Skip to content

Django.md

Latest commit

 

History

History
163 lines (141 loc) · 3.71 KB

Django.md

File metadata and controls

163 lines (141 loc) · 3.71 KB

Django Basics

Installing Django and Creating a Project

Environment Setup

  1. Set up a Virtual Environment (Optional)
python -m venv myenv
source myenv/bin/activate  # Or on Windows: myenv\Scripts\activate
  1. Install Django
pip install django
  1. Check Django Version
django-admin --version

Basic Django Project Commands

Create a Django Project

django-admin startproject myproject
  1. Navigate to the Project Directory
cd myproject
  1. Run the Development Server
python manage.py runserver

Understanding Django Models and ORM (Object-Relational Mapping)

Defining Models

  1. Create a Model Class: Define your data model in the models.py file.
from django.db import models

class Book(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    author = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    publication_date = models.DateField()

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title
  1. Track Model Changes
python manage.py makemigrations

Model data manipulation

Data Generation

book = Book(title="Django for Beginners", author="William S. Vincent", publication_date="2023-01-01")
book.save()

Data Retrieval

  1. Fetch all books from the database:
all_books = Book.objects.all()

Data Filtering

  1. Filter books written by "William S. Vincent":
python_books = Book.objects.filter(author="William S. Vincent")

Data Modification

  1. Update data for a specific book (e.g., book with primary key 1):
book = Book.objects.get(pk=1)
book.title = "Django for Professionals"
book.save()

Data Deletion

  1. Delete a specific book (e.g., book with primary key 1):
book = Book.objects.get(pk=1)
book.delete()

Django Design Patterns

1. Model

How it works

  1. Create Python classes in the models.py file to define database tables.
  2. Each class field is mapped to a database column.
  3. Use the migrate command to create the database schema and store data.

Example

from django.db import models

class Post(models.Model):
   title = models.CharField(max_length=200)
   content = models.TextField()
   pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')

2. View

How it works

  1. Create Python functions or classes in the views.py file to define the business logic of web pages.
  2. Handle requests, fetch data from the model, and pass it to the template.
  3. Generate and return responses.

Example

from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import Post

def post_list(request):
   posts = Post.objects.all()
   return render(request, 'blog/post_list.html', {'posts': posts})

3. Template

How it works

  1. Create HTML template files in the templates directory.
  2. Use Django template language to display data dynamically within the template.
  3. Render web pages dynamically using template tags and variables.

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
   <title>Post List</title>
</head>
<body>
   <h1>Blog Posts</h1>
   <ul>
       {% for post in posts %}
           <li>{{ post.title }}</li>
       {% endfor %}
   </ul>
</body>
</html>

4. URL Configuration

How it works

  1. Define URL patterns in the urls.py file to route requests to view functions or classes.
  2. Map URL patterns using regular expressions.
  3. Django processes requests by calling the appropriate view based on the URL pattern.
from django.urls import path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
   path('posts/', views.post_list, name='post_list'),
]