diff --git a/.changeset/brave-vans-roll.md b/.changeset/brave-vans-roll.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..21f0364
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/brave-vans-roll.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'@contextvm/sdk': patch
+---
+
+fix(transport): deduplicate decrypted inner events before processing
diff --git a/src/gateway/gateway-per-client.test.ts b/src/gateway/gateway-per-client.test.ts
index 64fec4f..1a3c235 100644
--- a/src/gateway/gateway-per-client.test.ts
+++ b/src/gateway/gateway-per-client.test.ts
@@ -179,7 +179,11 @@ describe('NostrMCPGateway per-client MCP routing', () => {
 
       // Close the connection.
       await client1.close();
-      await sleep(100);
+
+      // Nostr event ids are deterministic over the signed event payload, including
+      // `created_at` at one-second granularity. Wait long enough so the reconnect
+      // sends a fresh initialize event instead of replaying the exact same one.
+      await sleep(1_100);
 
       // Reconnect the same client - should trigger a new transport creation
       // for the initialization request.
diff --git a/src/transport/nostr-server-transport.dedup-response.test.ts b/src/transport/nostr-server-transport.dedup-response.test.ts
index 3d3d1b2..f8a30fc 100644
--- a/src/transport/nostr-server-transport.dedup-response.test.ts
+++ b/src/transport/nostr-server-transport.dedup-response.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { describe, it, expect } from 'bun:test';
+import { describe, it, expect, mock } from 'bun:test';
 import type { RelayHandler } from '../core/interfaces.js';
 import type { NostrEvent } from 'nostr-tools';
 import type { JSONRPCResponse } from '@modelcontextprotocol/sdk/types.js';
@@ -151,6 +151,8 @@ describe.serial('NostrServerTransport duplicate response prevention', () => {
       relayHandler: makeCountingRelayHandler(counter),
       encryptionMode: EncryptionMode.REQUIRED,
     });
+    const onmessage = mock(() => {});
+    transport.onmessage = onmessage;
 
     // Make decryptMessage deterministically return the same inner event id for both envelopes.
     const signer = transport['signer'];
@@ -204,8 +206,13 @@ describe.serial('NostrServerTransport duplicate response prevention', () => {
     await transport['processIncomingEvent'](gw2);
 
     expect(decryptCalls).toBe(2);
-    // The transport should only process the inner request once.
-    // We assert on correlation store size because requests register an event route.
+    expect(onmessage).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(onmessage).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+      jsonrpc: '2.0',
+      id: 'inner-request-id',
+      method: 'tools/list',
+      params: {},
+    });
     expect(
       transport.getInternalStateForTesting().correlationStore.eventRouteCount,
     ).toBe(1);
diff --git a/src/transport/nostr-server-transport.ts b/src/transport/nostr-server-transport.ts
index 223f290..c549f86 100644
--- a/src/transport/nostr-server-transport.ts
+++ b/src/transport/nostr-server-transport.ts
@@ -882,6 +882,16 @@ export class NostrServerTransport
       );
       const currentEvent = JSON.parse(decryptedJson) as NostrEvent;
 
+      // Deduplicate decrypted inner events before authorization and dispatch.
+      if (this.seenEventIds.has(currentEvent.id)) {
+        this.logger.debug('Skipping duplicate decrypted inner event', {
+          outerEventId: event.id,
+          innerEventId: currentEvent.id,
+        });
+        return;
+      }
+      this.seenEventIds.set(currentEvent.id, true);
+
       await this.authorizeAndProcessEvent(currentEvent, true, event.kind);
     } catch (error) {
       this.logger.error('Failed to handle encrypted Nostr event', {