diff --git a/R/aFIPC.R b/R/aFIPC.R
index 62546519..8c949aad 100644
--- a/R/aFIPC.R
+++ b/R/aFIPC.R
@@ -620,8 +620,9 @@ autoFIPC <-
       IPDItemCount <- 0
 
       # IPD target item checking
-      newFormColNames <- colnames(newformXDataK[colnames(newFormModel@Data$data)])
-      oldFormColNames <- colnames(oldformYDataK[colnames(oldFormModel@Data$data)])
+      # ⚡ Bolt: Removed O(N) subsetting overhead by directly using colnames(newFormModel@Data$data)
+      newFormColNames <- colnames(newFormModel@Data$data)
+      oldFormColNames <- colnames(oldFormModel@Data$data)
 
       # ⚡ Bolt: Vectorized match() to avoid dynamic array growth overhead inside a for loop
       idxNew <- match(newformCommonItemNames, newFormColNames)
@@ -749,8 +750,9 @@ autoFIPC <-
       }
     }
 
-    newFormColNames <- colnames(newformXDataK[colnames(newFormModel@Data$data)])
-    oldFormColNames <- colnames(oldformYDataK[colnames(oldFormModel@Data$data)])
+    # ⚡ Bolt: Removed O(N) subsetting overhead by directly using colnames(newFormModel@Data$data)
+    newFormColNames <- colnames(newFormModel@Data$data)
+    oldFormColNames <- colnames(oldFormModel@Data$data)
 
     # ⚡ Bolt: Cache parameter indices to avoid O(N) linear search inside loop
     newScaleParmsItemIdxCache <- split(seq_len(nrow(NewScaleParms)), NewScaleParms$item)