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Offline Tracker Device concept.

RF Options Frequency Data Distance
Lora **** 915/868 Mhz 4 4
nRF24L01 *** 2.4 Ghz 4 4
RF *** 433 Mhz 1 5
BLE ** 2.4 Ghz 4 1 - 2
WiFi * 2.4 Ghz 4 1 - 2
Distance Measurement Challenge
Signal Power Low reliability
Ping Time Based on the time it took to send and receive a data back.
Triangulation Multiple trackers must.
GPS Expensive, high power consumption
Direction Determination Challenge
Multi Frequencies Most likely expensive, interference might be an issue.
Antenna Array Calculation required. High clock speed might be required = Power
Triangulation Might give rough estimation.
Ultrasonic Sound Ultrasonic audio, requires multiple microphones, works in close distance (which is fine)
Other Comments
1 UI Screen isn't a must simple LED is fine, can be turned on while tracking.
2 Mesh Mesh might be a good idea, neighboring devices would increase reliability, although means more power.
3 Mesh Mesh can be done in 2 ways, just relaying anything or like a router might keep neighboring device list with ids.
4 DIY Parts should be easy to get for common Joe
5 Existing Tech There is a project called meshtastic, exiting network might be utilized in favor.
6 Power Tracking devices should be able to run at least a week.
7 Portability Tracker device, shouldn't be heavy to carry around. Desired form factor is something in between Walkie Talkie / Cellphone to smart watch.
Device Identification
1 Trackers should have an ID, how to assign these id's are challenge.
2 Main device can be paired and can be assigned through.
3 Main device might have a bluetooth or wifi, for configuring through a phone.
4 Impersonation might be an issue. Something like a mac adress could be useful.
Expansion
I have another idea for emergency communication protocol, might be merged with that.
Emco