. A set of input files, which analyze the case of a simple radiating sphere, is included with this memo."

    +

    ATLAS TRT Barrel Electronics Cooling: Duke mockup measurements and FEA calculations

    +

    W. Ebenstein, J. Fowler, S. Oh, V. Vassilakopoulos, and C. Wang

    +

    "This report summarizes measurements and calculations using the most recently proposed cooling scheme. Heat generated by the ASDBLR and DTMROC stamp boards is conducted to an aluminum plate sandwiched between the upper and lower stamp boards (hereafter referred to as the 'middle cooling plate'). The heat is then carried up through a vertical aluminum post, and finally to a large aluminum plate above all of the upper stamp boards (the 'upper cooling plate'), to which cooling tubes are attached."

  • -

    Acoustic Postprocessing [ZIP]

    -

    Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

    -

    "Acoustic analyses in ANSYS provides insight to the propagation of sound, and both visual and aural postprocessing can aid in this objective. This memo hopes to cover postprocessing methods for acoustic problems other than standard contour and XY plots."

    +

    Accumulated Creep Strain and Energy Density Based Thermal Fatigue Life Prediction Models for SnAgCu Solder Joints

    +

    Ahmer Syed

    +

    "This paper describes in detail the life prediction models for SnAgCu solder joints. The models are based on published constitutive equations for this alloy and thermal cycle fatigue data on actual components. The approach uses advance finite element modeling and analysis techniques and is based on mechanics of deformation. Both accumulated creep strain and creep strain energy density based models are developed. The model has been correlated with a number of data points and predicts life within 25% in most cases. The framework of modeling and prediction methodology described here is fully compatible with the framework used for SnPb solder previously."

    • +

      Acoustic Elements [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "For many years, ANSYS has 2D and 3D acoustic elements, including those used to model an “infinite” boundary. These elements can be used in modal, harmonic, and transient analyses, and fluid-structural interaction can also be accounted for in these simulations.

      +

      This memo hopes to review the following topics related to harmonic acoustic analyses: basic comparison of structural and acoustic elements, modeling complex impedance boundary conditions, and defining complex pressure loading. A set of input files, which analyze the case of a simple radiating sphere, is included with this memo."

      +
    • +

      Acoustic Postprocessing [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "Acoustic analyses in ANSYS provides insight to the propagation of sound, and both visual and aural postprocessing can aid in this objective. This memo hopes to cover postprocessing methods for acoustic problems other than standard contour and XY plots."

      +
    • +

      Advanced Analysis Of Structural Reliability Using Commercial FE-Codes

      +

      Christian Bucher, Dagmar Hintze, and Dirk Roos

      +

      "The paper focuses on two main issues, i.e. (a) The application of existing code for probabilistic analysis together with existing Finite Element Code for advanced Monte Carlo analysis (b) Presentation of a local-global approximation strategy for the response surface method. This so-called "weighted radii" approximation appears to provide the flexibility and accuracy needed for the reliability analysis of complex structures." (Probabilistics)

      +
    • +

      Advanced Mask Modeling Accuracy and Stability Study-University of Wisconsin Mask Modeling

      +

      R. Scott Mackay

      +

      "As lithography error budgets on pattern placement become more stringent for sub-130 nm technology, it is imperative that all mask-related distortions be quantified, controlled, and minimized. It will be essential to identify the influence of thin film stress on pattern placement errors. In this research, the effect of mask material properties, manufacturing, and usage on image placement will be evaluated. Finite element (FE) models have been developed to simulate this pattern transfer process, using equivalent modeling techniques. Analytical, experimental, and FE procedures have been combined to accurately determine these effects on final pattern distortions."

      +

    • Advanced Tools for Design and Analyses of High Temperature Cyclic Loaded Turbine Components

      U. Gampe, I. Martynov, J. Keyser

      "The paper presents a new concept to predict viscoplastic deformations in components under thermal mechanical loading. This approach is based both on material data from uniaxial creep tests and additional laboratory component tests to consider the influence of multiaxiality. This concept was used for analysis of feature tests of flat tensile specimens with central hole. The maximum test temperature was 600 °C and the surface of the hole was attacked by cyclic thermal shocks."(This paper refers to use of ANSYS User-Defined Materials. A related paper is Laboratory Component Testing for Investigation of Material Degradation from Creep-Fatigue Interaction.)

      @@ -126,6 +143,10 @@

      Resources

      Jonathan R. Shewchuk

      This paper presents a very well-written explanation of conjugate gradient methods. It is helpful in understanding better the idea behind CG solvers in ANSYS (PCG, JCG, ICCG, AMG, etc.).

    • +

      An Investigation into Vibration in Switched Reluctance Motors

      +

      Pragasen Pillay and William (Wei) Cai

      +

      "Two disadvantages of the switched reluctance motor (SRM) are its torque ripple and acoustic noise. Previous work on vibration modes and resonant frequencies of the laminations of an 8-6 SRM is extended here to include the effects of the frame. Both a smooth frame and a ribbed frame are examined, and the presence of numerous additional vibratory modes in the ribbed frame demonstrated. Accelerometer tests behind a pole verify some of the theoretical predictions."[ANSYS Dynamics, version unspecified]

      +

    • An Object Oriented Approach to Geometry Defeaturing for Finite Element Meshing [PDF]

      Anton V. Mobley, Michael P. Carroll, and Scott A. Canann

      "In this paper, an object-oriented approach to automatic geometry defeaturing is presented. The geometric and finite element data abstractions are given, along with the basic algorithms used."

      @@ -144,6 +165,15 @@

      Resources

      Eberhard Altstadt, Thomas Moessner, Baj Ral Sehgal, Hans-Georg Willschütz

      "An axis-symmetric Finite Element (FE) model is developed based on the multi-purpose code ANSYS/Multiphysics. Using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) module the temperature field within the melt pool and within the vessel wall is evaluated. The transient structural mechanical calculations are then performed applying a creep model which takes into account large temperature, stress and strain variations." (Document 1)

    • +

      Analysis and Modeling of Fiber-Wrapped Columns and Concrete-Filled Tubes

      +

      Mohsen Shahawy, Tom Beitelman, and Amir Mirmiran

      +

      "Carbon-wrapping of concrete column adds to its strength and ductility. The behavior of carbon-wrapped concrete is in general very similar to that of glass-wrapped concrete. The bilinear confinement that was developed- for glass-wrapped concrete can be applied to carbon-wrapped concrete. However, a better fit can be obtained by re-calibrating the model for an entire database that consists of both carbon-wrapped and glass-wrapped concrete. Such database needs to be accompanied by a set of accurate coupon tests on the properties of the jacket. The finite element modeling is also useful in predicting the response of carbon-wrapped concrete. A more accurate estimate of jacket properties make the analysis fit the test results better."

      +
    • +

      Analysis and Simulation of the Ultrasonic/Sonic Driller/Corer(USDC)

      +

      X. Bao, Z. Chang, S. Sherrit, B.P. Dolgin, Y. Bar-Cohen, D.S. Pal, S. Du, T. Peterson

      +

      "An ultrasonic/sonic driller/corer (USDC) was developed to address the challenges to the NASA objective of planetary in-situ rock sampling and analysis. The USDC uses a novel drive mechanism, transferring ultrasonic vibration into impacts on a drill stem at sonic frequency using a free-flying mass block (free-mass). The main parts of the device and the interactions between them were analyzed and numerically modeled to understand the drive mechanism and allow design of effective drilling mechanism. A computer program was developed to simulate the operation of the USDC and successfully predicted the characteristic behavior of the new device. This paper covers the theory, the analytical models and the algorithms that were developed and the predicted results."
      +[ANSYS Piezoelectric, version 5.4]

      +

    • Analysis and Testing of Graphite/Epoxy Concrete Bridge Girders Under Static Loading

      B. M. Kavlicoglu, F. Gordaninejad, M. Saiidi, Y. Jiang

      "An innovative graphite/epoxy-concrete (G/E-C) cross-section was developed and tested under two-point static loading. Finite element analysis and theoretical modeling of the cross-section was performed. The cross-section was a box girder with an outer G/E U-beam and inner G/E box beam with concrete webs and flange in between. Shear connection between G/E box beam and concrete slab was provided by a two-part structural epoxy resin. Additional shear connection was provided by steel stirrups located at 254 mm (10 in.) spacing along longitudinal axis of the test specimen. It was observed that, steel stirrups contributed the load carrying capacity after initiation of slippage between G/E beams and concrete. Moreover, a series of bond strength tests were performed to examine the behavior of structural epoxy resin for connection between G/E and concrete. Six G/E strips were subjected to tensile tests to evaluate the longitudinal and transverse elastic moduli of the laminate. Using the proper material properties and assumptions, it was possible to demonstrate the behavior of the section under static loads theoretically and in finite element analysis."
      @@ -153,28 +183,37 @@

      Resources

      Anil Kurian

      "This paper aims at developing a finite element model of glued laminated girder bridges that can predict accurately the analytical behavior of the bridges. Two models have been developed to study the characteristics of this type of bridge. Two case studies have been considered to validate the accuracy of the models. The first case study is a long span single-lane bridge, the Tuscaloosa Bridge, in Alabama. The second case study is a medium span two-lane bridge, the Cow Gu lch Bridge, in Montana. The models show good correlation with the experimental data and hence, the models can be used to find the maximum deflections in the bridge."Use of ANSYS 5.0 (1992 version)

    • +

      Analytical Simulation of a 1D Single Crystal Silicon Electrostatic Micromirror [PDF]

      +

      H. Camon, F. Larnaudie, F. Rivoirard, B. Jammes

      +

      A torsional micromirror. Use of ANSYS to extract lumped parameters for use in SABER model. (MEMS)

      +

    • Analyzing Hyperelastic Materials w/ Some Practical Considerations

      Paris Altidis and Vince Adams

      Presentation from the Midwest ANSYS User Group
      [ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]

    • +

      Analyzing Microminiature Devices [PDF]

      +

      Steve Groothuis

      +

      (from ANSYS Solutions magazine, volume 1, #1) (MEMS)

      +

    • Anisotropic Plasticity and Failure Prediction in Wood Composites

      David M. Moses, Helmut G.L. Prion

      "Two case studies are summarized using anisotropic plasticity and the Weibull weakest link failure model to predict the behavior of wood and wood composites. The linear elastic orthotropic model normally used for wood is shown to be insufficient for the prediction of ultimate strength in wood. Non-linear, non-recoverable behavior in compression in each of the orthogonal material directions is of particular interest in cases where localized crushing governs the load-displacement behavior of wood."

      "The anisotropic plasticity option in ANSYS was used to predict yielding and post-yield behavior for the wood composite used in this study because yield stresses in orthogonal directions were found to be in the ratio of 1:1.2:5. A user-programmable Fortran subroutine was developed for ANSYS to carry out the failure analysis (and to calculate the volume integration of the stresses) at each load-step in post-processing. The model was verified using two cases: I) the ASTM D143 shear block test, and II) bolted connections."

    • -

      Ansys_PT_EEC.pdf

      -

      -

      Ansys_PT_EEC.pdf

      +

      Application of the Finite Element Method In Cold Forging Processes

      +

      Cristina Maria Oliveira Lima Roque, Sérgio Tonini Button

      +

      "In this study, the application of a commercial general finite element software - ANSYS - has been applied to model a forming operation. Models have been developed to simulate the ring compression test and to simulate a basic forming operation (upsetting) that is applied in most of the cold forging parts sequences." (Plasticity, contact, finite strain)

      +
    • +

      Applying Anand Model to Represent the Viscoplastic Deformation Behavior of Solder Alloys

      +

      G. Z. Wang, Z. N. Cheng, K. Becker, J. Wilde

      +

      "A unified viscoplastic constitutive law, the Anand model, was applied to represent the inelastic deformation behavior for solders used in electronic packaging. The material parameters of the constitutive relations for 62Sn36Pb2Ag, 60Sn40Pb, 96.5Sn3.5Ag, and 97.5Pb2.5Sn solders were determined from separated constitutive relations and experimental results. The achieved unified Anand model for solders were tested for constant strain rate testing, steady-state plastic flow and stress/strain responses under cyclic loading. It is concluded that the Anand model can be applied for representing the inelastic deformation behavior of solders at high homologous temperature and can be recommended for finite element simulation of the stress/strain responses of solder joints in service."
      +[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unknown]

    • BMSweep: Locating Interior Nodes During Sweeping [PDF]

      Matthew L. Staten, Scott A. Canann, and Steve J. Owen

      "BMSweep is a new algorithm to determine the location of interior nodes while volume sweeping."

    • -

      BaBar295.pdf

      -

      -

      BaBar295.pdf

      -

    • Basics of ANSYS Macros [PDF]

      David Haberman (CSI)

      Basics of creating and using macros (APDL) in ANSYS.

      @@ -188,6 +227,10 @@

      Resources

      This is an old document I wrote a while ago on damping which I sometimes use. Although written back at version 5.6, it is still applicable at version 7.0.
      "Damping is required in many dynamic applications, yet because there are many ways to include it, there is often confusion regarding the implementation of damping in ANSYS. This memo hopes to provide a general summary of the representation of damping available in ANSYS."

    • +

      Behavioural modeling for heterogeneous systems based on FEM descriptions

      +

      Joachim Haase, Sven Reitz, Peter Schwarz

      +

      "To simulate more complex systems using Spice-compatible circuit and system simulation programs, behavioural models of the components are required. The focus of the paper is to discuss two possibilities to derive such models from FEM descriptions."

      +

    • Benchmark Tests on ANSYS Parallel Processing Technology

      Kentaro Suzuki

      "ANSYS Inc. has released parallel processing solvers, DDS (Distributed Domain Solver) and AMG (Algebraic Multigrid Solver) in ANSYS version 5.7 in order to meet the requirements from the market."

      @@ -226,49 +269,6 @@

      Resources

      Calculating effective Coefficient of Thermal Expansion [PDF]

      Bill Bulat (CSI)

      Tips on how to define coefficient of thermal expansion and converting that material data to format that ANSYS can use.

      -
    • -

      Cast Iron Plasticity

      -

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Presentation on Cast Iron plasticity model introduced in ANSYS 6.1 (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

      -
    • -

      Chaboche Nonlinear Kinematic Hardening Model [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "The Chaboche nonlinear kinematic hardening model was added in ANSYS 5.6 to complement the existing isotropic and kinematic hardening rules that users relied on. Despite its availability for nearly ten years as of the time of this writing, the Chaboche model has enjoyed limited popularity, in part because of the perceived complexity of calibrating the material parameters. This memo hopes to introduce the basics related to the Chaboche nonlinear kinematic model."
      -(Week 47, week of 05/04/08)

      -
    • -

      Closing the Gaps on Data Interoperability [PDF]

      -

      Don Hemmelgarn

      -

      PowerPoint presentation

      -
    • -

      Clustering Results Around Peaks for Full-Harmonic Analyses in ANSYS

      -

      Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "This article presents a method for obtaining full harmonic solutions clustered around potential peak responses. Full harmonic analyses provide exact solutions, typically calculated at equally spaced intervals over the desired frequency range. Mode-superposition analyses, however, provide approximate solutions, but can be clustered around potential resonant peaks. The hybrid method discussed in this article uses a modal solution to determine natural frequencies, which are then used to calculate clusters of points surrounding those frequencies. Full harmonic solutions can then be performed at these clustered points. Examples and input les are provided in order to utilize this method."

      -
    • -

      Collaborative Virtual Prototyping: A Product Development Imperative [PDF]

      -

      Marc Halpern

      -

      PowerPoint presentation

      -
    • -

      Comparison of FLUID29 and FLUID79 Elements

      -

      Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)

      -

      "Analyses were conducted to verify that similar results could be obtained by using the displacement formulated fluid elements FLUID79 or the pressure formulated fluid elements FLUID29."

      -
    • -

      Comparison of Linear and Non-linear Soft Tissue Models with Post-operative CT Scan in Maxillofacial Surgery

      -

      Matthieu Chabanas, Yohan Payan, Christophe Marecaux, Pascal Swider, and Franck Boutault

      -

      "A Finite Element model of the face soft tissue is proposed to simulate the morphological outcomes of maxillofacial surgery. Three modelling options are implemented: a linear elastic model with small and large deformation hypothesis, and an hyperelastic Mooney-Rivlin model. An evaluation procedure based on a qualitative and quantitative comparison of the simulations with a post-operative CT scan is detailed. It is then applied to one clinical case to evaluate the differences between the three models, and with the actual patient morphology. First results shows in particular that for a “simple” clinical procedure where stress is less than 20%, a linear model seams sufficient for a correct modelling."

      -
    • -

      Comparison of Rectangular and Spherical Models

      -

      Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)

      -

      "The purpose of this investigation was to compare the two modelling techniques for an infinite boundary. The first technique involves setting the elements on the edges of the model to have an absorptive property by changing the material properties so that mu=1. The second technique involves the use of infinite elements (infinite129) that must be placed on a constant radius curvature."

      -
    • -

      Compiling UPFs and Creating Customized ANSYS Executables [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "ANSYS User Programmable Features (UPFs) are quite powerful means of customizing ANSYS beyond the scripting capabilities of the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). Writing one’s own constitutive models or complex loading functions or even creating a user-defined element are possible with UPFs.

      -

      Because some users may find it challenging to get started using UPFs, this memo hopes to discuss general issues related to compiling and linking a customized version of ANSYS for Windows and Linux environments."

      -

      (Week 51, week of 02/08/09)

      -
    • -

      Constellation Pathfinder: A University Nanosatellite

      -

      C.D. Rayburn, H.E. Spence, H.E. Petschek, M. Bellino, J. Vickers, M. Murphy

      -

      "This paper updates the progress of the Constellation Pathfinder Mission (CPM) design. Specifically, preliminary results in areas including satellite design, orbital mechanics, thermal design, structural design, and attitude determination and control are discussed."

    • +

      Calculations on Micromachined Electro-Thermal Sensor Devices

      +

      Bernd Folkmer, Martin Hirt, Michael Vosseler, Hartmut Glosch, Frank Hedrich, Sophie Billat, Walter L

      +

      "In this contribution the experiences gained using ANSYS/Multiphysics software for analysis of micro machined electro-thermal sensor devices are described."

      +
    • +

      Cast Iron Plasticity

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Presentation on Cast Iron plasticity model introduced in ANSYS 6.1 (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

      +
    • +

      Cavity mechanics and vibrations under Lorentz forces excitation

      +

      Danilo Barni

      +

      (Harmonic, modal analyses)

      +
    • +

      Chaboche Nonlinear Kinematic Hardening Model [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "The Chaboche nonlinear kinematic hardening model was added in ANSYS 5.6 to complement the existing isotropic and kinematic hardening rules that users relied on. Despite its availability for nearly ten years as of the time of this writing, the Chaboche model has enjoyed limited popularity, in part because of the perceived complexity of calibrating the material parameters. This memo hopes to introduce the basics related to the Chaboche nonlinear kinematic model."
      +(Week 47, week of 05/04/08)

      +
    • +

      Characterization and Analysis on the Solder Ball Shear Testing Conditions

      +

      Xingjia Huang, S.W. Ricky Lee, Chien Chun Yan, and Sam Hui

      +

      "This paper presents both experimental investigation and computational analysis on the solder ball shear testing conditions for ball grid array (BGA) packages." (Creep, contact)

      +
    • +

      Closing the Gaps on Data Interoperability [PDF]

      +

      Don Hemmelgarn

      +

      PowerPoint presentation

      +
    • +

      Clustering Results Around Peaks for Full-Harmonic Analyses in ANSYS

      +

      Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "This article presents a method for obtaining full harmonic solutions clustered around potential peak responses. Full harmonic analyses provide exact solutions, typically calculated at equally spaced intervals over the desired frequency range. Mode-superposition analyses, however, provide approximate solutions, but can be clustered around potential resonant peaks. The hybrid method discussed in this article uses a modal solution to determine natural frequencies, which are then used to calculate clusters of points surrounding those frequencies. Full harmonic solutions can then be performed at these clustered points. Examples and input les are provided in order to utilize this method."

      +
    • +

      Collaborative Virtual Prototyping: A Product Development Imperative [PDF]

      +

      Marc Halpern

      +

      PowerPoint presentation

      +
    • +

      Comparison of FLUID29 and FLUID79 Elements

      +

      Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)

      +

      "Analyses were conducted to verify that similar results could be obtained by using the displacement formulated fluid elements FLUID79 or the pressure formulated fluid elements FLUID29."

      +
    • +

      Comparison of Linear and Non-linear Soft Tissue Models with Post-operative CT Scan in Maxillofacial Surgery

      +

      Matthieu Chabanas, Yohan Payan, Christophe Marecaux, Pascal Swider, and Franck Boutault

      +

      "A Finite Element model of the face soft tissue is proposed to simulate the morphological outcomes of maxillofacial surgery. Three modelling options are implemented: a linear elastic model with small and large deformation hypothesis, and an hyperelastic Mooney-Rivlin model. An evaluation procedure based on a qualitative and quantitative comparison of the simulations with a post-operative CT scan is detailed. It is then applied to one clinical case to evaluate the differences between the three models, and with the actual patient morphology. First results shows in particular that for a “simple” clinical procedure where stress is less than 20%, a linear model seams sufficient for a correct modelling."

      +
    • +

      Comparison of Rectangular and Spherical Models

      +

      Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)

      +

      "The purpose of this investigation was to compare the two modelling techniques for an infinite boundary. The first technique involves setting the elements on the edges of the model to have an absorptive property by changing the material properties so that mu=1. The second technique involves the use of infinite elements (infinite129) that must be placed on a constant radius curvature."

      +
    • +

      Compiling UPFs and Creating Customized ANSYS Executables [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "ANSYS User Programmable Features (UPFs) are quite powerful means of customizing ANSYS beyond the scripting capabilities of the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). Writing one’s own constitutive models or complex loading functions or even creating a user-defined element are possible with UPFs.

      +

      Because some users may find it challenging to get started using UPFs, this memo hopes to discuss general issues related to compiling and linking a customized version of ANSYS for Windows and Linux environments."

      +

      (Week 51, week of 02/08/09)

      +
    • +

      Comprehensive Solder Fatigue And Thermal Characterization Of A Silicon Based Multi-Chip Module Package Utilizing Finite Element Analysis Methodologies

      +

      Bret A. Zahn

      +

      "Viscoplastic finite-element simulation methodologies were utilized to predict ball and bump solder joint reliability for a silicon based five-chip multi-chip module package under accelerated temperature cycling conditions." (Nonlinear, Anand)

      +
    • +

      Compressive Strength of Solid Clay Brick Masonry under Eccentric Loading

      +

      A. Brencich, C. Corradi, L. Gambarotta, G. Mantegazza, E. Sterpi

      +

      "Arches, vaults and pillars generally experience eccentric normal force. As a consequence, the classical theories of masonry collapse, developed for concentrically compressed brickwork, are not directly applicable. In this paper experimental data on solid clay brick and lime-mortar masonry prisms, eccentrically loaded, are presented. Comparing the results to the response of a FEM model, some hints on the collapse mechanism of masonry show that the edge effects greatly affect the load carrying capacity of the brickwork. Besides, the plane section assumption is found to be acceptable up to the ultimate compressive strength, allowing relatively simple models to be used for arch-type structures." (Concrete SOLID65)

      +
    • +

      Conceptual Design for the SRRC Elliptically Polarizing Undulator EPU5.6. Part II: Magnetic Loading and Structure Deformation

      +

      Ch. Wang, M.C. Lin, C.H. Chang, L.H. Chang, H.H. Chen, T.C. Fan, K.T. Hsu, J.Y. Hsu, C.S. Hwang, K.T

      +

      "In part II of the conference paper, we address our efforts on the determination of the maximal magnetic loading on the individual magnetic arrays, and on the estimation of the resulting structure deformation by using the 3D finite element code ANSYS."

      +
    • +

      Constellation Pathfinder: A University Nanosatellite

      +

      C.D. Rayburn, H.E. Spence, H.E. Petschek, M. Bellino, J. Vickers, M. Murphy

      +

      "This paper updates the progress of the Constellation Pathfinder Mission (CPM) design. Specifically, preliminary results in areas including satellite design, orbital mechanics, thermal design, structural design, and attitude determination and control are discussed."

      +
    • +

      Constitutive Relationship Development, Modeling and Measurement of Heat Stressing of Micro-SMD Assembly with Sn3.9Ag0.6Cu SAC Alloy

      +

      Qiang Xiao, William Armstrong, James Pitarresi, Satish Chaparala, Brian Rogeman, Bahgat Sammakia, Lu

      +

      "The thermal-mechanical response of electronic packages was simulated using the commercial finite element code ANSYS coupled with the Garofalo model to represent the solder constitutive creep response. The measured properties for bulk and thin-cast Sn3.9Ag0.6Cu SAC alloy were used in the FE modeling."

      +

    • Construction Machinery Cab Vibro-Acoustic Analysis and Optimisation

      L. Bregant, G. Miccoli, M. Seppi

      "A 3D cavity representing the earth-moving machine cab has been modelled by means of a FE structural mesh (Ansys), reproducing the characteristics of the real structure. Starting from the cab vibration load experimental acquisition, a BEM coupled analysis (Sysnoise) has been carried out to evaluate the cab inner vibro-acoustic field as a function of the physical properties of each structural element. A multi-objective design optimisation code (modeFrontier) drives the analysis process flow taking into account the cab parameter structural modifications and carrying out the vibro-acoustic field optimisation."
      @@ -102,6 +173,10 @@

      Resources

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      "Generally speaking, nonlinear analyses involving contact can be quite challenging to solve when the contacting area changes during the load history. However, ANSYS Workbench Simulation has very robust contact technology, along with diagnostic tools that can help the user obtain converged, accurate solutions. This memo hopes to discuss some tips related to contact analyses in hopes of aiding the user who encounters difficulties when solving contact analyses."

    • +

      Contact Analysis of Workpiece-Fixture System Under Time-Varying Machining Loads Using Finite Element Method

      +

      N. Kaya, F. Öztürk

      +

      "Proper fixture design is crucial to product quality in terms of precision, accuracy and finish of the machined part. Fixturing systems must be capable of positioning, holding and supporting the workpiece throughout the machining process. In this paper, modular fixture design verification analysis is carried out for time-varying machining forces using nonlinear finite element analysis. Chip removal effect is taken into account using element death technique and the frictional contact between workpiece and fixture elements is also considered. This paper also adresses applying optimal clamping forces in order to minimize the deformation. A case study is presented to demonstrate the suggested methodology."

      +

    • Contact Wizard Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      Describes some of the enhancements made to the Contact Wizard at ANSYS 6.0, including support of 17x contact elements' thermal features and ability to edit contact pair options through same interface.
      @@ -120,6 +195,10 @@

      Resources

      Tip on converting element pressures to nodal forces. This can be useful for mode superposition methods where LVSCALE may not be suitable.
      SI_P2F Macro and test input file.

    • +

      Coupled Structural-Acoustic Analysis Using ANSYS [PDF]

      +

      Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)

      +

      Paper on using SHELL63 and SOLID45 with FLUID30 in acoustic analyses.

      +

    • Coupling low-order elements to high-order elements in ANSYS

      Aaron Acton

      "This article presents several methods for obtaining coupling at the interface between low- and high-order elements in ANSYS. This situation can be encountered when modelling the fluid-structure interaction between a solid domain, modelled with quadratic elements, and an acoustic fluid domain, modelled with linear elements. The two methods determined to be most suitable for achieving this coupling are by using either constraint equations or contact elements, both of which are likely more-robust methods than by simply attaching coincident nodes on matching meshes. Examples are provided for each case described herein, and the results from each are compared to the ANSYS 11.0 verification problem VM177."

      @@ -144,11 +223,30 @@

      Resources

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      Presentation on cyclic symmetry enhancements at ANSYS 6.1 (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS"seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

    • +

      Delamination in Patterned Films

      +

      X.H. Liu, M.W. Lane, T.M. Shaw, E. Simonyi

      +

      "When the dielectric constant of an insulator in an interconnect is reduced, mechanical properties are often compromised, giving rise to significant challenges in interconnect integration and reliability. Due to low adhesion of the dielectric an interfacial crack may occur during fabrication and testing. To understand the effect of interconnect structure, an interfacial fracture mechanics model has been analyzed for patterned films undergoing a typical thermal excursion during the integration process. It is found that the underlayer pattern generates a driving force for delamination and changes the mode mixity of the delamination. The implications of our findings to interconnect processes and reliability testing have been discussed."
      +[ANSYS Structural, version unknown]

      +
    • +

      Design And Manufacturing Of Micro Via-In-Pad Substrates For Solder Bumped Flip Chip Applications

      +

      John Lau, Chris Chang, Ricky Lee, Tsung-Yuan Chen, David Cheng, Tzyy Jang Tseng, Dyna Lin

      +

      "A novel and low-cost micro via-in-pad (VIP) substrate for supporting a solder bumped flip chip is presented in this study. Non-linear finite element analyses are used to determine the stress and strain in the copper VIP and the solder joint. Time-dependent non-linear analysis is used to predict the thermal-fatigue life of the VIP solder joint." (Nonlinear, Anand)

      +

    • Design Optimization of an Automotive Universal Joint Considering Manufacturing Cost

      Nick Cristello and Il Yong Kim

      "This paper presents the shape optimization of an automotive universal joint, by simultaneously considering manufacturing cost, maximum drivable joint angle and part volume. Comprised of three main components - two yokes and a cross trunnion - a universal joint is a linkage used to transmit rotational motion from one shaft to another when the axes are coplanar, but not coinciding. In this research, universal joint designs are analyzed and compared using a weighted sum of three objective functions: minimization of machining cost, maximization of adjoining shaft joint angle, and minimization of total part volume. Part modeling and analysis is conducted using the Finite Element Analysis package ANSYS and optimization is implemented using MATLAB. The results show Pareto frontiers for both the flange and weld yoke, constructed using the Adaptive Weighted Sum technique. These frontiers clearly illustrate the trade-off between machining cost and joint angle; that is, to increase the joint angle, a corresponding increase in the cost of the part is required. It has been shown that maximization of driveable joint angle requires a simultaneous increase in machining cost of 4.4% and 2.7% for the flange and weld yoke, respectively."
      [ANSYS Structural, version 9.0]

    • +

      Design and Analysis of Ultrasonic Actuator in Consideration of Length-Reduction for a USDC (Ultrasonic/Sonic Driller/Corer)

      +

      Z. Chang, S. Sherrit, M. Badescu, X. Bao, and Y. Bar-Cohen

      +

      "The USDC uses a novel driving mechanism, transferring ultrasonic vibration to sonic frequency impacts with the aid of a free-flying mass block (free-mass). The free mass then drives the drill bit. The actuator consists of a stack of piezoelectric disks with a horn that amplifies the induced vibration amplitudes. The standard USDC is a slender device, and some times its length is too long for specific NASA missions. It is of current interest to have novel designs that reduce the length of the device. For this purpose, two novel horn designs were examined analytically. One is the flipped horn, the other is the planar folded horn. The new designs of the horn were analyzed using finite element modeling and the results allow for the determination of the control parameters that can optimize the performance of the ultrasonic horn in terms of the tip displacement and velocity. The results of the modeling are described and discussed in this paper."
      +[ANSYS Piezoelectric, version 5.4]

      +
    • +

      Design and Characterization of Thin Film Microcoolers

      +

      Chris LaBounty, Ali Shakouri, John E. Bowers

      +

      "Thin film coolers can provide large cooling power densities compared to bulk thermoelectrics due to the close spacing of hot and cold junctions. Important parameters in the design of such coolers are investigated theoretically and experimentally. A three-dimensional finite element simulator (ANSYS) is used to model self-consistently thermal and electrical properties of a complete device structure."
      +[ANSYS Thermal, version 5.5.3]

      +

    • Design and Implementation of a Flow Microsensor by using Silicon Microelectronics Technology

      Roberto Rodrigues and Rogerio Furlan

      "This work presents the design of a gas flow microsensor that was implemented by using silicon microelectronics technology. Its main features are a low power consumption (tens of mW) and the possibility of integration in flow microactuators. It was adopted a calorimetric device with free-standing microfilaments and thermoresistive sensor elements. Analytical and numerical modeling were developed for device analyses and design. The free-standing microfilaments were fabricated using surface micromachining. Characteristic curves, of output voltage vs. flow, were obtained by using a commercial flow sensor for calibration. A good agreement was obtained comparing the flow microsensor experimental characteristic curves with numerical simulation results."

      @@ -164,107 +262,6 @@

      Resources

      DesignSpace Tutorial 2

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      Simple tutorial on analyzing assemblies using DesignSpace with focus on compatibility with SolidWorks.

      -
    • -

      Developing The Basis For Target Injection And Tracking In Inertial Fusion Energy Power Plants

      -

      D.T. Goodin, C.R. Gibson, R.W. Petzoldt, N.P. Siegel, L. Thompson, A. Nobile, G.E. Besenbruch, K.R.

      -

      The use of ANSYS's thermal and CFD capabilities to analyze the target injection and tracking of an Inertial Fusion Energy power plant

      -
    • -

      Different Methods of Connecting Parts Together [PDF]

      -

      Sean Harvey (CSI)

      -

      Connecting Parts - A study of Continuous Mesh versus Bonded Contact versus Constraint Equations.

      -
    • -

      DistributedLoad.zip

      -

      Paris Altidis (Borg Warner)

      -

      Zip file containing two example macros of applying distributed pressures.

      -
    • -

      Drucker-Prager Models [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "The Drucker-Prager material model is used for pressure-dependent inelastic behavior of materials such as soils, rock, concrete, and powder. Because ANSYS offers three different Drucker-Prager constitutive models, this memo hopes to provide a comparison of the available options."
      -(Week 44, week of 03/16/08)

      -
    • -

      Dutchsensorconf98.pdf

      -

      -

      Dutchsensorconf98.pdf

      -
    • -

      Dynamic FEA and Simulation for A Series of Blast-Resist-door

      -

      Lu Xinzheng and Jiang Jianjing

      -

      "A series of blast-resist-door were used widely. In order to know the behavior of the doors under blast load and verify the safety of the doors, dynamic finite element analysis and simulation are carried out with advanced FEA software, ANSYS/LS-DYNA and SAP. Contact surfaces are introduced to simulate the relation between the door leaf and doorframe, as well as the relation between the door hinges and bearings. Altogether 24 different load cases are analyzed to simulate various load conditions."
      -[ANSYS LS-DYNA, version unspecified]

      -
    • -

      Dynamic Pile Testing and Finite Element Calculations for the Bearing Capacity of a Quay Wall Foundation

      -

      F. Kirsch, B. Plaßmann, T. Huch, W. Rodatz

      -

      "In April 1999 the construction of a new quay wall in the port of Hamburg started. In a first stage two new berths with an overall length of 1400 m will be built. In order to proof the bearing capacity of the foundation dynamic pile testing is performed to a great extent. To date more than thirty different piles were tested by the Institute for Foundation Engineering and Soil Mechanics of the Technical University of Braunschweig. In order to check for possible set-up effects redriven tests were performed. For comparison reasons static load tests were also carried out, one of which was done with an instrumented pile to allow skin friction and end bearing to be evaluated separately. The CAPWAP results proofed to be very helpful especially in those cases where the testing situation differed from the later service condition. Special questions called for detailed finite element analysis of the load-settlement behaviour of single piles in certain construction stages."
      -Although ANSYS is not explicitly mentioned, F. Kirsch also used ANSYS in two related papers, Stability of the vault developing over Soilcrete bodies and Ground Improvement and Its Numerical Analysis.

      -
    • -

      ECTC2001-paper.pdf

      -

      -

      ECTC2001-paper.pdf

      -
    • -

      EE245.pdf

      -

      -

      EE245.pdf

      -
    • -

      Effect of Package Design and Layout on BGA Solder Joint Reliability of an Organic C4 Package

      -

      Biju Chandran, Deepak Goyal, and Jeffrey Thomas

      -

      "Ball Grid Array (BGA) is currently the interconnect of choice for attaching microprocessors on a printed circuit board (PCB). The reliability of solder joints is one of the critical issues in BGA surface mount technology (SMT). During reliability testing, BGA fatigue failures were observed on test vehicles (TV). Finite element analysis and physical failure analysis were used to determine the risk to the product in the field. As part of this effort, parametric finite element analysis was carried out to determine the effect of design features like the package size, and BGA pattern on the propensity of fatigue failure. The results of the finite element analysis and physical failure analysis showed that the risk to fatigue failure was much greater on a peripheral / partial grid array package than in a full grid array package."

      -
    • -

      Effects of Nonlinear Geometric and Material Properties on the Seismic Response of Fluid/Tank Systems

      -

      He Liu, Daniel H. Schubert

      -

      "To explore the effects large deformation and nonlinear material properties have on the seismic response of fluid/tank systems, the computer program ANSYS was selected to develop a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model of a ground level, cylindrical steel shell and roof tank structure with contained fluid under seismic load. The ANSYS program was selected for its ability to include shell and structural steel elements, contained fluid elements, fluid-structure interactions, material and geometric nonlinearities, and contact type elements. For purposes of this study, analysis results from a linear elastic, small deformation fixed base model are compared with an elasto-plastic material property model with large deformation assumptions. Results show the significant difference in results based on the assumptions used and indicate that current design code based values may not be conservative in resultant loading calculations."

      -
    • -

      Elastic Foundation Stiffness

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Short explanation of what elastic foundation stiffness (SURF154) is and how to calculate the resulting stiffness for non-planar cases. In Workbench Mechanical, this feature is referred to as an "Elastic Support".

      -
    • -

      Element for Modelling of Interaction Between Foundations and Bedrock in ANSYS Software

      -

      Radim Cajka, Ondrej Víta

      -

      "Ansys provides standard solutions to contact tasks. It is a high-performing computing tool that offers several modifications, making it possible to create a new element and adjust the calculation to individual requirements. When dealing with specific problems relating to the contact between the foundation and the foundation soil, it is possible to create an element that will take into account the behaviour of a soil layer under the foundation exposed to shear. The shearing load can be caused by undermining, concrete creep, or concrete shrinkage."
      -Example of user-defined element (older USER100-105)
      -[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 5.7.1]

      -
    • -

      Evaluation of Acoustic Propagation Paths into the Human Head

      -

      William D. O’Brien, Jr. and Yuhui Liu

      -

      "The overall goal has been to develop an acoustic wave propagation model using well-understood and documented computational techniques that track and quantify an air-borne incident acoustic wave propagated around, into and in the human head. This model serves as a computational tool to elucidate the acoustic wave propagation around, into and in the human head. Specifically, the model determines two features: (1) alternate acoustic propagation paths to the cochlear shell that exist besides the normal air-borne acoustic propagation path (eardrum-ossical path) through the auditory canal and (2) sound pressure amplitude in the cochlear shell (relative to the air-borne sound pressure amplitude) via the alternate propagation paths. A 3D finite-element solid mesh was constructed using a digital image database of an adult male head. Coupled acoustic-mechanical finite-element analysis (FEA) was used to model the wave propagation through the fluid-solid-fluid media."
      -[ANSYS Acoustics, version 6.1]

      -
    • -

      Example harmonic analysis using the large mass method [PDF]

      -

      David Haberman (CSI)

      -

      Step-by-step instructions on performing an example harmonic analysis using the large mass method.

      -
    • -

      FE Analysis of ATLAS: End Cap Support Structure - PSD Spectrum Analysis

      -

      C.J.Nelson

      -

      "This report investigates the effect of a PSD (Power Spectral Density) random input load on an early FE model of the ATLAS EndCap Support Structure. Statistical predictions of the maximum displacement are presented."[ANSYS Structural, version 5.3]

      -
    • -

      FFTDFT.zip

      -

      Juan Carlos Lancha (OHL, S.A.)

      -

      From the author:

      -

      "These small APDL macros perform Fourier transforms (FFT and DFT) of discrete signals. This procedure decomposes a time domain signal into a sum of harmonic (frequency domain) signals. It’s a useful APDL tool when dealing with dynamic and harmonic problems in ANSYS."

      -
    • -

      FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF DAMAGE ACCUMULATION IN BOLTED COMPOSITE JOINTS UNDER INCREMENTAL TENSILE LOADING

      -

      -

      A three-dimensional progressive damage model was developed in order to simulate the damage accumulation of bolted single-lap composite joints under in-plane tensile loading. This model is capable of predicting the residual strength and residual stiffness of laminates with arbitrary lay-ups, geometries and bolt positions. The parametric study includes stress analysis, failure analysis and material property degradation. Stress analysis of the three-dimensional geometry was performed using the ANSYS FE code. Failure analysis and degradation of material properties were implemented using a progressive damage model, which is incorporated in an ANSYS macro-routine. The progressive model utilizes a set of stress-based Hashin-type criteria and a set of appropriate degradation rules. A parametric study was performed to examine the effect of bolt position and friction upon residual strength and damage accumulation.

      -
    • -

      FLOTRAN Chills Out Hot Aerospace Electronics

      -

      Mark Troscinski, Jiang Guangnan, Zhang Minyi

      -

      Examples of use of Flotran for electronics applications.
      -From ANSYS Solutions, Vol. 4 Number 2.

      -
    • -

      FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf

      -

      -

      FSI.projects.Nabity.paper.pdf

      -
    • -

      Fast Nonlinear Transient Thermal Solver [PDF]

      -

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Information on the fast nonlinear thermal solution method (THOPT), beta in 5.6 and documented in 5.7

      -
    • -

      Finite Element Analysis Of Crowning Sealing Caps

      -

      Henri Champliaud, L Van Ngan

      -

      "Metal closures, with an integrated gasket, are widely used in the food industry to ensure the sealing of the glass bottles by setting. The success of this bottle-capping is due to the relevant choice of the variables in the manufacturing process. Actually, the effects of the various variables of the process are not precisely understood."

      -

      "In this paper, the leakage pressure of an assembly, with given parameters of a standard setting operation is predicted. The study is concentrated firstly on the simulation of setting the cap on the bottle, and secondly, on the global distribution of the efforts of contact on the gasket according to the internal pressure. Finally, the leakage pressure of the assembly is determined using practical tests that relate the leakage pressure with the global force exerted on the gasket."

      -
    • -

      Finite Element Analysis To Investigate The Significance Of Functional Gradients In Dental Restorations [PDF]

      -

      Tan Kok Wai, Alex and Anand Asundi

      -

      Use of SOLID46 element.

    • -

      Finite Element Analysis at Mannesmann VDO Fuel Systems [PDF]

      -

      Zlatko Penzar

      -

      Finite Element Analysis at Mannesmann VDO Fuel Systems - ppt presentation

      +

      Designing the Liquid-Nitrogen Injection Rakes for the European Transonic Windtunnel Project

      +

      Ian Glendinning

      +

      Article from Heat Engineering magazine, back in 1993. Static and transient stress and thermal analysis performed in ANSYS 4.4a.

    • -

      Finite Element Based Solder Joint Fatigue Life Predictions for a Same Die Stacked Chip Scale Ball Grid Array Package

      -

      Bret Zahn

      -

      "Viscoplastic finite-element simulation methodologies were utilized to predict solder joint reliability for a same die size, stacked, chip scale, ball grid array package under accelerated temperature cycling conditions (-40C to +125C, 15min ramps/15min dwells). The effects of multiple die attach material configurations were investigated along with the thickness of the mold cap and spacer die. The solder structures accommodate the bulk of the plastic strain that is generated during accelerated temperature cycling due to the thermal expansion mismatch between the various materials that encompass the stacked die package. Since plastic strain is a dominant parameter that influences low-cycle fatigue, it was used as a basis for evaluation of solder joint structural integrity. The paper discusses the analysis methodologies as implemented in the ANSYS finite element simulation software tool and the corresponding results for the solder joint fatigue life. Some ANSYS parametric design language commands are included for the benefit of those readers who are familiar with the tool."

      +

      Developing The Basis For Target Injection And Tracking In Inertial Fusion Energy Power Plants

      +

      D.T. Goodin, C.R. Gibson, R.W. Petzoldt, N.P. Siegel, L. Thompson, A. Nobile, G.E. Besenbruch, K.R.

      +

      The use of ANSYS's thermal and CFD capabilities to analyze the target injection and tracking of an Inertial Fusion Energy power plant

    • -

      Finite Element Method Analysis Of Non-Linear Behaviour Of Implants And Stents [PDF]

      -

      J. Awrejcewicz, M. Ciach, K. Wlodarczyk

      -

      Example of using ANSYS for stent application (Mooney-Rivlin and kinematic hardening plasticity).

      +

      Development of CAD Model for MEMS Micropumps [PDF]

      +

      M. Arik, S. M. Zurn, A. Bar-Cohen, Y. Nam, D. Markus, and D. Polla

      +

      Use of ANSYS in modal and harmonic analysis of micropumps (PZT cantilever beams). (MEMS)

    • -

      Flotran Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "There have been several enhancements to Flotran at 6.0. These changes include more robust default settings, an additional advection scheme, a new coupling algorithm, and improvements to the ALE mesh morpher."

      +

      Development of Convective Reflow-Projection Moiré Warpage Measurement System and Prediction of Solder Bump Reliability on Board Assemblies Affected by

      +

      Wei Tan (Georgia Institute of Technology)

      +

      "The effect of PWB warpage on the low cycle fatigue of the solder bumps on board assemblies was investigated using FEM and experimental study. The three- dimensional (3-D) models of PWBAs with varying board warpage were used to estimate the solder bump fatigue life for different types of plastic ball grid array (PBGA) packages mounted on PWBs. In order to improve the accuracy of FE results, the projection moiré technique was used to measure the initial warpage of PWBs, and this warpage was used as a geometric input to the FEM. Both Sn-Pb and lead-free solder materials were used in this study. The simulation results were validated and correlated with the experimental results obtained using the projection moiré system and accelerated thermal cycling tests. Design of experiments and an advanced prediction model were generated to predict board level solder bump fatigue life based on the initial PWB warpage, package dimensions and locations, and solder bump materials."

    • -

      Formatting output text of results (PRxxxx family of commands) [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      -

      This memo outlines some of the options available in ANSYS to produce and to format output listings: (1) the use of the /FORMAT statement with the PRxxxx series of commands and (2) the application of *VWRITE to create custom output. This memo outlines some of the options available in ANSYS to produce and to format output listings: (1) the use of the /FORMAT statement with the PRxxxx series of commands and (2) the application of *VWRITE to create custom output.

      +

      Different Methods of Connecting Parts Together [PDF]

      +

      Sean Harvey (CSI)

      +

      Connecting Parts - A study of Continuous Mesh versus Bonded Contact versus Constraint Equations.

    • -

      Fully Automatic Adaptive Mesh Refinement Integrated into the Solution Process

      -

      Joseph R. Tristano, Zhijan Chen, D. Alfred Hancq, Wa Kwok

      -

      "Finite element analysts and designers need to feel confident in the results of their analyses before sending a product to prototype or production. Mesh discretization can greatly influence the desired results. In this paper we present framework for adaptive mesh refinement to obtain FEA results with a desired accuracy. The process involves adaptively refining the mesh based on solution error norms until the result desired converges to certain accuracy. The adaptive refinement/meshing process must be fully automatic and very robust. We present an exhaustive method to create a fully automatic and integrated process that takes advantage of many of the mesh refinement and mesh optimization algorithms found in literature. The results of the process provide the user with the desired accuracy in the smallest number of iterations possible."

      -

      [Workbench Simulation, version 7.1]

      +

      Disruption Load Calculations Using ANSYS Transient Electromagnetic Simulations for the ALCATOR C-MOD Antennas

      +

      Peter H. Titus

      +

      "ANSYS has been used to compute eddy current loads in C-Mod antenna components due to a disruption. The antennas are on the outbuard mid-plane, away from the direct involvement with halo currents, which characterize loading in the inner divertor and wall. Only inductively driven currents are computed. A rather complex but manageable electromagnetic model is used. Three of the antennas used in C-Mod were analyzed, Lower Hybrid, ICRH, and MHD antennas. The goal of these simulations was principally to quantify upper bound disruption loads."

    • -

      GSkoro1.pdf

      -

      -

      GSkoro1.pdf

      +

      DistributedLoad.zip

      +

      Paris Altidis (Borg Warner)

      +

      Zip file containing two example macros of applying distributed pressures.

    • -

      Gasket Materials

      -

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Presentation on the gasket materials and companion interface elements, introduced at ANSYS 6.1 (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

      -
    • -

      General ANSYS Tips (5.5)

      -

      Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)

      -

      Where to get help
      -Insufficient disk space
      -Bulk compression mode
      -Choice of solver
      -Element Normals
      -Boolean operations on solid models
      -Meshing
      -Loading an array from a file
      -Using ETABLE and extracting the results to an array
      -Output when using the GUI
      -Generating editable WMF figures

      -
    • -

      High End Workbench Tip

      -

      PADT

      -

      Taken from PADT's SWAU group meeting on performing high-end analyses with Workbench Simulation.

      -
    • -

      Hill's Potential [ZIP]

      +

      Drucker-Prager Models [PDF]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "Anisotropic plasticity using Hill’s yield criterion was introduced in ANSYS 5.7, and the extensions to anisotropic creep and viscoplasticity were added in ANSYS 6.0. While Hill’s stress potential is most commonly used for rolled sheets, it can be used for other situations where three orthogonal planes of symmetry are preserved. This memo will introduce details of the usage of Hill’s potential in ANSYS."
      -(Week 50, week of 08/31/08)

      -
    • -

      Human Heart Valves. Hyperelastic Material Modeling

      -

      Mihai Stuparu

      -

      "Performing a finite element analysis (FEA) on a hyperelastic material is difficult due to nonlinearity, large deformation, and material instability. This paper provides a brief review of the hyperelastic theory and discusses several important issues that should be addressed when using ANSYS. Analysis on a fatigue specimen is used as an example of one of our product development challenges upon which these issues were illuminated. We believe that a stable material model in combination with a good understanding of structural instability for traditional materials is the key to success in simulating hyperelastic materials using ANSYS."

      +

      "The Drucker-Prager material model is used for pressure-dependent inelastic behavior of materials such as soils, rock, concrete, and powder. Because ANSYS offers three different Drucker-Prager constitutive models, this memo hopes to provide a comparison of the available options."
      +(Week 44, week of 03/16/08)

    • -

      Hyper-Elastic Contact Analysis of a Push-Button Diaphragm Seal

      -

      Jeffrey R. Annis

      -

      "Presented is the non-linear finite element analysis of a rubber diaphragm seal utilizied in a pushbutton design. Analysis considerations encompassed, nonlinear hyper-elastic material behavior of the rubber, large deflection analysis of seal complex motion, and contact analysis with mating parts. Design parameters of primary interest were, seal deflection patterns and seal actuation force as a function of travel."

      +

      Dynamic FEA and Simulation for A Series of Blast-Resist-door

      +

      Lu Xinzheng and Jiang Jianjing

      +

      "A series of blast-resist-door were used widely. In order to know the behavior of the doors under blast load and verify the safety of the doors, dynamic finite element analysis and simulation are carried out with advanced FEA software, ANSYS/LS-DYNA and SAP. Contact surfaces are introduced to simulate the relation between the door leaf and doorframe, as well as the relation between the door hinges and bearings. Altogether 24 different load cases are analyzed to simulate various load conditions."
      +[ANSYS LS-DYNA, version unspecified]

    • -

      IEEE00_LGC_umirror.pdf

      -

      -

      IEEE00_LGC_umirror.pdf

      +

      Dynamic Pile Testing and Finite Element Calculations for the Bearing Capacity of a Quay Wall Foundation

      +

      F. Kirsch, B. Plaßmann, T. Huch, W. Rodatz

      +

      "In April 1999 the construction of a new quay wall in the port of Hamburg started. In a first stage two new berths with an overall length of 1400 m will be built. In order to proof the bearing capacity of the foundation dynamic pile testing is performed to a great extent. To date more than thirty different piles were tested by the Institute for Foundation Engineering and Soil Mechanics of the Technical University of Braunschweig. In order to check for possible set-up effects redriven tests were performed. For comparison reasons static load tests were also carried out, one of which was done with an instrumented pile to allow skin friction and end bearing to be evaluated separately. The CAPWAP results proofed to be very helpful especially in those cases where the testing situation differed from the later service condition. Special questions called for detailed finite element analysis of the load-settlement behaviour of single piles in certain construction stages."
      +Although ANSYS is not explicitly mentioned, F. Kirsch also used ANSYS in two related papers, Stability of the vault developing over Soilcrete bodies and Ground Improvement and Its Numerical Analysis.

    • -

      IJSS2007.pdf

      -

      -

      IJSS2007.pdf

      +

      Economic Method for the Collection of Complex Materials Data for the Design of Microsystems [PDF]

      +

      Jürgen Wilde, Markus Thoben, Klaus Becker

      +

      Use of Anand model.

    • -

      IMAPS_Shivesh.PDF

      -

      -

      IMAPS_Shivesh.PDF

      -
    • -

      INTERP.zip

      -

      Vladimir Tkach (NPO Energomash)

      -

      "This example interpolates stress-strain curve by polynomial function - Strain=A1+A2StressA3Stress^2, in temperature area between Proportional, Yield and Ultimate stresses and reads it into ANSYS db-file."

      -
    • -

      IPACK2005-73239.pdf

      -

      -

      IPACK2005-73239.pdf

      -
    • -

      Implicit Creep

      -

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Presentation on implicit creep (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

      +

      Effect of Package Design and Layout on BGA Solder Joint Reliability of an Organic C4 Package

      +

      Biju Chandran, Deepak Goyal, and Jeffrey Thomas

      +

      "Ball Grid Array (BGA) is currently the interconnect of choice for attaching microprocessors on a printed circuit board (PCB). The reliability of solder joints is one of the critical issues in BGA surface mount technology (SMT). During reliability testing, BGA fatigue failures were observed on test vehicles (TV). Finite element analysis and physical failure analysis were used to determine the risk to the product in the field. As part of this effort, parametric finite element analysis was carried out to determine the effect of design features like the package size, and BGA pattern on the propensity of fatigue failure. The results of the finite element analysis and physical failure analysis showed that the risk to fatigue failure was much greater on a peripheral / partial grid array package than in a full grid array package."

    • -

      Improvements to Time-History Postprocessing at 6.0 [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "This tips and tricks focuses on improvements at 6.0 on the Time-History postprocessor. (After I did this, I realized that a lot of this was already covered in the 6.0 Update seminar, but, oh well...)"

      +

      Effect of Simulation Methodology on Solder Joint Crack Growth Correlation

      +

      Robert Darveaux

      +

      "A generalized solder joint fatigue life model for surface mount packages was previously published in Refs [1,2]. The model is based on correlation to measured crack growth data on BGA joints during thermal cycling. It was subsequently discovered by Anderson et.al. that the ANSYS TM 5.2 finite element code used in the model had an error in its method for calculating plastic work [3]. It was shown that significant error in life prediction could result by using a recent version of the code where the bug has been fixed. The error comes about since the original crack growth constants were derived based on plastic work calculations that had the bug.
      +In this paper, crack initiation and growth constants are re-calculated using ANSYS 5.6. In addition, several other model related issues are explored with respect to the crack growth correlations. For example, 3D slice models were compared to quarter symmetry models. Anand’s constitutive model was compared with Darveaux’s constitutive model. It was shown that the crack growth rate dependence on strain energy density always had an exponent of 1.10 +/- 0.15. This is in the range of the original correlation, so the accuracy of relative predictions should still be within +/- 25%. However, the accuracy of absolute predictions could be off by a factor of 7 in the worst case, if the analyst uses a modeling procedure that is not consistent with that used for the crack growth correlation. The key to good accuracy is to maintain consistency in the modeling procedure."

    • -

      Integrating ANSYS with Modern Numerical Optimization Technologies

      -

      Shen-Yeh Chen

      -

      "Design automation with finite element analysis as a simulation and evaluation tool is becoming more and more desired. The ability to do automatic design iteration has constantly been a popular research and engineering topic. In this article, we will show how Honeywell Engines & Systems took advantage of the flexible environment of ANSYS to achieve this goal." (Optimization, APDL)

      +

      Effects of Nonlinear Geometric and Material Properties on the Seismic Response of Fluid/Tank Systems

      +

      He Liu, Daniel H. Schubert

      +

      "To explore the effects large deformation and nonlinear material properties have on the seismic response of fluid/tank systems, the computer program ANSYS was selected to develop a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model of a ground level, cylindrical steel shell and roof tank structure with contained fluid under seismic load. The ANSYS program was selected for its ability to include shell and structural steel elements, contained fluid elements, fluid-structure interactions, material and geometric nonlinearities, and contact type elements. For purposes of this study, analysis results from a linear elastic, small deformation fixed base model are compared with an elasto-plastic material property model with large deformation assumptions. Results show the significant difference in results based on the assumptions used and indicate that current design code based values may not be conservative in resultant loading calculations."

    • -

      Introduction to the Residual Vector Method [ZIP]

      +

      Elastic Foundation Stiffness

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "The residual vector method can improve the accuracy of mode-superposition harmonic response or transient analyses, especially when the high-frequency content of the structure is excited. This memo provides details on how users can take advantage of this analysis technique introduced in ANSYS 11.0."

      -
    • -

      Jewart_etd_2006.pdf

      -

      -

      Jewart_etd_2006.pdf

      -
    • -

      Legend_Example.zip

      -

      Bob Weathers (Trane)

      -

      Example of customizing legend with annotations. See "Read Me"file for details, along with AVI animation."Essentially, I turn off the legend and write annotations into this area. It gives me considerable control over what appears there. I have also found that I can better communicate results to my customers by, say, having a legend that's reads 1.23 mils rather than 0.123E-02 inches or by referencing drawing and revision numbers, test results, material properties, and so on."
      -"You might need to change some of the character size and line spacing dimensions in the macros. Again, though, they work just fine for my hardware."

      -
    • -

      LiPaperECF13.pdf

      -

      -

      LiPaperECF13.pdf

      -
    • -

      License monitoring and reporting [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      -

      Information on license monitoring and reporting for Elan (ANSYS 5.4-5.6). At 5.7, licensing has reverted back to FlexLM, and this document is not applicable.

      +

      Short explanation of what elastic foundation stiffness (SURF154) is and how to calculate the resulting stiffness for non-planar cases. In Workbench Mechanical, this feature is referred to as an "Elastic Support".

      +
    • +

      Electromagnetic, Thermal, and Structural Analysis of RF Cavities Using ANSYS

      +

      N. Hartman, R. A. Rimmer

      +

      "We report on techniques developed for producing electromagnetic, thermal, and structural solutions to RF cavity design problems in ANSYS, using one model. Methods for preparing imported geometry from solid modeling programs are discussed, and meshing techniques are suggested. A study of mesh density is presented, comparing mesh size with heat flux and Q factor convergence. The general analysis protocol is presented in a stepwise fashion, describing the macros that are used for conducting RF calculations. Finally, these techniques are applied to a proposed RF cavity for the NLC damping rings, which is shown as an example."

      +
    • +

      Electromechanical Transducer Element for MEMS Analysis in ANSYS [PDF]

      +

      Miklos Gyimesi, Dale Ostergaard

      +

      Presented at MSM 1999. (MEMS)

      +
    • +

      Electromechanical analysis of micromechanical SOI-fabricated RF resonators

      +

      T. Lamminmaki, K. Ruokonen, I. Tittonen, T. Mattila, O. Jaakkola, A. Oja, H. Seppa, P. Seppala, and

      +

      "In this paper, finite element method (FEM) simulations are used to model mechanical properties of MEMS resonators. Using a static displacement analysis the effective spring constant and mass are calculated. Nonlinearity of the mechanical restoring force is simulated to analyze large amplitude behavior of the resonator."

      +
    • +

      Element for Modelling of Interaction Between Foundations and Bedrock in ANSYS Software

      +

      Radim Cajka, Ondrej Víta

      +

      "Ansys provides standard solutions to contact tasks. It is a high-performing computing tool that offers several modifications, making it possible to create a new element and adjust the calculation to individual requirements. When dealing with specific problems relating to the contact between the foundation and the foundation soil, it is possible to create an element that will take into account the behaviour of a soil layer under the foundation exposed to shear. The shearing load can be caused by undermining, concrete creep, or concrete shrinkage."
      +Example of user-defined element (older USER100-105)
      +[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 5.7.1]

      +
    • +

      Evaluation of Acoustic Propagation Paths into the Human Head

      +

      William D. O’Brien, Jr. and Yuhui Liu

      +

      "The overall goal has been to develop an acoustic wave propagation model using well-understood and documented computational techniques that track and quantify an air-borne incident acoustic wave propagated around, into and in the human head. This model serves as a computational tool to elucidate the acoustic wave propagation around, into and in the human head. Specifically, the model determines two features: (1) alternate acoustic propagation paths to the cochlear shell that exist besides the normal air-borne acoustic propagation path (eardrum-ossical path) through the auditory canal and (2) sound pressure amplitude in the cochlear shell (relative to the air-borne sound pressure amplitude) via the alternate propagation paths. A 3D finite-element solid mesh was constructed using a digital image database of an adult male head. Coupled acoustic-mechanical finite-element analysis (FEA) was used to model the wave propagation through the fluid-solid-fluid media."
      +[ANSYS Acoustics, version 6.1]

      +
    • +

      Example harmonic analysis using the large mass method [PDF]

      +

      David Haberman (CSI)

      +

      Step-by-step instructions on performing an example harmonic analysis using the large mass method.

      +
    • +

      FE Analysis of ATLAS: End Cap Support Structure - PSD Spectrum Analysis

      +

      C.J.Nelson

      +

      "This report investigates the effect of a PSD (Power Spectral Density) random input load on an early FE model of the ATLAS EndCap Support Structure. Statistical predictions of the maximum displacement are presented."[ANSYS Structural, version 5.3]

      +
    • +

      FFTDFT.zip

      +

      Juan Carlos Lancha (OHL, S.A.)

      +

      From the author:

      +

      "These small APDL macros perform Fourier transforms (FFT and DFT) of discrete signals. This procedure decomposes a time domain signal into a sum of harmonic (frequency domain) signals. It’s a useful APDL tool when dealing with dynamic and harmonic problems in ANSYS."

      +
    • +

      FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF DAMAGE ACCUMULATION IN BOLTED COMPOSITE JOINTS UNDER INCREMENTAL TENSILE LOADING

      +

      Th. Kermanidis, G. Labeas, K.I. Tserpes and Sp. Pantelakis

      +

      A three-dimensional progressive damage model was developed in order to simulate the damage accumulation of bolted single-lap composite joints under in-plane tensile loading. This model is capable of predicting the residual strength and residual stiffness of laminates with arbitrary lay-ups, geometries and bolt positions. The parametric study includes stress analysis, failure analysis and material property degradation. Stress analysis of the three-dimensional geometry was performed using the ANSYS FE code. Failure analysis and degradation of material properties were implemented using a progressive damage model, which is incorporated in an ANSYS macro-routine. The progressive model utilizes a set of stress-based Hashin-type criteria and a set of appropriate degradation rules. A parametric study was performed to examine the effect of bolt position and friction upon residual strength and damage accumulation.

      +
    • +

      FLOTRAN Chills Out Hot Aerospace Electronics

      +

      Mark Troscinski, Jiang Guangnan, Zhang Minyi

      +

      Examples of use of Flotran for electronics applications.
      +From ANSYS Solutions, Vol. 4 Number 2.

      +
    • +

      Fast Nonlinear Transient Thermal Solver [PDF]

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Information on the fast nonlinear thermal solution method (THOPT), beta in 5.6 and documented in 5.7

    • -

      Load vs. displacement control in contact problems [PDF]

      -

      Karen Dhuyvetter (CSI)

      -

      Discussion on load vs. displacement control for contact problems.

      +

      Fatigue Code Benchmark

      +

      Riccardo Testi (Piaggio & C. spa)

      +

      A comparison of fatigue codes — LMS Virtual.Lab (Durability), FEMFAT, and MSC.Fatigue — for use with ANSYS

    • -

      Local Approximation Estimators For Algebraic Multigrid

      -

      Jan Mandel

      -

      "We are concerned with the development of Algebraic Multigrid (AMG) for symmetric, positive definite linear systems arizing from finite element discretization of elliptic partial differential equations. AMG methods attempt to create coarse levels from the algebraic system automatically, using no or only a minimum of additional information. The basic idea of the multigrid algorithm is that fine level error on which the smoothing process is not effective should be reduced by the coarse correction. Therefore, a-priori estimates of the approximation of fine level functions by coarse level function are important to guide the design of robust AMG methods."

      +

      Finite Deformations Of An Earthworm Segment

      +

      H. Kunz

      +

      Use of Mooney-Rivlin model.

    • -

      Long Parameter and Component Names at 6.0 [ZIP]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "Starting from version 5.7, strings have been introduced to replace character arrays. Strings allow for up to 128 characters for APDL purposes, instead of the 8-letter limit of character parameters. The /INQUIRE command as well as string manipulation functions (see *GET online help) extend the usefulness of strings to retrieve and manipulate data. *VWRITE has also been enhanced to support C-format statements, useful in writing out long strings."
      -"At 6.0, the 8-character limitation on parameters, components, and /POST26 variables has been removed. Users can now specify up to 32 character for these items, allowing for much more descriptive names. In /POST26, variables can also be referred to by name when plotting or listing."

      +

      Finite Element Analysis Of Crowning Sealing Caps

      +

      Henri Champliaud, L Van Ngan

      +

      "Metal closures, with an integrated gasket, are widely used in the food industry to ensure the sealing of the glass bottles by setting. The success of this bottle-capping is due to the relevant choice of the variables in the manufacturing process. Actually, the effects of the various variables of the process are not precisely understood."

      +

      "In this paper, the leakage pressure of an assembly, with given parameters of a standard setting operation is predicted. The study is concentrated firstly on the simulation of setting the cap on the bottle, and secondly, on the global distribution of the efforts of contact on the gasket according to the internal pressure. Finally, the leakage pressure of the assembly is determined using practical tests that relate the leakage pressure with the global force exerted on the gasket."

    • -

      M3302.pdf

      -

      -

      M3302.pdf

      +

      Finite Element Analysis Of Plasticity-Induced Crack Closure For Inclined Cracks

      +

      L. W. Wei and M. N. James

      +

      "The contact occurring in inclined cracks is a general contact problem, and thus a general contact analysis must be implemented in which a combined load and displacement control procedure is used. The commercial FE code ANSYS 5.4 used in this work provides the utilities to deal with general contact problems."

    • -

      MICROtec2000.pdf

      -

      -

      MICROtec2000.pdf

      +

      Finite Element Analysis To Investigate The Significance Of Functional Gradients In Dental Restorations [PDF]

      +

      Tan Kok Wai, Alex and Anand Asundi

      +

      Use of SOLID46 element.

    • -

      MPPH060.pdf

      -

      -

      MPPH060.pdf

      +

      Finite Element Analysis at Mannesmann VDO Fuel Systems [PDF]

      +

      Zlatko Penzar

      +

      Finite Element Analysis at Mannesmann VDO Fuel Systems - ppt presentation

    • -

      MSM00_ANSYS_pds.pdf

      -

      -

      MSM00_ANSYS_pds.pdf

      +

      Finite Element Analysis for Solder Ball Connect (SBC) Structural Design Optimization

      +

      J.S. Corbin

      +

      "Solder Ball Connect (SBC) is a second-level surface mount electronics packaging technology in which ceramic modules containing one or more chips are joined to a circuit card (FR-4) by means of an array of nonhomogeneous solder columns. These columns consist of a high-temperature-melting 90%Pb/lO%Sn solder sphere attached to the module and card with eutectic solder fillets. The solder structures accommodate the bulk of the strain (which is due to the thermal- expansion mismatch between FR-4 and the 9211 ceramic of the modules) generated during power cycling. If the solder structures are not properly designed, the thermal strain can be a source of premature fatigue failure. In this work, finite element analysis is used to characterize the plastic strains that develop in the SBC interconnection during thermal cycling. Since plastic strain is a dominant parameter that influences low-cycle fatigue, it is used as a basis of comparison for various structural alternatives. Designed experiment techniques are used to systematically evaluate the thermal strain sensitivity to structural variables. Results are used to identify an optimally reliable structure that is robust in terms of assembly-process variables."

    • -

      MSM00_ANSYS_romfin.pdf

      -

      -

      MSM00_ANSYS_romfin.pdf

      +

      Finite Element Based Reduced Order Modeling of MEMS [PDF]

      +

      Dale Ostergaard, Miklos Gyimesi

      +

      Presented at MSM 2000. (MEMS)

    • -

      MSM00_ANSYS_trefftz.pdf

      -

      -

      MSM00_ANSYS_trefftz.pdf

      +

      Finite Element Based Solder Joint Fatigue Life Predictions for a Same Die Stacked Chip Scale Ball Grid Array Package

      +

      Bret Zahn

      +

      "Viscoplastic finite-element simulation methodologies were utilized to predict solder joint reliability for a same die size, stacked, chip scale, ball grid array package under accelerated temperature cycling conditions (-40C to +125C, 15min ramps/15min dwells). The effects of multiple die attach material configurations were investigated along with the thickness of the mold cap and spacer die. The solder structures accommodate the bulk of the plastic strain that is generated during accelerated temperature cycling due to the thermal expansion mismatch between the various materials that encompass the stacked die package. Since plastic strain is a dominant parameter that influences low-cycle fatigue, it was used as a basis for evaluation of solder joint structural integrity. The paper discusses the analysis methodologies as implemented in the ANSYS finite element simulation software tool and the corresponding results for the solder joint fatigue life. Some ANSYS parametric design language commands are included for the benefit of those readers who are familiar with the tool."

    • -

      MSM00_ANSYS_tzpcfin.pdf

      -

      -

      MSM00_ANSYS_tzpcfin.pdf

      +

      Finite Element Limit Load Analysis of Thin-Walled Structures by ANSYS (Implicit), LS-DYNA (Explicit) and in Combination

      +

      Wilhelm Rust

      +

      "After discussing general properties of implicit Finite Element analysis using ANSYS and explicit analysis using LS-DYNA it is shown when and how quasi-static limit load analyses can be performed by a transient analysis using explicit time integration. Then we focus on the remaining benefits of implicit analysis and how a proper combination of ANSYS and LS-DYNA can be used to prepare the transient analysis by common preprocessing and static analysis steps. Aspects of discretization, solution control, consideration of imperfections and methods of checking the results are outlined."[ANSYS LS-DYNA, Nonlinear, version unspecified]

    • -

      MSM2001_paper.pdf

      -

      -

      MSM2001_paper.pdf

      +

      Finite Element Method Analysis Of Non-Linear Behaviour Of Implants And Stents [PDF]

      +

      J. Awrejcewicz, M. Ciach, K. Wlodarczyk

      +

      Example of using ANSYS for stent application (Mooney-Rivlin and kinematic hardening plasticity).

    • -

      MSM99_ANSYS_trans126.pdf

      -

      -

      MSM99_ANSYS_trans126.pdf

      +

      Finite Element Modeling of Capacitor Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers

      +

      Yongrae Roh and Butrus T. Khuri-Yakub

      +

      "A finite element model of cMUTs is constructed using the commercial code ANSYS. The complex load impedance seen by individual cells is compared with the plane wave real impedance seen by a parallel combination of the cells to make a transducer. The result shows the origin and level of crosstalk between array elements, with evidence of coupling through Stoneley and Lamb waves." (acoustics)

    • -

      MSM99_CNRS_umirror.pdf

      -

      -

      MSM99_CNRS_umirror.pdf

      +

      Finite Element Modeling of Elastic Modulus in Ductile Irons: Effect of Graphite Morphology

      +

      S.H. Pundale, R.J. Rogers, G.R. Nadkarni

      +

      "This investigation is the first to deal with the modeling and prediction of effective elastic modulus of ductile irons using finite elements. Both plane stress and axisymmetric formulations were used to predict elastic moduli. With finite elements, it is possible to include microstructural parameters that are extremely difficult or impossible to model analytically. Assuming that the graphite nodules act as voids, the effective elastic modulus was modeled by considering the effect of small strains for nodule variables of volume fraction, shape, size and distribution. (No matrix variables have been considered.)"

    • -

      MSM99_IMT_upump.pdf

      -

      -

      MSM99_IMT_upump.pdf

      +

      Finite Element Predictions of Plasticity-Induced Fatigue Crack Closure in Three-Dimensional Cracked Geometries

      +

      Jeffrey Skinner, Jr.

      +

      "Elastic-plastic finite element analyses were performed to predict the crack opening level profiles in semi-elliptical surface cracks."

    • -

      MSM99_LIMMS_piezo.pdf

      -

      -

      MSM99_LIMMS_piezo.pdf

      +

      Finite Elements for Thermoelectric Device Analysis in ANSYS

      +

      Elena Antonova and David Looman

      +

      "A new set of ANSYS coupled-field elements enables users to accurately and efficiently analyze thermoelectric devices. This paper reviews the finite element formulation, which, in addition to Joule heating, includes Seebeck, Peltier, and Thomson effects. Examples of steady-state and transient simulations of a thermoelectric generator and a single-stage Peltier cooler are presented for thermoelectric analysis verification. An analysis of a multistage thermoelectric cooler is performed to demonstrate ANSYS parametric analysis capability."

    • -

      MSM99_ULM_cvd.pdf

      -

      -

      MSM99_ULM_cvd.pdf

      +

      First Micromachined Silicon Load Cell for Loads up to 1000 kg

      +

      Henk Wensink, Meint J. de Boer, Remco J. Wiegerink, Robert A.F. Zwijze, Miko C. Elwenspoek

      +

      "In this paper, a bulk micromachined silicon load cell is presented, designed for loads up to 1000 kg. ANSYS simulations were used to determine the load cell dimensions and strain gauge positions."

    • -

      MSM99_UMN_ufluidic.pdf

      -

      -

      MSM99_UMN_ufluidic.pdf

      +

      Flip Chip Reliability Modeling Based on Solder Fatigue as Applied to Flip Chip on Laminate Assemblies

      +

      Scott Popelar, Michael Roesch

      +

      "A 63Sn/Pb solder fatigue model has been previously developed based on a correlation of flip chip solder fatigue data combined with nonlinear finite element analysis. This model has been successfully applied in the prediction of PBGA and CSP fatigue lives as well as a parametric study investigating the reliability of flip chip assemblies and the influence of specific design parameters. In this investigation, flip chip reliability predictions are generated based on solder fatigue modeling and compared to actual thermal cycling reliability data. The influence of both solder fatigue and underfill delamination are considered in interpretation of the experimental data."

    • -

      Manipulating FE Mesh [ZIP]

      +

      Flotran Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "There are some special situations where a user may be required to generate or manipulate a database consisting mainly of finite element entities without solid model geometry. With some careful planning, dealing with mesh-only databases can prove to be relatively easy.

      -

      Typical situations that may arise include the following:

      -

      Import of mesh from Workbench Simulation or AI*Environment/ICEM CFD
      -Generation of repetitive geometry

      -

      This memo hopes to cover these situations in more detail."

      +

      "There have been several enhancements to Flotran at 6.0. These changes include more robust default settings, an additional advection scheme, a new coupling algorithm, and improvements to the ALE mesh morpher."

    • -

      Manual Calculation of Strain Energy Density [ZIP]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "Output of elastic, plastic, and creep strain energy densities (SEND) was introduced in ANSYS 6.0, although this is limited to 18x elements in nonlinear analyses. Users whose models include core elements with plasticity and creep may also wish to obtain these quantities, and this memo hopes to review this procedure."
      -(Week 22, week of 12/22/02.)

      -
    • -

      Mass property calculation methods [PDF]

      +

      Formatting output text of results (PRxxxx family of commands) [PDF]

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      -

      This memo covers some ways to determine mass properties of an ANSYS model.

      +

      This memo outlines some of the options available in ANSYS to produce and to format output listings: (1) the use of the /FORMAT statement with the PRxxxx series of commands and (2) the application of *VWRITE to create custom output. This memo outlines some of the options available in ANSYS to produce and to format output listings: (1) the use of the /FORMAT statement with the PRxxxx series of commands and (2) the application of *VWRITE to create custom output.

    • -

      Memory management and configuration [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      -

      Memo on memory management and configuration, especially in conjunction with the PCG solver and options in linear static analyses.

      -
    • -

      Mesh Discretization Error and Criteria for Accuracy of Finite Element Solutions

      -

      Chandresh Shah

      -

      "Any finite element analysis performed by an engineer is subject to several types of errors that can compromise the validity of the results. These errors can be broadly classified under the following categories: 1) user error - incorrect usage of FE software or input by the FE analyst, 2) errors due to assumptions and simplifications used in the model and 3) errors due to insufficient mesh discretization. User errors can be prevented by developing and utilizing a comprehensive pre and post processing checklist and by appropriate training in the basics of finite element analysis and usage of FE software. Errors due to modeling assumptions and simplifications can be alleviated by adding complexity to the model so that it better represents the physics of the problem being analyzed. Errors due to the inadequacy or coarseness of the mesh are often overlooked by the analyst. These errors due to mesh discretization can be fixed by evaluating the quality of the mesh and by developing and utilizing criteria that characterize the accuracy of the FE solution. This paper describes the source of mesh discretization error and presents several criteria that can be used by an FE analyst to evaluate the accuracy of the FE solution."

      -

      [ANSYS 5.7, 2002 Conference]

      -
    • -

      Meshing in Workbench [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "Mechanical users have long enjoyed access to a variety of powerful meshing tools inside of ANSYS to generate high-quality shell, tetrahedral, and swept meshes. During the past several years, meshing in ANSYS Workbench Simulation has not only grown to encompass traditional meshing algorithms in ANSYS but has also developed many features requested by ANSYS users as well as integrated meshing technologies from ANSYS CFX and ANSYS ICEM CFD."

      -
    • -

      Methods for Modeling Bolts in the Bolted Joint

      -

      Jerome Montgomery

      -

      "Modeling bolts for three-dimensional finite element applications have, and still continue to raise questions. The limitations on model size sometimes make modeling of solid bolts impractical. Therefore, many analysts choose other methods to model bolts. Line elements with coupled nodes and line elements with spider beams are a couple of alternative approaches. This paper looks at a few methods for modeling pretension bolted joints using the finite element method (ANSYS 5.7). Pretension is modeled using ANSYS pretension elements (PRETS179) which can be used on solid or line element types. Surface-to-surface contact elements are used to account for varying contact distribution along flanges. Bolt head and nut behavior is modeled by, coupled nodes, beam elements, rigid body elements (RBE3), or solids. Bolt stud is modeled by solid elements, beam elements, pipe elements, or link elements. The choice of line elements versus solid elements is determined by the degree of complexity sought. The pros and cons of different simulations are also discussed."

      +

      Fully Automatic Adaptive Mesh Refinement Integrated into the Solution Process

      +

      Joseph R. Tristano, Zhijan Chen, D. Alfred Hancq, Wa Kwok

      +

      "Finite element analysts and designers need to feel confident in the results of their analyses before sending a product to prototype or production. Mesh discretization can greatly influence the desired results. In this paper we present framework for adaptive mesh refinement to obtain FEA results with a desired accuracy. The process involves adaptively refining the mesh based on solution error norms until the result desired converges to certain accuracy. The adaptive refinement/meshing process must be fully automatic and very robust. We present an exhaustive method to create a fully automatic and integrated process that takes advantage of many of the mesh refinement and mesh optimization algorithms found in literature. The results of the process provide the user with the desired accuracy in the smallest number of iterations possible."

      +

      [Workbench Simulation, version 7.1]

    • -

      Modal Cyclic Symmetry Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]

      +

      Gasket Materials

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Presentation on the gasket materials and companion interface elements, introduced at ANSYS 6.1 (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

      +
    • +

      General ANSYS Tips (5.5)

      +

      Carl Howard (University of Adelaide)

      +

      Where to get help
      +Insufficient disk space
      +Bulk compression mode
      +Choice of solver
      +Element Normals
      +Boolean operations on solid models
      +Meshing
      +Loading an array from a file
      +Using ETABLE and extracting the results to an array
      +Output when using the GUI
      +Generating editable WMF figures

      +
    • +

      Geometrical Aspects of a Hollow-Cathode Magnetron (HCM)

      +

      Zhehui Wang and Samuel A. Cohen

      +

      "A hollow-cathode magnetron (HCM), built by surrounding a planar sputtering-magnetron cathode with a hollow-cathode structure (HCS), is operable at substantially lower pressures than its planar-magnetron counterpart... Detailed magnetic field distribution was calculated using the ANSYS code, and confirmed by Hall probe measurements."

      +
    • +

      HDPUG's Design for Lead-Free Solder Joint Reliability of High-Density Packages

      +

      J. Lau, W. Dauksher, J. Smetana, R. Horsley, D. Shangguan, T. Castello, I. Menis, D. Love, B. Sulliv

      +

      "The lead-free solder-joint reliability of the high-density packages, 256-pin PBGA (plastic ball grid array), 388-pin PBGA, and 1657-pin CCGA (ceramic column grid array), on PCB (printed circuit board) subjected to temperature cycling is investigated. Emphasis is placed on the determination of the creep responses (e.g., stress, strain, and strain energy density) of the lead-free solder joints of these packages. The lead-free solder is assumed to obey the Garofalo-Arrhenius creep constitutive law. The results presented herein should be useful for a better understanding of the thermal-mechanical behaviors of the lead-free solder joints in these high-density package assemblies."

      +
    • +

      High End Workbench Tip

      +

      PADT

      +

      Taken from PADT's SWAU group meeting on performing high-end analyses with Workbench Simulation.

      +
    • +

      Hill's Potential [ZIP]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "At ANSYS 6.0, the modal cyclic symmetry procedure has been significantly improved. New commands, CYCLIC and CYCOPT, replace the older CYCGEN and CYCSOL macros and provide more flexibility and ease-of-use."

      +

      "Anisotropic plasticity using Hill’s yield criterion was introduced in ANSYS 5.7, and the extensions to anisotropic creep and viscoplasticity were added in ANSYS 6.0. While Hill’s stress potential is most commonly used for rolled sheets, it can be used for other situations where three orthogonal planes of symmetry are preserved. This memo will introduce details of the usage of Hill’s potential in ANSYS."
      +(Week 50, week of 08/31/08)

    • -

      Modeling Diesel Engine Cylinder Head Gaskets using the Gasket Material Option of the SOLID185 Element

      -

      Jonathan Raub

      -

      "The modeling of diesel engine cylinder head gasket joints is complicated by the nonlinear response of the head gasket’s materials. Linearization of these material responses can lead to significant errors in the solution’s results. The 1-dimensional nonlinear approximation made by the Gasket material option of the SOLID185 element sufficiently captures the response of the nonlinear gasket materials while maintaining practical solution times for the large model sizes associated with multi-cylinder head gasket joint models. This paper will give an overview of the model building and assembly process used to create a head gasket joint model, describe the nonlinear nature of the materials used in the model, and present comparisons of the model’s results with experimental measurements."

      -

      [STI: There is a gasket-specific material & element in 6.1, not available at the time of the writing]

      +

      History of ANSYS University Support Program

      +

      D.E. Dietrich (Curtiss-Wright Electro-Mechanical Corporation)

      +

      This document describes the history of the ANSYS University Support Program as well as history of ANSYS/ED software.

    • -

      Modeling Viscous Behavior [ZIP]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "Amorphous solids or solids at elevated temperatures may exhibit viscous behavior. It may be difficult for some users to determine how best to model such behavior. This memo hopes to describe some available options in ANSYS and to differentiate between viscoelastic and viscoplastic constitutive models."

      +

      Human Heart Valves. Hyperelastic Material Modeling

      +

      Mihai Stuparu

      +

      "Performing a finite element analysis (FEA) on a hyperelastic material is difficult due to nonlinearity, large deformation, and material instability. This paper provides a brief review of the hyperelastic theory and discusses several important issues that should be addressed when using ANSYS. Analysis on a fatigue specimen is used as an example of one of our product development challenges upon which these issues were illuminated. We believe that a stable material model in combination with a good understanding of structural instability for traditional materials is the key to success in simulating hyperelastic materials using ANSYS."

    • -

      Modeling preloaded bolts [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Modeling preload in bolts via contact offset, thermal contraction, or the new pretension elements PRETS179.
      -PRELOAD1, PRELOAD2, and PRELOAD3 input files

      +

      Hybrid Finite Element - Trefftz Method for Open Boundary Analysis [PDF]

      +

      Miklos Gyimesi, Igor Tsukerman and Doug Lavers

      +

      Presented at MSM 2000. (MEMS)

    • -

      Multi-Criteria Shape Optimization of a Funnel in Cathode Ray Tubes Using Response Surface Model

      -

      Tae Hee Lee, Kwangki Lee, Kwang Soon Lee

      -

      "The ultimate goal of simulation that represents the behaviour of structures is to optimize their response performances within the specific requirements and needs with respect to the design variables. The first step of the design of cathode ray tubes is to design the glass geometry, called funnel geometry, to endure the vacuum stress because it is a main structure of cathode ray tubes. In order to create 3-dimensional funnel geometry in the cathode ray tubes, higher order response surface model is used instead of NURBS (non-uniform rational B-splines) or Bezier curve because it is more robust for understanding the geometry change in finite element analysis. By combining finite element analysis, response surface model and sequential quadratic programming within the process integration framework, the shape optimization of a funnel is successfully performed and the maximum stress is reduced to almost half of the current one."

      +

      Hybrid P-Element and Trefftz Method for Capacitance Computation [PDF]

      +

      Miklos Gyimesi, Jian-She Wang, Dale Ostergaard

      +

      Presented at MSM 2000. (MEMS)

    • -

      Multiframe Restarts [PDF]

      -

      Sean Harvey (CSI)

      -

      Memo covering the multiframe restart capability (RESCON) in ANSYS.
      -Accompanying input file

      +

      Hyper-Elastic Contact Analysis of a Push-Button Diaphragm Seal

      +

      Jeffrey R. Annis

      +

      "Presented is the non-linear finite element analysis of a rubber diaphragm seal utilizied in a pushbutton design. Analysis considerations encompassed, nonlinear hyper-elastic material behavior of the rubber, large deflection analysis of seal complex motion, and contact analysis with mating parts. Design parameters of primary interest were, seal deflection patterns and seal actuation force as a function of travel."

    • -

      Neighborhood-based Element Sizing Control for Finite Element Surface Meshing [PDF]

      -

      Steven Owen, and Sunil Saigal

      -

      "A method is presented for controlling element sizes on the interior of areas during surface meshing. A Delaunay background mesh is defined over which a neighborhood based interpolation scheme is used to interpolate element sizes."

      +

      Hyperelasticity

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Presentation on the various hyperelastic strain energy functions available in ANSYS (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).erel.pdf

    • -

      Nested macros, local parameters, trailing underscores

      -

      Martin Herrenbruck (Technische Universität München)

      -

      "A macro file is a file which contains Ansys commands. If you save your macro in your working directory or in the macro directory (see /PSEARCH command) you just enter the macro name in the command line and all these commands will be executed. You can even nest macros: from your main file you call e.g. zzmacro1 which again calls zzmacro2. The only problem is that a macro could change - and you would probably not notice that - the value of a parameter you are using in your main input file. This will be the case if the same parameter name is used accidentally in both the macro and your main input. Let's see how one can avoid these nasty errors - just click on the link!"

      +

      INTERP.zip

      +

      Vladimir Tkach (NPO Energomash)

      +

      "This example interpolates stress-strain curve by polynomial function - Strain=A1+A2StressA3Stress^2, in temperature area between Proportional, Yield and Ultimate stresses and reads it into ANSYS db-file."

    • -

      Non-Linear Elastic Properties of the Lingual and Facial Tissues Assessed by Indentation Technique: Application to the Biomechanics of Speech Production

      -

      J.M. Gerard, J. Ohayon, V. Luboz, P. Perrier, Y. Paya

      -

      "This paper aims at characterizing the mechanical behavior of two human anatomical structures, namely the tongue and the cheek. For this, an indentation experiment was provided, by measuring the mechanical response of tongue and cheek tissues removed from the fresh cadaver of a 74 year old woman. Non-linear relationships were observed between the force applied to the tissues and the corresponding displacements. To infer the mechanical constitutive laws from these measurements, a finite element (FE) analysis was provided. This analysis aimed at simulating the indentation experiment. An optimization process was used to determine the FE constitutive laws that provided the non-linear force/displacements observed during the indentation experiments. The tongue constitutive law was used for simulations provided by a 3D FE biomechanical model of the human tongue. This dynamical model was designed to study speech production. Given a set of tongue muscular commands, which levels correspond to the force classically measured during speech production, the FE model successfully simulated the main tongue movements observed during speech data."
      -[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 5.7]

      +

      Identification Methodology of Electrical Equivalent Circuit of the Piezoelectric Transformers by FEM

      +

      Pigache François, Nadal Clément

      +

      Methodology using Ansys analyses for the identification of Electrical Equivalent Circuit of piezoelectric transformer. The demonstration is done with typical multilayered Rosen transformer but the method is relevant for any kind of transformer structures.

    • -

      Non-linear Finite Element Modeling of the Titanium Briquettes Hot Extrusion Process

      -

      Alexey I. Borovkov, Denis V. Shevchenko

      -

      "In this paper the mathematical model is developed to perform mathematical simulation of the hot extrusion process. The model makes it possible to observe the influence of various system parameters on the extrusion process. All researches were carried out with the use of the ANSYS 5.6 RFS FE-software system. During the research the modeling and analysis of various events that can be observed (material dead zone appearing, capsule crimping, capsule damage etc.) was successfully carried out. The mathematical model was created on the basis of contact thermo-mechanics relations with physical and geometrical non-linearities."

      +

      Impact Of Ball Via Configurations On Solder Joint Reliability In Tape Based Chip-Scale Packages [PDF]

      +

      Bret Zahn

      +

      "Three-dimensional finite element analysis has been applied to determine the time-dependent solder joint fatigue response of a tape based chip-scale package under accelerated temperature cycling." (Nonlinear, Anand)

    • -

      Nonlinear Contact Analysis Techniques Using ANSYS

      +

      Implicit Creep

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Presentation on various aspects of 17x contact technology (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

      +

      Presentation on implicit creep (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

    • -

      Nonlinear Submodeling [ZIP]

      +

      Improvements to Time-History Postprocessing at 6.0 [PDF]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "Submodeling is often used to efficiently obtain solutions at local areas. Although submodeling may be commonly thought of as being applicable to linear static structural solutions, it can also be applied to nonlinear and transient analyses, as well as other disciplines. This memo hopes to cover the specific case of nonlinear static structural submodeling."
      -(Week 14, week of 01/14/02.)

      +

      "This tips and tricks focuses on improvements at 6.0 on the Time-History postprocessor. (After I did this, I realized that a lot of this was already covered in the 6.0 Update seminar, but, oh well...)"

    • -

      Nonlinear monitoring [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Memo covering the benefits of the jobname.mntr file and the MONITOR command in nonlinear analyses.

      +

      Integrating ANSYS with Modern Numerical Optimization Technologies

      +

      Shen-Yeh Chen

      +

      "Design automation with finite element analysis as a simulation and evaluation tool is becoming more and more desired. The ability to do automatic design iteration has constantly been a popular research and engineering topic. In this article, we will show how Honeywell Engines & Systems took advantage of the flexible environment of ANSYS to achieve this goal." (Optimization, APDL)

    • -

      Numerial Implementation of Multiaxial High-Cycle Fatigue Criterion to Structural Optimization

      -

      Miroslaw Mrzyglód, Andrzej P. Zielinski

      -

      "Modern multiaxial high-cycle fatigue criteria were investigated with respect to their application in structural optimization procedures coupled with finite element codes. As a result of tests carried out for several fatigue criteria, the Dang Van hypothesis was used for the detailed numerical study. A way of respective adapting the high-cycle load history was also suggested. The complete algorithm of the fatigue optimization was illustrated by applying the proposed procedures to vehicle parts which are subject to high-cycle loadings. The finite element code ANSYS was used in the structural modeling."

      -

      [ANSYS Structural, version 8.1]

      +

      Introduction to the Residual Vector Method [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "The residual vector method can improve the accuracy of mode-superposition harmonic response or transient analyses, especially when the high-frequency content of the structure is excited. This memo provides details on how users can take advantage of this analysis technique introduced in ANSYS 11.0."

    • -

      Numerical Simulations of Flat-walled Diffuser Elements for Valveless Micropumps [PDF]

      -

      Anders Olsson, Goran Stemme, and Erik Stemme

      -

      Use of ANSYS/Flotran for analysis of micropump. (MEMS)

      +

      Iterative Determination of Save Working Loads (SWL) for Crawler Cranes

      +

      G. Kolarov, K.-H.Reckziegel, T.Göllnitz

      +

      "A program for the calculation of Save Working Loads (SWL) is introduced. It uses ANSYS and its parametric design language. The models are based on large displacements, small strains and linear-elastic material. The limit state method with partial safety coefficients is applied. For a crawler crane many configurations exist and they have to be calculated for different positions and load cases. Special attention is paid to the overall structural stability of the crane and to the effectiveness of the calculations."

    • -

      Off-Axis Loads Cause Failure of the Distal Radius at Lower Magnitudes than Axial Loads: A Finite Element Analysis

      -

      Karen L. Troy and Mark D. Grabiner

      -

      "Distal radius fractures are among the most common fall-related injuries in older women. Numerous studies have quantified upper extremity fall biomechanics with the goal of identifying possible interventions to reduce the peak force on the wrists, thereby reducing the number of fractures. Fracture initiation depends both on the force applied to the bone and upon the strength of the bone itself; thus, poor bone quality has been implicated as a factor in distal radius fractures. Generally, an intervention to improve bone quality (such as antiresorptive therapy) is considered successful if bone mineral density (BMD) can be increased by 2-4%.
      -Cadaver and finite element studies have previously quantified the force required to cause a distal radius fracture. To date, however, only simple axial loads on the radius have been considered. Because most falls onto the hands result in off-axis loads, we considered the possibility that a combination of loading modes would significantly influence the fracture strength of the distal radius. Here, we used a validated finite element model of the distal radius, scaphoid, and lunate, to explore the effects of loading direction and changes in BMD on predicted fracture strength."
      -[ANSYS Structural, version 10.0]

      +

      LS-DYNA Simulations of Thermal Shock in Solids

      +

      Goran Skoro

      +

      PowerPoint presentation on thermal shock on rod.
      +[ANSYS LS-DYNA, version unspecified]

    • -

      On Stress Analysis For a Hyperelastic Material [PDF]

      -

      Xiao-Yan Gong and Riyand Moe

      -

      Paper using ANSYS 5.5 for characterizing hyperelastic materials with Mooney-Rivlin

      +

      Large-Area, High-Transparency Extraction System for Negative Ions

      +

      B. Heinemann, J. Bucalossi, P. Frank, R. Riedl, A. Simonin, E. Speth, O. Vollmer

      +

      (Thermal analysis)

    • -

      PAC1991_2197.pdf

      -

      -

      PAC1991_2197.pdf

      +

      Legend_Example.zip

      +

      Bob Weathers (Trane)

      +

      Example of customizing legend with annotations. See "Read Me"file for details, along with AVI animation."Essentially, I turn off the legend and write annotations into this area. It gives me considerable control over what appears there. I have also found that I can better communicate results to my customers by, say, having a legend that's reads 1.23 mils rather than 0.123E-02 inches or by referencing drawing and revision numbers, test results, material properties, and so on."
      +"You might need to change some of the character size and line spacing dimensions in the macros. Again, though, they work just fine for my hardware."

    • -

      PDF file summarizing beta contact features at 5.6.1 [PDF]

      +

      License monitoring and reporting [PDF]

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      -

      Presentation on the thermal contact and fluid pressure capabilities of the surface-to-surface contact elements. This was written when these capabilities were beta at 5.6. Thermal capabilites are documented at 5.7.
      -Accompanying thermal contact example and fluid pressure example

      +

      Information on license monitoring and reporting for Elan (ANSYS 5.4-5.6). At 5.7, licensing has reverted back to FlexLM, and this document is not applicable.

    • -

      PDS and Nonlinear Runs [ZIP]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "The Probabilistic Design System (PDS) of ANSYS provides a very powerful tool in understanding the effect of uncertainties in one’s design. The details of PDS are covered in the online help, so this memo will discuss the specific case of setting up serial and parallel PDS runs as well as performing nonlinear analyses with PDS."

      -
    • -

      POW2MAT.zip

      -

      Carl Olsard (noiseboard.com)

      -

      "This is a simple program written in Turbo pascal which I find very useful for converting the output from ANSYS (prvar, prnsol, etc) into columns, while removing the headers at the start and between the page listings. The program is used at a DOS prompt and one types in: pow2mat col filein fileout , where col are the number of columns in the output, filein MUST have an extension .val and fileout WILL have an extension .txt. You do NOT type in the extensions, they are default. For example, you would type pow2mat 7 nodelist nodelist which would extract 7 columns from the file nodelist.val and write a stripped file called nodelist.txt . If you have several files to convert, you can use the DOS FOR command as follows:
      -FOR %I IN (*.val) DO pow2mat 3 %~nI %~nI"

      -
    • -

      PPPL-3321.pdf

      -

      -

      PPPL-3321.pdf

      -
    • -

      PRESSURE_MAC.zip

      -

      Hursha Narayan (Robert Bosch Corporation)

      -

      "I have written a macro that calculates the total force along the three axes from applied pressure. I find this macro to be useful just to make sure that the pressure I'm applying on a curved surface is accurate and also it gives a feel for the mesh discretization where the pressure is applied. The user has to basically identify the elements with a particular magnitude of pressure and save the list file (SFELIS.lis). The macro does everything else automatically. The downside to the macro is:

      -
        -
      1. Right now it only handles 10 node tet elements.
        2. -
      2. The pressure has to be uniform
        -The user will have to modify some of the fields in the macro as well as the c-shell file prescalc."
        3. -
      -
    • -

      PSD Calculation Efficiency [PDF]

      +

      Load vs. displacement control in contact problems [PDF]

      +

      Karen Dhuyvetter (CSI)

      +

      Discussion on load vs. displacement control for contact problems.

      +
    • +

      Local Approximation Estimators For Algebraic Multigrid

      +

      Jan Mandel

      +

      "We are concerned with the development of Algebraic Multigrid (AMG) for symmetric, positive definite linear systems arizing from finite element discretization of elliptic partial differential equations. AMG methods attempt to create coarse levels from the algebraic system automatically, using no or only a minimum of additional information. The basic idea of the multigrid algorithm is that fine level error on which the smoothing process is not effective should be reduced by the coarse correction. Therefore, a-priori estimates of the approximation of fine level functions by coarse level function are important to guide the design of robust AMG methods."

      +
    • +

      Long Parameter and Component Names at 6.0 [ZIP]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "A very common use of PSD analyses is to look at the response of a system under a single base excitation, such as the case with many aerospace and civil applications. The default PSD settings are very general in nature and may consequently be inefficient for such a situation. This memo hopes to outline some ways in which the user may obtain more efficient PSD solutions for the specific instance of single base excitation with relatively flat spectrum (although some techniques may be extrapolated for other cases)."…An older doc I recently reanimated and updated…

      +

      "Starting from version 5.7, strings have been introduced to replace character arrays. Strings allow for up to 128 characters for APDL purposes, instead of the 8-letter limit of character parameters. The /INQUIRE command as well as string manipulation functions (see *GET online help) extend the usefulness of strings to retrieve and manipulate data. *VWRITE has also been enhanced to support C-format statements, useful in writing out long strings."
      +"At 6.0, the 8-character limitation on parameters, components, and /POST26 variables has been removed. Users can now specify up to 32 character for these items, allowing for much more descriptive names. In /POST26, variables can also be referred to by name when plotting or listing."

    • -

      PSD Postprocessing [ZIP]

      +

      Low Creep and Hysteresis Load Cell Based on a Force to Liquid Pressure Transformation

      +

      Robert A.F. Zwijze, Remco J. Wiegerink, Theo S. J. Lammerink, and Miko Elwenspoek

      +

      "Important problems in load cells are creep and hysteresis. Expensive high grade steels are used in order to reduce these effects. In this paper a load cell design based on a force to liquid pressure transformation is presented. The design is insensitive to hysteresis and creep and can be made at very low costs. Analytical, numerical and experimental results are in very close agreement with each other." (FLUID79)

      +
    • +

      Manipulating FE Mesh [ZIP]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "PSD, or random vibration, analyses present some interesting challenges in postprocessing due to the nature of the assumptions related to the analysis. This memo hopes to address some of these items, including evaluation of derived stresses and calculation of response power spectral density."
      -…An older doc I recently reanimated and updated…

      +

      "There are some special situations where a user may be required to generate or manipulate a database consisting mainly of finite element entities without solid model geometry. With some careful planning, dealing with mesh-only databases can prove to be relatively easy.

      +

      Typical situations that may arise include the following:

      +

      Import of mesh from Workbench Simulation or AI*Environment/ICEM CFD
      +Generation of repetitive geometry

      +

      This memo hopes to cover these situations in more detail."

    • -

      PSD Postprocessing of Relative Displacement [ZIP]

      +

      Manual Calculation of Strain Energy Density [ZIP]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "PSD users may wish to determine the relative 1-sigma results between two points. This memo covers three methods to perform this operation, in hopes that it will give users more familiarity with PSD postprocessing in ANSYS."

      +

      "Output of elastic, plastic, and creep strain energy densities (SEND) was introduced in ANSYS 6.0, although this is limited to 18x elements in nonlinear analyses. Users whose models include core elements with plasticity and creep may also wish to obtain these quantities, and this memo hopes to review this procedure."
      +(Week 22, week of 12/22/02.)

    • -

      Parameter Studies For Enhanced Integrity Of Reciprocating Compressor Foundation Blocks

      -

      Jayant S. Mandke, Anthony J. Smalley

      -

      "The model development and analyses of reinforced concrete block used the ANSYS finite element program."

      +

      Mass property calculation methods [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      +

      This memo covers some ways to determine mass properties of an ANSYS model.

    • -

      Parametric Studies in ANSYS [PDF]

      -

      Sean Harvey (CSI)

      -

      Automated parametric studies in ANSYS (generating and using parametric input files).

      +

      Memory management and configuration [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      +

      Memo on memory management and configuration, especially in conjunction with the PCG solver and options in linear static analyses.

    • -

      Patient Specific Spine Models - Development Of A Laboratory Intervertebral Disc For Validation Of The Models

      -

      A. Mohsen, D. J. Siddall, P. Gillespie, S. Julian and M. J. Fagan

      -

      "This research project is aimed at evaluating the feasibility of the modelling technique through the development of an artificial validation spine. The validation spine will be tested under controlled laboratory conditions and the results used to verify those found from analysis of the computer model. The intervertebral disc is the most critical component in the spine. Thus, the initial aim of this research was to develop a representative artificial disc. Concurrent development of a finite element model of the disc permits development theories to be analysed and laboratory results to be verified."

      +

      Mesh Discretization Error and Criteria for Accuracy of Finite Element Solutions

      +

      Chandresh Shah

      +

      "Any finite element analysis performed by an engineer is subject to several types of errors that can compromise the validity of the results. These errors can be broadly classified under the following categories: 1) user error - incorrect usage of FE software or input by the FE analyst, 2) errors due to assumptions and simplifications used in the model and 3) errors due to insufficient mesh discretization. User errors can be prevented by developing and utilizing a comprehensive pre and post processing checklist and by appropriate training in the basics of finite element analysis and usage of FE software. Errors due to modeling assumptions and simplifications can be alleviated by adding complexity to the model so that it better represents the physics of the problem being analyzed. Errors due to the inadequacy or coarseness of the mesh are often overlooked by the analyst. These errors due to mesh discretization can be fixed by evaluating the quality of the mesh and by developing and utilizing criteria that characterize the accuracy of the FE solution. This paper describes the source of mesh discretization error and presents several criteria that can be used by an FE analyst to evaluate the accuracy of the FE solution."

      +

      [ANSYS 5.7, 2002 Conference]

    • -

      Physics first, using ANSYS to define the design: Real-life examples from the automotive supplier company Mannesmann VDO

      -

      Zlatko Penzar

      -

      "In many non-standard engineering development applications it strongly pays off to invest an effort into understanding the physics of the problem prior to undertaking complex numerical simulations. The better the knowledge of the leading physical effects in a complex system, the simpler and more cost-efficient the analytical model can be. Moreover, the understanding of the most important physical driving effects often enables one to build a simplified, closed-form mathematical effective model. Such models usually give insight into the interplay of various parameters governing the physical behavior of the complex system. In this way, a fast pre-optimization of the desired features is often possible. Subsequently, the rich arsenal of ANSYS multiphysics capabilities can be used to refine the judgements and obtain the desired quantitative solutions."

      +

      Meshing in Workbench [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "Mechanical users have long enjoyed access to a variety of powerful meshing tools inside of ANSYS to generate high-quality shell, tetrahedral, and swept meshes. During the past several years, meshing in ANSYS Workbench Simulation has not only grown to encompass traditional meshing algorithms in ANSYS but has also developed many features requested by ANSYS users as well as integrated meshing technologies from ANSYS CFX and ANSYS ICEM CFD."

    • -

      Pilsen00.pdf

      -

      -

      Pilsen00.pdf

      +

      Methods for Modeling Bolts in the Bolted Joint

      +

      Jerome Montgomery

      +

      "Modeling bolts for three-dimensional finite element applications have, and still continue to raise questions. The limitations on model size sometimes make modeling of solid bolts impractical. Therefore, many analysts choose other methods to model bolts. Line elements with coupled nodes and line elements with spider beams are a couple of alternative approaches. This paper looks at a few methods for modeling pretension bolted joints using the finite element method (ANSYS 5.7). Pretension is modeled using ANSYS pretension elements (PRETS179) which can be used on solid or line element types. Surface-to-surface contact elements are used to account for varying contact distribution along flanges. Bolt head and nut behavior is modeled by, coupled nodes, beam elements, rigid body elements (RBE3), or solids. Bolt stud is modeled by solid elements, beam elements, pipe elements, or link elements. The choice of line elements versus solid elements is determined by the degree of complexity sought. The pros and cons of different simulations are also discussed."

    • -

      Plasticity Hardening Rules [ZIP]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "ANSYS has a wide range of constitutive models and element technology available to the user. In this memo, the basics of isotropic and kinematic hardening for plasticity will be discussed, specifically related to proportional/non-proportional, monotonic/cyclic loading, and finite strain applications."

      -
    • -

      Plotting Entities and Graphs in Multiple Windows [PDF]

      -

      David Haberman (CSI)

      -

      ANSYS 5.4 through 5.6 allow users to plot multiple entities (keypoints, lines, areas, volumes, nodes, and elements) in a given window. Prior to ANSYS 5.4, a user was required to plot entities on top of one another, like transparencies. Furthermore, multi-plotting also allows a user to generate graphs. The following memo discusses how the ANSYS multi-plotting feature works.

      -
    • -

      Post Refinement Element Shape Improvement for Quadrilaterial Meshes [PDF]

      -

      Matthew L. Staten and Scott A. Canann

      -

      "This paper presents techniques for improving the quality of quadrilateral meshes after Schneiders' refinement. Improvement techniques use topology and node valence optimization rather than shape metrics. Hence, improvement is computationally inexpensive."

      -
    • -

      Postprocessing Harmonic Results [ZIP]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "In harmonic analyses, due to the fact that results may not be in phase, postprocessing quantities of interest can pose a challenge. Users may need to review non-sinusoidal results, such as equivalent stresses, at different locations, so accounting for phase information may be required.
      -This memo hopes to cover some of the more important points regarding postprocessing structural harmonic analysis results in both the General and Time-History Postprocessors."

      -
    • -

      Predicting Human Thermal Comfort in a Transient Nonuniform Thermal Environment

      -

      J.P. Rugh, R.B. Farrington, D. Bharathan, A. Vlahinos, R. Burke, C. Huizenga, and H. Zhang

      -

      "The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has developed a suite of thermal comfort tools to assist in the development of smaller and more efficient climate control systems in automobiles. These tools, which include a 126-segment sweating manikin, a finite element physiological model of the human body, and a psychological model based on human subject testing, are designed to predict human thermal comfort in transient nonuniform thermal environments such as automobiles. The manikin measures the heat loss from the human body in the vehicle environment and sends the heat flux from each segment to the physiological model. The physiological model predicts the body’s response to the environment, determines 126 segment skin temperatures, sweat rates, and breathing rate, and transmits the data to the manikin. The psychological model uses temperature data from the physiological model to predict the local and global thermal comfort as a function of local skin and core temperatures and their rates of change. Results of initial integration testing show the thermal response of a manikin segment to transient environmental conditions."

      -

      [ANSYS Thermal, version unknown]

      -
    • -

      Pressure Load Macro [ZIP]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "In ANSYS, pressure loading via the SFx family of commands allows users to apply a force per unit area in a direction normal to the surface. Structural surface effect elements SURF153 and SURF154 extend pressure loading capabilities by allowing users to specify normal, tangential, or arbitrary distributed loading. In fact, for an arbitrary ‘distributed loading vector,’ the full or projected area may be used, with or without the tangential component of load. This type of loading can be useful in mimicking a bearing load (include tangential component) or wind loading (no tangential component), to name a couple of examples.
      -"Because of the fact that the vector-type of pressure loading can be based on full or projected area, with or without the tangential component, trying to determine an appropriate value for the loading can be cumbersome. The author has written a simple macro which can be used as an example in utilizing surface effects more effectively by allowing the user to specify the total force instead of pressure – the macro calculates the appropriate pressure value to be applied on the surface effect elements."
      -(Week 27, week of 07/04/04.)

      +

      Micromachined Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Transducers Based On Parylene Diaphragm In Silicon Substrate

      +

      Cheol-Hyun Han and Eun Sok Kim

      +

      "This paper describes the techniques used in fabricating the transducers, their performance characteristics, and finite element analyses (FEA) with ANSYS 5.6. With ANSYS, we have calculated the stress and strain (under a static pressure load) and the dynamic mode shapes over a certain frequency range. Also, with appropriate piezoelectric matrices incorporated into the ANSYS batch model, a piezoelectric coupled-field analysis has been performed." (MEMS)

    • -

      Pressure Mapping Example

      -

      Bob Weathers (Trane)

      -

      An example which demonstrates mapping between dissimilar meshes and element types.

      -

      At the bottom of the macro is an example of how to apply the mapped results from the first model onto the second using a TABLe. The TABLe uses the second model's node numbers (sorted and stored in ascending order) to index into the TABLe. This results in a very efficient way to map boundary conditions that's fast and uses minimum memory.

      +

      Microsystem Design Using Simulator Coupling

      +

      S. Wünsche, C. Clauß, P. Schwarz, F. Winkler

      +

      "A methodology for simulating the performance of complex microsystems using simulator coupling is presented. The technique is based on the coupling of the FEM program ANSYS with the circuit and system simulator SABER."

    • -

      Preventing Rigid-Body Motion in Contact Problems [ZIP]

      +

      Modal Cyclic Symmetry Enhancements at 6.0 [PDF]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "In contact problems run in a static manner, controlling rigid-body motion may sometimes be an issue under the following circumstances: (a) force-controlled systems or (b) multiple bodies with some parts unconstrained."

      -

      "This memo hopes to address some ways of controlling rigid-body motion in contact problems through the use of options available with the surface-to-surface contact elements."

      -
    • -

      Principles of Simulating Contact Between Parts using ANSYS

      -

      David H. Johnson

      -

      "The ANSYS finite element analysis (FEA) program offers a variety of elements designed to treat cases of changing mechanical contact between the parts of an assembly or between different faces of a single part. These elements range from simple, limited idealizations to complex and sophisticated, general purpose algorithms. FEA analysts are frequently faced with modeling situations where changing contact cannot be assumed negligible and ignored. Finding the best choices for contact elements, element options, solver, and solution options can drastically improve the model’s performance and reduce the analyst’s frustration with a contact simulation model."

      +

      "At ANSYS 6.0, the modal cyclic symmetry procedure has been significantly improved. New commands, CYCLIC and CYCOPT, replace the older CYCGEN and CYCSOL macros and provide more flexibility and ease-of-use."

    • -

      QR Damped Modal Analysis [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      -

      Presentation on different damped eigenvalue extraction methods in ANSYS, focusing on the newer QR Damped method.
      -Input files in zip format

      +

      Modeling Approach for CVD-Diamond-based Mechanical Structures [PDF]

      +

      P. Schmid, M. Adamschik, S. Ertl, P. Gluche, and E. Kohn

      +

      Analysis of diamond-based MEMS devices (instead of silicon) with ANSYS.

    • -

      QR Damped and Unsymmetric Stiffness [ZIP]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "There have been significant enhancements to the QR Damped eigenvalue extraction method in the past several releases of ANSYS. At 8.0, the capability of including unsymmetric damping [C] matrix was introduced, along with support of damping defined via the DMPRAT and MDAMP commands.
      -ANSYS 8.1, the material-based constant damping ratio MP,DMPR allowed users to specify constant damping ratios per material ID in mode-superposition harmonic analyses, when used with the QRDAMP eigensolver. With the release of 9.0, QRDAMP also supports unsymmetric stiffness [K] matrix, output of complex eigenvectors, and the use of the PSOLVE command. This memo hopes to cover the use of QR Damped eigenvalue extraction method in friction problems, where an unsymmetric stiffness [K] matrix may be present. An example of this type of problem is brake squeal analyses, where the combination of ANSYS 17x contact elements and the QRDAMP eigensolver provide an easy-to-use, efficient means of determining unstable modes."

      +

      Modeling Diesel Engine Cylinder Head Gaskets using the Gasket Material Option of the SOLID185 Element

      +

      Jonathan Raub

      +

      "The modeling of diesel engine cylinder head gasket joints is complicated by the nonlinear response of the head gasket’s materials. Linearization of these material responses can lead to significant errors in the solution’s results. The 1-dimensional nonlinear approximation made by the Gasket material option of the SOLID185 element sufficiently captures the response of the nonlinear gasket materials while maintaining practical solution times for the large model sizes associated with multi-cylinder head gasket joint models. This paper will give an overview of the model building and assembly process used to create a head gasket joint model, describe the nonlinear nature of the materials used in the model, and present comparisons of the model’s results with experimental measurements."

      +

      [STI: There is a gasket-specific material & element in 6.1, not available at the time of the writing]

    • -

      RDARV_Article1200.pdf

      -

      -

      RDARV_Article1200.pdf

      +

      Modeling MEMS Resonant Devices Over a Broad Temperature Range [PDF]

      +

      Russell DeAnna, Shuvo Roy, Christian A. Zorman, Mehran Mehregany

      +

      (from ANSYS Solutions magazine, volume 1, #2) (MEMS)

    • -

      Radiation article in ANSYS Solutions Magazine [PDF]

      -

      Dave Looman (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Overview of ANSYS's radiation capabilities, including a discussion on the radiosity solution method.

      +

      Modeling Of Aluminum Reduction Cells Using Finite Element Analysis Techniques

      +

      Imad Tabsh, Marc Dupuis

      +

      "This paper summarizes the authors' experience in using FEA to model Hall-Héroult reduction cells. FEA capabilities necessary to adequately simulate thermo-electric, electro-magnetic and stress fields within the cell are identified." (Used ANSYS 4.4A and 5.0)
      +Available is an older, related paper on Thermo-Electric Coupled Field Analysis of Aluminum Reduction Cells Using the ANSYS Parametric Design Language.

    • -

      Radiosity Solver [PDF]

      +

      Modeling Viscous Behavior [ZIP]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Information on radiation capabilities of ANSYS, focusing on the radiosity solution method.
      -Accompanying input files 1, 2, 3 and 4

      +

      "Amorphous solids or solids at elevated temperatures may exhibit viscous behavior. It may be difficult for some users to determine how best to model such behavior. This memo hopes to describe some available options in ANSYS and to differentiate between viscoelastic and viscoplastic constitutive models."

    • -

      Random Vibration Analysis of a Circuit Board [PDF]

      -

      Sean Harvey (CSI)

      -

      Example of random vibration analysis of a circuit board in ANSYS.
      -Input files in zip format

      +

      Modeling an Electrostatically Actuated MEMS Diaphragm Pump

      +

      James Nabity

      +

      The recent advent of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) or micro-devices has generated excitement in many diverse fields. In the area of micro-fluidics liquid pumps are highly desirable for fluid transport and atomization. A recent and popular example of this is the inkjet, which self-aspirates ink from a reservoir and then transports it to a chamber for expulsion as a single droplet during the printing process. Extending this technology to other potential applications requires analytical and computational tools for design. Several computational software packages are commercially available, such as CoventorWareTM, FLUENTTM, and ANSYSTM [1-3], but each is difficult to use and to date only ANSYS has been able to solve this fully coupled multi-physics problem. Thus, simplified analytical models are attractive for preliminary design and analysis. This paper describes a quasi one-dimensional model developed for the design and analysis of an electrostatically actuated diaphragm pump. The attributes and assumptions of this model will be presented. Finally, performance results obtained for a MEMS diaphragm pump will be compared to ANSYS three-dimensional time-accurate results.

    • -

      Reliability Needs

      -

      -

      Overview of Reliability Models and Data Needs

      +

      Modeling of the Piezoelectric Micropump for Improving the Working Parameters [PDF]

      +

      Oana Tatiana Nedelcu, Victor Moagar-Poladian

      +

      A piezo micropump. Used ANSYS for analysis of deflection of pump. (MEMS)

    • -

      Review of Anisotropy, Yield Criteria, Failure Criteria [PDF]

      +

      Modeling preloaded bolts [PDF]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "This memo hopes to serve as a review of the basics of anisotropy, yield criteria, failure criteria, and the ANSYS procedure related to these topics."
      -(Week 15, week of 01/21/02.)

      -
    • -

      S42-2_Dauksher.pdf

      -

      -

      S42-2_Dauksher.pdf

      -
    • -

      SPIE-02-SS-4701-34-horn.pdf

      -

      -

      SPIE-02-SS-4701-34-horn.pdf

      +

      Modeling preload in bolts via contact offset, thermal contraction, or the new pretension elements PRETS179.
      +PRELOAD1, PRELOAD2, and PRELOAD3 input files

    • -

      SPIE-02-SS-4701-36-USDC.pdf

      -

      -

      SPIE-02-SS-4701-36-USDC.pdf

      +

      Modelling and Experimental Investigations on Degradation of Microcomponents in Power Cycling

      +

      M. Thoben, W. Staiger, J. Wilde

      +

      "Thermomechanical damage is one of the principal failure causes of microcomponents and microsystems. Often the basic defect mechanisms are crack initiation and subsequent crack propagation in interfaces or materials. The fatigue behavior of microcomponents can in many cases be described by the Manson-Coffin-Formula. This model is well-suited for comparison of different designs relative to each other but it will fail when a realistic lifetime prognosis is expected. Therefore we worked out a concept which is based on the computation of the strain range distribution in the interconnection by finite elements simulations and subsequent calculation of the cyclic crack propagation rate. Using this method in combination with calibration measurements it is possible to predict the lifetime of electronic assemblies with significantly improved precision compared to the Low-Cycle-Fatigue approaches."

    • -

      SPIE-05_Zensheu-USDC-modeling.pdf

      -

      -

      SPIE-05_Zensheu-USDC-modeling.pdf

      +

      Multi-Criteria Shape Optimization of a Funnel in Cathode Ray Tubes Using Response Surface Model

      +

      Tae Hee Lee, Kwangki Lee, Kwang Soon Lee

      +

      "The ultimate goal of simulation that represents the behaviour of structures is to optimize their response performances within the specific requirements and needs with respect to the design variables. The first step of the design of cathode ray tubes is to design the glass geometry, called funnel geometry, to endure the vacuum stress because it is a main structure of cathode ray tubes. In order to create 3-dimensional funnel geometry in the cathode ray tubes, higher order response surface model is used instead of NURBS (non-uniform rational B-splines) or Bezier curve because it is more robust for understanding the geometry change in finite element analysis. By combining finite element analysis, response surface model and sequential quadratic programming within the process integration framework, the shape optimization of a funnel is successfully performed and the maximum stress is reduced to almost half of the current one."

    • -

      STI0904_USERFC.zip

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "The FC command provides users with the ability to predict first-ply failure using maximum strain, maximum stress, or Tsai-wu failure criteria. In ANSYS 12.0.1, users can also take advantage of the userfc subroutine to define up to nine different criteria.
      -This memo reviews the userfc subroutine, and a sample implementation of the Hashin criterion is included."

      +

      Multiframe Restarts [PDF]

      +

      Sean Harvey (CSI)

      +

      Memo covering the multiframe restart capability (RESCON) in ANSYS.
      +Accompanying input file

    • -

      Save Working Loads

      -

      -

      Iterative Determination of Save Working Loads (SWL) for Crawler Cranes

      +

      Neighborhood-based Element Sizing Control for Finite Element Surface Meshing [PDF]

      +

      Steven Owen, and Sunil Saigal

      +

      "A method is presented for controlling element sizes on the interior of areas during surface meshing. A Delaunay background mesh is defined over which a neighborhood based interpolation scheme is used to interpolate element sizes."

    • -

      Shape Memory Alloy

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Short PDF describing differences between the superelastic and shape memory effect options for Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) material model. Simple input file can be downloaded here.

      +

      Nested macros, local parameters, trailing underscores

      +

      Martin Herrenbruck (Technische Universität München)

      +

      "A macro file is a file which contains Ansys commands. If you save your macro in your working directory or in the macro directory (see /PSEARCH command) you just enter the macro name in the command line and all these commands will be executed. You can even nest macros: from your main file you call e.g. zzmacro1 which again calls zzmacro2. The only problem is that a macro could change - and you would probably not notice that - the value of a parameter you are using in your main input file. This will be the case if the same parameter name is used accidentally in both the macro and your main input. Let's see how one can avoid these nasty errors - just click on the link!"

    • -

      Simulation of Brake Block Induced Corrugation on Railway Wheels

      -

      Ulf Sellgren

      -

      "Railway wheels that are equipped with cast-iron brake blocks generate significantly more rolling noise than wheels with other types of braking devices or block materials. The roughness of the treads on cast-iron block-braked wheels has typically a peak at a wavelength around 6 cm. The complex interaction between quasi-static and dynamic mechanical behavior and thermal, chemical, and metallurgical effects in the block-wheel contact combined with the rolling and sliding situation in the wheel-rail contact has made it difficult to get an understanding of the causes from field measurements. Coupled transient thermal and quasi-static mechanical FE simulations with ANSYS show that thermoelastic instability (TEI) may be a major cause for the roughness initiation."

      +

      Non-Linear Elastic Properties of the Lingual and Facial Tissues Assessed by Indentation Technique: Application to the Biomechanics of Speech Production

      +

      J.M. Gerard, J. Ohayon, V. Luboz, P. Perrier, Y. Paya

      +

      "This paper aims at characterizing the mechanical behavior of two human anatomical structures, namely the tongue and the cheek. For this, an indentation experiment was provided, by measuring the mechanical response of tongue and cheek tissues removed from the fresh cadaver of a 74 year old woman. Non-linear relationships were observed between the force applied to the tissues and the corresponding displacements. To infer the mechanical constitutive laws from these measurements, a finite element (FE) analysis was provided. This analysis aimed at simulating the indentation experiment. An optimization process was used to determine the FE constitutive laws that provided the non-linear force/displacements observed during the indentation experiments. The tongue constitutive law was used for simulations provided by a 3D FE biomechanical model of the human tongue. This dynamical model was designed to study speech production. Given a set of tongue muscular commands, which levels correspond to the force classically measured during speech production, the FE model successfully simulated the main tongue movements observed during speech data."
      +[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 5.7]

    • -

      Simulation of the Retroglossal Fluid-Structure Interaction During Obstructive Sleep Apnea

      -

      Franz Chouly, Annemie Van Hirtum, Pierre-Yves Lagr´ee, Jean-Roch Paoli, Xavier Pelorson, and Yohan P

      -

      "A method for computing the interaction between the airflow and the soft tissue during an Obstructive Apnea is presented. It is based on simplifications of the full continuum formulation (Navier- Stokes and finite elasticity) to ensure computation time compatible with clinical applications. Linear elasticity combined with a precomputation method allows fast prediction of the tissue deformation, while an asymptotic formulation of the full Navier-Stokes equations (Reduced Navier- Stokes/Prandtl equations) has been chosen for the flow. The accuracy of the method has already been assessed experimentally. Then, simulations of the complete collapsus at the retroglossal level in the upper airway have been carried out, on geometries extracted from pre-operative radiographies of two apneic patients. Post-operative geometries have been also used to check qualitatively if the predictions from the simulations are in agreement with the effects of the surgery."
      -[ANSYS Structural, version unspecified]

      +

      Non-linear Finite Element Modeling of the Titanium Briquettes Hot Extrusion Process

      +

      Alexey I. Borovkov, Denis V. Shevchenko

      +

      "In this paper the mathematical model is developed to perform mathematical simulation of the hot extrusion process. The model makes it possible to observe the influence of various system parameters on the extrusion process. All researches were carried out with the use of the ANSYS 5.6 RFS FE-software system. During the research the modeling and analysis of various events that can be observed (material dead zone appearing, capsule crimping, capsule damage etc.) was successfully carried out. The mathematical model was created on the basis of contact thermo-mechanics relations with physical and geometrical non-linearities."

    • -

      Sine sweep simulation [PDF]

      -

      David Haberman (CSI

      -

      Discussion on harmonic sweeps, either via the direct displacement method or the large mass method.
      -Direct displacement method example input file and Large mass method example input file

      +

      Nonlinear Contact Analysis Techniques Using ANSYS

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Presentation on various aspects of 17x contact technology (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

    • -

      Smartsizing: Automatic Boundary Sizing for 2D and 3D meshes [PDF]

      -

      Alexandre L. Cunha, Sunil Saigal, Scott A. Canann

      -

      "We present in this paper a simple technique, called smart sizing, which automatically computes high quality initial element sizing on curves for triangular, quadrilateral and tetrahedral elements."

      +

      Nonlinear Mechanics of Suspension Beams for a Micromachined Gyroscope

      +

      W. O. Davis and A. P. Pisano

      +

      "We present a method for the calculation of the coefficients of cubic stiffening for tether-suspended micromachined systems. The analysis is based on a nonlinear rod theory, and enables the prediction of the maximum achievable motion amplitude prior to the onset of nonlinear behavior. The analysis is applied in detail to a microgyroscope. Comparisons with a finite element model and experimental data are used to validate the analysis, and issues pertaining to the optimal design of the gyroscope's suspension are investigated." (MEMS)

    • -

      SolderTMC.pdf

      -

      -

      SolderTMC.pdf

      +

      Nonlinear Models of Reinforced and Post-tensioned Concrete Beams

      +

      P. Fanning

      +

      "Commercial finite element software generally includes dedicated numerical models for the nonlinear response of concrete under loading. These models usually include a smeared crack analogy to account for the relatively poor tensile strength of concrete, a plasticity algorithm to facilitate concrete crushing in compression regions and a method of specifying the amount, the distribution and the orientation of any internal reinforcement. The numerical model adopted by ANSYS is discussed in this paper. Appropriate numerical modelling strategies are recommended and comparisons with experimental load-deflection responses are discussed for ordinary reinforced concrete beams and post-tensioned concrete T-beams." (Concrete SOLID65)

    • -

      Sparse Solver Improvements [PDF]

      +

      Nonlinear Submodeling [ZIP]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "There have been various sparse solver improvements in each release of ANSYS. This memo hopes to cover some general information on the solvers available in ANSYS as well as performance improvements between ANSYS 5.6 and 6.0 related to linear static analyses."

      +

      "Submodeling is often used to efficiently obtain solutions at local areas. Although submodeling may be commonly thought of as being applicable to linear static structural solutions, it can also be applied to nonlinear and transient analyses, as well as other disciplines. This memo hopes to cover the specific case of nonlinear static structural submodeling."
      +(Week 14, week of 01/14/02.)

    • -

      Spatially-Varying Pressure Loading in Workbench Simulation [ZIP]

      +

      Nonlinear monitoring [PDF]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "Workbench Simulation 11.0 allows users not only to apply constant pressure loads or force vectors per unit area but also to utilize hydrostatic pressure loads and line pressure loads (force per unit length), and these can be defined as a function of time. Moreover, fluid pressures can be mapped from a steady-state or transient ANSYS CFX solution.
      -Despite these options, there may be situations where a user may want to import a predefined, spatially-varying pressure field from an external text file. This can be accomplished through the use of a “Commands” object and APDL tables, which this memo will introduce."
      -(Week 38, week of 07/01/07.)

      -
    • -

      Structural Beam Elements Overview [PDF]

      +

      Memo covering the benefits of the jobname.mntr file and the MONITOR command in nonlinear analyses.

      +
    • +

      Novel Horn Designs for Ultrasonic/Sonic Cleaning Welding, Soldering, Cutting and Drilling

      +

      S. Sherrit, S.A. Askins, M. Gradziol, B.P. Dolgin, X. Bao, Z. Chang, and Y. Bar-Cohen

      +

      "In this paper we will present a variety of novel horn designs, which overcome some of the limitations discussed above. One particular design that has been found to overcome these limitations is the folded horn. In this design the horn elements are folded which reduce the overall length of the resonator (physical length) but maintain or increase the acoustic length. In addition initial experiments indicate that the tip displacement can be further adjusted by phasing the bending displacements and the extensional displacements. The experimental results for a variety of these and other novel horn designs will be presented and compared to the results predicted by theory."
      +[ANSYS Piezoelectric, version unknown]

      +
    • +

      Numerial Implementation of Multiaxial High-Cycle Fatigue Criterion to Structural Optimization

      +

      Miroslaw Mrzyglód, Andrzej P. Zielinski

      +

      "Modern multiaxial high-cycle fatigue criteria were investigated with respect to their application in structural optimization procedures coupled with finite element codes. As a result of tests carried out for several fatigue criteria, the Dang Van hypothesis was used for the detailed numerical study. A way of respective adapting the high-cycle load history was also suggested. The complete algorithm of the fatigue optimization was illustrated by applying the proposed procedures to vehicle parts which are subject to high-cycle loadings. The finite element code ANSYS was used in the structural modeling."

      +

      [ANSYS Structural, version 8.1]

      +
    • +

      Numerical And Analytical Modeling Of The Piezoelectric Transformer And Experimental Verification [PDF]

      +

      S. Hallaert , E. Sarraute and B. Le Pioufle

      +

      Use of ANSYS for modal analysis of miniature piezo transformer. (MEMS)

      +
    • +

      Numerical Modeling for Systematization of Line Heating Process

      +

      Jong-Gye Shin, Won-Don Kim, and Jang-Hyun Lee

      +

      "In this paper, we first propose a conceptual configuration for ship production system of plate forming. It is necessary to integrate lofting and plate forming activities for minimum thermal energy in line heating process. The modeling of heating torch, water cooling, and plate to be formed is proposed for the finite element analysis after the mechanics of line heating is studied. A three-dimensional 8-node solid elements of ANSYS were chosen for analysis."
      +(Thermal-Stress)

      +
    • +

      Numerical Simulations of Flat-walled Diffuser Elements for Valveless Micropumps [PDF]

      +

      Anders Olsson, Goran Stemme, and Erik Stemme

      +

      Use of ANSYS/Flotran for analysis of micropump. (MEMS)

      +
    • +

      Off-Axis Loads Cause Failure of the Distal Radius at Lower Magnitudes than Axial Loads: A Finite Element Analysis

      +

      Karen L. Troy and Mark D. Grabiner

      +

      "Distal radius fractures are among the most common fall-related injuries in older women. Numerous studies have quantified upper extremity fall biomechanics with the goal of identifying possible interventions to reduce the peak force on the wrists, thereby reducing the number of fractures. Fracture initiation depends both on the force applied to the bone and upon the strength of the bone itself; thus, poor bone quality has been implicated as a factor in distal radius fractures. Generally, an intervention to improve bone quality (such as antiresorptive therapy) is considered successful if bone mineral density (BMD) can be increased by 2-4%.
      +Cadaver and finite element studies have previously quantified the force required to cause a distal radius fracture. To date, however, only simple axial loads on the radius have been considered. Because most falls onto the hands result in off-axis loads, we considered the possibility that a combination of loading modes would significantly influence the fracture strength of the distal radius. Here, we used a validated finite element model of the distal radius, scaphoid, and lunate, to explore the effects of loading direction and changes in BMD on predicted fracture strength."
      +[ANSYS Structural, version 10.0]

      +
    • +

      On Stress Analysis For a Hyperelastic Material [PDF]

      +

      Xiao-Yan Gong and Riyand Moe

      +

      Paper using ANSYS 5.5 for characterizing hyperelastic materials with Mooney-Rivlin

      +
    • +

      Optimal Design of Computer Experiments for the Generation of Microsystem Macromodels Using IMSET and Non-Parametric Fitting

      +

      Selden B. Crary, Peter Cousseau, David Armstrong, David M. Woodcock, Olivier Dubochet, Philippe Lerc

      +

      "We present a new and unique software program, IMSET, capable of finding optimal designs for computer experiments. A finite-element simulation of a micro-machined flow sensor was used to illustrate macromodel generation and to compare the quality of the IMSET design with other approaches."

      +
    • +

      Optimization of a Circular Piezoelectric Bimorph for a Micropump Driver

      +

      Christopher J. Morris and Fred K. Forster

      +

      "Piezoelectric bimorph actuation has been successfully used in numerous types of microdevices, most notably micropumps. However, even for the simple case of circular geometry, analytical treatments are severely limited. This study utilized the finite-element method to optimize the deflection of a circular bimorph consisting of a single piezoelectric actuator, bonding material and elastic plate of finite dimensions. Optimum actuator dimensions were determined for given plate dimensions, actuator-to-plate stiffness ratio and bonding layer thickness." (PLANE13)

      +
    • +

      Optimizing Board-level Reliability of an Underfilled, Stacked Chip Scale Package

      +

      Zane E. Johnson, Nathan R. Schneck

      +

      "Previously benchmarked finite-element (FE) models of a stacked chip scale package (CSP) are used to identify optimum underfill material properties under drop-impact and accelerated temperature cycling (ATC) stress conditions. The simulation sets indicate that an underfill having a modulus of 2–6 GPa and CTE of 25 ppm/K maximizes drop life and does no harm to ATC performance for both Sn63Pb37 and SAC305 solder joints. The methodology described can be applied to other package styles, material sets, and stress conditions."

      +
    • +

      Optimum Design of a Ceramic Tensile Creep Specimen Using a Finite Element Method

      +

      Z. Wang, C. K. Chiang, and T. J. Chuang

      +

      "An optimization procedure for designing a ceramic tensile creep specimen to minimize stress concentration is carried out using a finite element method."
      +(Optimization, Creep, Contact)

      +
    • +

      Overview of Reliability Models and Data Needs

      +

      Ahmer Syed

      +

      "Workshop on Modeling and Data Needs for Lead-Free Solders" (Amkor Presentation) Note that FEA pictures in presentation are ANSYS plots - Darveaux's data is based on Anand's Model (TB,ANAND), although ANSYS also allows for use of common creep laws such as hyperbolic sine and power law.

      +
    • +

      PDF file summarizing beta contact features at 5.6.1 [PDF]

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      -

      An overview of beam elements available in ANSYS, including the new BEAM188/189 elements and differences between thin and thick beams.

      +

      Presentation on the thermal contact and fluid pressure capabilities of the surface-to-surface contact elements. This was written when these capabilities were beta at 5.6. Thermal capabilites are documented at 5.7.
      +Accompanying thermal contact example and fluid pressure example

    • -

      Structural Shell Elements Overview [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      -

      Overview of structural shell elements in ANSYS, including differences between thin and thick shells, drilling DOF, etc.

      -
    • -

      Structural Surface Effect Elements Intro [PDF]

      +

      PDS and Nonlinear Runs [ZIP]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Introduction to structural surface effect elements (SURF153/154).
      -BOLTLOAD input file

      -
    • -

      Structural surface Effect Elements, General Overview

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      An overview presentation and example workshop on structural surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed.

      -
    • -

      Subject Specific Finite Element Modelling of the Levator Ani

      -

      Su-Lin Lee1, Ara Darzi, Guang-Zhong Yang

      -

      "Understanding of the dynamic behaviour of the levator ani is important to the assessment of pelvic floor dysfunction. Whilst shape modelling allows the depiction of 3D morphological variation of the levator ani between different patient groups, it is insufficient to determine the underlying behaviour of how the muscle deforms during contraction and strain. The purpose of this study is to perform a subject specific finite element analysis of the levator ani with open access magnetic resonance imaging. The method is based on a Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic model and permits dynamic study of subjects under natural physiological loadings. The value of the proposed modelling framework is demonstrated with dynamic 3D data from nulliparous, female subjects"[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]

      -
    • -

      Super Elastic Alloy Eyeglass Frame Design Using the ANSYS Workbench Environment

      -

      Peter R. Barrett and Patrick Cunningham (CAEAI)

      -

      "Up front analysis at the concept stages of developing a device most often result in reduced time to market and a better more efficient product development cycle. Design Modeler (1) / DesignXplorer (2) and ANSYS Structural’s super-elastic material model (3) are used in this demonstration of a design process for an eyeglass frame. This example provides an illustration of using the parametric functionality of the ANSYS Workbench environment for a highly nonlinear application. The Workbench environment can be used to perform design iterations in conjunction with material laws only available in the standard ANSYS environment. A shape memory superelastic material law was formally included in ANSYS 8.0. The material law captures the super-elastic behavior of Nitinol (4) along with its unique hysteretic response under cyclic loading. In the demonstration, the eyeglass frame is subjected to crushing and cyclic loading events. Geometric design variables are varied in an attempt to increase the frame stiffness yet keep the peak strain levels in the frame below 10% strain, which is a typical elastic limit for Nitinol. The cyclic behavior of the material is also monitored under the design load to evaluate the potential of fatigue failure. The procedure demonstrates the ease in interfacing the suite of Workbench products with geometric, material and contact nonlinear analysis problems."

      -
    • -

      Surface Effect Elements, General Overview

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      An overview presentation and example workshop on generating surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed.

      -
    • -

      T51-01.pdf

      -

      -

      T51-01.pdf

      +

      "The Probabilistic Design System (PDS) of ANSYS provides a very powerful tool in understanding the effect of uncertainties in one’s design. The details of PDS are covered in the online help, so this memo will discuss the specific case of setting up serial and parallel PDS runs as well as performing nonlinear analyses with PDS."

      +
    • +

      POW2MAT.zip

      +

      Carl Olsard (noiseboard.com)

      +

      "This is a simple program written in Turbo pascal which I find very useful for converting the output from ANSYS (prvar, prnsol, etc) into columns, while removing the headers at the start and between the page listings. The program is used at a DOS prompt and one types in: pow2mat col filein fileout , where col are the number of columns in the output, filein MUST have an extension .val and fileout WILL have an extension .txt. You do NOT type in the extensions, they are default. For example, you would type pow2mat 7 nodelist nodelist which would extract 7 columns from the file nodelist.val and write a stripped file called nodelist.txt . If you have several files to convert, you can use the DOS FOR command as follows:
      +FOR %I IN (*.val) DO pow2mat 3 %~nI %~nI"

      +
    • +

      PRESSURE_MAC.zip

      +

      Hursha Narayan (Robert Bosch Corporation)

      +

      "I have written a macro that calculates the total force along the three axes from applied pressure. I find this macro to be useful just to make sure that the pressure I'm applying on a curved surface is accurate and also it gives a feel for the mesh discretization where the pressure is applied. The user has to basically identify the elements with a particular magnitude of pressure and save the list file (SFELIS.lis). The macro does everything else automatically. The downside to the macro is:

      +
        +
      1. Right now it only handles 10 node tet elements.
        2. +
      2. The pressure has to be uniform
        +The user will have to modify some of the fields in the macro as well as the c-shell file prescalc."
        3. +
    • -

      Tabular Boundary Conditions and Function Editor at 6.0 [PDF]

      +

      PSD Calculation Efficiency [PDF]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "This tips and tricks is an introductory memo on the use of tabular and function boundary conditions. The use of the Function Editor is also discussed."

      +

      "A very common use of PSD analyses is to look at the response of a system under a single base excitation, such as the case with many aerospace and civil applications. The default PSD settings are very general in nature and may consequently be inefficient for such a situation. This memo hopes to outline some ways in which the user may obtain more efficient PSD solutions for the specific instance of single base excitation with relatively flat spectrum (although some techniques may be extrapolated for other cases)."…An older doc I recently reanimated and updated…

    • -

      Techniques for Successfully Using ANSYS Contact Elements

      -

      Rich Bothmann

      -

      Presentation from the Midwest ANSYS User Group
      -[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 9.0]

      +

      PSD Postprocessing [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "PSD, or random vibration, analyses present some interesting challenges in postprocessing due to the nature of the assumptions related to the analysis. This memo hopes to address some of these items, including evaluation of derived stresses and calculation of response power spectral density."
      +…An older doc I recently reanimated and updated…

    • -

      Text and compression utilities [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      -

      Memo on text editors which support syntax highlighting, useful in editing input files and/or macros. Also discusses compression utilities to reduce filesize of database and results files. (Also see "bzip2"compression utility, not discussed in memo)

      +

      PSD Postprocessing of Relative Displacement [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "PSD users may wish to determine the relative 1-sigma results between two points. This memo covers three methods to perform this operation, in hopes that it will give users more familiarity with PSD postprocessing in ANSYS."

    • -

      The Building Blocks of Simulation: A New Family of Elements for Stress Analysis

      -

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Presentation on 18x family of elements (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS"seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

      +

      PZT Actuated Micromirror For Nano-Tracking Of Laser Beam For High-Density Optical Data Storage [PDF]

      +

      Youngjoo Yee, Hyo-Jin Nam, See-Hyung Lee, Jong Uk Bu, Young-Sam Jeon, and Seong-Moon Cho

      +

      A piezo-actuated micromirror. Used ANSYS for stress and modal analysis of mirror. (MEMS)

    • -

      The Comparison of Biomechanical Breast Models: Initial Results

      -

      C. Tanner, J.A. Schnabel, A. Castellano Smith, L.I. Sonoda, D.L.G. Hill, D.J. Hawkes, A. Degenhard

      -

      "We present initial results from evaluating the accuracy with which biomechanical breast models based on finite element methods can predict the displacements of tissue within the breast. We investigate the influence of different tissue elasticity values, Poisson’s ratios, boundary conditions, finite element solvers and mesh resolutions on one data set. MR images were acquired before and after compressing a volunteer’s breast gently. These images were aligned using a 3D non-rigid registration algorithm. The boundary conditions (surface displacements) were derived from the result of the non-rigid registration or by assuming no patient motion at the posterior or medial side. Three linear and two non-linear elastic material models were tested."

      +

      Parameter Studies For Enhanced Integrity Of Reciprocating Compressor Foundation Blocks

      +

      Jayant S. Mandke, Anthony J. Smalley

      +

      "The model development and analyses of reinforced concrete block used the ANSYS finite element program."

    • -

      The Control Of The Thermal Environment Of Perimeter Spaces In Buildings To Prevent Cold Drafts

      -

      Yuji Hukushima, Yasuo Utsumi, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Yoshimi Ishikawa, Mitsuo Suzuki, And Tatsuya Yamash

      -

      "This paper is focused on the evaluation of simulation system using the experiment result and the configuration of pericounter which is the part of counter unit setting at bottom of window side with heat panel to avoid the influence of cold draft, utilizing simulation system. The simulation shows similar flow pattern to full scale experiment and consequent simulations indicate that cold draft does not flow into interior zone when the heat generation rate exceeds heat loss from the window in most cases. When the heat generation portion is 75% of heat loss from the window, some cases which have certain configuration of pericounter successfully avoids the influence of draft without fan."

      +

      Parametric Studies in ANSYS [PDF]

      +

      Sean Harvey (CSI)

      +

      Automated parametric studies in ANSYS (generating and using parametric input files).

    • -

      Thermal Surface Effect Elements Intro [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      -

      Introduction to thermal surface effect elements (SURF151/152).

      +

      Patient Specific Spine Models - Development Of A Laboratory Intervertebral Disc For Validation Of The Models

      +

      A. Mohsen, D. J. Siddall, P. Gillespie, S. Julian and M. J. Fagan

      +

      "This research project is aimed at evaluating the feasibility of the modelling technique through the development of an artificial validation spine. The validation spine will be tested under controlled laboratory conditions and the results used to verify those found from analysis of the computer model. The intervertebral disc is the most critical component in the spine. Thus, the initial aim of this research was to develop a representative artificial disc. Concurrent development of a finite element model of the disc permits development theories to be analysed and laboratory results to be verified."

      +
    • +

      Physics first, using ANSYS to define the design: Real-life examples from the automotive supplier company Mannesmann VDO

      +

      Zlatko Penzar

      +

      "In many non-standard engineering development applications it strongly pays off to invest an effort into understanding the physics of the problem prior to undertaking complex numerical simulations. The better the knowledge of the leading physical effects in a complex system, the simpler and more cost-efficient the analytical model can be. Moreover, the understanding of the most important physical driving effects often enables one to build a simplified, closed-form mathematical effective model. Such models usually give insight into the interplay of various parameters governing the physical behavior of the complex system. In this way, a fast pre-optimization of the desired features is often possible. Subsequently, the rich arsenal of ANSYS multiphysics capabilities can be used to refine the judgements and obtain the desired quantitative solutions."

    • -

      Thermal contact overview [PDF]

      -

      Yongyi Zhu (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Presentation on the thermal contact capabilities of the surface-to-surface contact elements, beta at 5.6.
      -Input file for pressure-dependent thermal conductance

      +

      Plastic Deformation and Loss of Joint Force by Creep in High Current Joints

      +

      Josef Kindersberger, Helmut Löbl, Stephan Schoft

      +

      "The mechanical stress distribution in aluminum busbar joints is calculated using the Finite Element Method. Based on the physical fundamentals of creep in aluminum the reduction of the joint force by creep depending on the temperature of the joints as well as on the initial joint force and on the washer is simulated." (Creep)

    • -

      Thermal surface Effect Elements, General Overview

      +

      Plasticity Hardening Rules [ZIP]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      An overview presentation and example workshop on thermal surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed.

      +

      "ANSYS has a wide range of constitutive models and element technology available to the user. In this memo, the basics of isotropic and kinematic hardening for plasticity will be discussed, specifically related to proportional/non-proportional, monotonic/cyclic loading, and finite strain applications."

    • -

      Topology Optimization in ANSYS

      -

      Brian King (IMPACT Engineering Solutions, Inc.)

      -

      Presentation from Midwest ANSYS User Group on Topological Optimization capability in ANSYS and Workbench Simulation.

      +

      Plotting Entities and Graphs in Multiple Windows [PDF]

      +

      David Haberman (CSI)

      +

      ANSYS 5.4 through 5.6 allow users to plot multiple entities (keypoints, lines, areas, volumes, nodes, and elements) in a given window. Prior to ANSYS 5.4, a user was required to plot entities on top of one another, like transparencies. Furthermore, multi-plotting also allows a user to generate graphs. The following memo discusses how the ANSYS multi-plotting feature works.

    • -

      Towards Automated Determination of USERMAT for the Nonlinear Constitutive Behavior of Composites

      -

      J. Michopoulos, P. Mast, R. Badaliance, L. Gause, T. Chwastyk, R. Foerch

      -

      "Recent advances in finite element techniques and design optimization integration technologies along with the parallel hardware and software evolution have directed the CMS group to turn its attention to utilizing "of the shelf"technology of achieving the same goals. Thus, the "Z-mat"and "Z-Optim"packages from Northwest Numerics, Inc., have been utilized to extract the non-linear constitutive response from the available experimental data in an integrated and automated manner and in conjunction with the ANSYS/Mechanical infrastructure. The automation lies on the fact that the process automatically generates the code of a "USERMAT"subroutine that it can be subsequently used with any geometry and loading specification definable within the limits of ANSYS' non-linear element library. The geometry of the single notched specimen of NRL's In Plane has been used for developing and verifying the process."

      +

      Post Refinement Element Shape Improvement for Quadrilaterial Meshes [PDF]

      +

      Matthew L. Staten and Scott A. Canann

      +

      "This paper presents techniques for improving the quality of quadrilateral meshes after Schneiders' refinement. Improvement techniques use topology and node valence optimization rather than shape metrics. Hence, improvement is computationally inexpensive."

    • -

      Transient Behavior of a Polymer Fill Material with Time Dependent Viscoelastic Properties

      -

      John Thompson, Steven Groothuis, Hong Tang, Paul Koeneman

      -

      "In an effort to simplify the implementation of viscoelastic material models into ANSYS, an ANSYS User-Programmable Feature (UsrFictive) has been modified to allow a more practical definition of viscoelastic material parameters. Standard ANSYS input of material data may be based upon temperature. Currently, ANSYS material data may not be a function of any other parameter. Many polymers used in industry are initially liquid and must be “cured” in a manufacturing process. This fact means that the properties will change over time. This application demonstrates one method of implementing a curing process simulation for a viscoelastic polymer."
      -[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 6.?]

      +

      Postprocessing Harmonic Results [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "In harmonic analyses, due to the fact that results may not be in phase, postprocessing quantities of interest can pose a challenge. Users may need to review non-sinusoidal results, such as equivalent stresses, at different locations, so accounting for phase information may be required.
      +This memo hopes to cover some of the more important points regarding postprocessing structural harmonic analysis results in both the General and Time-History Postprocessors."

    • -

      Transient Thermal Analysis of Spot Welding Electrodes

      -

      K. S. Yeung, P. H. Thornton

      -

      "The accurate thermal simulation of a spot welding electrode cap could permit critical design parameters to be identified for improved electrode life. In this study, a parametric model has been developed to predict the transient thermal behavior of a typical spot welding electrode cap. The model employs the technique of conjugate heat transfer analysis to avoid the problem of estimating a value for the heat transfer coefficient that arises with conventional heat transfer analysis."

      +

      Predicting Human Thermal Comfort in a Transient Nonuniform Thermal Environment

      +

      J.P. Rugh, R.B. Farrington, D. Bharathan, A. Vlahinos, R. Burke, C. Huizenga, and H. Zhang

      +

      "The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has developed a suite of thermal comfort tools to assist in the development of smaller and more efficient climate control systems in automobiles. These tools, which include a 126-segment sweating manikin, a finite element physiological model of the human body, and a psychological model based on human subject testing, are designed to predict human thermal comfort in transient nonuniform thermal environments such as automobiles. The manikin measures the heat loss from the human body in the vehicle environment and sends the heat flux from each segment to the physiological model. The physiological model predicts the body’s response to the environment, determines 126 segment skin temperatures, sweat rates, and breathing rate, and transmits the data to the manikin. The psychological model uses temperature data from the physiological model to predict the local and global thermal comfort as a function of local skin and core temperatures and their rates of change. Results of initial integration testing show the thermal response of a manikin segment to transient environmental conditions."

      +

      [ANSYS Thermal, version unknown]

    • -

      Transmission of Mechanical Stresses within the Cytoskeleton of Adherent Cells: a Theoretical Analysis Based on a Multi-Component Cell Model

      -

      Philippe Tracqui and Jacques Ohayon

      -

      "We investigate here the spatial distributions of intracellular stresses when adherent cells are probed by magnetic twisting cytometry. The influence of the cell nucleus stiffness on the simulated nonlinear torque-bead rotation response is analyzed by considering a finite element multi-component cell model in which the cell and its nucleus are considered as different hyperelastic materials. We additionally take into account the mechanical properties of the basal cell cortex, which can be affected by the interaction of the basal cell membrane with the extracellular substrate. In agreement with data obtained on epithelial cells, the simulated behaviour of the cell model relates the hyperelastic response observed at the entire cell scale to the distribution of stresses and strains within the nucleus and the cytoskeleton, up to cell adhesion areas. These results, which indicate how mechanical forces are transmitted at distant points through the cytoskeleton, are compared to recent data imaging the highly localized distribution of intracellular stresses."[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 6.0]

      +

      Pressure Load Macro [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "In ANSYS, pressure loading via the SFx family of commands allows users to apply a force per unit area in a direction normal to the surface. Structural surface effect elements SURF153 and SURF154 extend pressure loading capabilities by allowing users to specify normal, tangential, or arbitrary distributed loading. In fact, for an arbitrary ‘distributed loading vector,’ the full or projected area may be used, with or without the tangential component of load. This type of loading can be useful in mimicking a bearing load (include tangential component) or wind loading (no tangential component), to name a couple of examples.
      +"Because of the fact that the vector-type of pressure loading can be based on full or projected area, with or without the tangential component, trying to determine an appropriate value for the loading can be cumbersome. The author has written a simple macro which can be used as an example in utilizing surface effects more effectively by allowing the user to specify the total force instead of pressure – the macro calculates the appropriate pressure value to be applied on the surface effect elements."
      +(Week 27, week of 07/04/04.)

    • -

      Tu.4.7.4.pdf

      -

      -

      Tu.4.7.4.pdf

      +

      Pressure Mapping Example

      +

      Bob Weathers (Trane)

      +

      An example which demonstrates mapping between dissimilar meshes and element types.

      +

      At the bottom of the macro is an example of how to apply the mapped results from the first model onto the second using a TABLe. The TABLe uses the second model's node numbers (sorted and stored in ascending order) to index into the TABLe. This results in a very efficient way to map boundary conditions that's fast and uses minimum memory.

    • -

      Tunneling-Accelerometer-Paper.pdf

      -

      -

      Tunneling-Accelerometer-Paper.pdf

      +

      Preventing Rigid-Body Motion in Contact Problems [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "In contact problems run in a static manner, controlling rigid-body motion may sometimes be an issue under the following circumstances: (a) force-controlled systems or (b) multiple bodies with some parts unconstrained."

      +

      "This memo hopes to address some ways of controlling rigid-body motion in contact problems through the use of options available with the surface-to-surface contact elements."

    • -

      Understanding Accuracy and Discretization Error in an FEA Model

      -

      Jon Pointer

      -

      "The often-ignored topic of mesh discretization error is examined to identify a simple set of rules that the average user can enlist to determine solution accuracy. The sources of discretization error are explained, tools to quantify it are introduced and an example is given. The purpose is to bring an understanding of these issues and usable tools to the common user who is not proficient in the mathematical basis of FEA."

      -

      [ANSYS 7.1, 2004 Conference]

      +

      Principles of Simulating Contact Between Parts using ANSYS

      +

      David H. Johnson

      +

      "The ANSYS finite element analysis (FEA) program offers a variety of elements designed to treat cases of changing mechanical contact between the parts of an assembly or between different faces of a single part. These elements range from simple, limited idealizations to complex and sophisticated, general purpose algorithms. FEA analysts are frequently faced with modeling situations where changing contact cannot be assumed negligible and ignored. Finding the best choices for contact elements, element options, solver, and solution options can drastically improve the model’s performance and reduce the analyst’s frustration with a contact simulation model."

    • -

      Understanding Lagrange Multipliers [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "Lagrange multipliers are a general term used in different areas of ANSYS, specifically contact and element formulation. This memo hopes to provide the user with a simplified introduction to the most important concepts in using elements with Lagrange multipliers, in hopes that some of the element options and solver selection can be better understood.
      -Currently, at ANSYS 6.0, the node-to-node gap element CONTA178 and the Mixed U-P formulation of the 18x elements (i.e., KEYOPT(6)>0) utilize Lagrange multipliers, so the discussion will focus on these elements."

      +

      Probabilistic Design System (PDS): A Realistic Approach of Finite Element Modelling for Capacitive Micro-machined Ultrasonic Transducers (cMUTS)

      +

      Vamshi Kommareddy, Manoj Kumar, Ying Fan, James Barshinger

      +

      "This paper represents a realistic approach for modeling a cMUT device. CMUTs have become very popular over the last decade because of the comparable bandwidth, sensitivity and dynamic range with its piezoelectric counterparts. The ease of fabrication is an added advantage. Modeling of CMUT is a coupled physics problem, which involves solving Electrostatics-Structural-Fluid interactions simultaneous. Finite Element models of the CMUT are constructed using the commercial code ANSYS (10.0). In the standard approach of modeling, from existing literature assumes deterministic values for design parameters, however fabrication of the device introduces some amount of variation in the design parameters. In this paper, the PDS FEM approach is discussed to account for the variability in fabrication. The results from the PDS approach on the performance characteristics like resonance frequency; collapse voltage and electromechanical coupling coefficient will be discussed."
      +[ANSYS PDS, version 10.0]

    • -

      Understanding the Response Surface Method in DesignXplorer [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "ANSYS DesignXplorer enables the user to perform optimization studies based on multiple objectives, to account for uncertainties in product design and use, and to determine how best to improve product reliability. These tasks are accomplished through the use of response surfaces, and this memo hopes to cover some of the basics of DesignXplorer operation."

      +

      QR Damped Modal Analysis [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      +

      Presentation on different damped eigenvalue extraction methods in ANSYS, focusing on the newer QR Damped method.
      +Input files in zip format

    • -

      Undocumented Hyperelastic Material Models at 5.7-6.1 [ZIP]

      +

      QR Damped and Unsymmetric Stiffness [ZIP]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "From 5.7, the 18x series of elements support a variety of hyperelastic constitutive models, namely general polynomial, Mooney-Rivlin, Neo-Hookean, Arruda-Boyce, and Ogden. Four other models have been included in 5.7 onwards, although these are undocumented options for TB,HYPER. These four models consist of the Yeoh and Gent models for incompressible behavior and the Hyperfoam and Blatz-Ko options for compressible rubbers. This memo hopes to provide a summary of these material models and of the required input."

      +

      "There have been significant enhancements to the QR Damped eigenvalue extraction method in the past several releases of ANSYS. At 8.0, the capability of including unsymmetric damping [C] matrix was introduced, along with support of damping defined via the DMPRAT and MDAMP commands.
      +ANSYS 8.1, the material-based constant damping ratio MP,DMPR allowed users to specify constant damping ratios per material ID in mode-superposition harmonic analyses, when used with the QRDAMP eigensolver. With the release of 9.0, QRDAMP also supports unsymmetric stiffness [K] matrix, output of complex eigenvectors, and the use of the PSOLVE command. This memo hopes to cover the use of QR Damped eigenvalue extraction method in friction problems, where an unsymmetric stiffness [K] matrix may be present. An example of this type of problem is brake squeal analyses, where the combination of ANSYS 17x contact elements and the QRDAMP eigensolver provide an easy-to-use, efficient means of determining unstable modes."

    • -

      Use Of Finite Element Analysis To Simulate The Hyperelastic Behaviour Of Cardiovascular Tissue [PDF]

      -

      S. Daly, P.J. Prendergast, F. Dolan, T.C. Lee

      -

      Examination of Mooney-Rivlin.

      +

      Quality Based Design and Design for Reliability of MEMS Using Probabilistic Methods [PDF]

      +

      Stefan Reh, Paul Lethbridge, Dale Ostergaard

      +

      Presented at MSM 2000. (MEMS)

    • -

      User Implemented Nitinol Material Model in ANSYS

      -

      Peter R. Barrett and Daniel Fridline

      -

      "Nitinol is an acronym for NIckel TItanium Naval Ordinance Laboratory since the alloy was originally developed at the Naval Lab. It is used to describe a family of materials, which contain a nearly equal mixture of nickel and titanium. Nitinol alloys are attractive to the medical device industry because they are biocompatible and when processed correctly, are at their optimum superelastic behavior at body temperature.
      -"Nitinol exhibits a different stress-strain curve for loading and unloading that cannot be modeled with existing material models in ANSYS. This paper describes the implementation of a unique user material model in ANSYS that simulates the nitinol superelastic behavior. Example analyses are provided demonstrating the application of this material model for medical implant devices called stents."[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]
      -Note that TB,SMA allows users to access built-in shape memory alloy constitutive model in ANSYS.

      +

      Quality Based Design from Probabilistic Methods [PDF]

      +

      Stefan Reh, Paul Lethbridge, Dale Ostergaard

      +

      (from ANSYS Solutions magazine, volume 2, #2) (MEMS)

    • -

      User-Defined Creep Laws with USERCREEP [ZIP]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "ANSYS provides 13 creep equations for use with implicit creep – these range from the simple Norton law to the hyperbolic sine form to the Blackburn model to a rational polynomial expression, to name a few – that can be used to model a range of creep behavior for metals. The TBFT command provides curve-fitting functionality for the user wishing to evaluate creep material parameters from test data. Also, the user can model anisotropic creep as well as combine implicit creep with rate-independent plasticity to model a wide range of complex material response.
      -Despite this wealth of features, however, one may wish to incorporate one’s own creep law into ANSYS. For example, a company may have their own creep equation with material parameters already defined and validated through testing. The built-in creep laws in ANSYS assume creep used in design rather than failure analysis, so the available creep laws are meant to model primary and secondary creep – consequently, another need to incorporate a user-defined creep law would arise when a user wants to include tertiary creep and/or to evaluate creep damage.
      -This memo will hope to address some aspects of writing one’s own user-defined creep law with the USERCREEP.F subroutine to address this issue."
      -Example using Anand's model.

      +

      Radiation article in ANSYS Solutions Magazine [PDF]

      +

      Dave Looman (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Overview of ANSYS's radiation capabilities, including a discussion on the radiosity solution method.

    • -

      User-Defined Hyperelasticity with USERHYPER [ZIP]

      +

      Radiosity Solver [PDF]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "User-Programmable Features (UPFs) are an extremely useful feature for analysts that need additional advanced functionality, especially in the area of constitutive modeling.
      -TB,HYPER allows users to include many incompressible and compressible hyperelastic material behavior – Ogden, Arruda-Boyce, Gent, Yeoh, Blatz-Ko are but some of the available models. However, for those wishing to use a customized strain energy function, the USERHYPER.F subroutine is available."

      +

      Information on radiation capabilities of ANSYS, focusing on the radiosity solution method.
      +Accompanying input files 1, 2, 3 and 4

    • -

      User-Defined Output with USEROUT.F [ZIP]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "There are various situations where a user may wish to define specific type of output to postprocess — this can range from simple evaluation of safety factors to more involved damage calculations. While APDL, the ANSYS command language, allows users to manipulate results in any manner one sees fit, user-programmable features (UPFs) also provide a means for users to calculate specific output results efficiently at the solution level."
      -Example of calculating fatigue and Cap (Extended Drucker-Prager) output.

      +

      Random Vibration Analysis of a Circuit Board [PDF]

      +

      Sean Harvey (CSI)

      +

      Example of random vibration analysis of a circuit board in ANSYS.
      +Input files in zip format

    • -

      Using Abbreviations to Customize the Toolbar [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "The ANSYS Toolbar provides a useful means of accessing commonly-used functions, especially for users who use the GUI rather than typing in commands."

      -

      "This memo hopes to provide a brief introduction to the ANSYS Toolbar and, more importantly, how to assign macros or specific dialog boxes to the Toolbar buttons, including Fnc_ UIDL granules or ~eui Tcl/Tk dialog boxes."

      +

      Reduced Order Modeling of Fluid Structural Interactions in MEMS Based on Modal Projection Techniques

      +

      Jan Mehner, Wolfram Doetzel, Bernd Schauwecker, Dale Ostergaard

      +

      This paper provides useful background information on the modal projection technique available in ANSYS with FLUID136 elements (RMFLVEC, DMPRAT, and ABEXTRACT macros). Although the ROM140 element has not been officially released (it is undocumented), this paper introduces that element as well.

    • -

      Using CMS in Workbench Simulation [ZIP]

      +

      Review of Anisotropy, Yield Criteria, Failure Criteria [PDF]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "At Workbench 11.0, the ANSYS Rigid Dynamics add-on module enables users to model complex kinematic assemblies, whereby system-level performance as well as accurate force loading on components can be obtained.
      -Although the parts in the assembly may initially be considered rigid, an interesting, related method is the use of component mode synthesis (CMS) to account for the flexibility of parts. This memo will attempt to cover a way in which users can incorporate CMS in their multibody analyses in Workbench Simulation."
      -[For version 12.0, use supplied "cms_use_v12.mac"instead of "cms_use.mac"- courtesy of D. Creech.]

      +

      "This memo hopes to serve as a review of the basics of anisotropy, yield criteria, failure criteria, and the ANSYS procedure related to these topics."
      +(Week 15, week of 01/21/02.)

    • -

      Using PSOLVE [ZIP]

      +

      STI0904_USERFC.zip

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Although most often used for large-deflection prestressed modal analyses, PSOLVE has other applications which make it attractive to use, especially for large models.

      -

      PSOLVE can be used for the following situations:

      -

      Precise mass calculations
      -Detailed listing of contact pair information
      -Evaluation of tabular boundary conditions and loads

      -

      Since PSOLVE is a partial solution (namely, calculation of element matrices), it is usually much faster than performing an actual solution. Hence, the user may obtain any (or all) of the above three types of information prior to running an actual analysis, which can be a valuable way of verifying model input and settings prior to solution.

      -

      (Week 20, week of 07/14/02.)

      -
    • -

      Using the Radiosity Solver in Workbench Simulation [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Please note that in Workbench Mechanical 12.1, surface-to-surface radiation (using the Radiosity Solution Method) has been introduced in the GUI, so this memo is obsolete if you use version 12.1 and higher.
      -"Radiation can play an important role in heat transfer analyses. In Workbench Simulation 10.0, a “Radiation” load has been added to allow users to account for losses to the surroundings, although this does not include radiation exchange between surfaces.
      -For users wishing to utilize the ANSYS surface-to-surface radiation capabilities, this memo hopes to introduce an easy method to include these effects within Workbench Simulation via Named Selections and Command objects.
      -This type of methodology can be extended to include any other advanced solution feature of ANSYS which the user may wish to incorporate inside of Workbench Simulation."

      +

      "The FC command provides users with the ability to predict first-ply failure using maximum strain, maximum stress, or Tsai-wu failure criteria. In ANSYS 12.0.1, users can also take advantage of the userfc subroutine to define up to nine different criteria.
      +This memo reviews the userfc subroutine, and a sample implementation of the Hashin criterion is included."

    • -

      Using the WB Simulation Remote Solution Manager [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "Workbench Simulation has the ability to allow the user to solve multiple jobs locally or remotely. These capabilities are defined within the "Solution” branch of WB Simulation as well as in the WB Remote Solution Manager.
      -"This memo hopes to introduce this capability, especially with regards to solving multiple jobs locally on a Windows machine."
      -(Week 33, week of 04/02/06.)

      +

      Semiconductor Package Simulations: Assembly, Test, and Reliability [PDF]

      +

      Steven Groothuis

      +

      This is a presentation which demonstrates various types of analyses ANSYS can perform which are applicable to the semiconductor industry.

    • -

      VM256 with Workbench Mechanical

      +

      Shape Memory Alloy

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Created a Workbench 12.0 version of VM256.
      -Useful for users who may wish to get a better understanding of implementing the CINT command inside of Workbench Mechanical for J-integral and stress intensity factor calculations.

      +

      Short PDF describing differences between the superelastic and shape memory effect options for Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) material model. Simple input file can be downloaded here.

    • -

      VM267 with Workbench Mechanical

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Created a Workbench 12.0 version of VM267.
      -Useful for users who may wish to get a better understanding of implementing the CINT command inside of Workbench Mechanical for stress intensity factor calculations.

      +

      Simple APDL Implementation of a 3D FEM Simulator for Mutual Capacitances of Arbitrarily Shaped Objects Like Interconnects [PDF]

      +

      Andreas Hieke

      +

      Alternative download link here or here
      +See other publication by A. Hieke. I can't recall if this or the above article is referenced in ANSYS 5.6 Theory Manual. A variant article "Tiny Devices, Big Problems: Computation of Capacitance in Microelectric Structures" was published in the ANSYS Solutions magazine Vol 2 No 3.

    • -

      Various MEMS Examples Using ANSYS [ZIP]

      -

      (EPFL, The Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne)

      -

      Tutorials on using ANSYS with various MEMS examples. This was originally taken from EPFL's website.

      +

      Simulation of Bellcore Testing of Electronics Cabinets for the Telecommunications Industry [PDF]

      +

      Chris Andersen

      +

      Various Bellcore tests performed with ANSYS.

    • -

      VectorRotation.zip

      -

      Bob Weathers (Trane)

      -

      "These macros rotate a matrix of vectors from one set of Euler angles to another. One macro creates the rotation matrix and a second does the rotation. To test the macros, a pressurized cylinder (or optionally a sphere) is built, meshed, and solved in 6 different coordinate systems. To check accuracy, results are rotated from one CSYS to another by the macros and then compared to ANSYS. Set your text editor's tab stops to 2 for macro readability."

      -

      In the zip file, "zTestRotationVector.mac"is the test model macro, and "zRotateVector.mac"is the main macro to rotate vectors.

      -

      Update 02/07/2009: correction to zRotateVector.mac provided by David Creech.

      +

      Simulation of Brake Block Induced Corrugation on Railway Wheels

      +

      Ulf Sellgren

      +

      "Railway wheels that are equipped with cast-iron brake blocks generate significantly more rolling noise than wheels with other types of braking devices or block materials. The roughness of the treads on cast-iron block-braked wheels has typically a peak at a wavelength around 6 cm. The complex interaction between quasi-static and dynamic mechanical behavior and thermal, chemical, and metallurgical effects in the block-wheel contact combined with the rolling and sliding situation in the wheel-rail contact has made it difficult to get an understanding of the causes from field measurements. Coupled transient thermal and quasi-static mechanical FE simulations with ANSYS show that thermoelastic instability (TEI) may be a major cause for the roughness initiation."

    • -

      Viscoelasticity

      -

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Presentation on the viscoelasticity model, introduced in ANSYS 6.1, available for both hypo- and hyper-elasticity (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS"seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

      +

      Simulation of the Retroglossal Fluid-Structure Interaction During Obstructive Sleep Apnea

      +

      Franz Chouly, Annemie Van Hirtum, Pierre-Yves Lagr´ee, Jean-Roch Paoli, Xavier Pelorson, and Yohan P

      +

      "A method for computing the interaction between the airflow and the soft tissue during an Obstructive Apnea is presented. It is based on simplifications of the full continuum formulation (Navier- Stokes and finite elasticity) to ensure computation time compatible with clinical applications. Linear elasticity combined with a precomputation method allows fast prediction of the tissue deformation, while an asymptotic formulation of the full Navier-Stokes equations (Reduced Navier- Stokes/Prandtl equations) has been chosen for the flow. The accuracy of the method has already been assessed experimentally. Then, simulations of the complete collapsus at the retroglossal level in the upper airway have been carried out, on geometries extracted from pre-operative radiographies of two apneic patients. Post-operative geometries have been also used to check qualitatively if the predictions from the simulations are in agreement with the effects of the surgery."
      +[ANSYS Structural, version unspecified]

    • -

      Viscoelasticity [ZIP]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "Viscoelastic constitutive models allow users to analyze the time-dependent relaxation or creep behavior of materials, including glass, polymers, solid rocket propellants, to name a few. One may view viscoelastic materials as containing an elastic and viscous component, similar to a spring and dashpot in series. This memo will introduce viscoelastic input in ANSYS and as well as cover curve-fitting procedures."

      +

      Sine sweep simulation [PDF]

      +

      David Haberman (CSI

      +

      Discussion on harmonic sweeps, either via the direct displacement method or the large mass method.
      +Direct displacement method example input file and Large mass method example input file

    • -

      Visualizing structural matrices in ANSYS using APDL

      -

      Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "This article presents a method of visualizing structural matrices used in finite-element analysis using ANSYS and the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). The information is intended to provide some insight into the nature of structural matrices used in finite-element codes. Some terms used in sparse-matrix arithmetic are discussed, and methods for calculating certain quantities are provided. A test model is constructed to demonstrate how the stiffness, mass, and damping matrices may be visualized for various systems. The effect of element shape, element type (including superelements), element reordering, and equation reordering on structural matrices is briefly investigated."

      +

      Smartsizing: Automatic Boundary Sizing for 2D and 3D meshes [PDF]

      +

      Alexandre L. Cunha, Sunil Saigal, Scott A. Canann

      +

      "We present in this paper a simple technique, called smart sizing, which automatically computes high quality initial element sizing on curves for triangular, quadrilateral and tetrahedral elements."

    • -

      WEP125G.pdf

      -

      -

      WEP125G.pdf

      +

      Space-Time Finite Element Approximation and Numerical Solution of Hereditary Linear Viscoelasticity Problems

      +

      J. Orlik, A. Ostrovska

      +

      "In this paper we suggest a fast numerical approach to treat problems of the hereditary linear viscoelasticity, which results in the system of elliptic partial differential equations in space variables , who’s coefficients are Volterra integral operators of the second kind in time. We propose to approximate the relaxation kernels by the product of purely time- and space-dependent terms, which is achieved by their piecewisepolynomial space-interpolation. A priori error estimate was obtained and it was shown, that such approximation does not decrease the convergence order, when an interpolation polynomial is chosen of the same order as the shape functions for the spatial finite element approximation, while the computational effort is significantly reduced."
      +[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unknown]

    • -

      Windows file association for ANSYS files [PDF]

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      -

      How to associate database, graphics, and input files with ANSYS under Windows, so one can launch ANSYS more easily without the ANSYS launcher.

      +

      Sparse Solver Improvements [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "There have been various sparse solver improvements in each release of ANSYS. This memo hopes to cover some general information on the solvers available in ANSYS as well as performance improvements between ANSYS 5.6 and 6.0 related to linear static analyses."

    • -

      Workbench XML Material Format

      -

      ANSYS, Inc.

      -

      ANSYS Workbench Engineering Data module (e.g., Workbench Simulation, Workbench FE Modeler) can import/export material data as XML files. These XML files utilize the MatML format, and this zip file contains an example. This can be useful for users wishing to generate their own material libraries in XML format outside of Workbench Engineering Data.

      +

      Spatially-Varying Pressure Loading in Workbench Simulation [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "Workbench Simulation 11.0 allows users not only to apply constant pressure loads or force vectors per unit area but also to utilize hydrostatic pressure loads and line pressure loads (force per unit length), and these can be defined as a function of time. Moreover, fluid pressures can be mapped from a steady-state or transient ANSYS CFX solution.
      +Despite these options, there may be situations where a user may want to import a predefined, spatially-varying pressure field from an external text file. This can be accomplished through the use of a “Commands” object and APDL tables, which this memo will introduce."
      +(Week 38, week of 07/01/07.)

    • -

      acton20080825-condition_number.pdf

      -

      Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "This article presents an overview of the condition number for a matrix and the potential effect of ill conditioning on the solution of a system of linear equations. The information is intended to be general, although specific information relevant to finite-element analysis is also included. Vector and matrix norms are introduced before defining the condition number, and the choice of matrix norm in the calculation of the condition number is discussed. A method of estimating the condition number is also provided, including a sample implementation in the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL)."

      +

      Structural Beam Elements Overview [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      +

      An overview of beam elements available in ANSYS, including the new BEAM188/189 elements and differences between thin and thick beams.

    • -

      ahieke.pdf

      -

      -

      ahieke.pdf

      +

      Structural Shell Elements Overview [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      +

      Overview of structural shell elements in ANSYS, including differences between thin and thick shells, drilling DOF, etc.

    • -

      andersen.pdf

      -

      -

      andersen.pdf

      +

      Structural Surface Effect Elements Intro [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Introduction to structural surface effect elements (SURF153/154).
      +BOLTLOAD input file

    • -

      ansys25b.pdf

      -

      -

      ansys25b.pdf

      +

      Structural and Thermal Analysis of a MEMS Angular Gyroscope

      +

      Chris C. Painter and Andrei M. Shkel

      +

      "This paper describes the structural and thermal modeling of a Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) z-axis angular gyroscope. The gyroscope consists of a oscillating proof mass supported by a suspension made up of six concentric interconnected rings rigidly attached to an anchored frame. The device is capable of measuring angular displacement through precession of the proof mass line of oscillation in the presence of rotation induced Coriolis force. Using a strain energy method,a closed form solution for the effective stiffness of the suspension system is developed, which is confirmed using finite element modeling. A comparative study of the suspension with a commonly used serpentine spring suspension demonstrates that the studied device is robust to thermal fluctuations and residual stresses. A parametric analysis is used to identify an appropriate micromachining technology suitable for the fabrication of the angular gyroscope."

    • -

      ansys_news_1995_3.pdf

      -

      -

      ansys_news_1995_3.pdf

      +

      Structural surface Effect Elements, General Overview

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      An overview presentation and example workshop on structural surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed.

    • -

      ansys_news_1995_4.pdf

      -

      -

      ansys_news_1995_4.pdf

      +

      Subject Specific Finite Element Modelling of the Levator Ani

      +

      Su-Lin Lee1, Ara Darzi, Guang-Zhong Yang

      +

      "Understanding of the dynamic behaviour of the levator ani is important to the assessment of pelvic floor dysfunction. Whilst shape modelling allows the depiction of 3D morphological variation of the levator ani between different patient groups, it is insufficient to determine the underlying behaviour of how the muscle deforms during contraction and strain. The purpose of this study is to perform a subject specific finite element analysis of the levator ani with open access magnetic resonance imaging. The method is based on a Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic model and permits dynamic study of subjects under natural physiological loadings. The value of the proposed modelling framework is demonstrated with dynamic 3D data from nulliparous, female subjects"[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]

    • -

      ansys_news_1996_2.pdf

      -

      -

      ansys_news_1996_2.pdf

      +

      Super Elastic Alloy Eyeglass Frame Design Using the ANSYS Workbench Environment

      +

      Peter R. Barrett and Patrick Cunningham (CAEAI)

      +

      "Up front analysis at the concept stages of developing a device most often result in reduced time to market and a better more efficient product development cycle. Design Modeler (1) / DesignXplorer (2) and ANSYS Structural’s super-elastic material model (3) are used in this demonstration of a design process for an eyeglass frame. This example provides an illustration of using the parametric functionality of the ANSYS Workbench environment for a highly nonlinear application. The Workbench environment can be used to perform design iterations in conjunction with material laws only available in the standard ANSYS environment. A shape memory superelastic material law was formally included in ANSYS 8.0. The material law captures the super-elastic behavior of Nitinol (4) along with its unique hysteretic response under cyclic loading. In the demonstration, the eyeglass frame is subjected to crushing and cyclic loading events. Geometric design variables are varied in an attempt to increase the frame stiffness yet keep the peak strain levels in the frame below 10% strain, which is a typical elastic limit for Nitinol. The cyclic behavior of the material is also monitored under the design load to evaluate the potential of fatigue failure. The procedure demonstrates the ease in interfacing the suite of Workbench products with geometric, material and contact nonlinear analysis problems."

    • -

      ansys_news_1996_3.pdf

      -

      -

      ansys_news_1996_3.pdf

      +

      Surface Effect Elements, General Overview

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      An overview presentation and example workshop on generating surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed.

      +
    • +

      Tabular Boundary Conditions and Function Editor at 6.0 [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "This tips and tricks is an introductory memo on the use of tabular and function boundary conditions. The use of the Function Editor is also discussed."

    • -

      ansys_short_course.pdf

      -

      Tim Langlais (University of Minnesota)

      -

      A short course on ANSYS, using ANSYS 5.4.

      +

      Techniques for Successfully Using ANSYS Contact Elements

      +

      Rich Bothmann

      +

      Presentation from the Midwest ANSYS User Group
      +[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 9.0]

    • -

      ansys_solutions_2002_winter.pdf

      -

      -

      ansys_solutions_2002_winter.pdf

      +

      Text and compression utilities [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      +

      Memo on text editors which support syntax highlighting, useful in editing input files and/or macros. Also discusses compression utilities to reduce filesize of database and results files. (Also see "bzip2"compression utility, not discussed in memo)

    • -

      ansys_solutions_2003_fall.pdf

      -

      -

      ansys_solutions_2003_fall.pdf

      +

      The Building Blocks of Simulation: A New Family of Elements for Stress Analysis

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Presentation on 18x family of elements (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS"seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

    • -

      ansys_solutions_2003_spring.pdf

      -

      -

      ansys_solutions_2003_spring.pdf

      +

      The Comparison of Biomechanical Breast Models: Initial Results

      +

      C. Tanner, J.A. Schnabel, A. Castellano Smith, L.I. Sonoda, D.L.G. Hill, D.J. Hawkes, A. Degenhard

      +

      "We present initial results from evaluating the accuracy with which biomechanical breast models based on finite element methods can predict the displacements of tissue within the breast. We investigate the influence of different tissue elasticity values, Poisson’s ratios, boundary conditions, finite element solvers and mesh resolutions on one data set. MR images were acquired before and after compressing a volunteer’s breast gently. These images were aligned using a 3D non-rigid registration algorithm. The boundary conditions (surface displacements) were derived from the result of the non-rigid registration or by assuming no patient motion at the posterior or medial side. Three linear and two non-linear elastic material models were tested."

    • -

      ansys_solutions_2003_summer.pdf

      -

      -

      ansys_solutions_2003_summer.pdf

      +

      The Control Of The Thermal Environment Of Perimeter Spaces In Buildings To Prevent Cold Drafts

      +

      Yuji Hukushima, Yasuo Utsumi, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Yoshimi Ishikawa, Mitsuo Suzuki, And Tatsuya Yamash

      +

      "This paper is focused on the evaluation of simulation system using the experiment result and the configuration of pericounter which is the part of counter unit setting at bottom of window side with heat panel to avoid the influence of cold draft, utilizing simulation system. The simulation shows similar flow pattern to full scale experiment and consequent simulations indicate that cold draft does not flow into interior zone when the heat generation rate exceeds heat loss from the window in most cases. When the heat generation portion is 75% of heat loss from the window, some cases which have certain configuration of pericounter successfully avoids the influence of draft without fan."

    • -

      antonova-C2.pdf

      -

      -

      antonova-C2.pdf

      +

      The Thermo-Mechanical Stress Issues in a Thermally Enhanced QFP

      +

      Jack G. Hwang, T. J. Huang, and J. J. Lee

      +

      "A finite element model with multiple load steps for different processes is used to predict the stresses in die in a thermally enhanced QFP (HQFP)."

    • -

      asyed_ectc2004_corrected.pdf

      -

      -

      asyed_ectc2004_corrected.pdf

      +

      Thermal Finite Elements Analysis of the BaBar Silicon Vertex Tracker

      +

      D. Barni, D. Giugni, F. Lanni, F. Palombo

      +

      "In this note we present nite elements calculations of the thermal behavior of the BaBar silicon vertex tracker. Layers 1-2, 3 and 5 have been studied. Results show the adequacy of the cooling system in keeping the front-end chips into their optimal working condition. Thermo-mechanical results of layers 1-2 are also presented."

    • -

      barni1.pdf

      -

      -

      barni1.pdf

      +

      Thermal Modeling of the Infrared Reflow Process for Solder Ball Connect (SBC)

      +

      H.V. Mahaney

      +

      "A thermal model of the infrared reflow process has been developed for an FR-4 card populated with an array of Solder Ball Connect (SBC) modules. The analysis of the three-dimensional, transient, finite element model accounts for radiative exchange within the infrared oven and for the heat conduction (nonisotropic) within the modules and card. Transient temperature profiles of selected points and three-dimensional temperature distributions at selected times are presented to describe the primary heat-transport mechanisms. Numerical predictions and empirical data indicate that the SBC modules are relatively isothermal throughout the infrared reflow process. Therefore, every solder ball within the array exhibits a nearly identical thermal profile. This result is fortunate, since the inner solder ball connections cannot be visually inspected. The influence of module spacing and the ability to improve the reflow process by use of a high-emissivity cap coating are demonstrated."

    • -

      batch.zip

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      This is an example of how to drag-and-drop a .db file onto a DOS batch file to initiate an analysis.

      -

      Unzip the file and rename "Run Nonlinear.txt "to Run Nonlinear.bat". Place it on your desktop.

      -

      Place "solve_batch.inp"in your D: drive or edit "Run Nonlinear.bat"to change the location of this APDL input file.

      -

      Drag and drop any .db file containing a ready-to-solve nonlinear analysis onto "Run Nonlinear.bat".

      -

      You will find that the solution will initiate in the same working directory, and you can also track the nonlinear solution graphically as the solution is solving in batch.

      +

      Thermal Stress Analysis of Numi Baffle

      +

      Bob Wands

      +

      (Thermal-stress analysis)

    • -

      benchmark_1.zip

      -

      -

      benchmark_1.zip

      +

      Thermal Surface Effect Elements Intro [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      +

      Introduction to thermal surface effect elements (SURF151/152).

    • -

      bericht92.pdf

      -

      -

      bericht92.pdf

      +

      Thermal contact overview [PDF]

      +

      Yongyi Zhu (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Presentation on the thermal contact capabilities of the surface-to-surface contact elements, beta at 5.6.
      +Input file for pressure-dependent thermal conductance

    • -

      boot.zip

      +

      Thermal surface Effect Elements, General Overview

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Old model originally created back in ANSYS 6.0. Recently tested and seems to solve fine as-is in ANSYS 12.1, so I expect all versions in-between should run fine, too. Hyperelasticity, self-contact, rigid-deformable contact are present. Animation of same model (with finer mesh) is on the gallery page.

      +

      An overview presentation and example workshop on thermal surface effect elements. This is an old presentation I did at ANSYS 5.6.1, so if you use later versions of ANSYS, some of the menus and dialog boxes may have changed.

    • -

      bzahn00.pdf

      -

      -

      bzahn00.pdf

      +

      Thermomechanical Fatigue Failure of Interfaces in Lead-Free Solders

      +

      M¨uge Erinc (Eindhoven University of Technology)

      +

      "The European Union Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE) and Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive (RoHS) banned lead from electronic systems from July 1, 2006 onwards, which has led to much interest in leadfree solders in the past years. Among several lead-free solder alternatives, SnAgCu is a widely accepted replacement due to its better creep-fatigue resistance and microstructural stability. SnAgCu has been extensively studied in the past decade, however, there are still issues to be resolved concerning solder reliability, the underlying mechanisms of thermo-mechanical fatigue failure, fatigue life predictions and the overall effect of decreasing component size, driven by the ongoing miniaturization trend. This thesis aims to scientifically contribute to this subject by a coupled experimental-numerical approach."

    • -

      bzahn_ball_via_fatigue_paper.pdf

      -

      -

      bzahn_ball_via_fatigue_paper.pdf

      +

      Time-Dependent Material Modeling for Finite Element Analyses of Flip Chips

      +

      Frank Feustel, Steffen Wiese, Ekkehard Meusel

      +

      "Finite element analyses (FEA) have established as effective method for reliability assessment of flip chip assemblies. The simulation results are significantly dependent on the selected material models. Regarding flip chip assemblies, this statement mainly applies to the tin lead solder of the flip chip joints and the encapsulant – the so-called underfill.
      +Comprehensive material data of eutectic solder were determined on real flip chip joints by TU Dresden. Based on these data three modeling approaches were evaluated (target platform was the FEA code ANSYS): viscoplasticity (Anand's model), power law creep (with 2 terms) + plasticity, and sinh law creep + plasticity (as user defined model in ANSYS)."

    • -

      cj21-wai.pdf

      -

      -

      cj21-wai.pdf

      +

      Tooling up for Micro Electro Mechanical Systems [PDF]

      +

      Dale Ostergaard

      +

      (from ANSYS Solutions magazine, volume 2, #1) (MEMS)

    • -

      closed_tank.zip

      -

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Comparison of FLUID30 (acoustic fluid element) and FLUID80 (contained fluid element) for sloshing in a tank.

      +

      Topology Optimization in ANSYS

      +

      Brian King (IMPACT Engineering Solutions, Inc.)

      +

      Presentation from Midwest ANSYS User Group on Topological Optimization capability in ANSYS and Workbench Simulation.

    • -

      compressive.pdf

      -

      -

      compressive.pdf

      +

      Towards Automated Determination of USERMAT for the Nonlinear Constitutive Behavior of Composites

      +

      J. Michopoulos, P. Mast, R. Badaliance, L. Gause, T. Chwastyk, R. Foerch

      +

      "Recent advances in finite element techniques and design optimization integration technologies along with the parallel hardware and software evolution have directed the CMS group to turn its attention to utilizing "of the shelf"technology of achieving the same goals. Thus, the "Z-mat"and "Z-Optim"packages from Northwest Numerics, Inc., have been utilized to extract the non-linear constitutive response from the available experimental data in an integrated and automated manner and in conjunction with the ANSYS/Mechanical infrastructure. The automation lies on the fact that the process automatically generates the code of a "USERMAT"subroutine that it can be subsequently used with any geometry and loading specification definable within the limits of ANSYS' non-linear element library. The geometry of the single notched specimen of NRL's In Plane has been used for developing and verifying the process."

    • -

      conflong_hypHyperelasticity

      -

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Presentation on the various hyperelastic strain energy functions available in ANSYS (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS" seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).erel.pdf

      +

      Transient Behavior of a Polymer Fill Material with Time Dependent Viscoelastic Properties

      +

      John Thompson, Steven Groothuis, Hong Tang, Paul Koeneman

      +

      "In an effort to simplify the implementation of viscoelastic material models into ANSYS, an ANSYS User-Programmable Feature (UsrFictive) has been modified to allow a more practical definition of viscoelastic material parameters. Standard ANSYS input of material data may be based upon temperature. Currently, ANSYS material data may not be a function of any other parameter. Many polymers used in industry are initially liquid and must be “cured” in a manufacturing process. This fact means that the properties will change over time. This application demonstrates one method of implementing a curing process simulation for a viscoelastic polymer."
      +[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 6.?]

      +
    • +

      Transient Thermal Analysis of Spot Welding Electrodes

      +

      K. S. Yeung, P. H. Thornton

      +

      "The accurate thermal simulation of a spot welding electrode cap could permit critical design parameters to be identified for improved electrode life. In this study, a parametric model has been developed to predict the transient thermal behavior of a typical spot welding electrode cap. The model employs the technique of conjugate heat transfer analysis to avoid the problem of estimating a value for the heat transfer coefficient that arises with conventional heat transfer analysis."

    • -

      coolingreview.pdf

      -

      -

      coolingreview.pdf

      +

      Transmission of Mechanical Stresses within the Cytoskeleton of Adherent Cells: a Theoretical Analysis Based on a Multi-Component Cell Model

      +

      Philippe Tracqui and Jacques Ohayon

      +

      "We investigate here the spatial distributions of intracellular stresses when adherent cells are probed by magnetic twisting cytometry. The influence of the cell nucleus stiffness on the simulated nonlinear torque-bead rotation response is analyzed by considering a finite element multi-component cell model in which the cell and its nucleus are considered as different hyperelastic materials. We additionally take into account the mechanical properties of the basal cell cortex, which can be affected by the interaction of the basal cell membrane with the extracellular substrate. In agreement with data obtained on epithelial cells, the simulated behaviour of the cell model relates the hyperelastic response observed at the entire cell scale to the distribution of stresses and strains within the nucleus and the cytoskeleton, up to cell adhesion areas. These results, which indicate how mechanical forces are transmitted at distant points through the cytoskeleton, are compared to recent data imaging the highly localized distribution of intracellular stresses."[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 6.0]

    • -

      cpainter_SPIE.pdf

      -

      -

      cpainter_SPIE.pdf

      +

      Underfill Constraint Effects during Thermo-Mechanical Cycling of Flip Chip Solder Joints

      +

      I. Dutta, A. Gopinath, and C. Marshall

      +

      "The presence of an 'underfill' encapsulant between a micro-electronic device and the underlying substrate is known to substantially improve the thermal fatigue life of flip-chip solder joints, primarily due to load-transfer from the solder to the encapsulant. In this study, a new single joint-shear (SJS) test, which allows the measurement of the strain response of an individual solder ball during thermo-mechanical cycling (TMC), has been utilized to investigate the impact of the constraint imposed by the underfill on a solder-joint. Finite element modeling has been utilized to demonstrate that the SJS sample geometry captures most of the deformation characteristics of a flip-chip joint, and to provide insight into the experimental observations."

    • -

      creating Custom Animations [ZIP]

      +

      Understanding Accuracy and Discretization Error in an FEA Model

      +

      Jon Pointer

      +

      "The often-ignored topic of mesh discretization error is examined to identify a simple set of rules that the average user can enlist to determine solution accuracy. The sources of discretization error are explained, tools to quantify it are introduced and an example is given. The purpose is to bring an understanding of these issues and usable tools to the common user who is not proficient in the mathematical basis of FEA."

      +

      [ANSYS 7.1, 2004 Conference]

      +
    • +

      Understanding Lagrange Multipliers [PDF]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      "Animations are quite useful, both in presenting results of an analysis to others as well as obtaining better insight into the complex response of a system. While ANSYS has many built-in animation capabilities, sometimes, it may be necessary to create a macro for a customized animation. This memo covers one method of generating such animations."

      -
    • -

      dakota.zip

      -

      Dave Lindeman (3M)

      -

      "I recently experimented with coupling ANSYS and DAKOTA, and thought the list might be interested in the results. DAKOTA, if you're not familiar with it, is a public-domain optimization code available from Sandia National Laboratories (see http://endo.sandia.gov/DAKOTA/). It has several advanced optimization algorithms (e.g., genetic algorithms), supports discrete variables, and has several other features that make it a nice complement to the optimization and probabilistic design modules within ANSYS. And it's FREE.

      -

      "Anyways, the procedure for using DAKOTA with ANSYS consists of creating a DAKOTA input file (DAKOTA in the attachments) that identifies the design variables, state variables, optimization method, etc. Also, within this file you identify the command to be issued to execute the code you are using to generate the response variables (analysis_driver = 'ansys.prl', in the attached example). To execute ANSYS I use an intermediate Perl script (ansys.prl) that translates the design variable file generated by DAKOTA (parameters_file = 'dakota.dv') into something ANSYS can understand (written out to ansys.dv). The Perl script then executes ANSYS. Note that the Perl script is general purpose -- it should work for any application. The only thing you should need to change is filenames, in particular the name of your ANSYS script (in my example, 'ANSYS'). The ANSYS script reads in the design variable file using /INPUT, performs the analysis, then outputs the result variables to a file (results_file = 'dakota.rv') using *CFOPEN and *VWRITE.

      -

      "To execute the analysis you use (for example) the command line: dakota -i DAKOTA > dakota.log &

      -

      "That's pretty much it. Pretty straightforward once you figure out the DAKOTA input file syntax. The attached example is the simple beam optimization problem used in the ANSYS documentation."

      -
    • -

      demotlbr.zip

      -

      (PADT)

      -

      "To use this demonstration of the ANSYS toolbar capabilities extract these files to your working directory. You must then copy the tlbrlist61.ans file from the ANSYS installation docu/english/tlbrlist61.ans to your working directory. Add DEMO.TLB to the bottom of the file. Run ANSYS and then move the split bar at the bottom up to show the bottom pane where the demo toolbar is embedded."
      -Example showing how to customize the ANSYS 6.1 Toolbar.

      -
    • -

      diemold2001.pdf

      -

      -

      diemold2001.pdf

      -
    • -

      disrpap.pdf

      -

      -

      disrpap.pdf

      -
    • -

      elastdata_Unix.zip

      -

      Hursha Narayan (Robert Bosch Corporation)

      -

      Macro for a fully automated procedure for calculating M-R coefficients from Test Data
      -"I have developed a macro that fully automates the importing of elastomer test data into ANSYS and calculate the Mooney-Rivlin coefficients. The macro uses Lagrange interpolation technique to calculate the stress data at equal intervals of strain. This can then be read into an array in ANSYS to evaluate the M-R coeffs. I'm sending you Windows and Unix version of the macro. The difference between the two versions are in the awk and script files that I use to manipulate data. The user needs to go through all the files just to change the directories where the files will be located and accessed. The files reformat(Unix) and reformat.csh(windows) should have rwx permissions. The reformat.csh used in windows can be converted to a batch file. Awk utility should be available under windows. The procedure expects Simple Tension, Planar Tension and Biaxial Extension data to be available."

      -
    • -

      erfurt02new_detector-reprint.pdf

      -

      -

      erfurt02new_detector-reprint.pdf

      -
    • -

      expansion.pdf

      +

      "Lagrange multipliers are a general term used in different areas of ANSYS, specifically contact and element formulation. This memo hopes to provide the user with a simplified introduction to the most important concepts in using elements with Lagrange multipliers, in hopes that some of the element options and solver selection can be better understood.
      +Currently, at ANSYS 6.0, the node-to-node gap element CONTA178 and the Mixed U-P formulation of the 18x elements (i.e., KEYOPT(6)>0) utilize Lagrange multipliers, so the discussion will focus on these elements."

      +
    • +

      Understanding the Response Surface Method in DesignXplorer [PDF]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      This is a description of an ANSYS Workbench 13.0 project and the use of the HSFLD242 (hydrostatic fluid) element. It is a fictitious model of the expansion of a tire and subsequent displacement-loading to a rigid surface (e.g., ground).

      +

      "ANSYS DesignXplorer enables the user to perform optimization studies based on multiple objectives, to account for uncertainties in product design and use, and to determine how best to improve product reliability. These tasks are accomplished through the use of response surfaces, and this memo hopes to cover some of the basics of DesignXplorer operation."

    • -

      fiber_concrete.pdf

      -

      -

      fiber_concrete.pdf

      +

      Undocumented Hyperelastic Material Models at 5.7-6.1 [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "From 5.7, the 18x series of elements support a variety of hyperelastic constitutive models, namely general polynomial, Mooney-Rivlin, Neo-Hookean, Arruda-Boyce, and Ogden. Four other models have been included in 5.7 onwards, although these are undocumented options for TB,HYPER. These four models consist of the Yeoh and Gent models for incompressible behavior and the Hyperfoam and Blatz-Ko options for compressible rubbers. This memo hopes to provide a summary of these material models and of the required input."

    • -

      fsi-ansys.pdf

      -

      -

      fsi-ansys.pdf

      +

      Use Of Finite Element Analysis To Simulate The Hyperelastic Behaviour Of Cardiovascular Tissue [PDF]

      +

      S. Daly, P.J. Prendergast, F. Dolan, T.C. Lee

      +

      Examination of Mooney-Rivlin.

    • -

      groothuis.pdf

      -

      -

      groothuis.pdf

      +

      User Implemented Nitinol Material Model in ANSYS

      +

      Peter R. Barrett and Daniel Fridline

      +

      "Nitinol is an acronym for NIckel TItanium Naval Ordinance Laboratory since the alloy was originally developed at the Naval Lab. It is used to describe a family of materials, which contain a nearly equal mixture of nickel and titanium. Nitinol alloys are attractive to the medical device industry because they are biocompatible and when processed correctly, are at their optimum superelastic behavior at body temperature.
      +"Nitinol exhibits a different stress-strain curve for loading and unloading that cannot be modeled with existing material models in ANSYS. This paper describes the implementation of a unique user material model in ANSYS that simulates the nitinol superelastic behavior. Example analyses are provided demonstrating the application of this material model for medical implant devices called stents."[ANSYS Nonlinear, version unspecified]
      +Note that TB,SMA allows users to access built-in shape memory alloy constitutive model in ANSYS.

      +
    • +

      User-Defined Creep Laws with USERCREEP [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "ANSYS provides 13 creep equations for use with implicit creep – these range from the simple Norton law to the hyperbolic sine form to the Blackburn model to a rational polynomial expression, to name a few – that can be used to model a range of creep behavior for metals. The TBFT command provides curve-fitting functionality for the user wishing to evaluate creep material parameters from test data. Also, the user can model anisotropic creep as well as combine implicit creep with rate-independent plasticity to model a wide range of complex material response.
      +Despite this wealth of features, however, one may wish to incorporate one’s own creep law into ANSYS. For example, a company may have their own creep equation with material parameters already defined and validated through testing. The built-in creep laws in ANSYS assume creep used in design rather than failure analysis, so the available creep laws are meant to model primary and secondary creep – consequently, another need to incorporate a user-defined creep law would arise when a user wants to include tertiary creep and/or to evaluate creep damage.
      +This memo will hope to address some aspects of writing one’s own user-defined creep law with the USERCREEP.F subroutine to address this issue."
      +Example using Anand's model.

      +
    • +

      User-Defined Hyperelasticity with USERHYPER [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "User-Programmable Features (UPFs) are an extremely useful feature for analysts that need additional advanced functionality, especially in the area of constitutive modeling.
      +TB,HYPER allows users to include many incompressible and compressible hyperelastic material behavior – Ogden, Arruda-Boyce, Gent, Yeoh, Blatz-Ko are but some of the available models. However, for those wishing to use a customized strain energy function, the USERHYPER.F subroutine is available."

      +
    • +

      User-Defined Output with USEROUT.F [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "There are various situations where a user may wish to define specific type of output to postprocess — this can range from simple evaluation of safety factors to more involved damage calculations. While APDL, the ANSYS command language, allows users to manipulate results in any manner one sees fit, user-programmable features (UPFs) also provide a means for users to calculate specific output results efficiently at the solution level."
      +Example of calculating fatigue and Cap (Extended Drucker-Prager) output.

    • -

      grph2svg.zip

      +

      Using Abbreviations to Customize the Toolbar [PDF]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      This is a quick hack I did to generate SVG files from within ANSYS. There are 3 macros contained in the zip file: GRPH2SVG.MAC is the main one, and the other two are called by GRPH2SVG.

      -

      The macro redirects the plot to an ANSYS Graphics file "stiplot.grph". Then, the macro parses through the GRPH file and generates an SVG file called "stiplot.svg". You can change the font, font size, etc. as you see fit from within the macro. (For details on the contents of the GRPH file, refer to the ANSYS Programmer's Guide for details.)

      -

      Because this parses the GRPH file from within ANSYS, it is slow for complex plots, so I recommend using it only for XY plots — this is only meant to serve as an example of what can be done with APDL and reading the GRPH file contents. Also, I did not bother including support for raster graphics - this macro only supports vector graphics. (If you want raster graphics, use of PNG is better. SVG is really a vector graphics implementation.)

      -

      If you're running Firefox, or if you use Internet Explorer and have the Adobe SVG Viewer Plug-in, you can see a sample contour plot and sample XY plot generated from this macro.

      -

      Because this was created by hand, there may be mistakes - you can let me know if you encounter any. Otherwise, instead of using this macro, you can create an EPS file and use your favorite illustration software to convert it to an SVG file.

      +

      "The ANSYS Toolbar provides a useful means of accessing commonly-used functions, especially for users who use the GUI rather than typing in commands."

      +

      "This memo hopes to provide a brief introduction to the ANSYS Toolbar and, more importantly, how to assign macros or specific dialog boxes to the Toolbar buttons, including Fnc_ UIDL granules or ~eui Tcl/Tk dialog boxes."

    • -

      harmonic_and_random.zip

      +

      Using CMS in Workbench Simulation [ZIP]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      This zip file contains a simple example - single input PSD table for base excitation of a fictitious structure - run as both random vibration and harmonic response analyses. The user can review the contents of the two input files and see how one can relate harmonic analyses (the transfer function) to the response PSD in random vibration analyses. (Actually, one can also look it up in any dynamics textbook, but this just shows how one can do it in ANSYS.)

      -

      (See also TFUN undocumented command to get the transfer function after a random vibration analysis.)

      +

      "At Workbench 11.0, the ANSYS Rigid Dynamics add-on module enables users to model complex kinematic assemblies, whereby system-level performance as well as accurate force loading on components can be obtained.
      +Although the parts in the assembly may initially be considered rigid, an interesting, related method is the use of component mode synthesis (CMS) to account for the flexibility of parts. This memo will attempt to cover a way in which users can incorporate CMS in their multibody analyses in Workbench Simulation."
      +[For version 12.0, use supplied "cms_use_v12.mac"instead of "cms_use.mac"- courtesy of D. Creech.]

    • -

      harmonic_cms.zip

      +

      Using PSOLVE [ZIP]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Simple beam example showing procedure for using CMS (component mode synthesis). Same results for the full model (no CMS) and the CMS model.

      -
    • -

      hyper_elasticcity_curvefitting.pdf

      -

      -

      hyper_elasticcity_curvefitting.pdf

      -
    • -

      ibmrd3705C.pdf

      -

      -

      ibmrd3705C.pdf

      -
    • -

      ibmrd3705E.pdf

      -

      -

      ibmrd3705E.pdf

      +

      Although most often used for large-deflection prestressed modal analyses, PSOLVE has other applications which make it attractive to use, especially for large models.

      +

      PSOLVE can be used for the following situations:

      +

      Precise mass calculations
      +Detailed listing of contact pair information
      +Evaluation of tabular boundary conditions and loads

      +

      Since PSOLVE is a partial solution (namely, calculation of element matrices), it is usually much faster than performing an actual solution. Hence, the user may obtain any (or all) of the above three types of information prior to running an actual analysis, which can be a valuable way of verifying model input and settings prior to solution.

      +

      (Week 20, week of 07/14/02.)

      +
    • +

      Using a Heat Transfer Analogy to Solve for Squeeze Film Damping and Stiffness Coefficients in MEMS Structures

      +

      Dale Ostergaard, Jan Mehner

      +

      This paper provides background information on using a heat transfer analogy to solve the Reynolds equation (squeeze film damping). Although ANSYS now has FLUID136 and FLUID138 to solve such problems, this paper can be useful in gaining a better understanding of these types of analyses.

      +
    • +

      Using the Radiosity Solver in Workbench Simulation [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Please note that in Workbench Mechanical 12.1, surface-to-surface radiation (using the Radiosity Solution Method) has been introduced in the GUI, so this memo is obsolete if you use version 12.1 and higher.
      +"Radiation can play an important role in heat transfer analyses. In Workbench Simulation 10.0, a “Radiation” load has been added to allow users to account for losses to the surroundings, although this does not include radiation exchange between surfaces.
      +For users wishing to utilize the ANSYS surface-to-surface radiation capabilities, this memo hopes to introduce an easy method to include these effects within Workbench Simulation via Named Selections and Command objects.
      +This type of methodology can be extended to include any other advanced solution feature of ANSYS which the user may wish to incorporate inside of Workbench Simulation."

    • -

      icpkg.zip

      -

      Steve Groothuis (Micron Technology, Inc.)

      -

      "An example of IC package assembly using element birth and death - a simple 5-step die attach, injection molding, and cool-down processes during IC packaging. (compliments to Bill Bulat on concept)"
      -Unzip the file and read in "icpkg.inp".

      +

      Using the WB Simulation Remote Solution Manager [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "Workbench Simulation has the ability to allow the user to solve multiple jobs locally or remotely. These capabilities are defined within the "Solution” branch of WB Simulation as well as in the WB Remote Solution Manager.
      +"This memo hopes to introduce this capability, especially with regards to solving multiple jobs locally on a Windows machine."
      +(Week 33, week of 04/02/06.)

    • -

      impedance.zip

      +

      VM256 with Workbench Mechanical

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Example of the use of complex impedance at a surface, which is a new feature in version 13.0 (for 3D FLUID30, FLUID220, FLUID221 acoustic elements). This is a radiating monopole source. Comparison with infinite FLUID130 shows same results with appropriate value of SF,,IMPD defined.

      +

      Created a Workbench 12.0 version of VM256.
      +Useful for users who may wish to get a better understanding of implementing the CINT command inside of Workbench Mechanical for J-integral and stress intensity factor calculations.

    • -

      inistate.zip

      +

      VM267 with Workbench Mechanical

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      This is a very simple example using Workbench Mechanical 12.0.1 to demonstrate use of the INISTATE command in defining initial stress.
      -Open Workbench 12.0.1 (or 12.1) and use "File > Restore Archive ..."and select the zip file to open the model. Solving should take less than a minute.
      -The model is a simple bar. The first analysis branch has 10e3 psi initial stress only in the x-direction. Notice that the block is free to expand - it only has symmetry boundary conditions. The final results show basically zero stress and displacement of -8.1455e-4 inches. Since initial stress is 10e3 and elastic modulus is 29e6 with a length of 2.3622 inches:
      -10e3 / 29e6 * 2.3622 = 8.1455e-4
      -which is the same answer as given by ANSYS.

      -

      The second analysis branch also has 10e3 psi initial stress only in x-direction. However, there is a Frictionless Support preventing the block from expanding. Final results show displacement basically of zero, and stress of 10e3 psi. This is because the initial stress cannot relax due to the boundary conditions, so the final stress = initial stress in this particular case.

      -
    • -

      instantaneous_secant_TCE.zip

      -

      Bill Bulat (CSI)

      -

      Macro to convert instantaneous thermal coefficients of expansion to secant values, with example input file. (This is a zipped file)

      -
    • -

      jhs.pdf

      -

      -

      jhs.pdf

      -
    • -

      jm0323.pdf

      -

      -

      jm0323.pdf

      -
    • -

      kyshen.pdf

      -

      -

      kyshen.pdf

      -
    • -

      large_area_heinemann.pdf

      -

      -

      large_area_heinemann.pdf

      -
    • -

      lau.pdf

      -

      -

      lau.pdf

      -
    • -

      limit_load.pdf

      -

      -

      limit_load.pdf

      -
    • -

      marval_inzen_mech2007.pdf

      -

      -

      marval_inzen_mech2007.pdf

      -
    • -

      mat2001_I1.pdf

      -

      -

      mat2001_I1.pdf

      -
    • -

      matlab.zip

      -

      Rick Morgans (Adelaide University)

      -

      "On this subject, I've been meaning to post these for ages -> we've been using these macros to transfer variables between ansys and matlab for yonks. They write and read variables from ansys and matlab -> you can check them out to see how they do it (i.e. I cant remember off of the top of my head) -> I think they write out a format header then write the rest of the variable as a single column.

      -

      varread.m
      -read variable into matlab

      -

      varread.mac
      -read variable into ansys

      -

      varreadc.m
      -read 2 column ansys variable into matlab as a complex variable

      -

      varreadcp.m
      -read "packed"2 column variable into matlab as complex variable

      -

      varreadp.m
      -read "packed"variable into matlab

      -

      varreadp.mac
      -read "packed"variable into ansys

      -

      varwrite.m
      -write a variable from matlab

      -

      varwrite.mac
      -write a variable from ansys

      -

      varwritep.mac
      -write a variable from ansys in "packed"format using a vmask"

      -
    • -

      mems-thermal-analogy-fsi-damping.pdf

      -

      -

      mems-thermal-analogy-fsi-damping.pdf

      -
    • -

      mems_1_of_3.pdf

      -

      -

      mems_1_of_3.pdf

      -
    • -

      mems_2_of_3.pdf

      -

      -

      mems_2_of_3.pdf

      -
    • -

      mems_3_of_3.pdf

      -

      -

      mems_3_of_3.pdf

      -
    • -

      memsissue1.pdf

      -

      -

      memsissue1.pdf

      -
    • -

      memsissue2.pdf

      -

      -

      memsissue2.pdf

      -
    • -

      memsissue3.pdf

      -

      -

      memsissue3.pdf

      -
    • -

      memsissue4.pdf

      -

      -

      memsissue4.pdf

      -
    • -

      micro3.pdf

      -

      -

      micro3.pdf

      -
    • -

      muffler.zip

      +

      Created a Workbench 12.0 version of VM267.
      +Useful for users who may wish to get a better understanding of implementing the CINT command inside of Workbench Mechanical for stress intensity factor calculations.

      +
    • +

      Various MEMS Examples Using ANSYS [ZIP]

      +

      (EPFL, The Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne)

      +

      Tutorials on using ANSYS with various MEMS examples. This was originally taken from EPFL's website.

      +
    • +

      VectorRotation.zip

      +

      Bob Weathers (Trane)

      +

      "These macros rotate a matrix of vectors from one set of Euler angles to another. One macro creates the rotation matrix and a second does the rotation. To test the macros, a pressurized cylinder (or optionally a sphere) is built, meshed, and solved in 6 different coordinate systems. To check accuracy, results are rotated from one CSYS to another by the macros and then compared to ANSYS. Set your text editor's tab stops to 2 for macro readability."

      +

      In the zip file, "zTestRotationVector.mac"is the test model macro, and "zRotateVector.mac"is the main macro to rotate vectors.

      +

      Update 02/07/2009: correction to zRotateVector.mac provided by David Creech.

      +
    • +

      Vibration Prediction in Switched Reluctance Motors With Transfer Function Identification From Shaker and Force Hammer Tests

      +

      Zhangjun Tang, Pragasen Pillay, and Avoki M. Omekanda

      +

      "A vibration prediction model for the switched reluctance motor is constructed in this paper. Shaker and force hammer tests for vibration measurement are used for measuring crucial parameters like modal frequency and damping ratio for the transfer function. A detailed lookup table of normal force versus phase current and rotor angle is constructed based on finite-element calculations. The model is then verified by experiments, with acceptable accuracy."
      +[ANSYS Low-Frequency Electromagnetics, version unspecified]

      +
    • +

      Viscoelastic Properties of Filled Rubber. Experimental Observations and Material Modelling

      +

      Bohdana Marvalova

      +

      "The paper presents an application of a phenomenological material model for a viscoelastic stress response at large strains. The model is used for the simulation of carbon-black filled rubber in monotonic and cyclic deformation processes under isothermal conditions. The material stress response is decomposed into two constitutive parts which act in parallel: an elastic equilibrium stress response and a rate-dependent viscoelastic overstress response. The response of a particular filled rubber in the cyclic and relaxation tests was measured experimentally. The parameters of the constitutive functions are determined from the experimental data by an identification process employing nonlinear optimization methods. The paper concludes with a simulation by FEM of the cyclic loading of a simple rubber specimen."
      +[ANSYS Nonlinear, version 10]

      +
    • +

      Viscoelasticity

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Presentation on the viscoelasticity model, introduced in ANSYS 6.1, available for both hypo- and hyper-elasticity (part of the "Advanced Analysis with ANSYS"seminar during the 2002 User's Conference).

      +
    • +

      Viscoelasticity [ZIP]

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      This memo provides basic instruction on performing acoustic analyses in Workbench Mechanical 14.0. An example of calculation of transmission loss in a muffler is demonstrated.

      +

      "Viscoelastic constitutive models allow users to analyze the time-dependent relaxation or creep behavior of materials, including glass, polymers, solid rocket propellants, to name a few. One may view viscoelastic materials as containing an elastic and viscous component, similar to a spring and dashpot in series. This memo will introduce viscoelastic input in ANSYS and as well as cover curve-fitting procedures."

      +
    • +

      Visualizing structural matrices in ANSYS using APDL

      +

      Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "This article presents a method of visualizing structural matrices used in finite-element analysis using ANSYS and the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL). The information is intended to provide some insight into the nature of structural matrices used in finite-element codes. Some terms used in sparse-matrix arithmetic are discussed, and methods for calculating certain quantities are provided. A test model is constructed to demonstrate how the stiffness, mass, and damping matrices may be visualized for various systems. The effect of element shape, element type (including superelements), element reordering, and equation reordering on structural matrices is briefly investigated."

      +
    • +

      Windows file association for ANSYS files [PDF]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      +

      How to associate database, graphics, and input files with ANSYS under Windows, so one can launch ANSYS more easily without the ANSYS launcher.

      +
    • +

      Wire Bond Temperature Sensor

      +

      Shivesh Suman, Michael Gaitan, Yogendra Joshi, George Harman

      +

      "This work reports the first demonstration of a bond pad test structure with embedded thermopile sensors for the measurement of the transient temperature response during the wire bonding operation. This paper will present the design and operation of the bond pad test structure and show and discuss temperature measurements during the wire bonding operation."
      +[ANSYS Thermal, version unknown]

      +
    • +

      Workbench XML Material Format

      +

      ANSYS, Inc.

      +

      ANSYS Workbench Engineering Data module (e.g., Workbench Simulation, Workbench FE Modeler) can import/export material data as XML files. These XML files utilize the MatML format, and this zip file contains an example. This can be useful for users wishing to generate their own material libraries in XML format outside of Workbench Engineering Data.

      +
    • +

      acton20080825-condition_number.pdf

      +

      Aaron Acton (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "This article presents an overview of the condition number for a matrix and the potential effect of ill conditioning on the solution of a system of linear equations. The information is intended to be general, although specific information relevant to finite-element analysis is also included. Vector and matrix norms are introduced before defining the condition number, and the choice of matrix norm in the calculation of the condition number is discussed. A method of estimating the condition number is also provided, including a sample implementation in the ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL)."

      +
    • +

      ansys25b.pdf

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      ansys25b.pdf

    • -

      mutamba2.pdf

      -

      -

      mutamba2.pdf

      +

      ansys_news_1995_3.pdf

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      ansys_news_1995_3.pdf

    • -

      mw2000_1031.pdf

      -

      -

      mw2000_1031.pdf

      +

      ansys_news_1995_4.pdf

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      ansys_news_1995_4.pdf

    • -

      nonlinear_problems_of_steel_civil_structures.pdf

      -

      Milan Vasek

      -

      "The civil engineering structures are today designed with respect to the limit state of serviceability and limit states of the strength and stability. The design of more efficient and light structures leads to the nonlinear analysis of deflections and stresses. Some parts of structure could reach the yield point under the design load. Some parts of structure could lose their local stability. These complex problems of a different nature are possible to solve by FEM methods."

      +

      ansys_news_1996_2.pdf

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      ansys_news_1996_2.pdf

    • -

      numib695.pdf

      -

      -

      numib695.pdf

      +

      ansys_news_1996_3.pdf

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      ansys_news_1996_3.pdf

    • -

      penny3d.zip

      +

      ansys_short_course.pdf

      +

      Tim Langlais (University of Minnesota)

      +

      A short course on ANSYS, using ANSYS 5.4.

      +
    • +

      ansys_solutions_2002_winter.pdf

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      ansys_solutions_2002_winter.pdf

      +
    • +

      ansys_solutions_2003_fall.pdf

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      ansys_solutions_2003_fall.pdf

      +
    • +

      ansys_solutions_2003_spring.pdf

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      ansys_solutions_2003_spring.pdf

      +
    • +

      ansys_solutions_2003_summer.pdf

      +

      (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      ansys_solutions_2003_summer.pdf

      +
    • +

      batch.zip

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Simple example using ANSYS Workbench 12.0 to show one way to generate a penny-shaped crack (3D crack) for fracture mechanics (using CINT command to evaluate J-integral and stress intensity factors).

      +

      This is an example of how to drag-and-drop a .db file onto a DOS batch file to initiate an analysis.

      +

      Unzip the file and rename "Run Nonlinear.txt "to Run Nonlinear.bat". Place it on your desktop.

      +

      Place "solve_batch.inp"in your D: drive or edit "Run Nonlinear.bat"to change the location of this APDL input file.

      +

      Drag and drop any .db file containing a ready-to-solve nonlinear analysis onto "Run Nonlinear.bat".

      +

      You will find that the solution will initiate in the same working directory, and you can also track the nonlinear solution graphically as the solution is solving in batch.

    • -

      popelar1.pdf

      -

      -

      popelar1.pdf

      +

      boot.zip

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Old model originally created back in ANSYS 6.0. Recently tested and seems to solve fine as-is in ANSYS 12.1, so I expect all versions in-between should run fine, too. Hyperelasticity, self-contact, rigid-deformable contact are present. Animation of same model (with finer mesh) is on the gallery page.

    • -

      popelar3.pdf

      -

      -

      popelar3.pdf

      +

      closed_tank.zip

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Comparison of FLUID30 (acoustic fluid element) and FLUID80 (contained fluid element) for sloshing in a tank.

    • -

      prony.zip

      -

      John Thompson (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Macro to do curve-fitting for TB,PRONY constants for given relaxation data.
      -[STI: Note that, at 8.0 and above, curve-fitting of TB,PRONY is directly available in ANSYS with the TBFT command.]

      +

      creating Custom Animations [ZIP]

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      "Animations are quite useful, both in presenting results of an analysis to others as well as obtaining better insight into the complex response of a system. While ANSYS has many built-in animation capabilities, sometimes, it may be necessary to create a macro for a customized animation. This memo covers one method of generating such animations."

      +
    • +

      dakota.zip

      +

      Dave Lindeman (3M)

      +

      "I recently experimented with coupling ANSYS and DAKOTA, and thought the list might be interested in the results. DAKOTA, if you're not familiar with it, is a public-domain optimization code available from Sandia National Laboratories (see http://endo.sandia.gov/DAKOTA/). It has several advanced optimization algorithms (e.g., genetic algorithms), supports discrete variables, and has several other features that make it a nice complement to the optimization and probabilistic design modules within ANSYS. And it's FREE.

      +

      "Anyways, the procedure for using DAKOTA with ANSYS consists of creating a DAKOTA input file (DAKOTA in the attachments) that identifies the design variables, state variables, optimization method, etc. Also, within this file you identify the command to be issued to execute the code you are using to generate the response variables (analysis_driver = 'ansys.prl', in the attached example). To execute ANSYS I use an intermediate Perl script (ansys.prl) that translates the design variable file generated by DAKOTA (parameters_file = 'dakota.dv') into something ANSYS can understand (written out to ansys.dv). The Perl script then executes ANSYS. Note that the Perl script is general purpose -- it should work for any application. The only thing you should need to change is filenames, in particular the name of your ANSYS script (in my example, 'ANSYS'). The ANSYS script reads in the design variable file using /INPUT, performs the analysis, then outputs the result variables to a file (results_file = 'dakota.rv') using *CFOPEN and *VWRITE.

      +

      "To execute the analysis you use (for example) the command line: dakota -i DAKOTA > dakota.log &

      +

      "That's pretty much it. Pretty straightforward once you figure out the DAKOTA input file syntax. The attached example is the simple beam optimization problem used in the ANSYS documentation."

      +
    • +

      demotlbr.zip

      +

      (PADT)

      +

      "To use this demonstration of the ANSYS toolbar capabilities extract these files to your working directory. You must then copy the tlbrlist61.ans file from the ANSYS installation docu/english/tlbrlist61.ans to your working directory. Add DEMO.TLB to the bottom of the file. Run ANSYS and then move the split bar at the bottom up to show the bottom pane where the demo toolbar is embedded."
      +Example showing how to customize the ANSYS 6.1 Toolbar.

      +
    • +

      elastdata_Unix.zip

      +

      Hursha Narayan (Robert Bosch Corporation)

      +

      Macro for a fully automated procedure for calculating M-R coefficients from Test Data
      +"I have developed a macro that fully automates the importing of elastomer test data into ANSYS and calculate the Mooney-Rivlin coefficients. The macro uses Lagrange interpolation technique to calculate the stress data at equal intervals of strain. This can then be read into an array in ANSYS to evaluate the M-R coeffs. I'm sending you Windows and Unix version of the macro. The difference between the two versions are in the awk and script files that I use to manipulate data. The user needs to go through all the files just to change the directories where the files will be located and accessed. The files reformat(Unix) and reformat.csh(windows) should have rwx permissions. The reformat.csh used in windows can be converted to a batch file. Awk utility should be available under windows. The procedure expects Simple Tension, Planar Tension and Biaxial Extension data to be available."

      +
    • +

      expansion.pdf

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      This is a description of an ANSYS Workbench 13.0 project and the use of the HSFLD242 (hydrostatic fluid) element. It is a fictitious model of the expansion of a tire and subsequent displacement-loading to a rigid surface (e.g., ground).

    • -

      rbcm22.pdf

      -

      -

      rbcm22.pdf

      +

      grph2svg.zip

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      This is a quick hack I did to generate SVG files from within ANSYS. There are 3 macros contained in the zip file: GRPH2SVG.MAC is the main one, and the other two are called by GRPH2SVG.

      +

      The macro redirects the plot to an ANSYS Graphics file "stiplot.grph". Then, the macro parses through the GRPH file and generates an SVG file called "stiplot.svg". You can change the font, font size, etc. as you see fit from within the macro. (For details on the contents of the GRPH file, refer to the ANSYS Programmer's Guide for details.)

      +

      Because this parses the GRPH file from within ANSYS, it is slow for complex plots, so I recommend using it only for XY plots — this is only meant to serve as an example of what can be done with APDL and reading the GRPH file contents. Also, I did not bother including support for raster graphics - this macro only supports vector graphics. (If you want raster graphics, use of PNG is better. SVG is really a vector graphics implementation.)

      +

      If you're running Firefox, or if you use Internet Explorer and have the Adobe SVG Viewer Plug-in, you can see a sample contour plot and sample XY plot generated from this macro.

      +

      Because this was created by hand, there may be mistakes - you can let me know if you encounter any. Otherwise, instead of using this macro, you can create an EPS file and use your favorite illustration software to convert it to an SVG file.

    • -

      roller.zip

      +

      harmonic_and_random.zip

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Simple example of a hollow metal pipe being bent by rollers. Rigid-deformable contact, metal plasticity, use of Joints (MPC184) are in the Workbench Mechanical 12.1 model.

      +

      This zip file contains a simple example - single input PSD table for base excitation of a fictitious structure - run as both random vibration and harmonic response analyses. The user can review the contents of the two input files and see how one can relate harmonic analyses (the transfer function) to the response PSD in random vibration analyses. (Actually, one can also look it up in any dynamics textbook, but this just shows how one can do it in ANSYS.)

      +

      (See also TFUN undocumented command to get the transfer function after a random vibration analysis.)

    • -

      siysdcap

      +

      harmonic_cms.zip

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Tip on visualizing the Drucker-Prager Cap model yield surface.

      +

      Simple beam example showing procedure for using CMS (component mode synthesis). Same results for the full model (no CMS) and the CMS model.

    • -

      skinner_thesis.pdf

      -

      -

      skinner_thesis.pdf

      +

      icpkg.zip

      +

      Steve Groothuis (Micron Technology, Inc.)

      +

      "An example of IC package assembly using element birth and death - a simple 5-step die attach, injection molding, and cool-down processes during IC packaging. (compliments to Bill Bulat on concept)"
      +Unzip the file and read in "icpkg.inp".

    • -

      spice1.pdf

      -

      -

      spice1.pdf

      +

      impedance.zip

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Example of the use of complex impedance at a surface, which is a new feature in version 13.0 (for 3D FLUID30, FLUID220, FLUID221 acoustic elements). This is a radiating monopole source. Comparison with infinite FLUID130 shows same results with appropriate value of SF,,IMPD defined.

    • -

      spice2.pdf

      -

      -

      spice2.pdf

      +

      inistate.zip

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      This is a very simple example using Workbench Mechanical 12.0.1 to demonstrate use of the INISTATE command in defining initial stress.
      +Open Workbench 12.0.1 (or 12.1) and use "File > Restore Archive ..."and select the zip file to open the model. Solving should take less than a minute.
      +The model is a simple bar. The first analysis branch has 10e3 psi initial stress only in the x-direction. Notice that the block is free to expand - it only has symmetry boundary conditions. The final results show basically zero stress and displacement of -8.1455e-4 inches. Since initial stress is 10e3 and elastic modulus is 29e6 with a length of 2.3622 inches:
      +10e3 / 29e6 * 2.3622 = 8.1455e-4
      +which is the same answer as given by ANSYS.

      +

      The second analysis branch also has 10e3 psi initial stress only in x-direction. However, there is a Frictionless Support preventing the block from expanding. Final results show displacement basically of zero, and stress of 10e3 psi. This is because the initial stress cannot relax due to the boundary conditions, so the final stress = initial stress in this particular case.

    • -

      spie98.pdf

      -

      -

      spie98.pdf

      +

      instantaneous_secant_TCE.zip

      +

      Bill Bulat (CSI)

      +

      Macro to convert instantaneous thermal coefficients of expansion to secant values, with example input file. (This is a zipped file)

    • -

      sprs_mprs.zip

      +

      matlab.zip

      +

      Rick Morgans (Adelaide University)

      +

      "On this subject, I've been meaning to post these for ages -> we've been using these macros to transfer variables between ansys and matlab for yonks. They write and read variables from ansys and matlab -> you can check them out to see how they do it (i.e. I cant remember off of the top of my head) -> I think they write out a format header then write the rest of the variable as a single column.

      +

      varread.m
      +read variable into matlab

      +

      varread.mac
      +read variable into ansys

      +

      varreadc.m
      +read 2 column ansys variable into matlab as a complex variable

      +

      varreadcp.m
      +read "packed"2 column variable into matlab as complex variable

      +

      varreadp.m
      +read "packed"variable into matlab

      +

      varreadp.mac
      +read "packed"variable into ansys

      +

      varwrite.m
      +write a variable from matlab

      +

      varwrite.mac
      +write a variable from ansys

      +

      varwritep.mac
      +write a variable from ansys in "packed"format using a vmask"

      +
    • +

      muffler.zip

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      The attached zip file includes a simple example demonstrating the procedure to perform a single-point response spectrum (SPRS), where the excitation in 3 direction is applied together (using SRSS combination), not independently. The procedure for multi-point response spectrum (MPRS) is included as well for the same situation. An Excel spreadsheet shows that the results obtained for this simple model is the same for both methods (compare the mode coefficients for each squared mode in the spreadsheet).

      +

      This memo provides basic instruction on performing acoustic analyses in Workbench Mechanical 14.0. An example of calculation of transmission loss in a muffler is demonstrated.

    • -

      substr-fullpost.zip

      +

      nonlinear_problems_of_steel_civil_structures.pdf

      +

      Milan Vasek

      +

      "The civil engineering structures are today designed with respect to the limit state of serviceability and limit states of the strength and stability. The design of more efficient and light structures leads to the nonlinear analysis of deflections and stresses. Some parts of structure could reach the yield point under the design load. Some parts of structure could lose their local stability. These complex problems of a different nature are possible to solve by FEM methods."

      +
    • +

      penny3d.zip

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      -

      Fictitious model used to demonstrate substructuring. SETRAN and SESYMM are used to translate and reflect a superelement. RSPLIT and RSTOFF are also used, and postprocessing of the entire model (superelements and non-superelements) is shown.

      +

      Simple example using ANSYS Workbench 12.0 to show one way to generate a penny-shaped crack (3D crack) for fracture mechanics (using CINT command to evaluate J-integral and stress intensity factors).

    • -

      t2107.pdf

      -

      -

      t2107.pdf

      +

      prony.zip

      +

      John Thompson (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Macro to do curve-fitting for TB,PRONY constants for given relaxation data.
      +[STI: Note that, at 8.0 and above, curve-fitting of TB,PRONY is directly available in ANSYS with the TBFT command.]

    • -

      tan_wei_200804_phd.pdf

      -

      -

      tan_wei_200804_phd.pdf

      +

      roller.zip

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Simple example of a hollow metal pipe being bent by rollers. Rigid-deformable contact, metal plasticity, use of Joints (MPC184) are in the Workbench Mechanical 12.1 model.

    • -

      tms95.pdf

      -

      -

      tms95.pdf

      +

      siysdcap

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Tip on visualizing the Drucker-Prager Cap model yield surface.

    • -

      transducers-paper_3.pdf

      -

      -

      transducers-paper_3.pdf

      +

      sprs_mprs.zip

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      The attached zip file includes a simple example demonstrating the procedure to perform a single-point response spectrum (SPRS), where the excitation in 3 direction is applied together (using SRSS combination), not independently. The procedure for multi-point response spectrum (MPRS) is included as well for the same situation. An Excel spreadsheet shows that the results obtained for this simple model is the same for both methods (compare the mode coefficients for each squared mode in the spreadsheet).

    • -

      ultrasonic2000.pdf

      -

      -

      ultrasonic2000.pdf

      +

      substr-fullpost.zip

      +

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      +

      Fictitious model used to demonstrate substructuring. SETRAN and SESYMM are used to translate and reflect a superelement. RSPLIT and RSTOFF are also used, and postprocessing of the entire model (superelements and non-superelements) is shown.

    • user01.zip

      Sheldon Imaoka (ANSYS, Inc.)

      @@ -145,14 +177,6 @@

      Resources

      week25-ETABLE.pdf

      Sheldon Imaoka (CSI)

      Short description on the usage and features of element tables in ANSYS.

      -
    • -

      ws_jss2002.pdf

      -

      -

      ws_jss2002.pdf

      -
    • -

      zej-2012-anand-2.pdf

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      -

      zej-2012-anand-2.pdf